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MMeeggaacciittyy LLooggiissttiiccss:: MMeettrriiccss,, TToooollss aanndd MMeeaassuurreess ffoorr SSuussttaaiinnaabbiilliittyy Public Disclosure Authorized ((MMEEGGAALLOOGG)) Final Report Submitted to Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized May 2018 Public Disclosure Authorized CSIR-Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), New Delhi, INDIA In association with TNO, The Netherlands Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands MMeeggaacciittyy LLooggiissttiiccss:: MMeettrriiccss,, TToooollss aanndd MMeeaassuurreess ffoorr SSuussttaaiinnaabbiilliittyy ((MMEEGGAALLOOGG)) Final Report Submitted to The World Bank Group May 2018 CSIR-Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), New Delhi, INDIA In association with TNO, The Netherlands Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands Megacity Logistics: Metrics, Tools and Measures for Sustainability (MEGALOG) Final Report FOREWORD India spends 15-20% of its GDP on transport and logistics and Indian freight transport market is expected to grow at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of about 13% by 2020. Road freight constitutes around 63% of the total freight movement and the average speed of trucks on Indian roads is about 20 km/hr covers only 250-300 km a day compared to 700-800 km in developed countries. Moreover, on an average, total trip expenses increases about 15% due to the delays at check-posts and on-road for filling in forms required by various government departments, checking of documents and physical checking of the vehicles, drivers and consignments by Regional Transport Offices and traffic police, and collecting highway toll and taxes. The working conditions for the truck drivers also deteriorating and they work for long hours, resulting in high stress and fatigue, which leads to accidents. The need is recognized for collaboration amongst stakeholders to identify optimal freight policies and pursue a rapid deployment of improvements. Creating better data and models is needed to enable planners to better predict freight movement and design better informed policies. Considering the above, the World Bank Group has funded research project on "Megacity Logistics: Metrics, Tools and Measures for Sustainability (MEGALOG)" which is to be carried out by this institute in association with TNO, Netherlands and TU Delft, Netherlands. The present study mainly focused on development of city logistics metrics, capacity development for Sustainable City Logistics (SCL), development of freight transport demand model and logistics flow model for the city of New Delhi and knowledge sharing among stakeholders. By organising the meetings, short course and workshops as part of the present study, the need for city logistics, current limitations and problems for sustainable logistics have been discussed with the potential stakeholders and accordingly devised and the way forward to achieve sustainable city logistics. As the transport logistics and administrative setups of different cities more or less matches with present study area i.e. Delhi, the methodology adopted can be replicated to achieve sustainable city logistics for the other cities as well. It is hoped that the study findings would be helpful to all transport related actors in city logistics, including infrastructure management, transport sector and the government. Date: 30th May 2018 (Prof. Satish Chandra) Place: New Delhi Director, CSIR-CRRI The World Bank Group Page | i CSIR-Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), New Delhi, India, TNO Netherlands and TU Delft Netherlands Megacity Logistics: Metrics, Tools and Measures for Sustainability (MEGALOG) Final Report The World Bank Group Page | ii CSIR-Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), New Delhi, India, TNO Netherlands and TU Delft Netherlands Megacity Logistics: Metrics, Tools and Measures for Sustainability (MEGALOG) Final Report STUDY TEAM Director Prof. Satish Chandra Project Leader Dr. Errampalli Madhu, Principal Scientist and Head (TP Division) CSIR-CRRI, New Delhi Dr. Errampalli Madhu, Principal Scientist, HoD (TP Division) Dr. Kayitha Ravinder, Principal Scientist Dr. Ch. Ravi Sekhar, Principal Scientist Ms. Minal, Scientist TU-Delft, The Netherlands TNO, The Netherlands Prof. Lorant A. Tavasszy Mr. Jeroen Borst Dr. Jaap M. Vleugel Mr. Spencer W. Milburn Ms. Jolijn van Dijk Dr. Hans J. Quak External Advisers Prof. Russell G. Thompson, University of Melbourne, Australia Dr. Nilesh Anand, (on behalf of TU Delft, The Netherlands) Traffic Surveys and Assistance in Workshops Sh. S. Kannan, Senior Technical Officer Sh. Jagdish S. Jangpangi, Senior Technician Sh. Satish Kumar, Technical Officer Sh. Rajan Varma, Technical Assistant Sh. Sanjay Kumar, Senior Technician Sh. Amit Kumar Dubey, Project Assistant Sh. Vikas Kumar Thakur, Project Assistant Assistance in Project Execution Sh. D. Ravinder, Technical Officer Sh. P. V. Pradeep Kumar, Senior Principal Scientist Secretarial Assistance Ms. Krishna Verma The World Bank Group Page | iii CSIR-Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), New Delhi, India, TNO Netherlands and TU Delft Netherlands Megacity Logistics: Metrics, Tools and Measures for Sustainability (MEGALOG) Final Report The World Bank Group Page | iv CSIR-Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), New Delhi, India, TNO Netherlands and TU Delft Netherlands Megacity Logistics: Metrics, Tools and Measures for Sustainability (MEGALOG) Final Report EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Understanding and forecasting freight movements is critical to plan for future transportation in terms of capacity augmentation, operation, preservation, safety and security, energy and economy investment needs. Many demand forecasting models and data sources are more appropriate for passenger transportation than for freight transportation in terms of understanding freight travel behaviour. Creating better data and models is needed to enable planners to better predict freight movement and design better informed policies. In view of this, the present study have been conceptualised on Megacity Logistics: Metrics, Tools and Measures Creating better data and models is for Sustainability (MEGALOG) and submitted a proposal on the same by CSIR-CRRI, New Delhi, needed to enable planners to better TNO, The Netherlands and TU-Delft, The predict freight movement and Netherlands to the World Bank Group under the design better informed policies Multi Donor Trust Fund - Sustainable Logistics UMMARY which is lacking in India at present S (MDTF-SL) Scheme. Subsequently, The World Bank Group has sanctioned the proposed research study (Contract No. 7182067). An important goal of the project is to create an impact in practice. An extensive pilot study is carried out for the city of New Delhi, India with a transferable modelling approach. The city XECUTIVE of New Delhi i.e. National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCTD) has been selected as study area E for this study. By conducting extensive field surveys, metrics of city logistics, design of measurement system and data acquisition in the city of Delhi have been developed. The metrics are focused on logistics activity indicators (external and internal flows), logistics efficiency (vehicular and trip characteristics) and city livability (traffic loads in terms of vehicle kilometers travelled and emissions of pollutants). The activities carried out in the present study include: Development of city logistics metrics Capacity Development for Sustainable City Logistics (SCL) The World Bank Group Page | v CSIR-Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), New Delhi, India, TNO Netherlands and TU Delft Netherlands Megacity Logistics: Metrics, Tools and Measures for Sustainability (MEGALOG) Final Report Development of freight transport demand model and logistics flow model for the city of New Delhi Knowledge Sharing In the present study, NCT of Delhi has been taken as study area and measured possible freight metrics from the various field studies and the summary is given below: The journey speed of traffic stream is varying between 17 and 40 kmph and average journey speeds are around 27 kmph on the road network of Delhi. The journey About 1.24 million vehicles (about times are around 2.3 minutes per km 10% Freight and 4% of SMVs) enter which shows that the road network of and leave Delhi city daily which has Delhi is moderately congested all the time. grown with about 3% per annum On a normal working day, a total of about 1.24 million vehicles enter and leave Delhi city which has grown with 3% per annum (about 1.02 million vehicles in 2009). The UMMARY freight traffic forms about 10% of the total traffic with another 4% of traffic is S composed of slow moving vehicles (SMV) like bicycle, cycle rickshaws, animal carts etc. Maximum number of vehicles in the order of about 354 thousands entering and exiting through Rajokri Border followed by Ghazipur Border with an entry/ exit traffic volume of about 163 thousands and Kalindi Kunj Border with an entry/ exit XECUTIVE E traffic volume of about 126 thousands. About 100 thousand Freight vehicles A total of about 100 Thousand freight vehicles enter and leave Delhi city on a normal enter and leave Delhi city daily and working day and about 21% of these freight about 21% of these just passing vehicles are found to be passing through the through the city due to absence of city which was almost same in 2009. Though adequate bypasses around Delhi the total traffic increased, freight traffic remain stagnated at outer cordons because of new bypass roads come around the city of Delhi such as Noida-Greater Noida Expressway, Yamuna Expressway, Kundli-Manesar-Palwal