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Surah Fatiha Behind Imam

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Surah Fatiha Behind Imam 2. Recitation Behind the Imam in Salah There are three opinions in this regard, we will analyze all opinions and conclude the best opinion that reconcile all ahadith and ayah. 1st Opinion: When Imam Recites Loudly Muqtadi should not recite. In a long Hadith, Hattan b. 'Abdullah al-Raqiishi reported: Abu Musa said: Don't you know what you have to recite in your prayers? Verily the Messenger of Allah PBUH addressed us and explained to us all its aspects and taught us how to observe prayer (properly). He (the Holy Prophet) said: When you pray make your rows straight and let anyone amongst you act as your Imam. Recite the takbir when he recites it and when he recites: Not of those with whom Thou art angry. nor of those who go astray, say: Amin. Allah would respond you. And when he (the Imam) recites the takbir, you may also recite the takbir, for the Imam bows before you and raises himself before you. Muslim :: Book 4 : Hadith 800 Commentary: “When he recites ‘Not of those with whom Thou art angry, nor of those who go astray’ this shows that when Imam recites loudly Muqtadi should remain silent” In a long Hadith, Narrated Abu Musa al-Ash'ari: Hittan ibn Abdullah ar-Ruqashi said: Abu Musa said: Do you not know how you utter (them) in your prayer? The Apostle of Allah PBUH addressed us, and taught us and explained to us our way of doing and taught us our prayer. He said: When you pray a (congregational) prayer, straighten your rows, then one of you should lead you in prayer. When he says the takbir (Allah is Most Great), say the takbir, and when he recites verses "Not of those upon whom is Thy anger, nor of those who err" (i.e. the end of Surah i.), say Amin; Allah will favor you. When he says "Allah is most great," and bows, say "Allah is most great" and bow, for the imam will bow before you, and will raise (his head) before you. Dawud :: Book 3 : Hadith 967, Sahih by Albani Commentary: “When he recites ‘Not of those with whom Thou art angry, nor of those who go astray’ this shows that when Imam recites loudly Muqtadi should remain silent” Ishaq ibn Musa Ansari reported from Ma’n who from Abu Nu’aym Wahb ibn Kaysan and he from Jabir ibn Abdullah RA. that he said, “If anyone missed surah al-Fatihah even in only one rakaah then it is as though he has not prayed the salah, but one who prays behind an imam is excused from that.” Tirmidhi 313, Sahih by Albani. Commentary: It is not clear from this hadith that it is specific for inaudible prayers, may be this Hadith tells us about the prayer in which imam recites louder. Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu Nuaym Wahb ibn Kaysan that he heard Jabir ibn Abdullah say, "Someone who prays a raka without reciting the umm al-Qur'an in it has not done the prayer except behind an imam." Malik :: Book 3 : Hadith 3.9.40 Commentary: It is not clear from this hadith that it is specific for inaudible prayers, may be this Hadith tells us about the prayer in which imam recites louder Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar, when asked if anyone should recite behind an imam, said, "When you pray behind an imam then the recitation of the imam is enough for you and when you pray on your own you must recite." Nafi added, "Abdullah ibn 'Umar used not to recite behind the imam." Malik:: Book 3 : Hadith 3.11.45 Commentary: It is not clear from this hadith that it is specific for inaudible prayers, may be this Hadith tells us about the prayer in which imam recites louder 1 2nd Opinion: Whether the Imam recites loudly or silently, the Muqtadi should recite any way. Ubadah ibn Samit (RA) reported: Once while Allah’s Messenger (SAW) led the fajr salah, the recitation of the Qur’an became difficult for him. When he finished, he said, “Perhaps you recite behind your imam.” They replied, “By Allah, yes, 0 Messenger of Allah!” He said, “Do not do it. Recite only the umm ul-Qur’an (Surah al-Fa’tihah), for, one who does not recite it has not offered salah.” Tirmidhi 311, Sheikh Albani said "Do not do it recite only the Umm ul Quran" is Daeef and "for the one who does not recite has not offered Salah" is Sahih Narrated 'Ubada bin As-Samit: Allah's Apostle said, "Whoever does not recite Al-Fatiha in his prayer, his prayer is invalid." Bukhari :: Book 1 :: Volume 12 :: Hadith 723 Ubadah ibn Samit narrated that the Prophet (SAW) said, “He who does not recite Fatihatul Kitab has not observed salah.” Tirmidhi 247, Sahih by Albani Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah PBUH said: One is not credited with having observed the prayer without the recitation (of al-Fatiha). Muslim :: Book 4 : Hadith 778 Abu Huraira reported: The Apostle of Allah PBUH said: If anyone observes prayer in which he does not recite Umm al-Qur'an, It is deficient [he said this three times] and not complete. It was said to Abu Huraira: At times we are behind the Imam. He said: Recite it inwardly. Muslim :: Book 4 : Hadith 775 Abu Huraira (RA) reported that Allah’s Messenger PBUH said, “He who prays salah but does not recite the umm ul-Qur’an in it must know that it is incomplete, it is incomplete, not perfect.” The narrator asked, “O Abu Huraira (RA), I am sometimes behind the imam.” He said son of Farisi, recite it in your heart. Tirmidhi 2962, Sahih by Albani Abu Huraira (RA) reported that Allah’s Messenger PBUH said, “He who prays salah but does not recite the umm ul-Qur’an in it must know that it is incomplete, not perfect.” The narrator asked, “O Abu Huraira (RA), I am sometimes behind the imam.” He said son of Farisi, recite it in your heart. Ibn Majah 838, Sahih by Albani also Nasai 910 Sahih by Albani 2 3rd Opinion: Not Reciting Behind the Imam When the Imam is Reciting Aloud Earlier permission was there to Recite Surah Fatiha Behind the Imam when He Recites Aloud Narrated Ubadah bin Samit RA: The Prophet PBUH prayed the Subh prayer, and he had difficulty with the recitation. When turned (after finishing) he said: "I think that you are reciting behind your Imam ?" He said: "We said: 'Yes, Messenger of Allah, by Allah!' He said: 'Do not do that, except for Umm Al-Kitãb, for there is no Salat for one who does not recite it" [Tirmidhi 311, Sahih by Zubair Ali and Albani said the additional text “'Do not do that, except for Umm Al-Kitãb” is Daeef. Abu Dawud 823, Sahih by Zubair Ali, Al Aranout Sahih Lighairih and Isnaad Hasan and Albani said the additional text “'Do not do that, except for Umm Al-Kitãb” is Daeef. Nasai 921, Sahih by Zubair Ali and Daeef by Albani] But later on it was abrogated, Sheikh Nasiruddin Al Albani said that the obligation of reciting behind Imam in audible salah was abrogated, Now one should not recite in audible salah but should recite in inaudible salah and he quote the below ahadith as evidence. Narrated Abu Hurairah RA: 'Allah's Messenger turned (after praying) from a Salat in which he recited aloud and said: "Has any one of you recited along with me just now?" A man said: 'Yes, O Messenger of Allah.' He said: "Indeed I said to myself: Why was I being contended with for the Qur'ãn?" He (Az-Zuhri one of the narrators) said: "So when they heard that from Allah's Messenger, the people stopped reciting with Allah's Messenger in the prayers that Allah's Messenger recited aloud" [Tirmidhi 312, Abu Dawud 826 and Nasai 920, Sahih by Albani, Zubair Ali and Al Aranout] Jabir ibn Abdullah RA said: “"Whoever prayed a Rak'ah in which he did not recite Umm Al-Qur'an, then he did not pray, except if he was behind an Imam" Tirmidhi 313, Sahih by Albani and Zubair Ali also Malik :: Book 3 : Hadith 3.9.40 Imam Tirmidhi said that Ahmad Ibn Hanbal commented on above hadith and said: "This (Jabir ibn Abdullah RA) is a man from among the Companions of the Prophet, interpreting the saying of the Prophet "There is no Salãt except with the recitation of Fãtihatil-Kitãb" to mean that this is when one is alone" Tirmidhi 312 Imam Tirmidhi also mentioned that Abdullãh bin Al-Mubãrak said: "I think that whoever does not recite (behind Imam in Loud Prayers), his Salat is still acceptable" Tirmidhi 312 When Imam recites Loudly, listen to it Narrated Abu Musa Al-Ash'ari RA: The Prophet PBUH said: “When the Imam recites, then listen attentively" Ibn Majah 847, Sahih by Zubair Ali, Al Aranout and Albani Narrated Abu Huraira RA: "The Messenger of Allah PBUH said: “The Imam is appointed to be followed, so when he says the Takbir, say the Takbir, and when he recites, be silent, and when he says: "Sami' Allahu liman hamida" say: Rabbana lakal hamd" Nasai 922-923, Sahih by Zubair Ali and Hasan Sahih by Albani Abu Dawud mentioned that "Shu'bah said to Qatadah: “Is not the opinion of Sa'eed that one should listen silently to the Qur'an?' He replied: 'That is only when (the Imãm) recites aloud" Abu Dawud 828 3 Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar, when asked if anyone should recite behind an imam, said, "When you pray behind an imam then the recitation of the imam is enough for you and when you pray on your own you must recite." Nafi added, "Abdullah ibn 'Umar used not to recite behind the imam." Malik:: Book 3 : Hadith 3.11.45 Obligation to Recite behind Imam in quite Prayers but not in Loud Prayers Jaabir bin Abdullah RA said, "We used to recite behind the imaam in Zuhr and 'Asr: soorah al- Faatihah and another soorah in the first two rak'ahs, and soorah al-Fatihah in the last two.
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