The library at Raj Bhavan's south-east Professor S. Nurul Hasan's is the wing is being restored. As is its largest 'Governor's Shelf' in the Raj Bhavan and it is a privilege to have Record Room. Both are modest of been able to set it in a semblance of size. But they hold in niches of order. surprise, volumes and papers that This first issue in the series of reflect a certain grace-in-age. It has Occasional Papers coincides with the been our special privilege to restore 20th anniversary of his assumption on 12.8.1986, of the office of Governor from the dust of neglect several books of West Bengal. It offers to the reader that belonged to the Governor of the a glimpse into that historian- Governor's mind, his varied career, day and were contributed to the his panoramic scholarship, his library or just 'left behind'. Often generous table, his gift of time to callers and friends. And behind all bearing their signatures and that, a core of privacy. We bring in inscriptions, they tell us something of this first issue, five appreciations of Professor Nurul Hasan and a list of his the Governors' range of reading books in our library. interests and concerns. And also, of course, of the diversity of their Librarian visitors who brought books as gifts.

PROF. S. NURUL HASAN asymptotic, has shown increasingly common points of focus on policies. A MEMOIR My connections with him Barun De deepened in those years, though his affection for me went back for at least thirty years before. I first met him at On August 12th 1986, Saiyid the end of 1958. I had accompanied Nurul Hasan joined at Raj Bhavan, my teacher, Prof. Susobhan Sarkar of Kolkata, as Governor of West Bengal. Presidency College (then in Jadavpur With a brief interval of a year in 1990, University) and his family to the when he was transferred to Trivandrum Session of the Indian Bhubaneshwar as Governor of Orissa, History Congress. The first he was to stay here till he passed away Communist state government had just in the Presidency General (SSKM) been formed. Many people like us Hospital on 16th June 1993. Among journeyed to marvel at the pioneering the many Governors who have come efforts to present alternatives to one- to West Bengal, he was one who party rule, if necessary by coalition gained great respect from common with like-minded forces, as much as to people. His mortal remains lay in state attend the somewhat boring paper- in the lower hall of Raj Bhavan from reading. The Sarkar family took me the early hours of the 17th June before with them to call on their old being taken in a cortege down acquaintance, the Chief Minister, Dharamtala Street towards the Airport E.M.S.Namboodiripad. He was for interment near other national preoccupied and formal: they also leaders in the Jamia Milia cemetery in visited their friend, the next in the Delhi. Mourners lined the path up to cabinet hierarchy, C.Achutha Menon, the North Gate of Raj Bhavan and all who would much later become the the way to the suburbs. CPI Chief Minister and originator of The secret of this respect lay some understanding of Congress in his capacity to combine a policies at the turn of the 70s. Among international reputation as secularist his suggestions to the Sarkars was that teacher and erudite scholar of they take the lead in developing mediaeval and modern history with a understanding of the method of Marx remarkable diplomatic capacity to among the professionals in higher encourage Left Front rulers of this education and that we could meet the state to steer closer to some elements head of the Party group concerned of the Congress, indeed those who with such matters, Comrade now hold power in the United Damodaran. My friend from Oxford Progressive Alliance in New Delhi. days who had just come back with his This was a sort of convergence for brilliant D.Phil on the agrarian system national progress, which though of Mughal India, Irfan Habib, had also 2 come to the session with Professor in eastern UP, grieving over the Nurul Hasan and his student Iqtidar departure to war of their Purbiya Alam Khan. It was decided that along Sipahi young men. In short, we should with them we would have this small not be restricted only to administrative get together. The three of them, policies of the state (in which I told Prof.Sarkar, his daughter Sipra and him I had just begun my thesis) but son Sumit, then a M.A student, should research into the social and Prof.Bimalaprasad Mukherjee of economic system and political culture, Jadavpur and his son Saugata, and of which policy was only the myself were present. It was felt that regulatory element. Times would such meetings of like-minded people change rapidly, he said. It would be should be held in subsequent sessions. our responsibility to change and This has been done in the History mould the outlook, and to give newer Congress till this day and Irfan Habib and more interesting dimensions to remains the one constant factor in the year after year of new students. If we group. Professor Nurul Hasan had were to build a new movement in been quiet and not been very historical thinking, we should not communicative, but at the end said to remain bogged down even in the latest me that he would like to have a chat shibboleths. Our windows should be when I was free from the sessions. open to the ever-blowing winds of change. What he did not say was that This we did later in a we should be ready to go past even corridor of the University. That the fascination of current Marxist meeting was inspirational for me. He ideas, though we should not shy away was then a slim, very good looking from its very penetrating insights into and elegant man, built small and with the relations and forces of production. a sparkle in his eyes. What he said to me was very new in the country at It is possible to discern in that time, though I could recognize this much of the avant-garde thinking much of it from the social history about the social sciences that has thinking of Oxford in the 1950s of rolled in over our outlook in the last Asa Briggs, Trevor-Roper or fifty years - the premises of 'history Christopher Hill. He thought that new from below' that men like teachers of my generation should look E.P.Thompson pioneered at least a at the society and culture of the decade later, of 'cultural studies' common people, that we should whether of the variety begun by Stuart interest ourselves in the mass appeal Hall, or varied by Barney Cohn and of the folk literature related to the Subaltern Studies group two religious practices, in the poetry and decades later, or the re-fashioning of romance surrounding the ballads of Marxism away from Soviet regulation the sort which were sung by lovers into open-ended and firmly academic and brides in his Ghazipur homeland discourse related to the specificities of 3 the lives of all classes, rich as well as Unlike M.A.Jinnah or the Raja of poor. Mulling over the details, largely Mahmudabad, Sir Wazir Hasan's un-chronicled, of Dr. Nurul Hasan's associates of those days, he remained achievements, from his youth through averse to political communalism. His his teaching career, his own research, sons S.Husain Zaheer, S.Ali Zaheer his widespread reading, and on the and the communist Sajjad Zaheer, other hand his public life, as an MP, a were staunch nationalists, the former a Minister for Education, Social Vice Chairman of the CSIR and Dr, Welfare and Culture in Indira Nurul Hasan's ideal, the second a Gandhi's cabinet in the 1970s, as Vice Minister in the Congress Government Chairman of the Council for Scientific in UP. and Industrial Research and then as The young Nurul Hasan read Ambassador to the Soviet Union in History at the nationalist fountainhead the 1980s, and as Governor, it seems of Allahabad University. His teachers that his greatest achievement was of included Dr.Tara Chand, whose book encouragement to keep our windows on the interrelation of Islam and open to the prospects of change and Hindu civilization in Mediaeval India improvement, to plan for the future had led Jawaharlal Nehru, also an without losing hope in the present, Allahabadi, and Maulana Azad, to and to steer clear of dogma. entrust him with writing the first He was born on the 26th history of the Indian freedom December 1921, the son of Saiyid movement. Others were Dr.Ishwari Abdul Hasan, who rose to the rank of Prasad, a specialist on international Chairman of the Court of Wards in the relations as well as mediaeval India, old UP. His father's revenue and and Dr.R.P.Tripathi, an eminent agrarian experience influenced his systematic thinker on "Muslim knowledge of Persian and Hindustani Administration in India", whom Dr. documents that are the archives of Nurul Hasan greatly admired. Their rural life in the transition during early presuppositions about the non- modern times from Later Mughal to conflictual character of traditional Early Colonial India. His social origin composite culture in India and the was among the scholar-gentry, Shia need to go beyond the facts of state and petty aristocratic without rural policy to the structure and logic of its Sunni orthodoxy, and with affinity to own premises, basing this analysis on cultural roots in the vilayet that was only the original language source not Britain but rather the 'western material, seems to have influenced his authority' of Iran and Turan. His thoughts greatly. Certainly, like all maternal grandfather was Sir S.Wazir scholars conversant with Urdu as their Hasan, a 'Young Muslim' of the 1916 mother tongue, and thus familiar with brief Lucknow Pact between the Arabic and Persian as languages of Congress and the Muslim League. religion and culture, whether they 4 were Hindu or Muslim, he did not while police lobbed tear gas shells accept Sir Jadunath Sarkar's obiter into the crowd of students. dicta on 'Islamic bigotry' and 'Muslim Soon after the War ended in foreignness' as pervasive of mediaeval 1945, he left for Oxford to do his state power. D.Phil on "the Chisti and Suhrawardy In his student years, he was a movements in mediaeval India, to the leader of the newly formed Student's middle of the 16th century". Federation, a leftist pep group still of Completed in 1948, this thesis was the national movement: it came under never published. I have seen hardly communist control during the War any article published from it. The years soon after. In 1967 in an early thesis is a bit of a legend among meeting of the S.Gopal committee of scholars of Indian social history and the NCERT of which he was a looks at the bases of the Sufi mystic member and for which I was doing the orders in Islam in the broadest social preliminary work for the Class VIII and economic terms, and not as just text book, he asked me if the theology or religious inspiration. Biswanath Mukherjee, who had Presumably he did not ignore the become Minister in the first United broad, syncretic aspects of this any Front Ministry was the same as his more than Kshiti Mohan Sen had comrade who had led the SF in 1938. earlier done for Dadu Dayal and When I said he indeed was, he gave Rajjab or Indu Bhusan Banerjee had me a letter of remembrance and done for the Sikh Gurus. Dr. Nurul congratulation to pass on through our Hasan seems to have been chary of common friend, Gautam the mullahs, who might not have Chattopadhyay. I think it was in 1943 accepted his views about the that Nurul Hasan first communicated chronological veracity of some of the a paper to the Indian History Congress texts about divines of the Sultanate - perhaps it may have been his period. He left the thesis to stay in his summary of the Russian language bookshelves, from where, rather view of Academician Dyakov's unwillingly, he showed it to me on formulations about 'tribal feudalism' one or two occasions. It deserves to be among the Afghans. This marked the rescued and edited by a scholar today. former's continuing interest in the After his D.Phil, Dr.Nurul ethnic specificities of ruling class Hasan served briefly as a Lecturer in behaviour. His sympathy for the the London School of Oriental and Soviets and the Peoples War thesis of African Studies. Later he published an the CPI about India's role in the entry or two in the Encyclopaedia of Second War kept him out of the 1942 Islam, and indeed in later years was to movement, when as a young lecturer be elected Fellow of the Royal in Lucknow University, he stood Historical Society, and also Fellow of among the University authorities 5 the Asiatic Society, London. Much under her husband's guidance later he was selected as a completed a Ph.D, editing the Corresponding Member of the Ghunyat-ul-Munya, a text on musical Academy of Sciences, USSR. canons of the early Islamic period in India. About this time came his final rift with the Communist movement. The late 1950s and the early The myths about him that abounded 1960s saw them at their best. In the till the 1960s had it that the puritanical Aligarh History Department, a group leadership of the CPI, which unseated of scholars, which had grown up in P.C.Joshi, and the liberal nationalist free thinking ways, critical of Pakistan intelligentsia of the War years, could and the two nation theory, and also not stomach Dr.Nurul Hasan's engaged in struggle against the Jan marriage with the elder daughter of a Sangh's chauvinistic version of Hindu prince, the principal Rohilla chieftain, communalism, who had learned the Nawab of Rampur. However that secular and modernist Indian history may be, Khurshid Begum, known and political science from Professor affectionately as 'Dawn' to her Muhammad Habib, gravitated after intimates - a name supposedly given Hibib Sahib's retirement, to by their English governess - or as Prof.Nurul Hasan's leadership. As 'Dun Bibi' to her Aligarh admirers, Head of the Department of History, he was probably the greatest blessing in organized one of the first UGC his life. She was married when she Advanced Centres of Study. As was eighteen and he would Secretary from 1964 to 1967 of the humorously tell stories of how, used Indian History Congress, he was able as she was to European cooking and to take it away from its old boring and dinner table manners, on an early trip dry-as-dust chronicling towards to Madras, she burst into tears when interesting annual seminar sessions, he offered her cheap idli and dosa for academic encouragement to young lunch. A handsome Pathan lady in the research workers to discuss and 1960s, with a mischievous twinkle in criticize weak and unscientific her eyes and a wicked sense of methodology, and to present analytic humour even in the most solemn and imaginative reconstructions of seminars lectured to by ageing Delhi archival or documentary source Vice Chancellors, she began to draw materials. With the aid of his friends, him away from his rather introverted Professor R.S.Sharma and Dr.Satish sense of privacy in the company of Chandra, the Congress popularized people whom he did not wish to treat the historical study of epigraphy, as equals. Her father presided over the numismatics, the social context of art very valuable Raza Library of and literature, and the history of manuscripts in Rampur and was an science (in which they also made expert on classical music. She herself unsuccessful attempts to revitalize a 6 group in the Indian National Science years later. In 1968, Mrs.Gandhi Academy - however, it was with his nominated him to the Rajya Sabha. encouragement later as Minister for His wife would have loved to see his Education that Dr.A Rahman started advancement. As it is, he began to the well known work continued by neglect the check that she had kept on Deepak Kumar and others on the his health and his friends were social history of modern Indian dismayed to see the over-indulgence science). in food; though it must be said that more of it went to feasting his Tragedy struck the family in relatives and friends than in personal the late summer of 1967. Earlier that consumption. The overweight that year, Mrs.Nurul Hasan had spoken drastically shortened his life was now happily to myself and Sabyasachi to begin. In 1972, he was President of Bhattacharya at Flora's restaurant on the Indian History Congress, the steps of Jama Masjid, where they succeeding Prof. Susobhan Sarkar. He had taken us for kebabs about 'Nuru' was a member of the Indian being invited to the USA to teach. She Government delegation to the United also repeated what she had said in Nations at the time of the Bangladesh 1965 at the Allahabad History War and played a notable part in Congress, scolding me for not negotiations with the European and bringing my wife with me to these Russian powers in those fateful times: gatherings. She had an illness in later he was to go to Vienna for which her blood pressure fell discussions about India's role in the disastrously if a certain injection were production and control of energy given. They went to Kashmir for a resources. Diplomats of the transition holiday with their children, Siraj and towards great power status like Talat. The Professor and their close S.K.Singh and J.N.Dixit thought of friend the late Dr.Moonis Raza him with respect and affection. As trekked up to Dachigam forest. In the Education, Social Welfare and Culture meanwhile Mrs.Nurul Hasan fell ill Minister, his role however was open and the doctor would not listen when to controversy. she warned him about the injection. The worst happened and she passed He obviously wanted to speed away before Dr.Nurul Hasan could up the pace of reform in higher get back to Srinagar. This was a education and expand the base of catastrophic loss. I do know that he school as well as informal education kept a silver framed photo of her, next with a view to creating greater social to his pillow on his bedside table till welfare. For this purpose he initiated, the end. with the support of the University Grants Commission, to which Prof. He did go, ironically as Fellow Satish Chandra was shifted, from of All Souls College, Oxford a few JNU, as Chairman, the upgrading of 7 the Higher Secondary system of Social Science Research, that his education and increase of collegiate predecessor, Dr.V.K.R.V.Rao had set facilities in better schools, the up two or three years previously (in clarification of the 10+2+3 system which only economic history had been from primary to bachelor's level, and a one of very many subjects to be radical upgradation of the long-static patronized by government grants). salary scales of college teachers, Also, right at the beginning of his where the Centre created initiatives Ministerial term, in early 1973, he for the states to slowly respond by organized and personally participated provision of funds in their budgets. in a committee of historians to help in Visiting Darjeeling for a college the writing of the National Book Trust refresher course in History (a practice primer on Freedom Struggle by Bipan which became, now, far more Chandra, Amales Tripathi and myself. common than it has previously been This marked the 25th anniversary of with the introduction of Academic India's freedom. Staff Colleges in select universities) I One of Kolkata's specific was told by a teacher that if Prof. benefits from these policies was his Nurul Hasan went down in history for immediate acceptance of a proposal, any one achievement, it would be for at the instance of the leading this possibility of college teachers all economist and intellectual in the city, over the country to improve their Prof. Bhabatosh Datta, made to Shri standard of living. In the cultural J.P.Naik in his capacity as sector, he initiated one of the last Educational Adviser to the thrusts in recent time for academic Government of India and to Prof. upgradation of museums, for Sukhamay Chakrabarty, then a improvement by the last academically Member of the Planning Commission, trained Directors-General of the to set up a small unit, completely Archaeological Survey of India, and - autonomous, under the aegis of half across culture and higher education - and half funding by the ICSSR and for the establishment of centers for the State Government, where scholars research, independent of university desirous of working in peace from the faction politics, in the social sciences pressures of excessive teaching loads, and economic development, similar to and with a modicum of research the Centre for Development Studies support and infrastructure, could form (affectionately known as ‘(K.N.) Raj's a collegial community. The Institute’), which the then Kerala Chakrabarty Committee that he Chief Minister, C.Achutha Menon had appointed, with Sukhamay, Naik established at Trivandrum, as well as Sahib, Prof.Datta, Mr.G. Parthasarathi for the establishment of the Indian (JNU Vice Chancellor), Dr.Surajit Council of Historical Research, in Sinha, Prof. Tapas Majumdar and addition to the Indian Council of myself as Members, recommended a 8 pattern that has been followed not largely populist and related in part to only for the Centre for Studies in the retrogressive realities of diverse Social Sciences, Calcutta, which I was elements in Indian national lives that asked to set up, but also for several would thrust themselves up only after other similarly funded research 1997, led to an atmosphere in which institutes initiated by State the Education and Culture Minister's Governments in the next years in political use of patronage and anti- different parts of our country. reactionary policies could be condemned as elitist, ironically, from The controversies came with the right. the perception in the growing opposition that the nation was being When Mrs. Gandhi's biased towards a leftward, quasi- government fell in the Elections after socialist, and statist tilt, perilously the Emergency was lifted, the close to the Soviet bloc. The Minister's policy had been under fire. Education Minister's choice of What seemed to be a political nominees for key positions, big and withdrawal of maintenance grants to a small were called coterie and clique- new Delhi research centre noted for based by disappointed aspirants and its social radicalism, and punitive their intimates. His adversaries picked measures taken against a MP up these canards. The fact that many academic, who had gone abroad to of these nominations and publicize his criticisms of appointments were of people with authoritarianism, were all grist to the Marxist views was used freely to mill. This is now long-dead history. It condemn the initiative taken is also a fact that the events of the principally to explicate secular and 1980s changed the contours of the relatively harmless Nehruvian views political scene, with the emergence of of Indian composite culture against new kinds of tit-for-tat the Jan Sangh theories of Hindu authoritarianism, and of casteism and majoritarianism. The changes were political communalism of the most brought about within a narrow base of murderous varieties, cutting across the elite, many of whom came from many religions. the relatively westernized segments of In a brief spell of teaching the middle classes; this meant that back in Delhi University between they lacked a popular base among the 1977 and 1983, Prof. Nurul Hasan petty bourgeois and affluent peasant worked on aspects of Later Mughal sections of small town and educated social history. One of his articles in a rural groups in the urban-rural nexus. volume on the city in India's urban The latter were creating a social history has a most interesting insight revolution in Indian political culture, into the morphology of urban types in quite independent of statist policies pre-modern Mughal cities. Its insights from 1967 to 1997. These ideas, 9 are similar to those provided for and Technical Museum on Gurusaday Punjab's small towns by J.S.Grewal in Road in Kolkata. He was then posted his study of Bhatinda in The Bye- as Ambassador to the Soviet Union, at Lanes of History. In 1984, just before a time when it was still a superpower, he left for the USSR, he was invited to though Andropov was in the last give the keynote address to a seminar, stages of his illness, the Afghan organized at Amritsar by Prof.Grewal imbroglio was entering its crisis, and on India in the 18th century. Here, he the fantasy of 'convergence' between challenged both the current Indian communism and capitalism as idea that it represented and unrelieved compatible forms of governance was picture of decline, first as a result of already beginning to implode. I had universal rapacity and plunder by the the occasion to visit Moscow in a successors of the Great Mughal ruling large ICSSR delegation on class, and then by the creeping International Relations. Prof. Nurul corrosion of colonialism, as well as Hasan was most hospitable to his the view, being voiced in Western friends, like Moonis Raza, S.Gopal scholarship by scholars like and myself, regaling us one evening C.A.Bayly that there was a after his formal party delegation, with development of indigenous growth in recordings of cassettes that he had many pockets in North India itself, in acquired when he had visited Lahore, the early part of the century, and that crossing the border from Amritsar colonialism worked in the comprador during his seminar journey there. The interstices of such growth, for the poems of protest by Pakistani creative inevitable development of indigenous artists against General Zia-ul Haq's partnership with it. Also, there is an despotism and his account of literature all-two brief review by him in the that he had bought in the bazaars were Indian Economic and Social History fascinating as an account of the Review of the perceptive social people-to-people understanding account of The Sufis of Bijapur by between Pakistan and India that would R.M.Eaton. To read it makes one flower within a year or two after he grieve that he was not left free in passed away in 1993. these years to be tempted to finally In 1986, he was posted to West publish his own writings on the Bengal as successor of Uma Shankar Chistis and Suhrawardis. Dikshit, the previous Governor. His Public duty had, however, speech on assuming office on 12th become his métier. As Vice Chairman August set the tone. He was glad, he of the CSIR for a few years, he said, to come back to a state and city showed signal understanding of the in which he had many friends, and not problems of the technical workers by just among the academics. He hoped resolving a dispute between them and that he would be able to work in the management of the Birla Industrial conditions of perfect amity. He faced 10 unrest in the hill subdivisions of hills near Siliguri, were all projects Darjeeling district. The older cadres that he envisaged. They did not take of the GNLF were going through a off because of Kolkata's lack of phase of violence and arson without enthusiasm in extending help and also any clear political programme, except because of local apathy and greed - the break up of older Gorkhaland for instance, the jotedars in the plains political groupings and their own subdivision of Siliguri, he said, assertion of local dominance. Prof. engrossed the milk for khoya and Nurul Hasan spent his first year in chhana and denuded Himul of milk restoring some degree of mutual for cheese. He wanted the Centre for understanding between Shri Jyoti Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta to Basu's leadership of the Left Front organize advocacy of these projects. and Mr. Ghising's party. I had Unfortunately, the radical trend at that prepared the revision of the Darjeeling time in the Centre was not interested Gazetteer a few years before and in such humdrum improvement, written a draft on its 20th century sponsored by government. Another political history, which he used theme of his interest was restoration extensively. On visits to Darjeeling of peace in the higher echelons of Raj Bhavan, one had the chance to see Calcutta University, where the Vice the way in which he sought to bring Chancellor was at odds with the political adversaries into some sort of dominant Marxist group. His constant working relationship, though not refrain was to get adversarial elements necessarily friendly alliance. The talking to each other. opening of a path of autonomy, In these years, he used to speak however constitutionally constrained to us about his views on the besetting it may be, for the hills in West Bengal problem that he thought bedevilled is a measure of his success, though he West Bengal. Agriculture was going would have been happy had this been through a boom period and the Left translated during the last decade into Front programme of tenancy reform economic self-sufficiency. and protection of rights and The revitalization of cinchona empowerment had been a success. plantation, the diversification and However, the surplus was not being improvement of tea estates, the reinvested substantially in industrial improvement of hill tourism, and the revitalization of a region whose earlier possible development of Swiss-style leading sector from Kolkata to home industries, such as precision Asansol had become obsolete with the watch making, or the supply of milk decay of colonialism. The agrarian from the below-3000ft level of surplus needed to be unlocked from Kurseong Subdivision for updated futile over-consumption in the small mechanically fabricated milk products towns and to be put to work in new in the Himul factory just below the industrial plants spread out over the 11 countryside and not just around One last point remains to be Kolkata. This alone could lead to a recalled. When he arrived in 1986, boost in jobs, employment, and Prof. Nurul Hasan used to talk to me demand for a wholesale reform in the at length about what he thought was educational system, so that those who the moment of potential excelled in agriculture could also be transformation that he had been trained in the skills of urbanized witnessing in the USSR, of industry, towards a new outlook of Chernenko giving way to the younger hope in West Bengal social life. I Gorbachev. Beneath the rhetoric of would like to think that such ideas glasnost and openness (which after all have influenced the new shift in West he had been advocating to me since Bengal policy under the current 1958), he saw two possibilities. Either slogan that "we have accomplished an perestroika might collapse and lead to agrarian transformation, let it support chaos: or there might be a pervasive an industrial one". spread of social humanity on a universal plane that would influence Revitalization of the objects us as well. He thought that these that used to clutter the Victoria trends should be studied, not Memorial Hall had been his abiding necessarily in the Centre for Studies interest since 1973, when as Minister in Social Sciences, but in a specialized for Culture, he had formed a Academy with particular reference to committee, with Prof. Niharrajan Ray contemporary history and Asian as Chairman. The Committee could affairs. This should focus, not looking preserve the name of the monument, down from Moscow, but rather on a which youth leaders of that time view from the South, looking upwards wanted to be changed to Aurobindo and outwards from India. There were Bhavan. However, Curzon's statue many problems to reconsider, whether was removed from Queensway to of China's new path or the dynamics within the Memorial grounds and of oil politics in the Gulf. We could Aurobindo's statue put up in his place. make a new start in Kolkata by In 1986, when Prof. Nurul Hasan focusing a secular look at new became ex-officio Chairman of the changes going on, influenced by the Memorial, he presided over the collapse of Afghanistan into anarchy, lighting up at night of the Hall, in Central Asia beyond the Oxus, and initiated by Shri Russi Mody, and then further a field in the Islamic lands personally supervised the work of from Turkey to Indonesia and the historians to draft the script and Philippines. His theme was the scenario of the sound and light show struggle of the immediate future in the grounds and the new and richly- would be between Islamic fanaticism illustrated and textually detailed and secularism at bay, and we should exhibit of the Calcutta Gallery. study this from the angle of 12 specificities of the area study about which the less I say in this approach, backed up by sufficient context, the better. I think he would linguistic training and a critical have been happier to see that the understanding of Asian religiosity, modernization of Madrasa education Buddhist as well as Muslim, and also has now been firmly taken up by the external affairs. Chief Minister and the new Minister for Minority Affairs and Madrasa This was the background of his Education. patient effort from the time of the Maulana Azad centenary in 1988, to This is not a chronicle of Prof. set up an institute in the name of Nurul Hasan's manifold activities. I India's first Education and Cultural shall therefore leave out his Minister and friend of Nehru, that enthusiastic attempts, to get the would give Kolkata an edge of Institute kick started on the two urgency in its new view of the world. campuses that he was able to organize He related this to another plan, the for it, while his health declined upgrading of the Calcutta Madrasa to shockingly due to his longstanding the level of a first-rate college for new kidney complaints. The day he left and secular Islamic Studies. He was Delhi after the first meeting of the always in touch with enlightened Institute's general body to preside Muslim opinion in the city: over the convocation of North Bengal particularly taking the help of the late University, he wrote a letter to the Mr. Justice Khwaja Muhammad then Finance Minister, Dr. Manmohan Yusuf and the editor of the Urdu Azad Singh, commending the Institute to Hind Daily, Ahmed Said Malihabadi, the latter's sponsorship. It was during the son of Azad's biographer and the Siliguri Convocation that he amanuensis. These efforts finally led collapsed and was flown back to him to set up in January 1993 - with Kolkata. His last day in the residence, its initial office at Raj Bhavan itself, he summoned me to his bedroom and and a glittering board and society of spent much more than an hour that he scholars and bureaucrats from Delhi was permitted, explaining to me the as well as Kolkata - the Maulana Abul intricacies of tabarrah. This is the Kalam Azad Institute of Asian most intense part of Shia agonistic Studies, which I was, once again, practices, often by women in private asked to start. It also led to the Yusuf gatherings at Muharram time (such as Committee Report of 1993, and its I had read described by Vikram Seth successor, the Report of in A Suitable Boy), in which three of Dr.A.R.Kidwai, one of Prof. Nurul the first four Just Caliphs of Islam are Hasan's successors as Governor, on reviled and Hazrat Ali is glorified. He the reform of Madrasa education in said we should find a good faqih or Bengal. The Maulana Azad Institute Islamic jurisprudent with secular has gone through some vicissitudes, credentials to combat 13 fundamentalism. Prof. Nurul Hasan in Prof.Nurul Hasan to assess the his last days was coming back to the significance of his role in all this. personal beliefs of his forefathers, and In this regard, the cataloguing had yet retained his own rationalism of his books that were left behind in since he interlarded the explanation Raj Bhavan after he passed away is a with accounts of how women deep in very useful first step. Raj Bhavan Azerbaijan in 1985 were using the Library is to be congratulated for the tabarrah as a social protest against accessioning of this material, which godless communism. After he left for reflects the mind of a reader of Urdu the Hospital, he did not speak of such and Persian as well as English. One matters, though he would summon up hopes it will continue to encourage his last remaining strength to sign any more precise research than mine in files that I had to place before him. filling up this account. The end came mercifully soon.

As Governor, he had initiated the process of supportive friendliness NURUL HASAN between central authorities and Ashok Mitra policies in the state of West Bengal on a scale of which we were not aware since the days of cooperation between Nurul Hasan had missed his his predecessors of the time of Dr. century. B.C.Roy during the 1950s. It was this process that the State Government His natural habitat would be sought to stabilize during the decade the Mughal court, consisting of the after he passed away. Many of the nobility on one side and distinguished ideas of adjustment and toleration of artistes and scholars on the other. apparent opposites, as well as Once the favour-seekers were negotiations for accord that are the disposed of, the court became an in- hallmarks of coalition governance, house affair of the noble order and the have come up out of efforts of people galaxy of musicians, poets, like him since the 1980s. It would be chroniclers and suchlike; the emperor worth the while of contemporary was a somewhat distant listener-cum- historians as well as students of observer. Music would flow; perhaps academic institution building and of a bandish by a renowned vocalist or a educational reform in recent India, virtuoso performance on the sitar by and also of the social history of an equally towering luminary, mediaeval north India, to carry out interspersed with a poetry recital, or intensive research to find the private the reading of a chapter from an papers and make extracts from the obscure, but important, historical tract state documents prepared by recently unearthed at Samarkhand. What would follow might include one 14 or two Ruba'is by a minor poet in however for others to judge, Nurul attendance, or an ageing court wit Hasan could not care less. would read out a flowery piece of His ability to stay above the panegyric address to the emperor. day's din was in fact most vividly Nurul Hasan would naturally illustrated during the commotion be seated amongst the nobles. To offer created by his appointment as a both appreciation and critique to the minister despite his not being an on-going performances in the court elected member of Parliament, but was part of the obligation of being a only a nominated member of the member of the noble order. Nurul Rajya Sabha. That matter too was Hasan would fill in that role with not his concern, the person who finesse and grace. But then, he invited him to join the ministry, that himself had the stirring of creativity is, the prime minister, would deal with within. Evoking the respect of his it, he himself had other agenda to fellow nobles and to the amusement worry over as a functioning minister. of the emperor, would quote a shair, Even as Governor, he apt for the occasion or give his own practised the same genre of interpretation of the contents of the otherworldliness - which, in this document being discussed. He was instance, turned out to be a boon. The however the classical amateur; the tension caused by evolving Centre- scholar or creative artiste in him State relations was rising to a fever would goad him into contributing now pitch during his tenure. Evidence of and then, to the proceedings. He his dexterity in cultivating aloofness, would nonetheless remain detached, it did not affect him at all. He remote, beyond the reach of the remained the Centre's pet and yet was boisterous court jesters. After all, he not denied the confidence and was prince. affection of those who were in charge The nobility was Nurul of the State Government. That was Hasan's proud inheritance, it was also noblesse oblige all over, dispensing his tragedy. He was a scholar, who charity in all directions. was made a minister. As minister, he As befits a member of the had to be careful not to engage in nobility, he loved good food, good contemporary debates even if the music, good literature - and good issue concerned scholarly themes in gossip. There was always a twinkle in which he had substantial things to his eye whatever the situation. Yes, he contribute. Detachment came easily to was a noble, but you were welcome to him; was he not a noble? This self- confide your problems to him. He restraint conceivably did not serve one would not overly involve himself, but hundred per cent the interests of either would offer some sage suggestion, the academia or the nation. That was you were welcome to take it or leave 15 it. You could however be sanguine firebrandhe,but society's anomalies your confidence would not ever be and inconsistencies troubled him. His betrayed. discontent found expression in one or two thoughtful essays he published at Come to think of it, Nurul that time. The burden of nobility soon Hasan would have been a wonderful suppressed those radical urges. One President of the country. He would wonders if Nurul Hasan ever engaged take his early morning stroll in the in a demure debate with himself. If Mughal Gardens, have breakfast, circumstances were slightly retire to his study and dictate one or otherwise, would he have dared to two chapters of his forthcoming join the ranks of the certified radicals? memoirs, attend to the daily official Even when he was a minister, he had chores, cope with the standard flow of aired, in the privacy of his chamber visitors, proffer counsel to his out-of-the-ordinary ideas about ministers if such counsel were sought, restructuring the country's basic but would keep his distance if the education system and the pedagogy ministers kept theirs. In the evenings ruling higher education. But, when there were not formal dinners or discouraged by colleagues who were banquets, he would call in his practising politicians, he stopped short personal friends or preside over of straying into any wayward path. cultural soirees where not the glitterati, but only the cognoscenti, For the Cheshire cat, only the would get invited. Whether, in the smile lingered. Nurul Hasan's twinkle wash, all these activities would of the eye was similarly for ever. contribute in a major way to the After a good dinner at his place and as overall welfare of the State was a the choicest liqueurs were being thought which would not particularly served, had someone ventured to detained him. Once the visitors had enquire of him whether he had any dispersed and the night happened to left-over regrets, the only response, be still young, he would perhaps sit one can lay a wager, would be another down to write a long letter to a dear naughty twinkle of the eye. friend ensconced in Paris. Nurul

Hasan loved visiting France's capital not just because it housed the PROFESSOR NURUL HASAN UNESCO; the salons there were his Tapan Raychaudhuri cup of tea.

It is indeed tempting to indulge in some speculation. While The curriculum vitae of the he was still young - for instance, a late Professor Nurul Hasan reads like rookie university lecturer at Lucknow a roll of honour. Just consider some of - he had the reputation of a radical. No its highlights. In the public sphere, he 16 was Minister for Education, Social elected Vice President, UNESCO and Welfare and Culture, Government of led the Indian delegation to its India 1971-1977, Ambassador of conferences several times from 1971 India to USSR, 1983-86, Governor of onwards, member, Executive Bureau, West Bengal, 1986-89, and of Orissa, International Congress of Historical 1989- 90. He had held serially all the Sciences, 1985 onwards and on the jobs which were once Alivardi Advisory Committee of the United Khan's, he quipped. But he did not Nations University, Tokyo, 1982-83. have to deal with the Marathas and This grand list could go on otherwise was a much worthier and on and cover several pages of representative of the central power, I closely printed paper. But they leave told him. out much that was central to the man's The Mughal grandees were personality and achievement. We do seldom very educated. And surely, not learn from his vitae anything none of them had an Oxford degree. about how he groomed his research students, working day after day with Talking of education, the them in interpreting and analysing the highlights of his academic career were original source material in Persian, a no less impressive than his high language which was like mother profile in the public sphere. A brilliant tongue to him. Nor does it tell us how graduate of Allahabad University and he built up the research library at D.Phil from Oxford, he was Professor Aligarh, collecting all relevant source and Head of the Department of material in original or copy until it History at Aligarh University as well became the finest library of its kind as the Founder-Director of its Centre for work on mediaeval Indian history of Advanced Study in History, 1954- and culture. 71, General President of the Indian History Congress, 1973, President, The fact that the great National Institute of Educational historians of mediaeval India in the Planning and Administration, 1982- latter half of the last century, Irfan 83, Fellow of All Souls College, Habib and Athar Ali, to mention only 1968-69,recipient of the Jawaharlal the two most brilliant members of the Nehru Centenary Award for tribe, were his acolytes in the first outstanding contributions to stage of their research career is also dissemination of Scientific Temper not generally known. In view of his and Promotion Public Understanding contribution to the research of many of Science and Culture from the of his students, he would have been Indian Science Congress Association absolutely justified if he claimed co- authorship for the final product of the In the world of international endeavour. But his aristocratic academic and cultural effort, his roles indifference to academic recognition were equally glittering. He was 17 made such claims irrelevant to his hesitations about stirring a hornet's aspirations. He was a true devotee of nest. the goddess of learning in the spirit of He had a deep delight in the Gita, however absurd such things academic and was not ascriptions may sound in relation to a particularly concerned about totally secular person. converting that joy into a source of The term secularism is much advancement in his academic career. abused in India's contemporary His favourite bedside reading political discourse. It is a pejorative to included Abul Fazl's Ain-i-Akbari in some fanatics and covers policies and the original. I know of only one attitudes which reject special parallel to this sort of highly privileges for the majority community specialised taste in reading - Pandit and projects a nationalism which Sakalanarayan Sastri who happily encompasses all communities and read a chapter from Panini before cultures of our nation state. Nurul putting off the bedside lamp every Hasan was of course a celebrant of evening. I think that Abul Fazl had a that inclusive nationalism. But he was special meaning for Nurul Hasan. The also a secularist in the dictionary historian and courtier was a pioneer in sense of the term, a meaning which political secularism, in the sense in we have almost forgotten. That which the term is usually if meaning subsumes a rational-logical incorrectly understood in India to-day. comprehension and interpretation of He was the propounder after his father reality not dependent on theocentric of the doctrine of sulh-i kul, peace interpretations. A radical in his with all. What better representative of political opinion, Professor Hasan had that noble ideal than the protagonist of a deep faith in this particular this brief essay? interpretation of secularism. His brilliant Oxford thesis, written under He shared with Abul Fazl the supervision of Professor Gibb, the another noble proclivity - a love of doyen of British Arabicists in his food. But the mediaeval historian was days, was remarkable for its at least as much a gourmand as a penetrating analysis. It is a pity that it gourmet. He consumed a vast quantity was never published. The author's of food every day, estimated at about perfectionism was a factor, but fifteen kilograms. No, our protagonist probably not the only one behind this did not aim to match that high negative decision. The volume would achievement. As a bon viveur in the not have delighted the narrowly best sense of the term, in the tradition orthodox and as a person deeply of northern India's Muslim involved in politics from an early age, aristocracy, he loved good food and Nurul Hasan had understandable had an extensive knowledge of food lore. He told me that in his childhood 18 he knew of twenty-six varieties of that they are not treated with biriyani. He himself could cook six of condescension in society. He fought these. On one of my many visits to his the entreched prejudices of the Aligarh home I was privileged to taste bureaucracy to give the university and one of these grand dishes cooked by college teachers pay scales this great man. I do not hope to go to comparable to that of the heaven, but I am sure that if I did, administrative services. But this was nothing tastier would await me there. to be no free lunch. The teachers had A tragic health problem reduced his to show a record of research. I had daily intake of food to an incredibly objected to the idea saying that this small quantity of fish and cereal. But would lower the standards of research he still liked to entertain. Like Motilal in the country. "No," he replied," as of Nehru he took great pleasure in seeing now, few teachers read anything his guests eat his favourite dishes beyond the text books they regurgitate while he joined them at table with his in the class room. If they produce medically prescribed diet. even very bad research, that would involve some use of the brain and out Despite his strongly of that vast quantity of output, some democratic and radical beliefs, deep would rise to the surface inside him somewhere a very proud qualitatively." I am now convinced aristocrat was very much alive. His that he was right. aristocratic tendencies were typically expressed in an undiscriminating My protagonist for this brief courtesy to all and subdry very much note was a noble man in all senses of including the domestics and small the term. I remember with great children. Once having partaken of a pleasure the privilege of his wonderful meal at his home in friendship, the many hours spent Aligarh I dropped a brick by asking if together in different parts of the his cook had come from his father-in- world, eating beautiful food together law's establishment, the Rampur and talking of history, politics and, of nawab's in other words. "No, sir, the course, food. Such men are rare in any man was my mother's cook. " I society. It was my great good fortune promptly apologised. The good lady that I got to know someone like Nurul evidently could not bear the thought Hasan intimately. that her beloved son might starve for want of suitable diet : hence this happy arrangement. Nurul Hasan had a very clear agenda for the teaching profession. As a minister he was determined that its members should have a decent pay so 19 A TRIBUTE TO Chairman of the Board of Trustees - the Victoria Memorial, the Indian SRI NURUL HASAN Museum & the Asiatic Society. As A.K. Chatterjee Secretary, Higher Education I was also a member of the Board of

Trustees of Victoria Memorials. The Sri Nurul Hasan was a man Memorial had a rich collection of of vast learning and diversified paintings were becoming faded due to academic interests. poor maintenance. Sri Hasan took the initiative in contacting expert restorers As a historian of excellence I in U.K. and arranged to bring them found him specially interested in over to Calcutta. The restoration Soviet Economic History. Since I had work of quite a few paintings were taken a special paper on Economic done and a workshop was organised History in Part II of Economics Tripos to train local experts in such in Cambridge, he was very interested restoration work. There were many in discussing about complexities of rare paintings in the Burdwan the Soviet Path of development Maharaja's house also and those were specially as portrayed by Maurice also taken up for restoration. The Dobb in his book. Calcutta Ter- Centenary Fund was The Institute of Historical established in 1991 in London entirely Studies in Calcutta, an institute which due to the initiative of Sri Nurul was formed to write history of India Hasan to provide continuous support and Bengal from the secular angle to such restoration work. Though Sri was languishing. It was entirely due Nurul Hasan was an acknowledged to his interest and initiative that the historian of eminence, very few Government of India could be people know about his interest in persuaded to grant an organization the science. I remember when I called on status of institution of higher learning him after joining as Secretary to and extend higher scales to its Chancellor, he was reading the research scholars to motivate them. magazine "Nature". He asked me whether I read the magazine. It was The History Congress was an excellent magazine on science for held in Calcutta due to his layman and ever since that date I sponsorship in the early Nineties and always try to go through it. The eminent histories like Irfan Habib, library he built in Raj Bhavan Romila Thapar participated and all contained all outstanding books on attempts to distort history by science and not merely books on fundamental elements were decried. humanities. The State gained immensely due to his interest in three premier The convocation address institutions where he was the which he used to deliver in the 20 Universities was an event to look University had spread its second forward to. Though his printed campus in Salt Lake for computer addresses were distributed, he education and The Regional invariably used to speak extempore in Engineering College, Sibpur had his inimitable style where his attained autonomous status. utterances were punctuated with wit In University matters, Sri and humour. The main point which Nurul Hasan followed an absolutely he used to stress in all his convocation independent non -political path. For addresses was that for the country to the selection of University teachers he attain a higher level in learning, not made it mandatory that the only universal entire primary Chancellor's nominee must be a education but enrolment of all person of eminence in that field from students leaving primary school in outside the state. He also made it secondary schools is a must. mandatory that without his Simultaneously, maximum stress shall concurrence, no Vice-Chancellor be given to train teaches for higher should go abroad at the University's secondary schools. University expenses. At his request, the Chief graduation of India can compete with Minister who was looking after the the rest of the world only when the portfolio of Higher foundation is strong. At present only a handful of schools were mainly rich Education used to meet all the parents can afford to send their sons vice-chancellors once in three months and daughters can attain such global where mutual problems between the standards. He was very skeptical Government and Universities was about the utility of massive spending sorted out. One Vice-Chancellor who of literacy drive for adult section of had sat in a fast against the population since they will very son Government was called by him and lapse back into previous status. rebuked and he admitted that he was misled by his teacher's union. Sri Another important focus of Nurul Hasan left an indelible mark as Sri Nurul Hasan's convocation address a strong administrator in University used to be his admiration for science affairs. As Secretary Higher and technology shaping the Education, I received unstinted development of the nation. support from him in all my efforts to Fortunately, during his terms the old tone up the higher education field obstacles put in the state for within the resource constraint and free technological advance were it from various pressure groups. crumbling. The Regional Computer Centre in Jadavpur University where I was also a member of the governing body had embarked on an expansion for computer education, the Jadavpur 21 some of these writers who have addressed him as 'Nuru Bhayya', A REPORT ON 'Nurey Bhai', and in one case, by PROFESSOR NURUL HASAN'S Nawwab Hushiyar Jang Bahadur alias URDU, PERSIAN AND ARABIC Hush Bilgrami, as somewhat BOOKS IN THE LIBRARY OF RAJ patronizing 'Nuru Miyan'. BHAVAN, KOLKATA The national and international contacts apart, Professor Hasan drew on the important works Raziuddin Aquil coming out of the West Bengal Urdu Academy, particularly on the growth and development of Urdu in Bengal A foremost historian of his time, and biographies of Urdu poets from Professor Nurul Hasan not only the region. Mention may particularly transcended beyond the narrow be made here of Abdul Rauf's work confines of his specialization in on the eighteenth-century poet Mir medieval Indian history, but also Baqir Mukhlis Murshidabadi. At the commanded much respect for his same time, Professor Hasan's contacts wide-ranging interest in a host of regularly presented books brought out disciplinescutting-across conventional from such centers as Bhopal and boundaries in Humanities and Social Hyderabad. Sciences. This small portion of his collection of books in Urdu, Persian This respect and appreciation and Arabic further substantiates from the leading stalwarts of Urdu Professor Hasan's ability to keep circles must also be in recognition of himself abreast with the contemporary Professor Hasan's interest in historical scholarship, literary accomplishments literature in Urdu. This is reflected and political movements in the here in several works on key figures Muslim world. in the history of Urdu literature such as Mir Taqi Mir, Mirza Ghalib and Most of the books in this Muhammad Iqbal, spanning over two collection are in Urdu, majority of centuries. Of the several volumes on which are related to fiction, poetry Iqbal, two were presented by its and biography. Leading progressive author, Syed Muzaffar Husain Barani, intellectuals and writers like Sajjad himself a fellow Governor of Zahir and Ali Baqar sent their works Haryana. to Professor Hasan. They also supplied to him books by poets like Thus, even as this interest in Ahmad Faraz and Faiz Ahmad Faiz. Urdu literature is typical of the Several other poets and authors cultured, ashraf Muslims of his presented their works to him directly. background, Professor Hasan He had close personal relation with combined this with his own 22 professional interest as a historian. Further, the list has two This may be seen in his collection of copies of the Quran (one with Bengali Urdu writings on Amir Khusrau. transliteration and translation by Further, Khusrau's own Persian Maulana A.K.M. Fazlur Rahman works, including the well-known Munshi and another with an English Miftah-ul-Futuh, are to be found in translation by Maulvi Sher Ali), both the assortment. Another major figure, published from Calcutta. Besides, four Dara Shukoh's equally famous Persian substantial parts of the Quran may work related to Sufism, Sakinat-ul- also be found in a series of books, Auliya, is also there. Prof. Hasan had comprising the text in four languages: a long-term interest in Islamic Arabic, Persian, Urdu and English. mysticism, beginning with his The publication is aimed at self- doctoral level research in London, tutoring the Scripture. This interest in which he could sustain all along the Holy Book reveals that Professor despite charting fresh trajectories in Hasan was not a secularist in the many directions. The secularist in atheist mode. Alternatively, he may Professor Hasan appreciated the Sufis' have tried to study the text as a tolerant attitude towards non-Muslims historian of religion, even as he and their ability to adapt to the supplemented his reading with the requirements of the time. biographies of Prophet Muhammad, including Shibli Numani's celebrated Like Urdu, Persian literature early-twentieth-century work in Urdu, too was of special interest to Professor the Sirat-un-Nabi. Hasan. This field included three volumes of Firdausi's classic, Several other volumes show Shahnama, brought out by Munshi Professor Hasan closely followed Newal Kishore from Kanpur in 1893. political and intellectual developments This is a valuable and rare holding. in the Muslim world. They include Surprisingly, for some reasons, which works by Iranian Reza Shah Pahlavi, one can only conjecture, there are not Ali Shariati and Syed Hussain Nasr, many historical works in Indo-Persian text of a speech by King Fahad Bin in this collection. Professor Hasan Abdul Aziz (1982) and proceedings of might have depended upon local the All India Shi'a Conference (1957). repositories for medieval Indian A few other titles further confirm his historical literature when required. An connections with the Soviet Union, indication of this is provided by the while a couple of books on Jawaharlal photocopy of Abdul Hamid Lahuri's Nehru and Indira Gandhi point to his voluminous Mughal text, commitment to the Indian National Badshahnama, published by the Congress. Asiatic Society of Bengal in 1867. Professor Hasan combined the roles of a historian, public 23 intellectual, institution-builder, 2. Bondar īfisk ī politician, foreign-policy expert and Algharb Zid ul ‘ Ālam ul administrator with considerable Isl āmī / Translated by Ily ās finesse. Such personalities are rarely Sh āhīn. Moscow :D ār ul to be found in recent Muslim Taqdum, 1985. 415 p.; 21 cm. histories. To conclude on this last observation, a couplet found in one of the publications in the collection, This was presented to Mufti-i 'Azam ki Yaad Mein, may be Professor Nurul Hasan by the quoted below: author on 10 July 1985. Hazaron saal nargis Acc. No. 4665 apni be-nuri pe roti hai 3.Mehd ī Kh āls ī K āzm ī, Alh āj Shaikh Badi mushkil se hota hai Muhammad chaman mein didah-war paida! Alqv ā ‘id ul fiqiya. -- Khur āsān : [s.n] 1343 / 1965. 87 p.; 20 cm.

Brownish. PROFESSOR NURUL HASAN'S ARABIC, PERSIAN, TURKISH AND URDU BOOKS IN THE Acc. No. 4663 LIBRARY OF RAJ BHAVAN, KOLKATA — A LIST — 4. Muft ī Ziy ā ud D īn Kh ān Arabic Al Isl ām ul Muslim īn fi’l bil ād ul s ūfīyah. — T āskand : [s.n], Religion 1400 / 1980. 287 p.; 20.5 cm. 1. Al Qur’ ān ul Hak īm (The Holy

Qur’ ān) / Translated in English by M ūlav ī Sher ‘Al ī. Acc. No. 4733 4th ed. — Calcutta : Statesman 5. Qur’ ān Maj īd (Arabic with Bengali Commercial Press, 1977. transliteration) / Edited by 635, 37 p.; 17 cm. Muhammad R ūhul Am īn / Acc. No. 1552 Translated by Alh āj M ūlānā A.K.M. Fazl ul Rahman

Munshi. Calcutta : Islamia

24 Library, [no date] 1272 p.; 24 Acc. No. 4742 cm. 2. K ūshish h ā-i pez ūhish ī, āth ār wa Acc. No. 4757 intesh ārāt-i ‘ilm ī-i d ānisg āh-i Tehran. (Tehran University

Scientific Activities and list of Thesis Publication / Edited by Muhammad Rahm ānī. Tehran : 1. Ishtiy āque Ahmad Zilli Tehran University, 1972. Matan-i inteq ādī-i munsh āt-i 186 p.; 24 cm. namk īn (A Critical Edition of Munsh āt-i Namk īn) – under Acc. No. 4666 the supervision of Iqted ār 3. P āsd ārān-i zab ān wa adabiy āt-i ‘Alam Khan. – ‘Al īgarh : Fārs ī dar Hind / Edited by Department of History, Markaz-i tahq īq-i zab ān wa ‘Al īgarh Muslim University, adabiy āt-i F ārs ī dar Hind. 1977. 918 p.; 29 cm. Dehli : Kh ānah-i Farhang-i Wormholes. Jamh ūrī Isl āmi-i Iran (Iran Culture House, Islamic Thesis for Ph.D. in History Republic of Iran) 1406 / 1984. from Department of History, Vol. 1. 150 p.; 20.5 cm. ‘Al īgarh Muslim University, Part II, 1977. Acc. No. 4739 Acc. No. 4793 4. P āsd ārān-i zab ān wa adabiy āt-i Fārs ī dar Hind / Edited by

Markaz-i tahq īq-i zab ān wa Persian adabiy āt-i F ārs ī dar Hind. Dehli : Kh ānah-i Farhang-i General Works Jamh ūrī Isl āmi-i Iran (Iran Culture House, Islamic Republic of Iran) 1406 / 1984. 1. Badr ud D īn Ibr āhīm Vol. 2. 158 p.; 20.5 cm. Farhang-i zuf ān g ūyā wa jah ān Acc. No. 4740 pūyā. -- Moscow : D ānish, 1974. 111, 19 p.; 22 cm. Religion This was presented to 1. D ārā Shik ūh, Muhammad Professor Nurul Hasan by Mr. Sak īnat ul A ūliyā / Compiled Bāyifisk ī on 13 July 1978 by by Dr. Tara Chand and Sayyed whom the preface of the book Muhammad Raz ā Jalali is written.

25 Nābīnī. — Iran : ‘Ilm ī, [no Literature date]. 270 p.; 24 cm. 1. Abū’ l Q āsim L āhūtī Acc. No. 4718 Dīvān-i L āhūtī. — Moscow : 2. Hashmat ull āh D ūlatsh āhī Publication Department of Foreign Languages, 1946. Dīnāmism-i Āfr īnash. -- Tehran: Vahdat-i Nav īn, 1967. 463 p.; 20 cm. 644 p.; 24.5 cm. Loose binding. Acc. No. 4644 Acc. No. 4660

2. Am īr Khusr ū 3. Husain Nasar, Sayyed Mift āh ul fat ūh. — ‘Al īgarh : M ‘ ārif-i Isl āmi dar jah ān-i m Director of the Historical ‘āsir. — Tehran : [s.n], 1948. Research, 1954. 41 p.; 24.5 10, 299 p.; 24 cm. cm. . This was presented by the Acc. No. 4734 author to Professor Nurul 3. D īvān-i M ūbad. — [s.l] [s.n]. [no Hasan. date] 264 p. 24.5 x 15.7 cm. Acc. No. 4712 Loose binding.

‘ PROOF COPY ’ is stamped Social Sciences on every page of this printed book and on the cover page it 1.Herber Gerish is written that this book is Siy āsat-i ‘am ūmī-i iqtes ādī / written by the author of ‘ Translated by Sayyed Shar īf Dabist ān-i Maz āhib’ . Sharf. —Kabul : Franklin, Acc. No. 4755 1971. 308 p.; 21 cm. 4. D īvān-i M ūbad. — Patna : Khud ā Acc. No. 4709 Bukhsh Library, [no date]. 2. Rez ā Sh āh Pahlav ī, Muhammad 264 p.; 16 cm. Inqal āb-i saf īd. — Iran : B ānk- Loose binding and the last i Mill ī, 1345 / 1967. 205 p.; page of the book is detached. 23.5 cm. Facsimile of the manuscript. Loose binding. Acc. No. 4756 Acc. No. 4735

26 5. Fird ūsī, Ab ū’ l Q āsim v. 3. 240 p.; 23 cm. Muntakhab-i Sh āhn āma / Acc. No. 4661 Compiled by Muhammad ‘Al ī 10. Hay ātī G īlānī Fr ūgh ī and Hab īb Yaghm āyī. - -- Iran : [s.n]. 1321 / 1943. Zamimah-i Tughlaquenama-i Am īr Khusr ū / Compiled and 552 p.; 22 cm. edited by Sayyed Am īr Hasan Acc. No. 4758 ‘Ābid ī and Sayyed Maqb ūl Ahmad. Delhi : Indo-Persian 6. Fird ūsī, Ab ū’ l Qāsim Society, 1975. 22 cm. Sh āhn āma-i Fird ūsi. -- Kanpur Acc. No. 4729 : Munshi Naval Kishore, 1314 / 1893. v. 1. 332 p. 29.5 cm. 11. K āzim, Muhammad

Very brittle, wormholes, binding Yādg ār-i K āzim. — Lucknow : required. Qūmī, [no date]. 48 p.; 18 cm. Acc. No. 4790 Loose binding. 7. Fird ūsī, Ab ū’ l Qāsim Acc. No. 4731 Sh āhn āma-i Fird ūsi. -- Kanpur 12. M īrz ā Tars ūnz ādeh : Munshi Naval Kishore, 1314 / 1893. v. 2. 216 p. 29.5 cm. Gulch īn-i Ash ‘ ār / Compiled by Kam āl ‘Ain ī Val āyaq Sh īr Very brittle, wormholes, binding ‘Al ī. Moscow : Ad ārah-i required. Nashary āt, [no date] 471 p.; 17 Acc. No. 4791 cm. 8. Fird ūsī, Ab ū’ l Qāsim Acc. No. 4736 Sh āhn āma-i Fird ūsi. -- Kanpur 13. Mutafarriq āt-i Gh ālib / Compiled : Munshi Naval Kishore, 1314 by Sayyed Mas ‘ ūd Hasan / 1893. v. 4. 332 p. 30.5 cm. Rizv ī. Rampur : Hindustan Press, 1947. 185 p.; 18 cm. Very brittle, wormholes, binding required. Wormholes. Acc. No. 4792 Acc. No. 4747 9. Guz īdah āth ār-i Am īr Khusr ū 14. N āmeh h ā-yi dastnav īs-i ‘Abd ur Balkh ī: Intekh āb-i v āqi ā nig ārī Rahm ān J āmī az muraqq ‘a-i u az āthar-i mans ūr / ‘Alī Sh īr Nav āī / Compiled by Compiled by A.G. Rav ān ‘As ām ‘ud D īn Ar ūnb āyaf / Farh ādī.-- Kabul : Tāskand : Fun, 1982. 104, Baihaq ī,1353 / 1975. 27 160 p.; 22 cm.

Loose binding. 3. Shah Abb ās Mans ūrī, Sayyed Acc. No. 4753 Khud āmūz-i tarjum ān ul Qur’ ān. — Hyderabad : Naj’ ul 15. Sa’d ī Sh īrāzī, Muslih ud D īn Balagh ā Society, Part X. 1979. Būst ān / Compiled by 1943 - 2135 p.; 22 cm. Muhammad ‘Al ī Fr ūgh ī Zak ā Acc. No. 4691 ul Mulk. Tehran: J āvīdān, 1319 / 1941. 275 p.; 17 cm.

Loose binding. 4. Shah Abb ās Mans ūrī, Sayyed Acc. No. 4732 Khud āmūz-i tarjum ān ul Qur’ ān. — Hyderabad : Naj’ ul 16. Sab āh ud D īn ‘Abd ur Rahm ān, Balagh ā Society, Part XI. Sayyed 1980. 2134 - 2348 p.; 22 cm. Hind az d īdg āh-i Am īr Khusr ū Acc. No. 4692 Dehlav ī / Translated by History Professor Nurul Hasan Ansari. – Delhi : Anjuman-i Farsi, 1. ‘Abd ul Ham īd L āhūrī, Mull āh 1985. 72 p.; 21.5 cm. Bādsh āhn āmah / Edited by Acc. No. 4766 Mūlav ī Kab īr ud D īn Ahmad and ‘Abd ur Rah īm, under the Language superintendence of Major 1. Shah Abb ās Mans ūrī, Sayyed W.N.Lees. Calcutta : Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1867. vol- Khud āmūz-i tarjum ān ul Qur’ 1- A. 544, 46 p.; 20 cm. ān. — Hyderabad : Naj’ ul Balagh ā Society, Part VIII. Loose binding. 1978. 1527-1718 p.; 22 cm. Xerox copy. Acc. No. 4689 Acc. No. 4672

2. Shah Abb ās Mans ūrī, Sayyed 2. ‘Abd ul Ham īd L āhūrī, Mull āh Khud āmūz-i tarjum ān ul Qur’ Bādsh āhn āmah / Edited by ān. — Hyderabad : Naj’ ul Mūlav ī Kab īr ud D īn Ahmad Balaghā Society, Part IX. and ‘Abd ur Rah īm, under the 1978. 1719 – 1942 p.; 21cm. superintendence of Major Acc. No. 4690 W.N.Lees. Calcutta : Asiatic 28 Society of Bengal, 1867. vol- Jaunpur : [s.n.], 1933. 129 p.; 1- B. 359, 91 p.; 20 cm. 18 cm.

Loose binding. Acc. No. 4728

Xerox copy. Acc. No. 4671 Journals 1. Adab, vol. – No. 1 — Kabul : [s.n.], [no date] – v. : 24 cm. 3. ‘Abd ul Ham īd L āhūrī, Mull āh Edited by Qiy ām ud Din R ā ‘ ī. Bādsh āhn āmah / Edited by Library has : vol- XVIII. No. 1 Mūlav ī Kab īr ud D īn Ahmad and 2 1970. and ‘Abd ur Rahh īm, under the superintendence of Major Loose binding . W.N.Lees. Calcutta : Asiatic Acc. No. 4719 Society of Bengal, 1867. vol- 2. 759, 178 p.; 20 cm. 2. Biy āz, vol. 1 – No. 1 – . – Delhi : Delhi : Anjuman-i F ārs ī, [no Loose binding. date]. – v. : 21 cm. Xerox copy. Edited by Professor Sayyed Acc. No. 4670 Am īr Hasan ‘ Ābid ī. Library has : vol. 3. Jan – June. 1983. ; vol. 4. July – 4. H āshim Āsif, Muhammad December, 1984. vol. 5. 1985. Rustam ut taw ārīkh / Compiled Acc. No. 4686 by Muhammad Mush īrī. (Jan –June, 1983) Tehran : Siphar, 1348 / 1970. 548 p.; 20 cm. Acc. No. 4687 This was presented to (July – December 1984) Professor Nurul Hasan by Acc. No. 4688 (1985) Ra’ īs ‘us S ādāt on 1 September 1979. Acc. No. 4730 3. D ānish, vol. 1 – No. 1 – . – Islamabad : Cultural

Counsellor, Islamic Republic 5. Hashim, Sayyed Muhammad of Iran, Islamabad, [no date]. – v. : 25 cm. Edited by Sayyed Majm ū ‘ah-i t ārīkh m ‘ar ūf be ‘Ārif N ūsh āhī. tārīkh-i ā’īnā-i jam āl. —

29 Library has : Series-1. 3. Jawaharlal Nehru : Soviet Number-1. 1985 Dānishvar ūn k ī nazar mein. — Delhi : Navyug, 1975. 119 p.; 22 cm. Acc. No. 4667 Badly damaged.

Acc.No. 4697 4. Kit āb- h ā-yi M āh, vol. 1 – No. 1 – . – Tehran : Association of the editors, [no date]. V. : 23 cm. 4. Mukht ār Isl āhī Library has : Number 3. 1339 / Itteb’ ā a ūr unk ī Mas īhāī . — 1961. Bombay : N āzim ul Isl āhī, Acc. No. 4662 Yūnānī Tibb ī Research Institute, 1987. 312 p. : ill.; 23 Turkish ( Āzar ī) cm. Literature Acc. No. 4760

1. S āī lān Asarl ār 5. Muft ī-i ‘ Āzam k ī y ād / Compiled Mukhtam Qul ī. -- by Haf īz ur Rahm ān W āsif. — Turkminist ān : ‘Ilm, Delhi : [s.n.], 1386 /1967. ‘Ishqabād, 1983. 629 p.; 228 p.; 25 cm. 20.5 cm. This was presented to Acc. No. 4641 Professor Nurul Hasan by the Urdu author on 13 November 1977. General Works Acc.No. 4717 1. All India Shi’ ā conference : R ū’ dād. -- Lucknow : Sarfar āz Qūmī, 1957.[various pagings] ; 6. Y ūgindar Behl, Tishn ā 24 cm. Bh īm Sen Zafar Ad īb. — Brittle. Delhi : Gh ālib Welfare Acc. No. 4720 Society, 1986. 144 p.; 22 cm. 2. Bh ārat B ānī, The Spirit of India / Edited by Bishambar Nath This was presented to Pandey, New Delhi : Asia Professor Nurul Hasan by the Publishing House, 1974. 179 author on 6 April 1987. p.; 30 cm. Acc. No. 4748 Acc. No. 4673 30 Religion 5. J ām’a-i Abb āsī.-- 5 th ed / Delhi : Yūsuf ī, 1933. 356 p.; 23 cm. 1. Ahs ān ullah Kh ān Brittle. Mazhab a ūr science. — Delhi : Bait ul Hikma, 1981. 64 p.; 20 “ Belongs to H.E. Professor cm. Nurul Hasan ” is written on the cover of book. Acc. No. 4715 Acc. No. 4765

6. Shah āb ud D īn Nadv ī 2. ‘Al ī Shar ī ‘ati Isl ām a ūr ‘asar-i h āzir. — Shah ādat / Translated by Bangalore : Furq ānī Academy, Sayyed Ghul ām Hasnain 1973. 194 p.; 22.5 cm. Kr ārv ī. [s.l.] : Itteh ād-i Anjuman ha-ye Isl āmī-i This was presented to Dānishj ūyān-i Ir ānī-i Hind, Professor Nurul Hasan by the 1981. 144 p.; 21 cm. author on 7 December 1981. Acc. No. 4711 Acc. No. 4761

3. Azhar Gaur ī 7. Sh āh Misb āh ud Din Shak īl Tīsr ī Isl āmī ch ūtī conference Sīrat-i Ahmad-i Mujtab ā aūr ‘Alam-i Isl ām. — Delhi : (saw). -- Calcutta : Al Dār ul ‘Ilm, 1981. 144 p.; 21 Rahm ān, 1988. 390 p.; 22 cm. cm. Acc. No. 4716 This bears a note to the effect that this book is presented to

Hajj pilgrims by the publisher 4. Hak īm Sayyed Muhammad Kam āl free of cost. ud Din Husain Hamd ānī Acc. No. 4676 Sir āj-i Mun īr. — ‘Al īgarh : [s.n.], 1978. 114 p.; 17 cm. 8. Shibl ī N‘m ānī This was presented to Sīrat un Nab ī . — 16 th ed. Professor Nurul Hasan. Ā‘zamgarh : [s.n] 1984, Part 2. Acc. No. 4713 440 p.; 24 cm. Acc. No. 4664

31 9. Taqr īr-i Jal ālat ul Mulk Fahad Bin Documents and Resolution). ‘Abd ul ‘Az īz (Text of the — Delhi : Embassy of the message addressed to the Soviet Union, 1986. 391 p.; nation by His Majesty King 21 cm. Fahad Ibn ‘Abd ul ‘Az īz of Acc. No. 4708 Saudi Arabia during the glorious Ramadan Feast.) / Delhi : D ār ul ‘Ilm, 1402 4. Untitled (Book on Islamic /1982. 22 p.; 21 cm. Revolution of Iran). — New Acc.No. 4714 Delhi : Iran Culture House, [no date]. 70 p.; 21.5 cm. Social Sciences Few pages at the beginning and end 1. R ūdi ūnūf .N are missing. Soviet - Hind Mushtarkah Acc. No. 4669 commission. — Delhi : Embassy of the Soviet Union, Language [no date]. 63 p.; 21 cm. 1. ‘Abd ur Ra ūf Acc. No. 4710 Magrab ī Bang āl mien Urdu k ā Las āniy ātī irteq ā. — Calcutta : West Bengal Urdu Academy, 2. Sabt Hasan 1997. 180 p.; 22 cm. Navaid-i Fikr. — Karachi : Acc. No. 4749 Malick N ūrānī, Maktabah-i Dānīyāl, 1984. 304 p.; 22 cm. 2. Am īn, Muhammad This was presented to Mukhtasar Bangl ā – Urd ū Professor Nurul Hasan by dictionary. — Calcutta : West Janab Z ākir Sarwar in June Bengal Urdu Academy, 1989. 1985. Janab Sarwar addresses 216 p.; 21 cm. Professor Nurul Hasan “ Nooray Bh ai ”. Acc. No. 4723 Acc. No. 4643 3. Haf īz ur Rahm ān W āsif ī 3. Soviet Union k ī Communist Party Urdu Masdarnamah. — Delhi : kī sat āisv īen Congress: [s.n.], [19..]. 424 p.; 26 cm. Dast āvīz a ūr Qar ārd ādein Loose binding. (27 th CPSU Congress : Printed 32 This was presented to 3. ‘Abd ur Ra ūf Professor Nurul Hasan by the Mīr B āqir Mukhlis author on 17 October 1977. Murshid ābādī. — Calcutta : Acc. No. 4782 West Bengal Undu Academy, 1982. 317 p.; 22 cm. 4. Rash īd Hasan Kh ān Loose binding. Zab ān a ūr qav ā ‘id. — Delhi : Taraqq ī Urd ū Board, 1976. Acc. No. 4685 502 p.; 21 cm.

Brittle and loose binding . 4. ‘ Ābid Raz ā Bed ār Acc. No. 4727 Untitled / [s.l.] : [s.n.], [no 5. Urdu Las āniy āt. — 2 nd ed. / date] 102 p.; 17 cm. Compiled by Dr. Fazl ‘ul Binding and a few pages are missing. Haque. Delhi : Department of Urdu, Delhi University, 1981. Acc. No. 4722 392 p.; 21.5 cm.

This was presented to 5. Ahmad Fr āz Professor Nurul Hasan by the compiler on 25 May 1982. Nā Y āft. — Ravalpindi : Y ūsuf Publisher, [no date]. 158 p.; 22 Acc. No. 4675 cm. Literature This was presented to 1. ‘Ab ādat Braylav ī Professor Nurul Hasan by Zakiya Sarwar from Kar āch ī Jashn-i Iqb āl. — Lahore : on 13 November 1981 and University Oriental College, addresses Professor Nurul 1977. 72 p.; 24 cm. Hasan as “ Nooray Bh ai ”. Wormholes. Acc. No. 4684 Acc. No. 4642

2. ‘Abd ul Mann ān 6. Ahmad Fr āz Bang āl mein Urdu tazkira Sab āwāzein mer ī hain. — nig ārī. — Calcutta : West Lahore : Sufi Akram, 1987. Bengal Urdu Academy, 1988. 164 p.; 22 cm. 122 p.; 21 cm. Acc. No. 4783

33 This was presented to Nurul Hasan as “ N ūrū Professor Nurul Hasan by Bhayy ā ”. Zakiya Sarwar. Acc. No. 4775 Acc. No. 4724

10. ‘Al ī B āqir 7. ‘Abd ul Haque Khush ī ke m ūsam. — New Tanq īd-i Iqb āl a ūr d ūsrey Delhi : Seema Publication, maz āmīn.--Delhi : Department 1978. 237 p.; 18.5 cm. of Urdu, Delhi University, This was presented to 1976. 160 p.; 22 cm. Professor Nurul Hasan by the This was presented to author in November 1978. The Professor Nurul Hasan by the author addresses Professor author on 25 September Nurul Hasan as “ N ūrū 1980. Bhayy ā ”. Acc. No. 4645 Acc. No. 4654

8. Āl-i Ahmad Sar ūr 11. ‘Al ī B āqir Iqb āl : Nazarya-i Sh‘ar a ūr Sh ā Shab-i Dard.-- Lucknow : ‘Al ī ‘ir ī. — Delhi : Department of Bāqir, 1987. 104 p.; 22.5 cm. Urdu, Delhi University, [no This was presented to date]. 96 p.; 21.5 cm. Professor Nurul Hasan by the This was presented to author on 25 February Professor Nurul Hasan by 1988. Fazl ul Haque. Acc. No. 4764 Acc. No. 4649

9. ‘Al ī B āqir 12. Am īr Khusr ū Dehlav ī : Jh ūtey v ādey sacchey v ādey. -- Ahv āl-u āth ār / Compiled by New Delhi : Seema Dr. Nurul Hasan. -- Delhi : Publication, 1984. 232 p.; 18.5 Kūh-i N ūr, 1975. 378 p.; 22.5 cm. cm. This was presented to Acc. No. 4768 Professor Nurul Hasan by the author on 17 June 1984. The author addresses Professor

34 13. Asf āque Husain 17. Bangal mein Urdu Sha‘r ī : Sukhan-i Showra / Edited by Iqb āl a ūr Ins ān.-- Andhra ‘Alqama Shibl ī. Calcutta : Pradesh Sahitya Academy, West Bengal Urdu Academy, 1974. 8, 208 p.; 22.5 cm. 1985. 264 p.; 22 cm. Acc. No. 4647 Acc. No. 4738

18. Burh ān Husain, Muhammad 14. Asf āque Husain Chund kaly ān Nish āt k ī.-- Iqb āl a ūr Ins ān. — Andhra Hyderabad : Zind ā Dil ān, Pradesh Sahitya Academy, 1981. 100 p.; 19 cm. 1974. 8, 208 p.; 22.5 cm. This was presented to Acc. No. 4648 Professor Nurul Hasan by the author.

Acc. No. 4774 15. Athar Husain, Sayyed

Kal ām-i Athar. — Lucknow : Sayyed Athar Husain, 1981. 19. B ūris Pol īvāye 320 p.; 18.5 cm. Chir āgh jalt ā rah ā. -- 3 rd ed. / This was presented to Translated by Anwar Az īm. — Professor Nurul Hasan by the Moscow : D ār ul Ash ā ‘at author on 2 May 1981. Traqq ī, 1982. 452 p.; 20 cm. Acc. No. 4779 Acc. No. 4707

16. ‘Az īz Hasan, Muhammad 20. Dīvān-i Z ūque Tasavvur āt-i Gh ālib. — New (Poetic Collection of Z ūque). - Delhi : Gh ālib Academy, 1987. -Lāhore : Azad Book Depot, 212 p.; 22 cm. [no date]. 356 p.; 23 cm. This was presented to Very brittle, wormholes, first Professor Nurul Hasan by six pages and cover are Janab Naqv ī of Gh ālib missing, binding required. Academy on 22 October 1988. Acc. No. 4789 Acc. No. 4754

35 21. D īvānj ī (Poetic collection of Zar īf University, 1961. 246 p.; Lucknawi) / Compiled by Saf ī 24cm. Lucknawi. -- Lucknow : Mirza This was presented to Samar, 1949. 503 p.; 22 cm. Professor Nurul Hasan on 28 Very brittle. September 1976. This was presented to Acc. No. 4737 Professor Nurul Hasan by

Janab Jaffri on 7 December 1975. 25. Hāmid Sa ‘ īd Kh ān Acc. No. 4771 Kal ām-i H āmid. -- Bhopal : Madhyapradesh Urdu 22. Faiz Ahmad Faiz Academy, 1981. 112 p.; 22 Mat ā ‘-i l ūh u qalam. — 5 th cm. ed. / Compiled by Mirza Zafar This was presented to ‘ul Hasan. Karachi : Maktaba-i Professor Nurul Hasan by Dāniy āl, 1987. 360 p.; 21.5 Janab Fazl T ābish, Secretary, cm. Madhya Pradesh Urdu This was presented to Academy, Bhopal on 8 Professor Nurul Hasan by May 1981. Zakiya Sarwar with the Acc. No. 4680 inscriber addressing Professor Nurul Hasan as “ Nooray Bhai 26. Hindust ānī K ī P ānchv ī Kit āb. — ” 2nd ed. Hyderabad : Ā‘zam Steam Press, [no date]. 52 p.; Acc. No. 4788 18.5 cm.

Wormholes. 23. Fazl ul Haque Acc. No. 4656 Div ān-i Sh ākirn ājī.-- Delhi :

Id āra-i Subh-i Adab, 1968. 27. H ārūn Kh ān 334 p.; 18 cm. Daccan ī Culture. — Delhi : Acc. No. 4778 Department of Urdu, Delhi University, 1971. 59 p.; 21. 5cm. 24. Fazl ‘Al ī Fazl ī This was presented to Karbal kath ā. --Delhi : Professor Nurul Hasan by the Department of Urdu, Delhi author on 25 May 1972 36 when he was Education Loose binding. Minister, Government of India. Acc. No. 4682 Acc. No. 4762

31. J ān Nith ār Akhtar 28. H ūsh Bilgr āmī Kh āmūsh Āwāz. -- Bhopal : Tūfān-i Muhabbat. -- M.P. Urdu Academy, 1981. Hyderbad : [s.n], 1365 /1946. 400 p.; 22 cm. 297 p.; 22.5 cm. This was presented Professor Wormholes and loose binding. Nurul Hasan on 8 May 1981 by Janab Fazl T ābish, This was presented to Secretary, M.P. Urdu Professor Nurul Hasan by the Academy. author on 2 December 1950. The author addressed Acc. No. 4785 Professor Nurul Hasan and his

wife as “ N ūrū Miy ān and Duran B ībī ” 32. Kal ām Haidar ī Acc. No. 4679 Al īf L ām M īm. -- Gaya : Culture Academy, 1979.

176 p.; 23 cm. 29. Iqb āl : Ā ‘ina kh āney mein / Compiled by Āfāque Ahmad. - This was presented to - Bhopal : Madhya Pradesh Professor Nurul Hasan by the Urdu Academy, 1979. 178, author on 23 May 1981. 9 p.; 23 cm. Acc. No. 4759 This was presented to 33. Kal īm Urf ī, Professor Nurul Hasan on 8 Raziya Sult āna. -- 4 th ed. May 1981 by Janab Fazl Allahabad : Maktaba-i J āwaid, Tābish, Secretary, M.P. Urdu 1983. 271 p.; 18 cm. Academy. Acc. No. 4653 Acc. No. 4776

34. K āmil Quraish ī 30. Ja ‘far ‘Al ī Kh ān, Naw āb Mirz ā Āsr ār-i Bekh ūd. -- New Delhi : Ur ūs-i Fitrat. -- Delhi : Nir ālī Māh-i K āmil, 1980. 175 p.; 21 Duny ā B āzār, Sitaram, 1962. cm. 152 p.; 19.5 cm. 37 Acc. No. 4741 Musht āque Husain. -- ‘Al īgarh : Friends Book

House, 1960. Part 1 & 2 in 1v. 35. Kanwal Siy ālk ūti 404 p.; 18 cm. Chund y ādein. -- Delhi : Loose binding. Dipak, 1978. 192 p.; 22 cm. Acc. No. 4652 This was presented to

Professor Nurul Hasan by the author on 6 April 1987. 39. Mat ā ‘-i Sukhan / Compiled by Dr. ‘Abd ul Haque. — Delhi : Acc. No. 4746 Educational Publishing House, 1978. 432 p.; 22 cm. 36. Khusr ū Shan āsī / Compiled by Z. Loose binding. Ans ārī. — New Delhi : This was presented to National Book Trust, G.I., Professor Nurul Hasan by the 1975. 360 p. : ill.; 21 cm. author. Loose binding. Acc. No. 4769 This was presented to

Professor Nurul Hasan by Janab ‘Abd ul ‘Al īm on 28 40. Mujtab ā Husain October 1975 by whom the Qiss ā-i Mukhtasar. -- preface of the book is written. Hyderabad : Hass āmī Book Acc. No. 4770 Depot, 1984. 145 p.; 19 cm. This was presented to Professor Nurul Hasan by the 37. Kulliy āt-i Makhm ūr / Compiled author on 22 August 1986. by Badar Makhm ūr. -- Delhi : Badar Makhm ūr, 1987. 234 p. Acc. No. 4780 : ill.; 22 cm.

This was presented to 41. Muntakhab āt-i Nazam-i Urdu. -- Professor Nurul Hasan by the 2nd ed. / Edited by compiler on 30 August 1987. Muhammad ‘Az īz. –‘Al īgarh : Acc. No. 4772 Educational Book House, 1947. 116 p.; 18.5 cm.

Loose binding. 38. Mak ātīb-i Sir Sayyed Ahmad Kh ān / Compiled by Acc. No. 4696 38 42. Musht āque Naqv ī 45. Muzaffar Husain Burn ī, Sayyed Muj āhid-i Āzādī: M īr W ājid Muhibb-i Vatan: Iqb āl. -- ‘Al ī. — Lucknow : Niz āmī, Chandigarh : Haryana Sahitya 1985. 155 p.; 21 cm. Academy, 1985. 168 p.; 22 cm. This was presented to “ Dr. Nurul Hasan ” by the author Acc. No. 4639 on 27 September 1986. 46. Nab ī H ādī Acc. No. 4705 Mughalon ke Malakushsho’ra. -- Allahabad : Shabist ānī, 1978. 352 p.; 22.5 cm. 43. Mumt āz Husain Acc. No. 4781 Am īr Khusr ū Dehlav ī : Hay āt aūr Sh ā‘r ī. — New Delhi : Maktaba-i Jami ‘ah, 1982. 478 47. Nasar Ghaz ālī p.; 21.5 cm. Bang ālī Sh ‘ur ā’. -- Calcutta : Loose binding and few pages West Bengal Urdu Academy, from end are missing. 1986. 18 p.; 22 cm. This was presented to Acc. No. 4677 Professor Nurul Hasan by the author on 10 January 1986. Acc. No. 4668 48. Na ‘y īm ud D īn Hindust ān mein F ārs ī adab.-- Delhi : Dr. Na ‘y īm ud D īn, 44. Muzaffar Husain Burn ī, Sayyed 1985. 200 p.; 22.5 cm. Iqb āl a ūr q ūmī yakjaht ī. -- This was presented to Chandigarh : Haryana Sahitya Professor Nurul Hasan by Academy, 1984. 62 p.; 22.5 Sayyed Am īr Hasan ‘ Ābid ī, the cm. learned scholar of Persian on This was written when the 21 August 1985. author was the Governor of Acc. No. 4773 Haryana. 49. Nazar-i ‘ Ābid / Compiled by Acc. No. 4646 Mālik R ām. -- New Delhi : Majlis-i Nazar-i ‘ Ābid, 1974. 383 p.; 22 cm.

Acc. No. 4674

39 50. Raf īque Husain, Sayyed National Book Trust, G.I., 1975. 88 p.; 16 cm. Afs ānv ī us ūl a ūr Fas āna-i ‘Aj ā’ib. -- Allahabad : R āi Loose binding. Sahab L ālā R ām Diy āl Acc. No. 4655 Agarv ālā, 1975. 499 p.; 18.5 cm. This was presented to 54. Raziya Sajj ād Zah īr Professor Nurul Hasan by the Zard Gul āb. -- New Delhi : author on 6 December 1980. Sīma, 1981. 246 p.; 18.5 cm.

Acc. No. 4704 Acc. No. 4650

51. R āi Ānand R ām Mukherjee 55. S ‘ ādat Naz īr Muraqqa-i Mukhlis / Compiled by Dr. ‘Ab ādat Brailv ī. — Sh ‘ar u Sh ā ‘ir.-- Hyderabad : Lahore : University Oriental Hyderabad Urdu Academy, College, 1975. 146 p.; 24 cm. 1974. 169 p.; 18 cm. Acc. No. 4726 Brittle. 56. S ābir Hasan S ābir Acc. No. 4750 Tilism-i And īsha. -- New 52. Rash īd Jah ān Delhi : National Publishers, Voh, a ūr d ūsrey afsaney, [no date] 144 p.; 22 cm. dr āmey. -- New Delhi : Rash īd Acc. No. 4678 Jah ān Y ādg ār Committee, 1976. 303 p.; 22.5 cm.

Loose binding. 57. S ābir Kam āl The preface in this book is Yādūn k ī b ārāt. — Hyderabad written by Professor Nurul : ‘Im ād Press, 1976. 248 p. : Hasan when he was the ill.; 20 cm. Education Minister, This was presented by the Government of India. author to Professor Nurul Acc. No. 4752 Hasan when he was the Education Minister, 53. Raziya Sajj ād Zah īr Government of India. Sult ān Zainul ‘Abed īn Acc. No. 4725 “Budsh āh”. -- New Delhi :

40 58. Sa ‘ īdah Guzdar Bengal Urdu Academy, 1990. 256 p.; 22 cm. Āg Gulist ān na ban ī. — Karachi : Pakistani Adab, Acc. No. 4519 1980. 208 p.; 19 cm.

This was presented to 62. Sharf Rash īdūf Professor Nurul Hasan by the author on 13 November Patthar Patthar Ph ūl khiley / 1981. The author addresses Translated by Muhammad Professor Nurul Hasan as “ Naz īr. T āskant : D ār ‘ul Ash ā Nūrey Bh āi ”. ‘at Traqq ī, 1976. 519 p.; 21 cm. Acc. No. 4787 Acc. No. 4706

59. Sajj ād Zah īr 63. Sh ārib Rad ūlv ī Pighl ā N īlam. — Delhi : K ūh-i Nūr, 1964. 143 p.; 18.5 cm. Ifk ār-i S ūdā. -- Lucknow : Nusrat, 1972. 285 p.; 18 cm. This was presented to Professor Nurul Hasan by the This was presented to author on 8 May 1966. The Professor Nurul Hasan by the author addresses Profesoor author when Professor Nurul Nurul Hasan as “ N ūrey Hasan was the Education Bh āi ” Minster, Government of India and author’s teacher. Acc. No. 4786 Acc. No. 4751 60. Sal īm Dard W ārs ī, Muhammad

Mat ā- ‘i Dard. -- Bombay : Bhave, 1990. 207 p.; 22 cm. 64. Shibl ī N ‘um ānī This was presented to Muw āznah-i An īs wa Dab īr. -- Professor Nurul Hasan by the Delhi : Maktabah-i Jami ‘ah author on 30 October 1990. Limited, 1982, 304 p.; 17.5 cm. Acc. No. 4745 Wormholes.

Acc. No. 4683 61.Shanti Ranjan Bhattacharya 65. Shri Niv ās Rābindr ānāth Thakur : Hay āt aūr khidm āt. -- Calcutta : West Chek v īr Rajindar / Shri Niv ās (M āst ī Venkatesh Āyeng ār); 41 translated by R āshid Sahasv āī . Silk-i Murv ārīd. -- [s.l.] : -- New Delhi : National Book [s.n.], [no date]. 176.p.; 18 cm. Trust, G.I., 1974. 400 p.; 20 Loose binding. cm. A reproduction of Smt. Indira Wormholes. Gandhi’s letter dated May 20, Acc. No. 4659 1965 is placed on the first page of the book.

Acc. No. 4721 66. Shu ‘ īb ‘ Āzm ī

Fārs ī adab be ‘ahd-i sal ātīn-i Tughlaque. — Delhi : 70. Zab īh ull āh Saf ā N‘um ānī Press, 1985. 334 p.; Fārs ī nathar k ī t ārīkh / 21.5 cm. Translated by Dr. Shar īf Loose binding. Husain Q āsim ī. Delhi : Indo-- Persian Society, 1981. 240 p.; This was presented to 22 cm. Professor Nurul Hasan by Professor Sayyed Am īr Hasan This was presented to ‘Ābid ī, the learned scholar of Professor Nurul Hasan by the Persian on 21 August 1985. translator on 18 August 1981. Acc. No. 4681 Acc. No. 4777

67. Sh āh Sulem ān, Sir 71. Ziy ā ud D īn Ans ārī Intekh āb-i Mathnavy āt-i M īr. - Tiftah a ūr Gh ālib. — New - Bad āyūn : Niz āmī Press, Delhi : Gh ālib Academy, 1984. 1930. 132 p.; 24 cm. 230 p.; 22 cm.

Wormholes and loose binding. This was presented to Professor Nurul Hasan by the Acc. No. 4744 Gh ālib Academy on 22 October 1988. 68. Urd ū afs āney / Compiled by Acc. No. 4763 Raziya Sajj ād Zah īr. New

Delhi : National Book Trust, G.I., 1974. 248 p.; 20.5 cm. History Acc. No. 4651 1. Hindust ān ke Musalm ān hukmar ānūn ke ‘ahad ke 69. Vidiyasagar Qamar, J.C. 42 tamaddun ī jalvey / Compiled Bio-monthly. Edited by by Sayyed Sabah ud D īn ‘Abd Muhammad Y ūnus Nigr āmī. ‘ur Rahm ān. ‘ Āzamgarh : Library has : vol. 9. No. 5 and Mu ārif, 1980. 623 p.; 25 cm. 6 March-June 1990. Loose binding. Acc. No. 4657 This was presented to 2. Fikr wa Nazar, vol. 1 – No. 1 – . -- Professor Nurul Hasan by the ‘Al īgarh : ‘Al īgarh Muslim compiler on 22 August 1983. University, [no date] – v. ; 24 cm. Quarterly. Edited by Dr. Acc. No. 4784 Yūsuf Husain Kh ān.

Library has : April, July, 2. T ārīkh-i Sindh / Compiled by October, 1962. Ghul ām Ras ūl Mehir. Loose binding . Hyderabad : [s.n.], 1958. v. 6. 572, 15, 16 p.; 22 cm. Acc.No. 4693 (April, 1962)

Loose binding . Acc. No. 4694 (July, 1962) Acc. No. 4767 Acc. No. 4695 (Oct. 1962)

Travels 3.Mush ā‘rah : Num ā’sh-i ‘Aligarh 1963. (‘Aligarh Exhibition 1. Mujtab ā Husain 1963) vol. 1 – No. 1 – . -- Jāpān chal ū J āpān chal ū. — ‘Al īgarh : . -- ‘Aligarh : Hyderabad : Husain Book ‘Aligarh Muslim University Depot, 1983. 170 p.; 19 cm. Press, 1963 – v. ; 24 cm. This was presented to Compiled by Sayyed Professor Nurul Hasan by the Muhammad Shif ā ‘t Naqv ī. author on 16 October 1983. Library has : 1963. Acc. No. 4658 Brownish and loose binding .

Acc. No. 4743 Journals

1. Ac ādm ī, vol. 1- No.1-- . -- 4. Siy āsat, vol. 1 – No. 1 – . -- Lucknow : Uttar Pradesh Urdu Hyderabad : [no date]. 1940. – Academy, [no date] — v. ; 22 v. ; 24 cm. Edited by Y ūsuf cm. Husain Kh ān.n – Oct. 1940.

43 Library has : Jan. 1940. Jan- Victoria Memorial Oct. 1940. April, 1941. Oct. Kolkata. 1941. Oct. 1941 and Oct. 1942.

Brittle, few pages of References: Acc. No. 4700 are missing. 1. Hashemi, Abdul Quddus, Taqwim i Tarikhi, Idarah- Acc. No. 4698 (Jan. 1940) i-Tahqiqat-i Islami, Acc. No. 4699 Islamabad , 1987. (Jan-Oct. 1940) 2. Kamshad, H. History of Persian Prose Literature, Acc.No. 4700 (April, 1941) Cambridge University Acc. No. 4701 (Oct, 1941) Press, 1966. Acc. No. 4702 (Oct, 1941) 3. Nabi Hadi. Dictionary of Indo-Persian Literature, Acc. No. 4703 (Oct, 1942) IGNCA, New Delhi 1995. —— 4. Steingass, F. A Comprehensive Persian- English Dictionary,

Routledge & Kegan Paul, Arabic, Persian, Turkish and Urdu Great Britain 1977. books listed and annotated by :

1. Shri Amalendu Ray

Library Consultant

Victoria Memorial

Kolkata.

2. Shri Gholam Nabi

HeadDocumentation Unit

Victoria Memorial

Kolkata.

3. Shri Mahmood Alam

Technical Assistant Documentation Unit 44