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§ 7. Franking
THE MEMBERS Ch. 7 § 7 For 10 other House committees, official business and to use foreign the House agreed to amendments currencies credited to the United authorizing no counterpart funds States (pursuant to H. Res. 368) for members of those commit- although the House Committee on tees.(8) However, denial of such Rules had previously disallowed authorization did not preclude a use of governmental funds for committee from requesting spe- overseas travel by members of the Committee on Education and cific authorization of the Com- Labor.(11) mittee on Rules for overseas trav- el funds for specific purposes.(9) § 6.9 Where members of a com- § 7. Franking mittee have no authority, under the committee’s inves- The franking privilege is the statutory right of Representatives tigatory resolution, to travel to send certain material through overseas or to use foreign the United States’ mails without currencies while on com- postage cost to themselves,(12) the mittee business, the House cost being paid from public reve- may grant such authority nues.(13) Members, along with when the Speaker appoints members of that committee 11. 109 CONG. REC. 1553, 88th Cong. 1st Sess., Jan. 31, 1963. See § 6.6, supra, as delegates to an inter- for further discussion. national conference. 12. For a statutory synopsis, see House On May 31, 1963, Speaker John Rules and Manual § 984 (1973). See W. McCormack, of Massachusetts, also ‘‘Law and Regulations Regard- appointed several delegates from ing Use of the Congressional Frank,’’ the Committee on Education and Subcommittee on Postal Service, Committee on Post Office and Civil Labor to attend the International Service, 92d Cong. -
How Early Post Office Policy Shaped Modern First Amendment Doctrine
Hastings Law Journal Volume 58 | Issue 4 Article 1 1-2007 The rT ansformation of Statutes into Constitutional Law: How Early Post Officeolic P y Shaped Modern First Amendment Doctrine Anuj C. Desai Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/hastings_law_journal Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Anuj C. Desai, The Transformation of Statutes into Constitutional Law: How Early Post Officeo P licy Shaped Modern First Amendment Doctrine, 58 Hastings L.J. 671 (2007). Available at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/hastings_law_journal/vol58/iss4/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Hastings Law Journal by an authorized editor of UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Articles The Transformation of Statutes into Constitutional Law: How Early Post Office Policy Shaped Modern First Amendment Doctrine ANUJ C. DESAI* INTRODUCTION One of the great urban legends on the Internet was "Bill 6o2P."' In the late 199OS it spread like wildfire, and it occasionally makes the rounds again like pleas from Nigerian officials seeking help with their Swiss bank accounts or the story of the $250 Neiman Marcus cookie recipe. The bill, supported by (no doubt soon-to-be-defeated) "Congressman Tony Schnell," would have imposed a five cent tax on each e-mail message. One would be hard put to imagine a more nefarious way for * Assistant Professor, University of Wisconsin Law School. Many people read all or large parts of this Article and provided helpful suggestions. -
THE DOUBLE-FRANKING PERIOD ALSACE-LORRAINE, 1871-1872 by Ruth and Gardner Brown
WHOLE NUMBER 199 (Vol. 41, No.1) January 1985 USPS #207700 THE DOUBLE-FRANKING PERIOD ALSACE-LORRAINE, 1871-1872 By Ruth and Gardner Brown Introduction Ruth and I began this survey in December 1983 and 1 wrote the art:de in November] 984 after her sudden death in July. I have included her narre as an author since she helped with the work. 1 have used the singular pro noun in this article because it is painful for me to do otherwise. After buying double-franking covers for over 30 years I recently made a collection (an exhibit) out of my accumulation. In anticipation of this ef fort, about 10 years ago, I joined the Societe Philatelique Alsace-Lorraine (SPAL). Their publications are to be measured not in the number of pages but by weight! Over the years I have received 11 pounds of documents, most of it is xeroxed but in 1983 they issued a nicely printed, up to date catalogue covering the period 1872-1924. Although it is for the time frame after the double-franking era, it is the only source known to me which solves the mys teries of the name changes of French towns to German. The ones which gave me the most trouble were French: Thionville, became German Dieden l!{\fen, and Massevaux became Masmunster. One of the imaginative things done by SPAL was to offel' reduced xerox copies of 40, sixteen-page frames, exhibited at Colmar in 1974. Many of these covered the double-franking period. Before mounting my collection I decided to review the SPAL literature to get a feeling for what is common and what is rare. -
Jewish Cemetries, Synagogues, and Mass Grave Sites in Ukraine
Syracuse University SURFACE Religion College of Arts and Sciences 2005 Jewish Cemetries, Synagogues, and Mass Grave Sites in Ukraine Samuel D. Gruber United States Commission for the Preservation of America’s Heritage Abroad Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/rel Part of the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Gruber, Samuel D., "Jewish Cemeteries, Synagogues, and Mass Grave Sites in Ukraine" (2005). Full list of publications from School of Architecture. Paper 94. http://surface.syr.edu/arc/94 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Arts and Sciences at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in Religion by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. JEWISH CEMETERIES, SYNAGOGUES, AND MASS GRAVE SITES IN UKRAINE United States Commission for the Preservation of America’s Heritage Abroad 2005 UNITED STATES COMMISSION FOR THE PRESERVATION OF AMERICA’S HERITAGE ABROAD Warren L. Miller, Chairman McLean, VA Members: Ned Bandler August B. Pust Bridgewater, CT Euclid, OH Chaskel Besser Menno Ratzker New York, NY Monsey, NY Amy S. Epstein Harriet Rotter Pinellas Park, FL Bingham Farms, MI Edgar Gluck Lee Seeman Brooklyn, NY Great Neck, NY Phyllis Kaminsky Steven E. Some Potomac, MD Princeton, NJ Zvi Kestenbaum Irving Stolberg Brooklyn, NY New Haven, CT Daniel Lapin Ari Storch Mercer Island, WA Potomac, MD Gary J. Lavine Staff: Fayetteville, NY Jeffrey L. Farrow Michael B. Levy Executive Director Washington, DC Samuel Gruber Rachmiel -
Appendices I
Appendices I. Archival Sources Archival research for this monograph was conducted in Lviv, the former capital of Galicia, in 1983. To orient myself in the rich archival holdings of this city, I benefitted from the unpublished manuscript of Patricia K. Grimsted's forthcoming guide to Soviet Ukrainian archives and manuscript repositories' as well as from a number of published works.' Plans to use archives in Ternopil and Ivano-Frankivsk were frustrated, as was the plan to use the manuscript collection of the Institute of Literature of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR (in Kiev). Work in the Austrian archives in 1982 did not uncover sources of direct relevance to the subject of this monograph, but the Viennese archives remain an important and little-explored repository of historical documentation on Galician history. The richest collection of unpublished sources on the history of Galicia during the Austrian period is located in the Central State Historical Archives of the Ukrainian SSR in Lviv (U Tsentrainyi derzhavnyi istorychnyi arkhiv URSR u rn. Lvovi; abbre- viated as TsDIAL). The Central Archives have inherited the papers of various Galician government institutions and major civic organizations. Unfortunately, there is no published guide to these archives, although a number of articles describe aspects of their holdings.' The papers of the Presidium of the Galician Viceroy's Office (U Haiytske narnisnytstvo, rn. Lviv. Prezydiia) are contained in TsDIAL, fond 146, opysy 4-8 (and presumably others). Particularly valuable for this study were documents dealing with the publication and confiscation of political brochures and periodicals, including , Patricia K. -
Postmarks and Cancellations
PPOSTMARKSOSTMARKS && CCANCELLATIONSANCELLATIONS …an Overview PPRESENTATIONRESENTATION TTOPICSOPICS Postmarks Cancellations Handstamps Machine Usage Collecting Ideas Reference Materials PPOSTMARKSOSTMARKS A postmark (aka datestamp) is a postal marking made on a letter or package indicating the date that the item was accepted by the postal service. Many formats exist. CCANCELLATIONSANCELLATIONS A cancellation (or cancel) is a postal marking applied to a postage stamp or a piece of postal stationery indicating that the item has been used. The primary purpose of cancels is to prevent the reuse of stamps. PPOSTMARKSOSTMARKS ASAS CCANCELSANCELS The terms cancel and postmark are used interchangeably. A prime reason is the use of postmarks directly on the stamp. SSTAMPLESSTAMPLESS EERARA PPOSTMARKSOSTMARKS The first postmark (called the “Bishop Mark”) was introduced by English Postmaster General Henry Bishop in 1661. It showed only the date and month of mailing. The format of the Bishop Mark changed during the 1700’s. Can you guess the dates on the postmarks below? 1661 Early 1700’s Late 1700’s FFRANKLINRANKLIN MMARKARK During colonial times, American postmarks included the Franklin Mark shown on this letter from Boston to Providence. The Franklin Mark is similar to the Bishops Mark. The 8-cent postal fee is hand- written at the bottom of the letter. Fees ranged from 8-25 cents and were based on number of pages and distance. Source: Mathew Bennett Auctions EEARLYARLY SSERVICESERVICES In 1680 William Dockwra founded the London Penny Post. This service introduced several ideas (including local service, identification of processing locations and time stamping) that are used to this day. Costs: 1p within London 2p up to 10 miles Source: www.earsathome.com (1700’s cover) BBRITISHRITISH FFREEREE FFRANKINGRANKING In 1652, members of Parliament, the Clergy and some other nobility were given the privilege of posting letters for free. -
Jewish Cemeteries, Synagogues, and Mass Grave Sites in Ukraine
JEWISH CEMETERIES, SYNAGOGUES, AND MASS GRAVE SITES IN UKRAINE United States Commission for the Preservation of America’s Heritage Abroad 2005 UNITED STATES COMMISSION FOR THE PRESERVATION OF AMERICA’S HERITAGE ABROAD Warren L. Miller, Chairman McLean, VA Members: Ned Bandler August B. Pust Bridgewater, CT Euclid, OH Chaskel Besser Menno Ratzker New York, NY Monsey, NY Amy S. Epstein Harriet Rotter Pinellas Park, FL Bingham Farms, MI Edgar Gluck Lee Seeman Brooklyn, NY Great Neck, NY Phyllis Kaminsky Steven E. Some Potomac, MD Princeton, NJ Zvi Kestenbaum Irving Stolberg Brooklyn, NY New Haven, CT Daniel Lapin Ari Storch Mercer Island, WA Potomac, MD Gary J. Lavine Staff: Fayetteville, NY Jeffrey L. Farrow Michael B. Levy Executive Director Washington, DC Samuel Gruber Rachmiel Liberman Research Director Brookline, MA Katrina A. Krzysztofiak Laura Raybin Miller Program Manager Pembroke Pines, FL Patricia Hoglund Vincent Obsitnik Administrative Officer McLean, VA 888 17th Street, N.W., Suite 1160 Washington, DC 20006 Ph: ( 202) 254-3824 Fax: ( 202) 254-3934 E-mail: [email protected] May 30, 2005 Message from the Chairman One of the principal missions that United States law assigns the Commission for the Preservation of America’s Heritage Abroad is to identify and report on cemeteries, monuments, and historic buildings in Central and Eastern Europe associated with the cultural heritage of U.S. citizens, especially endangered sites. The Congress and the President were prompted to establish the Commission because of the special problem faced by Jewish sites in the region: The communities that had once cared for the properties were annihilated during the Holocaust. -
Congressional Franked Mail: Overview
Updated February 7, 2019 Congressional Franked Mail: Overview Background Cost of Congressional Official Mail Official mail, sometimes referred to as “franked mail,” According to USPS, Congress spent $19.8 million on allows Members of Congress to transmit mail matter under official mail during FY2018, representing approximately their signature, or “frank,” without prepayment for postage. 0.4% of the $4.7 billion budget for the entire legislative Members’ ability to send franked mail facilitates official branch for FY2018. House official mail costs ($18.5 communication between elected officials and their million) were 94% of the total, whereas Senate official mail constituents. Although franked mail does not require costs ($1.2 million) were 6% of the total. During FY2017, prepayment of postage, Congress pays the U.S. Postal Congress spent $7.7 million on official mail. House official Service for the cost of franked mail in annual mail costs ($6.5 million) were 85% of the total, whereas appropriations bills. Senate official mail costs ($1.2 million) were 15% of the total. Figure 1 shows House and Senate official mail costs Members’ use and the content of official mail is regulated from FY1979-FY2018. by several sources, including federal law and chamber rules and regulations. Official communications sent as franked Figure 1.Official Mail Costs, FY1978-FY2018 mail may include such items as letters in response to By Chamber, Nominal Dollars constituent requests for information, newsletters regarding legislation and Member votes, press releases about official Member activities, copies of the Congressional Record and government reports, and notices about upcoming town meetings organized by Members, among others. -
Regulations Governing the USE of the MAILING FRANK by Members and Officers of the United States Senate
Regulations Governing THE USE OF THE MAILING FRANK by Members and Officers of The United States Senate SELECT COMMITTEE ON ETHICS UNITED STATES SENATE April 2008 SELECT COMMITTEE ON ETHICS United States Senate BARBARA BOXER, California, Chairman JOHN CORNYN, Texas, Vice Chairman MARK PRYOR, Arkansas PAT ROBERTS, Kansas KEN SALAZAR, Colorado JOHNNY ISAKSON, Georgia Robert L. Walker, Chief Counsel and Staff Director Annette Gillis, Deputy Staff Director Kenyen Brown, Senior Counsel and Director of Education/Training John Sassaman, Senior Counsel Matthew Mesmer, Counsel Elizabeth Horton, Counsel Tremayne Bunaugh, Counsel William Corcoran, Counsel Lynn Tran, Counsel (ii) CONTENTS FOREWORD ............................................. (v) CHAPTER ONE WHO MAY USE THE MAILING FRANK .........1 1. Senators and Officers of the Senate .........................1 2. Responsibility for Use of the Mailing Frank ..................1 3. Senator-elect ...........................................1 4. Prohibition on Loan of the Frank ...........................1 5. Senator Who Has Resigned ...............................3 6. Upon the Death of a Senator; Responding to Letters of Condolence Upon the Death of a Senator’s Spouse ......................3 7. Committees ............................................3 8. Penalty for Unauthorized Use ..............................4 CHAPTER TWO CONTENTS OF FRANKABLE MAIL ............5 1. Policy of Congress ......................................5 2. Intent of Congress .......................................5 3. Matters -
Monopoly and the Mandate of Canada Post
Monopoly and the Mandate of Canada Post J. Gregory Sidakt and Daniel F. Spulber*t Introduction ................................................................................................3 I. The Existing Regulation of Canada Post ..............................................6 A. The Mandate ................................................................................7 1. The Social Mandate ................................................................8 2. The FinancialMandate ............................... 8 3. The Statutory Monopoly .......................................................10 B . Com p etition ......................................................................................11 1. TraditionalServices and Aggressive Expansion .................. 11 2. Limiting Mailbox Access .......................................................14 3. L abor .....................................................................................17 4. Pricingand Costing: Policy and Disclosure......................... 20 5. The PurolatorAcquisition ....................................................22 6. The Bureau of Competition Policy's Analysis ...................... 23 C. Limited Regulatory Oversight..................................................... 25 D . Sum mary ...................................................................................... 26 II. Technological Justifications for the Postal Monopoly .......................27 A. The NaturalMonopoly Justificationfor the Public Postal Monop oly .....................................................................................27 -
Viva Xpress Logistics (Uk)
VIVA XPRESS LOGISTICS (UK) Tel : +44 1753 210 700 World Xpress Centre, Galleymead Road Fax : +44 1753 210 709 SL3 0EN Colnbrook, Berkshire E-mail : [email protected] UNITED KINGDOM Web : www.vxlnet.co.uk Selection ZONE FULL REPORT Filter : Sort : Group : Code Zone Description ZIP CODES From To Agent UA UAAOD00 UA-Ukraine AOD - 4 days POLISKE 07000 - 07004 VILCHA 07011 - 07012 RADYNKA 07024 - 07024 RAHIVKA 07033 - 07033 ZELENA POLIANA 07035 - 07035 MAKSYMOVYCHI 07040 - 07040 MLACHIVKA 07041 - 07041 HORODESCHYNA 07053 - 07053 KRASIATYCHI 07053 - 07053 SLAVUTYCH 07100 - 07199 IVANKIV 07200 - 07204 MUSIIKY 07211 - 07211 DYTIATKY 07220 - 07220 STRAKHOLISSIA 07225 - 07225 OLYZARIVKA 07231 - 07231 KROPYVNIA 07234 - 07234 ORANE 07250 - 07250 VYSHGOROD 07300 - 07304 VYSHHOROD 07300 - 07304 RUDNIA DYMERSKA 07312 - 07312 KATIUZHANKA 07313 - 07313 TOLOKUN 07323 - 07323 DYMER 07330 - 07331 KOZAROVYCHI 07332 - 07332 HLIBOVKA 07333 - 07333 LYTVYNIVKA 07334 - 07334 ZHUKYN 07341 - 07341 PIRNOVE 07342 - 07342 TARASIVSCHYNA 07350 - 07350 HAVRYLIVKA 07350 - 07350 RAKIVKA 07351 - 07351 SYNIAK 07351 - 07351 LIUTIZH 07352 - 07352 NYZHCHA DUBECHNIA 07361 - 07361 OSESCHYNA 07363 - 07363 KHOTIANIVKA 07363 - 07363 PEREMOGA 07402 - 07402 SKYBYN 07407 - 07407 DIMYTROVE 07408 - 07408 LITKY 07411 - 07411 ROZHNY 07412 - 07412 PUKHIVKA 07413 - 07413 ZAZYMIA 07415 - 07415 POHREBY 07416 - 07416 KALYTA 07420 - 07422 MOKRETS 07425 - 07425 RUDNIA 07430 - 07430 BOBRYK 07431 - 07431 SHEVCHENKOVE 07434 - 07434 TARASIVKA 07441 - 07441 VELIKAYA DYMERKA 07442 - 07442 VELYKA -
Exhibit Palmares
APS STAMPSHOW August 7-10, 2003 Columbus, Ohio Palmares World Series of Philately Competition Champion of Champions U.S. Domestic Mails 1776-1869 George J. Kramer Prix d'Honneur Greece: Large Hermes Heads 1861-1886 Nicholas Asimakopulos Orange Free State Republican Postage Issues 1868-1900 R. Timothy Bartshe Cape of Good Hope - 1853-1910 MaryAnn Bowman Brazilian Mail to Foreign Destination: From Correio Mor to U.P.U. Paulo R. Comelli The Postage Due Stamps of Australia Paul A. Fletcher Study of Imperial Censorship in Bermuda Peter A. Flynn British Columbia and Vancouver Island Postal History Fraser Thompson Great Britain King George V Photogravure Issues of 1934-1936 Donald R. Hines U.S. Air Mail: May 15, 1918 - June 30, 1924 Allen Don Jones U.S. Domestic Mails 1776-1869 George J. Kramer Allied Intervention in the Boxer Uprising Alfred F. Kugel Philatelic History of Albania 1900-1935 Alfred F. Kugel Ubangi-Shari-Chad 1900-1938 Paul Larsen Wine: U.S. Customs, Duties and Internal Revenue Taxes G.H. Mumm The 1903 Two Cent Washington Shield Issue Nicholas Lombardi Fighting the Fed in Philadelphia: Independent, Carrier, and Local Posts, 1836-1879 Vernon R. Morris, Jr. Volkswagen Chronicle Daniel C. Olsen Boyd's Local Post, New York City: 1844-1911 Martin D. Richardson U.S. and B.N.A. Cross Border Mail - April 6, 1851 to U.P.U. John L. Robertson 150 Years of U.S. Precancels Arnold H. Selengut Switzerland 1862-1883: The Perforated Sitting Helvetia Harlan F. Stone U.S. Fourth Bureau Issue, 1922-38 Jay B. Stotts Penny Dominion of New Zealand Paul E.