Modelling and Measuring Reactions to a Road Construction Project Under Uncertiantly and Multi-Dimensions of Impact

This is a repository copy of Modelling and Measuring Reactions to a Road Construction Project Under Uncertiantly and Multi-Dimensions of Impact. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/2293/ Monograph: Hopkinson, P.G. and Pearman, A.D. (1988) Modelling and Measuring Reactions to a Road Construction Project Under Uncertiantly and Multi-Dimensions of Impact. Working Paper. Institute of Transport Studies, University of Leeds , Leeds, UK. Working Paper 265 Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version - refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. 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(1988) Modelling and Measuring Reactions to a Road Construction Project Under Uncertiantly and Multi-Dimensions of Impact. Institute of Transport Studies, University of Leeds. Working Paper 265 White Rose Consortium ePrints Repository [email protected] Workins Pa~er265 April 1988 MODELLING AND MEASURING RESIDENTS REACTIONS TO A ROAD CONSTRUCTION PROJECT UNDER UNCERTAINTY AND MULTI-DIMENSIONS OF IMPACT P G Hopkinson A D Pearman ITS Working Papers are intended to provide information and encourage discussion on a topic in advance of formal publication. They represent only the views of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or approval of sponsors. This work was sponsored by the Department of the Environment. Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 SJT, England. Leeds (05321 43175'1 CONTENTS Summary 1. Introduction 1.1 Aims and Objectives 2. Project Background 2.1 Study Context 2.2 Road Construction Studies 2.3 Research Topics Addressed 3. Survey Design : Methodological Issues 3.1 Attitudes, Evaluation and Environmental Issues 3.2 Elicitation of Views 3.3 Measurement 3.4 Questionnaire Design 3.5 Uncertainty and Environmental Evaluation 3.6 Multiattribute Utility Method 4. Pre-Construction Study 4. i Introduction 4.2 Findings - general 4.3 Attitudes, Belief - Uncertainty 4.4 Discussion and Conclusion 5. Results and Discussion 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Rating and Ranking of Attributes 5.3 Responses to Questionnaire Statements 5.4 Conclusions and Discussions on the Questionnaire 5.5 Multi-attribute Utility Questionnaire 6. Future Work References Appendix 1 : Study Interview Form: Construction Phase 2 : Study Interview Form: Operational Phase 3 : Study Interview Form: Multi-Attribute Utility 4 : Transcibed Interviews from Pilot Study 5 : Pilot Study Sample 6 : Main Survey Sample 7 : Results of Questions About Operational Phase of Road Scheme CONTENTS OF FIGURES 1: Possible Role of Subjective Response Information in Decision Making. 2: Plan of Local Area Affected by Road Scheme. 3: Example of a Scalar Technique for Measuring People's Reactions. 4: Multi-attribute utility and curve : An idealised example 5: Framework Showing Factors Affecting Formation of Opinions Towards Haulage Road Scheme. 6: Five Separate Utility Functions. CONTENTS OF TABLES Preconstruction Study : Classification data and residents1 views about the Woodhouse estate and their homes. Residentsg views; level of awareness and interest in the Welbeck Project. Attributes, Descriptive Qualities, Indicators and Physical Causes Referred to by Residents in Relation to Road Construction (C) and Operation (0). Beliefs about effects of road scheme. Statements indicating uncertainty about road scheme and beliefs about public consultation. Breakdown of sample characteristics - main survey. Percentage of respondents reporting different levels and relative importance of nuisance during road construction. Percentage of respondents reporting different levels and relative importance of nuisance during road construction period by distance from road. Percentage of respondents agreeing with statements. Percentage of respondents agreeing with statements by distance from road scheme. Percentage of extreme rating scores for five scales. Test of association between rating of overall nuisance and specific statements. Test of association between statements. Percentage of residents reporting effects of noise and dust by time of day and day of week. Percentage of residents complaints about road construction. Evaluation of three hypothetical options. 1. Introduction The construction of a new road can affect the lives of different people in many ways. The ways in which those people evaluate a new road scheme and how this relates to actual changes in physical environmental conditions is clearly important for those involved with the selection, design and management of such projects. For information concerning the views people hold towards a new project to be useful and effective, it should be gathered in a way that relates to specific decision-making objectives . The aim of the project on which this report is based is to develop approaches to the measurement of individuals' evaluations of the constructional and operational consequences of a road scheme which meet these requirements. Two particular research themes form the background to the project. The first is to provide a fuller conceptual analysis of the ways in which people evaluate the good and bad aspects of major new road schemes. In particular, the project sought to examine the role of beliefs and micro-social processes in the formation of the attitudes which people hold and how these relate to their actual experiences of the road scheme. From this perspective an individual's llevaluationllof a road scheme can be theorized at many levels, from the merely physical, such as the annoying effect of noise, to the role of friends and neighbours in influencing the status of different forms of information or the formation of views held. Considering both the physical and social factors underlying evaluation provides greater scope for explaining the variability of reactions to environmental disturbances as well as suggesting more realistic measures for dealing with people's anxieties and concerns. Secondly the project as a whole will provide the necessary time span to examine both residents' prior and posterior weights for a number of environmental attributes related to the road scheme in operation. From this it should be possible to begin to formulate guidance for planners on how to incorporate prior subjective views into project evaluation in a way which allows for known relationships between prior and posterior views. In view of the exploratory nature of the investigation, and the absence of well defined methods for identifying and measuring the different processes and mechanisms of interest, considerable effort was spent in undertaking in depth interviews with residents. These were carried out firstly to establish whether the theoretical concepts initially considered relevant to the study were so in practice and secondly, if they were, how they could be structured within formal survey methods. Accordingly, a substantial part of this report is concerned with the content and issues raised by those interviews. 1.1 Aims and Obiectives Initially the Institute for Transport Studies was invited formally by the DOE and the former West Yorkshire Metropolitan County Council to submit a proposal for a programme of research into residents attitudes to the environmental impact of a haulage road from Sharlston Colliery to Welbeck landfill site, Wakefield. There are many ways in which attitudinal information could be used within a planning and design framework (see Figure 1). Not all of these could be examined in a single study and some were prohibited, since the planning of the road scheme had reached the construction phase. At a workshop organised by the Welbeck Project Steering Committee and in later discussions with officers charged with the management of the Welbeck Scheme in its entirety two main areas of interest were identified: (i) to conduct a detailed conceptual analysis of the way in which people formed an evaluation of the road scheme; (ii) to measure individuals' assessments of, and attitudes to, anticipated changes in different environmental attributes and to compare these to the same attributes after any changes had occurred. Accordingly, our research proposal had two main objectives. The first objective was to develop a survey technique to identify the factors which were likely to contribute to

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