Mclaren's Child
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McLaren's Child were quite different from his stylized works. Shorts like Pindal's The roots of animation in Canada lie, like so many things do, in What on Earth! and Potterton's My Financial Career were humorous Great Britain. John Grierson and Norman McLaren, both from and told tales in a manner that communicated directly to Canadian Scotland, transformed filmmaking in Canada in the early 1940s. and international audiences. Grierson, the founder of the NFB, always claimed that his finest discovery was McLaren, whom he persuaded to come to Canada to In the 1960s, Wolf Koenig replaced his collaborator Low as the head make animated films. Arriving in Ottawa in 1941, McLaren was of the Animation Unit, and more importantly, Rene Jodoin was immediately put to work creating propaganda pieces for the war made executive producer of a new French animation department. effort. Within a year, he was asked to create an animation unit for Jodoin formed his unit into one that produced either abstract pieces the Board. The crack team he assembled included Jim McKay, or told simple stories with limited dialogue. Foreign talent such as Co George Dunning and Rene Jodoin. Hoedeman and Bretislav Pojar were brought in to augment a talented crew that included quebecois pin screen wizard Jacques THE SWEATER McLaren's interest was in Drouin and experimentalist Pierre Hebert. By contrast, the English formal experiments, unit, spearheaded by Derek Lamb, contributed well-plotted, often particularly drawing sardonic pieces, by such talents as Caroline Leaf, John Weldon and directly on celluloid. His Eugene Fedorenko. Many of these films were multi-award winners animated works were not (including two Oscars), as was the work of Frederic Back (who also character or plot driven; won two Oscars), the Belgian-born animator who spent his career in in conscious opposition McLaren-like freedom at Radio-Canada. to Hollywood cartoons, NEIGHBOURS they were abstract, operating on rhythmic, The 1970s saw the growth of melodic and colour private animation houses as principles. His style and commercial work in television philosophy influenced Canadian animation both at the Board and in became plentiful. Such the private sector, which began to grow with the establishment of companies as Nelvana in Dunning's and McKay's Graphic Associates in Toronto in 1949. Toronto, Cinar in Montreal, International Rocketship in It was with Colin Low's The Romance of Transportation in Canada, Vancouver, and Crawley Films made in 1952, that a sense of character and incident entered and Lacewood Productions in animation at the NFB. McLaren's successor as head of the Animation Ottawa became important Unit, Low helped foster a new generation of artists who entered the players in the North American Board in the late 1950s; among them were Derek Lamb, Kaj Pindal, market place. Community Arthur Lipsett and Gerald Potterton. McLaren gave informal colleges established credit courses and graduates, especially from animation classes to these youngsters, but the films they produced Sheridan College in Oakville, continued the high standards set by the NFB. More recently, Canadian animators have infiltrated Disney and Industrial Light and Magic, contributing to the success of such mega-hits as Aladdin, Who Framed Roger Rabbit, Jurassic Park, The Mask, Terminator 2: Judgment Day and many others, often with the use of ground-breaking software programs created by Alias, Corel and Softlmage. With the NFB winning its 10th Oscar, for Bob's Birthday in 1994, and Alias being nominated for an Academy award for its experimental short The End this year, Canadian animators continue a proud tradition of producing some of the best work in the world. ■ Marc Glassman TAKE 0 N E 47 Tim loo Toronto's Eaton Centre. The theatres FILMS are small and play 16mm specialty Yves Simoneau films, European art films and Director. Born, Quebec City, 1955. Simoneau is the prodigal son of the L'amour blesse (Jean Pierre Lefebvre) Hollywood second-runs. Quebec film milieu. After directing several critically acclaimed quebecois ■ Lange et la femme (Gilles Carle) Denis Heroux and John Kemeny pictures including Les yeux rouges, Pouvoir intime, Les fous de bassan and establish International Cinema The Bead Game (Ishu Patel) Dans le ventre du dragon, Simoneau directed Perfectly Normal (90) one of Corporation (ICC) in Montreal. Their Dreamspeaker (Claude Jutra) the most successful English-Canadian comedies ever made, and then J.A. Martin photographe (Jean Beaudin) first film is Louis Malle's Atlantic City. took off for a career in Hollywood. Fond of genre plots and eye-popping Outrageous! (Richard Benner) ■ The Academy of Canadian Cinema is Rabid (David Cronenberg) incorporated and takes over from the style, Simoneau defined his approach in Pouvoir intime, a taut crime La vieux pays oU Rimbaud est mart (Jean Canadian Film Awards, which are now drama that spills over into existential anxiety, featuring bravura camera Pierre Lefebvre) called the Genies. moves and trompe l'oeil effects. In the U.S., he has made films for TV Who Has Seen the Wind (Allan King) ■ The New Brunswick Filmmakers Co- and theatrical release, including the 1994 thriller, Mother's Boys, starring Why Shoot the Teacher (Silvio Narizzano) op is founded in Fredericton. Jamie Lee Curtis. ■ The first issue of 24 Images is published. ■ Mary Pickford dies at 87. Robbie Coltrane in Yves Simoneau's Perfectly Normal, one of the most 1978 ■ The NFB's Special Delivery wins an successful! English-Canadian comedies ever made. Events: Oscar for Best Animated Short. ■ The Ontario Board of Censors bans Pretty Baby, Louis Malle's controversial FILMS film about prostitution in turn-of-the- century New Orleans. The popular The Brood (David Cronenberg) backlash to this ban marks the Meatballs (Ivan Reitman) beginning of the end for Canada's Mourir a tue- tete (Anne Claire Poirier) longest running Board of Censors. Murder By Decree (Bob Clark) ■ Garth Drabinsky joins forces with Nat Nails (Phillip Borsos) Taylor to form Pan Canadian Film Special Delivery (John Weldon and Distributors. Eunice Macauley) ■ The Calgary Society of Independent Filmmakers is founded. ■ Ivan Reitman shoots the low-budget teen comedy Meatballs , with Bill Murray, in 1980 Haliburton, north of Toronto. ■ The NFB wins two Academy Awards, Events: for Co Hoedeman's Le château de sable ■ The Ontario Board of Censors (Short Animation) and Beverley attempts to ban Volker Schlondorff's Shaffer's I'll Find a Way (Live Action The Tin Drum, but has to back down in Short), its first Oscars in 25 years. the face of a huge public outcry and it agrees to let the film be shown with FILMS only minor cuts. ■ Montreal producer Rock Demers Le chateau de sable (Co Hoedeman) establishes Les Productions la Fete to I'll Find a Way (Beverly Shaffer) make Tales For All, feature films for In Praise of Older Women (George children. Kaczender) ■ Cineworks opens in Vancouver, and The Silent Partner (Daryl Duke) the Liaison of Independent Filmmakers Skip Tracer (Zale Dalen) (LIFT) in Toronto. Violette Noziere (Claude Chabrol) ■ The Changeling wins the Best Film and Meatballs the Golden Reel Award at the first Genies. ■ Every Child wins an Oscar for Best 1979 Animated Short, the fourth Academy Events: Award won by the NFB in three years. ■ Meatballs is released and becomes a FILMS huge box office hit in the U.S. Its success demonstrates that investment in Atlantic City (Louis Malle) Canadian films is viable and lucrative. Les bons debarras (Francis Mankiewicz) "Tax shelter" production peaks and The Changeling (Peter Medak) more feature films are made in Canada Every Child (Eugene Fedorenko) than at any other time. Many are never L'homme a tout faire (Micheline LanctOt) released. Prom Night (Paul Lynch) ■ Nat Taylor and Garth Drabinsky open The Sweater (Sheldon Cohen) Cineplex, an 18-movie complex in 48 BUMMER 10118 1981 1983 Events: Events: ■ The "tax shelter" boom goes bust. ■ Drabinsky receives a hearing before ■ The Alberta Motion Picture the Restrictive Trade Practices Development Corporation is created. Commission, but hours before the ■ The first Atlantic Film Festival is proceedings begin six of the major held in St. John's. American distributors issue a joint ■ Bonnie Sherr Klein's controversial Not statement saying they would change a Love Sim becomes one of the most their practices and ensure competition popular feature-length documentaries in the distribution and exhibition of ever produced by the NFB. films in Canada. ■ Bob Clark's Porky's, produced by ■ The Societe generale du cinema is Astral, is released in the U.S. and goes created under Quebec's new Cinema Act to on to become the most successful provide funding for Quebec films. Canadian feature at the box office. ■ The Supreme Court of Ontario rules ■ Les bons debarras wins the Best Film that the Board of Censors is operating and The Changling the Golden Reel in violation of the Charter of Rights Award at the Genies. and Freedoms. ■ The Grey Fox wins the Best Film and FR MS Porky's the Golden Reel Award at the Genies. ■ The NFB wins its seventh Oscar for Alligator Shoes (Clay Borris) Heartaches (Don Shebib) Terre Nash's If You Love this Planet, and Heavy Metal (Gerald Potterton) John Zaritsky wins the Best Feature Not A Love Story (Bonnie Sherr Klein) Documentary for the CBC-produced, Les Plouffe (Gilles Carle) Just Another Missing Kid. Porky's (Bob Clark) P4W: Prison for Women (Holly Dale and FIL S Janis Cole) Scanners (David Cronenberg) The Grey Fox (Phillip Borsos) Ticket to Heaven (Ralph Thomas) If You Love This Planet (Terre Nash) The Boys of St. Vincent Maria Chapdelaine (Gilles Carle) Stations (William MacGillivray) Strange Brew (Dave Thomas and Rick John N. Smith 1982 Moranis) Events: Videodrome (David Cronenberg) Director.