Resident Street Tree Planting Program Policy
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Tree Planting Guide
City of Bellingham Tree Planting Guide This guide provides you with resources for planting trees in the city. Using the right tree in the right place, and maintaining it correctly will provide healthy, beautiful trees whose benefits can be enjoyed by the community for many years. Why plant trees? ....................... page 1 Get a Street Tree Permit First.... page 2 Check the Site & Choose the Right Tree……........ page 3 Plant it Right………………...……page 4 Four trees are removed for every one planted in most American cities. Help it Grow ……...……………… pg 5 & 6 A single large average tree absorbs 26 pounds of CO2 per year. Resources………………………… pg 6 Each vehicle spews out approximately 100 pounds of CO2 per year. Why Plant Trees? Trees in an urban area increase quality of life by: Air quality and cleansing - A typical person uses 386 lb. of oxygen per year. A healthy 32 ft. tall ash tree can produce about 260 lb. of oxygen annually. Two of these trees would supply the oxygen needs of a person each year! Improved water quality - The canopy of a street tree intercepts rain, reducing the amount of water that will fall on pavement and then be removed by a storm water system. Heating & Cooling Costs - A mature tree canopy reduces air temperatures by about 5 to 10° F, influencing the internal temperatures of nearby buildings. Trees divert wind in the winter and increase winter-time temperatures. Increased home sales prices - When homes with equivalent features are evaluated, a 6% increase to the value is associated with nearby trees. Soil Stabilization - Tree roots stabilize soil, helping to minimize erosion. -
Tilia Platyphyllosplatyphyllos Large-Leaflarge-Leaf Linden,Linden, Broad-Leafbroad-Leaf Lime,Lime, Large-Leavedlarge-Leaved Limelime
TiliaTilia platyphyllosplatyphyllos Large-leafLarge-leaf Linden,Linden, Broad-leafBroad-leaf Lime,Lime, large-leavedlarge-leaved limelime SEASONAL COLOURS jan feb mar apr mei jun jul aug sep okt nov dec TYPES OF PLANTING Tree types: standard trees, multi-stemmed trees, trees for climbing, shade trees, characteristic trees, woodland planting stock | Topiary on stem: block, pollard, espalier | Topiary: cylinder, block, column, hedge, hedge element, archway, espalier USE Location: street, avenue, square, car park / parking lot, park, central reservation, large garden, cemetery, countryside, ecological zone, windbreak | Pavement: none, open, sealed | Planting concepts: food forest, Eco planting, Landscape planting, shade-tolerant CHARACTERISTICS Crown shape: wide egg-shaped | Crown structure: dense | Height: 25 - 30 m | Width: 20 - 25 m | Winter hardiness zone: 4A - 8B ASPECTS Wind: tolerant to wind | Soil: loess, sabulous clay, light clay, sand, loamy soil | Nutrient level: moderately rich in nutrients, rich in nutrients | Soil moisture level: moist | Light requirements: sun, partial shade, shade | pH range: acidic, neutral, alkaline | Host plant/forage plant: bees, birds, nectar value 5, pollen value 5 | Extreme environments: tolerates air pollution, limited to rare infestation by lice PLANTKENMERKEN Flowers: corymbose, striking, pendulous, scented | Flower colour: cream-yellow | Flowering period: June - July | Leaf colour: green, underside pale green | Leaves: deciduous, cordate, underside hairy, serrate | Autumn colour: yellow | Fruits: discrete, drupe | Fruit colour: grey-green | Bark colour: grey | Bark: furrowed | Twig colour: red-brown | Twigs: hairy | Root system: deep, extensive, fine roots, central root, root suckers Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org). -
Ergonomics of Tree Planting Work Among British Columbia Forest Workers
ERGONOMICS OF TREE PLANTING WORK AMONG BRITISH COLUMBIA FOREST WORKERS by David Glenn Trites B.Sc. Dalhousie University 1984 THESIS SUBMITIED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE (KINESIOLOGY) in the School of Kinesiology O David Glenn Trites 1992 Simon Fraser University July 1992 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. APPROVAL Name: David Glenn Trites Degree: Master of Science Title of Thesis: Ergonomics of Tree Planting Work Among British Columbia Forest Workers Examining Committee: Chair: Dr. W. Parkhouse Dr. E.W. Banister Senior Supervisor Dr. M. Allen 't Dr. T.J. mid External Examiner Human Factors Research Bureau of Mines Minneapolis, Mn USA 13 August 1992 Date Approved: PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENSE I hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis, project or extended essay (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this work for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. It is understood that copying or publication of this work for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Title of Thesis/Project/Extended Essay Author: (si gnatur ,, Abstract Little objective data exist characterizing the ergonomic demand of tree planting work although a substantial number of workers are seasonally employed in the industry each year in British Columbia. -
Tree Crops for Marginal Farmland
Agricultural Extension Service The University of Tennessee PB1463 Tree Crops For Marginal Farmland Christmas Trees With a Financial Analysis 1 2 Tree Crops For Marginal Farmland Christmas Trees With a Financial Analysis David Mercker Extension Associate, The University of Tennessee Originally developed by: George M. Hopper Professor, The University of Tennessee James E. Johnson Associate Professor, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Larry A. Johnson former Associate Professor, The University of Tennessee James W. Pease Assistant Professor, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University 3 Acknowledgments This publication is a 2002 revision of the text and financial analysis of The University of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service publication PB 1463 (1995) of the same title. The author acknowledges the original authors of this publication: James E. Johnson and James W. Pease, Vir- ginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; and Larry A. Johnson and George M. Hopper, The University of Tennessee. Special thanks to Robert Wright (Tennessee Department of Agricul- tural Forestry Division) and Wayne Clatterbuck and Donald Hodges (The University of Tennessee) for contributions on cost estimates and financial analysis. The Cooperative Extension Service of the United States Department of Agriculture provided funds for the original development of the Tree Crops for Marginal Farmland project. 4 Tree Crops for Marginal Farmland Many producers would like to increase farm income and decrease income variability. A growing number of farmers are investigating new and diversified sources of income. A resource that has not been tapped to its full potential is marginal farmland, specifically its use for growing tree crops. More than 30 million acres of woodland, idle pasture and cropland exist on Southeast farms, and much of this land could be producing valuable tree crops. -
Forest Update 1
Forest Update www.trilliontrees.org 1 In recognition of this year’s launch Restoring the lungs of the city of the UN Decade on Ecosystem in Tanzania Restoration, we’re celebrating some WWF Tanzania, the Tanzania Forest Service and local com- munities are leading efforts to restore coastal forests near of our amazing restoration projects. Dar es Salaam. Pugu, Kazimzumbwi, and Vikindu Forests are the lungs of the city, Despite the challenges that 2020 and are vestiges of some of the oldest forests in the world. These presented, our partners continued forests are critical to the health of the city and the livelihoods of local communities. Protecting and restoring these remnants of a the hard work to deliver the right once vast forest is crucial. Alongside efforts to protect this vital trees in the right places. Although the landscape, tree planting events are organised with local schools and community groups to restore important tree species in the stories in this newsletter highlight the degraded areas of the reserves. In 2020, WWF started Foresters inspirational restoration work of the for the Future, which aims to plant 100 hectares – about 150,000 trees – by training a cadre of young people who will plant trees partners, in many landscapes there are in their communities and become advocates for the mainte- also additional projects underway to nance of forests and wildlife in Tanzania. protect standing forests. Of course, restoration and planting efforts were impacted by Covid-19 over the last year, but the team is enthusiastic to get back to work and to have planted 40,000 new seedlings by the summer. -
Wood Identification and Chemistry' Covers the Physicalproperties and Structural Features of Hardwoods and Softwoods
11 DOCUMENT RESUME ED 031 555 VT 007 853 Woodworking Technology. San Diego State Coll., Calif. Dept. of Industrial Arts. Spons Agency-Office of Education (DHEA Washington, D.C. Pub Date Aug 68 Note-252p.; Materials developed at NDEA Inst. for Advanced Studyin Industrial Arts (San Diego, June 24 -Au9ust 2, 1968). EDRS Price MF -$1.00 He -$13.20 Descriptors-Curriculum Development, *Industrial Arts, Instructional Materials, Learning Activities, Lesson Plans, Lumber Industry, Resource Materials, *Resource Units, Summer Institutes, Teaching Codes, *Units of Study (Sublect Fields), *Woodworking Identifiers-*National Defense Education Act TitleXIInstitute, NDEA TitleXIInstitute, Woodworking Technology SIX teaching units which were developed by the 24 institute participantsare given. "Wood Identification and Chemistry' covers the physicalproperties and structural features of hardwoods and softwoods. "Seasoning" explainsair drying, kiln drying, and seven special lumber seasoning processes. "Researchon Laminates" describes the bending of solid wood and wood laminates, beam lamination, lamination adhesives,. andplasticlaminates."Particleboard:ATeachingUnitexplains particleboard manufacturing and the several classes of particleboard and theiruses. "Lumber Merchandising" outhnes lumber grades andsome wood byproducts. "A Teaching Unitin Physical Testing of Joints, Finishes, Adhesives, and Fasterners" describes tests of four common edge pints, finishes, wood adhesives, and wood screws Each of these units includes a bibhography, glossary, and student exercises (EM) M 55, ...k.",z<ONR; z _: , , . "'zr ss\ ss s:Ts s , s' !, , , , zs "" z' s: - 55 Ts 5. , -5, 5,5 . 5, :5,5, s s``s ss ' ,,, 4 ;.< ,s ssA 11111.116; \ ss s, : , \s, s's \ , , 's's \ sz z, ;.:4 1;y: SS lza'itVs."4,z ...':',\\Z'z.,'I,,\ "t"-...,,, `,. -
Tree Owner's Manual Table of Contents for the Northeastern And
United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry NA-FR-04-07 November 2008 TTreeree Owner’s Manual for the Northeastern and Midwestern United States www.treeownersmanual.info Tree Owner's Manual Table of Contents for the Northeastern and Midwestern United States Important Precautions ................................1 Model Information and Parts Diagram ........2 Deciduous Model..................................... .2 Authors: Evergreen Model...................................... 3 Jill R. Johnson, Forest Service Packaging ..................................................3 Roots .......................................................3 Gary R. Johnson, University of Minnesota Trunk and Branches .................................3 Maureen H. McDonough, Michigan State Pre-Installation (Preparing to Plant) ...........4 University Materials ................................................4 Lisa L. Burban, Forest Service Instructions .............................................4 Installation (Planting) .................................6 Janette K. Monear, Tree Trust Materials .................................................6 Instructions .............................................6 Illustrator: Maintenance Schedule ............................. 12 Maintenance Instructions ......................... 13 Jennifer Salveson Watering ................................................ 13 Installing a Trunk Guard ........................ 14 Technical Reviewers: Preventing and Correcting Katie Armstrong, -
The Influence of American Chestnut
ARTICLE IN PRESS Pedobiologia 50 (2007) 553—562 www.elsevier.de/pedobi The influence of American Chestnut (Castanea dentata) on nitrogen availability, organic matter and chemistry of silty and sandy loam soils Charles C. Rhoadesà US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 240 W. Prospect, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA Received 28 September 2006; accepted 1 October 2006 KEYWORDS Summary Tree species effects; American chestnut trees once dominated vast areas of deciduous forest in eastern Soil nitrogen cycling; North America, but the exotic chestnut blight almost eliminated the species from Net mineralization; the region. Introduction of blight-resistant American chestnut hybrids will probably Soil texture; start in the next decade after many years of tree breeding. What were the historic Parent material; effects of chestnut on forest soils, and what changes may follow reintroduction of Forest restoration hybrid chestnuts? A site in southern Wisconsin provided an opportunity to examine the effect of chestnut trees on soil properties. At this site, 600 km northwest of chestnut’s historic distribution, naturalized chestnuts have spread throughout an intact mixed-species forest from nine planted trees. The site contains soil developed on a silty loess-mantled ridge that abuts sandier hillslopes, allowing the effects of individual chestnuts to be examined on two soil types. I sampled and analyzed forest floor and mineral soils beneath canopies of individual American chestnuts and the surrounding mixed-species deciduous forest on fine-silt and sandy-loam soil types. On sandy loam soils, total soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), inorganic N and net mineralization and nitrification rates were 10–17% higher beneath chestnut canopies compared to soils beneath mixed-species deciduous forest. -
Species List For: Engelmann Woods NA 174 Species
Species List for: Engelmann Woods NA 174 Species Franklin County Date Participants Location NA List NA Nomination List List made by Maupin and Kurz, 9/9/80, and 4/21/93 WGNSS Lists Webster Groves Nature Study Society Fieldtrip Participants WGNSS Vascular Plant List maintained by Steve Turner Species Name (Synonym) Common Name Family COFC COFW Acalypha virginica Virginia copperleaf Euphorbiaceae 2 3 Acer negundo var. undetermined box elder Sapindaceae 1 0 Acer saccharum var. undetermined sugar maple Sapindaceae 5 3 Achillea millefolium yarrow Asteraceae/Anthemideae 1 3 Actaea pachypoda white baneberry Ranunculaceae 8 5 Adiantum pedatum var. pedatum northern maidenhair fern Pteridaceae Fern/Ally 6 1 Agastache nepetoides yellow giant hyssop Lamiaceae 4 3 Ageratina altissima var. altissima (Eupatorium rugosum) white snakeroot Asteraceae/Eupatorieae 2 3 Agrimonia rostellata woodland agrimony Rosaceae 4 3 Ambrosia artemisiifolia common ragweed Asteraceae/Heliantheae 0 3 Ambrosia trifida giant ragweed Asteraceae/Heliantheae 0 -1 Amelanchier arborea var. arborea downy serviceberry Rosaceae 6 3 Antennaria parlinii var. undetermined (A. plantaginifolia) plainleaf pussytoes Asteraceae/Gnaphalieae 5 5 Aplectrum hyemale putty root Orchidaceae 8 1 Aquilegia canadensis columbine Ranunculaceae 6 1 Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum (A. atrorubens) Jack-in-the-pulpit Araceae 6 -2 Aristolochia serpentaria Virginia snakeroot Aristolochiaceae 6 5 Arnoglossum atriplicifolium (Cacalia atriplicifolia) pale Indian plantain Asteraceae/Senecioneae 4 5 Arnoglossum reniforme (Cacalia muhlenbergii) great Indian plantain Asteraceae/Senecioneae 8 5 Asarum canadense wild ginger Aristolochiaceae 6 5 Asclepias quadrifolia whorled milkweed Asclepiadaceae 6 5 Asimina triloba pawpaw Annonaceae 5 0 Asplenium rhizophyllum (Camptosorus) walking fern Aspleniaceae Fern/Ally 7 5 Asplenium trichomanes ssp. trichomanes maidenhair spleenwort Aspleniaceae Fern/Ally 9 5 Srank: SU Grank: G? * Barbarea vulgaris yellow rocket Brassicaceae 0 0 Blephilia hirsuta var. -
The Tree How to Identify a Linden (Tilia Spp.) the Pesticides the Pest
The Tree Tilia cordata, the Littleleaf Linden tree is native to Europe. It has been at the center of several bumble bee kills in Oregon. T. cordata often produces more flowers than other linden trees. It also produces mannose in its nectar that may be slightly toxic. Many native bees and wasps do not have the enzyme to break down mannose. European honey bees, Apis mellifera, do not appear to be as affected by mannose; at least one theory is that because they are from Europe, they share a developmental history with T. cordata. In general, linden trees have few pest problems; aphids are listed as one of the only insect pests of Tilia trees. Tilia leaf comparison How to Identify a Linden (Tilia spp.) DURING THE WINTER/DORMANT SEASON: 1. Bark is gray-brown and on mature trees is ridged or plated. 2. Twigs are light brown to gray, or may be red-tinged. 3. Buds are prominent, single, plump and often bulge on one side, and are red-brown to dark red in color. 4. Floral bracts and fruit may remain on the tree through winter. DURING THE GROWING SEASON: 1. Leaves are singular, alternate, heart-shaped, finely toothed, and the undersides of leaves often are fuzzy. Leaves at the stem end are asymmetrically attached to the stem. 2. Flowers are attached by floral bract that is 2-to-4 inches long. White to yellow flowers with five petals in hanging clusters of five-to-seven bloom in mid-June or early July. Flowers are fragrant and highly attractive to pollinators. -
Ramping up Reforestation in the United States: a Guide for Policymakers March 2021 Cover Photo: CDC Photography / American Forests
Ramping up Reforestation in the United States: A Guide for Policymakers March 2021 Cover photo: CDC Photography / American Forests Executive Summary Ramping Up Reforestation in the United States: A Guide for Policymakers is designed to support the development of reforestation policies and programs. The guide highlights key findings on the state of America’s tree nursery infrastructure and provides a range of strategies for encouraging and enabling nurseries to scale up seedling production. The guide builds on a nationwide reforestation assessment (Fargione et al., 2021) and follow-on assessments (Ramping Up Reforestation in the United States: Regional Summaries companion guide) of seven regions in the contiguous United States (Figure 1). Nursery professionals throughout the country informed our key findings and strategies through a set of structured interviews and a survey. Across the contiguous U.S., there are over 133 million acres of reforestation opportunity on lands that have historically been forested (Cook-Patton et al., 2020). This massive reforestation opportunity equals around 68 billion trees. The majority of opportunities occur on pastureland, including those with poor soils in the Eastern U.S. Additionally, substantial reforestation opportunities in the Western U.S. are driven by large, severe wildfires. Growing awareness of this potential has led governments and organizations to ramp up reforestation to meet ambitious climate and biodiversity goals. Yet, there are many questions about the ability of nurseries to meet the resulting increase in demand for tree seedlings. These include a lack of seed, workforce constraints, and insufficient nursery infrastructure. To meet half of the total reforestation opportunity by 2040 (i.e., 66 million acres) would require America’s nurseries to produce an additional 1.8 billion seedlings each year. -
Silver Linden Tilia Tomentosa
Smart tree selections for communities and landowners Silver Linden Tilia tomentosa Height: 50’ - 70’ Spread: 30’ - 50’ Site characteristics: Moist, deep, fertile, well-drained soils; full sun to partial shade; very site adaptable Zone: 4 - 7 Wet/dry: Tolerates drought Native range: Southeastern Europe and Southwestern Asia pH: 5.0 - 8.5 Shape: Pyramidal with dense, coarse foliage Foliage: Glossy green with silvery-white color on the underside of the leaf Other: Tolerates heat and drought better than T. cordata; tolerates urban sites, heat, drought and pollution; able to prune into a hedge Cultivars: Green Mountain (‘PNI 6051’) – fast growing, symmetrical, dense canopy. Satin Shadow (‘Sashazam’) – possibly more cold hardy, symmetrical, reportedly resistant to Japanese beetles. Sterling Silver (also listed as ‘Sterling’) – dense canopy, resistant to Japanese beetles and gypsy moths. Pests: Reportedly less susceptible to Japanese beetles than other lindens due to the soft, downy hairs on the underside of the leaves. No serious pests or disease problems. Jesse Saylor, MSU Jesse Saylor, MSU Jesse Saylor, MSU Jesse Saylor, Content development: Dana Ellison, Tree form illustrations: Marlene Cameron. Smart tree selections for communities and landowners Bert Cregg and Robert Schutzki, Michigan State University, Departments of Horticulture and Forestry A smart urban or community landscape has a diverse combination of trees. The devastation caused by exotic pests such as Dutch elm disease, chestnut blight and emerald ash borer has taught us the importance of species diversity in our landscapes. Exotic invasive pests can devastate existing trees because many of these species may not have evolved resistance mechanisms in their native environments.