THE GEORGE WRIGHT Volume 16 •M999* Number 4
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FiRUTHE GEORGE WRIGHT M Volume 16 •M999* Number 4 THE JOURNAL OF THE GEORGE WRIGHT SOCIETY Dedicated to the Protection, Preservation and Management of Cultural and Natural Parks and Reserves Through Research and Education The George Wright Society Board of Directors RICHARD WEST SELLARS • President Santa Fe, New Mexico JOHNj. DONAHUE • Vice President Warsaw, Virginia LAURA E.SOULLIERE • Treasurer Natchez, Louisiana ROBERTJ. KRUMENAKER • Secretary Philadelphia, Pennsylvania MARIE BERTILLION COLLINS • Piedmont, California DENNIS B.FENN • Reston, Virginia GARY LARSON • Corvallis, Oregon NEIL W. P. MUNRO • Halifax, Nova Scotia RICHARD B. SMITH • Placitas, New Mexico Executive Office P. 0. Box 65, Hancock, Michigan 49930-0065 USA s 1-906-487-9722; fax 1-906-487-9405 info@georgewright. org • http://www.georgewright. org David Harmon • Executive Director Robert M. Linn • Membership Coordinator The George Wright Society is a member of US/ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites—U.S. Committee), IUCN—The World Conservation Union, and The Natural Resources Council of America © 1999 The George Wright Society, Inc. All rights reserved. (No copyright is claimed for previously published material reprinted herein.) ISSN 0732-4715 Editorial guidelines may be found on the inside back cover. Text paper is made of 50% recycled fibers. Printed by Book Concern Printers, Hancock, Michigan The production of this volume was greatly enhanced with the support of the Southeast Archeological Center, National Park Service. THE GEORGE WRIGHT FORUM .. Volume 16 • 1999 • Number 4 Society News, Notes & Mail 2 Box Sixty-Five: The USNPS Natural Resource Challenge: It's Not About Money, It's About Priorities Karen P. Wade 5 ARCHAEOLOGY AND THE NATIONAL PARK IDEA: CHALLENGES FOR MANAGEMENT AND INTERPRETATION Guest Editor: John H.Jameson, Jr. Introduction John H. Jameson, Jr. 8 Loving it to Death: The Gran Pajaten Predicament Warren B. Church 16 The Battle for Sydney Harbour Denis Gojak 28 Management Strategies and the Component of Indigenous Sacred Places: The Dreaming and Aboriginal Involvement in Site Management Within Northern Territory National Parks, Australia Ken Mulvaney 3 7 Expanding Horizons: Environmental and Cultural Values within Natural Boundaries Judith Powell 50 Archaeology and Rocky Mountain Ecosystem Management: Theory and Practice Martin Mame 67 History, Politics and Culture: Archaeology and Interpretation in British National Parks Harold Mytum 77 The Genius of the Place: Managing a "Mini-National Park" at Bede's World Peter Fowler and Miriam Harte 91 Developing a Management Plan for the Ironbridge Gorge World Heritage Site Marion Blockley 107 Reinterpreting the Cultural Landscape ofChalmette Batdefield: Landscape Management Strategies for Parks with Multiple Layers of Histoiy Kevin Risk 121 On the Cover: Carlton George, a Mirriuwung man, standing against his own hand stencil, produced when he was a small boy camping at the Nganalum sacred site, Keep River National Park. See Mulvaney, page 37. Volume 16 • Number 4 1999 1 Sswty New/, Nrte/ ScMaiit Letter to the Editor: Mountain Connections Slighted To the Editor: The otherwise excellent article by Pisanty-Baruch et al. ("Reporting on North America: Continental Connections," Vol. 16, no. 2) omitted a very im portant set of connection initiatives—those involving mountain ranges. As Vice-Chair for Mountains in the World Commission on Protected Areas for IUCN, my mountain hackles rose up. How could you, folks? In addition to birds and butterflies in migration flyway connections, and the marine path ways used by pelagic fishes and marine mammals, surely the great mountain spines of the western USA, Canada, and Mexico are continental connections that facilitate the flow of genes and species through wild and semi-wild mountain lands. These cross borders, and have suggested corridor initiatives such as Yellowstone to Yukon, Sky Islands of the Southwest and links to the Sierra Nevada Oriental, the greater northern Cascades, and so forth—transborder connections, which even permit movement of large carni vores, such as wolf and mountain lion, and hosts of other terrestrial animals. And let us not forget plants. As global warming occurs, these terrestrial path ways are an essential part of North America's continental connections. Lawrence S. Hamilton Island and Highlands Nature Consultancy, Charlotte, Vermont The Canon National Parks Science Scholars Program: New Round of Scholarships The Canon National Parks Science Scholars Program will award scholarships to eight doctoral students in 2000. Each student selected will receive $25,000 per year for up to three years to conduct dissertation research in the national parks. In addition, four Honorable Mentions will be awarded a one-time scholarship of $2,000. The competition will focus on four research topics within the biological, physical, social, and cultural sciences. The research topics are of critical importance to the management of the National Park Sys tem and are selected by the National Park Service. Students applying for 2000 scholarships must submit dissertation proposals that address these topics. For an application and guidelines, contact Dr. Gary Machlis, Program Coordina tor, Canon National Parks Science Scholars Program, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science, National Park Service, 1849 C Street NW (MIB 3127), Washington, DC 20240; email [email protected], or visit 2 The George Wright FORUM www.nps.gov/socialscience/waso/acts.htm. Applications are due 1 June 2000. Winners will be announced shortly after 7 August 2000. The Canon National Parks Science Scholars Program is underwritten by Canon U.S.A., Inc. Ad ditional partners are the National Park Service, the National Park Foundation (the official non-profit partner of the National Park Service), and the Ameri can Association for the Advancement of Science. Krumenaker, Soulliere Returned to Board Incumbents Bob Krumenaker and Laura Soulliere will each serve a second three-year term on the Society's Board of Directors after they went unchal lenged in this year's round of elections. No nominations were received in re sponse to the call published last spring in the FORUM. Because of this, the Board decided that it would be a waste of the Society's (and our members') time and money to go through the motions of sending out ballots simply to confirm a foregone conclusion. Therefore the Board decided to cancel the balloting and return Bob and Laura for a second term, after consulting the By- Laws and finding nothing to prohibit this course of action. (However, for the future the Board feels it would be best to formalize this procedure within the By-Laws—see next item.) Bob is deputy associate regional director in the NPS office in Philadelphia; Laura is superintendent of Cane River Creole Na tional Historical Park in Louisiana. Their second term runs from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2002. Two Proposed Changes to Society By-Laws At the 1999 Board of Directors meeting, held in Halifax in October, the Board decided to propose to the membership two changes in the By-Laws. The first would allow (though not require) the Board to expand from the cur rent set number of nine (six elected and three appointed) to as many as twelve (with a majority elected and no more than five appointed). The intent of this change is to give the Board latitude to introduce a broader range of expertise and experience to its ranks. The second change formalizes a procedure whereby the Board may cancel the annual elections in cases where incumbent elected directors face no opposition (for further explanation, see the item above). We ask all GWS members to read the following proposed changes carefully: FIRST PROPOSED CHANGE: Revision of Article X-Board of Di rectors, Section 1, Number, Election and Term of Office, paragraph la CURRENT WORDING: (a) The business of this organization shall be managed by a Board of Di rectors consisting of nine (9) directors, a majority of whom must be Volume 16* Number 4 1999 3 elected, and as many as three (3) of whom may be appointed. The terms of office of the directors shall be for three (3) years. These terms shall be staggered in such manner as will allow three (3) directors to be elected or appointed each year. PROPOSED NEW WORDING: (a) The business of this organization shall be managed by a Board of Di rectors consisting of no fewer than nine (9) and no more than twelve (12) directors, a majority of whom must be elected, and as many as five (5) of whom may be appointed. The terms of office of the directors shall be for three (3) years. These terms shall be staggered in such manner as will al low no fewer than three (3) and no more than four (4) directors to be elected or appointed each year. SECOND PROPOSED CHANGE: Addition to Article X-Board of Directors, Section 3, Nomination and Elections PROPOSED NEW SECTION 3 (f) (f) In instances where one or more incumbent Directors are running for re-election, and no additional nominations of candidates to oppose the in cumbents are received by the deadline as detailed in Section 3 (a) of this Article, the Board may, at its discretion, issue a finding that the intent of the Membership is for the incumbents to be re-elected. Based on this finding, the Board may then, at its discretion, cancel the election proce dure detailed in Section 3 (b) of this Article and declare the incumbents to have been re-elected. This declaration shall have the same effect as if the election procedure detailed in Sections 3 (a-b) of this Article had been fully carried through. The Board shall publish and send to the Member ship both its finding and its declaration in accordance with Section 3 (e) of this Article. The Board will hold a special meeting to decide whether to enact these changes after considering comments from the membership, which we wel come and encourage.