Humanities Bee 2015-2016 Round 3 Round 3 Bee Round 3

(1) One of these dances included 32 fourett´esen tournant [foo-eh-TAY’s ahn toor-nahn] by Pierina Legnani. For Swan Lake, Anna Sobeshchanskaya hired Marius Petipa to write a new one of these dances. They typically involve an entrance, an adagio, a variation by each dancer, and a concluding coda, and are usually performed by the principal dancers of the company. For the point, give this French term for a multi-movement dance for two dancers. ANSWER: (grand) pas de deux (prompt on dance for two or other English descriptions before the end; prompt on “ballet”)

(2) This man argued that the mixing of natural resources with one’s labor endowed one with a certain right. That one of this man’s positions had “property” removed in favor of “the pursuit of happiness” by Thomas Jefferson for the Declaration of Independence. This philosopher argued that the mind at birth was tabula rasa, or a blank slate in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. For the point, name this English philosopher and author of Two Treatises of Government. ANSWER: John Locke

(3) This man became the father of the Mycenaean king Sthenelus after marrying the betrothed of Phineus, and he was the grandfather of the Persian Achaemenes. He was conceived when Zeus appeared as a shower of gold to Dana¨e,and was given a difficult task by Polydectes. This husband of Andromeda used used a shield as a mirror to freeze a snake-haired Gorgon and behead her. For the point, name this Greek hero who slew Medusa. ANSWER: Perseus

(4) This author wrote to “Pile the bodies high at Austerlitz and Waterloo” in his poem “Grass.” In another poem, he wrote that “I have seen the gunman kill and go free to kill again,” and he called the title entity “Fierce as a dog,” a “Player with Railroads,” and a “Tool Maker, Stacker of Wheat.” This man also referred to that “City of the Big Shoulders” as the “Hog Butcher for the World.” For the point, name this American poet, who wrote “Chicago.” ANSWER: Carl Sandburg

(5) Rel 3.1 ANSWER: A

(6) Nelson Rockefeller destroyed an artwork of this type after Diego Rivera refused to remove Vladimir Lenin from his Man at the Crossroads. A set of these commissioned by Pope Julius II include The Creation of Adam, which Michelangelo painted in the Sistine Chapel using fresco style. For the point, name these large artworks that are painted directly onto walls or ceilings, rather than on canvas. ANSWER: murals (accept frescos before it is read)

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(7) A Spanish conquistador disguises himself as a rebel in El Capitan, an operetta by this composer. One of this man’s works was used as the theme song for Monty Python’s Flying Circus. This inventor of a portable tuba directed the U.S. Marine Band and wrote works like Semper Fidelis and The Washington Post. For the point, name this American composer of The Stars and Stripes Forever , and The Liberty Bell March, known as the “March King.” ANSWER: John Phillip Sousa

(8) In one of this director’s films, a general is inspired by Abraham Lincoln’s Bixby letter. In another film by this man, a red coat worn by a little girl disrupts the otherwise black-and-white color scheme. This man directed a 15-minute sequence depicting the landing at Omaha Beach in a 1998 film. For the point, name this director who won Oscars for Schindler’s List and Saving Private Ryan and worked with composer John Williams on Jaws and E.T.. ANSWER: Steven Allan Spielberg

(9) Saussure described a “structural” form of this academic discipline, and Grimm worked in this discipline to propose a “Law” tracking the development of Proto-Germanic. Noam Chomsky works in this discipline, which describes phonology, morphology, and syntax to explain the sounds and patterns of speech. For the point, name this academic discipline that studies the evolution and structure of language. ANSWER: linguistics

(10) In this work, a character originally played by Michael Crawford tells another to “turn your face away from the garish light of day.” This work includes a production of the fictional Don Juan Triumphant. Sarah Brightman originated the female lead in this musical, singing in the duet “All I Ask of You” as the soprano Christine Daae. “The Music of the Night” is sung in, for the point, what Andrew Lloyd Webber musical about a disfigured, mask-wearing man who haunts a Parisian opera house? ANSWER: The Phantom of the Opera

(11) This man had a relationship with his student Camille Claudel, who inspired this man’s Galatea. He was accused of casting from a living model for his sculpture The Age of Bronze. The writings of Dante inspired this man’s sculpture The Gates of Hell, which include this man’s depiction of Francesca and Paolo da Rimini, The Kiss, as well as a man hunched over and resting his hand on his chin. For the point, name this French sculptor of The Thinker. ANSWER: Auguste Rodin [or Fran¸ois Auguste Ren´e Rodin]

(12) This location’s ruler disguised himself as “High,” “Just-As-High,” and “Third,” and presides over the daily consumption of Saehrimnir [SAY-hrim-neer], who regenerates daily in this location. This location receives the einherjar [EYN-hair-yahr], who are not taken to F´olkvangr at Freyja’s request. This massive building is decorated with golden shields and spears, since half of the warriors slain in battle are carried to this place by Valkyries. For the point, name this mead-hall ruled by Odin in the Norse afterlife. ANSWER: Valhalla (or Valh¨oll)

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(13) In the directions for this work, women’s choruses are to be placed in nearby rooms with the doors gradually closed, creating a fade-out in the “Mystic” finale. One section of this work is a setting of the poem “I Vow to Thee My Country.” Subtitles of this work’s other movements include “Winged Messenger” and “Bringer of War.” For the point, name this seven-movement orchestral suite by Gustav Holst that does not include movements for Earth or Pluto. ANSWER: The Planets (Opus 32)

(14) In this novel, Svidrigailov shoots himself after he dreams of a flood and a five-year old in a hotel. This novel’s protagonist is investigated by Porfiry Petrovich, and he compares himself to extraordinary men like Napoleon Bonaparte to justify killing an old pawnbroker with an axe. For the point, name this novel about the student Raskolnikov, who commits a murder and is sent to Siberia in this work by Fyodor Dostoevsky. ANSWER: Crime and Punishment (accept Prestupleniye i nakazaniye)

(15) Rel 3.2 ANSWER: A

(16) This architect designed the former Sundrome terminal at New York’s JFK International Airport, which was demolished in 2011. This man later built a presidential library named for Kennedy at Harvard. Another of this architect’s buildings, located on the shores of Lake Erie in Cleveland, is the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. He designed a glass pyramid which serves as the entrance to the Louvre in Paris. For the point, name this Chinese-American architect. ANSWER: I(eoh) M(ing) Pei

(17) Orchestras tune to an oboe playing this note at the standard 440 Hertz frequency for “concert pitch.” The lowest note on an 88-key piano is this note, and a trombone can play multiple octaves of E and this note in second position. The major scale beginning and ending with this natural note plays sharps on F, C, and G. For the point, name this note, enharmonic to B double-flat, which is found on the second space from the bottom on a treble clef staff. ANSWER: A

(18) This author was the father of the mathematician Ada Lovelace. He wrote a poem describing the “cloudless climes and starry skies” of the night. This author of “She Walks in Beauty” died while fighting in the Greek War of Independence and was friends with Mary and Percy Shelley. He satirized a legend about a Spanish womanizer in Don Juan [JEW-un]. For the point, name this Romantic poet and Lord. ANSWER: George Gordon, Lord Byron)

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(19) This man played with pianist Earl Hines on the single “Weatherbird.” He sang Gershwin duets like “They All Laughed” and “Let’s Call the Whole Thing Off” with Ella Fitzgerald. This singer won a Grammy in 1965 for a song that notes “It’s so nice to have you back where you belong,” and he was the first to record a song that describes “trees of green/red roses too.” “Hello, Dolly!” and “What a Wonderful World” were sung by, For the point, what jazz singer and trumpeter, nicknamed Satchmo? ANSWER: Louis Armstrong (accept Satchmo before it is read)

(20) This man painted a philosopher in flowing sleeves and a large hat resting his hand on a marble bust in Aristotle with a Bust of Homer. In a dark-varnished work by this man, one of the few illuminated people is a girl with a dead chicken, who stands behind the sash-wearing Captain Frans Banning Cocq. This man also painted seven observers watching Dr. Nicolaes Tulp manipulate a cadaver’s arm tendons. For the point, name this Dutch master who painted The Night Watch and The Anatomy Lesson. ANSWER: Rembrandt van Rijn

(21) In this work’s chapter “Of Clemency and Cruelty,” Hannibal’s behavior towards his soldiers is praised. In a late chapter, this work calls Fortune a woman to be struck. Pope Clement VII finally allowed for this work’s posthumous publication, at which point it was dedicated to Lorenzo de Medici. The idea that it is better for a ruler to be feared than to be loved is described in, for the point, what often-satirical 1532 work of political philosophy by Niccolo Machiavelli? ANSWER: The Prince (or Il Principe)

(22) Paul Hindemith wrote the Swan Turner concerto for this instrument, on which he was an acclaimed player. In a Richard Strauss tone poem, this stringed instrument represents Sancho Panza, the bumbling squire of Don Quixote. The strings of this alto clef instrument are, like the cello, tuned C, G, D, and A. For the point, name this stringed instrument that is slightly larger than, but held and played the same way as, a violin. ANSWER: viola (do not accept violin or viol or “viola da gamba”)

(23) This location is glorified in a song by Minimus, and a leader of this location offers a half a bushel of apples for the capture of a traitor who destroyed a windmill. A building in this location contains an inscription of the Seven Commandments and the lyrics to “Comrade Napoleon,” a song that transplants this place’s anthem “Beasts of England.” “Four legs good, two legs bad” is a mantra of the sheep of this place, which represents the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin. The pigs Snowball and Napoleon live in, For the point, what title location of a George Orwell novel? ANSWER: Animal Farm (accept Manor Farm; prompt on “farm”)

(24) Rel 3.3 ANSWER: A

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(25) This man replied “Any fool can see that!” when a friend noted the similarity between his first symphony and Beethoven’s ninth symphony. The beatitude “Blessed are they who mourn, for they shall be comforted” opens a work by this composer, which used Martin Luther’s translation, rather than the Latin version, of the Bible. For the point, name this composer of A German Requiem and a famous lullaby, a member of the “Three B’s” of classical music. ANSWER: Johannes Brahms

(26) This deity was known as “Epitragia” after Theseus sacrificed a goat to this deity, who pursued the extremely handsome son of Myrrha. Hesiod believed that this goddess was born from Uranus’s severed genitals, after which she emerged on a wave of seafoam. This goddess was captured in a golden net with Ares by her deformed husband, Hephaestus, and in some myths she is the mother of Eros, romantic love. For the point, name this Greek goddess of love and beauty. ANSWER: Aphrodite (do not accept Venus)

(27) This novel’s protagonist is shot during a burglary at a house later revealed to be that of his aunt. The title character falls in with Charley Bates and the Artful Dodger under the guidance of the old criminal Fagin, and learns to pickpocket on the streets of London. In an earlier scene in this novel, the title character asks Mr. Bumble, “Please, sir, I want some more” gruel. For the point, name this Charles Dickens novel about a title orphan. ANSWER: Oliver Twist

(28) In this work, shortly after it is revealed the Altdorf has fallen, the repeated theme of the “call to the cows” is heard. The aria “Sois immobile” [swahz ee-moh-beel] is sung as instructions to Jemmy, the title character’s son, shortly before he swears to kill Gessler with his second arrow. A famous galop is heard in the overture to, For the point, what opera by Rossini whose title archer saves Switzerland after shooting an apple off his son’s head? ANSWER: William Tell (or Guillaume Tell)

(29) Rel 3.4 ANSWER: A

(30) An epic from this country includes a philosophical lecture given to a prince by his charioteer. An author born in this country wrote about Saleem Sinai and a group of children born at the moment of this country’s independence, and became the subject of a fatwa because of his novel The Satanic Verses. For the point, name this country, the birthplace of Midnight’s Children author Salman Rushdie and the home of the Mahabharata, whose capital is New Delhi. ANSWER: Republic of India (or Bharat Ganarajya)

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(31) In a pair of paintings by Leonardo da Vinci, this figure sits beside an angel with two fingers raised while a small child honors him. The only sculpture signed by Michelangelo depicts this man’s lifeless body, cradled by an unusually young woman. An enormous statue of this man stands on the Corcovado mountain above a South American city. For the point, name this holy man depicted in the Piet`a and as “the Redeemer” above Rio de Janeiro. ANSWER: Jesus Christ (accept either underlined name)

(32) Alidoro builds a vehicle for Angelina in an adaptation of this story by Rossini. A Prokofiev ballet of this story includes dancing grasshoppers that have been transformed into footsoldiers. The central character of this story sings “On the Steps of the Palace” in Into the Woods and was played in the 2014 film version by Anna Kendrick. For the point, name this fairy tale, whose various ballet adaptations usually don’t use actual glass slippers for dancing. ANSWER: Cinderella (or La Cenerentola)

(33) Seven of these animals pulled the chariot of Ishtar. A goddess with the head of this animal was calmed by red-dyed beer, and was the Egyptian goddess of war, Sekhmet. A Greek hero killed one of these animals that was the son of Typhon and Echidna; after that, Heracles wore the impenetrable pelt of the “Nemean” one of these animals. For the point, name these big cats, known for their manes and fierce roars. ANSWER: lions (accept Panthera leo)

(34) At the premiere of one of these works, a chandelier fell but missed the audience, which had moved to the front to applaud. Johann Peter Solomon provided nicknames for several of these works, including a set of 12 written in London by Joseph Haydn and Mozart’s last of these works. After living in Spillville, Iowa, Antonin Dvorak wrote one of these “From the New World.” For the point, name this type of musical work, usually in four movements, played by an entire orchestra. ANSWER: symphony (accept London symphonies or symphonies by Joseph Haydn)

(35) In 1994, Bill Gates paid over $30 million to buy the Codex Leicester [LES-ter], a book owned by this man. This man used the writings of a Roman architect to a draw a man inscribed in a square and a circle. This creator of the Vitruvian Man studied the flight patterns of birds to design an early model of a helicopter in one of his many notebooks. For the point, name this Italian inventor and artist, who painted the Mona Lisa. ANSWER: Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (accept either underlined portion)

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Extra Question

Only read if moderator botches a question. (36) This material was used for the doors to the Florence Baptistery by Lorenzo Ghiberti; those doors earned the nickname “The Gates of Paradise.” Cellini depicted Perseus with the Head of Medusa in this material. One work in this medium shows a victorious king of Israel wearing just a hat and boots while standing on Goliath’s severed head. Donatello’s sculpture of David is made out of, for the point, what metal alloy of copper and tin? ANSWER: bronze

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