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The Worst Earthquake and Tsunami to Hit Japan New and Forthcoming Earth Science Titles from Cambridge GeoscientistThe Fellowship magazine of The Geological Society of London | www.geolsoc.org.uk | Volume 21 No 4 | May 2011 follow [www.twitter.com/geoscientistmag us on twitter ] SHALE GAS Energy saviour or another environmental curse? DANGEROUS LIAISONS Lord Elgin cuckolded by Society founder WATER WALL The worst earthquake and tsunami to hit Japan New and forthcoming Earth Science titles from Cambridge Rock Fractures in ,ĞĂƚ'ĞŶĞƌĂƟŽŶĂŶĚ Geological Processes Transport in the Earth Agust Gudmundsson, Royal Claude Jaupart, Université Paris- Holloway, University of London ŝĚĞƌŽƚ/ŶƐƟƚƵƚĚĞWŚLJƐŝƋƵĞĚƵ Hardback Globe de Paris. 9780521863926 Jean-Claude Mareschal, May 2011 hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚĠĚƵYƵĠďĞĐ͕DŽŶƚƌĠĂů £45.00 Hardback 9780521894883 November 2010 £45.00 Explores and explains fracture ƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĞƐĂŶĚŇƵŝĚƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚŝŶ ŶƵƉͲƚŽͲĚĂƚĞƚƌĞĂƟƐĞŽŶŚĞĂƚ the crust, with numerous worked transport processes for advanced ĞdžĂŵƉůĞƐ͕ƐƚĞƉͲďLJͲƐƚĞƉĐĂůĐƵůĂƟŽŶƐ students and researchers of geophysics, ĂŶĚƉƌĂĐƟĐĞĞdžĞƌĐŝƐĞƐ͘ geodynamics and ŵĂŐŵĂƟĐƉƌŽĐĞƐƐĞƐ͘ ƌƵƉƟŽŶƐƚŚĂƚ ŝŽŵŝŶĞƌĂůƐĂŶĚ&ŽƐƐŝůƐ ^ŚŽŽŬƚŚĞtŽƌůĚ Through Time Clive Oppenheimer, Jean-Pierre Cuif, Université de Paris- hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨĂŵďƌŝĚŐĞ ^ƵĚ//͕KƌƐĂLJ͘ Yannicke Dauphin, Hardback Université de Paris VI (Pierre et 9780521641128 DĂƌŝĞƵƌŝĞͿ͘:ĂŵĞƐ͘^ŽƌĂƵĨ͕ State June 2011 hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨEĞǁzŽƌŬ͕ŝŶŐŚĂŵƚŽŶ £19.99 Hardback 9780521874731 December 2010 £75.00 ƐƉĞůůďŝŶĚŝŶŐĞdžƉůŽƌĂƟŽŶ of the history’s greatest Fossil biomineralizarion in a volcanic events and their geologic framework for researchers impacts on the history of in paleontology, Earth history, ŚƵŵĂŶŬŝŶĚ͘ ƐĞĚŝŵĞŶƚŽůŽŐLJĂŶĚŐĞŽĐŚĞŵŝƐƚƌLJ͘ Ichnology: Organism- 'ĞŽŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƟĐƐ͗ ^ƵďƐƚƌĂƚĞ/ŶƚĞƌĂĐƟŽŶƐ Cyberinfrastructure for ŝŶ^ƉĂĐĞĂŶĚdŝŵĞ ƚŚĞ^ŽůŝĚĂƌƚŚ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞƐ Luis Buatois, University of '͘ZĂŶĚLJ<ĞůůĞƌ͕University of ^ĂƐŬĂƚĐŚĞǁĂŶ͕ĂŶĂĚĂ͘ KŬůĂŚŽŵĂ͘Chaitanya Baru, D͘'ĂďƌŝĞůĂDĄŶŐĂŶŽ͕ University hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨĂůŝĨŽƌŶŝĂ͕^ĂŶŝĞŐŽ ŽĨ^ĂƐŬĂƚĐŚĞǁĂŶ͕ĂŶĂĚĂ Hardback Hardback 9780521855556 9780521897150 June 2011 £50.00 May 2011 £80.00 A comprehensive study of trace Presents case studies from across the ĨŽƐƐŝůƐƚŚƌŽƵŐŚŐĞŽůŽŐŝĐƟŵĞĨŽƌ ŐĞŽƐĐŝĞŶĐĞƐƚŽƉƌŽǀŝĚĞĂĨĂƐĐŝŶĂƟŶŐ paleontologists, sedimentologists ĂŶĚĂĐĐĞƐƐŝďůĞŝŶƚƌŽĚƵĐƟŽŶƚŽƚŚŝƐ ĂŶĚƉĞƚƌŽůĞƵŵŐĞŽƐĐŝĞŶƟƐƚƐ͘ ĞŵĞƌŐŝŶŐĮĞůĚ͘ DĂŶƚůĞŽŶǀĞĐƟŽŶ dŚĞƌŵŽĚLJŶĂŵŝĐƐŽĨƚŚĞ for Geologists ĂƌƚŚĂŶĚWůĂŶĞƚƐ 'ĞŽīƌĞLJ&͘ĂǀŝĞƐ͕ ƵƐƚƌĂůŝĂŶ ůďĞƌƚŽWĂƟŹŽŽƵĐĞ͕ EĂƟŽŶĂůhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕ĂŶďĞƌƌĂ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨ'ĞŽƌŐŝĂ Hardback Hardback 9780521198004 9780521896214 February 2011 July 2011 £35.00 £50.00 ŶĂĐĐĞƐƐŝďůĞĞdžƉůĂŶĂƟŽŶŽĨƚŚĞ /ŶƚƵŝƟǀĞLJĞƚŵĂƚŚĞŵĂƟĐĂůůLJƌŝŐŽƌŽƵƐ Earth’s fundamental tectonic ŝŶƚƌŽĚƵĐƟŽŶƚŽƚŚĞƌŵŽĚLJŶĂŵŝĐƐŽĨ mechanism for students and planetary processes for advanced researchers across a variety of students and researchers in Earth ŐĞŽƐĐŝĞŶĐĞĚŝƐĐŝƉůŝŶĞƐ͘ ĂŶĚƉůĂŶĞƚĂƌLJƐĐŝĞŶĐĞƐ͘ CONTENTS GEOSCIENTIST IN THIS ISSUE MAY 2011 FEATURES 14 SHALE GAS - BLESSING OR CURSE? Dick Selley on the hottest potential new energy source 20 THE ELGIN SCANDAL Cherry Lewis on the mineralogist and Society founder who cuckolded Lord Elgin REGULARS 05 EDITORIAL Fukushima emphasises need for a safe nuclear repository, says Ted Nield 06 SOAPBOX Geoffrey Dearn begs for the return of real specimens to our museums 07 GEONEWS What’s new in the world of geoscientific research 26 COVER IMAGE: WAVE HELLO 10 SOCIETY NEWS What your Society is doing at home A great natural disaster is hi-jacked (p5) plus, and abroad, in London and the regions the Englishman who first explained tsunamis 23 BOOK & ARTS Three reviews by Rob Reiser, Bernard Leake and Joe McCall 24 PEOPLE Geoscientists in the news and on the move 26 LETTERS We welcome your thoughts 27 CALENDAR Society activities this month 28 OBITUARY A distinguished Fellow remembered 29 CROSSWORD Win a special publication of your choice ONLINE SPECIALS n INTERNATIONAL WATERS Connecting UK hydrogeology internationally – by John Rodda, Harry 14 20 Dixon and Alan Jenkins MAY 2011 03 WATER TABLE 100m– 200m– 300m– Carbon Capture & Storage 400m– 500m– 22nd22nd andand 223rd3rd NNovemberovember 22011011 600m– CAP ROCK (impermeable) The Geological Society, London 700m– A joint meeting between the Geological Society and AAPG 800m– A scientific conference bringing together geoscientists and 900m– reservoir engineers seeking to understand and quantify capacity, integrity and injectivity of CO storage processes. 1km– 2 1100m– Speakers include: Stuart Haszeldine, University of Edinburgh 1200m– Bryan Lovell, Geological Society/University of Cambridge Peter Styring, University of Sheffield/CO Net 1300m– 2 Mercedes Maroto-Valer, University of Nottingham 1400m– Dermot Roddy, University of Newcastle John Kaldi, CO2CRC Australia 1500m– Convenors: 1600m– Jon Gluyas, University of Durham 1700m– Peter Kukla, RWTH Archen University John Kaldi, CO2CRC Australia 1800m– Hannes Leetaru, ISGS, Illinois Michael Stevenson, BGS 1900m– CAP ROCK (impermeable) Martin Blunt, Imperial College Richard Worden, University of Liverpool 2km– 2100m– Call for Papers & Further information 2200m– 2300m– 2400m– CAP ROCK 2500m– (impermeable) T F 2600m– E W 2700m– CAP ROCK 2800m– (impermeable) Image acknowledgement: Designed and produced by www.oncommunication.com for the CO2 Capture Project ~ EDITOR’S COMMENT GEOSCIENTIST THE GREAT WAVE AT KANAGAWA By Hokusai ~ LOGICAL MELTDOWN s our feature this month neatly Geoscientist is the E enquiries@centuryone illustrates, sources of energy – Fellowship magazine of publishing.ltd.uk the Geological Society W www.centuryone especially new or unfamiliar ones – of London publishing.ltd.uk can also become sources of endless Contact CHIEF EXECUTIVE angst in an age that takes power for The Geological Society, Nick Simpson granted and is unaware of the far Burlington House, Piccadilly, T 01727 893 894 London W1J 0BG E nick@centuryone greater evil that is not having T +44 (0)20 7434 9944 publishing.ltd.uk enoughA of it. F +44 (0)20 7439 8975 Thus, one could be forgiven for thinking that the E [email protected] ADVERTISING EXECUTIVE W www.geolsoc.org.uk Jonathan Knight main news story in recent months has not been the T 01727 739 193 death of tens of thousands of people in the worst Publishing House E jonathan@centuryone The Geological Society publishing.ltd.uk earthquake and tsunami to hit Japan in its long and Publishing House, Unit 7, disaster-strewn history, but a relatively minor Brassmill Enterprise Centre, ART EDITOR Brassmill Lane, Bath Heena Gudka leakage of radioactivity from the Fukushima BA1 3JN nuclear plant. This ludicrous distortion might be T 01225 445046 DESIGN & PRODUCTION blackly comic, were it not for the fact that - just as F 01225 442836 Sarah Astington Tanya Kant happened after the (completely non-lethal) 1978 Library Three Mile Island “disaster” - the work of building T +44 (0)20 7432 0999 PRINTED BY F +44 (0)20 7439 3470 Century One Publishing Ltd. a global nuclear capability to help us meet the E [email protected] much greater evils that face us (a looming energy Copyright EDITOR-IN-CHIEF The Geological Society of gap, global warming) will now be stymied by the Professor Tony Harris FGS London is a Registered Charity, two most powerful forces in human nature - number 210161. EDITOR ISSN (print) 0961-5628 ignorance and hysteria. Dr Ted Nield NUJ FGS ISSN (online) 2045-1784 The reactors at Fukushima shut down, as they were supposed to, when the earthquake struck. EDITORIAL BOARD The Geological Society of London Dr Sue Bowler FGS accepts no responsibility for the But reactors, and the ponds containing their Dr Robin Cocks FGS views expressed in any article in this recently-removed spent fuel, still need cooling; so Dr Martin Degg FGS publication. All views expressed, except where explicitly stated when the electricity grid failed (because so many Dr Joe McCall FGS otherwise, represent those of the Dr Jonathan Turner FGS author, and not The Geological other plants did likewise) diesel generators kept Dr Jan Zalasiewicz FGS Society of London. All rights reserved. No paragraph of this publication may the water flowing. Until, that is, the tsunami took Trustees of the Geological be reproduced, copied or transmitted their fuel tanks out. These could have been Society of London save with written permission. Users registered with Copyright Clearance engineered to withstand a 10 metre-high wall of Dr J P B Lovell OBE Center: the Journal is registered with (President); Professor P A CCC, 27 Congress Street, Salem, MA water, but weren’t. Allen (Secretary, Science); 01970, USA. 0961- Fukushima shows us that adequate civil Miss S Brough; Mr M 5628/02/$15.00. Every effort has Brown; Professor R Butler; been made to trace copyright holders engineering in the face even of tsunamis is Dr M Daly; Professor A J of material in this publication. If any eminently possible – as long as we fully Fleet (Treasurer); Dr S A rights have been omitted, the Gibson; Dr R Herrington; publishers offer their apologies. understand what the Earth can do, and it is Dr R A Hughes; Dr A Law; No responsibility is assumed by the geologists’ job to explain that to engineers. Second, Professor A R Lord Publisher for any injury and/or (Secretary, Foreign & damage to persons or property as a it demonstrates the urgent need to create properly External Affairs); Professor matter of products liability, engineered underground repositories. J Ludden; Mr P Maliphant; negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, Storing spent fuel on site, as happens at many Professor D A C Manning products, instructions or ideas (Secretary, Professional contained in the material herein.
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