Mukt Shabd Journal ISSN NO : 2347-3150 The Culture & Critical Ethos are reshaping Pre-‘World War-III’ Indian Literature Eco-System! (Ecocritical exploration of Assamese & Odia Modern Poetry) Rudranarayan Mohapatra1 P.G. Department of Odia, Utkal University, Vanivihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India Ambeswar Gogoi2 Department of Assamese, Cotton University, Guwahati, Assam, India B. D. Nisha3 Department of Assamese, Cotton University, Guwahati, Assam ABSTRACT Traditionally the poetry of pre world-war Indian literatures abound in translations from folk and religious, vernacular and ethnic literatures but the themes covers the whole of the earth and human race. Deviating from this, the paper explores how the culture and critical ethos are reshaping pre-third world-war Indian Literature Eco-criticism. To establish the theory, we analyzed here the post World-war-II literature from Assamese and Odia literature as the primary catalyst considering three multiethnic poets from each of the language group. And as analysis the paper is trying to establish that, the 21st century pre - world war-III literature further reshaping its eco-sphere from GLP (Globalization, Liberalization & Privatization) economy centric to Technolization, Localization and Vocalization (TLV). Keywords: Ecology, Culture, Ecocriticism, Climate, Pre-‘World War-III, Assamese language, Odia Language I. INTRODUCTION In our way, the coined term, ‘Technolization’ or ‘the spontaneous reshaping of lifestyle with technology’, has gradually reshaping an eco-sphere for human life in 21st century. The present technology knows the exact time of awaking, tracks the body parameters such as fluid level, sugar level, BP level and heart beats, rememberize only in my history class is when we talk about Santa, predict when exactly rain is going to be happened, explores the followers discourse to my Creative poetry and many more. I.e. the contemporary technology forced the natural life of human for a socially interconnected virtual eco-system. In contrast, the Indian literature after 1980 were influenced by economy centric globalization and slowly trying to uproot the ethnic cultural value and are demanding to redefine the definition of culture in terms of developed Class and developing class and intermingle the cultural components such as believe, tradition, leaving style, language in globalization prospective and limiting or dominating the scope of ethnic culture by science, business and technology. However, the ethnicity has the deep root and ethos towards it has presently opened the eye of many community and inelegancies thinking prospective to become ‘locale and vocal’. And an undoubted these two terms along with technology is going to reshape the pre ‘third world-war’ global eco- sphere, hence the literature and Indian literature. II. OBJECTIVES & METHODOLOGY The post world war ecosystem brutality led to an outpouring of literature and reappeared periodically throughout the twentieth century. For this paper, we have analyzed the work of six poets taking three poets from Assamese and of Odia based on their literary contribution, chronological range, and their impact upon the next generation writers. In addition, we also relied on secondary sources. The objectives of this analysis are: to unveil the true nature of modern Assamese and Odia poetry in the light of Ecocriticism theory; is to assess the geopolitical factors going to influence the post Corona literature; to visualize the factors to influence the literary environment of the 21st century world literature. Volume IX, Issue V, MAY/2020 Page No : 2889 Mukt Shabd Journal ISSN NO : 2347-3150 III. THE CONTEMPORARY ECO-CULTURE SPHERE Here points to be noted that the discussed literary eco-system has already been a topsy-turvy start from the COVID-19 disruptions and significantly transferred our contours of professional and cultural life. These days, individual home is now the new office, the internet is the new meeting points and office breaks with colleagues and organizing poetry clubs as gathered are now history. So as our literary survey is to just to write down the history of a history and to assess the present eco-cultural sphere to establish the theory of TLV (i.e. Technolization, Localization and Vocalization). The whole world waits with a bated breath as to when the human race will overcome this deadly situation. And simultaneously, the eco-literary sphere is committed to achieve a transformational shift with technology and local-vocal triangle. And the post-Corona literary ecosphere will going to be involves with concepts of right living, right thinking and with right literature. To strengthen the point, here we can quote the Present Indian Prime-minister statement while addressing the nation on the Programme of ‘Mann-Ki-Baat’, that “You would have seen in the past few days, that India has taken some decisions while keeping true to its culture and ethos - and upholding our cultural heritage”.(2) From the beginning of internet age, the term 'virus' used as a metaphor and were often used as a subject of digital. However, the present 'COVID-19' virus ironically has suddenly given the digital society a substantial push. It is no surprise for us that the increase in video-based communication is now going to shrink the traditional emailing communication. The collective wine drinking and workout sessions are now a dream. In contrast, the buzz words “wasting time on the internet” (Goldsmiths, 2016) has suddenly become a socially accepted, even desirable social practice. The place of sell is now replaced by share. In literary sphere, People aren’t selling their readings, knowledge, watch- and playlists whatever so it may be, but sharing to other and compensating each other’s social and cultural needs. IV. POST ‘SECOND WORLD-WAR’ ECO-SPHERE AND INDIAN LITERATURE From the Vedic period and starting from the verse, ‘Om Dyauh Shaantir-Antarikssam Shaantih (Peace is in Sky, Peace is in Space and so on)’ to the date of coining of word ‘ecocriticism’ in 1978 by William Rueckert, the concept of entire Universe redefined to ecology and then by confines itself to the level of ‘environment’ in literary criticism. Though the area of eco-critical analysis formally started to the end of 1980, however the ecological literature and/or the ecological sphere for literature always influence the human literature from the beginning of the time. And the theory of ecocriticism is trying to reinvent the literary ecology from its inception. In 1992 Association for the Study of Literature and Environment was founded at the annual convention of Western Literature and Environment and in 1993 a research journal named ‘ISLE: Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environmental’ (Goltfelty, 1966(b)) was first published as an annual mouthpiece of ASLE. Now the discussion and deliberation regarding Ecocriticism has been expanded in various part of this world under the aegis of ASLE and ISLE. Ecocriticism is not now only a study about role of nature, but how this world considers nature, how this world enchanted by nature, how the nature is evaluated in the social context and expanded to Deep Ecology, Eco-feminism, and Place based ecocriticism, Ecosphere, Oikopoetics, Ecocide etc (Kerridge, 1998). Further this area actively supplemented by Timothy Morton’s 'Ecology without Nature: Rethinking Environmental Aesthetics' (2007) and 'The Ecological Thought (2010)', Stacy Alaimo’s 'Bodily Natures (2010)', Axel Goodbody and Kate Rigby’s 'Ecocritical Theory: New European Approaches (2011)'. A sustainable but dynamic ecology always inspires literature to be outspoken. In post second world war period, the ecological sphere for human race was multifaceted. As the one of cataclysmic event, the Second World War brought about a change in the perception of people and thinkers. Pierre Schoent in his book, 'World War Fantasies' (2009) quoted the text expressing the post world ecology as 'Absurdity will replace logic and reasoning when war is over'. (3) The word "absurdity “replace logic and reasoning on public opinions. However, not confined only to thought, the writers are also creates their literature taking themes from their personal experience, an emotion towards the mother land and a call that of return to the nature. And the same ecosphere influence Assamese legendary writers namely NavakantaBarua, Ram Gogoi, HarekrishnaDeka and equally Odia prominent poets Sachidananda Routray, Guruprasad Mohanty and Ramakant Ratha. And the post world war ecosphere in environmental or nature context, reflect in their poems. Volume IX, Issue V, MAY/2020 Page No : 2890 Mukt Shabd Journal ISSN NO : 2347-3150 V. ECO-LOGICAL SPHERE IN ASSAMESE & ODIA POETRY: Out of the Assamese prominent writers poem especially Navakanta Baruah, Ram Gogoi and Harekrishna Deka's poetry, the discussion of environmental consciousness is noticeable. In the poem KramaxaEtiXathukotha and EyatNadiAsil, Navakanta Baruah describe about a gradually died river and destroyed environment. In Pothar, Ram Gogoi described the sorrowful description of after flood. Another poet Harekrishna Deka, describe nature as subject for the base of the reflection of psychological corner in his poem Bhoi, Guwahati-1 etc. However, another prominent writer Hiren Bhattacharyya’s poem named ‘Paniye Mora Mon Mati, Xoisar Xudixyab arnamala’ are wider in eco- centric spirit and attempts to keep evergreen the World. Navakanta Barua’s two environmentally aware poetries are ‘KramashaEti Xadhukatha’ (A Continued Story) and ‘Eyat Nodi Asil’ (There Was a River over Here). Here the writer depicted the destruction of the nature around us in his poem ‘Iyat Nodi Asil’. Here he depicted that a river is being drying up so the environment —“ Eya noir paar / Xamukor khola rodot jiliki sokut piyah lukai / Pani kot pani?/Kot xeujia paror dhanoni? / Kagojor puke khai gol neki kobitar xei rong? / Luit xukan- luitot pani nai (i.e. this is the bank of the river. A shell of snail glitters in the sun and hide its thirst. It is looking for the green pasture. Did the bookworm swallow the color of poem? River is dried up, there is no water.)”.