21108 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS NATIONAL PRO-LIFE POLITICAL riously alienated major portions of the know that she and Mrs. O'Connor had long ACTION COMMITTEE-A STUDY "social issues conservatives" who comprised been in heated opposition on these very IN INTEGRITY the pro-life/pro-family coalition that helped votes. elect him last November. Those same voters The question looms large over Mrs. are intently watching these hearings, and O'Connor's qualifications to sit as a member HON. LARRY McDONALD will long remember and note well the final of the Supreme Court: Did she deliberately OF GEORGIA "ayes" and "nays" as the full Senate deter­ seek to mislead investigators for the Justice IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mines Judge O'Connor's qualifications to sit Department and/or the President as to the with the Court. As voters they perceive the Thursday, September 17, 1981 facts of her legislative record on this vital members of the House and Senate not as issue; did she give false or selective informa­ • Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, on party functionaries, but as their representa­ tion in an attempt to portray her clearly September 11, 1981, Rev. Charles tives first of all; just as they also perceive pro-abortion legislative record as something Fiore, O.P., testified before the Judici-. party platforms and election pledges not as else? ary Committee of the U.S. Senate in "litmus tests," but as implied contracts to be And if she did, what does that say about opposition to the nomination of Judge fulfilled by those elected. her ambition to accede to the high Court I say these things at the outset, not be­ . . . and her moral strengths once part of it? Sandra Day O'Connor to the U.S. Su­ cause they have bearing on Mrs. O'Connor's preme Court. Father Fiore is chair­ What price glory? qualifications, but because they have very I raise these blunt and impolite questions man of the National Pro-Life Political much to do with the larger processes of rep­ because the matter of the right to life of Action Committee , a role that resentative government, which are also at the unborn is fundamental and critical to he and his Washington representative, stake in these hearings. the health of our society. "The right to Peter Gemma, have filled with integri­ The facts of Judge O'Connor's legislative and judicial careers are matters of public life," as also the rights to "liberty and the ty and honor. record, even though it appears that the Ad­ pursuit of happiness" are not "minor" or pe­ I have been, and will continue to be, ministration paid scant attention to them ripheral issues in our political process. Nor privileged to serve on that organiza­ when evaluating her qualifications for the are they "private" any more than homicide tion's advisory board. It was not too Supreme Court, even as late as the now-in­ is a "private" act if the unborn are human, long ago that this organization faced a famous Starr Justice Department memoran­ as indeed every medico-scientific test af­ storm of protest because they had tar­ dum hurriedly complied a day or so before firms. the nomination was made. Because of the complicated and sensitive geted proabortion advocates for issues involved, at the very least we expect defeat, irregardless of political party Briefly, as they pertain to the abortion issue, the facts are: you to fully explore her philosophy and affiliation. The heat was on in the 1. As a State Senator in 1970, Mrs. O'Con­ opinions on this issue of life versus death. If kitchen, but this organization stuck to nor twice voted for HB 20, to repeal Arizo­ this judge be not guilty of the pro-abortion its guns. My own position with regard na's existing abortion statutes-three years charge, let her proclaim her innocense to this "storm" could only be, both as before the U.S. Supreme Court legalized loudly and clearly. Indeed, if she has a physician and a Member of this abortion-on-demand, throughout the nine changed her views, National Pro-Life PAC body, that where the murder of the months of pregnancy, in all 50 states. would be first in line to reconsider our oppo­ unborn is concerned-it is just that­ 2. In 1973, Senator O'Connor co-sponsored sition to this nomination. murder-and politics goes out the a so-called "family planning" Act . In the matter of Mrs. O'Connor, tants-to switch parties and vote for him. mate of Dr. Carolyn Gerster, M.D., Phoenix, the label 'conservative' has unfortunately As a result, in the first six months of his titular head of the state right-to-life organi­ been so employed as to obfuscate a very real incumbency, President Reagan may have se- zation, when Dr. Gerster says it was well- issue. The scenario goes like this:

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. September 17, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 21109 "Comment: 'Mrs. O'Connor is said to be leading information on. these very issues as ment, the due process clauses, equal protec­ pro-abortion. ' they arise in her record, to an investigator tion, and much else in the Consititution. It Response: 'Really? But she is a staunch for the Attorney General of the United is peJ:fect nonsense to praise a candidate as conservative.' States, at a time when she knew full well a "strict constructionist" when, in these "Just as meaningful would be: - that she was being considered among the fi- vital areas of the Constitution, there is Comment: 'John Smith is said to be a-:~' nalists for this nomination. really very little language to "strictly" con­ mathematician.' · I understand Mrs. O'Connor's ambition strue. As to other areas of the Constitution Response: 'Really? But he is from Chica- and desire to become the first woman Jus- Ball. And we concur. With these· facts ject to re-examination, first of all by the pro-abortion." of her record in mind, and in the light of public record which follows, and ultimately Response: "Really? But she is a staunch President Reagan's pro-life promises before, by the one Judge who alone is just, and to conservative." Just as meaningful would be: during and after the campaign, logically whom all of us must finally submit our Comment: "John Smith is said to be a only three conclusions can be drawn: thoughts, hopes, our words, our deeds, our mathematician." 1 Either Sandra Day O'Connor has very lives-all of which and each part of Response: "Really? But he is from Chi­ ch~ed her views, and is no longer a pro- which will be "germane." abortion advocate ("personal opposition" Quite simply, gentlemen, abortion goes cage." does not necessarily translate into "public" beyond partisan platforms and political Whether Mrs. O'Connor is labeled a "con­ opposition to abortion), or promises-it is morally unjustifiable. For servative" is irrelevant to the question re­ 2. President Reagan appointed Mrs. that fundamental reason, we urge all of specting her views on abortion. So would it O'Connor without full knowledge about her you-Democrats and Republicans alike-to be on many another subject. public record or vote against the nomination of Sandra Day The New York Times editorialized July 3. Preside:r{t Reagan was fully informed O'Connor to the U.S. Supreme Court. 12th on "What To Ask Judge O'Connor." The four questions it posed <&11 "philosophi­ about Mrs. O'Connor's public record as pro­ cal," by the way> were good. To these many abortion, but chose to disregard it and the [From the Wanderer, July 30, 19811 THE O'CONNOR SUPREME COURT NOKINATION: another question need be added. For exam­ solemn pro-life promises he had made. ple: If, as it appears, Judge O'Connor and A CONSTITUTIONAL LAWYER COIDIENTS What are the candidate's views on: some of her supporters have attempted to The proper role of administrative agencies cloud over or to minimize the importance of As one whose practice is in the field of and the assumption by them of powers not her pro-abortion record for the sake of constitutional law, one thing stands out su­ clearly delegated? these hearings, what does that say about premely when a vacancy on the Supreme her record? More, what does it say about Court occurs: the replacement should be de­ The use by IRS of the tax power in order her probity and candor? liberate, not impulsive. The public interest to mold social views and practices? Far from being unimportant, these ques­ is not served by a fait accompli, however po­ The allowable reach of governmental con­ tions are absolutely essential in judging the litically brilliant. The most careful probing trol respecting family life? qualifications of one nominated to the Su­ and the most measured deliberations are Busing for desegregation? preme Court of our land. what are called for. Confirm in haste, and The proper role of government with re­ Mrs. O'Connor, although she has already we may repent at leisure. spect to non-tax-supported private religious testified and submitted herself to your que­ Unhappily, the atmosphere surrounding schools? ries, technically is still before this Commit­ the nomination of Sandra Day O'Connor to Sex differentiation in private employ­ tee, and may be recalled for further ques­ the Supreme Court is one almost of panic. ment? tioning by yourselves or other Senators. Considering that the liberties of the Ameri­ Freedom of religion and church-state sep­ She must be asked directly if she has can people can ride on a single vote in the aration? changed her views on abortion since her Supreme Court, any politically or ideologi­ Broad and bland answers could of course votes in the Arizona State Senate. She must cally motivated impatience should be thrust by given to each of these questions, but lack be asked specifically about each of those aside and time taken to do the job right. of knowledge or lack of specificity in an­ votes. She must be asked about Roe vs. Plainly, there is no need for instananeous swers would obviously be useful indices of Wade and Doe vs. Bolton, about parental confirmation hearings, and the most pains­ the capabilities or candor of the candiate. consent to medical procedures on minors, taking effort should be made to fully know Fair, too-and important-would be ques­ and the other .excellent questions Professor the qualifications-including philosophy-of tions to the candidate calling for agreement Ball raises in his article (op. cit.>. the candidate. My first plea would be, there­ with, disagreement with, and discussion of, Should this Committee and the Senate fore: Don't rush this nomination through. major prior decisions of the Supreme Court. fail to raise these questions with Judge My second relates indeed to the matter of Not the slightest impropriety would be in­ O'Connor now, as previous Judiciary Com­ "philosophy." Some zealous supporters of volved in, and much could be gained by, mittees did not hesitate to question Judges the O'Connor nomination she gave partial and mis- the spacious provisions of the First Amend- precedent of lightning-fast decisions in the 21110 EXTENSIONS OF -REMARKS· . - September 17, 1981 matter of choosing our Supreme Court Jus­ that, instead of having had a record indicat­ a street stand run by a Korean immi­ tices would be a bad precedent indeed. ing acceptance of abortion, such a candidate grant.e Responses of Mrs. O'Connor to questions had a record the other way around-was posed to her very recently give rise to addi­ known as a Moral Majority type? Would the tional concerns: re Mrs. O'Connor's mediocrity-indeed the poverty-of legal MARITIME DRY BULK TRADE views concerning overruling of prior deci­ background then have been ignored by the ACT sions, (b) her candor. media?e As to : She takes what appears like a "conservative" position of saying that she HON. GENE SNYDER would not vote to disturb prior decisions of HONORING LOS ANGELES OF KENTUCKY the court (including the abortion decisions). BICENTENNIAL IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES If it is a fixed principle with her, that prior decisions may not be overruled, then she Thursday, September 17, 1981 should be asked whether she would have HON. E de Ia GARZA e Mr. SNYDER. Mr. Speaker, today I voted in Brown v. Board of Education, to OF TEXAS am introducing a bill to be known as overturn the "separate but equal" doctrine of Plessy v. Ferguson . haps lack of logic, of the policy Israel fol­ delay ran 74 days. While large busi­ Under Fedsloppp, small business Would lows-from its own perspective, and the in­ ness firms may be able to carry the bow to sloppy bill handling by federal agen­ terests of the Atlantic alliance. We see this, Government for this length of time, cies for a period of thirty days. After a bill for example, when a Western politician is past due for thirty days, however, the speaks out against the Israeli attack on most small firms cannot. Stories slow-payment penalty plan would go into South Lebanon or on the nuclear reactor in abound of small businessmen and effect. Bills past due for thirty to sixty days Iraq. women forced to borrow money to pay would automatically be increased by "Ten Israel has highly mobilized, standing mili­ their bills to meet their payrolls while Per Cent Plus Prime". Prime would be tary forces, and the Arabs know Israel as a owed thousands by the Feds. It is little based on the established prime rate on the country to be a highly effective and highly wonder that many of these firms ulti- day the check was finally written. Bills sixty efficient fighting force. But as one arguing 21112 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1981 Israel's case, I would like to emphasize the The United Nations and the British For­ height of the crisis. While serving in a sheer enormity of the fire power assembled eign Office both told the Israelis that the leadership role in the World Health against them, even discounting the military Iraqis were not, as the Israelis thought they Organization he participated in efforts capability of Egypt. were, on the verge of making a bomb. They In almost every category-manpower, ar­ said that a United Nations inspectorate had to wipe out smallpox around the mored divisions, mechanized infantry divi­ been there and studied it and knew that it world. sions, tanks and combat aircraft-the fire­ was a "peaceful" reactor. You simply cannot Mr. Speaker, Dr. Appel was a leader power assembled on or near Israel's Eastern expect the Israelis to believe that, though. in his profession who was respected by border is more or less equivalent to the This is the same United Nations which pro­ his colleagues both locally and nation­ power that is assembled in the Western Eu­ vided an interim force in Lebanon that is a ally. He will be missed, but he will not ropean theater. front for the Palestinian Liberation Organi­ be forgotten. From his inaugural ad­ Israel cannot lose a war. If Britain had zation. lost World War II to Germany, there would Israel will always strike pre-emptively be­ dress before the American Medical As­ still be a Britain-Britain under German cause it cannot risk the first battle. And sociation in 1965 he left us with these domination, but a Britain whose citizens that is even more true now, since 1973, words: could imagine that in the foreseeable when Israel had to bear the brunt of the We cannot have happiness or a fruitful future, an uprising might restore their inde­ first battle. life, and we cannot have freedom unless we pendence. Moral and power considerations So when Israel attacks a nuclear reactor pay the price. The price is the acceptance of aside, we cannot deny that after the fall of in Iraq or attacks Beirut, it is simply illogi­ responsibility. France, there remained a France of sorts. cal to not take into account the strategic Even if Germany had won the war, the and tactical reasoning behind it, before Sue joins me in expressing our deep­ Vichy government might have negotiated making value judgments. Israel is not the est sympathies to his wife and with its conquerors for the restoration of United States, and we should stop confusing family.e France, and France very much limited in Israel's best interest with our own. power but still culturally, racially, religious­ What I fear above all is that in attempting ly and identifiably a unit. to bring about solutions that are not avail­ FORGIVE AND FORGET­ But to an Israeli, the loss of a single battle able and not achievable in the Middle East, LIBERAL STYLE would mean The End-the end of the state, we will either weaken Israel to an extent with no further possibility of resuscitation. that is profoundly dangerous for our own And more than likely, it would also mean interests, or secondly, that we will foster ex­ HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK the death of practically every one of its cessive optimism in Arab states as Western OF OHIO Jewish inhabitants. sympathy for Israel declines. The Arabs IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I remember talking to Prime Minister could either launch another attack on Israel Thursday, September 17, 1981 Begin just after Sadat's visit to Jerusalem in of its own volition, or the despair created in 1977, and Begin was irritated by the fact Israel by a Western-forced withdrawal could e Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, lib­ that all the praise in the Western newspa­ prompt her to start a war pre-emptively. erals in the Senate have for a long pers was for Sadat. Begin said in effect that Such a war could being down the entire time played a peculiar form of forgive all Sadat risked when he came there was his Middle East.e and forget with their constituents. life. "So what? Any man would risk his life for his country. But in any decision I make Once they were elected to the Senate, about concessions with Sadat, I risk the TRIBUTE TO DR. JAMES APPEL liberals would forget their constitu­ country." ents for 5 Vz years. They would then The Israelis have a very different geopo­ HON. ROBERT S. WALKER come home for a 6-months' campaign litical perspective of the world than those of and persuade their constituents to for­ us in London or Washington because their OF PENNSYLVANIA give them. Then those same liberals lives are so much more closely on the line. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES That is why I think it is very dangerous to would come back to Washington to push Israel too far. Thursday, September 17, 1981 work for the Washington liberal estab­ I think it's worth observing that no single e Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, I rise lishment for another 5% years. one of the Arab-Israeli wars materially af- today to pay tribute to the late Dr. Mter each election, each liberal Sen­ fected the interests of the West and the James Ziegler Appel, an international­ ator would vote for more taxes on his Middle East. They have in their different ly esteemed physician, past president constituents, more regulation of their ways affected the balance of power locally, of the American Medical Association lives, and more bureaucrats to enforce and of course that balance is of considerable and family doctor to many of my con­ interest and concern to the rest of the them. Then they would go back to world. But none of the wars altered the situ- stituents in Pennsylvania's 16th Con­ their constituents, and spend 6 ation in the Arab world in the way that the gressional District. On September 7, months telling them how much they fall of the Shah of Iran did. Dr. Appel passed away after a long hated rising taxes, bureaucratic and It seems to me that when we look at and distinguished career that spanned judicial tyranny, and all the rest. recent deyelopments in the Middle East- _ nearly 50 years. At the time of his Above all, they would promise that, the war tietween Iran and I~aq, the fall of death he still maintained his medical the next 6 years, they would stop sup­ the Shah, the transformation of Yemen office at the address where he joined porting the establishment, and start into a Soviet fortress, and other events . , . . which have almost nothing to do with the his ~at~er s practice m 1933. fighting it. Once again, the voters west Bank-solving the Palestinian problem His life and career were dedicated to would forgive them their past errors becomes comparatively less . important. the idea that physicians owe more to and send them back to Washington. Moreover, we see in fact that the only ele- their community than good medical This year, a large number of liberals ment in the Middle East which is inherently care. Dr. Appel's community was the discovered the game was over: The stable is Israel itself. world. people refused to forgive, because they Therefore any weakening. ~f Israel that During his term as president of the refused to be forgotten again. In 1980, does not produce a very. defrmte and tangi- American Medical Association in the the American people said that they ble return to the West lS dangerous-press- . , . ing the Israelis to agree with the Egyptians nnd-~960 s, Dr. Appel conferred ~Ith will no longer forgive a Senator who on the west Bank issue for example. President Johnson about the medtcare forgets them. We complain when I;rael strikes pre-emp- program, which went into effect a few But some Senators are still playing tively, but a country in its strategic situa- days after his term ended. Dr. Appel the same old liberal game. The Cleve­ tion has no chance of survival unless it was a firm believer that medical treat­ land school system is being ruled by a strikes pre-emptively. ment should not be denied to those judicial tyrant, Judge Battisti, who is Take the Iraqi nuclear reactor. The urani- who cannot afford it. In his hometown enforcing a busing program opposed um the French provided for that reactor . . . was 93 percent enriched-the fissile materi- h~ mmistered to many elderly and m- by every segment of that city's popula­ al for making bombs. The chemical facilities digent, free of charge.. tion and this Congress. The Justice the Italians provided were exactly the facili- He reported. to President Johnson on Department has been using taxpayers' ties required to turn that into the plutoni- health care m Southeast Asia after money to support and extend Judge um required to make bombs. traveling to Vietnam during the Battisti's tyranny. But on November September 17, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 21113 . 13, when the Senate voted to deny younger population, and by the year ices to millions of patients each year pre­ funds to the Justice Department to 2000, there will be almost 32 million venting, postponing and limiting the need push busing, the roll was called and elderly, and from then on the numbers for institutionalization: Now, therefore, be many in the other body voted against and proportion of the elderly will rise it Resolved. by the Senate and. House of Rep­ the people. They voted for Judge Bat­ sharPlY as the baby-boom population resentatives of the United. States of America tisti, and against Cleveland. Fortu­ matures. In addressing the health care in Congress assembled., That the week be­ nately, the Senate witnessed 61 votes needs of the elderly population, home ginning October 4, 1981, hereby is designat­ to break the probusing filibuster. The health care has been recognized far ed "National Home Health Care Week", and people won yesterday. and wide as an effective and economi­ the President of the United States is au­ The lesson of the 1980 landslide was cal alternative to unnecessary institu­ thorized and requested to issue a prociama­ simple: You can no longer vote against tionalization. At present, there are ap­ tion calling upon the people of the United the people while serving here in Con­ proximately 5 percent or about 1.2 States to observe such week with appropri­ gress and expect them to vote for you million persons 65 years of age and ate ceremonies and activities.e at election time. I was embarrassed to older that reside in various types of in­ note that it was not only Democrats stitutions. These statistics represent TURKEY IS MAKING A who ignored this lesson in the Novem­ an estimated $10 million being spent CONTRIBUTION TO PEACE ber 13 vote. The leader of the probus­ in each year for institutionalization, ing forces was a liberal Republican, and reports by the General Account­ who insisted that to oppose busing was ing Office have supported the opinions HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ somehow a violation of the 1964 Civil of many health care authorities that OPNEWYORK Rights Act, which specifically con- approximately 25 percent of the pa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES demns busing. . tient population is treated in facilities Thursday, September 17, 1981 In every State in the Union, the excessive to their need. The current overwhelming majority opposes economic realities make it imperative • Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, I would busing. These gentlemen have chosen that we maximize the utilization of like to call to the attention of my col­ to forget that. It will be interesting to scarce Federal resources. This situa­ leagues a brief but important article see, over the next few years, whether tion points to the need to avoid the ex­ which recently appeared in the New the voters choose to forgive them pending of Federal resources for un­ York Times entitled "Turkish Leader again.e necessary institutionalization. in Plea for Peace with Greece." In a Oddly enough, in view of the budget speech delivered last week at a Libera­ reductions that we in Congress have tion Day celebration in Izmir, Gen. PERSONAL ANNOUNCEMENT enacted over the past few years, provi­ Kenan Evren, the chief of the Nation­ sions have been enacted which expand al Security Council and the head of HON. DAN MARRIOIT Federal benefits for home health care. state, stated that Turkey "does not OF UTAH I think this is a positive sign, and I be­ claim an inch of its neighbors' land." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lieve Congress is realizing that home He stressed his desire for peace with health care can be a cost-effective ap­ Greece, and expressed his hope that Thursday, September 17, 1981 the Aegean Sea "not • • • be a sea of e Mr. MARRIO'IT. Mr. Speaker, I proach in meeting the health care needs of older Americans. enmity but a sea of peace, which ap­ was unable to be present on the floor proaches and binds us to each other." of the House of Representatives yes­ Since the passage of Federal pro­ grams which allowed for patients to This conciliatory statement is just terday for rollcall Nos. 206 and 207. the latest in a series of positive actions Had I been present I would have voted receive health care in-home, home health care agencies have increased that Turkey has taken in the past few "yea" on both H.J. Res. 325, continu­ months to promote stability in the ing appropriations for fiscal year 1982, from less than 500 to more than 3,000. Studies have been initiated to try and eastern Mediterranean. Turkey agreed and H.R. 4241, military construction to arrangements that allowed Greece appropriations for fiscal year 1982.e obtain data to indicate the cost savings attributed to in-home care, but no to return to NATO's military com­ hard statistics are available. Surely, mand. Turkey has also strongly en­ NATIONAL HOME HEALTH CARE though, the desire to remain at home couraged the Turkish Cypriots to be WEEK is a choice that many elderly persons forthcoming in the ongoing intercom­ in need of health care will choose. I munal talks in Cyprus. Only last HON. LEON E. PANEITA applaud those home health care agen­ month, the Turkish Cypriots came cies that are making the choice of forward with an important new pro­ OF CALIFORNIA posal that could prove to be the basis IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES home health care an available option. I urge your support of this resolution. for resolving the differences between Thursday, September 17, 1981 the Greek and Turkish Cypriot com­ H.J. RES. 332 - • Mr. P ANE'ITA. Mr. Speaker, today Whereas organized home health care serv­ munities. I am introducing a resolution along ices to the elderly and disabled have existed Within Turkey itself, the Evren gov­ with Representative BARBER CoNABLE, in this country since the last quarter of the ernment has taken strong and effec­ to designate the week beginning Octo­ 18th century; tive measures to eliminate the sense­ ber 4, 1981, as "National Home Health Whereas home health care is recognized less violence and terrorism that had Care Week." The home health indus­ as an effective and economical alternative to taken thousands of lives and caused unnecessary institutionalization; havoc in the economy. In the more try has become a vital and important Whereas caring for the ill and disabled in element in our Nation's health care their homes places emphasis on the dignity stable climate that now prevails, system, and I think this resolution is and independence of the individual receiv­ Turkey has made substantial progress, an appropriate way to recognize the ing these services; including reducing its inflation rate contributions and encourage further Whereas since the enactment of the Medi­ from over 100 percent to an estimated development of home health care. care program including skilled nursing serv­ level of 40 to 50 percent. Clearly, the I am sure that my colleagues are ices, physical therapy, speech therapy, stronger Turkey is economically, the aware that we face a crisis with re­ social services, occupational therapy, and more able it will be to play its essen­ home health aide services, the number of tial role within NATO. spect to developing cost-effective, home health agencies providing these serv­ humane, long-term care for our older ices has increased from less than 500 to Finally, I would be remiss If I did citizens. This need has never been more than 3,000; and not point out the Turkish Govern­ greater. The 65-and-over population Whereas many private and charitable or­ ment's commitment to democracy. continues to grow faster than the ganizations provide these and similar serv- General Evren and other senior Turk- 21114 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1981 ish officials have repeatedly indicated with a secret classification. Viktor, Please use your influence to prevent these their intention to return Turkey to ci­ consequently, lost his job as a commu­ proposed bills from being adopted. vilian rule as soon as possible. nications engineer and he and Bat­ Sincerely, In view of all of these encouraging sheva have been subjected to contin­ (Mrs. HENRY W.) FRANCES S. BRYAN•• developments, I believe it is entirely ued harassment because of their desire appropriate that the administration to emigrate to the free world. USDA KIDDIE CUISINE has requested a substantial increase in I have written to Mr. Jack Matlock, aid to Turkey. Whereas the United Charg d'Affaires at the American Em­ States provided a total of $450 million bassy in Moscow and to Anatoly Do­ HON. WILUAM D. FORD in aid to Turkey in fiscal year 1981- brynin, Ambassador to the United OF MICHIGAN $250 million in military aid and $200 States from the Soviet Union express­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES million in economic support fund as­ ing my deep concern about the emigra­ Thursday, September 17, 1981 sistance-the administration has pro­ tion and political persecution of the posed that this amount be increased to Yelistratovs. The State Department is • Mr. FORD of Michigan. Mr. Speak­ $700 million in fiscal year 1982, includ­ aware of the Yelistratov's situation er, the budget reconciliation process ing $400 million in military aid and and they are on their list of persons forced us to make some very difficult $300 million in economic support fund who have been denied emigration on choices. One of the most far-reaching assistance. The United States certainly numerous occasions. I am hopeful that of those was carried out by the House has an important interest in assisting through these efforts and through the Committee on Education and Labor in Turkey's economic recovery, and I efforts of this Congress that families slashing the authorizations of many of therefore urge my colleagues to sup­ such as the Yelistratovs will be able to the child nutrition programs. The port these higher aid levels when they emigrate freely to the Western world. summer cuts have brought about ac­ vote on the foreign aid bill later this I encourage all of my colleagues to celerating costs forcing local schools to month: participate in this Congressional Vigil charge as much as $1.20 per lunch. [From the New York Times, Thursday, for Soviet Jews in the hope that this Now, to bring about still more "sav­ Sept. 10, 19811 vigil will have a positive effect on ings," the administration is proposing TuRKISH LEADER IN PLEA FOR PEACE WITH human rights in the Soviet Union.e a regulatory plan of reduced portion GREECE sizes and diminished dietary stand­ ANKARA, Sept. 9.-Gen. Kenan Evren, the ards. While I can support a child nu­ chief of state, declared today that Turkey MONEY MARKET FUNDS trition plan which gives local school "does not claim an inch of its neighbors' districts more flexibility, I do not land" and wants to live in peace with HON. CARROLL HUBBARD, Jr. think it should be instituted at the ex­ Greece. OF KENTUCKY pense of our children's health. Speaking at Izmir, during Liberation Day IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I am looking forward to participat­ celebrations, marking the 59th anniversary ing in the debate now before the Sub­ of the defeat of the Greek forces by Kemal Thursday, September 17, 1981 Ataturk, General Evren said: "We would committee on Elementary, Secondary, like this Aegean Sea before us, and where • Mr. HUBBARD. Mr. Speaker, in ref­ and Vocational Education on these the two countries have common interests, erence to the debate regarding money meal pattern changes. 'u is my hope not to be a sea of enmity but a sea of peace, market mutual funds and whether or that the administration will be wlliing which approaches and binds us to each not they should be restricted, Mrs. to accept the subcommittee's recom­ other." Henry W. Bryan of 618 Kathleen mendations on the regulations which His speech appeared to be a signal of sup­ Avenue, Louisville, Ky., has written to are worth keeping and those which port for Greece's governing New Democracy me expressing her opposition to two would merely swap economic advan­ Party and a warning to the Socialist opposi­ tion party, known as Pasok, in advance of bills which would restrict the use of tage for sound nutritional standards. Greek general elections on Oct. 18. these funds. With your permission, I Ellen Goodman outlines very well General Evren said that "foreign powers" would like to insert in the RECORD, the dilemma we face in our review of and "some internal forces, even some politi­ Mrs. Bryan's remarks on this issue these proposed standards. Her article cians acting parallel, with the foreign now facing Members of Congress. The appeared in the Washington Post on powers," were responsible for actions aimed letter follows: Tuesday, September 15, 1981, and it at promoting hostility between· Greece and DEAR MR. HUBBARD: appears below. Turkey. In Turkey, the term "foreign Two bills which will place restrictions on REAGAN'S NoUVELLE CUISINE FOR KIDS powers" is generally a euphemism for the money market funds have recently been in­ Communist bloc or the Soviet Union itself.e troduced in the House of Representatives. They are H.R. 1916, introduced by Con­ BosToN.-The luncheon was arranged gressman Jim Leach, and H.R. 2591, intro­ rather neatly. A discreet4 hamburger-sat on THE PLIGHT OF VIKTOR AND duced by Congressman Walter Fauntroy. h~f a roll. Six longish· -French fries lay BATSHEVA YELISTRATOV I consider these two bills anti-competitive beside it. Nin~ green ~es lolled ·nearby. and contrary to the American system of free To the side stood half a glass of m.llk. HON. STAN PARRIS enterprise. The funds make important con­ It sounded to me like some forlorn menu for overweight executives. But it wasn't. It OF VIRGINIA tributions to American investors and our entire economy. was, rather, a prototype of a school lunch, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES For the first time in our history, Ameri­ or what may remain of it, after the budget Thursday, September 17, 1981 cans of diverse economic backgrounds have cuts. equal access to the highest available money We are about to see the full-fledged Nou­ e Mr. PARRIS. Mr. Speaker, I am market returns. Formerly, only those with a velle Reagan Cuisine for Kiddies. Higher honored today to participate in the minimum of $100,000 have had that advan­ costs and smaller portions. No stars, ple·ase. Congressional Vigil for Soviet Jews tage. Isn't this economic discrimination? As you may have heard, dinner wjth the this year in an effort that I hope will The funds are a great incentive to save Reagans in the White House has definitely assist families and individuals who money and are inflation fighters, especially improved these days. When the Reagans wish to emigrate from the Soviet for widows with modest estates such as I. dine with the Anwar Sadats on the federal Union to the country of their choice. Over $100 billion invested in money market tab, they eat smoked fillet of mountain I call the attention of my colleagues funds contributes to meeting America's cap­ trout, ··a ,roast supreme of duckling a !'or­ ital needs. Why take this away? ange, a touch of wild rice with raisins, a bit to the plight of Viktor and Batsheva I do not have a lobby as do the banks and of Brie and chevre, followed by the palate­ Yelistratov. The Yelistratovs first ap­ saving and loan associations. But, I am one cleansing melon glace and fresh raspberries. plied for exist visas in 1972 and were of the approximate 6 million Americans But under Reagan, lunch in the school denied by the Soviet Government on who are angry and frustrated by the influ­ cafeteria is quite another affair: an ounce­ the grounds that Viktor held a job ence of the powerful lobbies in Washington. and-a-half of meat or meat alternatives, a September 17, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 21115 half-cup of fruit and vegetables, one serving HONORING THE LOS ANGELES As we examine the issues responsible of bread, six ounces of milk. Yummy in the BICENTENNIAL for this dilemma, let us first address empty tummy. the safety factor. The NRC has re­ FRAC, the Food Research and Action J. viewed almost every conceivable aspect Centers, cooked up the lean-and-hungry HON. CARLOS MOORHEAD lunch described above, by carefully follow­ OF CALIFORNIA of the plant during its 8-year review. ing the new proposals that have come out of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Before approving the plant, the Com­ the Department of Agriculture. Wednesday, September 16, 1981 mission conducted numerous studies According to FRAC's Nancy Amidei, the e Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, I and public hearings on the effect of Agriculture people were assigned the task of want to thank the gentleman from the nearby Hosgri Fault. Incredibly cutting fat from the budget "without im­ exhaustive records and inquires have pairing the nutritional value of the meals." California for calling this special order on behalf of the city of Los Angeles been made regarding earthquake activ­ But they ended up cutting food. ity over the past million years, and the Under the old requirements, more food and its residents as the celebration of was served to older grammar-school kids the city's 200th birthday comes to an plant has been built to withstand the than younger ones. But under the proposed end. greatest possible quake. The hearing new rules, the 11-year-olds will get the same As a native son of the area, I have a record alone on this plant is over amount of meat and vegetables as the 5- great affection for the city and an 100,000 pages. · year-olds. Even the bread and milk are cut, active interest in its continued growth The need for this plant is apparent from eight pieces a week to five, from eight and prosperity. Los Angeles is a grand upon an examination of the economic ounces a day to six. community with a history as festive issues involved. Consumers in Califor­ The other changes in rules are even more and colorful as the city is today. No nia already pay electrical bills 30 per­ curious. Ketchup and pickles now qualify as metropolis in the Nation can boast of vegetables; tofu now qualifies as a meat; and any special. school can put its eggs in a cake instead of The city of Angels is unique in its pendence on oil. The operation of the on a plate. people, in its industry, in its geogra­ two Diablo Canyon units would elimi­ According to Amidei, the lunches would phy, in its climate and in its lifestyle. nate the use of 57,000 barrels daily supply less than one-third of the daily nu­ and would reduce consumers' electric tritional value and only 17 percent of the Throughout its life, this unique mix­ calories needed. "We feel this is compromis­ ture of traits has made it a romatic bills $5 billion in the next 5 years ing children's health," she says flatly. and magic place. alone. The motto of the Nouvelle Reagan Cui­ I believe as we look toward the be­ Further delays, as we examine what sine-"Eat Light and Like lt"-would be ginning of the city's third century, we undoubtedly would be a series of un­ fine for the statesmen passing up the Brie. should commit again to working to­ ending questions raised by those who But the Department of Agriculture's own gether in a spirit of charity and opti­ are opposed philosophically to the use study shows that poor kids get anywhere mism for the future well-being of the of nuclear power, could have serious from one-third to one-half of all their daily city and its residents. Failure to do so nutrients from school lunch. adverse consequences. would be to abandon those virtues of The Department of Energy esti­ Of the 27 million children who eat school the past that made the city what it is lunches, 12.6 million get a free or reduced today. mates that electrical reserve margins rate. If the meal shrinks just when food Again, I want to thank the gentle­ will be extremely low throughout the stamps are being cut and food prices are on man from California, Mr. DIXON, for West for the remainder of the decade. the rise, these kids can't make up the differ­ Even with Diablo Canyon, a drought ence at home. inviting me to participate in this spe­ cial order honoring the Los Angeles which affects our hydroelectric capac­ There is also a social effect of the Nou­ ity could very ·well mean that our velle Reagan Cuisine, Middle-class parents, BicentenniaL• who pay the full amount for lunch, are lights will not work. This possibility going to balk at paying more for a snack. As already has made industry extremely a 10-year-old visitor to FRAC said when she DIABLO CANYON skittish about settling in California. spied the prototype meal, "Yuk! Where's Those companies already here, espe­ the rest of it?" HON. NORMAN D. SHUMWAY cially in the Santa Clara Valley and In our house, after the price went up last OF CALIFORNIA bay area, are expressing increasing week, the brown bags came back. But if IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES concerns over the availability of ade­ these proposals are approved, there could be Thursday, September 17, 1981 a national two-track lunchroom, with only quate electrical supplies in the future. the poorest students going through a highly e Mr. SHUMWAY. Mr. Speaker, the If something is not done to alleviate stigmatized free-lunch line. The end result current attempt to occupy Diablo these concerns, we could be facing an of that is higher costs, fewer schools in the Canyon reflects the well-meaning but economic and social disaster. system, and a program goes on the skids. misguided concern of certain environ­ When we recognize that the safety There is the taste of irony sprinkled over mentalists and other antinuclear resi­ issues have been thoroughly examined all this food talk. The lunch program start­ dents. The time has come to distin­ by leading authorities and contem­ ed back in 1946 because of the military. guish between emotional reaction and During World War II, the draft board had plate, if we can, the consequences of to reject an enormous number of men suf­ logical facts. inadequate electrical supplies, we fering from poor nutrition. When the As the nuclear energy debate drags cannot allow a small group of antinu­ School Lunch Act was passed in 1946, they on-and the energy crunch contin­ clear activists to thwart illegally the wrote: "It is declared to be the policy of ues-California faces a potential di­ operation of a plant which is neces­ Congress as a measure of national security lemma. On the one hand, we have our to safeguard the health and well-being of insatiable energy needs which, if not sary for the greater good. the nation's children." addressed in timely fashion, will affect Diablo Canyon is in compliance with Today we have another administration our economic well-being. On the other the current rigidly high safety stand­ that is worried about the Army, worried hand, our concerns for the environ­ ards and it can save us huge sums each that an Army of illiterates will end up oper­ ment and human life have led us to year. Let's get on with it.e ating sophisticated multi-billion dollar mili­ tary equipment. But as Amidei notes, "At demand that every justifiable safety this rate we'll have an Army of anemic illit­ precaution be taken before allowing a erates.'' nuclear reactor to operate. Have these If the Reagans will pass me a glass of sometimes competing considerations their Domaine Chandon Blanc de Noir, I'll been resolved correctly in the case of drink to that.e Diablo Canyon? I think so. 21116 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1981 DANGER OF OPPOSING SOUTH abide by their reciprocal obligations, such as ROULHAC HAMILTON AFRICA'S RUGBY TEAM those undertaken in the Helsinki accord." "These are no more than we demand of any state," Gen. Haig pointed out, "and HON. CHALMERS P. WYUE HON. LARRY McDONALD these are no less than required by the oFomo OF GEORGIA United Nations Charter and international IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES law." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, September 17, 1981 Thursday, September 17, 1981 He also pointed out that "the most per­ sistent troubles in U.S.-Soviet relations arise e Mr. WYLIE. Mr. Speaker, the death e Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, the from Soviet intervention in regional con­ of Roulhac Hamilton was noted in the campaign of protest against sporting flicts, aggravating tensions and hampering Washington Post today, which re­ events that involve South African ath­ the search for peaceful solutions. Unless we minded me that I want to express pub­ letes demonstrates the depth to which can come to grips with this dimension of Soviet behavior, everything else in our bilat­ licly my personal feeling of loss on the South Africa's enemies stoop. Do we eral relationship will be undermined . . ." passing of a good friend and my really expect to promote peaceful Although our Secretary of State adopted former, very valued employee. change and true progress in a friendly a tough stance in his speech, which had Roulhac Hamilton was one of the country by taking a~ at its rugby been reviewed prior to delivery by both the truly great newspaper writers I have football players? Those who support White House and the Department of De­ ever known. He could take what would the campaigns to isolate South Africa fense, he called no names and made no un­ otherwise be a very routine news story are not supporting true progress; they supported charges. In the long run and and make it seem exciting, momen­ are supporting knowingly or unknow­ after finding face-saving ways to appear to tous, and informative. One such story ingly, the foreign policy goals of the the world, the realists in the Kremlin can live with the foreign policy announced for comes to mind when our daughter Soviet Union. the U.S. Let's hope that there are still real­ Jackie represented Ohio as its Cherry Therefore, I oppose this motion to ists there.e Blossom Princess. His colorful report­ condemn the rugby tour and would ing of the various events including the draw your attention to the fact that selection of the Ohio float as the best the campaign against the American REVENUE RULING 81-216 in the parade that year was creative appearances of the Springbok team is and meaningful, especially to our being coordinated by some of the most HON.THOMASJ.DOWNEY family. active support groups for the Soviet­ After Roulhac's retirement from the trained revolutionary terrorists in OF NEW YORK Columbus Dispatch in 1976, I asked South Africa.e IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES him to come to work for me as my Thursday, September 17, 1981 press aide. It was a rare privilege to work with a man as talented as Roul­ SUPPORT FOR HAIG'S TOUGH e Mr. DOWNEY. Mr. Speaker, today I STANCE hac and one who was certainly skilled am introducing a bill which will delay in his profession. the implementation of IRS Revenue Following his graduation from the HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO Ruling 81-216 which severally limits University of North Carolina in 1932, OF CALIFORNIA the use of multiple lots of small issue Roulhac worked as a reporter for the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES revenue bonds of less than $1,000,000. Raleigh, N.C., News and Observer and Thursday, September 17, 1981 Issues structured in this manner are for the Charleston, S.C., News and used in my State and others to provide Courier. With the outbreak of World e Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, loans for small- and medium-sized a recent editorial in the Lompoc War II, he enlisted in the Marines and businesses. This translates to more became a combat correspondent, filing Record, a respected newspaper in my jobs. With interest rates as high as district, expresses its support for the stories from such noted battle sites as they are, I do not want to cut off any Guam and Iwo Jima before being tough stance Secretary of State Haig mechanism which may help these adopted for United States-Soviet rela­ transferred to Tientsen, China. businesses. At the conclusion of World War II, tions. As the editorial points out, Sec­ I want to make it clear, however, retary Haig laid out a specific, and Roulhac came to Washington, D.C., that this bill is being introduced to where he worked as a correspondent meaningful, approach for improving provide time for wider discussion of relations between our two countries. for a number of out-of-town newspa­ the issue. I want to preserve the good pers and radio stations. In Washing­ As the Lompoc Record states, it is "A programs but I do not want to protect policy of reason." ton, he established Hamilton-Means abusive ones. I know of successful pro­ Associates, an independent news serv­ A POLICY OF REASON grams in New York State, New Jersey, ice. When the Columbus Dispatch set Only supporters of the concept of "Soviet Connecticut, and Missouri. These up a Washington bureau, Roulhac was hegemony" can rationally take issue with would be disallowed under the ruling. Secretary of State Alexander Haig's pro­ hired as bureau chief and chief corre­ gram for improving relations between the My intent is to provide an opportu­ spondent. United States and the Soviet Union. That nity for Members to enter the debate, Following his retirement from the does not mean that there will not be many to find out what programs exist in Dispatch in 1976, Roulhac agreed to who attack it. There is seldom much ration­ their States, and for Congress to dis­ join my staff. He displayed a remarka­ ality these days in forei.gn affairs. Too often cuss the issue further with the Inter­ ble writing ability and acute insight such emotions as fear, greed and pride pre­ nal Revenue Service before valuable into congressional affairs. Roulhac vent rational thought. jobs programs are eliminated. General Haig offered the Soviet Union worked for me until deteriorating four "incentives" which would result from The IRS has drawn the ruling too health made it impossible for him to changes in its international wheeling and widely. During the moratorium period continue his duties in May of this dealing. The incentives include a reduction prescribed by this bill, I am sure we year. He died on Friday, September 11 in world tensions, a benefit to all nations; will be able to work out a more equita­ in the National Orthopaedic Hospital diplomatic alternatives to the pursuit of vio­ ble rule which will protect public pur­ in Arlington, Va. lent change; fair and balanced agreement on pose issues and curb those motivated Roulhac and his wife, Lillian, arxns control; and the possibility of western only by greed for they may indeed trade and technology. became good friends of my wife, MarJo­ From the Kremlin, he said, the U.S. wants exist. rie, and me. Roulhac will be missed by "greater Soviet restraint on the use of I look forward to receiving cospon­ us. We extend our heartfelt sympathy force . . . greater Soviet respect for the i.n­ sors from the many States affected by and condolences to his lovely wife, Lil­ dependence of others . . . the Soviets to this unwise revenue ruling.e lian, and to his daughter, Fay Hamil- September 17, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 21117 ton Gwynn of Decatur, Ga.; his broth­ The condominium craze that has swept "In treating every apartment house as a er, Dr. Alfred T. Hamilton of Raleigh, Washington and its suburbs in recent years . condo [the assessor], is forgetting that if ev­ N.C.; his grandchildren, John H. and has created a serious housing prpblem in eryone of these properties came on the many communities, as elderly ana moder­ market at the same time then you couldn't Stacy Ann Gwynn; and his several ate-income tenants find themselves forced get any price for them at all," said Gilbert nieces and ~ephews.e out of their apartments. Maryland, Mont­ Hahn, Jr., attorney for Charles E. Smith, the gomery County in particular, has enacted developer of Crystal City and a major Ar­ legislation to protect tenants. But in Virgin­ lington landowner who is appealing the new CONDOMINIUM CONVERSION ia the power of local government is limited. assessments on seven large buildings. FUELS INFLATION and relatively few restrictions are placed on But the more serious question-apparent­ condominium developers. In Arlington, ly out of the hands of assessors and local HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL which has so far lost 20 percent of its rental government-is the question of penalizing OF NEW YORK stock to condos, the new higher assessments landlords who have not converted their IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES come at a particularly difficult time. buildings to condominiums, particularly "It's causing a serious problem," said those who now provide the remaining mod­ Thursday, September 17, 1981 County Board Chairman Stephen Detwiler. erate-income apartments. e Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, I "It can only encourage landlords to sell to "This has a tendency to encourage just rise to bring to my colleagues' atten­ condo converters. It may not be the only the thing that a government oughtn't to en­ factor, but it is one more contributing courage," Hahn said, "If people have to pay tion another example of how the pro­ factor." real estate taxes as though they were condo­ liferation of condominium conversion "We feel that those projects that wish to miniums, then there's a tendency to say, contributes to the inflationary cycle in continue renting are being penalized," said 'Fine, let's make them condominiums.' " the housing market. Elliott Burka, manager of the Fillmore Gar­ For most of the landlords hit by high as­ On September 16, 1981, the Wash­ dens, where the assessed value jumped from sessments, the actual dollar increase in the ington Post reported on the effects of $7.9 million to $11.2 million. tax bill this year is low. cushioned in part by a Virginia State law which mandates "They either have to pass it on to the ten­ a drop this year in the county tax rate from that real estate be assessed, for prop­ ants and raise rents or convert," said Hugh $1.12 to $.96 per $100 valuation. Cregger, attorney for the Fillmore. "It's For tenants, the higher tax bills have erty tax purposes, according to its Catch-22." meant only small rent increases. For exam­ highest and best use. Thus, under this The sudden assessment increases came ple, the higher taxes were responsible for law a rental apartment complex would about this year after the Arlington assessor about $3.10 of an average $50 rent increase be assessed at its higher market value began to appraise apartment complexes on at the 1,318-unit Barcroft Apartments, ac­ as a condominium, rather than as a the basis of prices paid in recent years for cording to the tax assessor's calculations. rental building. buildings bought for condominium conver­ Although Barcroft president Thomas De­ This law, in effect, provides new in­ sion. The traditional method of valuing Lashmutt said the added tax burden will centive for building owners to convert rental property relies on the income pro­ not be the deciding factor on the future of duced by rents. the complex, it doesn't help. rental buildings as well as to increase By relying on recent Sales data, the asses­ "I understand the assessor's position. the cost of converted units and contin­ sor's office insisted it is conforming to a They're just following the law," said De­ ue the displacement of those persons state law requiring that property be as­ Lashmutt, "but what concerns me is what who do not have either the financial sessed according to its "highest and best happens next year-when they look at the means or the inclination to purchase a use." And if a market is created that direct­ prices apartments are going for this year." condominium apartment. Alternative­ ly tests the value of a property-such as a The dilemma posed by taxing rental ly, if the owner refuses the temptation concentration of building sales for condo­ apartments at condominium prices is com­ to convert his building, his only re­ minium conversions-then the assessor is parable to the problem of taxing farmland obligated to follow the market trends. The around high development areas. In the course is to increase his tenants' rents apartment assessments are based on the early 1970s, Virginia and other states moved to cover the higher tax assessments. market value of a comparable building to protect farmland from higher assess­ Either way, consumers lose out to es­ about to be sold to a condominium develop­ ments by allowing farmers to pay lower calating inflation. er. taxes, provided they agreed not to develop The disastrous effects of this par­ So far, the phenomenon of skyrocketing the land. ticular State law illustrates the abso­ increases in apartment values is limited to Arlington is not looking at similar reme­ lute necessity for Federal regulation Arlington. Other assessors in Washington dies for apartments that agree to stay in the of the conversion fever now spreading and its suburbs said they still rely on the rental market. "We all recognize that income-producing method of calculating the garden apartments are facing a squeeze," throughout the country. I urge each value of rental apartments. "It's our policy said County board member John Milliken. of my colleagues to closely examine to value on current zoning and use, not "We would like to find any way we can to the two bills I recently introduced to what it could be," said Robert L. Rudnik, encourage their retention as garden apart­ remedy the national crisis caused by state supervisor of assessments in Montgom­ ments.'' condominium-cooperative conversions: ery County. "We have a community goal of preserving H.R. 3840 and H.R. 3841. But several assessors said they might be moderate-income housing," said County The Washington Post article follows: forced to appraise apartments by compara­ Board member Ellen Bozman, "That has to [From the Washington Post, Sept. 16, 19811 ble sales if their communities experience be highest on our list."e the same rush of condominium conversions APARTMENT-TAXEs So.\a -To CoNDO RATES IN seen in Arlington. "If apartment buildings ARLINGTON in my region are being gobbled up for con­ GARY HYMEL dominiums, then that's going to be my Arlington has become the first Washing­ market," said Fred Byrne, senior appraiser HON •. FRANK HORTON ton area municipality to tax most rental in the Alexandria assessor's office, where al­ apartment complexes at higher condomini­ ready some smaller apartment buildings are OF NEW YORK um values, making it still more costly for valued according to recent sales. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES landlords to resist the profits of condomini­ "It's a disastrous course to take," said Wednesday, September 16, 1981 um conversion. John O'Neill, vice president of the local The change, which is mandated by state Apartment and Office Building Association. e Mr. HORTON. Mr. Speaker, it is a law, has increased assessments on some Ar­ "What [the Arlington assessor] has done is pleasure to join my colleague from lington rental apartments between 30 and open the door, and sooner or later all asses­ Louisiana, Congresswoman BoGGs in 47 percent, compared with an average 18 sors are going to pass through the same paying tribute to one of the House's percent rise in county assessments this year. door." most dedicated and effective staff Some landlords said they will take the Attorneys for the landlords oppose Arling­ members, Gary Hymel. county assessor to court, while county poli­ ton's approach, arguing that rental proper­ ticians who said they are powerless to stop ties are not actually comparable to buildings Keeping the wheels of Government the trend are considering going to the state sold for condominium conversion. They oiled, and maintaining the steady and legislature for special tax breaks for apart­ point out that not all apartments are legally predictable flow of legislation is a task ment owners. or economically ready for conversion. virtually beyond· the ability of any one 21118 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1981 single individual. Having said that, I ment by becoming one of its earliest taxes do not equal economic prosperi­ think we can all agree that Gary came cosponsors. She also served on the ty, instead they equal high interest very close indeed to accomplishing this House Post Office and Civil Service rates and further economic hardship in his many years of service. As a key Committee. for the American people. member of the majority whip's office, She decided not to seek reelection in It is time for the ·administration, the the majority leader's office and finally 1962. The House's loss was President the Speaker's office, Gary Hymel dem­ Federal Reserve Board, and the busi­ Kennedy's gain, for in 1963 he ap­ ness community to stop this game of onstrated an uncanny ability to make pointed her Deputy Assistant Secre­ this institution run "relatively" tary of State for Cultural Affairs. The economic hot potato. The American smoothly. It was with regret that we country she loved would continue to people will not be fooled by this ploy, heard of his decision to leave the Hill. benefit from Catherine Norrell's and they are seeing proof that the Nevertheless, I join my many col­ unique combination of gifts. arithmetic of Reaganomics just does leagues in wishing Gary well.e In 1969 she retired as director of the not add up.e State Department Reception in Hono­ IN MEMORY OF FORMER CON- lulu, a post she had been appointed to by President Johnson. While there, ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN GRESSWOMAN CATHERINE SOCIETY NORRELL she gained another distinction by being elected the first woman deacon in the Baptist Church in Hawaii. The HON. DANIEL B. CRANE HON. GILLIS W. LONG last portion of her rich working life OF LOUISIANA was devoted to chairing the music de­ OF ILLINOIS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES partment at Arkansas A. & M. College. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, September 15, 1981 Catherine Norrell's long and illustri­ Thursday, September 17, 1981 • Mr. LONG of Louisiana. Mr. Speak­ ous life could serve as a model for all er, I want to join the numbers of my of us, men and women. When someone e Mr.DANIELB.CRANE.Mr.Speaker, distinguished colleagues in commemo­ we love and admire dies, as Thornton I recently received the following letter · rating the truly remarkable life of Wilder has written, the highest tribute from the Reverend Jerry L. Klug, Catherine Dorris Norrell. we can by them "is not grief but grati­ pastor of Grace Lutheran Church, It was in her capacity as Deputy As­ tude.''• Paris, Ill. At a time of controversy over sistant Secretary of State for Cultural budget cuts and the role of the Feder­ Affairs under President Kennedy that INTEREST RATES al Government in society, his com­ my wife, Cathy, and I first had the ments cut through the rhetoric and pleasure of meeting Catherine Norrell. express what I have found to be the It was a privilege and a delight to HON. NICK JOE RAHALL II overwhelming sentiment of the resi­ know her. The gift for valuing others OF WEST VIRGINIA dents of Illinois' 22d Congressional runs in the Norrell family, and our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES District to take over whatever fed­ Member of Congress from Arkansas It is no surprise that the business eral programs that would be feasible. In­ from 1939 to his death in February community foresees problems for the stead of a tax cut, allow us to send a portion 1961. During this 22-year period, Cath­ Reagan economic program, because of our taxes directly to the local unit. erine served in her husband's office as their share to the FederaJ revenue The advantages of such a system would be his staff assistant. When a special base is declining. . the continuation of needed social programs election was called after his death, In 1950, 30.5 percent of Federal reve­ with less framework, more flexibility, and less abuse. The result would be less cost. We Catherine Norrell's experience, enthu­ nue came from corporate income can no longer afford "free" federal aid, but siasm, and capabilities won her the taxes. It fell to 16 percent in 1970, and we can afford to do these jobs ourselves. right to sit in her husband's seat in 12.4 percent this year. By 1986, it will More responsibility will make better citi­ Congress by a hands-down, 2-to-1 drop to 8.1 percent, due to the admin­ zens. margin of votes. istration's tax cut plan. Thank you, Congresswoman Norrell put herself The promises of lower inflation, JERRY L. KLUG.e solidly behind the equal rights amend- higher defense spending, and reduced September 17, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 21119 AMERICAN LIBERALS CAN TAKE tooth and nail against a Castro-supported nessed torture, but I will not mention the CREDIT FOR ELIMINATION OF Marxist revolution. names of persons who were tortured, be­ HUMAN RIGHTS IN NICARA­ Thanks largely to that cutoff, the Marx­ cause it might cause the authorities to GUA ists came to power, installing the present abuse them even more." Sandinista government. And, immediately, "Repression and torture" have also been the subject of "human rights" in Nicaragua charged to the Sandinista account by Jose HON.JOHNM.ASHBROOK was no longer fashionable. The Washington Esteban Gonzalez, who heads the Nicara­ OF OHIO Post and others who had backed the Sandi­ nista takeover told us "democracy" was guan Commission on Human Rights re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES being restored in Nicaragua, while the ferred to by Arguello. Gonzalez says there Thursday, September 17, 1981 Carter Administration and its congressional are 8,000 political prisoners in the country, 800 people who have disappeared, and hun­ e Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, I supporters moved to give the Sandinistas $75 million of U.S. money. dreds of cases of killing and torture. He dis­ can well remember the criticism While all this was going on, we now know, putes the Sandinista alibi that the execu­ launched at the Somoza government the Sandinistas were systematically slaugh­ tions occurred because of postrevolutionary in Nicaragua by some of my liberal tering prisoners, extinguishing freedom of turmoil. "These executions were not a prod­ friends in this body. Those critical the press, setting up brainwashing centers uct of popular fury," he said, "but rather voices are strangely silent now that manned by Cubans, and locking up thou­ were carried out in prisons whose chiefs are the Marxist Sandinistas have seized sands of political opponents. That all of this perfectly identifiable." control of the Nicaraguan Govern­ occurred is now denied by virtually no one, For making these statements, Gonzalez ment. Have all of those human rights including Karen de Young of the Post-by was imprisoned by the Sandinista govern­ violations ceased since the Marxist all odds the Sandinistas' chief promoter in ment and released only after he allegedly the major media. signed a letter retracting the charges and takeover? Does freedom now reign in In a recent write-up of an OAS report on Nicaragua? Hardly. "recognizing his errors." it has no real effect. A judge and exclusive jurisdiction of the Fed­ nition through that State shall be null who feels that a serious offense should eral courts both as a robbery within and void so long as the transportation be punished by 6 months imprison­ the special maritime and territorial ju­ is in interstate commerce through ment would simply give 6-months-plus risdiction of the United States <18 such State, when such firearm is un­ probation on the underlying charge, U.S.C. § 2111> and as a robbery of a loaded and not readily accessible. This . plus probation on this second, sup­ bank <18 u.s.c. § 2113). is designed to protect legitimate hun­ posedly mandatory, term of imprison­ The memorandum's final criticism ters and sportsmen who occasionally ment. of the bill in this area is that the man­ must pass through a restrictive gun Under my bill, whoever uses any datory sentence would not apply to law State in order to get to another firearm or destructive device against use of a firearm in self-protection. In 21122 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1981 particular, the memorandum's draft­ but will also provide a significant im­ I grew up in a little town with about 200 ers seem worried about the provision provement in our balance-of-payments people. I live in Ada, Oklahoma, a town with denying its application to use in de­ situation. about 15,000 people. My district spreads about 300 miles along the Red River in fense of property. It would seem that Without an increased effort to Southern Oklahoma from the Texarkana use of a firearm in defense of property export our farm products, the farm area on the east all the way Marvin's house, would rarely constitute a Federal economy faces a disastrous financial which is right below Lawton in the Walters­ felony, but the drafters of the memo­ situation because it has done its job Randlett area. The largest town has about randum, with their traditional ingenu­ too well. 22,000 people, so we are considerably spread ity, create the image of a hypothetical We must reduce the surplus and the out there. The Federal government consid­ situation in which a person shoots at best method is to sell it. But, to do ers any city or town below 50,000 rural. someone stealing his mail. that we must provide attractive fi­ That makes my district all rural and I'm It is apparent upon even a slight ex­ nancing to potential buyers who will proud of it. When the Legislature began re­ amination that this would not come districting the Congressional districts, I tum to the competition if the funding only asked them to do one thing-don't put within the mandatory sentence in any is not available from us. We provide me in Tulsa or Oklahoma City. They can event. The person stealing the mail is, such financing to help our industrial spread me out anywhere else in the state it is true, committing a Federal crime; producers compete and it seems only but don't get me into those large cities. but the individual who fires at him reasonable that the same treatment be I cherish, as I mentioned, the rural ele­ violates no Federal law, as there are accorded our agricultural producers.e ment, and yes, I'm calling attention to the no Federal statutes giving special pro­ cause for rural people. We've been second­ tection to mail thieves. He could ac­ class citizens too long. When John Stein­ cordingly be prosecuted under State WATER: AN INCREASINGLY beck wrote the book, "The Grapes of IMPORTANT CONCERN Wrath," he portrayed my family in some re­ and local law, but under no circum­ spects because four different times my stances would ever come within the family went to California and back in search scope of this mandatory sentence in HON. PAUL SIMON of jobs during World War II. My mom any event.e OF ILLINOIS worked a shipyard there and I cut grapes, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES picked cotton and everything else going to California and coming back. We finally EXPORTS OF FARM PRODUCTS Thursday, September 17, 1981 came home and settled down south of a • Mr. SIMON. Mr. Speaker, one of little community, Bennington, Oklahoma, HON. COOPER EVANS the issues that is going to be more and where I grew up. OF IOWA more dominant on the national hori­ That era John Steinbeck reported marked IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the largest movement of people ever record­ zon is that of water. ed in the history of our country. In the late Thursday, September 17, 1981 I am taking the liberty of inserting a forties our country, and probably rightly so, • Mr. EVANS of Iowa. Mr. Speaker, I speech that was made by our col­ saw fit to write the Marshall Plan to rebuild am today introducing, along with sev­ league, WEs WATKINS, about the rural the economic face of Europe. Twenty years eral cosponsors, legislation requiring water situation which I recommend to later our country saw fit to write the mas­ the Export-Import Bank to make our colleagues. sive urban renewal program to save the I am also inserting a column I wrote inner cities of this country. The sad and loans available to purchasers of Ameri­ tragic thing is that our country has never can agricultural products. for the media in my district which seen fit to write a program to rebuild rural Farmers throughout the country touches on the water situation. America. face prospects of a bin-busting harvest We will be hearing a great deal more We have the Rural Electrification Admin­ leading to a surplus of grain which is about water in the future and, obvi­ istration today and I'm happy. I still re­ severely depressing prices. The best ously, one of those who is going to be member setting the lamp aside and when I means of reducing that surplus is to leading the way in such endeavors will flicked on the first electric light in our export it at a profit to our farmers. be our colleague, WEs WATKINS, for house. I tell my REA friends that I should whom we all have a high regard. disown them. The only job I ever lost was But, we face fierce competition in the because of Rural Electrification. I was an agricultural export market from for­ The speech follows: ice doodler on an ice truck that went out eign nations who provide low-interest WES WATKINS' OPENING SPEECH through the country. I was too little to loans for buyers of the agricultural Thanks very much Marvin, I'm very carry the ice, but I could tip it off and I products. happy to be here. I hope I am among could slide it to the back of the truck. The Export-Import Bank has in the friends. Then Rural Electric came to town, no, not past provided attractive financing to As a member of the Appropriations Com­ to town, came to the country. I sold ice one purchasers of American farm prod­ mittee, I serve on the Agricultural and whole summer because it made better ice Rural Development Subcommittee and also tea. Then the last summer I tried to sell ice, ucts. But, during the past administra­ on the Subcommittee on Energy and Water. people had that thing called a refrigerator. tion, the Export-Import Bank was pro­ One of the members from California turned I kid the Rural Electric people but it was hibited from making loans for agricul­ to me the other day and said, "You know one of the greatest things. tural sales. Loans, however, did and do what, I'm just going to give you a new nick­ The second greatest thing that has hap­ continue for the sale of manufactured name." My new nickname in the United pened to rural America is rural water. How products. States Congress is "The Rural Radical." I many times have we seen new homes sprout The legislation I am introducing think we've needed a rural radical around up in the countryside and some family today will require that the Export­ here for a long time. wanting to live there or some elderly couple Import Bank make loans available for When I talk about Rural America, I'm wanting to retire there because of rural talking about more than just agriculture. As water. That's the element of rural America agricultural export in the same ratio Marvin knows, my roots are deep in agricul­ that you've played. that our agricultural exports bear to ture. I served as Oklahoma state president I was a home builder and land developer our total exports. Exceptions to this of the Future Farmers of America. FFA is before I came to Congress. I built mainly requirement would be made when the probably one of the big motivating factors through FmHA. Not by choice, but because bank determines and reports to Con­ in my life. I lost everything in the drought we didn't have much money in rural Amer­ gress that demand for such loans is of '56 in Oklahoma including the peanut ica. I do not have one mortgage banker in not high enough to equal or exceed crop I left in the field and some old my district. Out of the 25 counties I serve, "banger" cows I ended up selling. But I still we don't have one Federal Housing Adminis­ the ratio required or when the Secre­ love the rural elements and agriculture so tration house per county because we do not tary of Agriculture determines that much that I was stupid enough to go off have investment capital in rural America. the level of agricultural exports is or and major in agriculture in college. But I do I'm chairman of the Congressional Rural will be adequate without such credit. love the climate, surroundings and environ­ Caucus. I hope you are members of the Increasing our exports of farm prod­ ment and I cherish my upbringing in the Caucus. If not, I'm going to ask you today to ucts will not only help our farmers, rural community. become members of the Rural Caucus. September 17, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 21123 · There's less than 4 percent of the popula­ serve. Only two of us on that subcommittee requirements. More than 50 systems in tion living on farms today. That's a prob­ crusaded or even talked about rural Amer­ Oklahoma are in violation of the EPA lem, but that means we are going to have to ica, and when we asked the other members standards. How are we going to resolve work harder to organize. That's our busi­ to be fair and equitable, they were not will­ that? How are we going to meet those stand­ ness coming down here-trying to organize ing to step across just a little further. ards in rural America? It's going to be the rural people. We receive only about 20 percent of the tough. One city mayor has more power than we SBA program funds out in rural America. I was talking to Interior Secretary Watt do. That's our problem. We need to orga­ Why? Because many times in our communi­ concerning water programs. The Adminis­ nize, we need to speak up and we must let ty you have a one-loan-officer bank. He may tration plans to cut water development the people know that, "Hey, we are human have someone who helps him a little bit but projects back in rural America. you know beings, too." Congressional Rural Caucus when he leaves the bank, it may as well be why? Because their priority is on projects has about 125 members in it, that's about 20 closed for the day as far as loan applications which affect the most people-the urban more than we had last year so we made a are concerned. These loan officers are not and suburban projects. thrust forward. But here's the potential. able to go to Oklahoma City six times to get Some of you may know I'm sponsoring a There's around 300 members of Congress the T's crossed and the I's dotted on SBA bill called the National Water Utilities that have about 50 percent of their people loans when they can stay home and make a Bank. I think we've got to have such a pro­ or more that would be considered rural with few cattle loans and a few car loans, and put gram because we are not going to receive populations below 50,000. What does that the rest of it in government bonds. Is that the money from the Federal level. We have mean? It takes 218 votes to pass or defeat a equity? Is that fairness? to go into the secondary money market just piece of legislation in the House. If we can The EDA program that I support was as we have done with rural electric. The just make 218 of these Congressmen con­ originally intended to serve the rural, de­ only problem is that Dave Stockman wants scious of rural America, we could have real pressed areas of the country. They've re­ to cut out the Federal Financing Bank at a impact on legislation. vised the minimum standards until 85 per­ time when we need it most. I know some of you are wondering if we cent of the communities in this country are have a staff. We have one person who's eligible for EDA assistance. I strongly disap­ We are going to push for that bill because helping on the staff right now. Many of the prove of this because I know in Oklahoma I think it's an absolute necessity. It will pro­ Congressmen are chipping in trying to do as City they are using the money to build a vide loans and loan guarantees. Loan guar­ much as possible. We are having a Congres­ Myriad garden when I can't even get money antees are off budget. I think we can't sional Rural Caucus banquet on March 31st for a water and sewer project in a town that afford to stop providing things like electrici­ and I understand that several of you are doesn't even have a manufacturing job. Is ty, sewer and water to the people of rural America. If we are in much trouble economi­ helping buy a table to help participate, but that fairness and equity? I don't think so. cally, then I think we should cut out every we have got to have more help. We've got to I'd like to bring us to where we are today. program in the major cities in this country. have shoe leather put down in this town if Let's look at the President's budget this we are going to do the job that's got to be way. The President said twice in his speech Rural America has a big role in America's done. last week that the budget cuts would be economic recovery. People talk about the Frank Tsutres is our executive director. evenhanded and that's a.ll I ask, fairness crisis of this country. The crisis of this He works hard, but when you only have one and equity. But it's like the hen and the pig country they're talking about is energy. person, that's nearly an impossible task to going down the road and all of a sudden There's hardly any energy produced in the try to get the job done that needs to be they are confronted with a huge, angry, cities-it's produced in rural America. done. I'm devoting my staff as much as I hungry, lion. The pig turned to the hen and They're talking about the crisis of world possibly can to a large rural segment. said, "Madam hen, what should we do?" hunger. There's no food produced in the In fact, I'm building in my legislative file a The hen said, "Well, pig, I think we should cities-it's produced in rural America. legislative bible, or a Marshall plan for rural feed him some sausage and eggs." The pig They're talking about the water crisis that's America. I may mention that a little later. said, "That's a good idea, but that takes just right around the comer. There's no water Let me indicate some of the things that a little effort from you and that's a major impounded in the major cities, either-the we are trying to piecemeal in this effort as sacrifice from me!" Ladies and gentlemen, dams are in the country. . the chairman of the Congressional Rural let me say this. We are going to make a Now you look at the three major crises of Caucus and some of the things we are trying major sacrifice for rural America. If you this world. The only way we are going to to do. Number one thing: All I ask the Mem­ don't believe it, look at the front page of solve them is in rural America and they are bers of Congress is to give us fairness and The Washington Post this morning. The exacting a big price·from us to do it. I think equity. Fairness and equity-that's not Administration is looking at taking another we are ready to try to meet those problems. asking too much. I'm willing to balance the $2 billion out of agriculture. Most of it will I think the least the Administration could budget, but we have to have fairness and probabiy come out of Farmer's Home some­ give us is evenhandedness, fairness and equity. place. equity in this program. For example, take educational funds for I just told you about programs we are get­ Yes; I may be called a "Rural Radical," handicapped children. I think our rural ting in Rural America. As I told them at the but I may be called a whole lot worse before children are just as important as urban chil­ Oklahoma Press Association the other day, it is all over. These programs are good for dren. But the rural schools get only 7% of I'm willing to go along with most of the pro­ your people and our people and they are ab­ the handicap funds for education. We de­ grams we are cutting, but there is virtually solutely essential. Marvin, I would like to serve close to one third of it because one no private industry in my area and in most stop at this point unless you have some third of the people of this country live in of the rural areas that can put the invest­ questions or inquiries you would like to communities of 50,000 or below. Is that fair­ ment capital in there that's necessary to make. ness and equity? take up the slack. Look at FHA we mentioned a while ago. We've got to have Farmer's Home type WATER: THE NEXT CRISIS Section 203 provides for single family hous­ loan programs to provide us the investment ing. We get less than 10% of these funds in capital. We've got to have water and sewer We· get so absorbed in today's crisis that rural America, and that's insured mortgage programs. Sewer projects and facilities were we sometimes forget that there are some money. It's usually a very limited amount cut from $1.1 billion down to $600 million, long-range things we should be working on for a home. Unfortunately, with little and the water program itself was cut over more aggressively. money in the budget, the funds in my dis­ half. One of these, which will bring tremendous trict are used up within the first quarter of So what do we do? I'm not talking about a changes for the better, is the development the year. hockey stadium or anything like that for of an inexpensive process for converting salt Also HUD is the Community Development some big downtown city, I'm talking about water to fresh water. Block Grant money, which helps develop trying to get water to some people in my dis­ When that happens the deserts of the our community areas and our towns. But trict who still don't have running water. United States will blossom, as they will in only 17 percent of that goes to cities and I'd like to share with you one of the North Africa and elsewhere. And in trouble communities of 50,000 and below. Again, we things we are trying to do. I know you are spots like the Middle East tempers can be should get about one third of it. Is that fair­ very interested in supplemental appropria­ reduced at least a little, for almost lost in a.ll ness and equity? tions, and I have agreed to help. This would of the other stories from the Middle East is Let's look at UDAG-Urban Development expand training and technical assistance to the reality that part of the tensions there Action Grants. Working through the sub­ the rural water associations. I know you uti­ are caused by water problems. committee I formerly served on, we are able lize these training funds wisely and provide We are headed for some major water to get 25 percent set aside for rural commu­ a tremendous assistance. I've got communi­ problems, particularly in the West, unless nities. I couldn't get the 33 percent we de- ties that cannot meet the EPA clean water this sea water source is developed. Today's 21124 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1981 headlines are about oil; 10 years from now journal. Recently celebrating 50 years who went into the Army when war broke the headlines are likely to be about water. of reporting the news of Bennettsville, out and became the first Marlboro County Even in relatively water-rich Southern Il­ S.C., and the surrounding Marlboro serviceman killed in World War II. linois, we will see more and more farms irri­ In 1948, the Herald went to twice weekly gating. We have a few doing it now. After County, the William L. Kinney family was the object of an interesting publication. _ every dry year we have, there will be more And in 1951, there must have been deli­ farms joining the ranks. column written by the State news cious irony in it for the Kinneys as they There are four basic methods of desalting editor of the Florence Morning News, bought the Pee Dee Advocate, the paper water, and the United States has put a total Thom Anderson, an astute member of that had fired Kinney at such an inoppor­ of -$320 million into one of these processes the media who has long observed life tune time 20 years earlier. called distillation. There is a general feeling in journalism circles in the Sixth Dis­ They combined the papers and continued that this process is too expensive to be prac­ trict. twice-weekly publication as the Marlboro tical in most situations, and the other three Mr. Anderson's article details the Herald-Advocate. In 1952 they bought the processes are being examined. McColl Messenger. This year two demonstration plants for history of the Kinney family, which other methods will start in Alamogordo, passed the torch of journalism from In 1971, they sold their interest to their New Mexico and Virginia Beach, Virginia. one generation to another, while main­ son who still publishes the Herald-Advocate, Tentatively a third project is scheduled for taining the highest standards of the and supposedly retired, something Mrs. Louisiana in 1983. Kinney calls "the joke of the last 10 years." profession. They are still around the paper regularly Desalting, however, is not some vague It is with pride that I offer this arti­ thing that might or might not work in the doing what ever is needed. future. It is working now, but is too expen­ cle for the information of my col­ Kinney looks back with a lot of gratitude sive to be practical in most situations. There leagues in Congress: and justified pride at the development of are over 1500 desalting plants in operation HA.LF A CENTURY his paper. He has served as president of the around the world. And that number will South Carolina Press Association and the grow rapidly if we can improve the desalting paper has won a lot of awards over the It was just over 50 years ago that Mr. and years. process. Mrs. William L. Kinney started a newspaper That takes research. And research costs in Bennettsville, one that became the "I trust that I have been able to contrib-. money, unfortunately. present Marlboro Herald-Advocate. ute something along the way and over the Within the United States we now produce They turned the paper over to their son, years that has made life better for someone 100 million costly gallons of fresh water a William L. Kinney Jr., 10 years ago, but who has been a reader of our publications." day out of salt water. But we consume many they have remained active around the Kinney wrote.e billions of gallons of water each day. paper, and they put out a special section of All nations have a stake in making the Sept. 3 issue to look back over some progress. The United States is working with good years in Bennettsville. AFFIRMATIVE ACTION HARMS Mexico and with Israel on specific projects. It was sort of an ill-timed blow that THE DISADVANTAGED And many other nations are doing research. caused Kinney and his bride to launch the When the day arrives that somewhere a Marlboro County Herald, which published breakthrough is achieved and an inexpen­ for the first time on Sept. 1, 1931. HON. ROBERT S. WALKER sive process is developed for converting salt He had graduated from college in 1925, OF PENNSYLVANIA water to fresh water, it will be one of the and in 1926 became bookkeeper of the Pee IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES most important stories of this century-yet Dee Advocate, a Bennettsville weekly. A few it will probably not be on the front page of weeks later, the editor left, and Kinney took Thursday, September 17, 1981 most newspapers. over that job, too, serving in both capacities. Seventy percent of the earth's surface is. In 1932, he was to marry on June 18 in • Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, covered by water, most of it salt water. It is Ninety-Six. The paper was sold, but the new throughout the course of our discus­ a tremendous resource which some day will owner told Kinney he would be sions in this body of affirmative action be appreciated much more. We should be retained. The day before the wedding, just programs, a topic which is too seldom hastening that day.e before Kinney was to leave for the wedding addressed is the impact of racial the new owner hit town and greeted him quotas and other instruments of pref­ HALF A CENTURY with the news that he would not be needed. erential treatment on those they are This was quite a blow, but the wedding purported to aid, minorities. I wish to went on anyway, and they went on a honey­ insert the following article by Dr. HON. JOHN L. NAPIER moon to the mountains as scheduled, re­ turning to Bennettsville on July 1. Thomas Sowell, black economist and OF SOUTH CAROLINA senior fellow at the Hoover Institute, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES He picked up a temporary job helping close an estate, and the two decided to start in the RECORD. This is one of several Thursday, September 17, 1981 their own paper. With $500 "reluctantly" recent articles by Dr. Sowell in which • Mr. NAPIER. Mr. Speaker, al­ loaned to Kinney, they started the Marl­ he brings to bear his extensive re­ though we daily stand in awe of the boro County Herald, a weekly. search on minority groups in America The lead story of the first issue of the in exposing the fallacy that affirma­ massive fourth estate operation which Marlboro Herald, dated Sept. 1, 1931, car­ exists in Washington, I tend to watch ried as lead story an item about Gov. Irba tive action prograins are capable of more carefully and respond more rap­ Blackwood holding a meeting in Bennetts­ bringing minorities into the main­ idly to the news I obtain through that ville with Marlboro County farmers who fa­ stream of our economy. great network of grass roots America vored a possible special session of the Legis­ The article follows: called the hometown newspaper. lature. AFFIRMATIVE ACTION HARMS THE South Carolina's Sixth Congression­ There were no pictures on the front, as DISADVANTAGED al District has a journalistic fraterni­ often was the case then. Other iteins told of a team called the Tigers edging the Athlet­ ty, while not as massive and slick as ics for the local softball title, plans to pave The supreme irony of "affirmative action" the major metropolitan press, com­ S.C. 9 from Bennettsville to U.S. 1 near is that it demands hard statistical results pares with the best when carrying the Cheraw, election of L. L. Gaddy to the city from others but has none to offer itself. banner of the First Amendment. council. Tom Lewis selling the county's first This is the tenth year of numerical "goals One of the priorities in my Washing­ bale of cotton for the year and F. Gray and timetables" in employment-quotas, for ton and district offices is to closely Craven being the first subscriber to the those who prefer plain English. Yet the monitor the daily and weekly newspa­ Herald. actual results of a decade of this controver­ pers, for they guard the front lines of It was printed out of town at first, and sial program are seldom mentioned. they had their troubles, including a wreck Before "goals and timetables" were man­ life in rural and suburban America. in which both were badly injured, but by dated by federal guidelines in 1971, Puerto I am especially proud of my own 1937, they were able to put in their own Rican family income was 60% of the nation­ hometown newspaper, the Marlboro printing equipment. al average. Today it is 50%. Black family Herald-Advocate, a true family-owned, Among the people who worked in the back income, as a percentage of white family operated, written, and distributed shop, Kinney recalls, was Fletcher Stubbs, income, has never in the past decade ex- September 17, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 21125 ceeded the level reached in 1969. Usually, it demand seems to have been artificially in­ STATE DEPARTMENT DECISION has been lower. creased for the highly qualified black and TO REFUSE ENTRANCE VISAS No doubt there are many factors behind artifically decreased for the more average TO CUBAN OFFICIALS these numbers. But imagine an employer black or the black who had not yet made a with similar statistical trends trying to ex­ track record. plain to EEOC or the courts that it was all A number of responsible people have said HON. THOMAS J. BULEY, JR. due to other circumstances beyond his con­ off the record that they are reluctant to 01' VIRGINIA trol. Yet that is what affirmative action pro­ ponents are reduced to. The results simply take on risks, with either minority or female IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES are not there to justify this bitterly divisive applicants, because of the time and money Thursday, September 17, 1981 program. that can be lost in legal proceedings if they Progress has not stopped completely for later have to be discharged or even promot­ • Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, I want to disadvantaged racial and ethnic groups. But ed more slowly. One black woman in a high take this opportunity to express my the rate of progress is not as rapid as it was position, when informed of this reasoning, pleasure with the State Department's in the equal opportunity phase of the 1960s replied that that was how she herself oper­ decision to refuse entrance visas to that preceded affirmative action quotas in ated in considering applicants. "I have no Cuban officials who were to partici­ the 1970s. Indeed, some proponents of af­ time to spend at EEOC or in the courts," pate in the Center for Cuban Studies firmative action cite the slowing down of she said. symposium "The U.S. and Cuba: Pros­ progress as a reason that this program is Affirmative action harms disadvantaged pects for Dialogue." needed more than ever. groups in other ways. The number of groups Yesterday's Washington Post quoted There are economic as well as statistical covered by this program has successively ex­ Fidel Castro attacking the Reagan ad­ reasons for considering affirmative action panded to the point where it now includes a counterproductive. The incentives created majority of the American people. George ministration as "fascist," "genocidal," by quota pressures seem to increase the Gilder in his best seller "Wealth and Pover­ and "covered in blood." Today Cas­ demand for "representatives" of the various ty" estimates the coverage at 70 percent of tro's troops are engaging in battles in groups designated by the government for the population, controlling 75 percent of Angola, Ethiopia, and other countries special consideration. But at the very same the country's wealth. in Africa and Latin America. time, these pressures make it more danger­ It would be inconsistent and coun­ ous to have such people on the payroll. This means that blacks, for example, are Their future pay, promotion, and dis­ lost in a sea of other people. Moreover by terproductive to admit these officials charge patterns can easily land the employ­ requiring employment decisions to be justi­ to participate in a pro-Cuba propagan­ er in costly legal proceedings, even if he fiable to third parties, affirmative action in­ da session in the U.S. Capital. This ends up completely vindicated. But the creases the importance of paper creden­ would have been the wrong signal to plight of employers is not the central issue. tials-which are disproportionately lacking send to Havana and to those allies we The real problem is that disadvantaged among disadvantaged minority individuals, expect to take a tough stand against groups can be damaged by the way employ­ even when they are perfectly capable of Cuban adventurism. More important­ ers seek to protect themselves. doing the work. ly, it would have been misinterpreted One way out of the employer's dilemma is Like many other public policies, affirma­ by many as a back-door normalization to hire minority applicants who are suffi­ tive action needs to be judged by what it ac­ of relations with the Western Hemi­ ciently above average that their future pay, tually does, not by what it intends or hopes promotions and discharge patterns are un­ sphere's most repressive government. likely to be worse than those of the other to accomplish. The crucial question is what The Reagan administration is to be employes. But while the demand for these incentives and constraints it creates-what commended for this wise decision.e unusually well-qualified individuals tends to it rewards and .penalizes. We all know what be increased by affirmative action pressures, road is paved with good intentions. the demand is decreased for minority or Even the supporters of affirmative action THE TEDDY GLEASON NYSA-ILA female applicants who are below average, or seem to sense its bankruptcy. They general­ SCHOLARSHIP FUND AND who do not have enough of a track record ly steer discussions as far away as possible AWARDS CEREMONY for an employer to take a chance. from hard facts about the actual results Some recently published data on black achieved. They talk instead about history, males illustrates the point. Between 1967 as if this policy were going to be applied to HON. JACK F. KEMP and 1978, the income of college-educated · the past instead of to the future. They black males rose dramatically, both abso­ impugn the motives of those who criticize OI'NEWYORK lutely and relative to the income of college­ their efforts, in a manner reminiscent of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES educated white males. In 1967, college-edu­ Sen. Joe McCarthy. In short, anything to ·Thursday, September 17, 1981 cated black males who were in the labor evade the grim facts. force a few years earned 74 percent of the • Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, it gives me annual income of their white counterparts. Quotas and preferences have been tried in great pleasure to report that the first By 1978, this was 98 percent. a number of countries. Nowhere has any racial or ethnic group risen from poverty to annual Teddy Gleason scholarship But over exactly the same span of time, program has this month named its re­ black males with less education were falling prosperity by these methods, though many further behind white males with less educa­ have done so by all sorts of other methods. cipients. A product of the combined ef­ tion. For example, black males who were in The Chinese in Southeast Asia, Italians in forts of the International Longshore­ the labor force a few years, but who had Argentina, Germans in Brazil, Japanese in men's Association and the New York less than 12 years of schooling, earned 79 the United States, and Jews in various Euro­ Shipping Association, this program percent of the annual income of white pean countries have begun in poverty and has just granted eight college scholar­ males of the same description in 1967. By ended in affluence, while avoiding politics. ships to the children of longshoremen 1978, that was down to 69 percent. Where preferential treatment has been from New York and New Jersey: Sal­ One may try to explain over-all black/ tried, it has not merely failed to achieve its vatore Avitabile, John A. Caputo, white ratio changes by general economic object but has tom countries apart with in­ Christine Kirwan, Lina Liberatore, conditions in the 1970s, rather than by af­ ternal strife. India, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thomas A. Moroney, Jr., Hermond E. firmative action. But it is hard to explain Guyana are just some of the places where diametrically opposite trends among blacks such efforts have led to bloodshed in the Palmer, Adrianna M. Rubinic, and this way. streets. Robin Tavares. My congratulations to A more narrowly focused study of 50,000 these outstanding students and their academics showed a very similar pattern. After 10 years, it is time to ask what af­ families and it was indeed an honor to Those black faculty members who had com­ firmative action has achieved for the disad­ vantaged, and what it has done to this coun­ participate in the luncheon and meet pleted their Ph.D.s in highly ranked depart­ these outstanding young Americans. ments and who had published were earning try.e more than whites of the same high qualifi­ The joint venture that made these cations. But those black faculty members scholarships possible represents an im­ who had not yet completed their doctorates portant step forward in labor-manage­ and had not yet published earned less than ment cooperation in the maritime in­ their white counterparts. Again, the dustry. Above all, this scholarship pro- 21126 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1981 gram is a testimony to the leadership, of II.A Local 1804-1 and is employed at the THE HONORABLE MARIO vision, and imagination of the man Consolidated Passenger Ship Terminal on BlAGG! OF NEW YORK RE­ after whom it is named: my good the North River in Manhattan. MARKS DURING SPECIAL friend Teddy Gleason, distinguished Lina Liberatore, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. ORDER FOR GARY HYMEL president of the International Long­ Giacomo Liberatore of 2556 East 23 Street, shoremen's Association. He worked Brooklyn. Her father is a member of II.A closely with the New York Shipping Local 920 and works as a longshoreman at HON. MARIO BIAGGI Association, led by James Dickman, to Howland Hook Marine Terminal on Staten OF NEW YORK Island. create the NYSA-ILA scholarship IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thomas A. Moroney, Jr., son of Mr. and fund, which provides the wherewithal Thursday, September 17, 1981 for the scholarships. When fully im­ Mrs. Thomas A. Moroney of Rocky Point, N.Y. The elder Mr. Moroney is a member of • Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, as one plemented in 1984, it will help 32 stu­ II.A Local 1 and is now-retired. dents, annually, to work toward their who has benefited from knowing Gary Hermond E. Palmer, son of Mrs. Phyllis Hymel, I rise to join my colleagues in college degrees. Mr. Gleason's achieve­ Palmer and the late Herman Palmer, of ment is typical of his deep and abiding paying tribute to this great man. 1730 Clinton Place, Teaneck, N.J. His father True-Gary is leaving the House-but commitment to creating new avenues had been a member of II.A Local 1814 in of opportunity for ILA members and Brooklyn. what he leaves behind is one of the most impressive records of service ever their children. I commend the follow­ Adrianna M. Rubinic, daughter of Mr. and ing account of these scholarship Mrs. John Rubinic of 41-42 Cpl Kennedy accumulated. awards to the attention of my col­ Street, Bayside, Queens, N.Y. Her father is For 15 years, Gary Hymel has dedi­ leagues and also want to praise the a member of II.A Local 1804-1 and is em­ cated himself to the improvement of management association for their pro­ ployed on Pier 36, East River, Manhattan. the House. He has worked for the gressive attitude toward this program. Robin Tavares, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. office of the majority whip, majority PORT LABOR FuND AWARDS FIRST SCHOLAR· John Tavares of 1508 Vauxhall Road, leader, and now the Speaker. Gary has SHIPS TO LoNGSHOREMEN DEPENDENTS; Union, N.J. John Tavares is a member of made friends on both sides of the aisle ACTION MARKs OPENING OF $128,000 PRo­ II.A Local 1235 and is employed as a long­ by applying the same standards to ev­ GRAM TO AID 32 STUDENTS ANNuALLY shoreman at the Sea-Land Service terminal eryone-be cordial-be cooperative and A newly created labor-management fund in Elizabeth. be fair. that finances four-year college scholarships The award of scholarships by a fund sup­ Gary knows this House as well as for dependents · of union longshoremen in ported by industry contributions and negoti­ anyone. His advice was the best the Port of New York and New Jersey today ated through a labor contract is a pioneer­ around. While we regret it-we do un­ announced that the .first group of eight stu­ ing event in longshore employer-union rela­ dents has been selected for its $4,000 annual derstand his decision to return to pri­ tions in the port here. However, it's a pro­ vate life. However, his departure awards. They include residents of Northern gram that is a likely forerunner for similar New Jersey, New York City and Suffolk development in other Atlantic and Gulf leaves us with a void that will be hard County on Long Island. to fill. Staff people ofttimes do not get The action by the Teddy Gleason Scholar­ Coast harbors in later years, according to the proper recognition for their work, ship Program of the NYSA-II.A Scholarship labor and management sources. Open to dependents of more than 10,000 so today I am pleased that we are Fund marks that initial grant by the water~ · taking this opportunity to give credit front industry plan. It was developed under II.A members in the New York port area on the present three-year collective bargaining the basis of academic performance and apti­ where credit is due. Gary-good luck­ agreement between the International Long­ tude tests among other determinations, it is good health-and thanks for every- shoremen's Association, .AF'lrCIO and em­ available to qualified applicants who wish to thing.e · ployers represented here by New York Ship­ continue education in undergraduate, ap­ ping Association, Inc. and is the only one of prentice or training programs in accredited its kind in the port industry. colleges, universities and other institutions. "NATIONAL AUTO POLICY-UN­ When fully implemented in 1984, the fund The union is the largest waterfront orga­ FINISHED BUSINESS"-PART III will annually assist a total of 32 children of nization in the United States. In addition to II.A members from the bi-state port region members in the Port of New York and New HON.DONALDJ.PEASE in achieving a college level education at a Jersey, II.A represents some 40,000 long­ total outlay of $128,000 with eight new high OF OHIO shoremen in other ports from Canada to school graduates becoming eligible for each IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the $4,000 awards yearly. Mexico, and upwards of 50,000 additional Announcement of the winning student waterfront workers in the U.S. Great Lakes, Thursday, September 17, 1981 candidates was made jointly by the two eastern Canada and Puerto Rico. leading spokesmen for labor and manage­ New York Shipping Association is also the • Mr. PEASE. Mr. Speaker, the final ment who helped negotiate the program in largest waterfront management organiza­ portion of U AW President Doug Fra­ contract talks last year. They are II.A Presi­ tion in the United States. It represents ap­ ser's address to the Sixth Annual dent Thomas W. Gleason, for proximately 135 companies including many Automotive News World Congress fo­ whom the program was named, and James of the largest ocean carriers and stevedoring cuses upon one possible remedy for J. Dickman, President of the management 'and marine terminal operating companies in equalizing international auto trade association, which represents ship industry the nation. policies. Domestic content laws areal­ employers in the harbor. The activities of the union and NYSA in ready in effect in virtually. all other The eight students selected for the initial awards by the College Scholarship Service the bi-state Port of New York and New auto-producing countries. The time based in Princeton, New Jersey, include the Jersey involve handling by workers and em­ may have arrived when we ought to at follo.wing: . ployers of more than 24 million tons of high least air the pros and cons of content Sal-vatore Avitabile, son of Mr. and Mrs. value general cargo yearly through compa­ legislation as a means of signaling our Felix Avitabile of 155 Seeley Street, Brook­ ny operated facilities. The port is the na­ resolve toward both free trade and fair lyn. His father is a member of II.A Local 1 tion's largest harbor and the 10,000 active trade policies. and works as a checker at the Red Hook longshoremen in the work force here is the Terminal in Brooklyn. largest such group by far in any American FINAL PORTION OF UAW DOUG FRAsER'S John A. Caputo, son of Mr. and Mrs. port. ADDRESS Frank Caputo, of 162 Hylan Boulevard, The bi-state port covers pier areas Brook­ A local content requirement is needed to Staten Island. Frank Caputo is a member of lyn, Manhattan and Staten Island within preserve employment and shore up the na­ II.A Local 1 and is employed as a checker at the five boroughs of New York City, and the tion's sagging industrial base. Howland Hook Marine Terminal on Staten New Jersey waterfront communities of Such content legislation should require Island. Newark, Elizabeth, Jersey City, Hoboken, that, by 1985, auto companies with yearly Christine Kirwan, daughter of Mr. and Bayonne, Weehawken and Perth Amboy.e sales in excess of 200,000 units have at least Mrs. Thomas Kirwan of 70 Signs Road, 75 percent North American content in their Staten Island, Thomas Kirwan iS a member fleet; and that companies with 500,000 units September 17, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 21127 or more have 90 percent North American Moreover, with content set at no more Business Week-hardly a radical publica­ content in their fleet. than 90 percent even for the highest volume tion. Automotive News, which most of you Local content requirements tied to sales sellers, the automakers would still be per­ read, endorsed the idea of imposing a con­ volume should be phased in beginning with mitted a substantial amount of foreign tent requirement as well.· the 1983 model year. Credit would be given sourcing; consumers could still derive sub­ Today I began sending letters to more for exports of parts or vehicles, to allow stantial benefits from further interna­ than 1,000 parts and supplier companies in manufacturers flexibility to rationalize pro­ tionalization of production. the auto industry. In those letters, I'm duction. Domestic content requirements are al­ asking their officers to consider joining with A "manufacturer" for this purpose should ready part of two laws that affect U.S. auto us in the legislative fight on behalf of con­ be defined by the locus of majority control. companies. First, the Corporate Average tent legislation. For example, Chrysler and Mitsubishi Fuel Economy requirements of the On this issue, the parts sector and trade would be counted as two separate compa­ 1975 Energy Policy and Conservation Act in­ unions should have common cause. When nies, since Chrysler does not control Mitsu­ clude such a provision. General Motors threatens workers with bishi Motors. For CAFE standards, models sold in the statements it intends to buy or build more The UAW believes that each company has U.S. with less than 75 percent North Ameri­ components "offshore," your companies an obligation to generate employment in can value-added must be averaged separate­ may very well be victims as well. When Ford those countries in which it has substantial ly from those with more than 75 percent talks about out-sourcing parts overseas, it's sales volume. Sales in North America by content. your firms as well as our workers who are ' VW, Toyota, Nissan, and Honda have long This has served in the past to reduce the being blackmailed. since reached a level at which full-scale as­ incentive for U.S. auto companies to ship Content legislation not only will address sembly can be efficiently accomplished more small cars and parts here from their the savaging of the American economy by here. overseas operations, and has brought about the Japanese. It will also confront the ex­ Indeed, by 1980 both Toyota and Nissan faster domestic conversion to production of porting of American jobs and capital by had U.S. sales that approached Chrysler's. more fuel-efficient vehicles. General Motors and Ford. For years, those Substantial local content cannot be imple­ Second, the Automotive Products Trade companies-whatever their other sins-did mented overnight. But the timetable carried Act of 1965 also contains a content provi­ do what we're asking of the Japanese. out by Volkswagen over the last few years sion. It permits zero tariffs on vehicles, After World War II, instead of building can serve as a clear example for others. parts, and materials when at least 50 per­ cars in North America and shipping them to VW began U.S. production in 1978. Now, cent of their value is derived from domestic Europe, for example, GM and Ford ' pro­ in addition to its assembly plant in Pennsyl­ production. duced where their market was. They built vania, it has a stamping plant in West Vir­ As a result of this provision, products plants and produced vehicles in Europe for ginia and a new multi-plant complex in merely assembled in Canada from non­ the European market. It would be the Texas. It is about to open a second assembly North American parts would be charged a height of irresponsibility today for them to plant in Sterling Heights, Michigan. Cur­ tariff when they enter the U.S. Japan has reverse that policy and begin producing rently, the North American content of VW imposed local content requirements for its more vehicle content overseas for the North Rabbits is approaching 70 percent. aerospace purchases. As a condition of its American market. Some may object that our content propos­ purchase of billions of dollars worth of al runs counter to the principles of "free fighters and patrol planes from Lockheed The UA W has no intention of allowing trade." We have long recognized the bene­ and McDonnell Douglas, Japan will produce them to do so. Nor will the American public fits to humanity that flow from expanded at least 40 percent of their value. tolerate GM or Ford abandoning our shores world commerce. The vital role of world The Boeing Company has also reported at the same time those companies seek help trade in fueling postwar economic growth is that foreign production has become widely from taxpayers and consumers. widely known. required to make sales abroad. To help Last night you heard Donald Petersen of Nor have we forgotten the tragic lessons clinch major sales to Japanese airlines, Ford Motor Company. Like Phil Caldwell, of the thirties, when a round robin of mis­ Boeing made guarantees to source in Japan Mr. Petersen has repeatedly threatened to guided beggar-thy-neighbor protectionist 15 percent of the multi-billion dollar pro­ export our jobs unless the UAW reopens the polices worsened the Great Depression. duction value of their new 767 series sold agreement Ford signed committing itself But the world has changed a great deal worldwide. through next September. since then. When it comes to autos, with the The Japanese government, according to You've all probably seen the long row of significant exception, until recently, of the its official sources, negotiated arrangements flags in front of the Glass House at Ford U.S., there is no major nation of the world for three Japanese companies to participate World Headquarters. Now Ford threatens to that practices "free trade" and there has with Boeing and provided a subsidy of lower the American flag and raise the colors not been for some time. Every major nation almost $100 million. of countries that distinguish themselves by bent on industrialization and economic A local content law is clearly superior to paying their workers so little they can't growth has singled out auto as a sector to long term measures which simply limit im­ afford to buy the products they make. develop. ports. Roger Smith of GM can't seem to get Every multinational wishing to do busi­ The competition among the world's auto through a speech without making similar ness in the major markets of the world has companies to provide the American con­ threats. found it to be a political necessity to set up sumer with a wide variety of innovative We have no intention of reopening those shop in those markets, to contribute invest­ products built with the most efficient tech­ agreements. Yet, let me make it clear that ments and employment in return for access nologies available would be retained. The the UAW fully intends to approach 1982 to those markets. U.S. producers would continue to be pres­ bargaining in a responsible manner. We are The U.S. can no longer afford to be the sured by the discipline of the design and en­ realists. We understand that bargaining world's leading exception, accepting what­ gineering innovations of foreign-based man­ doesn't go on in a vacuum-you have to face ever others wish to sell here without expect­ ufacturers. the economic realities that exist when you ing any contribution to our depleted econo- Local content requirements would, howev­ go to the table. my in return. , er, lead to increased investment in our coun­ I'm hopeful we can work out whatever dif­ If other nations' policies prevent auto try and prevent further disastrous loss of ferences we have with the companies, as we trade from becoming a two-way street, our jobs. Such jobs would be not only in motor have in past negotiations. The UAW is com­ country cannot afford a one-way traffic jam vehicle assembly, but in the many firms and mitted to new approaches at the bargaining of the unemployed. The fact is, our content industries which supply the auto industry. table. There is some indication that may proposal would not be significantly disrup­ Many of you in this audience represent well be true of the Big Two as well. tive of world commerce; rather, it would companies that supply the auto industry Yet the issue before us today is what can .. assure that other nations trade responsibly. with parts and components. I'd like to ask be done now to restore the North American Our minimum vehicle threshold, before you to set aside for a moment the natural industry to health. There are a number of application of any content provision, would tendency to see corporations on one side of needed steps, but content legislation is most permit foreign automakers who sell here in the table and the UA W on the other. important. It addresses both the failure of moderate volumes, such as BMW or Fiat, to No doubt we have strong disagreements the Japanese to trade responsibly and the continue to do so without interference. on certain issues, but on the question of threat of GM and Ford to out-source irre­ The phase-in period contained in our pro­ content legislation I think we have a great sponsibly. posal would permit companies to increase deal in common. The content legislation would be con­ domestic content in an orderly and achieva­ The idea of content legislation does have structed in such a way that companies could ble way, on a timetable roughly like the one support in both labor and business circles. rationalize production on an international VW has followed voluntarily. My union advocates content, yet so does basis. 21128 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1981 We're not urging that every single compo­ In the past few months, my union has re­ picked up by the Supplemental Security nent that goes into a car sold here be built ceived many invitations to "come to the Income plan-the "gold check" program, a here. GM, Ford and other multinationals party" from various companies seeking our successor to the former old age security could still have some large volume plants in help. Where it was justified, we did. Now, on plan, which is based on age and need. SSI other countries which would produce parts an issue which is also justified and which funding comes from general revenues, not for cars sold here. In fact, under the legisla­ will mean increased investment and job cre­ from Social Security tax receipts, so the tion we advocate, the U.S. companies cur­ ation here, we're asking them to "come to strain on Social Security would be eased. rently would meet the content requirements the party." The administration's real target is people even though they currently import some Winning content legislation will not be who held government jobs not covered by parts and components for the domestic easy. Nor will convincing Washington that Social Security, and who managed a bit of market. we need a coherent auto policy based in part moonlighting in jobs that were covered by What the law would do, basically, would on that legislation. Social Security. Some of them now enjoy prevent domestic manufacturers from Other elements of that national economic relatively good government pensions and launching major efforts to significantly policy should include the rejection of high also get $122 a month. Others who enjoy lower domestic content by exporting North interest rates and monetarism; imposition of the minimum payment are retired, well-to­ American jobs. Who would benefit from wage/price restraints to slow inflation; tar­ do people who have a minimal earnings content legislation? Just about everyone, in geted tax and capital formation programs; record under Social Security, because their our view. greater democratization from the shop floor income has been primarily from invest­ Consumers would have a wide variety of to the corporate boardroom, and expansion ments; to them, the $122 is plain, tax­ vehicles to choose from, rather than facing rather than cutbacks in job retraining and exempt gravy. The current Washington limits with restraints or tariffs or quotas. relocation programs for workers and com­ slang for these two classes is "double-dip­ The consumer also would gain in that Amer- munities affected by economic dislocations. pers and coupon clippers," and neither of . ican automakers would face the discipline There are numerous other initiatives them is a hardship case. that foreign companies provide in terms of which would help get our depressed indus­ But for many Americans, a minimum price, design, and product innovation. try back on track. I've outlined a program Social Security payment is a necessity. A Obviously, we believe workers would bene­ for you tonight that, if implemented, would congressional study shows that some fit. Content legislation means jobs-jobs in mean that when you meet next summer at 300,000 people, many of them widows, need Detroit and Pittsburgh and Phoenix and At­ this same World Congress the auto outlook that money for bare subsistence. These in­ lanta and all across this country. would begin to be brighter. clude people who can't qualify for SSI, in Not only would autoworkers benefit, but As a realist, I know some elements of the part because SSI has a rigid means test so would steelworkers, glass workers, electri­ auto policy I've outlined will not be em­ which would exclude a widow who hap­ cal workers, rubber workers, etc. braced by the Reagan Administration and pened to have more than $1,500 in bank de­ Our towns and cities would benefit from the Congress, let alone the automakers posits or other liquid assets. For these content legislation. Go to Westmoreland, themselves. 300,000, who would "fall between the Pennsylvania, and talk to the local mer­ Winning the content legislation I've pro­ cracks" if the minimum were removed, Mr. chants about Volkswagen. The union wage posed tonight will take a very difficult fight. Reagan promises compassionate attention, VW workers earn gets spent at the local But it's one we can and should make togeth­ and he should get solid congressional sup­ A&P and the hardware store and the coffee er. If we do, and if we succeed, there prob­ port. shops. The school districts benefit from the ably still will be problems that will keep the The double-dippers and coupon clippers tax base as do other units of government champagne corks from popping in the hotel may not like it, but the Social Security pro­ there. suites at next year's Auto News gathering. gram was designed from the beginnning to Parts suppliers would benefit from con­ But at least we all won't be crying in our provide a modest, minimum amount for tent, as I've noted. Their gains, and those of beer over the 39th straight month of de­ those who need it. Saving a billion dollars a their workers, would not be limited to new pression as all but those of you working for year, by limiting minimum payments to vehicle sales, but also would accrue in the the Japanese automakers probably will do those in need, would be one essential step replacement market. after the session tonight. toward making the whole Social Security Finally, I believe GM and Ford would ben­ Thank you for hearing out my proposals system a bit more secure.e efit as well from content legislation, despite and giving them your consideration.• the limits it would impose on notions they have about offshore production. They REMARKS OF REPRESENTATIVE would benefit because the Nissans and Toy­ MAKING IT MORE SECURE WILLIAM L . .DICKINSON otas would have to compete with them on the basis of quality, design, efficiency, price HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO and product innovation, but not on who can OF CALIFORNIA HON. WILLIAM L. DICKINSON pay their workers the least. OF ALABAliiA Currently, Japan is a country with high IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES productivity in auto, yet it pays its auto­ Thursday, September 17, 1981 workers as if they worked in an industry Thursday, September 17, 1981 with productivity well below Spain, or Italy. e Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, High productivity doesn't earn autoworkers I would l~e to bring to the attention e Mr. DICKINSON. Mr. Speaker, in decent purchasing power in Japan. of my colleagues the following developing a China policy, it is essen­ If labor costs are the key factor in inter­ thoughtfully written editorial from tial that the Reagan administration national competition, the Japanese will the Ventura County Star Free Press take into account Taiwan's very strate­ probably experience in auto what occurred on the difficult minimum social securi­ gic location. It must be remembered in the shipbuilding industry. Other less de­ ty payment issue. that Taiwan guards two of the most veloped countries exist that are willing to important waterways in Asia-the exploit their workers even more. MAKING IT MoRE SEcURE The Japanese shipbuilding industry has Now that the budget and tax bills are in Taiwan Straits and the Bashi Chan­ lost market share in a shrinking market be­ the corral, President Reagan is attempting nel-and that whoever controls cause the low-paying shipyards of Korea to lasso a critter with even more political Taiwan controls the gateways to and Brazil took their markets. Unless a spunk: Social Security. Southeast Asia. work order can develop that takes wages out The president's original proposal was ap­ In the article, "Taiwan's Strategic of competition by paying workers based on parently to wipe out the minimum benefit Importance" which appeared in Secu­ productivity, the unemployment lines of of $122 a month-which, being paid to ev­ rity, Prof. Chin Sheng-pao states that Toledo will have their counterpart in eryone who has the required Social Security in order to contain Soviet expansion, it Tokyo, while they work overtime in Taipei. work record but did not earn enough to be While the UAW intends to press the fight entitled to that amount, is now a sort of is imperative that Taiwan remain in for content legislation, we are hopeful that "floor" figure. The idea was to save about a strong friendly hands. Mr. Chin writes representatives of all these groups that billion dollars a year by paying each person that: would benefit will join us. A coalition of with a work record exactly what past earn­ Russia, since its estrangement with China, workers, consumers, local governmental of­ ings entitled-even if it was less than $122 a has been trying to break through U.S. encir­ ficials, parts and supplier firms, and even month. clement and, in turn, encircle Communist the auto companies would present a power­ For people to whom that would be a real China. The entrenched presence of Afghani­ ful political force on this issue. hardship, Mr. Reagan proposed that they be stan and Pakistan in the Soviet camp, Laos' September 17, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 21129 recent severing of treaties with Peking, and Geographical elements alone, especially The friendship treaty of November, Url8, the existence of large, vocal pro-Soviet with Taiwan blocking Communist Chinese between Russia and Vietnam is also signifi­ forces in India and Iran are conclusive evi­ access to the Pacific, would make it impossi­ cant in that it is Russia's first major foot­ dence that Russia is succeeding in its en­ ble for Peking to expand east or westward. hold in Southeast Asia. But for Russia to be deavor. As for the north and south, if the U.S., an effective ally in this region, it must be The professor's arguments are sup­ armed with SEATO, could prevent Peking able to deploy its Pacific fleet to support ported by such distinguished leaders from expanding into Southeast Asia, the Vietnam in the event of a crisis, as was the Communist Chinese would necessarily have case in February, 1979, when Communist as Leonard Unger, the last American to tum toward the north where they would Chinese forces invaded Vietnam. Ambassador to the Republic of China, come in direct conflict with Russia. At present, Russian control of the Kurile who wrote that: In the 1960s, a number of scholars includ­ Islands off Japan allows it to move its Pacif­ A hostile government on Taiwan could ing Harvard's John Fairbank came up with ic fleet out of Vladivostok, However, to get threaten American friends and allies in another theory. They felt the strong nation­ to Southeast Asia, Vietnam specifically, it North, East, and Southeast Asia. Over time, alistic feelings in Southeast Asia and the must pass through the Taiwan Straits or this could encourage policy shifts in those presence of so many overseas Chinese there the Bash! Channel. Without access to these countries contrary to U.S. interests and di­ would deter Peking from expandng south­ two waterways, the Russian fleet would minish American influence in the area. ward, especially if American Inilitary pres­ have to circle around Australia and New ence were removed from the area. So if the Zealand to reach Southeast Asia. Russia's At this time, I insert Professor U.S. withdrew its forces from Southeast Chin•s article in the RECORD for my interest in ensuring that these two water­ Asia, Peking might feel free to move the ways remain open and that Taiwan does not colleagues to peruse at their leisure. bulk of its southern divisions north against fall into hostile, i.e. Communist Chinese, TAIWAN'S STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE Russia. hands is thus quite understandable. alter Taiwan's pro­ U.S. change its China policy after thirty influenced by the many new developments American policy. Until a unification takes years; has Taiwan's strategic importance to in weapons technology. As the U.S. lost its place, Washington will abide by the present the U.S. changed so drastically? And two, Inilitary supremacy over Russia, it chose to status quo. how does this change in policy affect the se­ substitute quality for quantity in its design The U.S. and Russian conflict in this area curity arrangements and strategic balance and selection of weapons systems. The can perhaps be explained as that of a sea in the Western Pacific? belief was that in the atomic age, genuine power versus a land power, with the U.S. These two questions can perhaps best be protection could be achieved only by a being the sea power and Russia the land answered by examining U.S. foreign policy threat of retaliation on a scale such that it power. For the U.S. to gain the upper hand, vis-a-vis Russia since WWII and Taiwan's would deter the enemy from initiating an it must move ashore on to the Asian conti­ strategic importance after the 1949 Commu­ attack. nent, thereby tightening the noose around nist takeover of Mainland China. The introduction of inter-continental bal­ Russia. Likewise, the Soviets must break out George Kennan in 1947 published an arti­ listic missiles, surface-to-air missiles, and of U.S. encirclement and move out to sea. cle entitled "The Sources of Soviet Con­ nuclear submarines made obsolete the need All strategic moves made by these two duct" in the Foreign Mfairs Quarterly stat­ to use Taiwan as a refueling station for U.S. powers are directed toward attaining these ing that Russia can maintain internal stabil­ long-range bombers or as a base from which ends. They are like two go players trying to ity only by external expansion. To bring U.S. conventional armed forces could outmaneuver and surround each other. about the internal collapse or at least launch military support activities. The U.S. in normalizing its relations with changes in the nature of the Soviet regime, Thus in view of U.S. rapprochement with Peking has pushed its sphere of influence the U.S. must prevent Russia from expand­ Peking, which moved the frontiers of U.S. inland to the Sino-Russian border. Ameri­ ing its sphere of influence. encirclement of Russia up to Mongolia, ca's coup, however, is countered by the This containment policy was adopted by Taiwan was no longer needed to contain growing presence of the Russian navy not Washington, and a series of alliance systems Communist China. The ROC as a result lost only in the Western Pacific, but also in the and mutual defense treaties was drawn up its strategic significance to Washington. South China Sea. Russian reconnaissance and signed to encircle Russia. The result But is this really true? Is Taiwan then planes have also been making regular was NATO, CENTO, SEATO, and the strategically unimportant? flights into the region since February this mutual defense pacts in the Western Pacific GeQpolitically speaking, all one has to do year. This is the first time in history that region with Japan, South Korea, and the is,.fook at a map to know this is not so. Russian planes have ventured this far south Philippines. T-ii)wan fo;rms one of the most vital links in in the Pacific. The U.S.-ROC Mutual Defense Treaty the Pacific chain of defense, which Taiwan's importance to both the U.S. and was not signed until 1954. The Korean War stretches from South Korea, through Russia lies in the fact that it is situated on brought the Americans and the Chinese Japan, Okinawa, Taiwan, to the Philippines. the rim land, where the Asian continent Communists into direct conflict, and led to But even more important is the fact that meets the ocean. The isiand is thus a step­ Washington's decision to contain what it Taiwan guards two of the most important ping stone from which the U.S. can launch saw as Peking's aggression. So instead of re­ waterways in Asia-the Taiwan Straits and its moves inland, and conversely where vising its China policy after the Communist the Bashi Channel. Whoever controls Russia can expand out into the ocean. The takeover of the Mainland, Washington Taiwan thus controls the gateways to U.S. has succeeded in moving inland. This Is simply expanded its sphere of encirclement Southeast Asia. why they consider Taiwan strategimilly un­ to include Communist China as well as This is extremely significant in that U.S. important. RUssia. By joining forces with the National­ encirclement of Russia is not the only con­ As far as Communist China, the third ist Chinese on Taiwan, the U.S. closed up its tainment system in Asia. Russia, since its es­ major power in the region, is concerned, last gap in the island defense chain in the trangement with China after the 1950s, has Taiwan is simply part of China, and a unifi-. Western Pacific. been trying to break through U.S. encircle­ cation of Taiwan with the Mainland must The thinking in Washington at the time ment, and in tum encircle Communist be effected in the not too distant future. was that Communist China, like Russia, China. The entrenched presence of Mghan­ Peking is not likely to contemplate': an im­ must expand externally if it were to main­ istan and Pakistan in the Soviet camp, Laos' mediate takeover, however, since it does not tain internal stability. Mainland China, recent severing. of treaties with Peking, and at present have the power to do so. however, was bordered on the east by the the existence of large, vocal pro-Soviet A successful invasion would require a Pacific, the west by the Himalayas, the forces in India and Iran are conclusive evi­ blitzkrieg, which could be concluded before south by Southeast Asia, and the north by dence that Russia is succeeding in its en­ Russia or any other country would have Russia. deavor. time to react or interfere. This would mean 21130 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1981 not only a large enough amphibious force to ment on Taiwan could threaten American totaled more than $300 million. Most implement the invasion, but air supremacy friends and allies in North, East, and South­ of the cuts would have involved a re­ over the Straits as well. Communist China east Asia. Over time, this could encourage duction of some 5,000 personnel in the has neither capability at the moment. policy shifts in those countries contrary to So unless they are assured of a successful U.S. interests and diminish American influ­ hospital and health care system. As invasion, and if nothing happens to aggra­ ence in the area.''e Chairman BoLAND has said, anyorie vate such an attack, the Chinese Commu­ who takes the time to visit a VA hospi­ nists are quite prepared to accept the status tal knows full well the agency can ill quo. Taiwan, though not in their hands, is HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES afford to take such cuts. at least free from Russian domination. At the time the proposed reductions A Taiwan swayed by Russia, the Commu­ HON. W. G. (BILL) HEFNER nist Chinese fear, would not only allow the were submitted to Congress, veterans' Russian fleet to patrol the Chinese Seas, OF NORTH CAROLINA leaders throughout the country con­ but might even close off the Straits to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tacted me and, as a member of the Peking. This last move would split the Com­ Thursday, September 17, 1981 Budget Committee, I offered an munist Chinese navy in two-one trapped in amendment during the consideration the South China Sea, the other. in the East • Mr. HEFNER. Mr. Speaker, I rise in of the first concurrent budget resolu­ China and Yellow Seas. strong support of the conference tion to restore approximately $600 The Taiwan issue is balanced so delicately agreement on H.R. 4034, the HUD-in­ million of the cuts proposed by the now, any slight or unexpected change may dependent agencies appropriations for President for veterans' programs. I re­ make the situation explosive. This is why fiscal year 1982. Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Hong As a member of the Appropriations ceived overwhelming support, Mr. Kong, and the Philippines are so concerned Committee, I know the difficult cir­ Speaker, in committee and, finally, the that the U.S. make an alternative defense cumstances under which these agree­ administration agreed to the restora­ arrangement with the ROC so as to safe­ tion of these funds in the so-called guard the security and stability of the area ments are reached and, given the eco­ Gramm-Latta substitute on the after the 1954 Mutual Defense Treaty is ter­ nomic situation we now face, the prob­ budget. minated. lems of resolving differences on money This is perhaps also why Russia till now bills are more complex than ever. Cer­ Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to state has made no overtures to Taiwan, for fear tainly, all of us are happy that the that this conference agreement re­ that any action it might take would set off a conference agreement is approximate­ flects generally the level of benefits chain reaction. As stated by Ralph Clough ly $2 billion below the amount which and services for veterans that the in his book Island China, one of the three recently passed the House. As the very Committee on Veterans' Affairs and things which would provoke Peking to move able chairman of the subcommittee the Budget Committee proposed to ahead its unification timetable and thus has pointed out, the conference agree­ the House. There is no question that ignite the Taiwan powder keg would be a the funding levels contained in this move by Russia to invade or ally itself with ment is more than $2.5 billion below the ROC. the budget request. The bill is within agreement will provide adequate mon­ A second possible provocation, according the allocation to the Subcommittee on etary benefits to all veterans and, in to Clough, would be Taiwan's development BUD-Independent Agencies based on addition, will assure all veterans, both of the nuclear bomb. President Chiang, the targets contained in the first con­ service-connected and nonservice-con­ however, has repeatedly stated that the Na­ current budget resolution. According nected, that their health care needs tionalist government has no intention of will be met in fiscal year 1982. The doing so. to the chairman, it meets the test of the Omnibus Reconciliation Act. In es­ agreement restores $330 million and The third and potentially most volatile 5,181 staff-years proposed to be cut by circumstance would be a declaration of inde­ sence, Mr. Speaker, the conferees have pendence by Taiwan. Peking would never done everything they could possibly the President. It will provide more abide any move to separate Taiwan from do in keeping the bill within the funds for veterans to be treated in China. As long as the government in Taiwan spending limits set by the House as community nursing homes, a program, insists that Taiwan is part of China, and as contained in the first concurrent Mr. Speaker, that is very cost effec­ long as the Mainland's military capabilities budget resolution. I want to commend tive. Four million dollars has been in­ are not fully developed, the Communist cluded to implement the so-called Chinese will do nothing to disturb the the distinguished gentleman from Massachusetts, the subcommittee Roberts' scholarship program, a pro­ status quo. · gram designed to bring more skilled If something does happen to upset the chairman, Mr. BOLAND, and the very delicate balance of powers, the change will able ranking minority member, Mr. nurses into our VA hospitals. There is most probably be to Russia's advantage, GREEN of New York, not only for an acute nursing shortage throughout since the Russians have the least to lose. doing such an excellent job in bringing the Nation and this program, when The U.S. and Communist China are unlikely to us a reasonable compromise with implemented, will allow the VA to to make any moves which will result in such the other body, but for the expedi­ begin to recruit more nurses who will an advantage for the Russians. be obligated to serve 1 year as a VA Thus, at least for the moment, Taiwan tious way in which they have proceed­ ed to get this appropriation bill to the nurse for each year he or she receives need not fear an outright attack. What it a scholarship to attend nursing school. must guard against however is internal sub­ President. This is the first appropria­ version instigated by foreign agents. Only in tion bill that has gone all the way We expect to recruit 500 nurses the this manner will Peking and Washington through conference. I hope it is adopt­ first year. achieve what they want without risking ed so that the Senate can move with it On balance, Mr. Speaker, this is an Russian interference. expeditiously. excellent bill, and I am delighted to As Leonard Unger, the last American am­ Mr. Speaker, I am extremely pleased support it. bassador to the ROC, wrote recently in the Foreign Policy Quarterly, Taiwan, far from with the level of appropriations pro­ It has been suggested that the Presi­ being strategically insignficant, vided for in this conference agreement dent may have to veto this bill because " ... occupies a key position in the West­ for our Nation's veterans and their de­ some officials in the administration em Pacific-East Asian security system. It pendents. My colleagues will recall have advised him that the bill is over lies along important shipping and air lanes that on March 10 of this year the ad­ in outlays from what the President that link Japan and Korea to their major oil ministration submitted a formal re­ had proposed. I shall not go into the and commercial connections in Southeast quest to the Congress that veterans' differences between the administra­ Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. Taiwan benefits and services be reduced by tion's estimates and those given to the. in unfriendly hands would represent a po­ tential threat to those links. . . . more than $800 million in outlays Appropriations Committee by the "So even though U.S. military experts during the next fiscal year. Drastic Congressional Budget Office, but it is have concluded that access to Taiwan is not cuts were proposed for the hospital and obvious to me that most of the outlays essential to immediate U.S. security inter­ health care programs for veterans. we are talking about are those we are ests in the Western Pacific, a hostile govern- The proposed cuts in medical accounts enthusiastically supporting for veter- September 17, 1981 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 21131 ans. We thought it had been agreed to role can only be maintained if Federal Moreover, Congress may be readying even downtown. I understand the White student aid, especially Pell grants and deeper cuts in future years, although a rise House now has indicated that al­ the campus-based programs, are not in total program funds is slated for the reduced. I hope my colleagues will 1982-83 academic year. That's because an though the President is not opposed to increasing number of eligible students and the amount contained in the agree­ read this article and keep it in mind more government money to cover high-in­ ment for veterans' benefits and serv­ when the fiscal year 1982 appropria­ terest costs for federal loan programs may ices, the restoration of these funds for tions bill for education reaches the mean Congress will award students steadily veterans must come at the expense of House floor. Maintaining at least an dwindling aid over their college careers. a reduction in other departments or $1,800 maximum Pell grant and $2.65 Meantime, Congress decided late last agencies. This, in my view, places the billion in funding are important as month to authorize a maximum of $2.65 bil­ Appropriations Committee in an im­ higher education opportunities for a lion for 1982-83 Pell grants, up about 13% possible situation. I would agree with great many Americans. from the year-earlier appropriation of $2.35 billion. Actual appropriations for the 1982- Mr. BoLAND when he stated that to The article follows: 83 year and the maximum Pell grant award our knowledge neither Mr. Stockman BLACK COLLEGES GIRD FOR CASH CRISIS FROM haven't been set yet. nor anyone else in the administration REAGAN'S CUTS IN STUDENT AID Certain technical changes also are likely has asked us to offset any amount for (By Anthony Ramirez) to hurt. Congress eliminated, for example, veterans' benefits and services. We HOLLY SPRINGS, Mrss.-William A. McMil­ the $10-per-student administrative allow­ thought this issue was resolved when lan is waiting for the shock wave from ance to pay for clerical staff at colleges. we passed the so-called Gramm-Latta Washington to hit. As president of Rust At Rust, founded in 1866 and one of the substitute to the budget resolution, College, a small black institution in this oldest black schools in the U.S., these cuts and I hope the administration will live quiet town near the Tennessee border. Mr. could cause enrollment to drop 15% or with the agreement that was reached McMillan is wondering whether federal cuts more, Mr. McMillan says. That would de­ in student aid will mean fewer young blacks prive the school of much indirect federal at that time. will enroll here this fall. money for its $4.7 million operating budget. It would be a tragic loss for our vet­ "We are hoping for the best," he says, Mr. McMillan says he may have to phase erans for the President to veto this "and preparing for the worst." out several small academic departments, cut bill. If he should do so, I am sure the For Rust College, the question is far from book-purchase money for the 60,000-volume veterans of our Nation will be asking academic: 100%' of the student body receives library to $100,000 from $150,000, close the administration some critical ques­ financial aid. down "some" buildings Atlanta's Clark College, which the effect student aid reductions school year.) has an enrollment of about 1,800. "We're all Like other black schools, Rust's faculty would have on historically black col­ crossing our fingers," he says. and staff salaries are low. Pay for a full -pro­ leges and universities. Despite the Earlier this year, Congress approved re­ fessor, according to the admiriistration, is , President's "safety net" assurances to ductions in several aid programs, the most about $19,000 annually, but one faculty the presidents of these institutions, important of which for black private schools member, who doesn't want to· be identified,"· the administration's budget and legis­ is the Pell grant program. It provides flat says the actual top pay is $14;000. lative proposals have the potential of annual awards to needy students. or bus. introduced a bipartisan Reso­ bound volumes. tion and the 1925 Geneva protocol lution of Disapproval of the sale because I Rust's endowment is small, about $3.2 mil­ against their use. felt, as I do today, that this sale is contrary lion, and there is little in the way of private This is not a new problem concern­ to the national interest of the United contributions that might replace federal ing use of biological-chemical weapons. States. Two hundred fifty three Members- money. Mr. Doermann, who is president of 35 more than a majority, have cosponsored the Bush Foundation, in St. Paul, Minn., es­ The United Nations has already start­ the Long-Lent Resolution of Disapproval timates that for every $2 provided by corpo­ ed an investigation into Soviet abuse Arnold of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Serv­ e Mr. QUILEEN. Mr. Speaker, I am life). The headwater tributaries of at least ice. According to A. H. Johnson of the Uni­ pleased to join my colleagues in ex­ five Atlantic salmon rivers are sufficiently versity of Pennsylvania, headwaters of tending my best wishes to Gary Hymel acid to jeopardize the lives of young fish. streams in the Pine Barrens show signs of aa be begins his new career. New Hampshire: "The usual picture of acidification from precipitation. 1\'s been a real pleasure working acid-pickled lakes is beginning to emerge," Pennsylvania: "At present many of our says Ronald Towne, chief water pollution mountain steams can no longer support wilh Gary over the years. Gary was a biologist of the state's Water Supply and rainbow trout, and some of our first- and great asset to the Speaker's staff and Pollution Control Commission. "We have second-order streams can't even support the was also held in high regard by Mem­ lakes with low pH, low alkalinities, no fish more tolerant brown trout," says Fred John­ bers on both sides of the aisle. or missing year-classes, high aluminum." So son, Water Resources Coordinator of the I always found Gary fair and helpful far, Towne has found that seven high-alti­ Pennsylvania Fish Commission. "There are while at the same time dedicated and tude lakes he has been able to reach by car also streams that we can't stock before the loyal to the Speaker. Gary held a diffi­ are "bad," but he hasn't been able to get trout season begins because of the acidity of cult and responsible position and he funds for a helicopter needed to sample the snowmelt. The situation is very serious." carried out his duties with skill and remote waters. A portion of Pennsylvania extending Vermont: Several lakes in the Brooks Wil­ through the central and northern sections good judgment. derness Area of the Green Mountain Na­ of the state routinely has the most acidic Again, I congratulate Gary on his tional Forest have a pH of 4, and two tribu­ rainfall of any large area in the country. fine service to the House and its Mem­ taries of the West River, Ball Mountain The average in the summer is pH 3.8. bers, and extend to him my best · Brook and Wardsboro Brook have been West Virginia: A dozen trout streams are wishes for his continued success.e acidified. too acid to support fish. Moreover, 150 miles Massachusetts: Acid precipitation is pelt­ of the state's total of 550 miles of native ing the state-this summer, the pH of a brook.trout streams are considered "threat­ ACID RAIN: AN AMERICAN rainstorm in Lawrence was 2.9-and Massa­ ened," says Don Gasper of the Department TRAGEDY chusetts' fisheries and drinking-water sup­ of Natural Resources. "The average pH of plies are both threatened by disaster. The this 150 miles of streams is 5.5," he says. "In Quabbin Reservoir, which supplies the the springtime it dips down to 4.8 or 5 and HON. JOHN J. LaFALCE Boston area, often registers surface water then climbs up to 6 in September. If the OF NEW YORK pH values in the 5s and 4s, according to stream pH were to decline a half a pH unit, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Alan VanArsdale, head of the Massachu­ there would be no more fish. West Virginia Thursday, September 17, 1981 setts Department of Environmental Quality is a stream state, and we're talking about Engineering's Acid Deposition Assessment losing one-quarter of our heritage," con­ e Mr. LAFALCE. Mr. Speaker, I com­ Program. Other bodies of water that have cludes Gasper. "What's coming down is mend to the attention of all of our col­ lost their buffering capacity include the very, very bad. We're really very worried." leagues an article penned by Robert H. headwaters of the Westfield, Deerfield and In addition, stocked streams are also being Boyle for the September 21, 1981, Swift rivers; the Wachusett Reservoir, affected. Gasper says that about 150 miles issue of Sports Illustrated. In "An Atkins Reservoir, North Watuppa Pond, the of these are too acid in the spring to be reservoir for Fall River; a series of high-ele­ stocked. American Tragedy," Mr. Boyle likens vation (1,200 to 2,000 feet> ponds and reser­ Kentucky: In Cumberland State Park, lo­ acid rain to a "chemical leprosy • • • voirs in the Berkshires; and the drinking­ cated in the southern part of the state, acid eating away at the face of the U.S." water ponds in Plymouth County. VanArs­ deposition is leaching heavy metals into wa­ · Mr. Speaker, the article is but an­ dale isn't optimistic about getting the EPA tersheds. Lake Nevin in the Bernheim other source of evidence detailing for funds needed to investigate or improve the Forest, which is close to the Kentucky-Indi­ all who choose to read it that acid rain situation. "They're not going beyond step ana border, has detectable levels of lead. is not a problem confined to the one to start funding activities in the North­ North Carolina-Tennessee: The Great Northeast, that acid rain is not the east," he says. "They're waiting till we Smoky Mountains National Park, which scream bloody murder." covers 509,000 acres in both states, is taking new cause celebre around which the Rhode Island: Officials are keeping a a battering. The beautiful blue haze that descendants of Sun Day rally to pro­ watch on the Scituate Reservoir system, comes from lacquers and oils liberated from tect the environmental movement for which serves as the drinking-water supply the forest canopy is rarely seen. Instead, vis­ its own sake, and that acid rain is not for nearly half of Rhode Island. The total ibility has been greatly reduced, obscured a problem that can only be resolved by alkalinity of the reservoir is low, ranging by an ugly gray haze composed of man- 21134 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1981 made particulates, mostly aluminum sul­ of the Rocky Mountain Biological Laborato­ UNIVERSITIES: AMERICAN, EUROPEAN, THIRD fates. After the Los Angeles basin, the west­ ry reported that small lakes and streams in WoRLD em slope of the southern Appalachians, the Elk Mountains near Crested Butte in from Georgia north to Kentucky, has the western Colorado have very high levels of highest frequency of air stagnation in the acid. Harte said that the pH of rain and The literature and documentation of our u.s. snow in the area had sunk as low as 3.6 in educational decline have grown enormously The average pH of precipitation in the some ·storms. in the last quarter-century, but we have now park has gone from 5.3 in 1955 to 4.4 in 1973 Wyoming: The average pH of precipita­ reached the moment when we may see edu­ and 4.2 in 1980. In the spring, stream pH tion falling at Yellowstone National Park cation in perspective. Perspective in this levels drop to as low as 4.3, and aluminum was 5.2 in 1980. case means the retrospective and prospec­ leaching is ongoing. In Beech Flats Creek Montana: The pH average for precipita­ tive glance-but also a sideways look-to see zinc and aluminum have reached nearly tion in Glacier National Park was 4.9. what happens in other countries and conti­ toxic levels for fish, and rainbow trout in Idaho: The 1980-81 pH average at Craters neents where the initial situation was differ­ the park contained more than the permissi­ of the Moon National Monument was 4.8. ent from ours. ble amount of mercury allowed for human All these Rocky Mountain averages are for I have been helped in my assessment of consumption until the Food and Drug Ad­ wet deposition only. the state of education by two factors. One is ministration raised the level from 0.5 parts New Mexico: Acid precipitation with a pH the awareness that the Sodom-and-Gomor­ per million to 1 in 1979. In lakes lying just often in the 4s and occasionally in the 3s rah morality and public spirit which perme­ outside the park boundary in North Caroli­ has been reported for the Teseque Water­ ate our existence are due largely to what na, smallmouth bass have abnormal back­ sheds in the Santa Fe National Forest. has been going on in our schools and univer­ bones, generally associated with aluminum Arizona: The 1980 pH average for Tomb­ sities. We always knew it, but since 1968-70 toxicity. Amphibians, particularly salaman­ stone was 5.2. the realization has kept hitting us with a ders, are also threatened. The park contains Washington: Twenty-four of 68 lakes sam­ particular force. The other element of my the greatest diversity of salamanders in the pled in the Olympic Mountains and the Cas­ perspective on education is derived from world, including the Plethodontidae, the cades by Drs. Eugene B. Welch and William various sojourns in other lands where, in de­ lungless salamanders that probably evolved H. Chamberlain, of the University of Wash­ veloped as well as so-called underdeveloped in the region. · ington, had a pH of less than 6. Seven lakes countries, I could observe at first hand­ Georgia: Northeastern Georgia, extending had a pH of less than 5.5; they all were lo­ while teaching and lecturing-the mentali­ from Raymond County to Pickens County, cated in the Alpine Lakes Wilderness, due ties, programs, and educational policies. has low buffering capacity, according to east of Seattle. In a report submitted to the Next to economic development and state environmental officials. There have National Park Service, Welch and Chamber­ growth, education is the most universal been reports of skeletal deformities in lain noted that 70% of the rainfall moni­ demand today, and we may legitimately smallmouth bass in Lake Chatuga, a north­ tored in Seattle ranged in pH from 5.2 to argue that the two are connected. The in­ em reservoir, and officials say there's some 4.2. dustrial revolution and the rise of democra­ indication that these might be the effects of California: Dr. Doug Lawson, a researcher cy made universal compulsory schooling low pH. for the state Air Resources Board, says, necessary, and vice versa: the schooled man Florida: Acid precipitation threatens "The state has levels of acid precipitation as asked for well-remunerated work and for poorly buffered lakes in the sandy central high as or higher than any place in the the right to share in the political process. highlands region that runs the length of country, and we do have areas that are very After a country's economic and political the peninsula. According to Dr. P. L. Bre­ susceptible in the Sierra Nevada and around regime, education has become the third zonik, water resources specialist formerly of Los Angeles where there are exposed most important measuring rod of progress. the University of Florida and now at the granitic surfaces." The pH of drizzle meas­ Thus it was inevitable for American educa­ University of Minnesota, the acidity of Flor­ ured by Dr. James Morgan of Cal Tech in tion to topple from the pedestal where Car­ ida rainfall has increased markedly in the 1978 was 2.9. Recently, when scientists flew dinal Newman had positioned it. In Amer­ last 25 years. The most acidic rains-with a through smog over Los Angeles, they were ica, together with industry and democracy, pH of less than 4.7-fall on the northern unable to conduct tests because acids had education was regarded as part of the· secu­ two-thirds of the state. corroded their instruments.e lar trinity. It became also inevitable that Michigan: Some 16,000 lakes of more than the masses of candidates for schooling 10 acres each are considered susceptible to THE IDEA OF A UNIVERSITY would debase the high ideals of scholarship acid precipitation. More than half the 8,000 and culture, and insist on lowering stand­ lakes and ponds in the Upper Peninsula ards until all could reach them. To the stu­ have an alkalinity of only about 10 parts per HON. DANIEL B. CRANE dent masses, masses of teachers and profes­ million. The Keeweenaw Peninsula on Lake OF ILLINOIS sors were added, the majority of them with Superior receives one of the heaviest snow­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES no ideals higher than those of their pupils falls in the U.S., averaging about 12 to 13 and students: a job and a life easier than feet annually, and the median pH for snow­ Thursday, September 17, 1981 that of their average fellow citizens. falls in the winter of 1977-78 was 4.5. • Mr. CRANE of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, Since the damage done in schools-to Wisconsin: Twenty-six hundred lakes of our universities are disappearing. The minds, to the moral sense, to the cultural more than 20 acres in size are considered noted scholar and teacher, Prof. patrimony-is not so easy and rapid to very susceptible to acidification because Thomas Molnar, added to his formida­ detect as in industry, engineering, or medi­ they have a pH of 6 or less and little alkalin­ cine, several decades had to pass before we ity. ble reputation as one of the most per­ could be fully aware that education attained Minnesota: The northern part of the ceptive thinkers of our time by observ­ its two-centuries-old goal, that of educating state, particularly the Boundary Waters ing more than 20 years ago that uni­ everybody in. the name of identical presup­ Canoe Area Wilderness, is susceptible to versities were "becoming subcultural P!>Sitions. The failure to recognize what had acidification. In fact, the "Transboundary and mass-cultural supermarkets where happened was hidden by the tumultuous Air Pollution Interim Report," prepared last the citizens enroll to receive a docu­ character of our democratic industrial civili­ February by a group of American and Cana­ ment, a kind of identification card, au­ zation: so many channels exist for the edu­ dian scientists, noted that "Atmosphere thorizing them to circulate in a bu­ cation Burckhardt and Matthew Arnold, who re­ tion and "bestsellers." Roman vogue of Stoicism

7~59 ()-85-20 (Pt. 16) 21140 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1981 The wind blows like mad but it's not good ering power to the house, Plitt's Potomac DEFENSE DOLLARS: STRAIGHT on an annual basis. All through the Appa­ Edison electric meter runs slower. If a storm TO YOUR WAIST lachians is good . . . all the way up through drove the windmill furiously at night when New England ... A dynamite area is the Plitt's house was using little power, the elec­ Texas panhandle, western Kansas, central tric meter might actually run backward, al­ HON. DONALD J. PEASE Wyoming." though this has not happened yet. OF OHIO Vivari said that as a rule of thumb you Plitt bought his house in a subdivision in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES need an annu&.l average wind speed of 10 knots