ON A SCULPTURED STONE AT LOGIERAIT, PERTHSHIRE. 561

III. NOTICE OF THE DISCOVERY OF A SCULPTURED STONE AT LOGIE- RAIT, PERTHSHIRE. BY ARTHUR ANDERSON, M.D., C.B., F.S.A. SCOT. (Plate XXIX). The stone, of which I forward rubbings, was pointed out to me in the churchyar f Logieraido Eeve r Meldrumth M .y b t e clergymath , e th f no lookin n parishpare o th d tt ga an expose, convinces wa dI a ds thawa t i t portion of a sculptured stone similar to those so ably described by the latr greaStuars eD hi tn "i e twor Sculptureth n ko d Stone Scotland.f so " s positioIt e churchs closth wa no et tha n i , e churchyart th par f o t d belongin . J Stewar o gt t Eobertso f Edradynateo n onld e uppean y,th r s sideit f so appearee paron f o t d above ground. Not havin r Stuart'D g s valuable wor I seno refet , k tto r some months ago an imperfect sketch and rubbings to Mr Anderson, the Curato Museume goos th f wa o dr o enoug,wh inforo ht thae mcoule m h t d not find that any mention had been made of this stone in the work above referred to. The figure on horseback with a lance, as also that of the serpent n remarkabli e ar , y high arfouo e reliefs e th d r bossean ,e th n so cross, which is a very beautiful one; and this relic may, I think, fairly take its place amongst the old sculptured stones of Scotland, as not one of the least interesting. Logieraie Ath s harn o dt croswhinstonecu s i s reasonabl y ma t i , e yb expecte laso manr dt fo t ypresens ageit n si t upright position. Archseolo- gists must, I am sure, feel grateful to Mr Stewart Eobertson for having so readily complied wit wisy havho m t h e ston th e el exhumedal d Ha . landed proprietors equally enlightened views on such subjects, we should not now have to deplore the destruction of so many interesting memorials overa f y remote age.

NOTES ON THE SCULPTURED STONE IN LOGIERAIT CHUKCHYAKD. BY WILLIAM GALLOWAY, ARCHITECT, CORR. MEM. S.A. SCOT. This stone is 4 feet 1 inch in length, 1 foot 11 inches in its greatest foocrosse 1 breadt incheth foo7 e intersectiod e t f th th o an , t t t ha sa f no e armsth . Although very much damaged, especiall e uppeth n ri y part, 562 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, FEBRUAEY 11, 1878.

the partially intact edges show that the sizes given represent pretty nearly the original dimensions of the stone. It is 4J inches in thickness, carved upon both faces, and the material is a close-grained, compact, micaceous schist. Towar stonee insertios th it fooe groundf r e dth o o ,tth n ni , it expands outward on one side with a curved outline, but whether this was mere adaptation to a natural form, or purposely so hewn, can only be matter of conjecture. The same remark applies to the possibility of there having bee nsimilaa r expansio e oppositth n o n e side wherw e stonno th e s i e fractured. e morth en O perfec. t face ther crosa s ei s carve goon di d relief wite hth arms hollowe e axillaeth t a d, these hollows being depte sunth f o hko t from ^ to | o f an inch and filled in with plain balls or.bosses nearly2 inche diametern si bea A n inc.a d breadt n hi h runs roun e outlinth d e e crosso th fe centre th , , arms d shaf f an whic,o t e fille ar hn wit i d ha variety of quaint interlaced devices very much worn on their upper surfaces. The termination of the shaft is peculiar. The marginal bead, instead of being carried round the foot, is formed on each side into scrolls coiling inward, a connecting curve running between them. A similar feature, 'but in a less pronounced form, appears in the stone at Kettins,1 and in stone th e fro t Vigeans,mS whicf o 2 h Museume ther th casa s n en i i t O . the earlier inscribed and sculptured stones of Ireland it frequently occurs, seee referencb n no y asma Miso et s Stokes' " Christian Inscriptione th n si Irish Language." All the intact edges of the stone on each face, both at sides and top, hav roundeea d face-bea margir do ninche2 1o Jt e n breadthi sth n O . cross-graven face the spaces between this margin and the cross are quite plain depte sund th f an hal,o o kn h incht a fe genera th , le th relie f o f carved work in the cross itself being a quarter of an inch. On the space below the cross at the foot of the stone, some rude letters have been incised and afterward apparently defaced. It is possible that it may have been utilized as a grave-stone in a reversed position, The other face has been very much damaged, the upper part being 1 "Sculptured Stones of Scotland," vol. ii. pi. viii. 2 Ibid. vol . pii . . Ixxi. ON A SCULPTURED STONE AT LOGIERAIT, PERTHSHIRE. 563

indeed entirely gone, a result to which the laminated structure of the stone greatls ha y contributed. What remain carvine th f so g shows that frequent subjec representatiof o t e sculptureth n no d stones warrioa , r armed with a spear and mounted on horseback, but the major part of the figure and e anima th e rea th f e quito rar l e broken awaye harnessingTh . , &c.s i , given with considerable minutenes f detailso d makee an ,th lose f th sso figur regrettedmore e b eth o et . Fro e dimensionmth e stoneth s i f t si o , probable therhavy ema been some devicspace th en ei abov horsee eth - man. Immediately beneath this mounted warrior ther serpena s ei t interlaced with a straight rod or sceptre decorated at both ends. The floriated sceptre, both in the V and Z forms, in combination with the crescent (fig.

e spectaclI)th , e ornamen d othetan , (figr 2) devices. f frequeno s i , t occurrenc e sculptureth n o e witt foralss Z i d mot me e hi stones th n I . in combination with the serpent (fig. 3). Dr Stuart has given six examples where it is so combined, viz., at Insch,1 Newton in the Garioch,2 Ballutheron, t Vigeans,S 8 4 e Meigle,Bore-stonth d an 5f o e 1 " Sculptured Stones of Scotland," pi. vi.; vide also cast in the Museum. 2 Ibid. pi. xxxyii. 3 Ibid. pi. Ixvii. Ibid. pi. Ixxi.; vide also cast in the Museum. 4 6 IMd. pi. Ixxiii. 564 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, FEBRUARY 11, 1878.

Gask.1 The first two examples are incised on what Dr Stuart desig- nates " rude undressed pillars;" the other four are carved in relief upon stones bearing Christian emblems. Sometimes als e rodoth s pass over the convolutions of the serpent, sometimes behind them, while at other times the more yar r les o e s partially interlaced e examplTh . t ea St Vigeans differs from the rest in having the terminal arms comparatively short and at right angles to the central rod, instead of the angle being as •usual more or less acute. Differing still further from those just mentioned is the instance given r StuarbyD t from Inverury.n incisea s i dt I sla2 b wit distinctivo hn e Christian emblems, but having the sceptre both in the V and Z forms combined with the crescent and spectacle ornaments. The serpent is also given convolute r sceptro d s usuala d ro t e wit e quitbu , hth e straight. One extremity is effaced, but there can be little doubt that in this instance both of the terminal arms have been dispensed with. To this variation fro e usuamth l custo e stonmth t Logieraia e t contribute n analogoua s s instance, differing from the example referred to in that the symbol is quite complete, is carved in relief, and occurs upon a cross-graven slab. It will also be noticed that in this case the sceptre and serpent are fully interlaced. There is another point upon which this example differs from those given by Dr Stuart, and that is in the ears or horned appendages which are so distinctly represented at the back of the serpent's head; indeed all the detaile carvinth f so thin go sstone th sid f eeo have been minutely ren- welr fa lo s preserved n i e derear facd a , dan t whic onln hca y increasr eou regret that it should have been subjected to so much injury. A comparison of the localities in which stones bearing this serpent- symbol occur will also show that this example at Logierait is the most inland of those as yet upon record, the nearest approximations to it being the Bore-stone at Gask towards the south and the stone at Meigle on the extreme eastern confine f Perthshireo s . "With these exceptione th l al s other instance limitee countieso sar tw o dt , Aberdee Forfard nan .

1 " Sculptured Stones of Scotland," pi. ciii. 2 Ibid. pi. cxiii.; vide also the illustrations to the Preface and Appendix, vol. ii. pi. xxv.