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Case “Triangel” Retreat in Haukipudas

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Case “Triangel” Retreat in Haukipudas FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY Application of Innovative Energy Solutions for a Hotel Complex in Northern Finland: Case “Triangel” retreat in Haukipudas Alec Svoboda Supervisors: D.Sc.(Tech.) Arja Sarpola Professor Eva Pongrácz, Docent, D.Sc.(Tech.) Ph.D, M.Sc. (Tech.) Antonio Caló Environmental Engineering Master’s Thesis October 2018 2 ABSTRACT FOR THESIS University of Oulu Faculty of Technology Degree Programme (Bachelor's Thesis, Master’s Thesis) Major Subject (Licentiate Thesis) Environmental Engineering Author Thesis Supervisor Svoboda, Alec Sarpola A, D.Sc. (Tech) Title of Thesis , Application of Innovative Energy Solutions for a Hotel Complex in Northern Finland: Case “Triangel” retreat in Haukipudas Major Subject Type of Thesis SubmissionDocent, Date Number of Pages Environmental Engineering Master’s thesis November 2018 88 D.Sc. ( Abstract With new legislation being passed within the EU to help reach the 2050 emissions goals, new innovative methods are being researched and implemented in different countries andT regions. To obtain the goals outlined in Finland, various renewable energy technologies are being implemented throughout the country. This thesis was completed within the FREED project, whose goal is to make these innovative energy solutions accessible to more regions. One specific technology used in this project and expected to increase in the future is solar photovoltaics (PV). ech.) This work focuses on the Triangel retreat, a hotel complex planned for the shore of Hämeenjärvi lake just north of Oulu, Finland in Haukipudas. The retreat aims for the concept of a “silence” retreat where guests can relax in nature while enjoying the typical amenities of a normal hotel complex. To fit this model while also helping reach the 2050 emissions goal, unobtrusive renewable energy sources are planned for use. The most attractive option is the use of solar PV tiles in combination with an efficient renewable technology such as ground source heat pumps. This combination of technologies was considered, and several different sizing scenarios were created. To create different scenarios, an energy consumption profile was estimated for each month based on a reference hotel. A solar PV estimation was completed using Skelion software, for four different scenarios, sized at 84 kW, 181 kW, 198 kW, and 295 kW. The 84-kW array consisted of solar tiles and was expected to have a self-consumption rate of 95%. The 181-kW array consisted of solar tiles and was expected to have a self-consumption rate of 73%. The 198-kW array consisted of a combination of solar tiles and solar panels and was expected to have a self- consumption rate of 66%. The 295-kW array consisted of a combination of solar tiles and solar panels and was expected to have a self-consumption rate of 50%. These estimations were used to determine the profitability of each scenario. When the shortest payback was the goal, the analysis indicated that the smallest array of 84 kW was the best option with a payback time of 22 years. Based on the analysis this was the most attractive method but also covered the least amount of the hotel’s energy consumption, leaving room for alternate considerations. All the scenarios prove that the use of the more expensive solar tiles is feasible at the Triangel resort. With the analysis of the four scenarios, the resort owner can make an informed decision on the energy generation of the resort. Additional Information 3 TIIVISTELMÄ OPINNÄYTETYÖSTÄ Oulun yliopisto Teknillinen tiedekunta Koulutusohjelma (kandidaatintyö, diplomityö) Pääaineopintojen ala (lisensiaatintyö) Ympäristötekniikka Tekijä Työn ohjaaja yliopistolla Svoboda, Alec Sarpola A, D.Sc. (Tech) Työn nimi Application of Innovative Energy Solutions for a Hotel Complex in Northern Finland: Case “Triangel” retreat in Haukipudas Opintosuunta Työn laji Aika Sivumäärä Teollisuuden energia- ja Diplomityö Marraskuu 2018 88 ympäristötekniikka Tiivistelmä EU:n tavoite hiilineutraalista yhteiskunnasta vuoden 2050 mennessä vaatii uusia innovatiivisia menetelmiä uusiutuvan energian tuotannon ja energiatehokkuuden edistämiseen. Rakennukset ovat yksi suurimpia energian ja sähkön käyttäjiä ja tämä myös tarkoittaa, että on myös suuret mahdollisuudet vähentää rakennusten energiakulutusta. Tämä lisäksi, palvelusektorissa tavoite on lisätä rakennusten uusiutuvan energian tuotantoa 12 prosentilla vuosina 2015-2020. Triangel retriitti on hotellikompleksi, jonka on suunniteltu Hämeenjärven rannalle Oulun pohjoispuolella. Hotelli käyttää "Hiljaisuuden retriitti" konseptin, jonka tarkoituksen on tarjota vieraille rentouttavaa ympäristöä luonnossa, mutta samalla samat mukavuudet kun tyypilliset hotellit. Hotelli haluaa myös tuottaa omaa uusiutuvaa energiaa, jonka kuitenkin pitää palvella retriitin muita tarkoituksia. Tähän tarkoitukseen parhaaksi vaihtoehdoksi katsottiin aurinkopaneelit ja maalämpöpumput. Tämän työn tarkoituksena oli laskea aurinkosähkön tuotantopotentiaalin käyttäen hotellin katolle asetetut aurinkotiilet. Aurinkotiilet tuottavat hieman vähemmän sähköä kun perinteiset aurinkopaneelit, mutta niitä on valittu esteettisistä syistä. Työ on toteutettu osana FREED-projektia, jonka rahoitti Pohjoinen periferia ja Arktis ohjelma. Arinkosähköjärjestelmistä tehtiin neljä eri skenaariota. Skenaarioiden luomiseksi arvioitiin hotellin energiankulutusprofiili, referenssihotellin perusteella. Tätä kulutusprofiilia käytettiin kunkin skenaarion kannattavuuden määrittämiseen. Skenaarioissa huomioidut kokot olivat 84 kW, 181 kW, 198 kW ja 295 kW. Jos tavoitteena on lyhyt takaisinmaksuaika, pienin 84 kW:n sarja olisi paras vaihtoehto, jonka takaisinmaksuaika oli 22 vuotta. Tämä koko on kuitenkin hieman alimitoitettu ja kattoi vähiten hotellin energiankulutuksen. Kaikki muut skenaariot ovat ylimitoitettu, skenaariot 2 ja 3 hieman ja 4 runsaasti. Tämä tarkoittaa, että kesän aikana sähköä tuotettaisiin enemmän kun millä olisi käyttöä. Jos on sähkön ylituotantoa, siitä voi myydä verkkoon. Paneelien ylimitoitus nykyisillä rahoitusmallissa ei kuitenkaan kannattaa, koska sähköstä saatu hinta on liian alhainen. Suurien asennusten investointikulut ovat myös liian korkeat ja takaisinmaksuaika on jopa yli 30 vuotta (skenaariot 2 ja 4). Skenaario 3 on ehkä kannattavin (takaisinmaksuaika 23 vuotta), mutta tässä tapauksessa käytetään myös perinteiset paneelit, joka ei ehkä ole esteettisistä syistä hyväksyttävä. Kaikki skenaariot osoittavat, että kalliimpien aurinkotiilien käyttö on mahdollista Triangel-lomakeskuksessa. Neljän skenaarion analyysin perusteella hotellin omistaja voi tehdä päätöstä minkä suuruisen investoinnin hän on valmis tekemään. Muita tietoja Muita tietoja: Voidaan jättää täyttämättä ellei ole mitään erityistä mainittavaa. 4 PREFACE This master’s thesis was done as a part of the FREED project, which is a EU funded project and a part of the NPA programme. The thesis and the included work was done at the Energy and Environmental Engineering (EEE) unit of the University of Oulu. Work on the thesis started in February 2018 and continued for eight months until until the end of September. I would first like to express my gratitude to the entirety of the Energy and Environmental Engineering reasearch unit. More specificially I would like to thank my surpervisor, Dr. Arja Sarpola, for her guidance and support throughout the entire process of this work. I would also like to give a special thanks to professor Eva Pongracz for her help with not only this work, but my studies as a whole. A thanks is also due to my advisor and office mate Dr. Antonio Calo for his help with my day to day writing and always providing insight on my questions. Additionally, a warm thank you to Tarja Isohätälä for the opportunity to study the potential of the Triangel hotel retreat and her cooperation with the university. A special thank you goes to Jannes van Slooten and the rest of Z.E.P. B.V for their cooperation and information, this work could not have been completed without you. My work would not be complete without the help of Alfred Akoore and his supervisor Dr. Sari Piippo. They were essential in crafting a complete vision of the energy mixture of the Triangel Hotel with their parallel project. Many thanks to Dr. Jean-Nicolas Louis as well for his insight and knowledge on questions relating to energy. Lastly, I would like to thank Kalle Herva and Jari Pulkkinen for their help in translating Finnish sources and their daily company. Oulussa, 18.10.2018 Alec Svoboda 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 10 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................ 10 1.2 The FREED project .................................................................................................... 12 1.3 Objective .................................................................................................................... 13 2 Energy policies .................................................................................................................. 16 2.1 EU wide policies ........................................................................................................ 16 2.2 Energy policies in Finland ......................................................................................... 17 3 Energy use and provisioning ............................................................................................. 19 3.1 Building’s typical
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