Ski Lift on Jahorina, Built by the Members Part in Cross-Country Skiing

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Ski Lift on Jahorina, Built by the Members Part in Cross-Country Skiing Bosnia and Herzegovina Winter Tourism Bosnia and Herzegovina Winter Tourism Bosnia and Herzegovina Winter Tourism CONTENT General Information About Bosnia and Herzegovina 4 Foreign Trade Chamber of Bosnia and Herzegovina 5 Winter Tourism in B&H 6 History of Skiing in B&H 8 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo 10 Vučko – Olympic Mascot 11 European Youth Olympic Winter Festival 2019 12 Trebević 36 Trebević Bobsled 38 Trebević Cable Car 40 New Year’s Celebration in B&H 42 2 SKI CENTERS Jahorina 14 Bjelašnica and Igman 16 Vlašić 18 Ravna planina 20 Rostovo 22 Kozara 24 Stožer Vrana 26 Adria Ski 28 Blidinje 30 Karaula 32 Ponijeri 34 General Information About Bosnia and Herzegovina Official name: Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) Flag: Bosnia and Herzegovina is located at the western part of the Geographic location: Balkan peninsula. Republic Serbia (north-east), Republic Montenegro(south-east), Surrounding countries: Republic Croatia (north, west and south) BH is administratively divided into two entities: Federation of Administrative division: Bosna and Herzegovina (FBiH) and Republic of Srpska (RS), and Brcko District. FBiH is divided into 10 cantons. Cantons are divided into municipalities. FBiH has 79 municipalities. Entity structure: Republic of Srpska is divided into 62 municipalities. City of Brcko is a separate administrative unit - District. Bosnia and Herzegovina covers a total of 51 209,2 km2. Area: From that land is 51 197 km2 and sea covers 12,2 km2. Climate: Mostly continental, Mediterranean at the south. Population: 3.531.159 - Census (30 September 2013) Population structure: Bosniaks, Croats, Serbs and others Capital: Sarajevo Official languages: Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian with two alphabets (Latin and Cyrillic) Official currency: Convertible Mark (KM) (1 KM = 0.511292 Euro) 4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Winter Tourism Foreign Trade Chamber of Bosnia and Herzegovina 1909 - The establishment of the Chamber of Commerce were established by Law The Chamber was established by the Law on Chambers of Commerce with the on Establishment and Organization of the Chamber of Commerce of B&H being a Chamber of Commerce and Crafts of Bosnia legal successor of the Republic Chamber of and Herzegovina (TOK) in Sarajevo. Commerce. 1932 - Established by Regulation on 2018 - Chamber today Chambers of Trade and Industry Foreign Trade Chamber of Bosnia and Herzegovina is a modern, professional In 1932, Chamber of Trade and Industry and Chamber of Crafts in Sarajevo and Banja institution that advocates and promotes Luka were established by the Regulation on economic interests in the country and Chambers of Trade and Industry. abroad and is also a member of numerous international associations (Eurochambers, 1952 - Trade Chamber of Bosnia and International Chamber of Commerce-ICC, Herzegovina and Chamber of Catering ABC, FIATA, IRU, SECI). The Chamber Industry of Bosnia and Herzegovina represents reliable source of information, In 1952, Trade Chamber of Bosnia and where a large number of services are Herzegovina and Chamber of Catering provided in one place, for both domestic Industry of Bosnia and Herzegovina and foreign partners (business and market were established. In March 1954, the information, information on regulations Assembly of Peoples Republic of Bosnia and laws, advisory services, promotional and Herzegovina (PRBH) established the activities, databases, etc.) Chamber of Agriculture, which was followed by the establishment of the Chamber of 2018 - Foreign Trade Chamber of B&H Agriculture and Forestry. Istanbul Representative Office In April 2018, Foreign Trade Chamber 1962 - Republic Chamber of Commerce of of B&H Representative Office was Bosnia and Herzegovina established in Istanbul. The mission of the In May 1962, Republic Chamber of Representative Office is to, through direct Commerce of Bosnia and Herzegovina contacts, as well as by organizing meetings, was established by the act of merging presentations, round tables etc., promote of five following chambers: Chamber of the potential of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Commerce of B&H, Chamber of Catering the best possible way and to attract more Industry of BaH, Chamber of Agriculture investors from the Republic of Turkey. and Forestry of B&H, Chamber of Mining, Industry, Construction and Traffic of BaH, and Cooperative Association of B&H. 1972 - Chamber of Commerce of Bosnia and Herzegovina Chamber of Commerce of Bosnia and Herzegovina and seven basic Chambers Bosnia and Herzegovina Winter Tourism 5 Winter Tourism in B&H Bosnia and Herzegovina is a very interesting trails for alpine and Nordic skiing, ski jumps, tourist destination, which is the result of as well as hotel facilities and the necessary geographical location, exceptional natural communal and transport infrastructure. The beauty, cultural and historical values and war after the disintegration of Yugoslavia in favorable climatic conditions. Naturalistic the first half of the 1990s completely halted landscapes, wild mountain rivers and green tourism development, and all pre-war hotel gorges are just some of what makes this part facilities with associated infrastructure were of the Balkans extremely beautiful. Although destroyed. In the last fifteen years, part of it is nice to visit Bosnia and Herzegovina the hotel capacity has been renovated and throughout the year, a special period during tourism has been strengthened. The recent which certain beauties of this area come to tourist development is marked by a diverse life is the winter one. Due to its relief and the tourist offer that enables the practice of fact that it is a predominantly mountainous numerous forms of tourism in different country, Bosnia and Herzegovina abounds in seasons with the dominance of the winter mountains and winter resorts. tourist season and mass skiing tourism. Sarajevo and its Olympic mountains also Winter tourism in Bosnia and Herzegovina hosted the European Youth Olympic Festival appeared and developed significantly during 2019, which is why investments were made in Yugoslavia, and after independence and post- the construction of new tracks, modern cable war reconstruction, today it is an increasingly cars and additional accommodation facilities. important ski tourist destination. The Olympic mountains of Jahorina, Bjelašnica As winter tourism becomes more and more and Igman are a representative example of popular, in recent years more and more is a mountain tourist destination in Bosnia and being invested in winter-recreational centers Herzegovina that has gone through several throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is stages of tourist development. Before the why today BH. The mountains are a popular Winter Olympics, held in Sarajevo in 1984, tourist destination for skiing, snowboarding, most of the activities in these mountains sledding, bobsledding, paragliding, hiking, were related to recreation - mostly hiking and and in recent years for summer and one-day or weekend skiing. The turning point ecotourism due to the clean air, many resorts, in the development of tourism in this area hiking trails and unobstructed access to the was marked by the construction of Olympic area of exceptional natural beauty. 6 Bosnia and Herzegovina Winter Tourism Bosnia and Herzegovina Winter Tourism 7 History of Skiing in B&H The first skis arrived in Bosnia and the same year, for the first time women also Herzegovina with the Austro-Hungarian participated in an official competition that occupation of this region, which took place was organized on Jahorina mountain. On in 1878. However, the local population initially the occasion of the celebration of the 15th remained only an observer of this novelty. anniversary of the Yugoslav Winter Sports At that time, skiing was a secondary activity Federation, the First Meeting of Skiers of the of only certain members of mountaineering Kingdom of Yugoslavia was held between associations, which were in the first place 13 and 16th February in Sarajevo. 18 km long called Tourist Club, founded on September running competition, as well as jumping 21, 1892, and gathered foreigners and some competition were held on the arenas on Pale, of the richer locals. A significant step in the while the best alpinists in skiing and slalom development of skiing was made on April competed on Jahorina. A ski jump built by the 4, 1905, when a branch of the Workers’ army was opened on February 16 on Jahorina. Tourist Association called Friend of Nature After the First Meeting of Yugoslav Skiers, it was founded in Sarajevo as a branch of the was clear that Bosnia had all the conditions association “Die Naturfreunde” with the to become the center of skiing in Yugoslavia. aim of encouraging the development of In February 1949, the Third Republic Ski excursions and recreational stays in nature. Championship was held on Jahorina, while Already in the first year, a large number of a month later, Jahorina hosted the Yugoslav domestic workers joined the Friend of Nature Championship in the classic combination. association. The First World War interrupted the activities of the first ski lovers. One of the most important dates for the development of skiing in BaH is January 4, After the First World War, skiing was mostly 1953 when the first cable car in B&H, and disorganized, and then the Sarajevo Ski most likely the first at the Balkans, was Club was founded (1927) with an idea of opened on Jahorina. From March 27 to 29, encouraging fans of this sport to participate 1953, the first international ski competition more seriously and in an organized manner. in B&H was held on Jahorina – the first The first championship was held in 1929, “Jahorina Cup”. On January 29, 1961, the first on a 22 km long track, and 28 skiers took ski lift on Jahorina, built by the members part in cross-country skiing. The first official of the Sarajevo Ski Club, was opened. Two competition of the Sarajevo Winter Sports seasons later, Trebević also got the ski lift. Sub-Federation was held on March 8, 1931, The former Yugoslavia, ie. Slovenia, has been at Veliko Polje on Igman in the 30 km run.
Recommended publications
  • IN BOSNIA and HERZEGOVINA June 2008
    RESULTS FROM THE EU BIODIVERSITY STANDARDS SCIENTIFIC COORDINATION GROUP (HD WG) IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA June 2008 RESULTS FROM THE EU BIODIVERSITY STANDARDS SCIENTIFIC COORDINATION GROUP (HD WG) IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 30th June 2008 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 4 2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON BIH.................................................................. 5 3 IDENTIFIED SOURCES OF INFORMATION ............................................................. 8 3-a Relevant institutions.......................................................................................................................................8 3-b Experts.............................................................................................................................................................9 3-c Relevant scientific publications ...................................................................................................................10 3-c-i) Birds...........................................................................................................................................................10 3-c-ii) Fish ........................................................................................................................................................12 3-c-iii) Mammals ...............................................................................................................................................12 3-c-iv)
    [Show full text]
  • MAIN STAFF of the ARMY of REPUBLIKA SRPSKA /VRS/ DT No
    Translation 00898420 MAIN STAFF OF THE ARMY OF REPUBLIKA SRPSKA /VRS/ DT No. 02/2-15 NATIONAL DEFENCE 31 March 1995 STA TE SECRET SADEJSTVO /coordination/ 95 VERY URGENT To the commands of the 1st KK /Krajina Corps/, IBK /Eastern Bosnia Corps/, DK /Drina Corps/, V /Air Force/ and PVO /Anti-aircraft Defence/ (to the 2nd KK /Krajina Corps/, SRK /Sarajevo-Romanija Corps/ and HK /Herzegovina Corps/, for their information). DIRECTIVE FOR FURTHER OPERATIONS, Operative No. 711 1. BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MILITARY AND POLITICAL SITUATION Since the start of the year, but particularly during the second half of March, Muslim armed forces have started wantonly violating in a synchronised manner the Agreement on a Four-month Cessation of Hostilities, focussing on offensive actions in the wider area of Bihac and Vlasic, in the zone of operations of the 30th Infantry Division and Task Group 2 of the 1st Krajina Corps, and on Majevica mountain, as well as regrouping and bringing in new forces to continue offensive actions in Posavina, towards Teslic and Srbobran. In synchronised activities, forces of the Muslim-Croatian Federation, forces of the HVO /Croatian Defence Council/ and units of the HV /Croatian Army/ are waiting for the result of the struggle on the Vlasic plateau and on Majevica, and in the event of a favourable development of the situation will join in with the aim of cutting the corridor and taking control of the Posavina, continuing operations in the direction of Glamoc and Grahovo, and, in cooperation with Muslim forces, taking Sipovo
    [Show full text]
  • Drina Euroregion
    Crossing the borders. Studies on cross-border cooperation within the Danube Region Case Study of cross-border cooperation along the Serbian–Croatian border Drina Euroregion Contents 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 2 2. The development of the cross-border cooperation .............................................................. 7 2.1 Establishment of the Drina Euroregion ......................................................................... 8 3. Determination of geographical confines ............................................................................ 11 3.1 The Serbian–Bosnian border section of the Drina Euroregion .................................. 11 3.2 The Serbian–Croatian border section of the Drina Euroregion ................................. 12 3.3 The Croatian–Bosnian border section of the Drina Euroregion ................................ 12 3.4 The Montenegrin–Bosnian border section of the Drina Euroregion......................... 13 3.5 The Montenegrin–Serbian border section of the Drina Euroregion ......................... 14 3.6 Geographic features of the Drina Euroregion area .................................................... 15 3.7 Administrative units – members ................................................................................. 20 4. Organisational and institutional structure, operation ......................................................... 28 Assembly ................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Properties of Dairy Production in the Sarajevo-Romanija Region1
    original research paper Acta Agriculturae Serbica, Vol. XVI, 32 (2011) 135-143 Properties of dairy production in the Sarajevo-Romanija region 1 Grujica Vico, Tatjana Pandurević, Srđan Kostić Faculty of Agriculture East Sarajevo, R. Srpska, BiH Zoran Rajić Faculty of Agriculture Belgrade, Serbia Abstract: Sarajevo - Romanija region entirely belongs to the hilly and mountainous region where livestock production is the dominant form of agriculture. The paper presents results of a research conducted on a sample of ten farms engaged in dairy production. The use of scientific methods has helped us gain a clearer picture of basic organizational and economic characteristics of dairy production in the Sarajevo - Romanija region. Farm production conditions are characterized by marked heterogeneity, resulting in variability of economic performance. In cases where there was a higher degree of fulfilment of prescribed organizational and technological measures, satisfactory economic performance was achieved and the farms, with additional improvements implemented, have further prospects in milk and calf production. Key words: dairy production, Sarajevo - Romanija region, production conditions, economic performance Introduction Although improvements were observed in the past, it is obvious that milk production in Republic of Srpska still lags behind developed countries, and that it is not competitive in the increasingly open market (Vico, 2009). Received: 11 November 2011 / Accepted: 12 December 2011 Acta Agriculturae Serbica, Vol. XVI, 32 (2011) 135-143 The unfavourable characteristics of dairy production in the Republic of Srpska, primarily reflected through low milk yields per cow, disadvantaged racial composition, low marketability of production, insufficient use of modern organizational and technological solutions, indicate the necessity of taking a series of activities aimed at improving the overall production.
    [Show full text]
  • Décision Relative À La Requête De L'accusation Aux Fins De Dresser Le Constat Judiciaire De Faits Relatifs À L'affaire Krajisnik
    IT-03-67-T p.48378 NATIONS o ~ ~ 31 g -.D ~s 3b 1 UNIES J ~ JUL-j ~D)D Tribunal international chargé de Affaire n° : IT-03-67-T poursuivre les personnes présumées responsables de violations graves du Date: 23 juillet 2010 droit international humanitaire commises sur le territoire de l'ex­ Original: FRANÇAIS Yougoslavie depuis 1991 LA CHAMBRE DE PREMIÈRE INSTANCE III Composée comme suit: M.le Juge Jean-Claude Antonetti, Président M.le Juge Frederik Harhoff Mme. le Juge Flavia Lattanzi Assisté de: M. John Hocking, greffier Décision rendue le: 23 juillet 2010 LE PROCUREUR cl VOJISLAV SESELJ DOCUMENT PUBLIC A VEC ANNEXE DÉCISION RELATIVE À LA REQUÊTE DE L'ACCUSATION AUX FINS DE DRESSER LE CONSTAT JUDICIAIRE DE FAITS RELATIFS À L'AFFAIRE KRAJISNIK Le Bureau du Procureur M. Mathias Marcussen L'Accusé Vojislav Seselj IT-03-67-T p.48377 1. INTRODUCTION 1. La Chambre de première instance III (<< Chamb re ») du Tribunal international chargé de poursuivre les personnes présumées responsables de violations graves du droit international humanitaire commises sur le territoire de l'ex-Yougoslavie depuis 1991 (<< Tribunal ») est saisie d'une requête aux fins de dresser le constat judiciaire de faits admis dans l'affaire Le Procureur cl Momcilo Krajisnik, en application de l'article 94(B) du Règlement de procédure et de preuve (<< Règl ement »), enregistrée par le Bureau du Procureur (<< Ac cusation ») le 29 avril 2010 (<< Requête») 1. H. RAPPEL DE LA PROCÉDURE 2. Le 29 avril 2010, l'Accusation déposait sa Requête par laquelle elle demandait que soit dressé le constat judiciaire de 194 faits tirés du jugement rendu dans l'affaire Krajisnik (<< Jugement ») 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Animal Genetic Resources in Bosnia and Herzegovina
    BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Ured za veterinarstvo State Veterinary Administration Bosne i Hercegovine of Bosnia and Herzegovina S A R A J E V O S A R A J E V O Animal genetic resources in Bosnia and Herzegovina SARAJEVO, 2003. SUMMARY In the postwar period, the number of cattle has decreased by 43 percent, sheep by 40 percent, poultry by 60 percent and horses by 49 percent. On the territory of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, more severely affected by the war, losses inflicted to livestock are much higher. Those numbers show the decrease of cattle by 60%, sheep by 75 percent and pigs by 90 percent and poultry by 68 percent and horses by 65 percent. During the war country’s recorded data on animal performance and the nucleus herd of the endangered local cattle (Busha) got destroyed together with any other relevant documentation. The breeding and conservation program for the Bosnian Mountain Horse has been seriously affected. Also as the consequence of war and displacement of human population, a number of flocks of the improved local Pramenka sheep have been lost. The import of exotic breeds, which started on a larger scale at the end of the last century, has been continued after the war through agricultural rehabilitation programs. At the end of the last century, a new breed (the Gatacko cattle) was developed based on imported Tyrolean Gray cattle and local Busha. Import of other breeds (Alpine Brown, Simmental and Frisian) has contributed to an increase in milk production per cow. In the northern part of B&H, breed Simmental has replaced the local Posavsko cattle.
    [Show full text]
  • Touristic Movement in Jahorina Mountain from 1999 to 2016
    TOURISTIC MOVEMENT IN JAHORINA MOUNTAIN FROM 1999 TO 2016 Emilija Dostović Abstract: Mountain Jahorina – a so called “snow beauty”, represents one of the largest ski and winter resorts in the Balkans. During the 14th Winter Olympic Games in 1984 this region has reached considerable touristic development. The one thing that separates Jahorina as a Winter Olympic Center from the rest is the sheer quality of ski tracks located on site, which are suitable for professionals and beginners alike. Apart from skiing activities, visitors can enjoy the natural scenery that this region has to offer. The mild climate, rich hydrography, lush flora and fauna and anthropogenic values can be found here as well. This is a place where Western and Eastern civilizations meet, sometimes even collide but they enrich this region together nonetheless through their long and fascinating history. After the Winter Olympic Games, a three-year civil war, the economic crisis that followed and basic negligence has resulted in a decline of visitors during the years. This area also suffered from a decline of infrastructure capital and material base, reduction of birth rate and emigration of the population. This research shows that Jahorina has a good potential to be a regional tourist centre that could be attractive for visiting at any time of the year. Key factors for a recent tourism development of mountain Jahorina as well as the increase of visitors in the period from 1999 and information about existing infrastructure is shown in the next pages of this paper. As an increase of visitors is apparent in recent time, it gives hope and motive for further work on infrastructure and capacity development for sports, winter and summer activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Attractive Sectors for Investment in Bosnia and Herzegovina
    ATTRACTIVE SECTORS FOR INVESTMENT IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA TABLE OF CONTENTS TOURISM SECTOR IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA.........................................................................................7 TOURISM AND REAL ESTATE SECTOR PROJECTS IN BIH..................................................................................18 AGRICULTURE AND FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA............................20 AGRICULTURE SECTOR PROJECTS IN BIH......................................................................................................39 METAL SECTOR IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA...........................................................................................41 METAL SECTOR PROJECTS IN BIH.....................................................................................................................49 AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA............................................................................51 AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR PROJECTS IN BIH.........................................................................................................57 MILITARY INDUSTRY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA..................................................................................59 FORESTRY AND WOOD INDUSTRY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA.........................................................67 WOOD SECTOR PROJECTS IN BIH.....................................................................................................................71 ENERGY SECTOR IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA.........................................................................................73
    [Show full text]
  • From Ottawa to Sarajevo
    FROM OTTAWA TO SARAJEVO FROM OTTAWA TO SARAJEVO CANADIAN PEACEKEEPERS IN THE BALKANS Dawn M. Hewitt Centre for International Relations, Queen’s University Kingston, Ontario, Canada 1998 Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Hewitt, Dawn M. From Ottawa to Sarajevo : Canadian peacekeepers in the Balkans (Martello papers ; 18) ISBN 0-88911-788-8 1. United Nations – Armed Forces. 2. United Nations – Canada. 3. Canada – Armed Forces – Bosnia and Hercegovina. 4. Canada – Armed Forces – Croatia. 5. Canada – Armed Forces – Yugoslavia. I. Queen’s University (Kingston, Ont.). Centre for International Relations. II. Title. III. Series. JX1981.P7H49 1997 355.3’57’0971 C97-932224-3 © Copyright 1998 Dedication To my parents, Msgt (ret) Norman E. Hewitt and Mrs Ruth Kane Hewitt The way of arms and arts as the way of the warrior is a constant precept that needs no detailing. Keep arts at your left side, arms by your right, the two must complement each other, without one the other can not be. Hojo Code The Martello Papers This is the eighteenth in a series of security studies published over the past several years by the Queen’s University Centre for International Relations (QCIR), under the general title of the Martello Papers. “From Ottawa to Sarajevo” is a detailed, empirical examination of Canadian participation in UN peacekeeping efforts in the former Yugoslavia between 1992 and 1995, written by a US Air Force officer, Major Dawn Hewitt, who served as Visiting Defence Fellow at the Centre during the 1996-97 academic year. Peacekeeping, by all accounts, has become increasingly complex since the end- ing of the Cold War, and as Major Hewitt’s monograph reveals, nowhere have those complexities and frustrations been more apparent than in the former Yugo- slavia.
    [Show full text]
  • Internet Address: Press Release . Communiqué De Presse (Exclusively for the Use of the Media. Not An
    Press Release . Communiqué de presse (Exclusively for the use of the media. Not an official document) United Nations Nations Unies The Hague, 20 December 1999 JL/ P.I.S./ 456-e STANISLAV GALIC DETAINED BY SFOR IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA International The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) welcomes the Criminal Tribunal detention of Stanislav Galic by elements of SFOR on Monday 20 December 1999. for the former Yugoslavia Stanislav Galic, has been charged on the basis of his individual criminal responsibility Tribunal Pénal International pour and his command responsibility with four counts of crimes against humanity and three counts l’ex-Yougoslavie of violations of the laws or customs of war for his part as Commander of the Bosnian Serb Army’s Romanija Corps between 1992 and 1994. The charges relate to the deliberate campaign of shelling and sniping of the civilian population of Sarajevo by forces under his command. The indictment states that, “For forty-four months, the Sarajevo Romanija Corps implemented a military strategy which used shelling and sniping to kill, maim, wound and terrorise the civilian inhabitants of Sarajevo. The shelling and sniping killed and wounded thousands of civilians of both sexes and all ages, including the elderly. The Sarajevo Romanija Corps directed shelling and sniping at civilians who were tending vegetable plots, queuing for bread, collecting water, attending funerals, shopping in markets, riding on trams, gathering wood, or simply walking with their children or friends. People were even injured and killed inside their own homes, being hit by bullets that came through the windows.
    [Show full text]
  • Exposure Assessment and Risk Characterization of Aflatoxin M1 Intake Through Consumption of Milk by General Population in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Preliminary Study
    Akademik Gıda® ISSN Online: 2148-015X http://dergipark.gov.tr/akademik-gida Akademik Gıda 18(3) (2020) 228-232, DOI: 10.24323/akademik-gida.818066 Research Paper / Araştırma Makalesi Exposure Assessment and Risk Characterization of Aflatoxin M1 Intake Through Consumption of Milk by General Population in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Preliminary Study Elma Omeragic , Aleksandra Marjanovic , Jasmina Djedjibegovic , Amila Turalic , Aida Lugusic , Miroslav Sober University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Received (Geliş Tarihi): 05.09.2019, Accepted (Kabul Tarihi): 17.08.2020 Corresponding author (Yazışmalardan Sorumlu Yazar): [email protected] (E. Omeragic) +90 387 61 989 267 +90 387 33 586 178 ABSTRACT Aflatoxins M1 and M2 are the hydroxylated metabolites of aflatoxins B1 and B2 and can be found in milk or milk products. The aim of this study was to obtain the exposure and health risk assessment of this toxin in raw milk using a selection of existing test results of different periods in a different region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. For AFM1 intake assessment, the data available from the report of Pre-Accession Assistance To Agriculture And Rural Development Sector Analyses in Bosnia and Herzegovina was used. For the concentration of the aflatoxin M1 in raw milk, the data of the previous studies and unpublished data from the Laboratory of Toxicological Chemistry Faculty of the Pharmacy University of Sarajevo were used. Risk characterization was performed by calculating the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence per year for four exposure scenario. The results indicated that the average estimated daily intake of aflatoxin M1 was 0.049 ng/kg body weight (bw) per day.
    [Show full text]
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Sead Vojnikovic Summary of climate change dimensions Although Bosnia and Herzegovina ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 2000, and its Kyoto Protocol in 2008, research activities and capacity building have not developed sufficiently, as policy on and scientific research into climate change in Bosnia and Herzegovina have been affected by the post-war situation, with a very complex state administration; lack of state and regional level legislation; absence of national, international and inter-sectoral cooperation; etc. Bosnia and Herzegovina has lacked studies addressing climate changing problems and their regional and local influences on forestry, forest productivity, biodiversity, etc. No models have been developed that could be used for assessing impact on forestry or for evaluating possible national areal changes to plant and animal communities. The most complete report regarding climate change is the Initial National Communication (INC) of Bosnia and Herzegovina to UNFCCC. The majority of this text derives from that report. Forestry Forests represent one of the major natural resources of the country. Due to their natural and diverse structure, as well as extensive natural regeneration, they represent crucial resources for the further development of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The country itself is geographically optimally positioned in terms of diverse climatic influences (Mediterranean, sub-Mediterranean and middle continental climate zones) and is home to over one hundred tree species. The main species found are fir, spruce, Scots and European pine, beech, different species of oak, and less significant numbers of noble broadleaves, including maples, elms, ash, together with fruit trees (cherry, apple, pear).
    [Show full text]