List of Land-Grant Institutions and Agricultural Experiment Stations in the United States

For help in diagnosing and controlling plant diseases contact your Coun- ty Ag Comissioners (CA) or county extension agent, your state Diagnostic Lab, your state Department of Agriculture or your Cooperative Extension Specialist.

Alabama: Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849. http://www.aces.edu/dept/plantdiagnosticlab/ Alabama Cooperative Extension Service http://www.aces.edu/plantlabbham/ Alaska: University of Alaska and Alaska Depertment of Agriculture http://www.dnr.state.ak.us/ag/index.htm Arizona: University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721. http://ag.arizona.edu/PLP/plpext/ Arkansas: University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701. http://www.aragriculture.org/pestmanagement/diseases/clinic/default.asp California: Department of Food and Agriculture oratory and plant pest Diag- nostic Center. ([email protected]) Colorado: Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523. http://www.coopext.colostate.edu/jeffco/hort/clinic.htm Connecticut: University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269. (http://pronewengland.org) Delaware: University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716. http://ag.udel.edu/extension/pdc/index.htm District of Columbia: See Rutgers. http://www.rcs.rutgers.eon/services/ Florida: University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611. http://plantpath.ifas.ufl.edu/ Georgia: University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602. http://www.plant.uga.edu/Extension/Clinics/PDC.htm Hawaii: University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822. http://www2.ctahr.hawaii.edu/adsc/ 1148 Land-Grant Institutions and Agricultural Experiment Stations in the USA

Idaho: University of Idaho, Extension Service, Parma, ID 83660. http://www.uidaho.edu/ag/plantdisease/ llinois: University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802. http://plantclinic.cropsci.uiuc.edu/ Indiana: Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907. http://www.ppdl.purdue.edu Iowa: Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. http://www.isuplantdiseaseclinic.org Kansas: Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506. http://www.plantpath.k-state.edu/DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=49 Kentucky: University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546. http://www.ca.uky.edu/agcollee/plantpathology/extension/pdd_lab.html Louisiana: Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803. http://www.lsuagcenter.com/en/our_offices/departments/PlantPathology_ Crops_Physiology/Plant_Disease_Clinic/ Maine: University of Maine, Orono, ME 04473. http://pmo.umext.main.edu Maryland: University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742. http://www.plantclinic.umd.edu/ Massachusetts: University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003. (umassextension.org) Michigan: Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824. http://www.pestid.msu.edu/ Minnesota: University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108. http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/cropsystems/DC3170.html Mississippi: Mississippi Cooperative Extension Service, Mississippi, MS 39762. http://www.extensionplantclinics.msstate.edu/ Missouri: University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211. http://soilplantlab.missouri.edu/ Montana: Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717. http://scarab.msu.montana.edu/ipm/ Nebraska: University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583. http://plantpath.unl.edu/ppathdiagnostic.htm Nevada: University of Nevada, or Nevada Department of Agriculture. http://www.nevada.gov/ New Hampshire: University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824. http://ceinfo.unh.edu/Agric/AGPDTS/PlantH.htm New Jersey: Rutgers, The State University, Milltown, NJ 08850. http://www.rce.rutgers.edu.services/ Land-Grant Institutions and Agricultural Experiment Stations in the USA 1149

New Mexico: New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003. http://plantclinic.nmsu.edu New York: Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853. http://plantclinic.cornell.edu North Carolina: North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695. http://www.ncsu.edu/pdic North Dakota: North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/diaglab/ Ohio: Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210. http://ppdc.osu.edu Oklahoma: Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078. http://entoplp.okstate.edu/Pddl/ Oregon: Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331. http://web.science.oregonstate.edu/bpp/Plant_Clinic/index.htm Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802. http://www.ppath.cas.psu.edu/extension.html Puerto Rico: Department of Agriculture. http://www.agricultura.gobierno.pr Rhode Island: University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881. httw://www.uri.edu/ce/ceec/plantclinic.html South Carolina: Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634. http://www.clemson.edu/agsrvlb South Dakota: South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007. http://plantsci.sdstate.edu/planthealth/subpage.cfm?ID=12 Tennessee: University of Tennessee, Nashville, TN 37211. http://soilplantandpest.utk.edu/ Texas: Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77845. http://plantdiseaselab.tamu.edu/ Utah: Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322. http://utahpests.usu.edu Vermont: University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405. http://pss.uvm.edu/pd/pdc/ Virgin Islands: Virgin Islands Extension Service, Kingshill, St. Croix, VI 00850. http://rps.uvi.edu/CES/index.html Virginia: Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, VA 24061. http://www.ppws.vt.edu/~clinic/ Washington: WSU Research and Extension Center, Puyallup, WA 98371. http://www.puyallup.wsu.edu/plantclinic/index.html West Virginia: West Virginia University Extension Service, Morgantown, WV 26506. http://www.mastergardener2008.com/ 1150 Land-Grant Institutions and Agricultural Experiment Stations in the USA

Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706. http://pddc.wisc.edu/, http://www.entomology.wisc.edu/entodiag.html Wyoming: University of Wyoming Cooperative Extension Service, Laramie, WY 82071. http://ces.uwyo.edu/ Ontario: Pest Diagnostic Clinic, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1H 8J7. http://www.labservices.uoguelph.ca/units/pdc/ Plate 1 a Lethal Yellowing on Coconut Palm caused by a Phytoplasma Pathogen. b, c Tulip Break on Tulip caused by Lily Latent Mosaic Virus. d, e Ringspot on Vanda Orchid caused by Vanda Ringspot Virus Plate 2 a, b Rust on Rose caused by Phragmidium mucronatum. c Cedar-Apple Rust on Apple caused by Gymnospo- rangium juniperi-virginianae Plate 3 a Cedar-Apple Rust on Cedar caused by Gymnosporangium juniperi. b Stunt on Chrysanthemum caused by Chrysanthemum Stunt Viroid. Var. Dark Pink Orchid Queen Plate 4 a Green Flowers on Chrysanthemum caused by Aster Yellows Phytoplasma. b Phyllody on Hydrangea caused by a Phytoplasma Pathogen Plate 5 a, b Mosaic on Rose caused by Prunus Necrotic Ringspot Virus. c Foliar Symptoms on Chrysanthemum (Variety Bonnie Jean) caused by (clockwise from upper left) Chrysanthemum Chlorotic Mottle Viroid, Healthy Leaf, Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid, Chrysanthemum Stunt Viroid, and Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid (Mild Strain) Plate 6 a Bacterial Leaf Rot on Dieffenbachia caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi. b Bacterial Leaf Rot on Philodendron caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi Plate 7 a Common Leafspot on Boston Ivy caused by Guignardia bidwellii. b Crown Gall on Chrysanthemum caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens Plate 8 a Ringspot on Tomato Fruit caused by Cucumber Mosaic Virus. b, c Powdery Mildew on Rose caused by Podosphaera pannosa Plate 9 a Late Blight on Potato caused by Phytophthora infestans. b Powdery Mildew on Begonia caused by Erysiphe cichoracearum. c Mosaic on Squash caused by Cucumber Mosaic Virus Plate 10 a Dollar Spot on Turf caused by Sclerotinia homeocarpa. b Copper Injury on Rose caused by sprays contain- ing Copper. c Blackspot on Rose caused by Diplocarpon rosae Plate 11 Foliar Nematode on Chrysanthemum caused by Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi Plate 12 a Foliar Nematode on Chrysanthemum caused by Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi. b Apple Scab on Apple caused by Venturia inaequalis Plate 13 a, b, c, d Rust on Jack-in-the-Pulpit caused by Uromyces caladii Plate 14 a, b Leaf Spot on Dracaena caused by Physalospora dracaenae. c Yellow Leaf Blight on Corn caused by Phyllosticta maydis. d Blossom Blight on Rose caused by Botrytis cinerea Plate 15 a Flower and Leaf Blight on Geranium caused by Botrytis cinerea. b Scab on Citrus caused by Elsinoë fawcettii. c Downy Mildew on Rose by Peronospora sparsa Plate 16 a Brown Rot on Cherry caused by Monilinia fructicola. b Downy Mildew on Rose by Peronospora sparsa Glossary

Acervulus,pl.Acervuli. A “little heap,” an erumpent, cushionlike mass of hyphae bearing conidiophores and conidia, sometimes with setae; char- acteristic of the Melanconiales (Fig. 2.5). Acicular. Needlelike. Aeciospore. Rust spore formed in an aecium. Aecium,pl.Aecia. A cluster-cup, or cuplike fruiting sorus in the rusts (Fig. 3.55). Aerobic. Living or active only in the presence of oxygen. Amoeboid. Not having a cell wall and changing in form like an amoeba. Allantoid. Sausage-shaped. Alternate Host. One or other of the two unlike hosts of a heteroecious rust. Anamorph. State of life-cycle in which asexual spores, or none, are pro- duced. Annulus. A ring; ringlike partial veil around stipe in the mushrooms. Antheridium,pl.Antheridia. Male sex organ in the fungi. Anthracnose. A disease with limited necrotic lesions, caused by a fungus producing nonsexual spores in acervuli (Fig. 3.1). Antibiotic. Damaging to life; especially a substance produced by one microorganism to destroy others. Apothecium,pl.Apothecia. The cup- or saucer-like ascus-bearing fruiting body; in the Discomycete section of the Ascomycetes (Figs. 2.3, 3.53). Appressorium. A swelling on a fungus germ tube for attachment to host in early stage of infection; found especially in anthracnose fungi and rusts. Ascocarp,orAscoma. Any structure producing asci, as an apothecium, perithecium. Ascomycetes. One of the three main groups of the fungi, bearing sexual spores in asci. Ascospore. Produced in ascus by free cell formation. Ascus,pl.Asci. Saclike, usually clavate cell containing ascospores, typically eight (Fig. 2.3). 1152 Glossary

Aseptate. Without cross-walls. Asexual. Vegetative, having no sex organs or sex spores; the imperfect stage of a fungus. Autoecious. Completing life cycle on one host; term used in rusts.

Bacteria. Microscopic one-celled organisms increasing by fission. Bactericide. Substance causing death of bacteria. Basidiomycetes. Class 3 in the Fungi, characterized by septate myceli- um, sometimes with clamp-connections, and sexual spores on basidia (Fig. 2.4). Basidiospore. Spore produced on a basidium. Basidium,pl.Basidia. Club-shaped structure, which, after fusion of two nuclei, produces four basidiospores (Fig. 2.4). Binucleate. Having two nuclei. Blight. A disease with sudden, severe leaf damage and often with general killing of flowers and stems. Blotch. A blot or spot, usually superficial. Breaking, of a virus. Loss of flower color in a variegated pattern, especially in tulips.

Canker. A lesion on a stem; a plant disease with sharply limited necrosis of the cortical tissue (Figs. 3.16, 3.17, 3.18). Carrier. Infected plant showing no marked symptoms but source of infec- tion for other plants. Catenulate. In chains, or in an end-to-end series. Cerebroid. With brainlike convolutions or folds. Chemotherapy. Treatment of internal disease by chemical agents that have a toxic effect on the microorganism without injuring the plant. Chlamydospore. Thick-walled, asexual resting spore formed by the round- ing up of any mycelial cell (Fig. 3.46); also used for smut spores. Chlorosis. Yellowing of normally green tissue due to partial failure of chlorophyll to develop; often due to unavailability of iron (Fig. 3.37). Cilium,pl.Cilia. Hairlike swimming organ on bacteria or zoospores. Cirrhus,pl.Cirrhi. A tendril or horn of forced-out spores. Clamp-connections. Outgrowths of hyphae which form bridges around sep- ta, thus connecting two cells; in Basidiomycetes (Fig. 2.4). Clavate. Club-shaped. Glossary 1153

Cleistothecium,pl.Cleistothecia. A perithecium without a special opening; in powdery mildews (Fig. 3.42). Coalesce. Growing together into one body or spot. Coenocytic. Multinucleate; mycelia having no cell walls. Columella. Sterile central axis in a mature fruiting body (Fig. 2.2). Concentric. One circle within another with a common center. Conidiophore. Simple or branched hyphae on which conidia are produced. Conidium.pl.Conidia. Any asexual spore except sporangiospore or chlamy- dospore. Conk. Term used in forestry for sporophores of Polyporaceae on trees. Control. Prevention of, or reduction of loss from, plant disease. Coremium,pl.Coremia. Synnema, a cluster of erect hyphae bearing conidia (Fig. 2.5). Coriaceous. Like leather in texture. Culturing. Artificial propagation of organisms on nutrient media or living plants. Cystidium, pl. Cystidia. Sterile, often swollen cell projecting from hymeni- um in Basidiomycetes.

Damping-off . Seed decay in soil, or seedling blight. Decumbent. Resting on substratum with ends turned up. Decurrent. Running down the stipe or stem. Diagnosis. Identification of nature and cause of a disease. Dieback. Progressive death of branches or shoots beginning at tips. Defoliate. To strip or become stripped of leaves. Dichotomous. Branching, frequently successive, into two more or less equal arms. Dimidiate. Having one half smaller than the other; of a perithecium, having outer wall covering only top half. Discomycetes. The cup fungi, a subclass of Ascomycetes; with apothecia. Disease. A condition in which use or structure of any part of the living organism is not normal. Disinfection. Freeing a diseased plant, organ, or tissue from infection. Disinfestation. Killing or inactivating disease organisms before they can cause infection; on surface of seed or plant part, or in soil. Dissemination. Transport of inoculum from a diseased to a healthy plant. Disjunctor. Cell or projection connecting spores of a chain. Duster. Apparatus for applying fungicides in dry form. 1154 Glossary

Echinulate. Having small, pointed spines; used of spores. Endoconidium,pl.Endoconidia. Conidium formed within a hypha. Enphytotic. A plant disease causing constant damage from year to year. Epiphytotic. Sudden and destructive development of a plant disease over an extensive area, an epidemic. Eradicant Fungicide. One that destroys a fungus at its source. Eradication. Control of disease by eliminating the pathogen after it is already established. Erumpent. Breaking through surface of substratum. Excentric. Off center. Exclusion. Control of disease by preventing its introduction into disease-free areas. Exudate. Liquid discharge from diseased tissues.

Fasciation. Joining side by side; a plant disease with flattened and some- times curved shoots. Fascicle. A small bundle or cluster. Filiform. Threadlike. Fimbriate. Fringed, or toothed. Flag. A branch with dead leaves on an otherwise green tree. Flagellum,pl.Flagella. Whiplike organ on a motile cell; cilium. Fruiting Body. Fungus structure containing or bearing spores; mushroom, pycnidium, perithecium, apothecium, etc. Fumigant. A volatile disinfectant, destroying organisms by vapor. Fungicide. Chemical or physical agent that kills or inhibits fungi. Fungi Imperfecti. Fungi that have not been connected with the perfect or sexual stage; most are imperfect states of Ascomycetes. Fungistatic. An agent preventing development of fungi without killing them. Fungus,pl.Fungi. An organism with no chlorophyll, reproducing by sexual or asexual spores, usually with mycelium with well-marked nuclei. Fusiform. Spindle-like, narrowing toward the ends. Fusoid. Somewhat fusiform.

Gall. Outgrowth or swelling, often more or less spherical, of unorganized plant cells as result of attack by bacteria, fungi, or other organisms. Gametangium. Gamete mother cell. Gamete. A sex cell, especially one formed in a gametangium. Glossary 1155

Germ Tube. Hypha produced by a germinated fungus spore. Gill. Lamella or hymenium-covered plate on underside of cap of a mush- room. Girdle. A canker that surrounds stem, completely cutting off water supply and thus causing death; girdling roots also cause death. Glabrous. Smooth. Gleba. Sporulating tissue in an angiocarpous fruit body. Globose. Almost spherical. Gram-negative, Gram-positive. Not being stained, and being stained, by the Gram stain used in classifying bacteria.

Haustorium,pl.Haustoria. Special hyphal branch extended into living cell for purpose of absorbing food (Fig. 3.41). Heteroecious. Undergoing different parasitic stages on two unlike hosts, as in the rusts. Heterothallic. Of a fungus, sexes separate in different mycelia. Holocarpic. Having all the thallus used for a fruiting body. Homothallic. Both sexes present in same mycelium. Host. Any plant attacked by a parasite. Hyaline. Colorless, or nearly transparent. Hymenium. Spore-bearing layer of a fungus fruiting body. Hyperplastic. Term applied to a disease producing an abnormally large number of cells. Hypha,pl.Hyphae. Single thread of a fungus mycelium. Hypoplastic. Term applied to a disease with subnormal cell production. Hyphopodium,pl.Hyphopodia. More or less lobed appendage to a hypha. Hysterothecium. Oblong or linear perithecium, sometimes considered an apothecium, opening by a cleft.

Immune. Exempt from disease; having qualities that do not permit infection. Immunization. Process of increasing the resistance of a living organism. Imperfect Fungus. One lacking any sexual reproductive state. Imperfect State. State of life-cycle in which asexual spores, or none, are pro- duced. See Anamorph. Incubation Period. Time between inoculation and development of symp- toms that can be seen. Indehiscent. Of fruit bodies, not opening, or with no special method. Infection. Process of beginning or producing disease. 1156 Glossary

Infection Court. Place where an infection may take place, as leaf, fruit, petal, etc. Injury. Result of transient operation of an adverse factor, as an insect bite, or action of a chemical. Innate. Bedded in, immersed. Inoculation. Placing of inoculum in infection court. Inoculum. Pathogen or its part, as spores, fragments of mycelium, etc., that can infect plants. Inoperculate. Not opening by a lid. Intercellular. Between cells. Intracellular. Within cells. Intumescence. Knoblike or pustulelike outgrowth of elongated cells on leaves, stems, etc., caused by environmental disturbances.

Lamella. Gill. Lesion. Localized spot of diseased tissue. Locule. A cavity, especially one in a stroma.

Macroconidia. Large conidia. Macroscopic. Large enough to be seen with the naked eye. Medulla. Loose layer of hyphae inside a thallus; body of a sclerotium. Microconidia. Very small spores, now considered spermatia of a fungus also having larger conidia. Micron. 1/1000 millimeter, unit used for measuring spores. Microscopic. Too small to be seen except with the aid of a microscope; true of most of the fungus structures shown in line drawings in this book. Mildew. Plant disease in which the pathogen is a growth on the surface. Molds. Fungi with conspicuous mycelium or spore masses, often sapro- phytes. Monoecious. Male and female reproductive organs in same individual; in rusts, all stages of life cycle on single species of plant. Multinucleate. Several nuclei in same cell. Mummy. Dried, shriveled fruit, result of disease. Muriform. Having cross and longitudinal septa. Mushroom. An agaric fruit body (Fig. 2.4). Mycelium pl. Mycelia. Mass of fungus hyphae. Mycelia Sterilia. Fungi Imperfecti where spores, except for chlamydospores, are not present. Glossary 1157

Mycoplasmalike Organism (MLO). A walless prokaryotic plant pathogen which has a single-unit membrane. See Phytoplasma. Mycorrhiza,pl.Mycorrhizae. Symbiotic, nonpathogenic association of fun- gi and roots.

Necrosis. Death of plant cells, usually resulting in tissue turning dark. Necrotic. As an adjective, killing. Nematicide. Chemical or physical agent killing nematodes. Nematodes. Nemas, roundworms, eelworms, cause of some plant diseases.

Obligate Parasite. A parasite that can develop only in living tissues, with no saprophytic stage. Obovate. Inversely ovate, narrowest at base. Obtuse. Rounded or blunted, greater than a right angle. Oogonium,pl.Oogonia. Female sex organ in the Oomycetes (Fig. 2.1). Oomycetes. Subclass of the Phycomycetes, gametangia of unequal size. Oospore. Resting spore formed in a fertilized oogonium. Operculate. With a cover or lid, as in some asci. Ostiole. Porelike mouth or openings in papilla or neck of a perithecium or pycnidium.

Papilla,pl.Papillae. Small, nipplelike projection. Paraphysis,pl.Paraphyses. A sterile hyphal element in the hymenium, especially in the Ascomycetes, usually clavate or filiform. Paraphysoids. Threads of hyphal tissue between asci, like delicate paraphy- ses but without free ends. Parasite. An organism that lives on or in a second organism, usually causing disease in the latter. Pathogen. Any organism or factor causing disease. Pathogenic. Capable of causing disease. Pedicel. Small stalk. Perfect State. Stage of life-cycle in which spores are formed after nuclear fission. See Teleomorph. Peridium. Wall or limiting membrane of a sporangium or other fruit body, or of a rust sorus. Perithecium. Subglobose or flasklike ascocarp of the Pyrenomycetes (Fig. 2.3). 1158 Glossary

Phialide. A cell that develops one or more open ends from which a basipetal succession of conidia develops without an increase in length of the phialide itself. Physiogenic Disease. Caused by unfavorable environmental factors. Physiologic Races. Pathogens of same variety and species structurally the same but differing in physiological behavior, especially in ability to par- asitize a given host. Phytopathology. Plant pathology, science of plant disease. Phytoplasma. A MLO that is pathogenic to plants. Pileus. Hymenium-supporting part of a fruit body of a higher fungus; the cap of a mushroom. Primary Infection. First infection by a pathogen after going through a rest- ing or dormant period. Prokaryotic. Organisms which lack a true nucleus; includes bacteria and mycoplasmalike organisms. Promycelium. Basidium of rusts and smuts. Pulvinate. Cushionlike in form. Pycnidium,pl.Pycnidia. Flasklike fruiting body containing conidia. Pycnium. Spermagonium in the rusts, the 0 stage, resembling a pycnidium (Fig. 3.55).

Resistance. Ability of a host plant to suppress or retard activity of a patho- gen. Resting Spore. A spore, often thick-walled, that can remain alive in a dor- mant condition for some time, later germinating and capable of initiating infection. Resupinate. Flat on the substratum with hymenium on outer side. Rhizoid. Rootlike structure (Fig. 2.2). Rhizomorph. A cordlike strand of fungus hyphae. Ring Spot. Disease symptoms characterized by yellowish or necrotic rings with green tissue inside the ring, as in virus diseases. Roguing. Removal of undesired individual plants. Rosette. Disease symptom with stems shortened to produce a bunchy growth habit. Russet. Brownish roughened areas on skins of fruit, from abnormal produc- tion of cork caused by disease, insect, or spray injury. Rust. A fungus, one of the Uredinales, causing a disease also known as rust. Glossary 1159

Saprophyte. An organism that feeds on lifeless organic matter. Scab. Crustlike disease lesion; or a disease in which scabs are prominent symptoms (Fig. 3.58). Sclerotium,pl.Sclerotia. Resting mass of fungus tissue, often more or less spherical, normally having no spores in or on it (Figs. 3.51, 3.53). Scorch. Burning of tissue, from infection or weather conditions. Scutellum. Plate or shieldlike cover, as in Microthyriales. Septate. Having cross-walls, septa. Sessile. Havingnostem. Seta,pl.Setae. A stiff hair, or bristle, generally dark-colored. Shothole. A disease symptom in which small round fragments drop out of leaves, making them look as if riddled by shot. Sign. Any indication of disease other than reaction of the host plant Ð pores, mycelium, exudate, or fruiting bodies of the pathogen. Slurry. Thick suspension of chemical; used for seed treatment. Smut. A fungus of the Ustilaginales, characterized by sooty spore masses; the name also used for the disease caused by the smut. Sooty Mold. Dark fungus growing in insect honeydew. Sorus,pl.Sori. Fungus spore mass, especially of rusts and smuts; occasion- ally, a group of fruiting bodies. Species. One sort of plant or animal; abbreviated as “sp.” singular, and “spp.” plural. A genus name followed by sp. means that the particu- lar species is undetermined. Spp. following a genus name means that several species are grouped together without being named individu- ally. Spermagonium. Walled structure in which spermatia are produced, a pycni- um. Spermatium,pl.Spermatia, a sex cell (+ or −), a pycniospore. Sporangiole. Small sporangium without a columella and with a small num- ber of spores. Sporangiophore. Hypha bearing a sporangium. Sporangium. Organ producing nonsexual spores in a more or less spherical wall (Fig. 2.1). Spore. A single- to many-celled reproductive body, in the fungi and lower plants, which can develop a new plant. Sporidium,pl.Sporidia. Basidiospore of rusts and smuts. Sporodochium,pl.Sporodochia. Cluster of conidiophores interwoven on a stroma or mass of hyphae (Fig. 2.5). 1160 Glossary

Sporophore. Spore-producing or supporting structure Ð fruit body; used especially in the Basidiomycetes (Fig. 3.49). Sporulate. To produce spores. Sprayer. Apparatus for applying chemicals in liquid form. Sterigma,pl.Sterigmata. Projection for supporting a spore. Stipe. A stalk. Stipitate. Stalked. Strain. An organism or group of organisms differing in origin or minor aspects from other organisms of same species or variety. Stroma,pl.Stromata. Mass of fungus hyphae often including host tissue containing or bearing spores. Subiculum, Subicle. Netlike woolly or crustlike growth of mycelium under fruit bodies. Substrate. The substance or object on which a saprophytic organism lives and from which it gets nourishment. Suscept. A living organism attacked by, or susceptible to, a given disease or pathogen; in many cases a more precise term than host but less familiar. Susceptible. Unresistant, permitting the attack of a pathogen. Swarmspore. Zoospore. Synnema,pl.Synnemata. Groups of hyphae sometimes joined together, gen- erally upright and producing spores; coremium. Systemic. Term applied to disease in which single infection leads to general spread of the pathogen throughout the plant body; or to a chemical that acts through the vascular system.

Teleomorph. State of life-cycle in which spores are formed after nuclear fis- sion. Teliospore. Winter or resting form of rust spore, from which basidium is produced (Figs. 3.54, 3.55, 3.56). Telium. Sorus producing teliospores. Thallophyte. One of the simpler plants, belonging to the algae, bacteria, fun- gi, slime molds, or lichens. Thallus. Vegetative body of a thallophyte. Tolerant. Capable of sustaining disease without serious injury or crop loss. Toxin. Poison formed by an organism. Tylosis pl. Tyloses. Cell outgrowth into cavity of xylem vessel, plugging it.

Urediospore. Summer spore of rusts; one-celled, verrucose (Fig. 3.54). Uredium. Sorus producing urediospores. Glossary 1161

Valsoid. Having groups of perithecia with beaks pointing inward, or even parallel with surface, as in valsa. Vector. An agent, insect, man, etc., transmitting disease. Vein-banding. Symptom of virus disease in which regions along veins are darker green than the tissue between veins. Verrucose. With small rounded processes or warts. Viroid. The smallest known viruslike infectious agent having no protein coat and only a small amount of nucleic acid. Virulent. Highly pathogenic; with strong capacity for causing disease. Viruliferous. Virus-carrying; term applied particularly to virus-laden insects. Virus. An obligate parasite capable of multiplying in certain hosts, ultrami- croscopic, recognizable by the effects produced in infected hosts. Has nucleic acid with protein coat.

Wilt. Loss of freshness or drooping of plants due to inadequate water supply or excessive transpiration; a vascular disease interfering with utilization of water. Witches’ Broom. Disease symptom with abnormal brushlike development of many weak shoots.

Yellows. Term applied to disease in which yellowing or chlorosis is a prin- cipal symptom.

Zoospore. A swimming spore, swarmspore, capable of independent move- ment (Fig. 2.1). Zygomycetes. Subclass of the Phycomycetes, characterized by gametes of equal size. Zygospore. Resting spore formed from the union of similar gametes (Fig. 2.2). Selected Bibliography

In the preparation of Westcott’s Plant Disease Handbook references have been reviewed that cover a century of scientific reporting. An attempt has been made also to keep abreast of current literature. To cite all of the indi- vidual articles that have been helpful would fill another book. The bibliog- raphy presented here is a selected small sampling of the field surveyed, with emphasis on sources consulted in making nomenclatural decisions. Periodicals that are regularly reviewed include Plant Disease, Phytopatholo- gy, Review of Applied Mycology, Journal of Economic Entomology, A.I.B.S. Bulletin (Agricultural Institute of Biological Sciences), Biological Abstracts, Agricultural Chemicals, NAC News (National Agricultural Chemicals Asso- ciation), Arborist’s News, Proceedings of the National Shade Tree Confer- ence, American Fruit Grower, American Vegetable Grower, Farm Journal, The Garden Journal (New York Botanical Garden), Plants and Gardens (BrookIyn Botanic Garden), The National Gardener (National Council of State Garden Clubs), publications of many of the state garden clubs, most of the popular garden magazines, yearbooks and magazines of several single plant societies. In addition, there are numerous bulletins, circulars, and spray schedules from state experiment stations. The following references provide coverage in depth of the current taxonomy of the major types of plant pathogens. Bacteria: Volume 1 (1984) and Volume (1986) of Bergey’s Manual of Sys- tematic Bacteriology, published by Williams and Wilkins, and Laborato- ry Guide for Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacterial (1980) by N. W. Schaad, published by APS Press, The American Phytopathological Society. Viruses: Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses (1979) by R. E. F. Matthews, published by Academic Press, and Descriptions of Plant Virus- es, published by the Commonwealth Mycological Institute and Association of Applied Biologists. 1164 Selected Bibliography

Fungi: Plant Pathogenic Fungi (1987) by J. A. von Arx, published by J. Cramer in Berlin, Ainsworth and Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi (1983) by D.L. Hawksworth, B.C. Sutton and G.C. Ainsworth, 7th Edition, published by Commonwealth Mycological Institute, and Illustrated Genera of Imper- fect Fungi (1972), by H.L. Barnett and H.B. Hunter, 3rd Edition, published by Burgess Publishing Company. Nematodes: Pictorial Key to Genera of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes (1975) by W.F. Mai and H.H. Lyon, 4th Edition, published by Cornell University Press. Finally, the APS Press, the publishing group of the American Phytopatholog- ical Society, produces a Compendium of Plant Disease series that provides information about causes, cycles, and control of plant diseases. There are presently more than 30 books in this series. Ainsworth GC, Bisby GR (2001) Ainsworth and Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi, 9th edn. Kirk PM, Cannon PF, David JC, Staplers JA (eds). CABI Publishing, 624 pp Aldrich D (1954) American Society for Horticultural Science. The care and feeding of garden plants. National Fertilizer Association, Washington DC Alexopoulos CJ, Mims CW, Blackwell M (1996) Introductory Mycology. John Wiley and Sons, NY, pp 868 Allen MW (1952) Taxonomic status of the bud and leaf nematodes related to Aphelen- choides fragariae (Ritzema Bos 1891). Proc Helm Soc Wash 19(2):108Ð120 — (1955) A review of the genus Tylenchorhynchus. Univ Calif Public Zoology 61(3):129Ð166 Allen MW, Jensen HJ (1951) Pratylenchus vulnus (Nematoda, Pratylenchinae) a parasite of trees and vines in California. Helm Soc Sci J 18:47Ð50 — (1957) A review of the nematode genus Trichodorus with descriptions of ten new species. Nematologica 2(1):32Ð62 Anderson HW (1956) Disease of Fruit Crops, 1st edn. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. New York, p 501 Anonymous (1953) Distribution, symptoms and control of some of the more important plant diseases. Plant Disease Reporter Suppl 221:106Ð181 — (1956) Plant pest handbook. Conneticut Agricultural Experimental Station Bulletin. http://www.ct.gov/caes/cwp/view.asp?a=2826&q=37818&caesNav=| — (1968) Recommended fungicides and nematicides. Ext. Serv., College of Agr., Penn- sylvania State University, University Park, PA — (1999) Watch out for witchweed. USDA http://www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/pubs/ witchwee.pdf — (2007) Pesticides for New Jersey. New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rut- gers, N. http://njaes.rutgers.edu/pubs/pesticidesforni/ Arthur JC (1934) Manual of the Rusts in United States and Canada, Purdue Research Foundation. Lafayette, IN. With supplement by G.B. Cummins. The Hafner Pub- lishing Co., Inc., New York. 1962 Selected Bibliography 1165

Bailey LH, Ethel ZB (compilers) (1941) Hortus second. The MacMillan Company, New York Baker KF (ed) (1957) The U.C. System for Producing Healthy Container-grown plants. California Agricultural Experimental Station Manual 23, 332 pp Barnett HL, Hunter BB (1998) Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi. 4th edn. Burgess Publishing Company, Minneapolis, MN, 218 pp Bawden FC (1964) Plant Viruses and Virus Diseases, 4th edn. The Ronald Press Com- pany, New York Beemster ABR, Dijkstra J (eds) (1966) Viruses of Plants. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York Bessey EA (1950) Morphology and Taxonomy of Fungi. The Blakiston Company, Philadelphia, PA. And Hafner Publishing Co., 1961 Birchfield W (1957) The burrowing nema situation in Florida. J Econom Entomol 50:562Ð566 Bisby GR (1945) An Introduction to the Taxonomy and Nomenclature of Fungi. Com- monwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey, England Boyce JS (1961) Forest Pathology, 3rd edn. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York Brandes GA, Tulio MC, Skiles RL (eds) (1959) Compendium of Plant Diseases. Rohm & Haas Company, Philadelphia, PA Bray DF (1958) Gas Injury to Shade Trees. Sci Tree Topics 2(5):19Ð22. Bartlett Tree Research Laboratories, Stamford, CT Brierley P (1944) Viruses described primarily on ornamental or miscellaneous plants. Plant Disease Reporter Supplement 150:410Ð482 Brunt AA, Crabtree K, Dallvitz MJ, Gibbs AJ, Watson L (1996) Virus of Plants. Descrip- tions and List from the VIDE Database. CAB International, University Press, Cam- bridge, pp 1484 Buchanan RE, Gibbons NE (1974) Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 8th edn. The Williams and Wilkins Company, Baltimore, MD Buhrer EM (1954) Common names of some important plant pathogenic nematodes. Plant Disease Reporter 38:535Ð541 Burkholder WH (1957) In Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edn. The Williams and Wilkins Company, Baltimore, MD, pp. 89Ð183, 288Ð292, 349Ð359, 579Ð597 Burnett, HC (1965) Orchid Diseases. State of Florida Dept. of Agriculture, Div. of Plant Industry, Vol. I, No. 3, Gainesville, FL Cairns EJ et al (1954) Symposium on new developments and new problems concerning nematodes in the South. Plant Disease Reporter Supplement 227:75Ð107 Campana R, chairman (1957) Guide for community-wide control of Dutch elm disease. Midwestern Chapter, National Shade Tree Conference Caroselli NE (1957) Verticillium Wilt of Maples. Rhode Island Agriculture Experiment Station Bulletin 335:3Ð84 Carter JC (1964) Illinois Trees: Their Diseases. IL National History Survey Circular 46. Urbana, IL. Rev. 1166 Selected Bibliography

— (1967) Dutch Elm Disease in Illinois. IL National History Survey Circular 53 — (1964) The Wetwood Disease of Elm. IL National History Survey Circular 50 Carter W (1963) Insects in Relation to Disease. John Wiley & Sons, New York Chester KS (1947) Nature and Prevention of Plant Diseases, 2nd edn. The Blakiston Company, Philadelphia, PA — (1946) Nature and Prevention of Cereal Rusts as Exemplified in the Leaf Rust of Wheat. Chronica Botanica Company, Waltham, MA Chitwood BG (1951) Golden Nematode of Potatoes. USDA Circular 885 — (1949) Root-knot nematodes. Part I. A revision of the genus Meloidogyne Goeldi 1887. Proc Helm Soc Wash 16:90Ð104 Chitwood BG, Birchfield W (1956) Nematodes, Their Kinds and Characteristics. State Plant Board of FL. Vol II Bul 9:5Ð49 Chitwood BG, Hannon CI, Esser RP (1956) A new nematode genus, Meloidodera, link- ing the genera Heterodera and Meloidogyne. Phytopathology 46:264Ð266 Christensen CM (1965) Common Fleshy Fungi, Revised. Burgess Publishing Company, Minneapolis, MN Christie JR (1959) Plant Nematodes, Their Bionomics and Control. University of Flori- da, Gainesville, FL Christie JR, Perry VG (1951) A root disease of plants caused by a nematode of the genus Trichodorus. Science 113:491Ð493 Christie JR, Taylor AL (1952) Controlling Nematodes in the Home Garden. USDA Farmers Bulletin 2048 Chupp C (1925) Manual of Vegetable-garden Diseases. The Macmillan Company, New York — (1953) A Monograph of the Fungus Genus Cercospora. Published by author, Ithaca, NY Chupp C, Sherf AF (1960) Vegetable Diseases and Their Control. Ronald Press, New York Clements, FE, Shear CL (1931) The Genera of Fungi. H. W. Wilson Company, New York. Reprint Hafner Publishing Company, New York, 1965 Converse, RH (1966) Diseases of Raspberries and Erect and Trailing Blackberries. USDA Agriculture Handbook 310 Cooke WB (1952) Nomenclatorial notes on Erysiphaceae. Mycologia 44:57 Corbett MK, Sisler HD (eds) (1964) Plant Virology. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, FL Couch HB (1962) Diseases of Turfgrasses. Reinhold Publishing Corporation, New York Couch JN (1938) The Genus Septobasidium. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC Cox RE (1954) Some Common Diseases of Flowering Dogwood in Delaware. Delaware Agricultural Experiment Circular 27 Cummins GB (1959) Illustrated Genera of Rust Fungi. Burgess Publishing Company, Minneapolis, MN Cummins GB, Stevenson JA (1956) A check list of North American rust fungi (Uredi- nales). Plant Disease Reporter Supplement 240:109Ð193 Selected Bibliography 1167

Darrow GM, McGrew JR, Scott DH (1957) Reducing Virus and Nematode Damage to Strawberry Plants. USDA Leaflet 414 Davies RE, Sinclair WA (1998) Phytoplasma identity and disease etiology. Phytopathol- ogy 88:1372Ð1379 Davis RE, Whitcomb RF, Steere RL (1968) Remission of aster yellows disease by antibi- otics. Science 161(3843):793Ð795 Davis SH, Hamilton CC (1955) Diseases and Insect Pests of Rhododendron and Azalea. New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station Circular 571 Dickson JG (1956) Diseases of Field Crops, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York Dickson RC (1955) A working list of the names of aphid vectors. Plant Disease Report 39:445Ð452 Diener TO (1979) Viroids and Viroid Diseases. John Wiley & Sons, NY, pp 252 — (1987) The Viroids. Plenum Press, NY, pp 344 Dimock AW (1953) The Gardener’s ABC of Pest and Disease. M. Barrows and Compa- ny, Inc., New York Dimock AW et al (1975) 1975 Cornell Recommendations for Commercial Floriculture Crops. N.Y. State College of Agriculture, Ithaca, NY Dimond AE, Stoddard EM (1955) Toxicity to Greenhouse Roses from paints Containing Mercury Fungicides. Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 595 Dittmer DS (ed) (1959) Handbook of Toxicology, Vol V: Fungicides. W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, PA Dochinger LS (1957) Verticillium wilt, its nature and control. Proc. National Shade Tree Conference 33:202Ð212 Doolittle SP, Taylor AL, Danielson LL (1961) Tomato Disease and Their Control. USDA Agriculture Handbook 203 Dowson WJ (1957) Plant Diseases Due to Bacteria, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, New York Drews-Alvarez R. (2003) Fungi Blackspot, in Encyclopedia of Rose Science, in 3 vol- umes, 1800 pp Duddington CL (1957) The Friendly Fungi. A New Approach to the Eelworm problem. Faber and Faber, London Elliott C (1952) Manual of Bacterial Plant Pathogens, rev. edn. The Williams and Wilkins Company, Baltimore, MD Emsweller SL, Brierley P, Smith FF (1963) Roses for the Home. USDA Home and Garden Bulletin 25 Engelhard AW (1957) Host index of Verticillium albo-atrum. Reinke & Berthe. Plant Disease Report Supplement 244:23Ð49 Esau K (1961) Plants, Viruses, and Insects. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA Fauquet CM, Berthiaume L, Ackermann HW, Calisher CH, Goldbach R, Payment P (1995) Introduction to the universal system of virus taxonomy. Archives Virology Supplement 10:1Ð18 Fauquet CM, Martelli GP (1995) Updated ICTV list of names and abbreviations of virus- es, viroids and satellites infecting plants. Archives Virology 140:393Ð413 1168 Selected Bibliography

Fawcett HS (1936) Citrus Diseases and Their Control, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York Felt EP, Rankin RH (1932) Insects and Diseases of Ornamental Trees and Shrubs. The Macmillan Company, New York Fenska RE (1954) Tree Experts Manual, 2nd edn. A T De La Mare Company, Inc, New York Filipev IN, Schuurmans Stekoven JH (1941) A Manual of Agricultural Helminthology. E J Brill Co, Leiden, Holland Fischer GW (1953) Manual of the North American Smut Fungi. The Ronald Press Com- pany, New York Fischer GW, Holton CS (1957) Biology and Control of the Smut Fungi. The Ronald Press Company, New York Fitzpatrick HM (1930) The Lower Fungi Ð Phycomycetes. McGraw-Hill Book Compa- ny,Inc,NewYork Forsberg JL (1975) Diseases of Ornamental Plants. Univ. of Illinois, College of Agricul- ture Special Publ. No 3, Urbana, lL Fowler ME, Gravatt GF (1945) Reducing Damage to Trees from Construction Work. USDA Agricultural Farmers Bulletin 1957 Frear DEH (ed) (1968) Pesticide Handbook Entoma, 20th edn. College Science Publish- ers, State College, PA (Revised each year, this edition lists 9486 pesticides by trade names and formulae.) — (1955) Chemistry of the Pesticides, 3rd edn. D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., Prince- ton, NJ Gambrell FL, Gilmer RM (1956) Insects and Diseases of Fruit Nursery Stocks and Their Control. NY (Geneva) Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 776 Garrett SD (1944) Root Disease Fungi. Chronica Botanica Company, Waltham, MA Gilman JC (1957) A Manual of Soil Fungi, 2nd edn. Iowa State College Press, Ames, IA Gleason ML, Helland SJ (2003) Fungi: Botrytis, in Encyclopedia of Rose Science, in 3 volumes, 1800 pp Golden AM (1956) Taxonomy of the Spiral Nematodes (Rotylenchus and Stelicoty- lenchus) and the Developmental Stages and Host Parasite Relationships of R. bux- ophilus n. sp. Attacking Boxwood. University of Maryland Bulletin A-85 Golden AM, Taylor AL (1956) Rotylenchus christiei, n. sp., a new spiral nematode asso- ciated with roots of turf. Proc Helm Soc Wash 23:109Ð112 Goodey T (1933) Plant Parasitic Nematodes and the Diseases They Cause. E. P. Dutton and Company, New York — (1963) Soil and Fresh Water Nematodes, 2nd edn. Methuen & Co., Ltd., London, England Goodman RN, Kiraly Z, Zaitlin M (1967) The Biochemistry and Physiology of Infec- tious Plant Disease. D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., Princeton, NJ Gould CJ (ed) (1957) Handbook on Bulb Growing and Forcing. Northwest Bulb Grow- ers Association, Mt. Vernon, WA Selected Bibliography 1169

Gould CJ, Harris MR, Eade GW. Disease of Ornamentals. Washington State University, Agricultural Extension Mimeograph 683 Gram E, Weber A (1953) Plant Diseases in Orchard, Nursery and Garden Crops. Ed. and adap. by R.W.G. Dennis. Tr. from the Danish by Evelyn Ramsden. Philosophical Library, New York Granados RR, Maramorosch K, Shikata E (1968) Mycoplasma: Suspected etiologic agent of corn stunt. National Academy of Science. Proceedings 60(3):841Ð844 Guba E (1961) Monograph of Monochaetia and Pestalotia. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA Hawksworth FG, Wiens D (1972) Biology and Classification of Dwarf Mistletoes (Arceuthobium). USDA Agriculture Handbook 401 Hayley D (ed) (1967) Official FDA Tolerances. National Agricultural Chemicals Asso- ciation News 25(3):3Ð23 Heald FD (1933) Manual of Plant Diseases, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York Hedden OK, Wilson JD, Sleesman JP (1966) Equipment for Applying Soil Pesticides. USDA Agriculture Handbook 297 Hepting GH (1968) Diseases of Forest and Shade Trees of the United States. Distributed and processed as Diagnosis of Disease in American Forest and Shade Trees. USDA Forest Service, in 5 volumes, dated 1964, 1966, 1968 Hert AP, Jones JB (2003) Bacteria: Crown Gall Diseases. In: Encyclopedia of Rose Science in 3 volumes, 1800 pp Hildebrand EM, Cook HT (1959) Sweetpotato Diseases. USDA Farmers Bulletin 1059 Holmes FO (1948) Virales. In: Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 6th edn. The Williams and Wilkins Company, Baltimore, MD, pp 1128Ð1224 Holmes FW, Chater CS (1966) Culture, Diseases, Injuries, and Pests of Maples in Shade and Ornamental Plantings. University of Massachusetts Cooperative Extension Ser- vice Publication 443 Holton CS, Fischer GW, Fulton RW, Hart H, McCallan SEA (eds) (1959) Plant Pathol- ogy, Problems and Progress. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, WI Hopkins JCF (ed) (1957) Common Names of Viruses Used in the Review of Applied Mycology. Review of Applied Mycology Supplement 35 Hopper BE, Cairns EJ (1959) Taxonomic Keys to Plant, Soil and Aquatic Nematodes. Alabama Polytechnic Institute, Auburn, AL Horsfall JG (1956) Principles of Fungicidal Action. Chronica Botanica Company, Waltham, MA Horsfall JG, Dimond AE (eds) (1959, 1960) Plant Pathology, An Advanced Treatise. 3 volumes. Academic Press, New York Horsfall JG, Lukens RJ (1966) Selectivity of Fungicides. Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station. Bulletin 676 Horst RK (1977 and 2007) Viroid. McGraw-Hill Yearbook Science and Technology. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York — (1983) Compendium of Rose Diseases (1st edn). APS Press, St. Paul, MN, pp 72 — (2003) Diseases: Overview, in Encyclopedia of Rose Science in 3 volumes, 1800 pp 1170 Selected Bibliography

— (2007) Cynthia Westcott, The Plant Doctor, in Pioneer Women in Plant Pathology. APS Press, St. Paul, MN, 352 pp Horst RK, Cloyd R (2007) Compendium of Rose Diseases, Insects and Mites, 2nd edn. APSPress,St.Paul,MN,83pp Horst RK, Nelson PE (1997) Compendium of Chrysanthemum Diseases. APS Press, St. Paul, MN, 88 pp Horst RK, Dimock AW (1977) Diseases of Bearded Irises. NYSAES Bulletin 128 Horst RK, Nelson PE (1975) Diseases of Chrysanthemums. NYSAES Bulletin 85 Hough WS, Freeman Mason A (1951) Spraying, Dusting and Fumigating of Plants. Rev. ed. The MacMillan Company, New York Howard FL, Rowell JB, Keil HL (1951) Fungus Diseases of Turf Grasses. Rhode Island Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 308 Hubert FP (1951) Common names of diseases of woody plants. Plant Disease Report Supplement 206:206Ð235 Hutchinson MT (1959) Crop rustling nematodes cost $15 million yearly. New Jersey Agriculture 41(1):9Ð12 Hutchinson MT et al (1961) Plant Parasitic Nematodes of New Jersey. New Jersey Agri- cultural Experiment Station Bulletin 796 Irons F (1967) Hand Sprayers and Dusters. USDA Home and Garden Bulletin 63 Jenkins AE (1947) A specific term for diseases caused by Elsinoe and Sphaceloma. Plant Disease Report 31:71 Jenkins WR, Taylor DP (1967) Plant Nematology. Reinhold Publishing Corporation, New York Jenkins WR, Taylor DP, Rhode RA, Coursen BW (1957) Nematodes Associated with Crop Plants in Maryland. University of Maryland Bulletin A-89 Johnson HW, Chamberlain DW, Lehman SG (1954) Diseases of Soybeans and Methods of Control. USDA Circular 931 Klass C, Snover-Clift K (2008) Pest Management Around the Home. Cornell Misc Bul 574 http://pmguidelines.org/Home/ Klotz LJ (1961) Color Handbook of Citrus Diseases, 3rd edn. University of California, Division of Agricultural Sciences, Berkeley, CA Koltunow AM, Rezaian MA (1989) A scheme for viroid classification. Intervirology 30:194Ð201 Kreitlow KW, Juska FV (1967). Lawn diseases. USDA Home and Garden Bulletin 61 Lapage SP, Sneath PHA, Lissel EF, Skerman VBD, Seelizer HPR, Clark WA (1992) Intern. Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (1970 Revision). American Society for Microbiol. Washington, DC Large EC (1940) The Advance of the Fungi. Henry Holt and Company, New York (Paperback, Dover Publishing, Inc., New York 1962) Lawrence FP, Brogden JE (1955) Control of Insects and Diseases of Dooryard Citrus Trees. University of Florida Agricultural Extension Service Circular 139 Leach JG (1940) Insect Transmission of Plant Diseases. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York Selected Bibliography 1171

Lentz PL (1955) Stereum and Allied Genera of Fungi in the Upper Mississippi Valley. USDA monograph 24 Leukel RW, Tapke VG (1954) Cereal Smuts and Their Control. USDA Farmers Bulletin 2069 Linde M, Shishkoff N (2003) Fungi: Powdery Mildew. In: Encyclopedia of Rose Sci- ence, in 3 volumes, 1800 pp Lowe JL (1957) Polyporaceae of North America; the genus Fomes. NYS College of Forestry Technical Publication 80 Mai WF, Harrison MB (1959) The Golden Nematode. Cornell Extension Bulletin 870 Maramorosch K (1965) reporter. A new system of classifying viruses proposed by the International Provisional Virus Nomenclature Committee. Phytopathology 55:1158 Maramorosch K, Shikata E, Granapos RR (1968) Mycoplasma-like bodies in leathop- pers and diseased plants. Phytopathology 58:886 Marshall RP (1942) Care of Damaged Shade Trees. USDA Farmers Bulletin 1896 Marshall RP, Waterman AM (1948) Common Diseases of Important Shade Trees. USA Farmers Bulletin 1987 Martelli GP (1992) Classification and nomenclature of plant viruses: state of the art. Plant Disease 76:436Ð442 Martin GW (1950) Outline of the Fungi. W. C. Brown Co., Dubuque, IA — (1955) Are fungi plants? Mycologia 47:779Ð792 — (1961) Key to the Families of Fungi. In: A Dictionary of the Fungi, 5th edn. pp 497Ð519 May C (1961) Diseases of Shade and Ornamental Maples. USDA Handbook 211 — (1965) Rusts of Juniper, flowering crabapple and hawthorn. American Horticultural Magazine 44:29Ð32 Mayo MA, Horzinek M (1998) A revised version of the international code of virus clas- sification and nomenclature. Archives Virology 143:1645Ð1654 McFadden LA (1961) Palm diseases. Am Horticult Mag 40:148Ð150 McGrew JR (1966) Strawberry Diseases. USDA Farmers Bulletin 2140 Meister RT (ed) (1967) Farm Chemicals; 1967 Handbook. Meister Publishing Company, Willoughby, OH (Revised each year) Melhus IE, Kent GC (1939) Elements of Plant Pathology. The MacMillan Company, New York Miller HN (1955) Investigations with Antibiotics for Control of Bacterial Diseases of Foliage Plants. Florida Agricultural Experiment Station. J Series 420 Mills WD, Laplante AA (1954) Diseases and Insects in the Orchard. Cornell Extension Bulletin 711 Moore AE (1957) Bibliography of Forest Disease Research in the Department of Agri- culture Miscellaneous Publications 725 Moore WC (1939) Diseases of bulbs. Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries (Great Britain) Bulletin 117 Murphy FA, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, Ghabrial SA, Jarivs AW, Martelli GP, Mayo MA, Summers MD (1995) Virus taxonomy, classification and nomenclature of 1172 Selected Bibliography

viruses. 6th Report of International Committee for the Taxonomy of Viruses, Archives of Virology, Supplement 10, 596 pp National Research Council, Subcommittee on Plant Pathogens, Agricultural Board (1969) Plant Disease Development and Control. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC Nelson R (1948) Diseases of gladiolus. Michigan Agricultural Station Special Bulletin 350 Nienstaedt H, Graves AH (1955) Blight Resistant Chestnuts. Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Circular 192 Noble M, de Tempe J, Neergaard P (1958) An Annotated List of Seed-borne Diseases. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey, England Osborn MR, Philips AM, Pierce WC (1954) Insects and Diseases of the Pecan and Their Control. USDA Farmers Bulletin 1829 Parker KG, Fisher EG, Mills WD (1956) Fire Blight on Pome Fruits and its Control. Cornell Extension Bulletin 966 Parris GK (1952) Diseases of Watermelons. Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 491 Pirone PP (1959) Tree Maintenance, 3rd edn. Oxford University Press, New York Pirone PP (1970) Diseases and Pests of Ornamental Plants, 4th edn. The Ronald Press Company, New York Pirone PP, Dodge BO, Rickett, HW (1960) Diseases and Pests of Ornamental Plants. The Ronald Press Company, New York (This is the 3rd edn. of Dodge and Rickett’s book of the same name.) Plakidas AG (1964) Strawberry Diseases. Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge, LA Pyenson LL (1951) Elements of Plant Protection. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York — (1964) Keep your Garden Healthy. E. P. Dutton & Co., Inc., New York Reed LB, Doolittle SP (1967) Insects and Diseases of Vegetables in the Home Garden. USDA Home Garden Bulletin 46 Roberts DA, Boothroyd CW (1972) Fundamentals of Plant Pathology. W. H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco, CA Rogers DP (1943) The genus Pellicularia (Thelephoraceae). Farlowia I(1):95Ð118 Rohde RA, Jenkins WR (1958) Basis for Resistance of Asparagus officinalis var. altilis L. to the Stubby-root Nematode Trichodorus christiei Allen. Technical University of Maryland Bulletin A-97 Salmon ES (1900) A Monograph of the Erysiphaceae. Mem. Torrey Bot Club 9:1Ð292 Sasser JN (1954) Identification and Host-parasite Relationships of Certain Root-knot Nematodes. Univ MD Agr Exp Sta Tech Bul A-77 Sasser JN, Cairns EJ (eds) (1958) Plant Nematology Notes, from Workshops, 1954 and 1955. Southern Regional Nematode Project (S-19), 2nd edn. Sasser JN, Jenkins WR (eds) (1960) Nematology, Fundamentals and Recent Advances with Emphasis on Plant Parasitic and Soil Forms. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC Selected Bibliography 1173

Scharpf RF, Hawksworth FG (1974) Mistletoes on hardwoods in the United States. USDA Forest Pest Leaflet 147 Schindler AF (1957) Parasitism and pathogenicity of Xiphinema diversicaudatum, an ectoparasitic nematode. Nematologica 2(1):25Ð31 Schroth MN, Hildebrand DC (1968) A chemotherapeutic treatment for selectively erad- icating crown gall and olive knot neoplasms. Phytopathology 58:848Ð854 Seaver FJ (1928, 1942) The North American Cup-fungi (operculates). Published by the author, New York. (Now available from Hafner Publishing Company) Seymour AB (1929) Host Index of the Fungi of North America. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA Sharvelle EG (1961) The Nature and Uses of Modern Fungicides. Burgess Publishing Company, Minneapolis, MN Shattock RC (2003) Fungi: Rust, in Encyclopedia of Rose Science, in 3 volumes, 1800 pp Sher SA, Allen MW (1953) Revision of the genus Pratylenchus (Nematoda, Tylenchi- dae). University of California Public Zoology 57(6):441Ð470 Shurtleff MC (1966) How to Control Plant Diseases in Homes and Gardens, 2nd edn. IA State University Press, Ames, IA Sinclair JB (ed) (1968) Fungicide-Nematicide TestsÐResults of 1967. American Phy- topathological Society Smith KM (1957) A Textbook of Plant Virus Diseases, 2nd edn. Little, Brown and Com- pany, Boston, MA — (1968) Plant Viruses, 4th edn. Methuen & Co., Ltd., London Smith RE (1940) Diseases of Flowers and Other Ornamentals. California Agricultural Extension Circular 118 — (1940) Diseases of Truck Crops. California Agricultural Extension Circular 119 — (1941) Diseases of Fruits and Nuts. California Agricultural Extension Circular 120 Snyder WC, Hansen HH (1954) The Species Concept in Fusarium. American Journal of Botany 27:64Ð67, 1940 and 32:657Ð665, 1945. Annual New York Academy if Science 60:6Ð23 1954 Spears, Joseph F (1969) The Golden Nematode Handbook. USDA Handbook 353 Spethmann W, Otto G (2003) Pests: Nematodes, in Encyclopedia of Rose Science in 3 volumes, 1800 pp Sprague HB (ed) (1964) Hunger Signs in Crops, 3rd edn. David McKay Co., Inc., New York Sprague R (1950) Diseases of Cereals and Grasses in North America. The Ronald Press Company, New York Stakman EC, Harrar JG (1957) Principles of Plant Pathology. The Ronald Press Compa- ny, New York Steiner G (1956) Plant Nematodes the Grower Should Know. Florida Depertment of Agriculture Bulletin 131 Stevens FL (1925) Plant Disease Fungi. The Macmillan Company, New York Stevens FL, Hall JG (1933) Diseases of Economic Plants. The Macmillan Company, New York 1174 Selected Bibliography

Stevens NE, Stevens RB (1952) Disease in Plants. Chronica Botanica Company, Waltham, MA Streets RB (1937) Phymatotrichum (cotton or Texas) Root Rot in Arizona. University of Arizona Technical Bulletin 71 Strong FC (1957) Nature and control of anthracnose of shade trees. Arborists News 22(5):33Ð39 Suit RF (1949) Parasitic Diseases of Citrus in Florida. Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 463 Szyndel MS (2003) Viruses, in Encyclopedia of Rose Science, in 3 volumes, 1800 pp Tarjan AC (1960) Check List of Plant and Soil Nematodes. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, FL Taylor AL, Dropkin VH, Martin GC (1955) Perineal patterns of root-knot nematodes. Phytopathology 45:26Ð34 Thorne G (1961) Principles of Nematology. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York — (1949) On the classification of the Tylenchida, new order (Nematoda, Phasmidia). Proc Helm Soc WA 16:37Ð73 Torgenseon DC, Young RA, Milbrath JA (1954) Phytophthora Root Rot Diseases of Lawson Cypress and Other Ornamentals. Oregon Experiment Station Bulletin 537 Toussoun TA, Nelson PE (1968) A Pictorial Guide to the Identification of Fusarium Species. The Pennsylvania State Univ. Press, University Park and London United States Department of Agriculture (1949) Trees. The Yearbook of Agriculture. Washington, DC — (1954) Plant Diseases. The Yearbook of Agriculture — (1957) Soil. The Yearbook of Agriculture — (1960) Index of Plant Diseases in the United States. Agriculture Handbook 165 — (1966) Index of Plant Virus Diseases. Agriculture Handbook 307 — (1951) Virus Diseases and Other Disorders with Virus-like Symptoms of Stone Fruits in North America. Agriculture Handbook 10 — (1966) Power Sprayers and Dusters. Farmers Bulletin 2223 Van Regenmortel MHV (1989) Applying the species concept to plant viruses. Archives Virology 104:1Ð17 — (1990) Virus species, a much overlooked but essential concept to plant viruses. Inter- virology 31:241Ð254 — (1999) How to write the names of virus species. Archives Virology 144:1041Ð1042 van Regenmortel MHV, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, Carstens EB, Estes MK, Lemon SM, Maniloff J, Mayo MA, McGeoch DJ, Prigle CR, Wickner RB (2000) Virus Taxonomy. Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses. 7th Report of the Interna- tional Committee for the Taxonomy of Viruses. Academic Press, San Diego, San Francisco, New York, Boston, London, Sydney, Tokio, p 1121 Walker JC (1952) Diseases of Vegetable Crops. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York — (1957) Plant Pathology, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York Walker JC, Larson RH (1961) Onion Diseases. USDA Agriculture Handbook 208 Selected Bibliography 1175

Weiss, Freeman (1940) Ovulinia, a new generic segregate from Sclerotinia. Phytopathol- ogy 30:236Ð244 — (1945) Viruses described primarily on leguminous vegetables and forage crops. Plant Disease Reporter Supplement 155:82Ð140 — (1945) Viruses, virus diseases and similar maladies on potatoes, Solanum tuberosum. Plant Disease Reporter Supplement 155:82Ð140 Welch DS, Matthysse JG (1955) Control of the Dutch Elm Disease in New York State, Cornell Extension Bulletin 932 Westcott C (1953) Garden Enemies. D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., Princeton, NJ — (1961) Are You Your Garden’s Worst Pest? Doubleday and Company, Inc., New York — (1964) The Gardener’s Bug Book. 3rd edn. Doubleday and Company — (1965) Anyone Can Grow Roses, 4th edn. D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc Westcott C, Walker JT (eds) (1966) Handbook on Garden Pests. Brooklyn Botanic Gar- den, Brooklyn, NY Whetzel HH (1945) A synopsis of the genera and species of the Sclerotiniaceae, a family of stromatic inoperculate Discomycetes. Mycologia 37:648Ð714 Wolf FA, Wolf FT (1947) The Fungi. Vols. I, II. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York Xu, X, Pettitt T (2003) Fungi: Downy Mildew, in Encyclopedia of Rose Science, in 3 volumes, 1800 pp Zaumeyer WJ, Thomas HR (1958) Bean Diseases and Their Control. USDA Farmers Bulletin Dept. of Botany 1692 Zundel GL (1953) The Ustilaginales of the World. Dept. Botany, Penn State College Contribution 176

Let me repeat that the references cited are a mere sampling of the vast amount of material published on plant diseases. Most plant pathologists will have access to the Plant Disease Reporter, Plant Disease, Phytopatholo- gy, Review of Applied Mycology, Mycologia, Biological Abstracts, Journal of Economic Entomology, Agricultural Chemicals, NAC News, Arborists’ News, Proceedings of the International Shade Tree Conference, and other technical publications. Gardeners will find information on plant diseases in the publications of single plant societies, such as the American Camellia Society and the American Rose Society. State agricultural experiment sta- tions have a wealth of material. Government publications are available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Wash- ington, DC 20402 http://www.gpo.gov/su_docs/index.html. Index

Abelia 703 Acremonium 456 Latent Tymovirus 602 (Cephalosporium) 681 Leaf Spot 310 crotocinigenum 1101 Abelia Latent 703 diospyri 681 Abutilon typhinum 889 (Flowering Maple, Indian Mallow, Vel- Acremonium sp. 456, 960, 1133 vet Leaf) 703 Acroconidiella escholtziae 333 Infectious Variegation 602, 704, 931 Acroptilon repens (Knapweed, Rus- Mosaic 1070 sian) 705 Mosaic Bigeminivirus 602 Acrospermaceae 54 Yellows 704 Actinomeris (Yellow Ironweed) 705 Acacia 704 Actinomycosis 575 (Koa Tree) 704 Actinopelte dryina 303, 731, 794, 850, Acalypha 953, 980, 1099, 1118 (Copper-Leaf) 705 Actinothyrium 303 Downy Mildew 280 gloeosporioides 303, 1064 Acantharia echinata 980 Adelopus Acanthopanax (Five-Leaf Aralia) 705 gäumannii 375, 838 Acanthorhynchus vaccinii 455, 817 Needle Cast 375 Acanthostigma parasiticum 860 nudus 860 Acanthus 705 Adoxa (Musk-Root) 706 Achimenes sp. 705 Aecidium 535 Achrotelium 535 aesculi 910 lucumae 535, 944 anograe 982 Acid Scab 575 arcularium 761 Acidity, Excess 414 avocense 535 Acidovorax batesii 1056 avenae 112, 813, 959, 1087, 1133 betheli 1134 avenae (syn. Pseudomonas ave- campanulastri 776 nae) 924 cannonii 864, 982 avenae subsp. avenae 1008 columbiense 894 avenae subsp. citrulli 112 conspersum 536 cattleyae 112 cyrillae 826 1178 Index

hesleri 941 976, 979, 997, 1000, 1004, 1007, insulum 810 1009, 1013, 1016, 1026, 1028, lycii 946 1030, 1038, 1041, 1042, 1045, mexicanum 802 1048, 1050, 1051, 1055, 1056, mirabilis 864 1073, 1074, 1094, 1100, 1108, modestum 951 1110, 1119, 1125, 1130, 1135, physalidis 890 1136, 1139, 1141, color plate 7 plenum 1037 Agropyron Mosaic 889 renatum 963 Ailanthus (Tree-of-Heaven) 708 residuum 757 Air Pollution 414, 1043 rubromaculans 536, 1126 Air Pollution Injury 800, 1015 subsimulans 1059 Akee Tree (Blighia sapida) 709 tracyanum 840 Albuginaceae 49 triostei 910 Albugo Aecidium sp. 908, 939 (Cystopus) 679 Aegopodium (Bishop’s Weed) 706 bliti 679, 713, 749, 876 Aeschynomene (Northern Joint- candida 679, 725, 730, 768, 777, 796, Vetch) 706 839, 901, 911, 1013, 1043, 1120, Aesehynanthus 706 1129, 1132, 1138 African Daisy (Arctotis) (Gerbera froelichiae 866 jamesonii) 706 ipomoeae-panduratae 680, 826, 922, African Violet (Saintpaulia) 707 968, 969, 1102 Agapanthus (African-Lily) 707 occidentalis 680, 1082 Agaricaceae 61 platensis 680, 710, 864, 1081, 1121 Agastache (Giant-Hyssop) 707 portulacae 680, 1033 Ageratum 708 tragopogonis 680, 706, 729, 789, Aglaospora anomala 942 802, 852, 957, 1061, 1067, 1098, Agrimony (Agrimonia) 708 1107 Agrobacterium trianthemi 1069 pseudotsugae 837 Albugo sp. 934 Radiobacter 26 Albutilon rhizogenes 98, 718, 730, 753, 815, Yellows Closterovirus 603 832, 842, 905Ð907, 972, 1000, Alder 1007, 1041, 1045, 1051, 1075, (Alnus) 709 1083, 1110 Powdery Mildew 442 rubi 98, 753, 832, 1045 Aleurodiscus 224 tumefaciens 98, 711, 718, 723, 726, acerina 224 733, 734, 736, 748, 750, 753, 756, acerinus 939, 953, 980 769, 770, 774, 775, 780, 784, 786, aceris 794 790, 791, 800, 803, 806, 808, 825, amorphus 224, 726, 860, 930, 1020, 826, 829, 832, 835, 842, 849, 850, 1083 858, 859, 864, 870, 882, 895, 901, candidus 902, 980 902, 907, 908, 911, 916, 922Ð924, griseo-canus 939, 980 926, 936, 940, 953, 955, 962, 969, nivosus 726, 790, 925 Index 1179

oakesii 224, 751, 909, 980 Alternaria 150, 218, 303, 456, 1048 spinulosus 930 alternata 150, 303, 456, 711, 771, werii 930 896, 945, 978, 999, 1112, 1131, Aleurodiscus spp. 731, 838, 908 1144 Alfalfa angustiovoidea 303, 1085 arborescens 711, 896, 1130 Dwarf 884 Blight 151Ð153 Mosaic 713, 745, 783, 808, 990, 996, brassicae 303, 767, 796, 911, 973, 1029, 1035, 1095, 1098, 1121 1043, 1119 Mosaic Alfamovirus 603 brassicae var. microspora 1052 Alfamovirus 70 brassicicola 303, 304, 767, 1108 Algal Spot 308 cassiae 150, 783, 819 Algerian Navel Orange 805 catalpae 304, 785 Alkali Injury 415 chrysanthemi 304, 802, 1107 Alkalinity 415 citri 304, 456, 723, 803, 804, 891, Allamanda 710 929, 991 Alliaria (Garlic Mustard) 710 citri var. cerasi 792 Alligatorweed consortiale 821 Stunting Closterovirus 603 crassa 828 Allionia (Trailing Four-O’Clock) 710 cucumerina 151, 821, 960, 1086, 1133 Allium altaicum 986 dauci 151, 782, 996 Allium pskemense 986 dauci f. sp. solani 872 Allium vavilovii 986 dianthi 780, 833, 946 Allspice dianthicola 152 (Pimenta) 710 fasciculata 304, 1054 Almond helianthi 152, 1097 (Prunus amygdalus) 711 iridicola 918 Bud Failure 603, 711 lancipes 1037 Calico 603, 711 leucanthemi 304 Flowering (Prunus triloba) 712 longipes 304, 978 Scab 571 mali 456, 721, 1041 Aloe 712 nelumbii 944 Alpakesa yuccifolia 344 oleracea 304, 796, 906, 911, 1043, 1066, 1119 Alphacryptovirus 70 oleraceae 767 Alstroemeria 712 panax 152, 304, 725, 834, 874, 1065, mosaic 712 1119 Mosaic Potyvirus and Alstromeria passiflorae 304, 998 Streak Potyvirus 603 polypodii 304, 857 streak 712 porri 218, 985, 1069 Alternanthera 712 radicina 456, 782, 1086 Mosaic 862, 969, 1071 raphani 305, 1043, 1091, 1119 Mosaic Potexvirus 603 Rot 456 1180 Index

saponariae 1076 Wild (Nothoscordum bivalve; scorzonerae 214 N. inodorum) 713 sesami 1068 Amelanchier (Serviceberry, Juneber- solani 152, 456, 796, 841, 890, 923, ry) 714 1033, 1110 American Dagger Nematode 411 sonchi 305 American Gooseberry Mildew 451 spinaciae 1082 American Hornbean Leaf Curl 295 stemphylioides 992 Amerosporium 305 tagetica 153, 305, 956 trichellum 305, 920 tennis 985 Amorpha (Leadplant, Indigobush) 714 tenuis 305, 720, 737, 768, 782, 805, Ampelopsis 821, 859, 901, 948, 982, 1018, (A. cordata and other species) 715 1061, 1086, 1104, 1119, 1143 Amphiporthe tenuissima 153, 305, 711, 756, 896, aculeans 233 985, 1024, 1131 castanae 233 tomato 305, 1112 Amphisphaeriaceae 55 violae 995, 1127 Amphobotrys 225, 457 zinniae 153, 456, 708, 1097, 1144 ricini 225 Alternaria Blight 151 Amphobotrys ricini 457, 1029, 1086, Alternaria sp. 305, 457, 703, 705, 721, 1107 723, 725, 726, 732, 734, 737, 748, Amsonia 715 754, 756, 757, 759, 771, 773, 774, Anabaena cycadeae 1143 777, 784, 787, 792, 794, 800, 808, Anabaena cycadearum 824 809, 812, 818, 823, 826, 846, 852, Anaphalis (Pearl Everlasting) 715 859, 864, 871, 880, 884, 911, 927Ð Anchusa (Buglos, Alkanet) 715 929, 934, 939, 942, 945, 950, 953, Andromeda (Bog-Rosemary) 715 957, 964, 965, 968, 970, 983, 991, Aneilema Mosaic 811 993, 997, 999, 1003, 1006, 1009, Anemone 1014, 1027, 1030, 1038, 1046, 1050, (Cultivated forms, Japanese) 716 1052, 1056, 1065, 1075, 1078, 1079, (Native Species) 716 1082, 1087, 1090, 1100, 1101, 1112, Angelica 717 1115, 1120, 1126, 1131, 1132, 1134, Angelonia 1138, 1142 Flower 1017 Alternaria spp. 744, 800, 875, 905, 960, Flower Break Carmovirus 1123, 1124 1012, 1058 Angelonia (Angelonia angustifolia) 717 Alternariosis 153 Angiospora 536 Aluminum Toxicity 415 Anguina 385 Alyssum agrostis 385, 887 (Goldentuft, Yellowtuft) 712 balsamophila 385, 739 Amaranthus (Love-Lies-Bleeding, graminis 385 Princes-Feather, Joseph-Coat, Spiny tritici 386 Amaranth) 713 Angular Amaryllis Leaf Spot 112, 115, 117, 124, 172, (includes Hippeastrum) 713 197, 198, 334, 340 Index 1181

Anise tiliae 84 (Pimpinella anisum) 717 veneta 84 Anise-Tree Apioplagiostoma populi 1031 (Illicium floridanum) 717 Apioporthe 225 Anisogramma anomala 225, 895 anomala 225, 895 Annellophora 305 apiospora 225, 844 phoenicis 305, 991 Apiosporina 134, 139 Anoda 717 collinsii 139, 714 Anther Smut 591 morbosa 134 Anthracnose 87Ð91, 96, 327 Apiosporium Anthriscus (Chervil) 718 pinophilum 924 Anthurium 718 Aplopsora 536 Antidesma (Chinese-Laurel) 718 nyssae 536, 1119 Aphanomyces 457 Aposphaeria cladogamus 457, 995, 1082, 1112 fuscomaculans 261 cochlioides 457, 749 Apostrasseria euteiches 457, 787, 999, 1084, 1101 (Ceuthospora) 466 eutiches 745, 959 lunata 466 raphani 458, 768, 796, 906, 973, Appendiculella 1043, 1066 araliae 141 Aphanomyces sp. 1012 calostroma 141 Aphelandra (Zebra plant) 718 perseae 141 Aphelenchoides 386 Apple besseyi 386, 1056, 1093 (Malus sylvestris) 718 fragariae 386, 716, 724, 738, 750, Blotch 221 759, 771, 809, 824, 845, 854Ð857, Canker 266, 267 901, 911, 929, 937, 946, 968, 974, Chlorotic Leaf Spot 722, 1006 1016, 1021, 1032, 1038, 1058, Chlorotic Leaf Spot Trichovirus 604 1073, 1093 Dapple 604 parietinus 387, 918, 964 Green Mottle 604 ritzemabosi 387, 389, 707, 716, 735, Mosaic 722, 896, 1006, 1054, 1094 800, 826, 881, 945, 964, 1010, Mosaic Ilarvirus 604 1067, 1144, color plates 11, 12 Rot 114 subtenuis 389, 974 Scab 576 tagetae 956 Stem Grooving Capillovirus 604 Aphelenchoides sp. 776, 818, 837, 871, Stem Growing 722 914, 1003 Stem-Pitting 604 Aphelenchoides spp. 1053 Apple-Of-Peru Aphelenchus (Nicandra) 722 agricola 716 Apricot avenae 974 (Prunus armeniaca) 723 Apical Leaf Roll 1035 Gummosis 605, 724 Apiognomonia 84 Pucker Leaf 724 errabunda 84 Ring Pox 605, 724, 1027 1182 Index

Aquathanatephorus pendulus 1132 vaginatum subsp. cryptopodum 371, Aquatic 1020 Plants (Caboriaba sp., Limnophila sp., vaginatum subsp. vaginatum 1020 Replis diandra, and Potamogeton Arctotis 727 sp.) 724 Ardisia 727 Arabidopsis 725 Argyreia 727 Arabis Aristastoma 306 (Rock-Cress) 724 oeconomicum 306, 744 Mosaic 725, 912 Aristastoma sp. 306, 831 Mosaic Nepovirus 605 Arizona Purple Top Wilt 133 Aralia Armeria (Sea-Pink, Thrift) 727 Hercules Club (Aralia spinosa) 725 Armillaria 458 Ming (Polyscias) 725 (Clitocybe) 467 Sarsaparilla, American Spikenard gallsia 828 (Aralia hispida, A. nudicaulis, mellae 730 A. racemosa) 725 mellea 458, 700, 704, 708, 710Ð713, Scab 600 721, 724, 726, 732, 737, 738, Udo (Aralia cordata) 726 741, 748, 750, 752, 754, 758, 760, Araucaria 762, 770, 773, 774, 777, 778, 780, (Monkey-Puzzle, Norfolk-Island- 784Ð786, 790, 791, 793, 794, 797, Pine) 726 804, 815, 817, 818, 823, 826, 831, 832, 836Ð838, 845, 850, 859, 861, Branch Blight 169, 213 866, 871, 875, 881, 884, 892, 895, Arborvitae 896, 898, 903, 907Ð910, 914Ð916, (Thuja) 726 921, 930, 931, 933, 937, 942, 944, Blight 165 945, 954, 963, 970Ð972, 975, 977, Leaf Blight 174 981, 984, 992, 998, 1001, 1006, Arceuthobium 1008, 1010, 1014, 1018, 1021, (Dwarf Mistletoe) 370 1025, 1027, 1031, 1035, 1039, abietinum 898 1040, 1046, 1049Ð1051, 1053, americanum 370, 861, 1020 1064, 1068, 1084, 1094, 1096, campylopodium 861, 898, 1084 1097, 1100, 1117, 1131, 1134, campylopodum 370, 930, 1020 1137, 1140, 1142 cyanocarpum 370, 898, 1020 tabescens 467, 992 douglasii 370, 838, 861 Armillariella duglasiana 1020 mellea 925 gilli 1020 Arnica 727 herrarie 1020 Arrow-Arum (Peltandra) 728 hondurense 1020 Arrowhead (Sagittaria) 728 laricis 370, 861, 898 Arrowroot (Maranta) 728 occidentale 370, 1020 Arsenical Injury 416, 723 pusillum 371, 930, 1084 Artemisia 1106 tsugense 371, 898 Artemisia (Wormwood) 728 vaginatum 1020, 1084 Arthrocladiella mongeotii 946 Index 1183

Arthuriomyces compositarum 307, 734, 851, 880, (Gymnoconia) 545 1071, 1097 peckianus 545 confusa 1072 Artichoke cornicola 307, 836 (Globe) Curly Dwarf Potexvirus 605 cycadina 824 Curly Dwarf 729 cypripedii 307 Globe (Cynara scolymus) 729 desmazieri 886 Jerusalem (Helianthus tuberosus) 729 dianthi 833 Latent 729 elymi 886 Latent Potyvirus 605 fabae f. sp. spiricia 153 Articularia quercina var. minor 982 fabae f. sp. vicia 1125 Artillery Plant, Aluminum Plant fremontiae 865 (Pilea) 729 garrettiana 989 Artocarpus (Breadfruit) 730 graminae 886 Arugula (Eruca sativa) 730 graminicola 886 Arundo (Giant Reed) 730 hanseni 948 Aschochyta hordei 886 brachypodii 306 hydrangeae 913 hydrophylli 914 Ascocalyx abietina 262 infuscans 1044 Ascochyta 153, 306, 460 iridis 918 abelmoschi 306, 983, 1055 juglandis 307, 1130 achlyicola 1122 lathyri 1100 actaeae 740, 801 ledi 932 agropyrina 886 leonuri 969 althaeina 306, 905 lophanthi 707, 1132 aquilegiae 810, 829 lycopersici 307, 841, 923, 1034, 1110 armoraciae 306 majalis 938 asparagina 153, 732 marginata 725 aspidistrae 306, 733 negundinis 759 asteris 306, 734 nepetae 785 Blight 153, 307 oxybaphi 710, 1121 boerhaaviae 1081 paulowniae 998 bohemica 776 penstemonis 1009 boltshauseri 306, 744, 746 petuniae 1015 brachypodii 758, 916 phaseolorum 307, 744 capsici 1011 philadelphi 966 caricae 859 phlogis var. phlogina 1016 cassandrae 790 piniperda 153, 1083 cephalanthi 766 pinodella 153, 999 cheiranthi 306 pinodes 153, 460 chrysanthemi 153, 800 pirina 798 clematidina 306, 806 pisi 153, 307, 999 clematidina f. sp. thalictri 958 plumbaginicola 1090 1184 Index

primulae 1038 Florists’ Smilax (Asparagus radiei 795 asparagoides) 733 Ray Blight 153, 154 Rust 560 rhei 1050 Sprenger (Asparagus sprengeri) 733 rhodotypi 923 Asparagus Tree Fern (Asparagus virga- salicis 1137 tus) 733 sambucina 843 Aspergillus 461, 1079 silenes 1070 alliaceus 461, 769, 770 sorghi 886 chevalieri 1008 symphoricarpophila 1075 fischeri 871 thaspii 1144 flavus 945 treleasei 919 foetidus 803 utahensis 886 fumigatus 461, 749 veratrina 1123 niger 461, 721, 783, 859, 883, 884, verbenae 1124 945, 986, 992, 1001, 1004, 1030, versicolor 874 1035, 1063 violae 1127 niger var. floridanus 461, 839 violicola 1127 Aspergillus sp. 1006 wisconsina 843 Aspergillus spp. 461, 804, 975, 1102, Ascochyta sp. 732, 753, 821, 871, 896, 1112, 1116 945, 1003, 1007, 1043, 1086, 1092, Asperisporium caricae 995 1100, 1115 Aspidistra 733 Ascocorticiaceae 57 Leaf Spot 306 Ascomycota 51 Aster Ascospora 225 China (Callistephus) 733 ruborum 225, 754, 832, 1045 Chlorotic Stunt 735 Ash Chlorotic Stunt Carlavirus 606 (Fraxinus) 730 Mosaic 735 Canker 241 Perennial (Aster spp.) 734 Leaf Spot 337, 338, 341, 342 Ring Spot 606, 1012 Moraine (Fraxinus holotriocha) 732 Wilt 688 Ring Spot 731 Yellows 130, 713, 716, 733, 751, Ring Spot = Arabis Mosaic 765, 771, 773, 776, 778, 780, 782, Nepovirus 605 788, 796, 800, 801, 805, 812, 815, Rust 565 826, 827, 834, 840, 846Ð848, 867, Witches’ Broom 605, 730 875, 877, 879, 892, 893, 897, 933, Yellows 130, 937 939, 955, 973, 977, 984, 996, 997, Ashy 1003, 1015, 1016, 1033, 1040, Stem Blight 185, 211, 493 1056, 1061, 1065, 1069, 1081, Asparagus 1086, 1091, 1092, 1095, 1098, (Asparagus officinalis) 732 1108, 1110, 1126, 1144 1 Potyvirus 606 Yellows Phytoplasma 767 2 Ilarvirus 606 Yellows, Clover Proliferation 985 Fern (Asparagus plumosus) 732 Asterella paupercula 922 Index 1185

Asteria celastri 753 Astilbe 735 Asteridiella manca 141 Astragalus 735 Asteridium lepidigenum 140 Athelia rolfsii 190 Asterina 139 Atropellis 225 anomala 140, 772 apiculata 225 asterophora 831 arizonica 225, 1019 bignoniae 751 pinicola 226, 1019 caricarum 995 piniphila 226, 1019 clavuligera 715 tingens 226, 1019 conglobata 747 Atylenchus decalineatus 817 cupressina 924 Aubrietta 735 delitescens 140, 1047 Aucuba diplodioides 935 (Gold-Dust Tree) 735 diplopoides 140 Leaf Spot 345, 349 discoidea 831 Auerswaldia sp. 993 gaultheriae 140, 747 Aureobasidium 286 ilicis 903, 917 pullulans 286, 721 lepidigena 140, 947 Aureolaria lepidigenoides 779 grandiflora var. serrata 925 orbicularis 140 Auriculariaceae 60 pelliculosa 903 Autumn Crocus (Colchicum) 736 phoradendricola 965 Avocado purpurea 831 (Persea americana) 736 radians 779 3 Alphacryptovirus 606, 737 sabalicola 994 Blotch 218, 219 somatophora 781 Root Rot 509 Asterina orbicularis 903 Scab 601 Asterina sp. 1100 Sun Blotch 737 Asterinella 140 Sun Blotch Viroid 606 puiggarii 140, 850 Awl Nematode 393 Asternia Axillary Bud Proliferation 1143 oleina 984 Azalea Asteroma 308 (Rhododendron) 737 fraserae 811 Anthracnose 89 garretianum 308, 1038 Flower Spot 188 inconspicuum 327 Leaf Gall 290 solidaginis 308, 880 Leaf Scorch 300 tenerrimum 308 Azara 738 tenerrimum var. erythronii 849 Azoxystrobin 16 Asteromella (Stictochlorella) 308 Babiana 739 andrewsii 870 Bacillus lupini 308 polymyxa 1110 Asterostomella saccardoi 349 subtilis 16, 883 1186 Index

Bacteria 1163 Bamboo Bacterial Mosaic 740 Bean Blight 127, 129 Bamboo (Bambusa, Phyllostachys) 739 Blight 109, 114, 116Ð118, 122, 123, Banana 125, 126, 128, 129 Dwarf (Musa nana) 740 Canker 101, 117, 120 Shrub (Michelia figo) 740 Crown Rot 108 Baneberry, Cohosh (Actaea) 740 Knot 119 Baptisia (False Indigo) 741 Leaf Blight 112, 114 Barberry (Berberis) 741 Leaf Scorch 130 Bark and Cone Spot 345 Leaf Spot 112Ð118, 120, 123, 125, Bark Canker 229, 232, 239, 254, 126, 129 255, 257 Necrosis 106 Bark Patch 224, 263, 264 Pustule 124, 129 Barley 741 Ring Disease 115, 121 Yellow Dwarf 758, 814, 889, 916, Ring Rot 102 1104 Rot 114 Yellow Dwarf Luteovirus 606 Speck 120 Yellow Streak Mosaic 606 Spot 112, 113, 116, 121, 124, 127Ð Barren-Strawberry (Waldsteinia) 742 130 Barrenwort (Epimedium) 742 Stripe 112, 113 Basal 489 Wilt 101, 104, 110Ð112, 114, Canker 262 128, 130 Gall 292 Wilt of Bean 103 Rot 481, 482 wilting 122 Stem Rot 107, 463 Bactericide 11 Basidiomycota 58 Bacteriosis 124, 128 Basidiophora 275 Badhamia panicea 809 entospora 275, 734, 848, 879 Badnavirus 71 Basil (Ocimum) 742 Baeodromus 536 Bauhinia (Orchid-Tree, Mountain californicus 536, 1067 Ebony) 742 eupatorii 536 Bayberry (Myrica carolinensis) 742 Balansia 154 Bayberry Yellows 607, 743 cyperi 154, 979 Bean Bald Cypress (Taxodium) 739 Adzuki (Phaseolus angularis) 743 Baldhead 416, 744, 1079 Anthracnose 88, 94 Baldwin Spot 720 Asparagus, Yardlong (Vigna Balm (Melissa) 739 sesquipedalis) 746 Balsam Common Mosaic 745 Butt Rot 515, 517 Common Mosaic Necrosis 745 Fir Canker 224 Common Mosaic Potyvirus 607 Balsam-Apple, Balsam-Pear (Momordi- Faba (Vicia) 743 ca) 739 Golden Mosaic 704, 745 Balsam-Root (Balsamorhiza) 739 Halo Blight 118 Index 1187

Kidney, Lima (Phaseolus vulgaris, P. Curly Top Hybrigeminivirus 608 limensis) 743 Distortion Mosaic 749 Leaf Roll 795, 1000 Distortion Mosaic Virus 609 Leaf Roll Luteovirus 607 Downy Mildew 278, 279 Mosaic 745 Latent 749 Mosaic = Bean Common Mosaic Latent Virus 610 Potyvirus 607 Mosaic 749, 1104 Mung (Phaseolus aureus) 746 Mosaic Potyvirus 610 Phyllody 130, 745 Necrotic Yellow Vein 749 Pod Mottle 745, 1080 Necrotic Yellow Vein Pod Mottle Comovirus 607 Tobamovirus 610 Red Node 745 Pseudo-Yellows 749, 754, 1082, Rust 569 1087 Scarlet Runner (Phaseolus coc- Pseudo-Yellows Closterovirus 610 cineus) 746 Ring Mottle 610, 749, 1082 Southern Mosaic Sobemovirus 608 Rust 570 Tepary (Phaseolas acutifolius) 746 Savoy 610, 749 Urd (Vigna) 747 Scab 575 Yellow Dot 745 Soilborne 749 Yellow Mosaic 745, 865, 945, 1105, Soilborne Mosaic 749 1107, 1124, 1142 Western Yellows 749 Yellow Mosaic Potyvirus 608 Western Yellows Luteovirus 610 Yellow Mosaic Virus 1121 Western Yellows Virus 1066 Yellow Stipple 745 Yellow Net 749 Yellow Stipple = Cowpea Chlorotic Yellow Net Luteovirus 611 Mottle Bromovirus 608 Yellow Vein 749 Bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva- Yellows 749 ursi) 747 Yellows Closterovirus 611 Beauty-Bush (Kolkwitzia) 747 Beet (Beta vulgaris) 748 Beech (Fagus) 747 Beggarweed, Florida (Desmodium tortuo- Beet sum) 750 2 Alphacryptovirus 608, 749 Begomoviruses 951 Black Scorch 608, 749 Begonia 750 Curly Top 713, 734, 745, 746, 749, Bacteriosis 122, 123 768, 772, 781, 783, 787, 808, 812, Mildew 446 815, 822, 830, 833, 842, 864, 871, Bells-Of-Ireland (Molucella) 751 876, 877, 890, 900, 911, 923, 928, Belonolaimus 389 942, 950, 955, 960, 965, 975, 977, gracilis 389, 749, 767, 787, 846, 887, 978, 989, 995, 996, 1012, 1015, 934, 945, 985, 999, 1001, 1003, 1032, 1033, 1036, 1043, 1045, 1021, 1034, 1053, 1079, 1093, 1050, 1061, 1062, 1065, 1080, 1101 1082, 1087, 1091, 1095, 1102Ð longicaudatus 390, 767, 787, 836, 1104, 1112, 1120, 1128, 1134, 887, 949, 1003, 1034, 1079 1138, 1144 Benalaxyl 16 1188 Index

Beniowskia 154 Bird-Of-Paradise (Strelitzia) 752 sphaeroidea 154, 761, 928 Bischofia 752 Benzalkonium Chloride 26 Biscogniauxia marginata 254 Bermuda Grass Leaf Blotch 330, 332 Bishops-Cap (Mitella) 752 Betacryptovirus 71 Bispora sp. 756 Bidens Bitertanol 16 (Bur-Marigold) 751 Bitter Pit 416, 720, 896, 984, 1005 Mottle 611, 751, 945, 1013 Bitter Rot 468, 485, 486, 494 Mottle Potyvirus 611 Bittercress (Cardamine) 753 Bidens Mottle 708, 734, 743, 772, 830, Bittersweet (Celastrus) 753 867, 1015, 1057, 1092, 1095, 1098, Bixa (Annato-Tree) 753 1124, 1144 Black Bifusella 375 Bearberry (Arctous) 753 abietis 376, 861 Cane Rot 466 crepidiformis 1084 Crown Rot 464 faullii 376, 861 End 416, 720, 1005, 1131 linearis 376, 1020 Fruit Rot 462 saccata 376, 1020 Goo 196 striiformis 1020 Heart 416, 720, 749, 782, 787, 1034 Bigeminivirus 71 Knot 134, 136 Bignonia Leaf 326, 1005 (Crossvine) 751 Leaf Speck 364 Bigseed Alfalfa Dodder 274 Leaf Spot 303, 315, 328, 329, Bindweed, Field (Convolvulus) 751 339, 348 Biopolairs Line 1131 sacchari 855 Loose Smut 589 Bipolaris Mildew 140Ð143, 340 cactivora 489 Mold 151, 373, 461 cyanodontis 885 Nose 991 cynodontis 330 Patch 136 hawaiiensis 886 Pit 1008 heveae 1062 Pod Spot 198 iridis 187 Pox 287 sacchari 1104 Pustule 257 setariae 330, 780, 800, 871, 991Ð993, Raspberry Necrosis 1046 1053, 1074 Raspberry Witches’ Broom Phytoplas- sorokinearia 744 ma 1046 sorokiniana 330, 886, 1136 Root 417, 1093 Birch Rot 122, 123, 199, 200, 456, 462, (Betula) 751 466, 472, 488, 508, 509, 525, Leaf Rust 554 530, 533 Red Leaf Blister 295 Rot Canker 258, 259 Bird’s Eye Rot 596 Scale Rot 469 Bird’s Nest Fungus 284 Scorch 298 Index 1189

Scurf 308, 501, 522 Blight and Wilt 687 Seed Rot 363 Blind Seed Rot 486 Sigatoka 187 Blindness 417, 918 Spot 112, 140, 308, 319, 325, 328, Blister Canker 233, 254 339, 353, 364, 572, 573, 576 Blister Spot 118 Stem Rot 474 Bloodroot Stem Spot 342 Leaf Spot 350 Wart 293 Bloodroot (Sanguinaria) 755 Black Dot Disease 86 Blossom Blight 124, 156, 166, 167, 186 Black-Seed Disease 341 Blossom Drop 744 Blackberry Blossom-End Rot 417, 1012, 1087, (Rubus) 753 1111, 1133 Dwarf 611 Blotch 198, 213, 322, 323 Dwarfing 611, 754 Blotchy Ripening 1111 Leaf Spot 361 Blue Mosaic 611, 754 Contact Mold 503 Variegation 611, 754 Curls (Trichostema) 757 Blackberry- Lace-Flower (Trachymene) 757 Lily (Belamcanda) 754 Mold 279 Blackening Mold Rot 503 after Cooking 1034 Stain 1003 before Cooking 1034 Blue Cohosh (Caulophyllum) 757 Blackeye Blue-Eyed Grass (Sisyrinchium) 757 Cowpea Mosaic 611 Blueberry Blackfire 113, 115, 119, 120 Brown Rot 497 Blackleg 137, 138 Bud-Proliferating Gall 292 Bladder-Senna (Colutea) 755 Cane Canker 257, 258 Blanket Flower (Gaillardia grandiflo- Canker 121 ra) 755 Leaf Mottle 757 Blast 353, 487, 488, 985 Leaf Mottle Nepovirus 612 Blasting 417 Necrotic Ring Spot 612, 757 Bleeding Necrotic Shock 757 Canker 259, 264 Necrotic Shock Ilarvirus 612 Bleeding-Heart RedRingSpot 757 (Dicentra spectabilis) 755 Red Ring Spot Caulimovirus 612 Vine (Clerodendrin) 755 Ring Spot 612 Blephilia 755 Scorch 757, 978 Blight 113Ð115, 121, 124, 152Ð154, Scorch Carlavirus 612 163, 170, 171, 175, 176, 179, 180, Shoestring 757 185, 187, 196, 197, 206Ð208, 211, Shoestring Sobemovirus 612 241, 248, 250, 277, 285, 303, 312, Stunt 757 316, 318, 349, 463, 484, 573, 804, Stunt Phytoplasma 613 937, 1099 Twig Blight 173 Foliage 150 Witches’ Broom 566 1190 Index

Blueberry (Vaccinium) 756 rhodina 258, 462, 508, 883, 1024 Bluegrass ribis 226, 462, 719, 725, 741, 775, Blister Smut 584 781, 793, 804, 823, 836, 843, Leaf Rust 560, 564 844, 849, 858, 864, 879, 881, 900, Leaf Spot 331, 332 1006, 1014, 1040Ð1042, 1045, Bluestem, Big (Andropogon) 758 1048, 1068, 1096, 1118, 1137, Bluestem, Little (Schizachyrium) 758 1142 Blumeria graminis 441, 444, 762 ribis var. chromogena 155, 736, 770, Blumeriella 909, 1000, 1031, 1047, 1052, (Coccomyces) 316 1081, 1099 jaapii 316, 317 stevensii 227, 508, 925 kerriae 317 vaccinii 487 Boehmeria 758 vanillae 1122 Boil Smut 589 Botryosphaeria sp. 825, 883, 939 Boisduvalia 758 Botryosporium 372 Bole Canker 236 pulchrum 372, 871, 1111 Boletaceae 61 Botryotinia 156, 462 Boll Rot 468 convoluta 462, 918 Boltonia 758 fuckeliana 156 Borage (Borago) 758 narcissicola 524 Bordeaux Injury 417 polyblastis 209, 974 Bordeaux Mixture 16 ricini 156, 784 Boron Deficiency 418, 771, 904, 1050, sphaerosperma 937 1053 Botrytis 156, 227, 308, 462 Boron Toxicity 419 aclada 462 Bostryosphaeria ribis var. chromoge- allii 985, 1069 na 822 Blight 156, 160, 161 Botryodiplodia 155, 226 byssoidea 463 gallae 226, 243, 980 cinerea 156, 227, 463, 707, 709, 711Ð theobormoae 461 713, 716, 724, 726, 729, 732Ð734, theobromae 226, 721, 842, 1025, 737, 739, 741, 743, 750, 754Ð756, 1052 767, 769, 771, 773, 775Ð778, 780, theobromea 803 782, 785, 787, 789, 792, 799Ð Botryosphaeria 155, 226, 461 801, 804, 805, 809, 810, 812, 818, berengeriana 902, 1007 821Ð824, 826, 829, 831Ð833, 836, calycanthi 774 837, 840, 842, 846Ð848, 850Ð corticis 257, 756 856, 859, 863, 866, 868, 870Ð872, dothidea 226, 461, 711, 719, 754, 874, 877, 878, 881, 884, 892, 756, 884, 1000, 1001, 1005, 1068, 895, 897Ð899, 903, 907, 912, 913, 1099 918, 934, 936, 937, 939, 941, 944, marconii 899 946, 956, 958, 963, 966, 974, 975, obtusa 199, 226, 257, 462, 508, 721, 982, 985, 987Ð989, 994, 996, 999, 754, 883, 1001 1001, 1003, 1004, 1006, 1007, quercuum 258 1009, 1012, 1014, 1016, 1019, Index 1191

1024, 1026, 1027, 1029, 1030, Boysenberry 759 1032, 1035, 1038, 1040, 1041, Brachiaria 1044, 1046, 1050, 1052, 1054, platyphylla 885 1058, 1059, 1064, 1068, 1071, Brachiaria (Broadleaf signalgrass) 761 1073, 1075, 1078, 1083, 1087, Brachycome (Swan River Daisy) 761 1090Ð1092, 1097, 1100, 1102, Brachypodium (Slender False- 1109, 1110, 1112, 1114, 1116, Brome) 761 1123, 1125, 1126, 1128, 1129, Brachysporium 463 1144, color plates 14, 15 tomato 463, 1112 Crown Rot 462 Bramble douglasii 159, 930, 1068 Anthracnose 599 elliptica 159, 736, 849, 875, 937, Branch 1090, 1116 and Truck Canker 225, 226 fabae 308, 1125 Canker 243 galanthina 160, 1075 Dieback 200, 241, 256 gladiolorum 160, 463, 875 Gall Canker 249 hyacinthi 160, 913 Mortality 236 liliorum 937 Necrosis 234 narcissicola 160 Rot 689 Neck Rot 463 Wilt 692 paeoniae 160, 938, 1009 Branch Canker 237, 239, 243 polyblastis 161 Branched Broomrapeh 223 porri 463, 985 Brasiliomyces trina 441 ricini 771 Brassica squamosa 463, 985 alboglabra 768 streptothrix 161, 757, 810, 878, 1071 carinata 768 tulipae 161, 463, 1116, 1126 napus 768 Botrytis sp. 828, 849, 880, 914, 935, perviridis 768 950, 983 rapa 778 Botrytis spp. 721 robertiana 768 Botrytris Bremia 275 cinerea 997 lactucae 276, 788, 846, 894, 928, Bottle-Brush (Callistemon) 758 934, 1037 Bottom Rot 520, 522 Bremiella Bougainvillea (Buginvillaea) 759 megasperma 1127 Bouvardia 759 sphaerosperma 915 Boxelder (Acer negundo) 759 Brickellia (Brickle-Bush) 761 Boxwood Briosia 163 (Buxus) 760 amphelophaga 883 Leaf Blight 217 azalea 1048 Spiral Nematode 408 azaleae 163, 737 Tip Blight 197 Bristlegrass (Setaria) 761 Boxwood Nectria Canker 267 Broad Boydia insculpta 904 Bean Severe Chlorosis 1125 1192 Index

Bean Severe Chlorosis Clos- Root 1093 terovirus 613 Root Rot 197 Bean Wilt 750, 788, 1108, 1121, Rot 115, 121, 186, 494, 495, 504, 1123, 1125 510, 512, 517, 518 Bean Wilt Fabavirus 613 Scale 469 Broccoli 761 Spot 112, 114, 304, 352, 360 Brodiaea 762 Spot, Foliar 119 Brome Stain 896 Grass Mosaic 613 Stem 787 Mosaic 816 Stem Rot 464 Mosaic Bromovirus 613 Stringy Rot 476 Bromegrass Stripe 357, 358 Mosaic 745, 828, 889, 1015, 1087, Tip 875 1098 Trunk Rot 478 Mosaic Virus 742, 821 BrownBarkSpot 792, 1005, 1027 Smooth (Bromus) 762 Brunchorstia boycei 838 Bromelia 762 Brunfelsia 763 Bromovirus 71 Brussels Sprouts 763 Bronopol 26 Bryonopsis 763 Bronze Leaf 744 Bubakia Bronzing 749, 804, 1087, 1118 crotonis 820 Brooks Fruit Spot 287 erythroxylonis 536 Broom Bubakia (Phakopsora) 536 (Cytisus) 762 Buckeye 763 Spanish (Spartium) 762 Leaf Blotch 220 Brooming Disease 1077, 1131 Rot 512 Broussonetia (Paper-Mulberry) 762 Browallia (Streptosolen jamesonii) 763 Buckleya 763 Brown Buckthorn (Rhamnus) 763 Bark Spot 419 Buckwheat-Tree (Cliftonia) 764 Blight 331, 332, 934 Bud Blotch 1005 and Flower Blight 156 Core 720 and Leaf Nematode 389 Core Rot 511 and Twig Blight 163 Crumbly Rot 478, 529 Blast 160, 937, 1010 Cubical Rot 470, 473, 515, 516 Blight Leaf 179 Felt Blight 181, 188 Drop 419, 868, 1101 Heart 419, 768, 846, 1120 Drop, Dieback 775 Heart Rot 514 Failure 711 Leaf Blotch 222, 359 Gall 290 Leaf Spot 321, 1098 Proliferation 133 Mottled Heart Rot 505 Rot 502, 503 Patch 502, 522 Scorch 298 Pocket Rot 478, 489, 492, 528 Buddleia (Butterfly-Bush) 764 Index 1193

Buffaloberry C. pteleae 909 (Shepherdia) 764 Cabbage Buffalograss (Brassica oleracea) (Including Broc- (Buchloe) 764 coli, Brussels Sprouts, Cauliflow- er, Kale, Kohl-rabi) 767 Bugleweed (Ajuga) 765 Black Ring Spot 613 Bulb Decay 104, 111 Cyst Nematode 396 Bulb Rot 463, 481, 483 Leaf Curl 768 Bumelia 765 Leaf Spot 304 Bunch Disease 1008 Ring Necrosis 768 Bunch Mold 461 Ring Necrosis = Turnip Mosaic Bunchflower (Melanthium) 765 Potyvirus 614 Bundleflower (Desmanthus) 765 Yellows 688 Bunt 586, 587 Cacopaurus 390 pestis 390 Bupirimate 17 Cactodera estonica 1079 Burgundy Mix 17 Cactus Burkholderia (Cereus) 768 andropogonis 112, 759 (Leuchtenbergia principis and Schlum- caryophylli 112 bergera gaertneri Makoy- cepacia 17, 113 ana) 769 gladioli 113, 987 Anthracnose 95 Burn 887 Cyst Nematode 396 Burnet (Sanguisorba) 765 Fishhook, Pincushion (Mammillar- Burrillia 583 ia) 769 Giant, Saguaro (Carnegiea) 769 decipiens 583, 979 Prickly Pear (Opuntia) 770 pustulata 728 Star, Sea-Urchin, Barrel (Echinocac- Burrowing Nematode 407 tus) 770 Bursaphelenchus 390 Virus X 978 lignicolus 390, 1021 X. Potexvirus 614 xylophilus 390, 1021 Caeoma 536 Butlerelfia eustacei 470 dubium 898 Butt Rot 485 faulliana 536, 862 Butterfly Pea torreyae 536 Caesalpinia 770 (Centrosema) 766 Caladium 770 (Clitoria) 766 Calathea 771 Butterfly Weed (Asclepias) 766 Calceolaria (Slipperwort) 771 Butterfly-Flower (Schizanthus) 765 Calcium Chloride Injury 420 Butternut Dieback 250 Calcium Deficiency 420 Buttonbush (Cephalanthus) 766 Calendula Bymovirus 71 (Pot Marigold) 771 1194 Index

Leaf Spot 311 crotalariae 308, 463, 984, 992, 1004, White Smut 584 1079 Calibrachoa graminicola 888 (Calibrachoa sp.) 772 theae 308, 992 Mottle 772, 1015 Calonectria sp. 463, 995 Mottle Carmovirus 614 Caloscypha fulgens 1084 Caliciopsis 227 Calycanthus (Sweetshrub, Carolina All- nigra 925 spice) 774 pinea 227, 1019 Calyx-End Rot 457, 461, 525 California Camass (Camassia) 775 Aster Yellows 130, 771, 773, 776, Camellia 775 779, 787, 788, 805, 812, 814, 815, Dieback 245 829, 846, 847, 863, 867, 869, 873, Flower Blight 209, 211 877Ð879, 892, 897, 900, 933, 950, Leaf Gall 289 955, 957, 963, 975, 984, 996, 997, Leaf Spot 345, 349, 363 1016, 1037, 1042, 1044, 1056Ð Scab 598 1058, 1060, 1061, 1065, 1067, Yellow Mottle Leaf 776 1089, 1095, 1097, 1103, 1129, Yellow Mottle Varicosavirus 614 1144 Camomile (Anthemis) 776 Chinquapin Leaf Blister 295 Campanula (Bellflower, Canterbury Dagger Nematode 412 Bells) 776 Mistletoe 369 Campestris 725 Pepper-Tree (Schinus) 772 Camphor-Tree Pitcher-Plant (Darlingtonia) 773 (Cinnamomum) 777 Poppy (Eschscholtzia) 773 Scab 596 Sessile Nematode 404 Canavirgella 376 California-Bluebell (Phacelia) 772 banfieldii 376, 1020 California-Laurel (Umbellularia) 772 Cancroid Spot 804 California-Rose (Convolvulus japoni- Candida krusei 804 cus) 773 Candidatus Calla asteris 778 Chlorotic Spot 774 brasiliense 1013 Common, Golden, Pink (Zant- Phytoplasma asteris 1035 edeschia) 773 Candlestick Shrub (Cassia) 777 Leaf Spot 350 Candytuft (Iberis) 777 Wild (Calla palustris) 774 Cane Blight 179, 185, 199, 200 Calliandra (False-Mesquite) 774 Cane Gall 98 Callicarpa Cane Knot Canker 265 (Beauty-Berry; French- Cane Rust 552 Mulberry) 774 Cane Spot 225, 262 Callus Knot 720 Canker 91, 115, 155, 183, 197, 199, Calonectria 163, 308, 463 200, 214, 225Ð227, 229, 230, 232, colhounii 163, 308, 704, 935, 992 233, 235Ð246, 248Ð250, 252, 255Ð Index 1195

257, 259Ð266, 293, 343, 473, 486, Carlavirus 71, 897 574, 692, 898 Carmovirus 71 Canker Stain of London Plane 228 Carnation Cankers 292 (Dianthus caryophyllus) 780 Canna 777 Bud Rot 483 Mosaic 614 Collar Blight 152 Yellow Mottle 778 Downy Mildew 277 Yellow Mottle Badnavirus 614 Etch-Ring 781 Canola Etched Ring Caulimovirus 615 (Brassica napus) 778 Fusarium Wilt 689 Cantaloupe 778 Italian Ring Spot 781 Cape-Cowslip (Lachenalia) 778 Italian Ringspot Tombusvirus 615 Cape-Honeysuckle (Tecomaria) 778 Latent 781 Cape-Marigold (Dimorphotheca) 778 latent 833 Caper Latent Carlavirus 615 (Capparis) 779 Mosaic 615, 781, 1103 Capeweed, Cape Dandelion (Arctotheca Mottle 781 calendula) 779 Mottle Carmovirus 615 Capillovirus 71 Necrotic Fleck 781 Capnodiaceae 54 Necrotic Fleck Closterovirus 615 Capnodium 594 Pimple 126, 129 axiliatum 785 Pin Nematode 404 citri 594, 805, 987 Powdery Mildew 446 citricola 805 Ring Spot 781 elongatum 595, 751, 904, 906, 984, Ring Spot Dianthovirus 615 1117 Rust 570 footii 717 Streak 616, 781 grandisporum 781, 1135 Vein Mottle 781 pini 1023 Vein Mottle Potyvirus 616 Capnodium sp. 764, 809, 859, 996, Yellows 616, 781 1016, 1138 Carob, St. Johns Bread (Ceratonia) 781 Capnodium spp. 595, 818, 868, 952, Carolina Geranium (Geranium carolini- 1141 anum) 781 Capsule Spot 333, 334 Carolina Jessamine (Gelsemium) 781 Captan 17 Carolina Moonseed (Cocculus) 781 Carapace Spot 736 Carolina Spiral Nematode 409 Caraway (Carum) 779 Carpetweed (Mollugo) 782 Carbendazim 17 Carrot Carbofuran 28 (Daucus carota var. sativa) 782 Carbon Disulfide 17 Cyst Nematode 396 Carboxin 17 Leaf Blight 151 Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus) 779 Motley Dwarf 783 Carissa 779 Motley Dwarf = Carrot Mottle (Natal-Plum) 779 Umbrarvirus 616 1196 Index

Purple Leaf 783 Celery Red Leaf 783 Brown Spot 309 Red Leaf Luteovirus 616 Calico 617, 787, 830 Thin Leaf 783 Celeriac (Apium graveolens) 787 Thin Leaf Potyvirus 616 Late Blight 212 Wild (Daucus carota) 783 Mosaic 783, 787 Cascara (Ramnus ramorum) 783 Mosaic Potyvirus 617 Cashew (Anacardium) 783 Pin Nematode 404 Cassabana, Curuba (Sicana) 783 Wilt 687 Cassava Yellow Dwarf Poleroviridae 617 Common Mosaic 952 Yellow Spot 787 Common Mosaic Potexvirus 616 Yellow Spot Luteovirus 617 Cassia Celtuce (Lactuca serriota var. sati- (Senna, Sicklepod, Partridgepea) 783 va) 788 Cassiope 784 Cenangium 163 Cassytha filiformis 803, 987 ferruginosum 164, 860, 1019 Cast 380 singulare 228, 1031 Castor-Bean (Ricinus communis) 784 Cenangium Dieback 164 Casuarina (Australian-Pine) 784 Cenchrus (Buffelgrass) 788 Cat-Tail (Typha) 786 Centaurea (Bachelors-Button, Basket- Catalina Cherry (Prunus lyoni) 784 flower; Cornflower; Dusty-miller, Catalpa 785 Yellow Starthistle) 788 Leaf Spot 304, 349 Centipede Catenularia 463 Grass (Eremochloa) 789 Catenularia fuliginea 464, 992 Centrospora acerina 464, 783, 787, 995, Catface 420, 1001, 1111 997, 1127 Catha (Arabian-Tea) 785 Century Catkin Hypertrophy 297 Plant (Agave) 789 Catnip (Nepeta) 785 Cephaleuros 308 Cats-Claw (Doxantha) 786 Cephaleuros virescens 308, 704, 717, Cattleya Blossom Brown Necrotic 718, 727, 736, 752Ð754, 775, 777, Streak 987 802, 803, 809, 868, 889, 891, 922, Cattleya Dry Sepal 987 929, 931, 932, 944, 949, 952, 1007, Cauliflower 1014, 1038, 1048, 1105, 1106, 1126 Mosaic 768, 796, 973, 1091 Cephalosporium 309, 464 Mosaic Caulimovirus 617 acremonium 813, 859 Caulimovirus 71 apii 309, 787 Ceanothus 786 carpogenum 464, 721, 1006 Cedar cinnamomeum 310, 977, 1105 (Cedrus spp.) (Atlas Cedar, Deodar, dieffenbachiae 310, 833 Cedar of Lebanon) 786 diospyri 682, 1014 Blight 197 gregatum 464, 745, 1079 Cedar-Apple Rust 549 Cephalosporium sp. 682, 756, 844, 860, Celandine (Chelidonium) 786 914, 960, 980, 1118 Index 1197

Cephalosporium Wilt 686 anethi 834 Cephalotaxus (Japanese Plum-Yew) 789 angulata 310, 823, 881, 966 Cephalothecium roseum 1001, 1041 anomala 705 Ceratobasidium anceps 807, 835, 856, antipus 907 914, 943, 1044, 1089 antirrhini 1074 Ceratocystis 298, 464 apii 164, 751, 787 (Ceratostomella) 228 apii f. sp. clerodendri 807 (Ceratostomella) ulmi 683 apii var. angelicae 717 coerulescens 954 apiifoliae 894 fagacearum 682, 797, 982 apocyni 835 fimbriata 465, 711, 723, 922, 969, aquilegiae 310, 810 1000, 1026, 1031, 1102, 1105 arachidicola 310 fimbriata f. sp. platani 228, 1025 arboreae 802, 1013 paradoxa 298, 991, 1023 arborescentis 913 tremullo-aurea 1031 armoraciae 311, 911 ulmi 845 asclepiadorae 766 wageneri 466, 1021 asiminae 998 Ceratocystis sp. 229, 1031 asparagi 732 Ceratophorum ulmicola 844 asterata 734 Ceratostomataceae 55 atrogrisea 1043 Ceratostomella radiciola 992 atromaculans 725, 900 Cercoseptoria aurantia 803 blephiliae 755, 971 avicennae 703 caryigena 909 Bacilligera 763 minuta 776 barbarea 1138 Cercospora 164, 218, 310 bellynckii 1127 abeliae 310, 703 beticola 311, 748, 1058, 1082, 1104, abelmoschi 310, 983 1121 acalyphae 705 biformis 997 acetosellae 1057 bixae 753 adusta 1038 boerhaaviae 1081 aeruginosa 763 bougainvilleae 311, 759 aesculina 910 brassicicola 973, 1119 afflata 909 brassicola 767, 796 ageratoides 851 brunkii 311, 871 alabamensis 921, 968 brunnea 1037 albo-maculans 310 caldosporioides 984 alismatis 728 calendulae 311, 771 alni 709 callae 728, 774 althaeina 310, 905, 1032 callicarpae 774 amalayensis 901 calthae 956 amaryllidis 713, 951, 1044, 1081 camptosori 857 amelopsidis 920 cana 848 ampelopsidis 1128 canescens 713, 744, 784, 837, 1078 1198 Index

cannabina 311, 899 cruenta 746, 766 cannabis 311, 899 cucurbitae 821, 882, 1086 capitati crotonicola 820 cydoniae 1042 capreolata 751 cynoglossi 825, 929 capsici 311, 1011 cypripedii 987, 988 carii 842 daemonicola 831 carotae 165, 782 daleae 1073 catalpae 785 decumariae 828 catenospora 843 delphinii 829 caulophylli 757, 1057 dendrobii 987 ceanothi 786 depazeoides 843 cebrina 816 desmanthi 765 celosiae 808 destructiva 850 cercidis 1047 deutziae 831 chionanthi 866 diffusa 890 chrysanthemi 800, 1069 dioscoreae 1141 chrysobalani 809 diospyri 1014 cichorii 846 dispersa 1135 cinchonae 801 dubia 1061 circumscissa 311, 711, 723, 792, 794, dulcamerae 923 799, 1001, 1026 duplicata 1115 citri-grisea 803 echii 1128 citrullina 312, 1086, 1133 echinocystis 965 cladosporioides 794 effusa 941 clavata 766 elaeagni 842 clavicarpa 1090 elongata 1106 cleomis 806 epigaeae 847 clitoriae 766 epipactidis 987 cocculicola 781 eriobotryae 1017 coleosanthi 761 erysimi 1129 concentrica 1142 erythrogena 958, 1048 concors 218, 312, 1033 euonymi 850 condensata 907 euphorbiae 1085 consobrina 1001 euphorbiicola 1075 consociata 1057 eustomae 852 conspicua 806 exotica 1132 coreopsidis 812 ferruginae 728 cornicola 312, 836 ferruginea 1059 corylina 896 fici 858 crassoides 866 fingens 958 crotonifolia 820 flagellaris 1056 crotonis 820 floricola 1142 crotonophila 820 fragariae 1093 cruciferarum 1043 fraserae 811 Index 1199 fraxinites 731 juglandis 1130 fukushiana 915 jujubae 924 fuliginosa 1014 jussiaeae 1134 fulvella 1124 kalmiae 971 fusca 312, 902, 1007 kellermanii 905, 1055 fuscomaculans 886 kikuchii 1078 fuscovirens 997 kolkwitziae 747 galii 867 laburni 878 garryae 869, 1071 lanuginosa 765 gaultheriae 747, 869, 1138 lathyrina 312, 1100 gaurae 869 Leaf Spot 311 gayophyti 891 leonotidis 940 gei 873 leptandrae 822 gentianae 870 leptosperma 725 gentianicola 870 leucosticta 795 geranii 872 leucothoës 935 gigantea 803 ligustri 1038 glandulosa 708 lilacis 936 gnaphaliacea 877 lippiae 940 gomphrenae 876 liquidambaris 1099 gonolobi 1062 lobeliae 941 granuliformis 1127 longispora 945 graphioides 792 longissima 934 grindeliae 889 ludwigiae 944 grisea 963 lupini 945 guttulata 840 lupinicola 945 gymnocladi 927 lutescens 799 halesiae 893 lycii 946, 957 handelii 1049 lycopi 1132 helenii 897 lysimachiae 943 helianthi 729, 1097 lythracearum 312, 818, 947 heliotropii 898 lythri 947 hemerocallis 828 maclurae 988 henningsii 952 macrochaeta 980 heteromeles 1017 macroguttata 801 heterospora 1085 magnoliae 312, 948 heucherae 901 malachrae 950 hibisci 901, 1055 malayensis 983, 1055 hieracii 894 mali 719, 798 houstoniae 912 malkoffi 717 hydrangeae 913 malloti 950 hyperici 1060 maritima 820 ilicis 904, 917 marrubii 903 insulana 1090 melanochaeta 753 1200 Index

meliae 795 penstemonis 1009 melongenae 312, 841 peristeriae 987 menispermi 968 perniciosa 766 menthicola 964 perseae 736 microsora 165, 939 personata 312 mikaniae 963 petroselini 996 mimuli 964 petuniae 1015 minima 1005 photiniae-serrulata 1017 mirabilis 864 phyllitidis 857 mitellae 752 physalicola 890 montana 847 physalidis 890 moricola 972 physaloides 722 morindicola 968 piaropi 312, 1132 morongiae 1065 piri 798 nandinae 312, 974 pisi-sativae 999 nasturtii 830, 1131 pittospori 312, 1024 negundinis 759, 953 platanicola 1025 nelumbonis 944 plumeriae 1028 nepetae 785 poagena 886 nepheloides 852 podophylli 958 neriella 983 populicola 1031 nigricans 784 populina 1031 noveboracensis 919 prenanthis 1037 nymphaeacea 1132 prosopidis 962 nyssae 1118 psedericola 1128 obscura 729, 779 psidii 891 oculata 919 puderi 312, 1052 odontoglossi 987 pulcherrimae 1029, 1075 oenotherae 982 pulsatillae 716 oenotherae-sinutae 982 purpurea 218, 736, 1047 olivacea 728, 941, 1030, 1059 pustulata 920 omphakodes 1016, 1030 pyri 1005 opuli 1125 ranunculi 1044 osmorhizae 1103 ratibida 1047 oxalidiphila 989 regalis 997 oxybaphi 710, 1121 repens 811 oxydendri 989 resedae 312, 962 pachypus 1097 rhamni 763 paeoniae 1009 rhapontici 1050 pancratii 819, 1081 rhizophorae 952 papaveri 1032 rhododendri 313, 738 parvimaculans 880 rhoina 1073, 1096 pastinacae 997 ribicola 823 pastinacina 997 ribis 823 Index 1201 richardiaecola 313, 774 teucrii 873 ricinella 784 thaliae 1107 rosicola 313 thaspii 717 rubigo 806, 1082 theae 775 rudbeckiae 879, 1056 thermopsidis 1107 rudbeckii 840 thujina 726, 825 sabbatiae 1055 tinea 1125 saccharini 953 tortipes 1125 salicina 1137 tragopogonis 1061 salviicola 1058 triostei 910 sanguinariae 755 tropaeoli 975 saururi 1064 truncata 715 scutellariae 1071 truncatella 998 sechii 791 tuberculans 1099 seminalis 886 unamunoi 1011 senecionicola 1067 varia 907, 1125 senecionis 1067 velutina 741 sequoiae 165, 1067 venturioides 766 sequoiae var. juniperi 924 verbasicola 972 sesami 1068 verbenicola 1124 sidicola 1070 vexans 1093 silphii 1071 violae 995, 1127 smilacina 1072 viticis 1129 smilacis 313, 1072 viticola 802 sojina 313, 1078 vitis 715, 1013 sordida 165 websteri 1118 speculariae 1080 weigelae 1135 sphaeriaeformis 844 weigeliae 834 spiraea 979 xanthoxyli 900, 1037 Spot 218, 219, 313 zeae-maydis 813 squalidula 806 zebrina 313, 744, 807, 891, 933, stachydis 1088 1003, 1079, 1114 stillingiae 797, 1091 zinniae 1144 stizolobii 1122 ziziae 1144 streptopi 1095 Cercospora menispermi 781 stromatis 894 Cercospora sp. 313, 704, 706, 708, 727, struthanthi 965 748, 750, 775, 815, 818, 826, 847, subsessilis 795 854, 878, 879, 908, 926, 937, 949, symphoricarpi 812, 1075, 1139 956, 960, 966, 990, 993, 1017, 1050, symplocarpi 313, 1071 1090, 1101, 1116 tabacina 1037, 1056 Cercospora spp. 802, 1107, 1110 tageticola 956 Cercosporella 315 ternateae 921 aceris 954 tetragoniae 977 acroptili 705, 1057 1202 Index

alni 709 Chaetomiaceae 55 brassicae 315, 767, 796, 973, 1119 Chaetomium bostrychodes 1111 cana 734 Chalara celtidis 892 thielavioides 373 chionea 1047 thielaviopsis 466 colubrina 848 Chalara (Chalaropsis) 373, 466 filiformis 716, 958 Chalaropsis idahoensis 1077 thielavioides 373, 1052 lilii 937 thielaviopsis 466, 1029 mirabilis 894 Chalk rot 774 mori 972 Chalking 1116 nivosa 1009 Chamaecyparis (Atlantic White-Cedar, pastinacae 997 Port Orford White-Cedar, Alas- pastinaceae 354 ka Yellow-Cedar, Hinoki Cypress, pirina 817 Sawara Cypress-Retinospora) 790 primulae 1038 Chamaedaphne (Cassandra, Leather- prolificans 843 leaf) 790 pycnanthemi 971 Chamber’s Dagger Nematode 412 rubi 754, 832, 1046 Char Spot 359 saxifragae 1064 Charcoal Rot 185, 493, 521 terminalis 1123 Charcoal Spot 325 Cercosporidium 165 Chard Blue Mold 277 bougainvilleae 313 Chayote (Sechium) 791 fasciculatum 1085 Checker Mallow (Sidalcea) 791 graminis 357 Checking 1034 magnoliae 313 Cheilaria agrostis 353, 359 personata 315 Chenopodium 791 personatum 1003 Cherimoya, Custard-Apple punctum 165, 853 (Annona) 791 Cercosporidum 315 Cherry Cereal Anthracnose 87 (Flowering) Rough Bark 620, 793 Cerotelium 537 (Prunus spp.) 791 dicentrae 537, 840 (Sour) Pink Fruit 619 fici 537, 859, 972, 988 Albino 618, 793 Cerotelium fici 859 Bark Splitting 618, 793 Cerrena unicolor 473 Black Canker 618, 793 Cestrum 789 Buckskin 618, 793 Ceuthocarpon ferrugineum 947 Bud Abortion 618, 793 Ceuthocarpum conflictum 941 Calico 995 Ceuthospora lunata 466, 817 Chlorosis 618, 793 Chaerophyllum 789 Flowering, Oriental (Prunus serrula- Chaetoderma luna 504 ta) 793 Chaetodiplodia sp. 987 Freckle Fruit Disease 618, 793 Chaetomella sp. 721 Green Ring Mottle 618, 793 Index 1203

Gummosis 618, 793 Chinese Japanese Flowering (Prunus subhirtel- Cabbage (Brassica pekinensis, B. chi- la) 793 nensis) 796 Leaf Blight 182 Evergreen (Aglaonema) 796 Leaf Spot 304, 316, 318 Holly Spot Anthracnose 598 Little Cherry 619, 793 Chinese Lantern (Physalis alkeken- Midleaf Necrosis 619, 793 gi) 796 Mora 619, 793 Chinese Tallowtree (Sapium) 797 Mottle Leaf 793 Chinese Waxgourd (Beincasa) 797 Mottle Leaf Trichovirus 619 Chinquapin (Castanopsis) 797 Necrotic Rusty Mottle 619, 793 Chiogenes (Creeping Snowberry) 797 Pink Fruit 793 Chionodoxa (Glory-of-the-Snow) 797 Pinto Leaf 619, 793 Chirita 798 Rasp Leaf 793 Chives (Allium schoenoprasum) 798 Rasp Leaf Nepovirus 620 Chloranil 17 Ring Spot 793 Chlorine Injury 420 Ring Spot = Prunus Necrotic Ringspot Chlorogalum (Soap-Plant) 798 Ilarvirus 620 Chloroneb 18 Rough Fruit 793 Chloropicrin 18 Rugose Mosaic 793 Chloroscypha Rugose Mosaic = Strain of Prunus chloromela 1067 Necrotic Ringspot Ilarvirus 620 juniperina 924 Rusty Mottle 620, 793 Chlorosis 420, 421, 703, 704, 710, 711, Twisted Leaf 621, 793 720, 723, 738, 744, 749, 768, 777, Vein Clearing 621, 793, 1027 782, 785, 792, 804, 818, 821, 829, Witches’ Broom 297 850, 859, 863, 868, 896, 904, 914, Yellows 793, 1002 937, 942, 971, 974, 981, 985, 991, Yellows = Prune Dwarf Ilarvirus 621 992, 999, 1001, 1003, 1005, 1027, Cherry-Laurel 1029, 1031, 1034, 1038, 1046, 1049, (Prunus laurocerasus) 794 1053, 1079, 1087, 1093, 1118 Chestnut Chlorothalonil 18 (Castanea) 794 Chlorotic Blight 176 Peacock Pattern 1094 Chick-Pea Ring Spot 770 Garbanzo (Cicer) 795 Spot 1039 Chickory 794 Streak 923 Chickpea Chlorotic Dwarf 1021 filiform 795 Chlorotic Mottle 1095 Filiform Potyvirus 621 Chlorpicrin 28 Chickweed (Stellaria and Choanephora 166 Cerastium) 795 americana 826, 995 Chinaberry compacta 968 (Melia) 795 conjuncta 999, 1015 1204 Index

cucurbitarum 166, 743, 821, 859, ledi var. cassandrae 537, 790, 1084 983, 1011, 1015, 1086, 1101, ledi var. groenlandici 537 1126 ledi var. rhododendri 537, 1049 infundibulifera 166, 901, 922, 1078 ledicola 537, 932, 1084 persicaria 1001 moneses 537 Choanephora sp. 1144 piperiana 537, 1049, 1084 Choanephoraceae 51 pirolata 537, 966, 1084 Chocolate Leaf Spot 308 roahensis 1049 Chokeberry (Aronia) 798 roanensis 1084 Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) 798 weirii 538, 1084 Chondropodium 229 Chrysopsis (Golden Aster) 801 pseudotsugae 229, 838 Chytridiomycota 47 Chondrostereum Ciberinia purpureum 528 camelliae 209 Christie’s Spiral Nematode 409 Ciboria 166 Christie’s Stubby Root Nematode 409 acerina 166 Christmas Berry (Heteromeles arbutifo- carunculoides 166, 972 lia) 799 Ciborinia 167, 315 Christmas Cactus (Zygocactus trunca- acerina 953 tus) 799 bifrons 1031 Christmas Rose (Helleborus niger) 799 candolleana 980 Christmasberry confundens 1031 Scab 573, 574 erythronii 167, 849 Chrysanthemum foliicola 1137 (Dendranthema grandiflora) 800 Aspermy 621 gracilipes 949 BCarlavirus 622 gracilis 167, 849 Chlorotic Mottle Viroid 621, 801 seaveri 316 Flower Distortion 621, 801 trillii 1114 Foliar Nematode 387 violae 1127 Leaf Spot 321, 359 whetzelii 315 Mosaic 622, 801 wisconsinensis 1137 Ring Spot 622, 801 Cimicifuga (Bugbane, Black Rosette 622, 801 Cohosh) 801 Rust 566 Cinchona 801 Stunt 801, 802 Cineraria Stunt Viroid 622 (Senecio) 801 Chrysomyxa 537 Mosaic 622, 802 arctostaphyli 537, 747, 1084 Cinnamon-Tree (Cinnamomum zey- cassandrae 716 landicum) 802 chiogenis 537, 797 Cintractia 583 empetri 537, 820, 1084 luzulae 1140 ilicina 537, 904 Cirsium (Plumed Thistle) 802 ledi 537, 932, 1084 Cissus 802 Index 1205

Citrus arthrinioides 759 Blast 117 astericola 880 Blight 206 beijerinckii 168 Canker 123 brevipes 981 Enation 805 bruneo-atrum 571 Enation Ð Woody Gall brunneolum 920 Luteovirus 623 carpophilum 571, 711, 724, 793, 976, Exocortis 805 1002, 1027 Exocortis Viroid 623 caryigenum 571 Fruits (Grapefruit, Lemon, Lime, cladosporioides 167, 1092 Orange) 803 cladosporioides f. sp. pisicola 572 Leaf Rugose 805 colocasiae 316, 843 Leaf Rugose Ilarvirus and Citrus Varie- coreopsidis 572, 812 gation Ilarvirus 623 cucumerinum 572, 821, 960, 1087, Leprosis 805 1134 Leprosis Rhabdovirus 623 echinulatum 316, 333, 780 Mildew 447 effusum 903, 1008 Nematode 411 epiphyllum 316, 942 Psorosis 805 erianthi 1028 Psorosis Complex: Citrus Leaf Rugose fasciculatum 948 Ilarvirus, Citrus Ringspot Virus, fulvum 373, 1111 Citrus Variegation Ilarvirus 623 fuscum 1052 Ring Nematode 391 gloeosporioides 1060 Ringspot 805 gramineum 740 Ringspot Virus 624 herbarum 219, 373, 703, 737, 744, Scab 597 780, 792, 859, 875, 877, 887, 918, Septoria Spot 360 919, 936, 981, 1003, 1011, 1112, Stubborn Disease 624, 803 1126 Tatter Leaf 805 heugelinianum 764 Tatter Leaf Cappillovirus 624 iridis 333 Tristeza 805 lysimachiae 943 Tristeza Closterovirus 624 macrocarpum 373, 1082 Variegation 805 oxycocci 817 Vein Enation 624, 805 oxysporum 316, 803, 1111 Xyloporosis 624, 805 paeoniae 219, 1009 Yellow Vein 625, 805 pisicola 573, 999 Cladochytrium graminis 886 triostei 910 Cladochytrium replicatum 1114 variabile 333, 1082 Cladocolea cupulata 1020 vignae 747 Cladode Rot 461, 475 Cladosporium sp. 729, 732, 865, 884, Cladosporium 167, 219, 316, 373, 571 921, 930, 937, 1006, 1027, 1050, (Heterosporium) 333 1052, 1084, 1099, 1105, 1128, 1131 allii 333 Cladosporium spp. 721, 786 aromaticum 1096 Clarkia 805 1206 Index

Clasterosporium Clitocybe cornigerum 909 monadelpha 468, 1001, 1039 Clasterosporium sp. 719 olearia 981, 1025 Clausena (Wampi) 805 parasitica 903, 1001 Clavariaceae 61 Root Rot 467, 468 Clavibacter tabescens 468, 700, 704, 705, 721, agcopyri 101 724, 726, 737, 738, 740, 770, 774, cassiicola 1029 776Ð778, 784, 786, 790, 791, 794, fascians 101, 780, 800, 871, 892, 797, 804, 811, 812, 815, 818, 825, 896, 915, 975, 1015, 1016, 1040, 836, 842, 845, 849, 850, 877, 884, 1069, 1091, 1100 891, 893, 902, 904, 908, 913, 921, flaccumfaciens 101, 743, 1078 922, 925, 944, 946, 949, 951, 954, humiferum 101, 1030 981, 983, 992, 993, 996, 1001, ilicis 903 1008, 1018, 1021, 1025, 1028Ð michiganense 101, 763, 766, 789, 1030, 1039, 1053, 1062, 1090, 828, 841, 890, 923, 1011, 1033, 1092, 1096, 1099, 1100, 1105, 1060, 1110, 1114 1109, 1118, 1126, 1135 michiganense subsp. michiga- Clivia 807 nense 101 Closterovirus 71 michiganense subsp. sepe- Cloudy Spot 498, 1111 donicum 102 Clove Rot 503 poinsettiae 102, 1029 Clover 1000 sepedonicum 102, 748, 1033 (Alsike) Mosaic = Clover Yellows Vein xyli subsp. cynodontis 103, 885 Potyvirus 625 xyli subsp. xyli 103 (Red) Vein Mosaic Carlavirus 625 Claviceps (Trifolium incarnatum, T. pratense, T. africana 924 repens, T. stoloniferum, T. subter- cynodontis 886 raneum, T. vesiculosum) 807 microcephala 886 Club Leaf 625 purpurea 741, 886, 1028, 1050 Cyst Nematode 398 Clavicipitaceae 55 Dodder 274 Claytonia (Spring Beauty) 806 Proliferation 131, 1092 Clematis Proliferation Subgroup A Phytoplas- Leaf 306 ma 745 Leaf Spot 321 Wound Tumor Phytoreovirus 626 Clematis (including Virgins-Bower) 806 Yellow Edge 1092 Cleome (Spider-Flower) 806 Yellow Edge Phytoplasma 896 Clerodendron Zonate Ring Spot 625 Yellow Mosaic 808, 1124 Clerodendrum (Glorybower) 807 Yellow Mosaic Potexvirus 625 Clethra (Sweet Pepperbush, White- Yellow Vein 745, 783, 889, 1029, Alder) 807 1138 Climacoden septentrionalis 528 Yellow Vein Mosaic 626 Clinopodium (Basil-Weed) 807 Club Root 268 Clintonia 807 Clypeolella leemingii 867 Index 1207

Clypeosphaeriaceae 56 minutum 539, 863, 1022 Cobb’s Meadow Nematode 405 occidentale 1067 Cobb’s Ring Nematode 391 pacificum 539 Cobb’s Spiral Nematode 394 pinicola 539, 1022 Cobb’s Stubby Root Nematode 410 plumeriae 1028 Coccoloba (Sea-Grape, Dove- senecionis 1022, 1067 Plum) 808 sonchiarvensis 1022 Coccomyces steviae 536 hiemalis 318, 792, 793 terebinthinaceae 1022, 1071 kerriae 318, 927 tussilaginis 539 lutescens 318, 792, 794 vernoniae 539, 919, 1022 prunophorae 318, 1026 viburni 539, 1126 tumidus 714 viguierae 1124 Coccomyces sp. 723, 764 Coleus 809 Cocklebur Mosaic 809 (Xanthium) 808 Mosaic = Cucumber Mosaic Cucu- Cockscomb (Celosia argentia) 808 movirus 626 Cocksfoot Streak 889 Collar Rot 179, 456, 475, 484, 491, Cocksfoot Streak Potyvirus 626 509, 511, 720 Cocoa (Theobroma cacas) 808 Collards 810 Cocoa-Plum (Chrysobalanus) 809 Collecephalus hemerocalli 828 Cocoyam (Xanthosoma) 809 Colletotrichum 86, 167, 230, 318, 468 Codonanthe 809 acutatum 86, 167, 230, 318, 468, 711, Coffee-Berry (Rhamnus californi- 721, 836, 884, 953, 1000, 1092, cus) 809 1118, 1135 Coleosporium 538 acutatus 1094 apocyanaceum 538, 715, 1022 antirrhini 86, 1073 aridum 761 atramentarium 86, 1033, 1112 asterum 538, 734, 735, 801, 848, 867, azaleae 738 880, 890, 1022, 1068 bletiae 87 campanulae 776, 943, 1022, 1080 capsici 87, 468, 1011, 1012 crowellii 538, 1021, 1022 cinctum 987 delicatulum 538, 880, 1022 circinans 468, 979, 985, 1069 domingense 1028 coccodes 87, 318, 468, 703, 964, elephantopodis 1022 1012, 1078, 1112 helianthi 538, 729, 897, 1022, 1097 crassipes 713 inconspicuum 812, 1022 dematium 87, 167, 874, 1081, 1126 ipomoeae 539, 773, 826, 922, 968, dematium f. sp. spinaciae 87 969, 1022, 1102 dematium f. sp. truncata 87, 318, jonesii 539, 824, 881, 1022 837, 1096 lacinariae 539 dematium var. truncata 1109 laciniariae 936, 1022 dioscoreae 1141 madiae 956, 1022, 1097 elastica 318, 859 mentzeliae 539 erumpens 87 1208 Index

erythrinae 1024 sublineola 89 falcatum 1028 sublineolum 1136 fragariae 87, 944, 1092 trichellum 89, 305, 1109 fructus 721 trifolii 944 fuscum 87, 864 truncatum 89, 743, 841, 933, 1078 gloeosporioides 87, 167, 318, 468, vermicularioides 939 486, 718, 742, 771, 772, 778, 779, violae-tricoloris 89, 994, 1127 785, 824, 835, 836, 853, 855, 858, Colletotrichum sp. 89, 728, 732, 733, 859, 884, 922, 942Ð944, 965, 983, 737, 742, 766, 780, 796, 805, 833, 987, 993, 995, 997, 1012, 1024, 839, 908, 913, 938, 948, 967, 993, 1030, 1054, 1089, 1091, 1092, 1010, 1016, 1030, 1050, 1066, 1105, 1138 1114, 1124, 1126 glycines 1109 Colletotrichum spp. 841 gossypii 1109 Collinsia (Blue-Lips, Blue-Eyed graminicola 87, 761, 789, 1109 Mary) 810 graminicolum 885 Collinsonia (Horse-Balm) 810 griseum 850 Collomia 810 helianthi 1097 Collybia hibisci 901, 983, 1055 dryophila 832 higginsianum 87, 796, 1119 velutipes 469, 785, 845, 910, 939, jussiaeae 1134 954, 1031, 1117 lagenarium 88, 739, 783, 791, 797, Coltsfoot (Tussilago) 810 882, 959, 965, 1086, 1133 Columbine liliacearum 88, 1076, 1143 Leaf Spot 310 lilii 88, 469, 938 Root-Knob Nematode 402 lindemuthianum 88, 743, 746 Columbine (Aquilegia) 810 malvarum 88, 703, 905, 931, 1070 Columbo (Frasera) 811 nigrum 469, 1012 Columnea 811 omnivorum 88, 733 Comandra Blister Rust 540 orbiculare 88, 1133 Commelina peckii 1115 Diffusa Potyvirus and Commelina philodendri 1016 Mosaic Potyvirus 626 phomoides 89 Mosaic 811 pisi 89, 998, 1100 Commelina (C. diffusa) 811 pleosporioides 994 Common primulae 1038 Bunt 586 rhexiae 958, 1048 Dodder 274 schizanthi 89, 765 Scab 575 silphii 1071 Comovirus 71 smilacis 1072 Completoria complens 855 solitarium 880 Confederate-Jasmine (Trachelosper- sordidum 968 mum) 811 spinaciae 1081 Coniella spinacicola 1081 (Coniothyrium) 470 Index 1209

diplodiella 470 Spray Injury 421 granati 1030 Sulfate 19, 26 Coniophora 469 Copper Spray Injury 904 corrugis 470 Coprinus 470 puteana 470, 825, 861, 930 urticicola 470, 1006 Coniophora corrugis 861, 925 Coral Spot 251 Coniosporium Coral-Bells 811 fairmani 1087 Coralberry Coniothecium (Symphoricarpos orbiculatus) 812 eriodictyonis 1142 Cordia 812 richardiae 774 Coreopsis (Tickseed) 812 Coniothrium Coriander fuckelii 1000 Feathery Red Vein 813 Coniothyrium 230, 318 Feathery Red Vein Nucleorhab- agaves 789 dovirus 626 cephalanthi 766 Coriander (Coriandrum) 813 concentricum 319, 789, 1142 Coriolus versicolor 719 diplodiella 470, 884 Cork 421, 720, 1005 fuckelii 185, 230, 1128 Corky Dry Rot 483 hellebori 319, 799 Corky Rot 121 negundinis 759, 953 Corky Scab 575 olivaceum 948 Corm Rot 160, 463, 482 pirinum 817 Corn pyrina 319 (Sweet) Mosaic 627 pyrinum 719, 894, 1005 Cyst Nematode 398 rhois 1096 Leaf Fleck 626, 814 rosarum 231, 1052 ulmea 844 Meadow Nematode 406 wernsdorffiae 231, 1052 Measles 352 Coniothyrium sp. 756, 948, 1000, 1009 Mosaic 814 Coniothyrium spp. 844 Pox 352 Conophilis americana 747 Root Rot 485 Conoplea globosa 264 Rust 565 Copper Smut 589 Acetate 18 Stunt 131, 133, 814 Ammonium Carbonate 18, 26 Sweet (Zea mays var. saccharata) 813 Carbonate 18 Corn-Marigold (Chrysanthemum sege- Compounds 18 tum) 814 Deficiency 421 Corncockle Fixed 26 (Agrostemma) 814 Hydroxide 18, 26 Corticium 167, 470 Oxide 18 centrifugum 471, 721 Oxychloride 18 falactinum 1126 Spot 327, 355 fuciforme 471, 888 1210 Index

galactinum 471, 712, 721, 754, 807, Leaf Curl Bigeminivirus 627 832, 836, 904, 922, 946, 971, 981, Root Rot 506, 508 1096 Cotton Root-Knob Nematode 403 koleroga 167 Cottony Rot 526 laetum 718 Coursetia 816 microsclerotia 167 Covered Kernel Smut 586 radiosum 471 Covered Smut 589 salmonicolor 167, 718, 858, 1004 Cowania 816 stevensii 167 Cowpea vagum 167 (Vigna sinensis) 816 Corydalis 814 Aphid-Borne Mosaic 816 Corynebacterium Canker 128, 130 agropyri 103 Chlorotic Mottle 745, 1004, 1095 humiferum 103 Mosaic 1080 Coryneform Group Mycobacteri- Mosaic Comovirus 627 aceae 101 Severe Mosaic 816 Coryneliaceae 54 Cowpea Mosaic 747, 903 Corynespora 319, 471 Crabapple cassiicola 471 Flowering (Malus) 816 Corynespora cassiicola 319, 738, 784, Cracked Stem 422, 787 859, 914, 940, 945, 983, 1029, 1038, Crackneck 800 1068, 1078, 1079, 1109, 1111, 1127, Cranberry 1133 (Vaccinium, subgenus Oxycoc- Coryneum 168 cus) 817 asperulum 825 Bitter Rot 487 beierincki 784 Blotch Rot 455 berckmansii 168, 726, 727, 825 Blight 168, 169 Early Rot 487, 488 Canker 232 End Rot 487 cardinale 232, 726, 727, 825, False Blossom 627, 818 916, 925 Hard Rot 496 carpophilum 168, 711, 723, 792, 976, Ring Spot 818 1000, 1026 Rose Bloom 290 foliicola 232, 719, 1005 Crape-Myrtle japonicum 980 (Lagerstroemia) 818 microstictum 168, 756, 1088 Powdery Mildew 453 negundinis 759 Crassula 818 rhododendri 1049 Creeping Zinnia tumoricola 844 (Sanvitalia procumbens) 819 Cosmopolitan 463 Creosote Bush (Larrea) 819 Cosmos 815 Cribropeltis 286 Cotoneaster 815 Cribropeltis citrullina 286, 1133 Cotton Criconella (Gossypium) 815 xenoplax 390 Index 1211

Criconema 390 coleosporioides 540, 989, 990, 1022, civellae 390, 803 1140 decalineatum 390 comandrae 540, 763, 1021 mutabile 723 comptoniae 540, 990, 1022, 1098, spinalineatum 390 1099 Criconema sp. 945 conigenum 541, 981, 1021 Criconemella filamentosum 1022 xenoplax 887, 1057 fusiforme 981, 1022 Criconemoides harknessii 541 annulatum 391, 981 occidentale 541, 824, 881, 1022 citri 391, 803 quercuum 541, 941, 981, 1022 crotaloides 391, 838, 1031 quercuum f. sp. fusiforme 541, 1022 curvatum 391, 780, 887 ribicola 541, 823, 824, 881, 1023 cylindricum 391, 1003 stalactiforme 544, 1022 komabaensis 391, 775 strobilinum 544, 981, 1021 lobatum 391, 887, 1021 Cronartium (Causing Blister Rusts) 539 mutabile 391, 1034 Crook-Neck 871 ornatum 391, 887 Crossonema 391 parvum 391, 887 Crossonema sp. 391, 790 rusticum 391, 887 Crotalaria (C. retusa) 819 similis 391, 1001, 1021 Croton (Codiaeum) 819 teres 391, 981 Croton (Croton) 820 xenoplax 391, 772, 883, 887, 1001 Crowberry Criconemoides (Genus dubium) 391 (Empetrum) 820 Criconemoides sp. 954, 1053 Crown Crimson and Petiole Spot 318 Clover Latent 808 and Root Rot 506, 511 Clover Latent Nepovirus 628 Canker 236, 259 Crinkle 809, 1054 Elongation 1010 Crinum 819 Gall 98 Cristulariella 319 Rot 180, 190, 192, 461, 480, 483, depraedans 320 489, 498, 503, 512, 521, 522, depraedens 954 525, 527 moricola 320, 883, 893, 901, 1111 Crown and Collar Rot 463 pyramidalis 708, 714, 720, 744, 759, Crown Rust 561 793, 836, 883, 901, 948, 954, 976, Crown Vetch (Coronilla varia) 820 1008, 1064, 1118, 1126, 1130 Crown-Headed Lance Nematode 398 pyramudates 756 Cryphonectria 232 Cristutariella cubensis 240 pyramidalis 1025 parasitica 176, 232, 980 Crocus 819 Cryphonectria (Endothia) 176 Cronartium Cryptantha 820 appalachianum 540, 1022 Cryptanthus 820 1212 Index

Cryptochaete 472 Mosaic 710, 713, 740, 745, 749, 765, (Corticium) polygonia 472 772, 778, 786, 787, 797, 808, 811, Cryptocline 169 814, 822, 827, 830, 831, 833, 842, betularum 327 845, 849, 852, 866, 871, 872, 876, cinerescens 169, 980 882, 891, 901, 915, 934, 938, 956, taxicola 1142 960, 962, 965, 969, 974, 978, 998, Cryptococcus 1010, 1012, 1015, 1038, 1058, fagesuiga 747 1074, 1082, 1087, 1098, 1112, laurentii 883 1121, 1125, 1127, 1138, 1144 Cryptodiaporthe 233 Mosaic Cucumovirus 628 aculeans 1096 Scab 572 castanea 233, 794 Wilt 110, 689 corni 836 Cucumovirus 71, 856 macounii 1082 Cucurbit salicella 233 Leaf Crumple 1134 salicina 1137 Leaf Crumple Begomovirus 629 Cryptomeria 820 Leaf Curl 822, 961, 1087 Cryptomyces 233 Leaf Curl Begomovirus 628 maximus 233, 988, 1137 Yellow Stunting 961 Cryptomycina 320 Yellow Stunting Crinivirus 629 pteridis 320, 854, 857 Yellows 1094 Cryptospora 169 Cucurbitariaceae 55 longispora 169, 213, 726 Cufraneb 19 Cryptosporella 233 Culvers-Root (Veronicastrum) 822 umbrina 234, 1052 Cumminsiella 544 viticola 234, 883 mirabilissima 544, 950 Cryptosporiopsis (Glutinium) 245 sanguinea 741 Cryptosporiopsis pruinosa 245 texana 544, 950 Cryptosporium 235 wootoniana 950 macrospermum 860 Cunninghamia 822 minimum 235, 1052 Cuphea 822 pinicola 236 Curl-Stripe Disease 938 Cryptostictis 170, 320, 836 Curly Top Virus (Beet) 779 arbuti 320, 932, 948, 952 Currant mariae 1049 (Red) Mosaic = Tomato Ringspot paeoniae 1010 Nepovirus 629 violae 1127 (Ribes spp.) 822 Cryptostictis sp. 170, 935 Flowering (Ribes) 823 Crytodiaporthe Mosaic 823 aculeans 233 Current Cucumber Anthracnose 97 (Cucumis sativus) 821 Cane Blight 155 Blight 151 Nematode 389 Index 1213

Curtobacterium Cuscuta spp. 272, 734, 748, 841, 879, flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfa- 980, 985, 1015, 1110, 1137 ciens 103 Cuticle Crack 1111 flaccumfaciens pv. poinsettia 103 Cuticularia ilicis 904 flaccumfaciens subsp. flaccumfa- Cutospora Canker 237 ciens 743 Cyathus stercoreus 284, 886 Curvularia 170, 298, 1007 Cycad, Sago-Palm (Cycas) 824 crepini 854 Cyclamen 824 cymbopogonis 170, 919 Leaf 179 Disease 170 Cyclaneusma (Naemacyclus) 380 geniculata 761, 767, 885 Cyclaneusma niveum 380 inaequalis 817, 885, 1004, 1082, Cycloclonium oleaginum 984 1119 Cycloconium 320 lunata 170, 875, 885, 1012 oleaginum 320 trifolii 821, 1086 Cycloheximide 19 Curvularia sp. 298, 789, 914, 945, 1028, Cylindrobasidium corrugum 470 1101 Cylindrocarpon 137, 236, 472 Curvularia spp. 1145 cylindroides 236 Cuscuta destructans 472 americana 274, 803 didymium 236, 719 arvensis 800, 942, 960, 982, 1124 liriodendri 472 californica 274 obtusisporum 137, 883 campestris 929 radicicola 707, 738, 749, 938, 975 compacta 709, 766, 798, 904, 917, Cylindrocarpon sp. 756, 925 947, 1013, 1125, 1135 Cylindrocephalum sp. 746 coryli 274 cuspidata 867 Cylindrocladium 171, 236, 321, 472 epithymum 274 avesiculatum 171, 321, 904, 935 exaltata 274, 761, 904, 965, 1047, Black Rot 472 1096 Blight 171 glomerata 936 canadense 1084 gronovii 274, 766, 821, 857, 923, clavatum 171, 321, 472, 726, 752, 953, 987, 1045, 1048, 1138 758, 1021 indecora 274, 777, 800, 820, 983, colhounii 321, 758 984, 1052, 1100, 1126 crotalariae 472, 927, 1004, 1079, paradoxa 274, 1052 1118 pentagona 274 floridanum 737, 936, 1002, 1048, planifera 274 1103, 1118 subinclusa 772 heptaseptatum 472, 856 Cuscuta sp. 731, 738, 756, 775, 779, liriodendri 1117 782, 788, 800, 812, 815, 834, 881, macrosporium 993 886, 912, 920, 942, 975, 996, 999, parasiticum 472, 784, 903, 1004 1011, 1033, 1038, 1059, 1074, 1080, pauciramosum 472, 896, 974 1091, 1097, 1098, 1141 pteridis 321, 472, 854Ð857 1214 Index

scoparium 171, 236, 472, 737, 898, microspilum 980 904, 930, 936, 1019, 1021, 1031, montenegrinum 1115 1048, 1052, 1083, 1094, 1099, negundinis 759 1103, 1117, 1118 nuttallii 799, 989 scorparium 473 officinale 1076 sesami 1068 orthosporum 752 Cylindrocladium sp. 949, 1047, 1131 parkinsoniae 996 Cylindrosporium 171, 321 passaloroides 714, 917 acori 1099 pastinacae 997 angustifolium 1142 phaceliae 772 ariaefolium 906 populinum 337 artemisiae 1059 rhamni 763 betulae 321, 752 ribis 823 brevispina 894 rubi 754, 1045 castaneae 794 salicinum 321, 1137 ceanothi 786 scrophulariae 860 celtidis 892 smilacinae 1077 cercosporioides 1117 smilacis 1072 chrysanthemi 321, 800, 827 solitarium 942 circinans 755 stachydis 1088 clematidinis 321 steironematis 943 clematidis 806 tenuisporium 844 crataegi 894 thalictri 958 dearnessi 908, 909 tradescantiae 1114 defoliatum 171, 892 triostei 910 eminens 866, 1098 veratrinum 1123 eryngii 849 vermiforme 709, 896 ficariae 1044 violae 1127 filipendulae 1083 ziziae 1144 fraxini 731 Cylindrosporium sp. 321, 764, 853, gei 873 956, 958, 1096 geranii 872 Cylindrosporium spp. 899, 1082 glyceriae 886 Cymbidium gnaphalicola 877 Mosaic Potexvirus 629 griseum 171, 1076 Cymbidium Mosaic 987 guttatum 1089 Cymoxanil 19 heraclei 900 Cynoglossum (Hounds-Tongue) 825 hirtella 980 Cyphella marginata 1000 humuli 908 Cyphellopsis anomala 263 juglandis 171, 1130 Cypress kelloggii 980 Root Rot 512 lippiae 940 Cypress (Cupressus) 825 lupini 945 Cypress-Vine (Quamoclit) 826 magnusianum 1089 Cypripedium Leaf Spot 307 Index 1215

Cyproconazole 19 Daedalea 473 Cyprodinil 19 ambigua 907, 1014, 1132, 1137 Cyrilla (Leatherwood) 826 confragosa 473, 710, 721, 845, 866, Cyst Nematode 397 895, 904, 909, 939, 1064, 1100, Cystospora 1119, 1131, 1137 pinicola 965 elegans 907 Cystotheca lanestris 450 extensa 1117 Cytophoma pruinosa 731 juniperina 925 Cytorhabdovirus 72 quercina 473, 981, 1131 Cytospora 236, 322 unicolor 473, 708, 710, 714, 752, abietis 236, 860 764, 942, 1117, 1119 amorphae 714 Daedalea confragosa 836 annularis 731 Daedalea spp. 731, 748, 892, 903, 954, Canker 237 1025, 1031 cenisia 825 Daedaleopsis confragosa 473 chrysosperma 237, 798, 842, 970, Dagger Nematode 412 980, 1031 Dahlia 826 cylindroides 860 Leaf Smut 584 gleditschiae 906 Mosaic 827 kunzei 237, 1083 Mosaic Caulimovirus; Stunt 629 Oakleaf 629 leucosperma 237 Ring Spot 629 leucostoma 237, 792, 970 Daisy ludibunda 844 Oxeye (Leucanthemum vulgare) 827 massariana 970 Daldinia 473 microspora 970 concentrica 474, 731, 805, 845, 909, nivea 237 940, 949, 954, 981, 1014 pinastri 860, 1019 occidentalis 710 pruinosa 236 vernicosa 836, 904, 981, 1064, 1117 rubescens 970 Daldinia spp. 748 sambucicola 842 Dalibarda (Dewdrop) 827 Cytospora sp. 237, 322, 709, 731, 794, Damping-Off 303, 359, 458, 502, 513, 836, 838, 898, 969, 972, 1007, 1017, 519Ð522 1018, 1052, 1120, 1130 Dandelion Cytospora spp. 237, 719, 723, 747, 953, (Taraxacum) 827 1005 Daphne 828 Cytosporina Leaf Spot 337 ludibunda 844 Dapple Apple 722 Cytosporina Dieback 243 Dasheen Mosaic 774, 843 Cytovirin 29 Dasheen Mosaic Potyvirus 630 Cyttariaceae 57 Dasyscyphus 238 agassizi 238 Dactylaria 322 calycina 238 higginsii 322, 979 ellisiana 238, 838, 1019 1216 Index

gaultheriae 1060 Desert-Candle (Eremurus) 830 pseudotsugae 238, 838 Desert-Plume (Stanleya) 830 resinaria 238, 860 Desert-Rose (Adenium obesum) 831 willkommii 238, 879 Desert-Willow (Chilopsis) 831 Dasyscyphus pini 1019 Desmella 545 Datura 828 aneimiae 545 Davisomycella ampla 378 superficialis 854 Daylily (Hemerocallis) 828 Desmodium Dazomet 19, 26, 28 Mosaic 903 DDT Injury 422 Mosic Potyvirus 630 Dead-Arm Disease 234 Yellow Mottle 891, 903 Decline 133, 391, 409, 491, 501, 504, Yellow Mottle Tymovirus 630 533, 722, 954, 1025, 1099 Desmodium (Arrowleaf) 831 Decline Disease 500 Deutzia 831 Decumaria 828 Devils-Club (Oplopanax) 831 Delayed Maturity 133 Devilwood (Osmanthus ameri- Delphinella 171 canus) 831 (Rehmiellopsis) 207 Dewberry (Rubus) 832 balsameae 171, 207, 860 Diachea leucopodia 1094 Delphinium Dianthovirus 72 Black Spot 116 Dianthus (Garden Pinks) 833 Blackleg 108 Diapleella coniothyrium 184, 249 Ring Spot 630, 830 Diaporthe 172, 240, 474 Delphinium (Larkspur) 829 (Phomopsis) vaccinii 756 DeMan’s Meadow Nematode 406 arctii 172, 829 Dematiaceae 63 batatatis, meridionalis 1078 Dematium spp. 818 batatis 1102 Dematophora Blight 172 necatrix 859 caulivora 1078 Dematophora sp. 881 citri 474, 804, 893, 929 Demorphotheca 830 cubensis 240, 849 Dendrophoma 172 eres 240, 820, 904 obscurans 172, 197, 1092 helianthi 240, 1097 Dendrophoma sp. 756 oncostoma 240, 942 Dendrothele acerina 224 pernisiosa 719 Dermatea phaseolorum 172, 474, 744, 1012, balsamea 898 1078, 1112 Dermea phaseolorum caulivora 240 acerina 239 phaseolorum var. cauliflora 968 balsamea 239 phaseolorum var. caulivora 173, 706, pseudotsugae 239, 838 713, 783, 899, 916, 921, 923, Dermea (Dermatea) 239 1048, 1070, 1085 Desert Bird Of Paradise (Cae- phaseolorum var. sojae 173 salpinia) 830 pruni 240 Index 1217

sojae 1003, 1078 Didymosphaeria 175 stewartii 815 oregonensis 709 vaccinii 173, 756, 817, 818 populina 175 vexans 173 Didymosporina aceris 337, 953 Diaporthe spp. 762 Didymosporium 324 Diatrypaceae 56 arbuticola 324, 948 Dibotryon Dieback 90, 91, 96, 155, 199, 200, 225, morbosum 136, 723, 792, 798, 1026 226, 229, 230, 233, 236, 237, 240, 241, 243, 246, 249Ð252, 257Ð259, symphoricarpi 1139 264, 266, 267, 422, 486, 686, 736, Dichaena quercina 980 868, 1131 Dichlofluanid 19 Wilt 877 Dichloropropene 28 Dieffenbachia 833 Dichomitus squalens 514 Leaf Spot 124, 129, 310 Dichondra (Lawn-Leaf) 833 Diervilla (Bush Honeysuckle) 834 Dichotomophora 173 Difenoconazole 19 lutea 173 Digitaria (Large Crabgrass) 834 Dichotomophthora 240, 474 Dill indica 1033 Root Rot 484 portulacae 240, 474, 1033 Dill (Anethum) 834 Dichotomophthoropsis 322 Dilophospora 324 nymphaearum 322, 1132, 1134 geranii 324, 872 nymphaerum 1132 Dimanin A 26 Dicloran 19 Dimerium Didymaria 322 alpinum 1009 alismatis 728 juniperi 143, 924 conferta 1140 Dimerosporium 140 didyma 322, 716, 1044 abietis 140, 860 Didymascella ellissi 912 (Keithia) 174 hispidulum 140, 969 magnoliae 948 chamaecyparissi 790 pulchrum 140, 730, 811, 835 thujina 174, 726 robiniae 140, 708 tsugae 174, 177, 898 tropicale 140 Didymella 174 Dimethirimol 19 applanata 174, 753, 832, 1045 Dimethomorph 19 bryoniae 175, 1133 Dimple 1034 ligulica 154 Dimple skin 1034 lycopersici 307 Diniconazole 19 sepincoliformis 240, 1052 Diodia 834 Didymellina 322 Vein Chlorosis 834 macrospora 322, 754, 918 Vein Chlorosis Closterovirus 630 ornithogali 322, 1089 Diplocarpon 144, 299 poecilospora 323 earliana 1093 1218 Index

earlianum 299 tubericola 475, 777 mespili 177 tumefaciens 249 rosae 144, 1052, color plate 10 viticola 884 Diplocarpon (Fabraea) 177 zeae 475, 813 Diploceras Diplodia sp. 241, 726, 815, 843, 870, hypericum 1060 889, 904, 952, 993, 995, 1025, 1099 Diplodia 175, 241, 475, 804 Diplodia spp. 843, 1026, 1052, 1133 acerina 359 Diplodina 324, 476 ailanthi 708 delphinii 829 amorphae 714, 917 persicae 476 asparagi 732 Diplosporonema delastrei 337 bambusae 739 Diplotheca camphorae 241, 777 (Stevensea) 325 circinans 1142 tunae 142 Collar 475 wrightii 325, 769, 770 Collar and Root Rot 475 Diplotheca sp. 770 coluteae 175, 755 Discella 241 Corn Ear Rot 475, 476 carbonacea 241, 1137 crataegi 1040 microsperma 241 gossypina 175, 1004, 1019 ochroleuca 337 infuscans 241, 731 Discocainia treleasi 898 juglandis 241, 1130 Discochora philoprina 349 laeliocattleyae 987 Discogloeum concentricum 326 longispora 175, 794, 980 Discohainesia oenotherae 346, 756, mutila 241, 878, 925 817, 835, 867, 869 natalensis 241, 475, 708, 777, 783, Discola fraxinea 866 791, 804, 821, 841, 859, 893, 927, Discosia 960, 985, 1001, 1014, 1037, 1087 artocreas 899, 1049, 1099, 1139 opuntia 475 bubaki 847 opuntiae 770 maculicola 1138 persicae 1001 Discosporium populeum 242 phoenicum 475, 992 Discostroma corticola 246 pinastri 475 Discula 90, 176 pinea 786, 838, 1019, 1084, 1120 campestris 90, 953 quercina 241, 980 destructive 90, 835 radicicola 840 fraxinea 90, 730 rhododendri 324 quercina 176, 980 Rot 508, 509 Discula sp. 835 salicina 1136 Diseased Inflorescence 154 sarmentorum 175 Disinfectant 11 sarothamni 762 Dithianon 19 sophorae 241, 1077 Dittany, Stonemint (Cunila) 834 sycina 241, 858 Ditylenchus 392 theobromae 475, 737, 1102, 1112 (Sychnotylenchus) gallicus 393 Index 1219

destructor 392, 826, 1034 Dollar Spot 525 dipsaci 392, 748, 787, 797, 810, 827, Doronicum (Leopards-bane) 837 829, 855, 865, 873, 890, 913, Dorylaimus 394 914, 918, 939, 943, 946, 974, 985, Dorylaimus spp. 394 989, 996, 1009, 1010, 1017, 1038, Dothichiza 242, 325 1043, 1044, 1061, 1065, 1079, Canker 242 1093, 1101, 1103, 1106, 1109, caroliniana 325, 756 1116 garryae 869, 1071 gallicus 845 populea 242, 1030 iridis 393 Dothidea tetraspora 762 Dizygotheca 834 Dothideaceae 54 Doassansia 583 Dothidella deformans 728 alni 709 epilobii 583, 847 castanopsidis 797 furva 728 parryi 789 intermedia 728 vacciniicola 756 obscura 728 Dothiora 242 opaca 728 polyspora 242, 1031, 1137 ranunculina 1045 ribesia 257 sagittariae 728 taxicola 214 Dodder wolfii 214 (Cuscuta) 835 Dothiora (Sphaerulina) 214 Latent Mosaic 630 Dothiorella 242, 686 Dodecatheon (Shooting-Star) 835 berengeriana 1099 Dodemorph Acetate 20 Canker 243 Dogbane (Apocynum) 835 fraxinicola 243, 731 Dogwood gregaria 992, 1130 Dwarf, Bunchberry (Cornus canaden- mori 972 sis) 835 nelumbonis 944 Flowering (Cornus florida) 835 phomiformis 980 Leaf Spot 307, 312, 360 quercina 243, 980 Mosaic 836 Rot 462 Mosaic Nepovirus 630 smilacina 1072 Pacific (Cornus nuttalli) 837 ulmi 243, 686, 845 Pagoda, Gray, Red Osier, Western Dothiorella sp. 243, 906, 972, 1025, Osier (Cornus spp.) 837 1052, 1117, 1137 Spot Anthracnose 597 Dothistroma 176 Dolichodorus 393 pini 176, 1019 (Neodolichlodorus) obtusus 394 septospora 1019 heterocephalus 393, 744, 787, 1011, Double Spot 325 1111 Douglas-Fir obtusus 1008 Dwarf Mistletoe 370 Dolichos (Twinflower, Hyacinth Needle Rust 553 Bean) 837 Root Rot 518 1220 Index

Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga) 837 Eastern Gall Rust 541 Downy Mildew 275Ð280, 282, 283 Eastern Mistletoe 369 Downy Spot 339 Echeveria 840 Draba (Whitlow-Grass) 839 Echidnodella Dracaena 839 angustiformis 141 Leaf Spot 350 rugispora 141 Tip Blight 199 Echinacea (Purple coneflower) 840 Dragonhead (Dracocephalum) 839 Echinochloa (Barnyardgrass) 841 Drechslera Echinodontium 476 cactivora 840 tinctorium 476 catenaria 330, 885, 888 Echinodontium tinctorium 838, dictyoides 330 861, 930 erythrospilum 331 Eclipta 841 gigantea 886, 1136 Ectostroma 325 giganteum 331 afflatum 801 poae 331 liriodendri 325, 1117 setariae 771, 955 Edifenphos 20 siccans 331 Eggplant stenacra 331 (Solanum melongena) 841 triseptata 331 Anthracnose 90, 92 tritici-repentis 331 Leaf Spot 312 Drepanopeziza ribis 97 Mosaic 842 Dropsy 352 Elaeagnus (Russian-Olive, Silverber- Drought 422 ry) 842 Dry Elaphomycetaceae 58 Rot 494, 498, 530, 579, 580, 984 Elder Dry Bubble 697 (Sambucus) 842 Dry Root Rot 484 Elderberry 843 Du Nema 28 Disease = Elderberry Carlavirus, Elder- Duranta 839 berry Latent Carmovirus 631 Dusting 30 Dutch Elm Disease 683 Elephant Hide 1034 Dutchmans-Breeches, Squirrel-Corn Elephants-Ear (Colocasia) 843 (Dicentra) 840 Eleusine (Goosegrass) 843 Dutchmans-Pipe (Aristolochia) 840 Elm Dwarf Bunt 586 Black Spot 328, 329 Dwarf Mistletoe 370, 1020 Leaf Blister 297 Dyschoriste 840 Leaf Spot 327, 328, 359 Mosaic 631 Ear Rot 485 Phloem Necrosis 131 Early Blight 152, 160, 164, 165 Yellows 845 Early Rot 353 Zonate Canker 631 Easter Cactus (Rhipsalidopsis) 840 Elm (Ulmus) 844 Eastern Dwarf Mistletoe 371 Elsinoaceae 54 Index 1221

Elsinoë 596 Endocronartium 545 ampelina 596, 882, 884 harknessii 544, 545, 1022, 1023 cinnamomi 596, 777 Endomyces mali 721 corni 597, 836 Endophyllum 545 diospyri 597 sempervivi 545, 1067 euonymi-japonici 597 tuberculatum 545, 791, 905, 1033 fawcettii 597, 805, 893, color Endothia 243 plate 15 Canker 176 ilicis 598, 904 gyrosa 243, 747, 980 jasminae 598, 922 parasitica 794, 797, 980 ledi 598, 932, 935, 1060 Engelmannia (Engelmann Daisy) 846 lepagei 598, 1063 Englerula carnea 1047 leucospila 598, 776, 1106, 1107 English magnoliae 598, 949 Ivy Leaf Spot 350 mangiferae 598, 952 Ivy Scab 600 mattirolianium 948 English Daisy (Bellis perennis) 847 mattirolianum 598, 1094 Enterobacter cloacae 104, 874, 984, 985 Enterobacteriaceae 104 parthenocissi 598, 1129 Entomosporium phaseoli 598 Leaf Spot 177, 178 pini 1006 maculatum 177, 178, 916 piri 598, 722, 1041 Entyloma 583 quercicola 598 arnicale 727 quercus-falcatae 599, 981 aster-seriaceanum 735 randii 599, 903, 1008 australe 796, 890 rosarum 599, 1053 calendulae 584, 772 solidaginis 599, 880 collinsiae 810 tiliae 599, 940 compositarum 584, 735, 758, 772, veneta 599, 754, 832, 1046 848, 851, 877Ð879, 897, 1047, Elytroderma 376 1056, 1067, 1071 deformans 377, 1020, 1023 dactylidis 584 Emilia (Tasselflower, Floras- dahliae 584, 827 Paintbrush) 845 ellisii 584, 1082 Enamovirus 72 eryngii 849 Encelia 845 eschscholtziae 773, 1114 Encoelia (Cenangium) 228 fuscum 1032 Encoelia pruinosa 228 irregulare 888 Encoeliopsis rhododendron 325 linariae 939 End Spot 422, 736 lineatum 584, 1136 Endive lobeliae 942 Escarole, Witloof Chicory (Cichori- menispermi 968 um) 846 microsporum 1045 Endoconidiophora nymphaeae 1132 virescens 954 polysporum 584, 867, 897, 1097 1222 Index

ranunculi 716, 1045 839, 841, 843, 846, 853, 875, 911, serotinum 930, 962 913, 918, 933, 937, 960, 984, 987, thalictri 958 996, 997, 1004, 1033, 1043, 1050, veronicae 1125 1061, 1063, 1081, 1092, 1097, winteri 830 1101, 1110, 1116, 1119 wyomingense 830 carotovora pv. 926 Entylomella armoraciae 354 carotovora pv. atroseptica 1033 Ephelis sp. 1008 carotovora pv. carotovora 1011, 1086 Epichloe typhina 886 carotovora pv. chrysanthemi 1029 Epicoccum 243, 299, 325, 476, 1007 carotovora subsp. atroseptica asterinum 326, 1142 107, 108 granulatum 721 carotovora subsp. carotovora 107, neglectum 993 108, 969 nigrum 243, 326, 476, 948, 960 carotovora var. carotovora 782 purpurascens 713, 737, 874 carotovorus 821 Epicoccum sp. 299, 744, 756, 1079 chrysanthemi 109, 782, 800, 1016, Epifagus virginiana 747 1110, color plate 6 Epigaea (Mayflower, Trailing Arbu- cypripedii 109, 987 tus) 847 cytolitica 826 Epilobium dieffenbachiae 833 (Willow-Herb, Fireweed) 847 dissolvens 813 Episcia 848 herbicola 109, 839, 892 Epoxiconazole 20 nigrifluens 1130 Eradicant 11 nimipressuralis 109, 844, 980, 1136 Eranthemum 848 quercina 980 Eremothecium coryli 1112 rhapontica 110 Erigeron (Fleabane) 848 rhapontici 743, 795, 933, 998, 1050 Erinose 1131 rubrifaciens 1130 Eriophyllum 848 stewartii 110, 813 Erostrotheca multiformis 374, 1101 tracheiphila 110, 821, 960, 1133 Ersiphe polygoni 826 Erwinia sp. 960, 1133 Eruca sativa 768 Eryngium (Rattlesnake Master) 849 Erwinia Erysiphe 441 amylovora 104, 712, 714, 718, 723, aggregata 442, 709 792, 793, 798, 815, 816, 894, 916, azaleae 738 944, 959, 969, 1004, 1017, 1026, berberidis 974 1039, 1041, 1042, 1045, 1083, cichoracearum color plate 9 1092 convolvuli var. convolvuli 751 aroideae 770, 773, 796, 821, 843, cruciferarum 444, 768, 1120 960, 996, 1011, 1033, 1063, 1086, galeopsidis 1071, 1088 1110, 1133 graminis 444, 762, 887 carnegieana 106, 769 heraclei 444, 782, 787, 996 carotovora 732, 743, 767, 768, 770, knautiae 1065 773, 782, 787, 800, 824, 826, 829, orontii 444 Index 1223

panax 444, 875 Eupatorium (Boneset, Blue Mist-flower, pisi 959 Dogfennel, White Snakeroot, Joe- polygoni 444, 704, 714, 716, 735, Pye Weed) 851 738, 741, 744, 746, 747, 749, 755, Euphorbia 765, 768, 773, 777, 782, 784, 796, Mosaic 1085 806, 811, 822, 829, 847, 867, 868, Mosaic Begiminivirus 631 870, 872, 873, 876, 889, 896, 907, Trigona 851 911, 914, 917, 942, 945, 957, 958, European 967, 973, 982, 990, 999, 1010, Dagger Nematode 412 1032, 1036, 1038, 1043, 1044, Larch Canker 238, 239 1050, 1057, 1063, 1065, 1079, Mistletoe 370 1098, 1101, 1107, 1111, 1117, Nectria Canker 252 1120, 1129, 1131, 1144 Poplar Canker 242 sedi 1066 Powdery Mildew 446 taurica 444 Euryops 852 trina 444, 941, 981 Eustoma unbelliferarum 997 (Prairie Gentian, Texas Bluebell) 852 viburni 931 Eutypa 243 Erysiphe heraclei 718 armeniacae 723, 792, 799, 883 Erysiphe polygoni 734, 771, 905, 914, armeniacae syn. E. lata 243 964, 1120 lata 723, 792, 799, 883 Erysiphe polygoni var. sepulta 1042 Eutypa sp. 859 Erysiphe sp. 444, 1111 Eutypella Erysphie galeopsidis 964 parasitica 953 Erysphie orontii 964 stellulata 795 Erythricium salmonicolor 168 vitis 883 Erythrina 849 Everlasting (Antennaria) 852 Erythronium Evolvulus 852 (Dogs-Tooth Violet, Adders-Tongue, Exacum 852 Trout-Lily) 849 Exanthema 422, 723, 804, 984, 1005, Smut 589 1027 Erythroxylum 849 Excipulaceae 63 Ethylene Dibromide 28 Exobasidiaceae 61 Etridiazole 20 Exobasidium 289 Euascomycetidae 52 burtii 289, 738, 1048 Eucalyptus (Gum-Tree) 849 camelliae 289 Eucharis (Amazon-Lily) 850 camelliae var. gracilis 775 Eugenia 850 monosporum 775 Euonymus oxycocci 290, 817 Mildew 446 parvifolii 1135 Mosaic 631, 851 rhododendri 290 Euonymus (Burning-Bush, Spindle- symploci 290, 1100 Tree) 850 uvae-ursi 290 1224 Index

vaccinii 289, 290, 715, 738, 747, 756, Farkleberry 784, 790, 817, 853, 912, 932, 935, Tree-Huckleberry (Vaccinium 947, 948, 952, 961, 971, 1048, arboreum) 853 1062, 1135 Fasciation 101, 103, 1034, 1074, 1111 vaccinii-uliginosae 1048 Favolus alveolaris 477, 903 vaccinii-uliginosi 290, 952, 970, Feather Rot 518 1135 Feijoa (Pineapple Guava) 853 Exophoma magnoliae 948 Felt Fungus 263, 731 Exosporina fawcetti 1130 Fenaminosulf 20 Exosporina fawcettii 803 Fenarimol 20 Exosporium 326 Fenbuconazole 20 concentricum 326, 850, 1038 Fendlera 853 fawcettii 794 Fennel (Foeniculum) 853 glomerulosum 924 Fenpiclonil 20 liquidambaris 364, 1099 Fenpropidin 20 palmivorum 364, 991, 992 Fenpropimorph 20 phoradendri 965 Fenugreek (Trigonella) 853 Exosporium sp. 972 Ferbam 20 Exserohilum Fern rostratum 332, 885, 991Ð993 Adders-Tongue (Ophioglossum) 854 turcicum 489, 813 Anthracnose 94 Exudation 1016 Aquatic (Salvinia spp.) 854 Eye Spot 331, 332 Birds-Nest (Asplenium) 854 Bladder (Cystopteris) 854 Boston (Nephrolepis) 854 Fabavirus 72 Bracken (Pteridium) 854 Fabraea Brake (Pteris) 855 dehnii 1036 Christmas (Polystichum) 855 macula 1042 Cliff-Brake (Pellaea) 855 maculata 714, 719, 815, 817, 944, Holly (Cyrtomium) 855 959, 969, 1000, 1004, 1017, 1039, Japanese Climbing (Lygodium japon- 1041 icum) Also Ð Old World Climbing maculate 178 (Lygodium microphyllum) 855 ranunculi 1044 Lady, Silvery Spleenwort (Athyri- rousseauana 956 um) 856 thuemenii 178, 894 Leaf Spot 304, 321 Fabrella tsugae 178 Leatherleaf (Rumohra) 856 Fairy Ring 284, 285 Maidenhair (Adiantum) 856 Fairy Ring Spot 333, 334 Nematode 386 False Root-Knob Nematode 404 Osmunda (Osmunda; Cinnamon, Inter- False Rust 293 rupted, and Royal Ferns) 856 False Smut 584 Ostrich (Pteretis) 856 False Solomons Seal (Maianthemum Polypody (Polypodium) 857 racemosum) 1077 Rock (Woodsia) 858 Index 1225

Rock-Brake (Cryptogramma) 857 Fistulina hepatica 981 Sensitive (Onoclea) 857 Fittonia 862 Tree (Cibotium) 857 Flag Smut 588 Walking (Camptosorus) 857 Flat Limb 1006 Wood, Shield (Dryopteris) 857 Flax Woodwardia, Chain (Woodwar- Flowering (Linum) 862 dia) 858 Floral Smut 588 Fescue Florida Beggarweed (Desmonium tortuo- Netblotch 330, 332 sum) 863 Smut 591 Florida Pusley (Richardia scaba) 863 Feverfew (Chrysanthemum partheni- Flower Blight 195 um) 858 Flower Rot 457 Field Dodder 274 Flower Smut 585 Fig Flower Spot 293 (Ficus carica) 858 Fluazinam 20 Cyst Nematode 397 Fludioxonil 20 Florida Strangler (Ficus aurea) 859 Flusilazole 21 Mosaic 631, 859 Flutolanil 21 Pin Nematode 404 Fly Speck 286, 287 Rust 537 Foam-Flower (Tiarella) 863 Smut 461 Fobrella tsugae 174 Spine Nematode 390 Foliar Blight 179, 208, 484 Figwort Foliar Nematode 404 Mosaic 860 Folpet 21 Mosaic Caulimovirus 632 Fomes 477 Figwort (Scrophularia) 860 annosus 477, 726, 790, 861, 925, Fijivirus 72 952, 971, 1021, 1049, 1068, 1084 Filaree applanatus 477, 773, 954, 1027 Red Leaf 860, 900 arctostaphyli 952 Filbert 860 conchatus 979, 1131 Blight 124, 128 connatus 477, 874, 954, 1118 Filipin 20 earlei 925 Fir everhartii 477, 962, 1131 (Abies) 860 extensus 739, 947 Needle Blight 182 fasciatus 949 Fir-Fern Rust 551, 552, 568, 569 fomentarius 477, 721, 792 Fir-Huckleberry Rust 566 fraxinophilus 478, 731, 764 Fir-Willow Rust 553 fulvus 799, 1027 Fire 322, 323 geotropus 739, 949 Fire Blight 104, 165 hartigii 1142 Firecracker Plant (Crossandra infundibu- igniarius 478, 710, 721, 760, 764, liformis) 862 797, 837, 843, 952, 954, 1006, Firethorn 862 1031, 1037, 1064, 1131 Fisheye Fruit Rot 470, 471 juniperinus 925 1226 Index

meliae 795 Fremontia (Flannel Bush) 865 officinalis 478 Frenching 1118 pini 478, 786, 790, 825, 916, 1031, Fringe-Tree (Chionanthus) 866 1084 Fritillaria 866 pinicola 478, 710, 721, 790, 916, Froelichia 866 1006, 1084 Frog-Eye Disease 313 ribis 823, 1064, 1075, 1140 Frog-Eye Leaf Spot 508, 509 rimosus 478, 942 Frommeella 545 robustus 478, 769 duchesneae 545, 966 roseus 478, 726, 1084, 1142 Frost Crack 954 scutellatus 710, 1139 Frost Injury 422 subroseus 790, 948, 1084 Frost Scorch 593 texanus 925 Frostwort (Crocanthemum) 866 Fomes spp. 748, 752, 772, 794, 838, Fruit 845, 892, 895, 898, 903, 907, 909, Anthracnose 89, 93 930, 939, 942, 981, 1002, 1014, Blotch 115 1021, 1025, 1031, 1100, 1137 Pit 984 Fomes subroseus 925 Rot 91, 166, 173, 186, 232, 245, 255, Fomitopsis 328, 346, 347, 353, 456, 461Ð464, officinalis 478 468Ð470, 474Ð476, 480, 486, 493, pinicola 478 497, 502, 503, 506, 514, 520, 531 rosea 478 Rot of date 464 Foot Rot 108, 137, 331, 332, 460, 509, Rots 519 510, 513 Russet 286, 288 Forestiera (Swamp-Privet) 863 Spot 90, 93, 167Ð169, 177, 178, 221, Forget-Me-Not 318, 319 Downy Mildew 278 Storage Rot 532 Forget-Me-Not (Myosotis) 863 Fruit and Core Rot 506 Forsythia (Goldenbells) 864 Fuchsia 866 Fosetyl-Aluminum 21 Rust 566 Fouquieria (Ocotillo, Candlewood) 864 Fuligo Four-O’Clock (Mirabilis) 864 septica 581, 846, 888, 1094 Foxglove violacea 1102 (Digitalis) 864 Fulvia fulva 373 Anthracnose 87 Fumago 595 Leaf Spot 355 salicina 906 Foxtail vagans 595, 722, 859, 904, 908, 940, Mosaic 761 1002, 1023 Mosaic Potexvirus 632 Fumigants 11 Frammulina (Collybia) 469 Fungi 1164 Frammulina velutipes 469 Fungicide 11 Freesia 865 Furcaspora 178 Freeway Daisy (Osteospermum) 865 pinicola 178, 860 Freezing 760 Furovirus 72 Index 1227

Fusaria 760 oxysporum f. sp. barbati 688, 1103 Fusarium 179, 244, 290, 299, 377, 480, oxysporum f. sp. basilicum 742 573, 687, 1007 oxysporum f. sp. batatas 481, 922, acuminatum 480, 1087 969, 1102 annuum 687, 1012 oxysporum f. sp. betae 688, 749 avenaceum 480, 768, 838, 852, 861, oxysporum f. sp. callistephi 688, 734, 898, 908, 1021, 1084, 1087, 1091 789, 801, 956 Brown Rot 482 oxysporum f. sp. carthami 1058 bulbigenum 713 oxysporum f. sp. cassiae 784 buxicola 760 oxysporum f. sp. cattleyae 688, 988 carpineum 902 oxysporum f. sp. cepae 481, 985 ceralis 780 oxysporum f. sp. chrysanthemi 481 cerealis 483 oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans 688, circinatum 861, 1020 768, 1043, 1066, 1120 conglutinans var. 750 oxysporum f. sp. coriandrii 813 culmorum 480, 888, 914, 1069 oxysporum f. sp. cubense 689, 740 decemcellulare 290, 951 oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum equiseti 480, 960, 1087 689, 822 foetens 687, 750 oxysporum f. sp. cucurbitae 822 graminearum 179, 750, 1035, 1079, oxysporum f. sp. cyclaminis 689, 824 1087, 1136 oxysporum f. sp. delphinii 829 Head Blight 485 oxysporum f. sp. dianthi 689, 781 heterosporum 573, 887, 888 oxysporum f. sp. erythroxyli 689, 849 lateritium 377, 760, 795, 968, 1001, oxysporum f. sp. exaii 852 1077, 1113 oxysporum f. sp. gladioli 482, 920, lateritium f. sp. cicerii 795 1109, 1115 lateritium f. sp. pini 1020 oxysporum f. sp. hebae 689, 896 moniliforme 480, 813, 859, 914, 987, oxysporum f. sp. lactucum 689, 935 988, 1063 oxysporum f. sp. lilii 482, 938 moniliforme var. intermedium 1020 oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici 689, moniliforme var. subglutinans 179, 1113 244, 1019, 1020 oxysporum f. sp. mathioli 1091 nivale 592, 888 oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis 1000 orthoceras 750 oxysporum f. sp. melonis 690, 961 oxysporum 244, 481, 687Ð689, 691, oxysporum f. sp. narcissi 482, 974 712, 721, 745, 760, 769, 799, 801, oxysporum f. sp. niveum 690, 1087, 819, 827, 836, 838, 840, 861, 865, 1134 876, 898, 912, 918, 981, 986, 995, oxysporum f. sp. perniciosum 1003, 1021, 1036, 1040, 1059, 690, 963 1084, 1085, 1092, 1096, 1112 oxysporum f. sp. pisi 1000 oxysporum f. sp. apii 687, 788, 1098 oxysporum f. sp. radicis 1112 oxysporum f. sp. asparagi 688, 732 oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici oxysporum f. sp. aurantiacum 849, 483, 1112 1128 oxysporum f. sp. raphani 691, 1043 1228 Index

oxysporum f. sp. rhois 1096 819, 824, 828, 834, 842, 851, 865, oxysporum f. sp. sedi 1066 871, 878, 880, 902, 913, 927Ð929, oxysporum f. sp. spinaciae 691, 1082 934, 942, 945, 956, 964, 965, 969, oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum 691, 973, 995, 1010, 1015, 1029, 1030, 801, 816, 1080 1055, 1061, 1063, 1067, 1074, 1095, oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum 745, 1103, 1116, 1123, 1125, 1144 983, 1101 Fusarium spp. 719, 749, 756, 782, 804, oxysporum var. redolens 483, 1021 813, 821, 829, 844, 865, 888, 953, Patch 592 960, 991, 1001, 1004, 1012, 1035, poae 483, 833 1036, 1053, 1087, 1094, 1102, 1145 proliferatum 483, 732, 807, 912, 986, Fusicladium 326 1085 angelicae 717, 900, 1103, 1105 Root Rot 483 aplectri 988 roseum 483, 820, 827, 1069 cerasi 793 roseum acuminatum 911 dendriticum 573 roseum f. sp. 885 eriobotryae 573, 944 roseum f. sp. sambucinum 838 levieri 1014 sambucinum 908, 1035 photinicola 573 sarcochroum 942 pisicola 326, 999 scirpi 761, 851, 875, 1079, 1133 pyracanthae 573, 1040 semitectum 483, 960 robiniae 326, 942 solani 179, 244, 483, 691, 707, 710, saliciperdum 573, 1138 721, 726, 746, 760, 762, 769, 771, staticis 1090 795, 800, 804, 825, 827, 833, 838, Fusicoccum 244, 1024 843, 861, 865, 870, 898, 912, 980, amygdali 244, 1001 981, 986, 1003, 1012, 1021, 1029, elaeagni 244, 842, 1058 1031, 1035, 1065, 1069, 1080, putrefaciens 756 1082, 1084, 1085, 1101, 1102, Fusicoccum sp. 731, 948, 970 1117, 1118, 1130, 1140 solani f. sp. cucurbitae 483, 1087 Gaeumannomyces 484 solani f. sp. glycines 1079 graminis 789 solani f. sp. phaseoli 484, 745, 746 graminis var. graminis 484, 888, solani f. sp. pisi 484, 795, 999, 1101 1009, 1060, 1066, 1145 solani f. sp. radicicola 821 Gaillardia (Blanket Flower) 867 subglutinans 179, 244, 796, 986, Galax 867 1012, 1019 Galium (Bedstraw) 867 subgutinans 484 Gall 264, 290, 293 tabacinum 179, 1086 Gall Rust 551 tricinctum f. sp. poae 780, 800, 885 Gallex 26 Wilt 481, 687Ð689, 691 Galtonia (Summer-Hyacinth) 868 Yellows 688, 1096 Ganoderma 484 Fusarium sp. 299, 484, 732, 733, 735, applanatum 485, 704, 710, 721, 739, 737, 755, 757, 763, 768, 776, 778, 748, 817, 850, 910, 972, 1117, 779, 786, 800, 802, 805, 814, 815, 1118 Index 1229

applanatus 1039 Mosaic 871 curtisii 485, 845, 903, 907, 1002 Gerbera (Transvaal Daisy) 872 lucidum 485, 514, 731, 760, 805, Germander (Teucrium) 873 892, 898, 907, 954, 963, 1047, Geum (Avens) 873 1132, 1137 Ghost Ring 1065 oregonenses 797 Giant Hill 1034 oregonensis 838 Gibbago 327 polychromum 773 Gibbago trianthemae 327, 910 sequoiae 1068 Gibberella 179, 244, 485 sulcatum 932, 992 acuminatum 910 zonatum 485 baccata 179, 244, 708, 719, 803, 815, Ganoderma sp. 755 858, 878, 909 Ganoderma spp. 1100 baccata var. mori 972 Gardenia persicaria 1001 Canker 256 quinqueseptata 899 Gardenia (Cape-Jasmine) 868 saubinetti 899 Garlic zeae 485, 813, 888, 1112 (Allium sativum) 869 Gibberidea Garrya (Tassel-Tree, Silk-Tassel abundans 1039 Bush) 869 heliopsidis 136, 734, 879, 897, 1060, Gas Toxicity 423 1097 Gasteromycetous fungus 796 Gilbertella 486 Gaultheria (Checkerberry, Teaberry) Gilbertella persicaria 486, 1001 (Source of Oil of Wintergreen) 869 Gilia (Skyrocket) 873 Gaura 869 Gillenia (American Ipecac, Indian Gazania 870 Physic) 874 Gazania (Treasure flower) 870 Ginger, Edible (Zingiber) 874 Geastrumia 219 Ginger, Wild (Asarum) 874 polystigmatis 219, 719 Ginkgo (Maidenhair-Tree) 874 Geastrumia polystigmatis 753 Ginseng Gelatirosporium piricola 236 (Panax) 874 Genista (Wood-waxen) 870 Girdle 749 Gentian (Gentiana) 870 Girdling Roots 424 Geoglossaceae 56 Gladiolus 875 Geotrichum Botrytis Blight 160 candidum 500, 976, 1002, 1102 Flower Blight 170 citriaurantii 500 Mosaic 633 Geranium Scab 113 (Cranesbill, Herb-Robert) 872 Smut 588 (Pelargonium) 870 Glassy End 1034 (Pelargonium) Mosaic 632 Gleosporium sp. 895 Chlorotic Spot 632 Gliocephabotrichum Crinkle 632 bulbilium 1044 Leaf Spot 127, 129, 311 simplex 1044 1230 Index

Gliocladium confluens 728 (Isaria) 491 convallariae 938 roseum 491, 502 coryli 896 vermoeseni 502, 991 crataegi 894 viride 721 diospyri 1013 Gliocladium sp. 1035 fagi 748 Globe-Amaranth (Gomphrena) 876 ferrugineum 1049 Globe-Mallow (Sphaeralcea) 876 foliicolum 486, 804 Globe-Thistle (Echinops) 877 frigidum 850 Globodera fructigenum 842, 890, 998 rostochiensis 396, 841, 1034 hemerocallidis 1081 tabacum solanacearum 978 heterophyllum 728 Gloecephalus hemerocalli 828 hydrophylli 914 Gloeocercospora 327 inconspicuum 327, 844 inconspicua 327 leguminum 962 sorghi 327 limetticolum 90, 803 Gloeocereocospora inconspicua 756 liriodendri 1117 Gloeodes 220 manihotis 952 pomigena 220, 719, 753, 803, 816, melongenae 90, 841 832, 869, 987, 1004, 1138 mezerei 327, 828 Gloeophyllum sepiarium 492, 930 minus 818 Gloeosporium 90, 245, 327, 486 musarum 740 acerinum 953 nervisequum 1099 aceris 953 ochraceum 777 affine 987 oleae 1100 ailanthi 708 olivarum 984 aletridis 1089 osmaroniae 989 aleuriticum 1118 osmundae 856 allantosporum 90, 1045 paludosum 728 amygdalinum 711 perennans 714 angelicae 717 piperatum 90, 1011 apocryptum 90, 759, 953 polymorphum 839 aquifolli 904 prunicola 799 argemonis 1037 quercinum 90, 979 aridum 90, 730 ramosum 963 berberidis 741, 949 revolutum 942 betae 748 rhododendri 327 betularum 327 robergei 908 cactorum 769 rumicis 1057 callae 774 saccharinum 953 camphorae 777 salicis 1137 carthami 1058 sanguinariae 755 catalpae 785 sansevieriae 1063 cattleyae 987 senecionis 1067 Index 1231

septorioides 980 gossypii 93 syringae 936 lindemuthianum 94 tabernaemontanae 1105 nephrolepidis 94, 854 thalictri 958 phomoides 1109 thuemenii 771, 839 rubicola 721, 1045 thuemenii f. sp. tulipi 90, 1116 Glomerella sp. 328, 987 tineum 843 Glomerularia corni 835 trillii 1115 Glomus macrocarpum 978 tubiformis 709 Glory-Bush (Tibouchina) 877 ulmicola 328, 844 Gloxinia (Sinningia) 877 veronicae 1125 Glutinium yuccogenum 1142 macrosporum 245, 719 Gloeosporium sp. 90, 245, 705, 716, microsporum 1005 735, 738, 750, 751, 756, 762, 770, Gnaphalium (Cudweed) 877 796, 799, 814, 818, 820, 821, 833, Gnomonia 94, 179, 328 839, 840, 864, 872, 904, 923, 967, caryae 94, 902 975, 983, 990, 1006, 1009, 1010, caryae var. pecanae 328, 1007 1016, 1017, 1028, 1032, 1033, 1040, comari 328, 1093 1048, 1055, 1056, 1073, 1086, 1090, fragariae 328 1092, 1093, 1105 fructicola 1093 Gloeosporium spp. 721, 819, 1052, leptostyla 95, 1130 1137 nerviseda 328, 1007 Gloeotinia 486 platani 1025 granigera 486 quercina 979 temulenta 486, 888 rubi 179, 753, 754 Gloesporium tiliae 939 betulae-luteae 752 ulmea 328, 844 Gloesporium betularum 752 Gnomoniaceae 55 Gloesporium cactorum 770 Gnomoniella 329 Gloesporium sp. 813 coryli 329, 896 Glomerella 91, 179, 245, 328, 486 fmbriata 329 cincta 771, 833, 839, 906, 955, 992 fraxini 90 cingulata 91Ð93, 179, 199, 245, 258, Goats-Beard (Aruncus) 878 328, 486, 720, 721, 728, 736, 751, Godetia 878 753, 754, 756, 757, 775, 777, 789, Godfrey’s Meadow Nematode 405 791, 802, 803, 805, 806, 823, 824, Godronia 487 832, 841, 874, 884, 891, 893, 908, cassandrae f. sp. vaccinii 487, 756 909, 918, 920, 948, 951, 958, 970, Godronia cassandrae 487, 756, 818 974, 992, 995, 1001, 1005, 1007, Going-Out 331, 332 1011, 1030, 1038, 1041, 1045, Golden Nematode 396, 397 1048, 1051, 1052, 1056, 1074Ð Golden-Chain (Laburnum) 878 1076, 1100, 1112, 1118 Golden-Club (Orontium) 878 cingulata var. vaccinii 487, 818 Golden-Eye (Viguiera) 878 glycines 93, 1078 Golden-Glow (Rudbeckia lacinata) 879 1232 Index

Golden-Larch (Pseudolarix) 879 Grandinia granulosa 490 Goldenrain-Tree (Koelreuteria) 879 Granville Wilt 115, 121 Goldenrod Grape Scab 599 Anthracnose 596 Goldenrod (Solidago) 879 Downy Mildew 281 Goldenseal (Hydrastis) 880 Fanleaf 884 Goldentop (Lamarckia) 880 Leaf Roll 884 Goldthread (Coptis) 881 Leaf Roll = Grapevine Leafroll- Golovinomyces Associated Closterovirus 633 cichoracearum 442, 705, 708, 727Ð Powdery Mildew 452 729, 734, 735, 739, 750, 758, 771, Yellow Mosaic 884 772, 776, 779, 788, 800Ð802, 812, Yellow Mosaic F Strain of 815, 820Ð822, 825, 826, 829, 837, Grapevine Fanleaf Nepovirus 840, 841, 846, 848, 850, 851, 858, (Panachure) 633 867, 872, 873, 878Ð880, 882, 889, Yellow Vein = Tomato Ringspot 894, 897, 901, 905, 908, 914, 917, Nepovirus 634 919, 920, 929, 932, 934, 936, 939, Grape (Vitis) 882 941, 955, 957, 960Ð962, 964Ð966, Grape-Hyacinth (Muscari) 885 973, 976, 983, 995, 1009, 1017, Grapefruit 884 1030, 1031, 1035, 1037, 1039, Grapevine 1042, 1047, 1056, 1058Ð1061, Fanleaf Nepovirus 633 1067, 1071, 1087, 1091, 1092, Fleck 884 1097, 1106Ð1108, 1115, 1120, Fleck Virus 633 1121, 1123, 1124, 1133, 1139, Rupestris Vein Feathering 884 1141, 1144 Rupestris Vein Feathering cynoglossi 863 Marafivirus 633 orontii 1122 Stem Pitting Associated 884 Gonatobotryum 329 Stem Pitting Associated Chlos- apiculatum 329 terovirus 633 maculicola 1139 Graphiola 584 Gooseberry congesta 994 (Ribes) 881 phoenicis 584, 992, 993 Scab 601 thaxteri 994 Gopher Plant or Caper Spurge (Euphor- Graphiola phoenicis 994 bia) 881 Graphiolaceae 60 Gordonia (Franklinia and Loblolly- Graphium 329 Bay) 882 hamamelidis 1139 Gouania 882 sessile 765, 1063 Gourd (Lagenaria, Luffa, Trichosan- sorbi 330, 970 thes) 882 ulmi 683 Grading Injuries 424 Graphium spp. 1021 Graft Incompatibility 424 Grapvine Fanleaf 889 Graft Union Necrosis 722 Grass Grandinia (Hyphodontia) 490 Cyst Nematode 397 Index 1233

Nematode 385 Growth Cracks 1034 Sneath Nematode 395 Guar Grass-Of-Parnassus (Parnassia) 889 Symptomless 891 Grasses, Lawn, Turf 885 Symptomless Potyvirus 634 Gray Guar (Cyamopsis) 891 Bark 174 Guava Blight 377 Scab 601 Leaf 345, 346 Guava (Psidium) 891 Leaf Blight 182, 378 Guayule (Parthenium) 891 Leaf Mold 331, 332 Guignardia 220, 330, 487 Leaf Spot 364 aesculi 220, 909 Mold 160 bidwellii 488, 715, 884, 920, color Mold Blight 156 plate 7 Mold Fruit Rot 463 bidwellii f. sp. parthenocissi 330, Mold Neck Rot 462 1013, 1128 Mold Rot 156, 462 leucothoës 935 Scab 600 lonicerae 907 Spot 350 rhodorae 1049 Gray Bulb Rot 522 vaccinii 488, 818 Greasy Blotch 222 Gum Spot 1027 Greasy Spot 804 Gummosis 226, 424, 475, 510, 704, Green Dwarf 1036 723, 804, 1001 Green Fruit Rot 525 Gummy Stem Blight 186, 187 Green Mold 503 Gymnoascaceae 53 Green Mold Rot, Cosmopolitan 531 Gymnoconia Green Mottle 722 interstitialis 546 Green Ring Mottle 1002 nitens 552 Green Scurf 308 peckiana 546, 754, 832, 1046 Greeneria 485 Gymnosporangium 546 uvicola 485, 494, 884 asiaticum 549 Gremmeniella abietina 1019 bermudianum 547, 925 Grevillea (Silk-Oak) 889 bethelii 547, 895, 925 Grindelia (Gumweed) 889 biseptatum 547, 714, 790 Griphosphaeria 246 clavariiforme 547, 714, 798, 925, corticola 246, 1052 1006, 1041 Ground-Cherry, Husk-Tomato clavipes 547, 714, 722, 798, 817, (Physalis) 890 895, 925, 926, 959, 1006, 1018, Ground-Cherry, Purple-Flowered (Quin- 1041, 1042 cula) 890 confusum 548 Ground-Ivy (Gleoma) 890 corniculans 714, 925 Ground-Smoke (Gayophytum) 891 cornutum 548, 925, 970 Groundnut (Apios) 891 cunninghamianum 548 Grovesiella abieticola 262 cupressi 714, 825 Grovesinia pyramidalis 1130 davisii 548, 798, 925 1234 Index

effusum 548, 925 Hairy Root 98 ellisii 548, 743, 790, 1098, 1099, Halbaniella linnaeae 940 1135 Halesia (Silver-Bell, Snowdrop- exiguum 548, 895, 925 Tree) 893 exterum 548, 874, 925, 926 Halo Blight 116 floriforme 548, 895, 925 Hamelia (Scarlet-Bush) 893 fraternum 548, 790, 798 Hand-Operated Sprayers 33 fuseum 1006 Hapalosphaeria deformans 753, 832 globosum 548, 722, 817, 895, 925, Haplobasidium pavoninum 810 926, 970, 1006 Harbinger-Of-Spring (Erigenia) 893 gracile 549, 714, 925, 1041 Hard harknessianum 549, 714, 925 End 1005 hyalinum 549, 895, 1006 Hardenbergia 893 inconspicum 925 Hardy Orange (Poncirus) 893 inconspicuum 549, 714, 1088 Hares-Tail (Lagurus) 893 japonicum 549, 926, 1018 Harknessia rhoina 1096 juniperi-virginianae 549, 722, 817, Hawkbit, Fall Dandelion 925, color plate 2 (Leontodon) 893 juvenescens 714, 926 Hawksbeard (Crepis) 894 kernianum 550, 714, 926, 1006 Hawkweed (Hieracium) 894 libocedri 550, 714, 722, 817, 895, Hawthorn 916, 1041, 1042 (Crataegus) 894 multiporum 550, 926 Leaf Blight 178 nelsoni 714, 817, 895, 926, 970, Hawthorn Rust 548 1041, 1088 Hazel nelsonii 551 Dodder 274 nidus-avis 551 Hazelnut nidusavis 714, 722, 926, 1041 Filbert (Corylus) 895 nootkatense 551, 790, 817, 970, 1006 Leaf Blister 296 speciosum 551, 853, 926, 966 Head Blight 179 trachysorum 551, 895, 926 Head Browning 303 tremelloides 551, 926, 970 Head Rot 513, 523 tubulatum 895, 926 Head Scab 573 vauqueliniae 551, 926 Head Smut 586, 589 Gymnosporium Heart Rot 298, 425, 469, 473, 477, 478, exiguum 799 480, 485, 492, 504, 997, 1104 Gypsophila (Babys-Breath) 892 Heartwood Rot 476 Hackberry Heat Injury 425 Leaf Mosaic 892 Heath (Erica) 896 Sugarberry (Celtis) 892 Heather (Calluna) 896 Hadrotrichum 180 Hebe 896 globiferum 180, 945 Hedge Hairy Mistletoe 369 Parsley (Torilis) 897 Index 1235

Helenium (Sneezeweed) 897 rostratum 332, 762, 887 Helenium S. 897 sacchari 933 Helichrysum 897 sarracenia 1024 Helicobasidium 488 sativum 332, 887, 1104 brebissonii 489 sesami 489, 1068 corticioides 489 setariae 332 purpureum 715, 731, 749, 760, 765, siccans 332, 887 782, 785, 795, 812, 832, 843, 845, solani 579 878, 892, 903, 917, 951, 954, 972, sorokiniana 332 1008, 1035, 1047, 1056, 1072, stenacrum 332, 887 1075, 1076, 1097, 1102, 1124, stenophilum 887 1128, 1129, 1137 tetramera 1145 Helicoceras nymphaearum 1132 triseptatum 332, 887 Helicotylenchus 394 tritici-repentis 332 dihystera 394, 887 turcicum 180, 489, 813 erythrinae 394, 1012, 1079 vagans 332, 887 multicinctus 394, 1020 vignae 1078 nannus 394, 733, 738, 760, 771, 775, Helminthosporium (Bipolaris) 868, 887, 993, 1003, 1016, 1056, portulacae 1033 1079, 1111 Helminthosporium sp. 736, 740, 956, pseudorobustus 394, 883 977, 993, 994, 1004, 1028, 1110, Helicotylenchus sp. 756, 1066 1116, 1133 Helicotylenchus spp. 1053 Helotiaceae 57 Heliopsis 897 Helvellaceae 57 Heliotrope (Heliotropium) 897 Hemicriconemoides 395 Hellenium S. Carlavirus 634 biformis 395 Helminthosporium 180, 286, 330, chitwoodi 395 489, 906 floridensis 395 (Spondylocladium) 579 gaddi 395, 775 allii 985 wessoni 395, 1135 apiculiferum 994 Hemicriconemoides biformis 981 beaumontii 1125 Hemicycliophora 395 cactivorum 489, 769 arenaria 395 catenarium 180, 332, 1050 brevis 395, 772 cynodontis 332, 887 obtusa 395, 749 dictyoides 332, 887 oracilis 875 erythrospilum 332, 887 parvana 395, 787, 839 gigantea 180 similis 395, 756, 817 giganteum 332, 887, 1009, 1050 Hemicycliophora sp. 954, 1046 hawaiiense 1048 Hemicycliophora spp. 1053 maydis 180, 813 Hemlock molle 991 Blight 174 papulosum 287, 719, 1005 Dwarf Mistletoe 371 pedicellatrum 813 Needle 174 1236 Index

Needle Blight 174, 177, 178, 208 nigra 837, 860, 898, 916, 924, 970, Rust 567 1019, 1083, 1142 Hemlock (Tsuga) 898 Hesperis (Dames-Rocket) 900 Hemlock-Poplar Rust 553 Heterobasidion annosum 478 Hemp Heterodera (Cannabis) 899 avenae 396, 999 Hemp Broomrape 223 cacti 396, 769 Hempsesbania (Sesbania) 899 carotae 396, 782 Henbane Mosaic 634 cruciferae 396, 767 Henbit (Laminum) 899 fici 397, 859 Hendersonia 300, 333 glycines 397, 744, 1079, 1111 concentrica 333, 1049 gottingiana 397, 999, 1079 crataegicola 333, 894 humuli 397, 744, 821, 999 culmiseda 994 iri 397, 887 cydoniae 1005 mothi 397, 979 davisii 902 punctata 397, 883 foliorum var. viburni 1125 rostochiensis 397, 841, 1034, 1111 magnoliae 948 schachtii 397, 748, 973, 975, 1061 opuntiae 300, 769, 770 tabacum 397, 841, 923, 1012, 1111 rubi 711 trifolii 398, 748, 780, 1079, 1082 subalbicans 775 zeae 398, 813 tenella 1063 Heterodera and Globodera 395 tini 931, 1125 Heterosporium 181 Hendersonula 246, 691 abroniae 1062 pinicola 1019 allii 334, 985 toruloidea 246, 692, 803, 948, 1130 asperatum 1077 toruloides 859 echinulatum 334, 780, 833 Hepatica 899 escholtziae 334 Heracleum (Cow-Parsnip) 900 eschscholtziae 773 Hercules-Club (Aralia spinosa) 900 gracile 334, 798 Hercules-Club (Zanthoxylum clava- gracilis 828 herculis) 900 hybridum 806 Hericium 489 iridis 865, 994 erinaceous 954, 981 magnoliae 948 erinaceus 490, 1014, 1100, 1118 syringae 181, 936 obietis 528 trillii 1115 Hericium spp. 748 tropaeoli 975 Heronsbill (Erodium) 900 variabile 334, 767, 1082 Herpobasidium Heterosporium sp. 726, 835, 875, 937, deformans 907 946, 1059, 1115, 1127, 1129 filicinum 857 Heuchera (Alum-Root, Coral-Bells) 901 Herpotrichia 181 Hexaconazole 21 juniperi 181, 965 Hibbertia (Guinea-Gold-Vine) 901 Index 1237

Hibiscus Honey (Arborescent Forms) (Rose-of-Sharon, Locust (Gleditsia) 906 Confederate-Rose, Chinese Hibis- Honey Plant, Bitterbush (Picram- cus, Kenaf) 901 nia) 907 Chlorotic Ringspot 902 Honeysuckle Chlorotic Ringspot Carmovirus 634 (Lonicera) 907 Latent Fort Pierce 902 Hop Latent Fort Pierce Tobamovirus 634 American Latent 908 Hickory American Latent Carlavirus, Hop Anthracnose 94 Latent Carlavirus, Hop Mosaic Hickory (Carya) 902 Carlavirus 635 Higginisia 182 Cyst Nematode 397 hiemalis 182, 318 Latent 908 kerriae 182, 318 Mildew 451 Hippeastrum 903 Mosaic 908 Mosaic 713 Stunt Viroid 976, 1002 Hop (Humulus) 908 Mosaic Potyvirus 634 Hop-Hornbeam, Ironwood (Ostrya) 908 Hoarhound (Marrubium) 903 Hop-Tree (Ptelea) 909 Hoary-Tick Clover (Desmodium) 903 Hoplolaimus 398 Hollow Heart 425, 1034 bradys 839 Hollow Pocket 515, 517 coronatus 398, 780, 803, 887, 977, Hollow Stem 787 981, 1020, 1101, 1111 Holly galeatus 398 (Ilex) (Ilex opaca, American; magnistylus 398, 902 I. equifolium, English; I. cor- uniformis 398, 836, 904, 949 nuta, Chinese; I. crenata, Hoplolaimus sp. 946, 1053 Japanese) 903 Hopperburn 425, 1034 Blight 201 Hordeivirus 72 Leaf Spot 349, 350 Hormodendron cladosporiodes 721 Osmanthus (Osmanthus ilici- Hormotheca rubicola 364 folius) 905 Hornbeam (Carpinus) 909 West Indian (Leea coccinea) 906 Horse Hollyhock Purslane (Trianthema) 910 (Althaea) 905 Horse-Chestnut Leaf Blotch 220 Anthracnose 88 Horse-Chestnut Powdery Mildew Mosaic 634, 905 452, 453 Rust 564 Horse-Chestnut, Buckeye (Aescu- Holodiscus lus) 909 Witches’ Broom 635, 906 Horse-Gentian (Triosteum) 910 Holodiscus (Ocean Spray, Rock- Horse-Radish (Armoracia) 911 Spirea) 906 Horse-Radish Leaf Spot 122, 311 Homalomena 906 Horseweed (Conyza) 911 Honesty (Lunaria) 906 Hosta (Plantain-Lily) 911 1238 Index

Hosta Virus X 912 Hymenochaete 246 Houstonia (Bluets) 912 agglutinans 246, 709, 719, 751, 843, Hoya 912 895, 898, 936, 953, 965, 972, Huckleberry 1064, 1099, 1125 Evergreen (Vaccinium) 912 Canker 246 Huckleberry (Gaylussacia) 912 tabacina 1068 Huisache, Sweet Acacia (Acacia farne- Hymenopappus 915 siana) 913 Hyphodontia aspera 1084 Hyacinth Hypholoma 490 perplexum 823 Botrytis Blight 160 sublateritium 490 Mosaic 913 Hypoderma 182, 377 Mosaic Potyvirus 635 desmazierii 377, 1020 Yellows 125 hedgecockii 377, 1020 Hyacinth (Hyacinthus) 913 lethale 182, 1020 Hyacinth Yellows 129 lethali 377 Hyalodendron sp. 980 pedatum 1020 Hyalopsora 551 pini 1020 aspidiotus 551, 858, 861 robustum 377, 378, 861 cheilanthis 552, 855, 857 saccatum 1020 polypodii 552, 854, 858 Hypodermella 182, 378 Hybrigeminivirus 72 abietis-concoloris 182, 378, 861 Hydnaceae 61 ampla 378, 1020 Hydnum arcuata 1020 abietis 861 cerina 1020 balsameum 861 concolor 378, 1020 coralloides 838 lacrimformis 1020 septentrionale 528 laricis 182, 378, 930 Hydrangea 913 limitata 1020 Latent 914 medusa 1020 Latent Carlavirus 635 mirabilis 861 montana 1020 Leaf Spot 350 montivaga 1020 Phyllody Phytoplasma 635 nervata 378, 861 Ring Spot 914 punctata 861 Ring Spot Potexvirus 635 Hypodermella sp. 1020 virescence 913 Hypomyces Hydrated Lime and Copper Sulfate 21 cancri 899 Hydraulic Sprayers 31 ipomoeae 183, 1088 Hydrilla 914 Hyponectria 183 Hydrophyllum (Waterleaf) 914 buxi 183, 760 Hydrophyllum Leaf Spot 358 Hypospila californica 709 Hydroxyquinoline Sulfate 21, 27 Hypoxylon 248 Hymatotrichum omnivorum 721 atropunctatum 980, 981 Index 1239

Canker 248 Indigo-Bush, Lead-Plant (Amor- diatrypeoides 962 pha) 917 mammatum 248 Inflorescence Smut 585 mediterraneum 980 Ink Spot 187, 188, 315, 316, 875 morsei 953 Inkberry (Ilex glabra) 917 pruinatum 1031 Inonotus 490 punctulatum 980 circinatus 517 tinctor 1025 dryadeus 515 Hypoxylon spp. 719, 1064 hispidus 515 Hypsizygus ulmarius 514 tomentosus 490, 515, 1084 Hypsoperine 398 Insecticide 11 graminis 398, 887, 1145 Internal Hyssop (Hyssopus) 915 Bark Necrosis 720, 1001 Hysteriaceae 54 Breakdown 1102 Brown Spot 1034, 1102 Browning 723, 1133 Ice Browning or Cork 425 Plant (Carpobrotus) 915 Intumescence 999, 1102 Idaeovirus 72 Inula (Elecampane) 917 Idriella 490 Iononutus circinatus 1021 lunata 490, 1094 Ipomovirus 72 Ilarvirus 72 Iprodione 21 Illosporium 334 Irene maculicola 954 araliae 141, 948 malifoliorum 334, 719, 817 calostroma 141, 1134 Imazalil 21 perseae 141, 736 Impatiens (Irene) Asteridiella 141 Latent 915 Irenina Latent Potexvirus 636 manca 141, 980, 1134 Necrotic Spot 750, 801, 802, 824, sanguinea 832 845, 852, 877, 912, 915, 986, Irenopsis 1004, 1012, 1036, 1038, 1045, cryptocarpa 142 1064, 1074 martiniana 142, 1047 Necrotic Spot Phytoplasma 979 Iresine (Blood-Leaf) 917 Necrotic Spot Tospovirus 636 Iris Serotype 706, 969, 1015 Basal Rot 481 Impatiens (Garden Balsam, Sultan) 915 Fulva Mosaic 919 Incense Cedar Mistletoe 369 Fulva Mosaic Potyvirus and Iris Severe Incense-Cedar (Libocedrus Mosaic Potyvirus 635 [ = Calocedrus decurrens]) 916 Mosaic 739, 819, 865, 918, 920, India-Hawthorn (Raphiolepis) 916 1080, 1095, 1115, 1134 Indian Cucumber-Root (Medeola) 916 Mosaic = Iris Mild Mosaic Indian Grass (Sorghastrum) 916 Potyvirus 636 Indigo (Indigofera) 916 Rust 563 1240 Index

Severe Mosaic 918, 919 Jacaranda 921 Yellow Bunyaviridae 1080 Jack-Bean, Sword Bean Yellow Spot Tospovirus 636 (Canavalia) 921 Iris (Bulbous) (English, Spanish, Jack-In-The-Pulpit (Arisaema) 921 Dutch) 918 Jacobinia 921 Iris (Rhizomatous) (German, Siberian, Jacquemontia (Small Flower Morning Native Species) 918 Glory) 921 Irish Jacquinia 922 Leaf Spot 322, 323 Jamesia (Cliffbrush) 922 Iron Deficiency 425 Jasmine (Jasminum) 922 Ironweed Jasmine Scab 598 (Vernonia) 919 Jatropha 922 Irpex 491 Java Black Rot 475 lacteus 491 Javanese Root-Knob Nematode 403 tulipiferae 719 Jerusalem-Cherry Isaria (Solanum pseudocapsicum) (Also clonostachoides 491, 1112 Solanum capsicastrum, False Rot 491 Jerusalem- cherry; S. dulcama- Isariopsis 334 ra, Bittersweet; S. integrifoli- griseola 334, 744, 1100 um, Scarlet Eggplant; S. nigrum, laxa 744 Black nightshade) 923 Island Chlorosis 892 Jetbead (Rhodotypos) 923 Issatchenkia scutulata 976, 1002 Jipijapa (Carludovia palmata) 923 Isthmiella Jobs-Tears (Coix lachryma-jobi) 923 abietis 376 Johnsongrass faulii 376 Mosaic Potyvirus 636 Italian Dandelion (Cichorium inty- Johnsongrass (Sorgum) 924 bus) 919 Johnsongrass Mosaic 924 Itchgrass Jointweed (Polygonello articulata) 924 (Rottobellia) 919 Jojoba (Simmondsia) 924 Itersonilia 183 Jonathan Spot 720 perplexans 183, 733, 800, 834, 997, Jujube (Zizyphus) 924 1097 Junghuhnia luteoalba 517 Itersonilia sp. 183 Juniper Ivesia 919 Blight 197 Ivy Gall Rust 548 Boston (Parthenocissus tricuspida- Mistletoe 369 ta) 919 Red-Cedar (Juniperus) 924 English (Hedera helix) 920 Ixia 920 Kabatia 335 Mosaic 636 lonicerae 335, 907 Ixora 921 periclymeni 336 Index 1241

Kabatiella Kuehneola 552 microsticta 918, 938 malvicola 552, 902, 951, 1055 phorodendri f. sp. umbellulariae 772 uredinis 552, 754, 832, 1046 zeae 813 Kuhnia (False-Boneset) 929 Kabatiella sp. 828 Kumquat (Fortunella) 929 Kabatina 248 Kunkelia 552 juniperi 248 nitens 552, 754, 832, 1046 Kageneckia 926 Kutilakesa 292 Kalanchoe 926 pironii 292, 807, 820 Latent 927 Top-Spotting 927 Labrella 184 Top-Spotting Badnavirus 637 aspidistrae 184, 733 Kalmia Leaf Spot 350 Laburnum Kansas Lettuce Disease 114 Mosaic 637 Kaskaskia gleditsiae 906 Labyrinthula sp. 885 Kellermania Lachnellula 248 anomala 184 agassizi 238 sisyrinchii 184, 757 pseudotsuga 238 Kellermannia 184 resinaria 239 anomala 1142 subtilissima 239 Kentucky Coffee-Tree (Gymno- willkommii 239, 248, 930 cladus) 927 Laestadia Kernel Spot 498, 1008 asarifolia 353 Kerria 927 Leaf 182 brunnea 954 Leaf Spot 317, 318 prenanthis 1037 Kidney Vetch, Ladys-Fingers (Anthyl- Laestadia (Plagiostoma) 353 lis) 927 Laetiporus sulphureus 515, 516 Kiwi Laetisaria fuciformis 471 (Actinidia) 927 Lambertella Kloeckera apiculata 976, 1002 pruni 724, 1027 Kluyveromyces 491 Lambertella sp. 792 marxianus var. marxianus 491, 986 Lamium (Perennial Groundcover) 929 Kniphofia (Tritoma, Torch-Lily, Poker- Lantana 929 Plant) 927 Lappula (Hackelia) 929 Knobbiness 1034 Larch Knotroot Bristlegrass (Setaria genicula- (Larix) 930 ta) 928 Needle 182, 378 Kochia (Summer-Cypress) 928 Larch Needle Rust 553 Kohleria 928 Larch-Willow Rust 554 Kresoxim-Methyl 21 Large Brown Patch Rot 500 Kriegeria sp. 925 Larkspur 931 Krigia (Dwarf Dandelion) 928 Lasiobotrys 335 Kudzu (Pueraria) 928 affinis 907 1242 Index

lonicerae 335 Curl and Wilt 311, 314 symphoricarpi 1075 Drop 512, 1017 Lasiobotrys lonicerae 907 Fleck 338 Lasiodiplodia 491 Gall 289, 293 Lasiodiplodia (Botryodiplodia) 461 gall 292 Lasiodiplodia theobromae 175, 176, Hair Discoloration 344 226, 241, 461, 475, 491, 841, 1004 Mold 331Ð334, 372Ð374 Lasmenia sp. 1044 Mottle 748 Late Rust 565, 567 Blight 201 Rust of Rose 556 Blight of Potato 202 Scald 122, 910 Blight of Tomato 204 Scorch 298Ð300, 427, 720, 748, 785, Late Leaf Rust 566 875, 881, 954, 1008, 1053, 1131 Laurel 931 Smut 583, 584, 588 Laurel, Sweet Bay (Laurus) 931 Spot 84, 87, 94, 95, 102, 103, 109, Laurestinus (Viburnum tinus) 931 111, 113Ð115, 120, 124, 126, 128, Lavatera (Treemallow) 931 130, 152, 153, 170Ð172, 186, 199, Lavender (Lavandula) 931 206, 250, 300, 303Ð308, 310Ð322, Lawns 932 324Ð357, 359Ð365, 571, 584, 960 Layia (Tidy-Tips) 932 Spot or Greasy Spot 341 Le Moine Disease 1010 Spot/Blotch 328 Leadtree (Leucaena) 932 Streak 122 Leaf 163 Yellow Strip Virus 869 and Cane Rust 557 Yellow Strip, Mosaic, Dwarfism 869 and Crown Necrosis 526 Yellows 923 and Flower Spot 128 Leaf, Stem and Bub Blight 206 and Petal or Greasy Spot 330, 332 Leaf, Stem and Fruit Spot 97 and Pod Spot 89, 92, 330, 332 Leafroll 1111 and Stalk Blight 161 Leafroll Disease 884 and Stalk Rot 475 Leak 519 and Stem Blight 200 Leatherwood (Dirca) 932 and Stem Smut 587, 588 Lebbek (Albizzia lebbek) 932 and Stem Spot 306, 313 Lecanosticta sp. 1019 and Twig Blight 175 Ledum Blight 90, 92, 111, 122, 153, 166, Spot Anthracnose 598 167, 171, 180, 183Ð188, 192, Ledum (Labrador-Tea) 932 194Ð196, 201, 206, 209, 213, 215, Leek 932 321, 337, 338, 353, 361, 489 Lembosia Blister 295, 297 (Morenoella) 141 Blotch 84, 219, 221, 312, 313, 321, acicola 1019 328, 341, 358, 881, 904 andromedae 947 Cast 183, 261 cactorum 142, 770 Crinkle 1143 camphorae 777 Curl 297 coccolobae 142, 808 Index 1243

illiciicola 142, 717 coniothyrium 249, 719, 753, 754, lucens 869, 1070 832, 881, 1045, 1052, 1094 oleae 831 heliopsidis 136 philodendri 808 korrae 185, 492, 885, 886 portoricense 808 maculans 138, 767, 778 rolfsii 1122 obtusipora 1143 rugispora 142, 1047 physalidis 890 tenella 808 thomasiana 185, 832 Lembosina tini 931, 1125 (Morenoella) 340 Leptosphaeria sp. 185, 833, 964 quercina 340 Leptosphaerulin arachidicola 1003 Lemon 933 Leptostromataceae 63 Lemon Grass, Citronella Grass (Cymbo- Leptostromella 335 pogon) 933 bignoniae 751 Lenticel Enlargement 1034 elastica 335, 1056 Lentil (Lens) 933 Leptothyrella 335 Lentinus 491 acerinum 954 lepideus 492, 1021 californicum 980 tigrinus 492, 731, 981, 1014 pomi 869, 1041 Lentinus spp. 1119 Leptothyrella liquidambaris 336, 1099 Lenzites 492 Leptothyrium 336 betulina 492, 748, 772, 836, 940 californicum 336 betulinum 845 doelligeriae 734 saepiaria 492, 710, 726, 790, 825, dryinum 336 838, 916, 925, 930, 948, 1002, lychnidis 946 1021, 1027, 1031, 1068 periclymeni 336, 907 trabea 710 pomi 754, 832, 883, 1005, 1014, Lenzites spp. 739, 954 1045, 1138 Leopard Spot Disease 600 pseudotsugae 838 Lepiota morgani 284, 886 Lesion Nematodes 406 Leprosis 804 Lespedeza 933 Leptographium Lethal Disease Decline 1092 (Verticicladiella) 532 Lethal Yellowing 133, 991 abietinum 532 Lettuce penicillata 532 (Lactuca) 933 procera 533 Anthracnose 95 procerum 1021 Big Vein 934 terebrantis 1021 BigVeinVaricosavirus 637 wagenerii 533 chlorosis 749 Leptospermum 933 Drop 526 Leptosphaeria 136, 138, 184, 249, 492 Infectious Yellows 749, 783, 934, (Melanomma) conithyrium 185 960, 1087, 1134 berberidis 949 Infectious Yellows Closterovirus 637 1244 Index

Mosaic 745, 777, 788, 795, 865, 870, Ring Spot = Cucumber Mosaic Cucu- 934, 1061, 1082, 1087, 1121 movirus 639 Mosaic Potyvirus 637 Rosette 639, 938 Speckles Mottle 749, 934, 1082 Symptomless 938 Speckles Mottle Umbravirus 637 Symptomless Carlavirus 639 Lettuce Serotype 969 X 938 Leucojum (Snowflake) 935 Lily (Lilium) 937 Leucospermum 935 Lily-Of-The-Valley (Convallaria) 938 Leucostoma 249 Lima Bean cincta 249, 266, 719 Mild Mottle 745 kunzei 266 Pod Blight 172 persoonii 266 Scab 598 Leucothoë 935 Limacinula anomala 140 Leucothoë Limb Blight 167, 168 Leaf Spot 345 Limber Neck 937 Leveillula 445 Lime taurica 445, 755, 774, 821, 830, 867, Anthracnose 87, 90, 92 891, 897, 902, 962, 985, 1012, Sulfur 22 1035, 1111 Lime-Induced Chlorosis 428 Lewisia (Bitterroot) 935 Limonomyces roseipellis 885 Liatris (Gayfeather) 936 Linaria (Blue Toadflax; Butter and Lightning Injury 427 Eggs) 939 Ligustrum 936 Linden Lilac Anthracnose 84 Blight 117 Basswood (Tilia) 939 Leaf Blight 181 Leaf Blight 165 Mildew 445 Spot Anthracnose 599 Mottle 937 Linnaea (Twin-Flower) 940 Mottle Carlavirus 637 Linospora 185, 336 Ring Spot 937 brunellae 1039 Ring Spot Carlavirus 638 gleditschiae 336 Shoot Blight 200 gleditsiae 907 Witches’ Broom 937 psederae 715 Witches’ Broom Phytoplasma 638 tetraspora 185, 1030 Lilac (Syringa) 936 Linzites betulina 981 Lily Lions-Ear (Leonotis) 940 Botrytis Blight 159 Lippia Color Adding 638 Spot Anthracnose 600 Color Removing 638 Lippia (Fog-Fruit, Lemon-Verbena) 940 Fleck 638, 938 Lipstick Vine (Aeschynanthus) 940 Latent Mosaic 638, 938 Lirula 379 Mottle 938 abietis-concoloris 182, 378 Mottle Potyvirus 638 macrospora 379 Ring Spot 938 nervata 378 Index 1245

Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflora) 940 Lophodermium 336, 379 Lithocarpus (Tanbark Oak) 941 autumnale 861 Lithophragma (Woodland-Star) 941 consciatum 861 Lithospermum (Gromwell, Puc- decorum 861 coon) 941 dracaenae 839 Litsea (Pond-Spice) 941 durilabrum 379, 1020 Little Leaf 429, 711, 723, 737, 792, filiforme 379, 1084 859, 883, 942, 952, 1001, 1005, heteromeles 1017 1027, 1131 juniperinum 379, 916, 925 Little Peach 1027 lacerum 861 Littleseed Alfalfa Dodder 274 laricinum 930 Lobelia (Cardinal-Flower, Blue laricis 930 Lobelia) 941 nitens 379, 1020 Locust piceae 379, 861, 1084 Witches’ Broom 639, 942 pinastri 379, 1020 Locust (Robinia) 942 ponderosae 1020 Lodgepole Pine Dwarf Mistletoe 370 schweinitzii 336, 1049 Loganberry 943 seditiosum 379, 1020 Loganberry Dwarf 639, 754, 832 thujae 726 Lolium Latent 889 uncinatum 861 Lolium Latent Potexvirus 640 Lophodermium sp. 825, 930 Lomatium (Biscuit-Root) 943 Lophophacidium hyperboreum 1083 London Loquat Plane Canker 243 Scab 573, 574 Longidorus Loquat (Eriobotrya) 943 elongatus 399 Lotus (Nelumbo) 944 maximus 399 Louisiana Broomrape 223 Longidorus and Paralongidorus 398 Louisiana Lettuce Disease 120 Longidorus sp. 1021, 1079 Lucuma (Canistel, Egg-Fruit) 944 Lonicera Ludwigia (False Loosestrife) 944 Infectious Variegation 640 Lunariae 906 Loose Bud 913 Lupine Loose Kernel Smut 586 (Lupinus) 944 Loosestrife Luteovirus 72 Fringed (Steironema) 943 Lychee 946 Moneywort (Lysimachia) 943 Lychnis (Campion) 946 Lophiostomataceae 55 Lycium (Desert-Thorn, Christmasber- Lophodermella 185 ry) 946 cerina 1019 Lycoris 946 concolor 378 Lyonia (Maleberry, Fetterbush, Stagger- Lophodermella sp. 185 bush) 947 Lophodermina Lysiloma 947 prunicola 799 Lythrum (Winged, Purple Looses- septata 1084 trife) 947 1246 Index

Maackia 947 Magnolia 948 Macadamia 947 Leaf Spot 350 Machlomovirus 73 Scab 598 Macluravirus 73 Mahogany (Swietenia) 949 Macrophoma 249, 337, 493, 884 Mahogany Browning 1034 candollei 249, 337, 760 Mahonia (Oregon-Grape) 949 cupressi 249, 825 Maianthemum 950 cylindrospora 1016 Mainsia rubi 832 diospyri 1014 Maize fici 858 Chlorotic Dwarf Virus 1009 halstedii 936 Chlorotic Mottle 814 pandani 994 Chlorotic Mottle Machlovirus 640 parca 860 Dwarf Mosaic 814, 889 Dwarf Mosaic Potyvirus 640 phacediella 904 Rayado Fino 814 philodendri 967 Rayado Fino Marafivirus 640 phoradendron 249 Stripe 814 rubi 1045 Stripe Tenuivirus 640 sphaeropsispora 880 Stunt = Maize Chlorotic Dwarf straminella 1050 Waikavirus 640 taxi 1142 White Line Mosaic 641 trichosanthis 882 Malachra 950 tumefaciens 249 Malacothrix 950 vincae 1126 Malampsora Macrophoma sp. 493, 779, 886, 920, abieti-capraearum 553 953, 1052 Mallotus 950 Macrophoma spp. 1137 Mallow Macrophomina 185, 493 Garden (Malva) 950 phaseoli 704, 732, 743, 749, 768, Malva 770, 778, 800, 804, 808, 815, Vein Clearing 951 821, 826, 841, 849, 884, 899, 928, Vein Clearing Potyvirus 641 938, 945, 951, 954, 956, 960, 983, Malvastrum (False-Mallow, Bush- 985, 998, 1004, 1012, 1017, 1021, Mallow) 951 1035, 1058, 1068, 1074, 1078, Malvaviscus 951 1097, 1102, 1112, 1123, 1133, Mamianiella 1144 coryli 329 phaseolina 185, 493, 713, 881, 969, fimbriata 329 1077, 1079, 1085, 1087, 1093, Mancozeb 22 1097, 1109 Maneb 22 Macrosporium baccatum 910 Manfreda (Spice-Lily, Wild Madrone (Arbutus menziesii) 948 Tuberose) 951 Magnaporthe 493 Manganese Deficiency 429 poae 494, 887, 888 Mango Magnesium Deficiency 429 Scab 598 Index 1247

Mango (Mangifera) 951 daphnes 328, 337, 828 Mangrove (Rhizophora) 952 delastrei 337, 814, 1070 Manihot (Cassava, Manioc) 952 fraserae 811 Manzanita (Arctostaphylos) 952 fraxini 337 Maple grossulariae 881 Anthracnose 90, 92 juglandis 337 Brown Leaf Blister 297 kriegeriana 1137 Canker 264 lonicerae 907, 979 Inflorescence Blight 166 martini 980 Leaf Blister 295 melonis 959, 1133 Leaf Spot 113, 115, 350, 359 neilliae 979 Wilt 693 ochroleuca 337, 794 Maple (Acer) 953 panattoniana 846, 933 Marafivirus 73 populi 337 Marah 955 potentillae 1036 Maranta (Calathea) 955 rhabdospora 338 Marasmiellus pigmentatus 500 rhamni 763 Marasmius ribicola 823 oreades 284, 886 rosae 338, 1052 Marasmius spp. 745 thomasiana 850 Maravalia (Scopella) 567 tremulae 338 Maravalia sapotae 567 truncatula 338, 954 Marginal Blight 114 violae 1127 Marginal Browning 429, 1034 wyethiae 1140 Marginal Leaf Blight 1005 Marssonina juglandis 902 Marginal Scorch 1027 Marssonina sp. 728, 753, 927 Marguerite (Argyranthemum Marssonina spp. 1031, 1137 frutescens) 955 Massaria 249 Marigold platani 249, 1025 Leaf Spot 362 Mastigosporium 338 Marigold (Tagetes) 955 rubricosum 338, 887 Mariposa-Lily, Globe-Tulip (Calochor- Matelea 957 tus) 956 Matricaria (False Chamomile) 957 Marsh-Marigold (Caltha) 956 Matrimony-Vine (Lycium halimifoli- Marshelder (Iva xanthifolia) 956 um) 957 Marsonina Maurandya 957 brunnea 1031 Mauritius-Hemp (Furcraea) 957 Marssonina 337 May-Apple (Podophyllum) 958 adunca 873 Meadow-Beauty (Rhexia) 958 apicalis 1137 Meadow-Rue (Thalictrum) 958 baptisiae 741 Meadowsweet (Filipendula) 958 californica 1130 Measles 219, 720 callae 774 Medeolaria farlowii 916 coronaria 817 Medicago (Black Medic) 959 1248 Index

Medlar (Mespilus) 959 Melanospora Megalonectria pseudotrichia 858 (Erostrotheca) 374 Melaleuca 959 destruens 818 Melampodium (Melampodium divarica- fallax 713 tum) 959 multiformis 374 Melampsora 552 Melanospora sp. 756 abieti-capraearum 862, 988, 1137 Melasmia 338 abietis-canadensis 553, 898 falcata 338 albertensis 838, 1032 galii 867 arctica 553, 1064, 1137 menziesiae 338 bietis-canadensis 1032 menziesii 738, 961 epitea 1137 rhododendri 1049 euphorbiae 1085 Melilotus 959 farlowii 553, 898 Meliodogyne sp. 796 hypericorum 553, 1060 Meliola 142 larici-populina 553, 930, 1021, 1032 amphitricha 142, 831, 948, 1047 medusae 536, 553, 930, 1032 bidentata 142, 751, 1062 medusae f. sp. deltoidae 554, 839, camelliae 142, 775 1021 cookeana 142, 774, 929 medusae f. sp. deltoidea 930 cryptocarpa 142, 882 occidentalis 554, 1032 furcata 751 paradoxa 554, 930, 1137 jatrophae 922 populnea 1032 lippiae 142, 940 ribesii-purpureae 554, 824, 1137 magnoliae 142, 948 Melampsoraceae 59 manca 1134 Melampsorella 554 martiana 143 caryophyllacearum 554, 861 mitchellae 997 cerastii 862, 1084 nidulans 143, 756, 835 Melampsoridium 554 palmicola 143 betulinum 554, 752, 930 tenuis 143, 739 carpini 909 wrightii 143 Melamsoridium Meliola sp. 795, 952, 1060 alni 710 Meliola spp. 994 Melanconiaceae 63 Meloderma desmazierii 377 Melanconidiaceae 56 Melogrammataceae 56 Melanconis 250 Meloidodera 399 alni 709 floridensis 399, 1021 juglandis 250, 1130 Meloidodera javanica 1021 stilbostoma 752 Meloidodera sp. 838 Melanconium 338, 494 Meloidoderita 399 fuligineum 494, 884 Meloidoderita sp. 883 pandani 338, 994 Meloidogyne 399, 792 Melanorhiza 737 arenaria 402, 703, 707, 744, 748, Melanose 474 760, 767, 780, 782, 868, 904, 960, Index 1249

1001, 1003, 1012, 1034, 1043, 940, 943, 945, 949, 952, 954, 955, 1115, 1133 957, 961, 962, 966Ð969, 973Ð978, arenaria thamesi 402, 1037 981, 984, 990, 993, 995, 998, 1005, arenaria var. thamesi 963, 1111 1009, 1014, 1016, 1021, 1023, 1024, chitwoodi 402, 748, 813, 1034, 1111 1029, 1030, 1032, 1033, 1040Ð floridensis 1111 1042, 1051, 1053, 1055, 1057, 1059, graminicola 402, 808, 979 1061, 1063, 1064, 1066, 1068, 1069, hapla 402, 703, 704, 717, 741, 744, 1077, 1083, 1088, 1090, 1091, 1095, 748, 760, 772, 780, 806, 808, 813, 1097Ð1099, 1103Ð1106, 1108, 1113, 828, 841, 851, 864, 868, 873, 875, 1114, 1116, 1118, 1120, 1123, 1124, 904, 934, 956, 960, 963, 964, 969, 1127, 1135, 1137, 1141, 1143, 1144 1003, 1010, 1012, 1034, 1053, Meloidogyne spp. 720, 729, 731, 733, 1059, 1068, 1079, 1083, 1086, 740, 750, 764, 771, 781, 795, 800, 1093, 1111 801, 809, 829, 831, 837, 845, 859, incognita 403, 703Ð705, 738, 744, 865, 871, 875, 880, 883, 890, 901, 760, 765, 769, 775, 782, 787, 905, 914, 921, 923, 928, 929, 937, 791, 792, 821, 828, 841, 868, 887, 939, 941, 942, 972, 989, 991, 993, 904, 918, 921, 927, 963, 969, 977, 996, 997, 999, 1008, 1010, 1015, 983, 985, 1001, 1008, 1010, 1012, 1017, 1027, 1034, 1038, 1050, 1029, 1037, 1056, 1065, 1068, 1056, 1058, 1060, 1069, 1070, 1074, 1076, 1101, 1111, 1133 1081Ð1083, 1087, 1101, 1120, 1123, incognita-acrita 742, 760, 780, 864, 1125Ð1127, 1131, 1139 1101 Melon javanica 403, 744, 748, 760, 767, Anthracnose 88 771, 780, 782, 792, 796, 821, 841, Leaf Curl 961 868, 904, 963, 1001, 1003, 1043, Leaf Curl Bigeminivirus 641 1058, 1063, 1068, 1074, 1079, Muskmelon, Cantaloupe, Cassabra 1111, 1133 (Cucumis melo) 959 mayaguensis 717 Necrotic Spot 960 naasi 887 Necrotic Spot Carmovirus 641 ovalis 403, 954 Root Rot 519 partityla 1008 Melothria 961 Meloidogyne sp. 704Ð706, 709, 711Ð Melting-out 330Ð332 713, 723, 727Ð730, 732, 734Ð736, Mentzelia (Blazing Star) 961 739, 742, 751, 757, 759, 762, 763, Menziesia 961 766, 769Ð771, 773, 774, 776Ð779, Mercury Toxicity 429, 1053 784, 785, 788, 791, 795, 797, 799, Meria 250 802, 806Ð808, 811Ð815, 820, 822, laricis 250, 930 824Ð827, 833, 834, 837, 839, 840, Meria laricis 930 843, 845Ð849, 851, 853, 862, 864Ð Merismodes ochracea 264 866, 872Ð874, 876Ð878, 882, 887, Merlinius joctus 409, 756 889, 891Ð893, 898, 899, 902, 903, Mertensia (Bluebells, Virginia 905, 907, 908, 911, 912, 915, 917, Cowslip) 961 918, 921, 922, 927, 931, 936, 938, Merulius hexa-gonoides 1068 1250 Index

Mesembryanthemum (Fig- Microsphaera sp. 847, 929, 945, 1071 Marigold) 962 Microsphaeropsis concentrica 319 Mesocriconema 390 Microspora (Erysiphe) palczewskii Mesocriconema (Criconemella) 1125 1007 Mesocriconema xenoplax 391 Microstroma 339 Mesquite brachysporum 1130 (Prosopis) 962 juglandis 339, 902, 1007, 1130 Metalaxyl 22 tonellianum 792 Metalaxyl M 22 Microstroma sp. 748 Metam-Sodium 22, 28 Microthyriaceae 54 Metiram 22 Microthyriella 287, 339 Micosphaerella maculiformis var. hip- cuticulosa 339, 904 pocastani 910 rubi 287, 719, 987 Microbotryum silybum 1108 Mignonette Microcera coccophila 1007 (Reseda) 962 Microdochium 95 Mikania (Climbing Hempweed) 963 (Fusarium) 592 Mild Cattleya Color-Break 987 nivale 592 Mild Mosaic 1035 panattonianum 95 Milesia Micropeltaceae 55 darkeri 857 Micropeltis 186, 339 dilatata 858 alabamensis 339, 948 fructuosa 858, 861 viburni 186 glycyrrhiza 857 Microsphaera 445 laeviuscula 857 alni 709, 731, 738, 741, 748, 752, marginalis 858, 861 753, 759, 763, 766, 784, 786, polypodophila 857, 861 794, 797, 834, 836, 843, 845, 851, polystichi 855 863, 869, 896, 902, 904, 907Ð909, vogesiaca 855 932, 937, 939, 954, 968, 970, 981, Milesina 555 1008, 1025, 1049, 1060, 1077, fructuosa 555 1083, 1101, 1115, 1126, 1131, laeviuscula 555 1138, 1139 marginalis 555 alni var. cinnamomi 777 pycnograndis 555 alni var. vaccinii 716, 756, 785, 817, Milk Thistle (Silybum) 963 847, 913, 947, 961, 971, 1136 Milkwort (Polygala) 963 berberidis 974 Mimosa Striped Chlorosis 963 diffusa 446, 742, 744, 812, 942, 957, Mimosa Striped Chlorosis Bad- 1075, 1079, 1140 navirus 641 euphorbiae 446, 744, 837, 1055, Mimosa Wilt 690 1075, 1085 Mimosa, Silk-Tree (Albizzia julib- grossulariae 446, 823, 843, 881 rissin) 963 penicillata 445, 446, 935 Mimulus (Monkey-Flower) 963 pulchra 446, 836 Mint russellii 989 Anthracnose 600 Index 1251

Crinkle 964 urnula 497 Crinkle Closterovirus 641 vaccinii-corymbosi 757 Mint (Mentha) 964 Monilochaetes 497, 579 Mirabilis infuscans 497, 579, 922, 969, 1102 Mosaic 864 Monkshood Mosaic Caulimovirus 641 Aconite (Aconitum) 967 Miscanthus 964 Vine (Ampelopsis aconitifolia) 967 Mist Sprayers 30 Monochaetia 250, 339 Mistletoe compta 1052 Dwarf (Arceuthobium spp.) 965 crataegi 894 Mistletoe (Phoradendron) 965 desmazierii 794, 844, 902, 910, 954, Miyagia pseudosphaeria 1077 980, 1125, 1139 MLO 730, 936, 1013, 1045, 1126 kansensis 794 Mock-Cucumber (Echinocystis) 965 mali 250, 719 Mock-Orange (Philadelphus) 965 monochaeta 339 pinicola 1019 Mock-Strawberry (Duchesnea) 966 rosenwaldia 723 Mollisiaceae 57 unicornis 825 Molybdenum Toxicity 430 Monogeminivirus 73 Mombin Monographella 95 Scab 601 nivales 592 Monarda (Horse-Mint, Bee-Balm) 966 opuntiae 95 Monardella 966 Monosporascus 497 Moneses (Wood-Nymph) 966 cannonballus 497, 960, 1133 Monilia sitophila 960 Monstera 967 Moniliaceae 63 Montia (Indian Lettuce) 967 Monilinia 494 Moonflower (Calonyction) 967 (Sclerotinia) 186 Moonseed (Menispermum) 968 amelanchieris 714 Morea 968 azaleae 186, 737 Morenoella demissa 798 angustiformis 142 fructicola 186, 494, 712, 714, 721, cliftoniae 764 724, 792, 794, 798, 884, 976, dothideoides 947 1001, 1005, 1027, 1041, 1042, ilicis 903, 917 1046, color plate 16 quercina 340, 980 gregaria 714 Morinda johnsonii 186, 894 Scab 600 laxa 186, 495, 711, 721, 723, 792, Morinda (Royoc, Indian-Mulberry) 968 794, 976, 1001, 1005, 1026, 1041, Morning-Glory (Ipomoea) 968 1042 Mosaic 704, 707, 708, 713, 715, 716, ledi 1135 722, 759, 770, 778, 795, 811, 815, oxycocci 496, 818 819, 837, 840, 846, 848, 866, 879, padi 798 880, 882, 890, 897, 902, 908, 927, rhododendri 186, 792 966, 967, 969, 977, 982, 995, 997, 1252 Index

1017, 1025, 1057, 1064, 1069, 1074, Mustard Mosaic 642 1076, 1081, 1092, 1095 Mycelial Neck Rot 463 Clover Yellow Vein Potyvirus 1040 Myclobutanil 22 Moss Mycocentrospora 343, 464, 494 Rose (Portulaca grandiflora) 969 acerina 464, 494, 782 Motherwort (Leonurus) 969 verrucosa 343 Mottle 1036 Mycoleptodiscus 498 Mottle Leaf 430, 723, 737, 804 terrestris 498, 1078, 1114, 1132 Mountain-Ash (Sorbus) 969 Mycoplasmataceae 130 Mountain-Heather (Phyllodoce) 970 Mycosphaerella 186, 221, 287, 340, Mountain-Holly (Nemopanthus) 970 379, 726, 980 Mountain-Laurel aleuritidis 1118 Leaf Blight 198 angulata 340 Leaf Spot 341, 350 arachidicola 1003 Mountain-Laurel (Kalmia) 971 arachidis 340 Mountain-Mahogany (Cercocarpus) 971 arachnoidea 972 Mountain-Mint (Pycnanthemum) 971 arbuticola 948 Mountain-Sorrel (Oxyria) 972 arbutifolia 798 Mucilago spongiosa 581, 888, 1094 aurea 823 Mucor 497 berkeleyi 340, 1003 mucedo 497, 1112 Blight 153 piriformis 497, 721, 792 bolleana 340, 859, 1056 racemosus 497, 1102 brassicicola 340, 767, 1119 Mucor sp. 960 caricae 995 Mucor spp. 804 carigena 902 Mucoraceae 51 caroliniana 341, 989 Mulberry caryigena 341, 1007 (Morus) 972 cerasella 341, 799 Leaf Spot 342 cercidicola 341, 1047 Mule’s Ear Disease 1002 chimaphilae 1040 Mullein (Verbascum) 972 chimaphilina 1023 Mummy Berry 497 citri 341, 803 Mushroom citrullina 186, 821, 882, 960, 1086, Oyster (Pleurotus) 973 1133 Root Rot 458, 467, 468 clintoniana 1049 Musk-Root (Adoxa) 973 clymenia 907 Muskmelon colorata 341, 971 Fusarium Wilt 690 confusa 754, 832, 1045 Mosaic 960 coptis 881 Mosaic = Squash Mosaic cruenta 341, 744, 746, 1078, 1122 Comovirus 642 cypripedii 988 Vein Necrosis 960 dearnessii 215 Vein Necrosis Carlavirus 642 dendroides 221, 902, 1007 Mustard Greens (Brassica juncea) 973 diospyri 221, 1014 Index 1253 effigurata 341, 731 rubi 343, 754, 832, 1046 erysiphina 908 sapindii 1076 fijiensis 187, 740 sarraceniae 773, 1024 fragariae 341, 1093 sentina 719, 1005 fraxinicola 342, 731 sequoiae 187, 1067 gardeniae 868 serrulata 994 gaultheriae 869, 1060, 1138 smilacicola 1072 juglandis 342, 1130 solani 923 krigiae 928 staphylina 1088 lageniformis 803 stigmina-platani 1025 laricina 379, 930 taxi 1142 leucothoës 935 tecomae 1115 liriodendri 342, 1117 thalictri 958 louisianae 342, 1093 tulipiferae 1117 lythracearum 221, 1030 tussilaginis 810 macrospora 323 ulmi 844 melonis 187, 821 Mycosphaerella sp. 715, 740, 797, 843, molleriana 850 856, 860, 878, 894, 919, 943, 998, mori 342, 972 1038, 1139 myricae 742 Mycosyrinx 585 nigromaculans 342, 817 cissi 802 nyssaecola 1118 osmundae 585, 856 nyssicola 342 Mycovellosiella concors 313 opuntiae 768Ð770 Myocentrospora sp. 850 ornithogali 324 Myriangiaceae 54 pachystimae 990 Myrianginella sabaleos 994 persicae 1001 Myriangium tuberculans 1007 personata 342, 883 Myrioconium comitatum 1137 physostegiae 1018 Myriogenospora 187 pinodes 187, 945, 999, 1100 atramentosa 187 pomi 287, 719, 1041, 1042 paspali 933 pontederiae 1132 Myrobalan Asteroid Spot 1027 populicola 343, 1031 Myrobalan Mottle 1027 populorum 343, 1031 Myrothecium 343, 498 prenanthis 353 roridum 343, 498, 718, 730, 796, primulae 1051 830, 833, 848, 862, 868, 877, 905, psilospora 343 912, 915, 940, 976, 995, 1010, pueraricola 928 1074, 1078, 1080, 1091, 1110, punctiformis 1095 1115, 1133 pyri 343 Myrothecium sp. 498, 751, 1112 rabiei 187 Myrovellosiella concors 219 ribis 343, 823, 881 Myrtle (Myrtus) 974 rosicola 343, 1052 Mystrosporium 187 rosigena 1052 adustum 188, 918 1254 Index

Myxosporium 188 Neck Rot 113 corticola 719, 1005 Necrotic Spot 1003 diedickei 188, 972 Necrovirus 73 everhartii 188 Nectarine (Prunus persica var. nectari- nitidum 188, 836 na) 976 Myxosporium spp. 1117 Nectria 251 (Hypomyces) 183 Naccobus 403 balsameae 860 aberrans 404 Beech Bark Canker 251 batatiformis 404, 867, 934, 1091 bulbicola 987 dorsalis 404 Canker 217, 253, 261 Nacobbodera 404 cinnabarina 251, 708, 714, 715, 719, chitwoodi 404, 861, 1084 723, 725, 731, 751, 756, 759, 762, Nacobbus 772, 816, 823, 842Ð844, 858, 879, batatiformis 748, 767, 769, 782 881, 900, 905, 906, 910, 923, 927, Naemacyclus niveus 380 942, 953, 963, 965, 969, 972, 998, Naevia oxycocci 818 1000, 1005, 1017, 1031, 1052, Nailhead Spot 305 1077, 1096, 1139 Nanavirus 73 coccinea 708, 709, 731, 751, 762, Nandina 974 772, 795, 843, 844, 904, 953 Leaf Spot 312 coccinea var. faginata 251, 747 Mosaic 974 desmazierii 252 Mosaic Potexvirus 642 ditissima 252, 704, 823 Stem Pitting 974 fuckeliana 252, 860 Napicladium prosopodium 962 galligena 252, 709, 719, 747, 751, Narcissus 837, 902, 909, 953, 980, 1005, Basal Rot 482 1031, 1041, 1096, 1118, 1130 Chocolate Spot 642, 975 haematococca 852, 1011, 1012 Fire 209, 211 ipomoeae 183 Flower Streak 642, 975 magnoliae 253, 948 Leaf Scorch 301 Nectria sp. 792, 908, 948, 972, 1064, Mosaic 975 1099, 1117 Mosaic Potexvirus 642 Nectria spp. 939, 1020, 1130 Smoulder 524, 525 Nectriaceae 55 White Mold 355 Nectrioidaceae 63 White Streak 642 Needle Yellow Stripe 975 and Cone Rust 553 Yellow Stripe Potyvirus 643 Blight 176, 187, 195, 196, 199, 200, Narcissus (Daffodil, Jonquil) 974 207, 208, 214, 379, 380 Nasturtium Blister Rust 538 (Tropaeolum) 975 Cast 178, 185, 376Ð381 Mosaic Potyvirus 643 Cast and Blight 380 Near Cast or Blight 379 Wilt 691 Curl 1021 Index 1255

Rust 536, 555 Night-Blooming Cereus (Hylo- Spot 380 cereus) 978 Needle Blight 196 Nightshade Nematanthus 976 Silverleaf (Solanum elaeagnifoli- Nematicide 11 um) 978 Nematodes 1164 Nightshade, Hairy And Climbing Nematospora 498 (Solanum sarachoides, S. dulca- coryli 498, 804, 895, 1012, 1030, mara) 978 1079, 1112 Nigra Loose Smut 589 phaseoli 498, 744 Nigrospora 499 Nematostoma 344 Cob Rot 499 artemisiae 728 oryzae 499, 815, 1112 occidentalis 344 sorghi 813 Nemesia 976 Ninebark (Physocarpus) 979 Nemesia Ring Necrosis Tymovirus Nitrogen Deficiency 430 1123, 1124 Nitrogen Excess 430 Nemophila (Baby Blue-Eyes) 976 Nitrothal-Isopropyl 23 Neocosmospora vasinfecta 1079 NO2 956 Neofabraea 253 Nocardia 292 malicorticis 718, 816, 1004, 1041 vaccinii 292 perennans 253, 719, 1005, 1041 Northern Corn Leaf Blight 180 Neolentinus lepideus 492, 930 Northern Root-Knob Nematode 402 Neopeckia 188 Northwestern Apple Anthracnose 96 coulteri 188, 1019, 1083, 1142 Nostoc commune 824 Neottiospora 344 Nothanguina 404 yuccifolia 344, 1142 Nothanguina (orrina) phyllobia 404 Neovossia 585 Nothanguina phyllobia 978 iowensis 585 Nothophacidium Nephthytis 977 abietinellum 196 Nepovirus 73 Nothoscordum Nerine (Guernsey-Lily) 977 Mosaic 713, 979 Nettle (Urtica, Urera) 977 Mosaic Potyvirus 643 Neurospora 499 Nothoscordum (False Garlic) 979 sitophila 499, 1006 Nucleorhabdovirus 73 New York Apple Tree Canker 508, 509 Nuda Loose Smut 591 New Zealand Flax (Phormium Nummularia 254 tenax) 977 Nummularia discreeta 254 New Zealand Spinach (Tetragonia) 977 Nummularia discreta 714, 719, 816, Nicotiana 970, 1005 tobacum 978 Nursery Blight 197, 599 Nicotiana (Flowering Tobacco) 977 Nut Rot 462 Nicrosphaeria Nutsedge (Cyperus rotunders) 979 alni 1039 Nymphoides (Floating-Heart) 979 1256 Index

Nyssopsora 555 pyrinum 447, 817 Nyssopsora clavellosa 555, 725 tingitaninum 447, 804 Oidium sp. 447, 448, 703, 707, 740, O3 956 750, 780, 804, 959, 973, 978, 1015, Oak 1029, 1035, 1074, 1096, 1111, 1113, Anthracnose 84, 90 1114 Bark Patch 224 Okra Leaf Blister 295 (Hibiscus esculentus) 983 Leaf Spot 343 Oleander Powdery Mildew 441, 444 (Nerium) 983 Ringspot 981 Bacterial Gall 119 Ringspot Virus 643 Scab 601 Sheathoid Nematode 395 Oleocellosis 804 Wilt 682 Oligoporus placentus 930 Oak (Quercus) 979 Olive Oat (Olea) 984 Blue Dwarf Marafivirus 643 Knot 119 Cyst Nematode 396 Leaf Spot 320 Golden Stripe Furovirus 643 Olpidium 499 Mosaic Bymovirus 644 brassicae 499, 888, 1082, 1094 Ocotillo, Coach-Whip, Candlewood Omphalia 499 (Fouquieria) 982 pigmentata 500, 991 Odontoglossum Ring Spot 987 tralucida 500, 991 Odontoglossum Ringspot Omphalia sp. 819 Tobamovirus 644 Oncidium Ring Spot 987 Oedema 430, 750, 768, 770, 871, 1010, Oncoba 984 1111 Onion Oenothera (Evening-Primrose) 982 (Allium cepa) 984 Ohia (Metrosideros spp.); also Eugenia, Bulb Rot 113 Syzgium and Psidium spp. in Myr- Dowy Mildew 277 taceae Family 983 Smudge 468 Oidiopsis taurica 962, 985, 1111 Smut 588 Oidium 446 Yellow Dwarf 986 araliacearum 446, 920 Yellow Dwarf Potyvirus 644 begoniae 446, 750 Yellow Dwarf, Leak Yellow Stripe, caricae 995 Garlic Common Latent 869 dianthi 446, 780 Yellow Spot 986 erysipheoides 717 Onosmodium (Marbleseed) 986 erysiphoides var. crotalariae 819 Onygenaceae 53 euonymi-japonici 851 Oomycota 48 euonymus japonici 446 Oospora mangiferae 952 (Geotrichum) 500 neolycopersici 1111 citri-aurantii 500, 804 obductum 447, 1025 lacti 500 Index 1257

lactis 1112 Brown Rot 113 pustulans 1035 Fleck 987 Oospora sp. 721, 859 Fleck Rhabdovirus 644 Ophiobolus Orchids (Dendrobium) 986 graminis 888 Orchids (Imported Species) 987 Ophiobolus sp. 786 Orchids (Native Species) 988 Ophiodothella 344 Oregano, Sweet Marjoram (Orig- fici 859 anum) 988 vaccinii 344, 853, 912 Ormathodium fici 859 Ophiodothis alnea 709 Ornithogalum Ophionectria Mosaic 707, 778, 868, 913, 1066, balsamea 254 1089 scolecospora 255, 861 Mosaic Potyvirus 646 Ophionectria (Scoleconectria) 254 Orobanche Ophiosphaerella 500 ludoviciana 223, 1110 agrostis 886, 888 racemosa 1110 herpotricha 888 ramosa 223, 789, 809, 812, 846, korrae 888 848, 869, 872, 899, 959, 1032, narmari 888 1070, 1124 Ophiosphaerella sp. 500 Orobanche sp. 1092 Ophiostoma Oryzavirus 73 (Ceratocystis) 682 Osage-Orange novo-ulmi 683 (Maclura) 988 ulmi 683 Osier, Basket-Willow (Salix) 988 wageneri 466 Osoberry (Osmaronia) 989 Ophiostoma sp. 1021 Ourmiavirus 73 Oplismenus (Basket-grass) 986 Ovularia 344 Opuntia aristolochiae 344, 840 Sammons 770 asperifolii var. lappulae 929 Sammons’ Tobamovirus 644 asteris 734 Orange 986 bulbigera 765, 1063 Orange Rust 545, 546 bullata 1088 Orchid decipiens 1044 (Cattleya) Blossom Brown Necrotic delphinii 829 Streak 644 edwiniae 922 (Cattleya) Mosaic Potexvirus 645 hughesiana 727 (Cymbidium) Mosaic isarioides 1088 Potexvirus 645 lupinicola 945 (Odontoglossum) Ring Spot maclurae 988 Tobamovirus 645 nymphaearum 1132 (Oncidium) Ring Spot 645 pulchella 344, 886 (Vanda) Ring Spot 645 pyrolae 1040 Anthracnose 87 virgaureae 734 Anthracnose Leaf Spot 92 Ovularia sp. 1100 1258 Index

Ovulariopsis sp. 945 Sugar (Arenga) 993 Ovulinia 188 Washington (Washingtonia) 993 azaleae 188, 737, 971, 1048 Palm (Chamaedorea) 991 Owls Clover (Orthocarpus) 989 Palmetto, Cabbage Palm (Sabal) 994 Oxadixyl 23 Paloverde (Cercidium) 994 Oxalis (Wood-Sorrel) 989 Pampas Grass (Cordaderia) 994 Oxycarboxin 23 Panagrolaimus subelongatus 1003 Oxydendron (Sourwood, Sorrel- Pandanus (Screw Pine) 994 Tree) 989 Panicum Oxygen Deficiency, Asphyxiation 431 Mosaic 889, 1060 Oxytetracycline Hydroxide 27 Mosaic Sobemovirus 646 Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostrea- Pansy tus) 990 Scab 601 Ozone Injury 720, 744, 1021, 1034 Pansy (Viola tricolor) 994 Pantoea agglomerans 985 Pachistima 990 ananatis 111, 789, 985 Pachysandra (Japanese-Spurge) 990 herbicola 111 Pachysandra Leaf 216, 217 stewartii 111 Pacific Dagger Nematode 412 Papaya Pacific Wax Myrtle (Myrica californi- (Carica) 995 ca) 990 Mosaic 996 Paecilomyces 501 Mosaic Potexvirus 646 buxi 501, 760 Ring Spot 961, 1134 Paintbrush Blister Rust 540 Ringspot 996 Painted Cup, Indian Paintbrush (Castille- Ringspot Potyvirus 646 ja) 990 Papery Leaf 875 Pale Leaf Spot 354, 355 Papularia odorae 730 Palm Papularia sphaerosperma 730 Areca (Chrysalidocarpus) 991 Papulospora sp. 756 Bud Rot 512 Paralongidorus sylphus 399, 964 Coconut (Cocos) 991 Paratrichodorus Date (Phoenix) 991 allius 409 Fishtail (Caryota) 992 christiei 409, 738, 787, 804, 817, Forster Sentry (Sentry Palm) Kentia 883, 887, 985 (Howeia) 992 obtusa 887 Leaf Spot 345, 346 pachydermus 410, 826 Mosaic 993 Paratylenchus 404 Mosaic Potyvirus 646 (Gracilacus) anceps 772 Pindo (Butia) 992 anceps 404 Queen, Plumy Coconut (Arecas- dianthus 404, 780 trum) 992 elachistus 404, 758 Rhapis (Rhapis) 993 epacris 404 Royal (Roystonea) 993 hamatus 404, 787, 859, 883 Index 1259

macrophallus 405, 964 Leaf Curl 296 micoletzkyi 405, 956 Little Peach 648, 1002 penetrans 405, 1074 Mildew 451 projectus 405, 787, 887, 996, 1084 Mosaic 648, 711, 724, 976, 1002, Paratylenchus sp. 1008 1027 Paratylenchus spp. 1053 Mottle 648, 1002 Parkinsonia 996 Necrotic Leaf Spot 648, 1002 Parodiella Phony 724 perisporioides 837, 1103 Phony Disease 649, 1002 Parrotfeather (Myriophyllum) 996 Red Suture 649, 1002 Parsley (Petroselinum) 996 Ring Spot 711, 724, 799, 1002 Parsnip (Pastinaca) 997 Ring Spot Ilarvirus 649 Partridge-Berry (Mitchella) 997 Rosette 649, 711, 724, 955, 1002, Passiflora Latent 998 1027 Passion Flower (Passiflora) 997 Rosette Mosaic 757, 884, 1002 Patellariaceae 57 Rosette Mosaic Nepovirus 649 Paulownia (Princess-Tree) 998 Rust 568 Pawpaw (Asimina) 998 Scab 571 Pea Shoot Blight 168, 169 Anthracnose 89, 92 Stubby Twig 650, 1002 Blight 187 Wart 650, 1002 Cyst Nematode 397 Western X-Disease 132, 792, 1092 Downy Mildew 279 X-Disease 132, 792, 798, 976, 1000 Enation Mosaic 795, 1000 Yellow Bud Mosaic 711, 724, 1002 Enation Mosaic Enamovirus 646 Yellow Bud = Tomato Ringspot Mosaic 1000, 1101 Nepovirus 650 Mosaic Potyvirus 647 Yellow Leaf Roll 133, 792, 1002 Mottle 647, 1000 Yellows 133, 711, 724, 976, 1002, Root Rot 457 1027 Rust 570 Peach (Prunus persica) 1000 Scab 572, 573 Peacock Spot 320 Seedborne Mosaic 1121 Peanut Streak 795, 1000 Early Leaf Spot 310 Streak Carlavirus 647 Leaf Spot 312, 314, 340 Stunt 1000 Mottle 745, 831, 889, 945, 1004 Wilt 647, 691, 1000 Mottle Potyvirus 650 Pea (Pisum) 998 Rust 559 Pea-Tree (Caragana) 1007 Stunt 745, 808, 1004 Peach Stunt Cucumovirus 650 Asteroid Spot 647, 1002 Top Paralysis 1004 Calico 647, 1002 Top Paralysis Potyvirus 650 Dwarf 648, 1002 Peanut (Arachis) 1003 Golden Net 648, 1002 Pear Latent Mosaic Viroid 976, 1002 Bark Measles 1006 1260 Index

Decline 1006 microsclerotia 858 Decline Phytoplasma 650 rolfsii 192 Latent 1006 solani 948 Leaf Blight 177, 178 Penconazole 23 Leaf Curl 1006 Pencycuron 23 Leaf Spot 343 Penicillium 195, 255, 502 Ring-Pattern Mosaic 1006 aurantiogriseum 503 Scab 578 bacillosporium 750 Stony Pit 651, 1006 digitatum 503, 804 Vein Yellows/Red Mottle 1006 Disease 255 Pear (Pyrus) 1004 Dry Rot 503 Pecan expansum 503, 737, 792, 853, 1014, Anthracnose 599 1030, 1041 Brown Leaf Spot 312, 314 funiculosum 876 Downy Spot 341 gladioli 503, 865, 876, 1065, 1109 Leaf Blotch 221 hirsutum 911 Liver Spot 328 italicum 503, 804 Scab 571 martensii 732 Vein Spot 328 oxalicum 195, 813, 885 Pecan (Carya illinoensis) 1007 roseum 503, 804, 992 Pedicel Necrosis 1053 vermoeseni 255, 503, 991Ð993 Pelargonium Penicillium sp. 195, 732, 775, 782, Flower Break 871 819, 1002, 1003, 1012, 1102 Flower Break Carmovirus and Penicillium spp. 721, 749, 818, 884, Pelargonium Line Pattern Car- 913, 918, 938, 960, 975, 986, 1006, movirus 651 1035, 1093, 1116 Leaf Curl 871 Peniophora 503 Line Pattern 871 luna 504 Rust 564 polygonia 472 Pellicularia 190, 501 sanguinea 797 filamentosa 191, 745, 783, 842, Pennisetum 1008 888, 901, 905, 911, 920, 928, 999, Penstemon (Beard-Tongue) 1009 1007, 1079, 1118 Peony filamentosa f. sp. microsclerotia 192 Anthracnose 90 filamentosa f. sp. sasakii 192, 885 Botrytis Blight 160 filamentosa f. sp. timsii 192 Leaf Blotch 219 koleroga 193, 718, 738, 753, 766, Leaf Curl 651 780, 795, 803, 816, 823, 836, 842, Ring Spot 1010 849, 850, 858, 879, 881, 882, 891, Ring Spot = Tobacco Rattle 892, 901, 904, 907, 917, 931, 936, Tobravirus 651 968, 991, 1004, 1007, 1013, 1014, Peony (Paeonia) 1009 1024, 1026, 1030, 1038, 1041, Peperomia 1010 1052, 1075, 1099, 1118, 1125, Ring Spot 651 1128 Pepino Mosaic 1113 Index 1261

Pepper claytoniae 806 Anthracnose 90, 93 corydalis 814 Golden Mosaic 1080, 1113 cynoglossi 825 Leaf Spot 311 destructor 277, 798, 985, 1069, Mild Mottle 1012 1126 Mild Mottle Tobamovirus 651 dianthicola 277, 780 Mild Tigre 1012 digitalidis 864 Mild Tigre’ Bigeminivirus and Pepper dipsaci 1106 Texas Bigeminivirus 652 echinospermi 929 Mottle 1012 effusa 277, 1082 Mottle Potyvirus 652 farinosa 278, 1061 Spot 120 farinosa f. sp. spinaciae 1082 Strain of Alfalfa Mosaic 652, 1012 ficariae 829, 1044, 1114 Texas 1012 fragariae 278, 1092 Vein Banding Mosaic 652 giliae 873 Vein-Banding Mosaic 1012 grisea 278, 1124 Vine, Cissus (Ampelopsis arborea) hydrophylli 914 1013 lamii 809, 1058 Pepper (Capsicum) 1011 lepidii 1013 Pepper-Grass, Garden Cress (Lepidium) leptosperma 278, 728, 1059 1013 linariae 278, 939 Peppermint lophanthi 278, 707 Root 483 manshurica 278, 1078 Perennial myosotidis 278, 863, 929 Canker 253, 254, 266, 267 oxybaphi 278, 710, 1062, 1121 Perenniporia parasitica 278, 724, 730, 767, 777, fraxinophila 479 795, 796, 806, 839, 900, 911, 973, subacida 518 1043, 1091, 1098, 1119, 1129, Periconia maculans 374 1138 Peridermium 555 phlogina 1016 bethelii 555, 965 pisi 279 ornamentale 555, 862 potentillae 279, 708, 832, 873, 966, rugosum 555, 862 1036 stalactiforme 544 radii 279, 955 weirii 1022 rubi 279, 754, 832, 1045 Periwinkle, Madagascar (Catharanthus) rumicis 279, 1050 1013 schachtii 279, 748, 1104 Peronosclerospora sorghi 277, 813, 924 seymourii 912 Peronospora 276 silenes 1070 antirrhini 277, 1074 sordida 860, 972 arborescens 277, 1037 sorghi 279 arthuri 277, 805, 869, 878, 982 sparsa 279, 1052, color plates 15, 16 calotheca 867, 912 statices 279, 1090 candida 1051 swinglei 1058 1262 Index

tabacina 279, 841, 977, 978, 1011, sphaerelloides 902 1110 swieteniae 949 trifoliorum 279, 945, 1100 uvicola 1007, 1008 viciae 999 vaccinicola 853 violae 995 vaccinii 818, 912, 947 whippleae 1135 Pestalotia sp. 195, 300, 756, 775, 884, Peronospora sp. 839, 873, 961 944, 991, 1014, 1017, 1018 Peronosporaceae 50 Pestalotia spp. 720, 736, 738, 1047 Peronspora dicentrae 840 Pestalotiopsis Persimmon aquatica 345 Wilt 681, 682 funerea 195, 345 Persimmon (Diospyros) 1013 leucothoës 345 Pestalopezia maculans 345 brunneo-pruinosa 1060 microspora 1113 rhododendri 1049 palmarum 346 Pestalotia 195, 300, 345, 380, 504, quepini var. macrotricha 346 1007 sydowiana 346 aquatica 345, 728, 1024 Pestalotiopsis spp. 891 aucubae 345, 736 Pestalozziella 346 castagnei 941 subsessilis 324, 346, 872 cibotii 857 yuccae 1143 clavata 1072 Pesticide 11 cliftoniae 345, 764 Pestuloria coccolobae 808 funerea 1142 cryptomeriae 820 Pestuloria sp. 1142 cycadis 824 Petal Blight 183, 188 decolorata 974 Petalostemon (Prairie-Clover) 1014 funerea 195, 345, 726, 739, 790, Petasites (Butter-Bur) 1015 820, 825, 924, 1024, 1067 Petiole Rot 707 guepini 345, 1047, 1106 Petunia 1015 hartigii 195 Petunia Vein-Clearing 1015 kalmicola 971 Pezicula 96, 255 langloisii 868 carpinea 255, 909 leucothoës 345, 935 corticola 255 longisetula 504, 1094 livida 239 macrotricha 345, 1048 malicorticis 96, 254 micheneri 726 pruinosa 255, 714 microspora 380 Pezizaceae 57 oenotherae 982 Pezizella palmarum 345, 991, 993, 994 lythri 1093 polychaeta 762 oenotherae 754, 832, 850, 944, 947, quepini 775 954, 958, 966, 982, 1009, 1046, rhododendri 345 1052, 1070, 1073, 1096, 1138 scirrofaciens 1063 Pezizella (Allophylaria) 346 Index 1263

Pezizella (Discohainesia) oenother- pachyrhizi 556, 745, 746, 750, 928, ae 347 1079 Phacidiaceae 56 zizyphi-vulgaris 556, 924 Phacidiella 255 Phellinus coniferarum 256 everhartii 479 Phacidiopycnis gilvus 515 boycei 256 ingiarius 479 piri 256, 1006 laevigatus 518 pseudotsugae 898 pini 479 washingtonensis 719, 721, 816, robiniae 480 1006 robustus 480 Phacidium 195, 347 weirii 518 abietinellum 195, 860 Phialophora 196, 504, 692 balsameae 196, 860 cinerescens 781 convexum 1019 graminicola 196, 885 curtisii 347, 904, 917 gregata 464, 692, 795 infestans 196, 726, 838, 860, 1019, malorum 504, 721, 1006 1083 Philibertia 1016 sphaerodieum 917 Philodendron 1016 Phaciopycnis pseudotsugae 838 Phlebia 504 Phaelous schweinitzii 930 chrysocrea 504, 981 Phaeoacremonium 196, 504 Phloem Necrosis 133, 800, 844 aleophilum 504, 883 Phloeospora 196, 347 chlamydosporum 196, 504, 883 aceris 348 inflatipes 504, 883 adusta 196, 806 mortoniae 731 ampelopsidis 715, 920, 1128 viticola 883 Phaeocryptopus anemones 716 gaeumannii 375, 838 asiminae 998 Phaeocryptopus (Adelopus) 375 bigeloviae 1042 Phaeoisariopsis celtidis 892 griseda 334 idahoensis 889 personata 314, 315 multimaculans 1025 robiniae 326 osmorhizae 1103 Phaeolus schweinitzii 515 pteleae 909 Phaeoseptoria sp. 886 robiniae 942 Phaeosphaerella rhamni 763, 809 salicifoliae 1082 Phaeosphaeria 347 vagnerae 1077 maydis 347, 813 Phloeospora multimaculans 1130 Phaeotrichoconis 347 Phlox 1016 crotalariae 347, 991Ð993 Mildew 442 Phakopsora 555 Streak 652 cherimoliae 555, 791 Phlyctema 96, 348 jatrophicola 555, 922 ficuum 348, 859 1264 Index

tiliae 939 Rot 505 vagabunda 96 sclerotioides 197, 959 Phoenix-Tree (Firmiana simplex) 1017 strobiligena 197 Pholiota 505 subvelata 882, 1087 adiposa 505, 710, 721, 939, 954, terrestris 506, 518, 745, 813 1031 thermopsidicola 1107 destruens 1031 tuberosa 1035 Pholiota spp. 1137 weigelae 1135 Phoma 137, 197, 221, 348, 380, 505 Wilt 137 ailanthi 708 Phoma sp. 292, 348, 506, 732, 756, anethi 834 765, 774, 811, 829, 844, 922, 945, antennariae 852 997, 999, 1003, 1038, 1042, 1044, apiicola 505, 787 1079, 1112, 1126 arachidicola 221, 1003 Phoma spp. 721, 884 asclepiadea 766 Phomopsis 197, 256, 348, 506, 692 asparagi 732 acerina 953 betae 505, 749 alnea 256, 709 chrysanthemi 154 ambigua 197, 1004 conidiogena 197, 760 amygdali 256, 506, 711 cydoniae 1041 arnoldia 842 destructiva 505, 1012, 1112 Blight 173, 198 diospyri 1014 boycei 256, 860 erysiphoides 877 buddleiae 764 eupyrena 380, 838, 860 callistephi 734 exigua 307, 349, 815, 914, 934, Canker 256, 257 1006, 1060 cinerescens 859 Fruit Spot 287 dichenii 997 fumosa 197 diospyri 197 glomerata 197 discolor 256 herbarum 708 Disease 256 hieracii 894 elaeagni 256, 842 lingam 137, 767, 777, 795, 1043, fokoyae 860 1098, 1119 gardeniae 256, 868 lupini 945 japonica 197, 927 lycopersici 307 juniperovora 197, 726, 789, 790, macdonaldii 197, 506, 1097 825, 924, 1068 mali 1006, 1041 kalmiae 198, 971 mammillariae 769 ligustri-vulgaris 1038 mariae 197, 907 lirella 257, 1126 menthae 964 lokoyae 257, 838 palmicola 993 longicolla 198, 816 persicae 1001 macrospora 1031 piceina 197 mali 257, 506, 721 Root Rot 505 montanensis 860 Index 1265

oblonga 198, 844 Phorodendron obscurans 172, 198, 1092, 1094 serotinum (flavescens) 988 occulta 198, 726, 1083, 1084, 1108 tomentosum 988 padina 257, 792 Phosphorus Deficiency 431 phoenicola 992 Photinia (Christmasberry, Toyon and Ori- pseudotsugae 930 ental Species) 1017 rhododendri 1049 Photinia photinicola 1018 salicina 1137 Phragmidium 556 sarothamni 762 americanum 556, 1053 sojae 1079 andersonii 816, 1036 Stem End Rot 474 fusiforme 556, 1053 tuberivora 1035 horkeliae 919 vaccinii 198, 506, 756, 757 ivesia 919 vexans 198, 841 jonesii 919 viticola 348, 883 montivagum 556, 1053 Phomopsis sp. 257, 292, 506, 692, 737, mucronatum 556, 1053, color 738, 747, 754, 762, 775, 794, 812, plate 2 818, 822, 844, 852, 864, 866, 902, rosae-arkansanae 557 904, 915, 922, 949, 951, 953, 969, rosae-californicae 557, 1053 994, 1001, 1024, 1038, 1048, 1113, rosae-pimpinellifoliae 1053 1125 rosicola 557, 1053 Phoradendron rubi-idaei 557, 1046 (True Mistletoe) 369 speciosum 557, 1053 californicum 369, 704, 819, 962, subcorticium 557 994, 996, 1073, 1088 tuberculatum 557 densum 925 violaceum 754 juniperinum 369, 916, 925 Phragmodothella 257 libocedri 369 ribesia 257, 823, 881 pauciflorum 861 Phragmodothis berberidis 1122 serotinum 369 Phragmopyxis 557 serotinum (flavescens) 709, 720, acuminata 557, 816 752, 762, 777, 831, 838, 844, 892, Phyctema vagabunda 731 895, 900, 902, 907, 910, 939, 942, Phyllachora 348 954, 962, 981, 1005, 1008, 1014, beaumontii 794 1025, 1026, 1028, 1031, 1064, domingensis 907 1076, 1077, 1081, 1099, 1115, erianthi 1028 1118, 1131, 1137 flabellum 854 serotinum flavescens 731, 748, 792, fusicarpa 839 794, 795, 836, 842, 863 graminis 348, 886 tomentosum 369, 844, 892, melanoplaca 1123 962, 981 oxalina 989 villosum 369, 709, 794, 910, punctum 986 952, 981 sabal 994 Phoradendron sp. 803, 825 simplex 1066 1266 Index

sterigena 734 aquilegicola 811 swieteniae 949 araliae 725, 900 sylvatica 348, 886 arbutifolia 798 texana 704 argyrea 842 wittrockii 940 aristolochiae 840 Phyllachora sp. 810, 943 arnicae 727 Phyllactinia 448 asiminae 998 angulata 448 astericola 734 corylea 448, 709, 714, 725, 731, aucubae 349, 736 741, 748, 752Ð754, 759, 764, 766, auerswaldii 760 774, 785, 794, 795, 799, 817, 818, azedarachis 795 823, 835Ð837, 842, 843, 845, 848, batatas 199, 773, 1101 880, 881, 895, 896, 901, 902, 904, berberidis 741 906, 908Ð910, 939, 942, 954, 966, betulinum 752 972, 981, 989, 998, 1016, 1025, bixae 753 1037, 1041, 1046, 1053, 1064, brassicicola 767 1072, 1106, 1107, 1117, 1131, bridgesii 941 1137, 1139, 1141 brunellae 1039 elaeagni 842 bumeliifolia 765 gutata 896 cacti 770 ungulata 845 camelliae 349, 775 Phyllactinia corylea 866 camelliaecola 349, 775 Phyllody 1090 caricae-papayae 995 Phyllosticta 199, 221, 349 carpogena 832 adoxae 706, 973 caryae 902 ailanthi 708 castanea 794 alliariifoliae 776 catalpae 349, 785 allii 985 ceanothi 786 alnea 709 celastri 753 althaeina 349, 703 celtidis 892 amaranthi 712 cephalanthi 766 amicta 952 cercidicola 1047 andromedae 1018 chamaeneri 847 andropogonivora 349, 758 chenopodii 1082 anemones 716 chionanthi 866 anemonicola 716 chrysanthemi 800 angelicae 717 circumscissa 350, 723, 799, 1001, anserinae 1036 1026 antennariae 852 cirsii 802, 1107 antirrhini 349, 1009, 1074 cissicola 802 apicalis 1137 citricola 929 apii 787 clematidis 806 aplectri 988 clethricola 807 apocyni 835 concava 770 Index 1267 concentrica 350, 920 fimbriata 948 concomitans 904 fraserae 811 confertissima 844 fritillariae 866 congesta 221, 1026 galactis 867 convexula 1007 gallarum 1007 cookei 350, 949 garrettii 1067 coreopsidis 812 garryae 869, 1071 cornicola 836 gaultheriae 1060, 1139 coryli 896 gelsemii 781 cotoneastri 815 geranii 872 cryptomeriae 199, 820 ginkgo 874 cucurbitacearum 821 globigera 970 cucurbitarum 1086 glycinea 1078 curtisii 765 gordoniae 882 cyclaminicola 824 grossulariae 823, 881 cyclaminis 824 guttulatae 989 cydoniae 815 gymnocladi 927 cyrillae 826 hamamelidis 350, 1139 decidua 350, 708, 725, 739, 785, helleboricola var. coptidis 881 807, 822, 825, 873, 894, 908, 911, heraclei 900 929, 964, 966, 969, 1071, 1088, heteromeles 1017 1132 hibiscina 901, 983, 1055 delphinii 829 hortorum 841, 1110 deutziae 831 humuli 908 diervillae 834 hydrangeae 350, 914 digitalis 865 hymenocallidis 951 dioscoreae 1141 ilicis 350 discincola 864 illinoiensis 1064 dispergens 832 innumerabilis 714 dodecathei 835 ipomoeae 968 dracaenae 839 iridis 918 dracocephali 839 juliflora 962 draconis 839 kalmicola 350 epigaeae 847 lagerstroemiae 199, 818 eriobotryae 944 lantanoides 1125 erysiphoides 831 laurocerasi 794 euonymi 850 lentisci 1024 everhartii 725, 900 liatridis 936 excavata 901 linderae 1081 eximia 894 lindericola 1081 extensa 850 lirodendrica 1117 faginea 748 ludwigiae 944 fatiscens 1132 lupini 945 ferax 945 lychnidis 946 1268 Index

lycii 957 phaseolina 744 lysimachiae 943 phorodendri 965 maclurae 988 physaleos 796 maculicola 350, 839 physopellae 859 macunae 1122 pitcheriana 897 magnoliae 949 pithecolobii 1024 malvavisci 951 platani 1025 maxima 350, 1018 podophylli 958 medeolae 916 praetervisa 939 melanoplaca 1123 pruni-avium 792 meliae 795 pseudocapsici 923 menispermicola 968 pteleicola 909 mentzeliae 961 pteridis 199, 854, 855 micropuncta 736, 1047 punctata 1125 minima 350, 759, 954 putrefaciens 817 minor 1126 pyrolae 1040 mitellae 752 pyrorum 1005 monardae 966 rafinesquii 995 monardellae 966 raui 1059 moricola 972 rhamnigena 763 mortoni 952 rhexiae 958, 1048 multicorniculata 199, 860 rhododendri 1049 myricae 742, 990, 1135 rhoiseda 1096 nebulosa 1070 richardiae 350 negundinis 759, 954 roberti 859, 1056 nerii 983 robiniae 942 nigrescens 1127 rosae 1052 nyssae 1118 rosae-setigerae 1052 oleae 831, 905 ruborum 832 opulasteris 979 rudbeckiae 879, 1056 orbicula 911 saccardoi 350 orbicularis 1086 sambuci 843 orobella 1100 sanguinariae 350, 755 orontii 878 sapindii 1075 ovalifolii 1038 sassafras 1064 pachysandrae 990 saxifragarum 1064 pallens 850 serotina 792 palmetto 994 sojicola 351, 1078 palustris 1088 solani 841 parkinsoniae 996 solidagnicola 880 paulowniae 998 solitaria 221, 719, 817 paupercula 714 sophorae 1077 penicillariae 350, 1009 sorbi 970 persicae 1001 spinosa 1070 Index 1269

staticis 1090 Phymatotrichum 768 stillingiae 797 omnivorum 508, 703Ð706, 708, 710, subeffusa 1072 711, 713, 714, 717, 722, 724Ð symphoricarpi 1075 729, 731, 734, 735, 737Ð739, 741, syriaca 1055 745, 746, 749, 752Ð754, 760Ð762, taxi 1142 764Ð766, 769Ð771, 773, 775Ð777, tecomae 1115 779Ð782, 784Ð786, 788, 790, 791, tenerrima 1076 793Ð795, 797, 798, 800, 802, 804, terminalis 904, 935 806, 811, 812, 814, 815, 817Ð texensis 1124 823, 825Ð829, 831Ð838, 840, 842, tinea 1125 843, 845Ð847, 849Ð853, 859, 863, trillii 1115 864, 866Ð870, 872Ð874, 877Ð882, trollii 1115 884, 889Ð900, 902Ð917, 919Ð922, tuberosa 730, 766 925, 927Ð931, 934, 936, 937, 939, typhina 786 941Ð952, 954, 960Ð962, 966Ð974, vaccinii 351, 818, 853 978, 979, 982Ð984, 986, 988, 989, verbasicola 972 993, 994, 996Ð999, 1002, 1004, verbesinae 1124 1006Ð1010, 1012Ð1014, 1017, vincae-majoris 1126 1018, 1021, 1024Ð1031, 1033, violae 1127 1035, 1037Ð1040, 1043, 1044, virginiana 714, 799 1047, 1049, 1050, 1053Ð1057, wistariae 351, 1139 1059, 1061, 1063Ð1065, 1067, wyomingensis 847 1068, 1070, 1071, 1073Ð1077, xanthorhizae 1141 1079Ð1085, 1087, 1090, 1091, zonata 817 1096Ð1104, 1106, 1107, 1112, Phyllosticta decidua 851 1115, 1117, 1118, 1120Ð1129, Phyllosticta sp. 705, 738, 742, 750, 1131, 1133, 1135, 1137, 1139, 756, 771, 796, 808, 809, 817, 829, 1141, 1144 835, 848, 852, 854, 857, 868, 873, Root Rot 506, 508 890, 909, 911, 912, 915, 927, 936, Physalis 938, 955, 960, 967, 994, 998, 1003, Mosaic 890 1009, 1014, 1016, 1024, 1041, 1056, Mosaic Tymovirus 652 1057, 1063, 1075, 1085, 1090, 1103, Physalospora 199, 257, 508 1118Ð1120, 1126, 1143 (Acanthorhynchus) 455 Phyllosticta spp. 754, 894, 949, 980, abdita 952 987, 1031 corticis 258, 756 Phyllostictina dracaenae 199, 839, color plate 14 carpogena 1046 fusca 704 hysterella 1142 glandicola 259, 980 pyriformis 987 gregaria 199, 1137 vaccinii 756 ilicis 350, 904, 1138 Phymatotrichopsis (Phyma- lepachydis 1047 totrichum) 506 miyabeana 259, 1136 Phymatotrichopsis omnivors 506 mutila 508, 721 1270 Index

obtusa 200, 259, 509, 708, 709, 721, cinnamomi 260, 509, 692, 736Ð738, 762, 770, 779, 815Ð817, 881, 906, 752, 757, 776, 786, 790, 794, 818, 936, 944, 970, 980, 1005, 1014, 825, 838, 855, 861, 896, 901, 917, 1041, 1042, 1045, 1052, 1064, 925, 930, 942, 947, 952, 953, 971, 1096 980, 981, 1006, 1021, 1025, 1049, rhodina 259, 509, 721, 749, 770, 1083, 1084, 1118, 1121, 1123, 779, 839, 858, 952, 980, 1004, 1126, 1131, 1136, 1142 1056, 1118 citricola 510, 736, 737, 861, 898, rhododendri 1049 938, 1021, 1049 vaccini 455 citrophthora 200, 510, 711, 723, Physalospora spp. 951, 953, 987, 1014 737, 760, 792, 804, 907, 925, Physarum 1000, 1006, 1009, 1049, 1067, cinereum 888, 934, 1094, 1102 1134 plumbeum 1102 colocasiae 510, 875 polycephalum 581 cryptogea 511, 706, 734, 749, 872, Physarum spp. 787 877, 878, 915, 925, 934, 956, 996, Physiological 718 1002, 1035, 1059, 1074, 1084, Physoderma 352 1091, 1097, 1112, 1131, 1144 claytoniana 806 cryptogea var. richardiae 511, 774 maydis 352, 813 drechsleri 511, 749, 861, 872, 1035, Physoderma sp. 1064 1058, 1112 Physopella dreschleri 742, 754, 811, 892, 925, (Angiopsora) 557 939, 1021, 1059, 1084 ampelopsidis 558, 884 erythroseptica 201, 511, 774, 1035, compressa 558 1046, 1136 Physostegia (False Dragonhead) 1018 europa 981 Phythiogeton autossytum 786 foliarum 737 Phytophthora 200, 259, 279, 352, 509, fragariae 511, 1093 692, 748 gymnocarpa 1140 Blight 200 hedraiandra 1048 cactorum 200, 259, 509, 692, 711, hibernalis 1049 721, 723, 737, 747, 751, 755, 757, ilicis 201, 903 760, 781, 788, 792, 805, 828, 836, infestans 201, 841, 923, 977, 978, 837, 842, 844, 851, 861, 865, 875, 1015, 1033, 1110, color plate 9 880, 892, 902, 910, 925, 927, 936, inflata 844, 1049 938, 944, 946, 948, 953, 980, 987, insolita 1049 1000, 1002, 1006Ð1009, 1018, ipomoeae 968 1021, 1026, 1048Ð1050, 1074, lateralis 512, 738, 790, 925, 971, 1083, 1087, 1093, 1101, 1112, 1018, 1127, 1142 1116, 1119, 1127, 1131, 1134 Leaf 201 cambivora 953, 1018, 1048, 1049 meadii 206, 906 capsici 200, 509, 703, 743Ð745, medicaginis 206 822, 1011, 1036, 1081, 1086, megasperma 512, 729, 732, 768, 1104, 1112, 1134 782, 816, 905, 1002, 1082, 1091 Index 1271

megasperma f. sp. glycinea 512, Pieris (Mountain, Japanese Andromeda) 1078, 1079 1018 megasperma var. sojae 1079 Pigeon Pea (Cajanus) 1019 nicotianae 206, 757, 800, 864, 1049, Pigeon Pea Golden Mosaic 1019 1087, 1136 Pigeon Pea Golden Mosaic Bego- nicotianae var. nicotianae 512, 865 movirus 652 nicotianae var. parasitica 512, 737, Piggotia 1010, 1015, 1029 depressa 717 palmivora 512, 736, 757, 833, 901, fraxini 338 902, 920, 952, 971, 991Ð993, negundinis 759, 954 1010, 1136 vaccinii 756 parasitica 718, 729, 737, 759, 760, Pileolaria 558 770, 784, 799, 804, 836, 841, cotini-coggyriae 558, 1073 866, 901, 902, 924, 938, 942, 997, effusa 1096 1011, 1015, 1035, 1050, 1055, patzcuarensis 558, 1096 1059, 1067, 1074, 1109, 1112, Pine 1123, 1127, 1143 Branch 226 parasitica var. nicotianae 513, 977, Brown Spot Needle Blight 215 1021 Canker 227 parasitica var. parasitica 206 Cone Rust 541, 544 phaseoli 279, 744 Little Leaf 509 porri 513, 768 Needle Cast 379 Needle Rust 538 ramorum 352, 763, 772, 775, 783, Sheathoid Nematode 395 799, 809, 838, 856, 907, 910, 912, Twig Blight 164 941, 948, 952, 953, 980, 1018, Pine (Pinus) 1019 1048, 1068, 1077, 1089, 1125 Pine-Pine Gall Rust 545 sojae 513, 1079 Pineapple syringae 206, 261, 513, 711, 721, (Ananas) 1023 803, 925, 936, 1000, 1018 Wilt Ð Associated Closterovirus 653 thalictri 958 Wilt-Associated 1023 torulosum 513 Pinewood Nematode 390 tropicalis 1018, 1048, 1049 Pink Head 768 Phytophthora sp. 707, 726, 732, 802, Pink Mold Rot 532 815, 829, 913, 914, 993, 999, 1018, Pink Patch 471 1029, 1066, 1067, 1082, 1102 Pink Root 518, 519 Phytophthora spp. 960, 1016 Pink Rot 526 Phytoplasma 75 Pink Snowmold 592 Phytoreovirus 73 Pink Watery Rot 511 Phytotoxic 12 Pinon Blister Rust 541 Pick-A-Back (Tolmiea) 1018 Piperalin 23 Piedraiaceae 54 Pipsissewa (Chimaphila) 1023 Pierce’s Disease 883 Piptoporus betulinus 515 Pierce’s Grape Disease 130 Pirostoma nyssae 352 1272 Index

Pistachio (Pistacia) 1024 geranii 280, 872 Pitch (Branch) Cankers 244 gonolobi 280, 1062, 1127 Pitcher-Plant (Sarracenia) 1024 halstedii 280, 729, 778, 788, 802, Pith Necrosis 114 808, 848, 851, 877, 879, 915, Pithecellobium (Blackbead, Catsclaw) 919, 956, 1044, 1047, 1056, 1071, 1024 1095, 1097, 1124 Pithomyces chartarum 886 lactucaeradicis 934 Pitoporus betulinus 515 nivea 280, 943, 997 Pitted Sap Rot 515, 517 obducens 915 Pitting pygmaea 281, 716, 899, 967 Spot 1034 ribicola 881 Pittosporum 1024 viburni 281, 931, 1125 Pittosporum Leaf Spot 312 viticola 281, 715, 823, 883, 919, Placosphaeria 352 1128 graminis 353, 886 Platycodon (Balloon-Flower) 1026 haydeni 353, 735, 880 Plectospira 513 Plagiostoma myriandra 513, 1112 asarifolia 353, 874 Plectosporium 206 prenanthis 353 tabacinum 206, 745, 914 Plane Blight 228 Pleiochaeta 353 Plane-Tree, Sycamore (Platanus) (Ameri- setosa 353, 870, 945 can Sycamore, P. occidentalis; Cali- Plenodomus 261, 513 fornia Sycamore, P. racemosa; Lon- destruens 513, 922, 969, 1102 don Plane, P. acerifolia; and Oriental fuscomaculans 261, 719 Plane, P. orientalis) 1025 Pleochaeta Plantago prosopidis 452 Mottle 1026 Mottle Tymovirus 653 Pleosphaerulina Plantain, Common (Plantago) 1026 (Pringsheimia) 354 Plasmapara sojicola 354, 1078 halstedii 292 Pleosphaerulina sp. 871 Plasmodiophora 268 Pleospora 353, 514 brassicae 268, 712, 724, 767, 777, allii 732 796, 900, 906, 911, 973, 1043, compositarum 929 1091, 1098, 1129 fructicola 721, 1006 brassicicola 1119 herbarum 353, 514, 721, 732, 734, Plasmodiophoraceae 48 934, 936, 992, 1082 Plasmopara 280, 292 hyalospora 999 acalyphae 280, 705 lycopersici 1112 australis 965 Pleospora sp. 803, 975, 1003, 1066 cephalophora 1018 Pleurotus 514 cercidis 1047 ostreatus 514, 845, 884, 904, 939, crustosa 280 1014, 1024 epilobii 847 serotinus 710, 752 Index 1273

similis 909 Poinsettia ulmarius 514, 721 (Euphorbia pulcherrima) 1029 Pleurotus sp. 1139 Mosaic 1029 Pleurotus spp. 954, 1100, 1137 Mosaic Tymovirus 653 Ploioderma Scab 601 hedgecockii 377 Pointed Ends 1034 lethale 182, 378 Poison Hemlock (Conium) 1029 Plum Polemonium (Jacobs-Ladder, Greek- Line Pattern 1027 Valerian) 1030 Line Pattern = Plum American Line Pollaccia saliciperda 573 Pattern Ilarvirus 653 Polyporaceae 61 Pockets 296 Polyporus 514 Pox 793, 1002 (Favolus) 477 Rusty Blotch 1027 abietinus Syn. Hirshioporus abieti- Wart 134, 136 nus 515 White Spot 653, 1027 adustus 710, 1047, 1099 Wild (Prunus americana) 1028 amplectrens 998 Plum (Garden), Prune (Prunus domestica) anceps 515 1026 balsameus 515 Plumegrass (Erianthus) 1028 betulinus 515, 752 Plumeria (Frangipani) 1028 dryadeus 515 Pockets 1111 dryophilus 773 Pod 150 farlowii 773, 972, 1137 Pod and Seed Spot 373 gilvus 516, 752, 937, 1099 Pod Spot 306, 307, 334, 351, 498 halesiae 893 Podocarpus 1028 hirsutus 710, 797, 874, 970, 1002, Podosonaera 1027, 1048 pannosa 1053 hispidus 516, 752, 972 Podosphaera 448 lacteus 709, 874, 1002 biuncinata 1139 lucidus 516, 1047 clandestina 449 mori 477 jusca 852 mutabilis 1048 leucotricha 448, 720, 817, 1005, olaea 984 1018, 1041 pargamenus 516 oxyacanthae 712, 714, 720, 723, pulchellus 927 765, 792, 799, 817, 895, 906, 976, robiniophilus 998 1001, 1005, 1014, 1041, 1063, schweinitzii 517, 1021, 1142 1075, 1083, 1136 spraguei 998, 1141 oxyacanthae var. tridactyla 970, squamosus 517 1027 sulphureus 516, 710, 773, 861, pannosa 449, color plate 8 1106, 1131 tridactyla 450, 711 texanus 962 Podosphaera sp. 815 tomentosus var. circinatus 517 Poinciana (Caesalpinia) 1028 tulipiferae 725, 874, 900 1274 Index

versicolor 709Ð711, 772, 773, 795, isabellina 998 797, 874, 891, 895, 914, 970, 971, laevigata 518 998, 1002, 1027, 1039, 1047 luteoalba 518 versicolor Syn. Coriolus versicol- prunicola 518 or 517 punctata 741, 760, 989, 1096 Polyporus spp. 721, 726, 731, 739, sequoiae 1068 748, 752, 785, 790, 792, 794, 805, spiculosa 902 825, 836, 838, 843, 845, 850, 861, subacida 518, 825 884, 892, 898, 903, 904, 907, 909, vaporaria 726, 804 910, 916, 930, 940, 942, 948, 949, versipora 917, 947 954, 981, 1006, 1014, 1021, 1025, weirii 518, 726, 838, 861 1031, 1064, 1068, 1084, 1096, 1100, Poria sp. 769 1117, 1119, 1131, 1137, 1139 Poria spp. 721, 731, 739, 790, 794, Polyporus tomentosa 490 836, 861, 884, 904, 909, 930, 941, Polystomellaceae 54 942, 949, 954, 992, 1021, 1100, Pome Fruit Spot Anthracnose 598 1131 Pomegranate Porio (Punica granatum) 1030 ambigua 772 Rot 461 ferruginosa 772 Spot Anthracnose 601 Portulaca 1033 Pond-Spice (Litsea) 1030 Postharvest Decay 472, 476, 521 Ponderosa Postharvest Rot 497 Pine Rust 540 Postia balsamea 517 Popcorn Disease 166 Potassium Bicarbonate 23 Poplar Potato Aspen, Cottonwood (Populus) 1030 A Potyvirus 654 Decline Potyvirus 653 Acropetal Necrosis 654 Leaf Spot 337 Anthracnose 86 Mosaic 1032 Apical Leaf Roll 133 Mosaic Carlavirus 654 Aucuba Mosaic 1035 Rust 554 Aucuba Mosaic Potexvirus 654 Yellow Leaf Blister 297 Blackleg 107 Poplar Decline 1032 Bouquet Disease 654 Poppy (Papaver) 1032 Calico 654, 1035 Poppy-Mallow (Callirhoë) 1032 Corky Ring Spot 1036 Pops 1003 Crinkle 654, 1035 Poria 517 Green Dwarf 654 albipellucida 1068 Leaf Blotch 218, 219 ambigua 792, 793, 892 Leaf Roll 902, 1036, 1082, 1087 carnegieae 769 Leaf Roll Luteovirus 655 cocos 518 Leaf Rolling Mosaic 1036 ferrea 896 Leaf Rolling Mosaic = Potato M ferruginosa 952, 1064 Carlavirus 655 inermis 970 Leaf Spot 312, 313 Index 1275

Leafroll 828, 890, 934, 978, 1113, minyus 405, 860, 883, 1005 1144 musicola 405, 740, 859, 984, 1131 Mop-Top 1036 nannus 405, 1144 Mottle 655, 797 negelectus 405, 1034 Purple Top 1035 penetrans 405, 720, 723, 749, 813, Rot Nematode 392 855, 915, 937, 1001, 1011, 1034, Rugose Mosaic 655, 1015, 1036 1068, 1084, 1093, 1144 SCarlavirus 655 pratensis 406, 718, 720, 744, 757, Spindle Tuber 1036 760, 762, 767, 777, 800, 824, 829, Spindle Tuber Viroid 655, 1113 841, 859, 873, 880, 883, 887, 905, Vein Banding 1036 914, 937, 938, 945, 949, 974, 987, Vein Banding = Potato Y 1005, 1027, 1053, 1061, 1074, Potyvirus 656 1091, 1093, 1101, 1111, 1117, Virus A 656, 978, 1036 1119, 1127, 1135 Virus M 1036 safaenis 406, 1079 Virus S 1036 scribneri 406, 713, 987, 1034, 1053, Virus X 745, 747, 819, 837, 921, 1093 1012 sp. thornei 954 Virus Y 978, 1012, 1121 subpenetrans 406, 887 Wart 293 thornei 406, 825, 887, 976 Witches’ Broom 656, 1036 vulnus 406, 711, 723, 736, 760, X Potexvirus 656 792, 803, 859, 864, 883, 925, 937, Yellow Dwarf 827, 879, 1036, 1057, 1001, 1027, 1046, 1053, 1068, 1127, 1138 1131, 1137 Yellow Dwarf Nucleorhab- zeae 406 dovirus 656 Pratylenchus sp. 705, 707, 750, 771, Yellow Spot 657, 1036 792, 820, 934, 935, 942, 981, 1010, Potato (Solanum tuberosum) 1033 1016, 1036, 1063, 1101 Potentilla (Cinquefoil) 1036 Pratylenchus spp. 406 Potexvirus 73 Premature Ripening 197 Pothos (Epipremnum) 1036 Prenanthes (Rattlesnake-Root) 1037 Pothos, Ivy-Arum (Scindapsus) 1036 Prickly-Ash (Xanthoxylum americanum) Potyvirus 74 1037 Pouts 1003 Prickly-Poppy (Argemone) 1037 Powdery Mildew 441, 442, 444, 446, Primrose 448Ð451 Leaf Spot 355 Powdery Scab 574 Mosaic 657, 1038 Pratylenchus 405 Primrose (Primula) 1037 brachyurus 405, 736, 803, 887, Privet 1003, 1023, 1034 Ring Spot 657 coffeae 405, 775, 796, 883, 1093 Privet (Ligustrum) 1038 crenatus 405 Prochloraz 23 fallax 405, 887 Propamocarb 23 hexincisus 405 Propiconazole 23 1276 Index

Propineb 23 Pseudocercosporella spp. 1028 Prospodium 558 Pseudomassaria appendiculatum 558, 1090 sepincolaeformis 240 lippiae 558 Pseudomassaria (Didymella) 240 plagiopus 558, 1105 Pseudomonadaceae 111 transformans 558 Pseudomonas Protectant 11 aceris 113, 759, 953 Protomyces 292 acernea 953 gravidus 292, 1044 adzukicola 113, 743 macrosporus 292, 897 albopreciptans 113 Protomycetaceae 52 alcaligenes 877 Prune alliicola 984 (Standard) Constricting Mosaic 657 andropogonis 113, 759, 795, 807, Constricting Mosaic 1027 813, 1089 Diamond Canker 657, 1027 angulata 113, 890, 977 Dwarf 793, 1027 asplenii 114, 854 Dwarf Ilarvirus 657 avenae 114, 813 Prunella (Self-Heal, Heal-All) 1039 berberidis 114, 741 Pruning Disease 164 caryophylli 114, 780, 1089 Pruning Wound Canker 261 cattleyae 114, 987 Prunus cepacia 114, 984 Black Knot 134, 136 cichorii 114, 742, 767, 787, 800, Necrotic Ring Spot 793, 1002, 1054 846, 871, 933, 941, 948, 1036, Necrotic Ringspot Ilarvirus 658 1048, 1065 Ring Spot 1002, 1087 coadunata 743 Psalliota colurnae 895 campestris 284, 886 coronafaciens var. atropurpurea 761 Pseudeurotiaceae 53 corrugata 114, 1110 Pseudo Curly Top 1113 delphinii 967 Pseudo-peronospora erodii 872 cubensis 965 fluorescens 114, 911 Pseudocercospora fluorescens pv. marginalis 933 abelmoschi 314 gladioli 114, 854 cannabina 314 helianthi 729 capsellae 314 huttiensis 1109 handelii 314 intybus 846 paederiae 1072 jaggeri pv. apii 787 puderi 314 lachrymans 763, 882, 959, 1133 purpurea 219 lauraceum 772 sordida 165 longifolia 890 Pseudocercosporella 354 maculicola 767, 796, 1119 albida 744 marginalis 1011 capsellae 315, 354, 767, 796, 973, marginata 819, 865, 875, 1109 1119 melophthora 114, 718 Index 1277 morsprunorum 791 syringae pv. pisi 118, 998 ovata 743 syringae pv. porri 118, 1069 pastinacae 997 syringae pv. primulae 118 phaseolicola 746, 928 syringae pv. savastanoi 119, 984 pisi 1100 syringae pv. syringae 747, 853, 874, primulae 1037 1086, 1136 pseudoalcaligenes 115, 1087 syringae pv. tabaci 119, 743, 841, pseudoalcaligenes subsp. citrulli 890, 1110 959, 1133 syringae pv. tagetis 120, 729, 955, ribicola 115, 823 1044, 1071, 1096, 1097 sesami 115, 1068 syringae pv. tomato 120, 1110 solanacearum 115, 740, 743, 784, syringae pv. tonelliana 983 815, 826, 841, 871, 905, 913, 915, syringae pv. zizaniae 120, 1136 956, 975, 1003, 1011, 1015, 1033, tabaci 120, 785, 977, 1078 1068, 1078, 1097, 1110, 1144 viburni 120, 1125 stizolobii 1122 viridiflava 120, 742, 1011, 1029, syringae 115, 119, 711, 718, 723, 1109 730, 736, 743, 746, 767, 788, 791, viridilivida 120, 933 803, 813, 835, 844, 846, 853, 901, washingtoniae 120, 993 915, 919, 927, 928, 936, 948, 965, woodsii 121, 780 971, 976, 983, 998, 1000, 1004, Pseudomonas sp. 121, 707, 756, 877, 1011, 1026, 1051, 1058, 1081, 1045, 1117 1122 Pseudonectria 261 syringae pv. aceris 115 pachysandricola 216 syringae pv. alisalensis 730, rouselliana 261 767, 885 Pseudoperonospora 282 syringae pv. angulata 115 celtidis 282, 892 syringae pv. apii 116, 787 cubensis 282, 739, 763, 797, 821, syringae pv. aptata 116, 748, 975, 882, 960, 961, 1086, 1133 1104 erodii 900 syringae pv. coronafaciens 116, humuli 908 762, 885 Pseudopezicula 300 syringae pv. coryli 895 tetraspora 300, 884 syringae pv. delphinii 116, 829 Pseudopeziza 96 syringae pv. glycinea 116, 1078 repanda 867 syringae pv. helianthi 116, 1096 ribis 97, 822, 823, 881 syringae pv. hibisci 117, 901 Pseudorhytisma bistortae 356 syringae pv. lachrymans 117, 821, Pseudosaccharomycetaceae 63 1086 Pseudoseptoria syringae pv. maculicola 767, 1119 everhartii 358 syringae pv. mori 117, 972 obtusa 358 syringae pv. mors-prunorum 117 Pseudovalsa 261 syringae pv. papulans 118, 718 longipes 261, 980 syringae pv. phaseolicola 118, 743 Psilocybe agrariella var. vaccinii 818 1278 Index

Psittacanthus macrantherus 981, 1020 asarina 874 Psyllid Yellows 1034, 1111 asparagi 560, 732, 986 Ptychogaster sp. 987 asperior 943 Puccinastrum asteris 735 sparsum 948 atrofusca 728, 1059 Puccinia 558 atropuncta 765, 1037, 1090, 1123, aberrans 1072 1141, 1143 abrupta 878, 1124 ballotaeflorae 1059 acetosae 1057 balsamorhizae 739, 1140 acrophila 1105 bartholomaei 766, 1016 acroptili 558, 789, 1057 batesiana 897 adoxae 706, 973 bistortae 717 agnita 806 bolleyana 843 agrimoniae 708 bouvardiae 759 albulensis 1125 brachypodii var. poae-nemoralis 560 aletridis 1089 brandegei 814 allii 558, 869, 986 calcitrapae var. centaureae 560 amphigena 558, 1072, 1143 calochorti 956 andina 1045 calthae 957 andropogonis 558, 741, 964, 989, calthicola 957 990, 1009, 1014, 1073 campanulae 776 andropogonis var. onobrychidis 945 canaliculata 560, 808, 979, 1097 andropogonis var. penstemonis 1120 cannae 778, 955 andropogonis var. polygalina 963 carduorum 560, 1072, 1108 andropogonis var. xanthoxyli 900, caricina 560, 824 1037 caricina var. grossulariata 881 anemones-virginianae 716 caricina var. limosae 1089 angelicae 717, 1105 caricina var. uliginosa 889 angustata 964, 966, 971, 1132 caricina var. uniporula 881 angustata var. eriophori 1067 caricis 823 antirrhini 558, 939, 1074 caricis-shepherdiae 764, 842 arachidis 559, 1004 carnegiana 762 araliae 875 carthami 561, 1058 arenariae 833, 946, 1063, 1103 castillejae 990 areolata 957 caulicola 1059 argentata 706, 973 chelonis 1120 aristidae 560, 710, 749, 772, 806, chloridis 730 814, 820, 830, 839, 864, 873, cirsii 802, 1107 890, 898, 928, 961, 973, 975, 982, claytoniicola 561 1013, 1015, 1038, 1043, 1062, clintonii 1140 1069, 1070, 1076, 1082, 1124, coelopleuri 717 1129, 1131 cognata 1124 arnicalis 727 collinsiae 810 arundinariae 1072 columbiensis 894 Index 1279 commutata 1122 expansa 1067 confraga 1009 extensicola var. oenotherae 870 conglomerata 1015 farinacea 1059 conoclinii 561, 708, 851 fergussoni 1128 consimilis 1129 festucae 908 conspicua 897 flaveriae 561, 772, 778 convolvuli 773 fraseri 894 cooperiae 1044, 1143 gaillardiae 867 coronata 561, 730, 764, 842, 880, gemella 957 888, 893, 1047 gentianae 870 crandallii 561, 812, 1075, 1140 gigantea 847 crassipes 969 gigantispora 716 crepidis-montanae 894 giliae 810, 873 cryptanthes 820 glabella 758 cyani 789 glechomatis 890 cynodontis 561, 888 globosipes 946, 957 cyperi 848 glumarum 888 cypripedii 561, 988 gnaphaliicola 877 dayi 943 graminis 561, 741, 880, 888, delphinii 829 893, 950 dichelostemmae 762 graminis subsp. graminicola 888 dichondrae 833 grindeliae 735, 801, 848, 880, 890, difformis 867 915, 1042 dioicae 561, 847, 848, 879, 880, grumosa 1090, 1143 890, 894, 897, 928, 932, 934, 982, gulosa 1030 1037, 1042, 1056, 1067, 1068, haleniae 870 1122 harknessii 950, 1090 dioicae var. asteris 735, 758 helianthi 563, 729, 897, 1097 distichlidis 943 hemerocallidis 828 douglasii 1017 heterospora 563, 704, 905, 951, drabae 839 1070 dracunculi 561 heucherae 563, 752, 863, 901, 941, eatoniae var. myosotidis 863 1064, 1106 eatoniae var. ranunculi 1045 hieracii 563, 846, 893, 894, 917, echeveriae 840 928, 950 effusa 1128 holboellii 839, 1072, 1129 eleocharidis 851 horiana 563, 800 ellisiana 995, 1128 hydrophylli 914 ellisii 717 hyssopi 707 emiliae 845 insperata 1037 enceliae 845 interveniens 791, 876, 951, 1033 epilobii 847 invaginata 882 erigeniae 893 investita 877 eriophylii 848 iridis 563, 755, 918, 968 1280 Index

irrequiseta 789 obscura 1140 jaceae var. diffusa 563, 789 oenotherae 758, 805, 847, 878, 982, jaceae var. solstitiales 789 1143 jonesii 943 orbicula 1037 jussiaeae 944, 1134 ortonii 835 koeleriae 741, 950 oxalidis 950, 989 kuhniae 761, 929 oxyriae 972 lagenophorae 564, 802, 847, 1067 pallidissima 1088 lantanae 929 palmeri 1009 lateripes 1057 panici 1075, 1085 lateritia 912 parkerae 824 leonotidis 940 parnassiae 889 leveillei 872 paroselae 1073 liatridis 936 pattersoniana 762 ligustici 717, 943 pazschkei var. tricuspidatae 1064 limosae 943 pelargonii-zonalis 564, 871 linkii 1126 penstemonis 1009 lithospermi 852 peridermiospora 863 lobata 905, 1070 phaceliae 772 lobeliae 941 phragmitis 564, 1050 lygodii 855 physalidis 890 macrospora 1072 physostegiae 1018 maculosa 928 pimpinellae 717, 1103 magnusiana 716 piperi 888 malvacearum 564, 905, 931, 951 plumbaria 810, 873, 1017 marie-wilsoniae 806 poae-nemoralis 564, 888 massalis 1097 poae-sudeticae 564 melampodii 564 poarum 1015 melanconioides 835 podophylli 958 melanocephala 740 polemonii 1030 melliflora 1059 polygoni-amphibii 564, 872, 924 menthae 564, 755, 807, 834, 873, polysora 564, 814, 1028 964, 966, 971, 988, 1142 poromera 717 mertensiae 863, 930, 962 porphyrogenita 835 mesneriana 764, 809 porri 798 mesomajalis 807 praegracilis 988 micrantha 824 probabilis 1125 millefolii 728, 1059, 1141 psidii 565, 710, 959, 983 monoica 725, 839, 1072 pulsatillae 716, 806, 1114 montanensis 741 pulverulenta 847, 878 moreniana 762 punctata 867 nakanishikii 564, 933 punctata var. troglodytes 867 nodosa 762 punctiformis 1107, 1108 obliqua 1016, 1062, 1127 pygmaea 565, 888 Index 1281 pyrolae 963 subcircinata 1067 ranunculi 1045 subdecora 761 raunkaerii 1056 substriata 566 recedens 1067 substriata (I) 842 recondita 565, 716, 740, 762, 772, symphoricarpi 1075, 1140 806, 811, 829, 888, 914, 941, 958, tageticola 956 962, 967, 986, 1045, 1057 tanaceti 728, 1059, 1106 recondita tritici 565 tanaceti var. dracunculina 566 recondita var. secalis 715 taneceti 566, 800 retecta 716 tardissima 1063 rhaetica 1125 tenuis 851 romanzoffiae 1051 thaliae 566, 728, 1107 rubefaciens 867 thlaspeos 725 rudbeckiae 1056 tolimensis 851 rufescens 1140 treleasiana 957 rydbergii 1066 tripsaci 786 salviicola 1059 tumidipes 878, 946, 957 scandica 847 umbilici 1066 schedonnardi 791, 876, 905, 951, vagans 891 1033, 1055, 1070 vagans var. epilobi-tetragoni 758 scirpi 979 valerianae 1122 septentrionalis 958 veratri 847, 1123 sessilis 918, 950, 1076, 1077, 1095, verbesinae 706, 1124 1121 vernoniae 919 seymouriana 715, 767, 835 veronicarum 822, 1125 sherardiana 791, 876, 905, 951 vertisepta 1059 sieversii 873 vesiculosa 716 silphii 1071 vilfae 1124 smilacis 835, 1072 vincae 974, 1127 solheimi 565, 835 violae 995, 1128 sorghi 565, 814, 989 virgae-aureae 880 sparganioides 565, 731 virgata 1028 sparsum 747 volkartiana 1051 spegazzinii 963 waldsteiniae 742 sphaeralceae 876 welfeniae 1105 sporoboli 938 windsoriae 909 stenotaphri 888 xanthii 808, 1097 stenotaphricola 566 yosemitana 873 stipae 735, 801, 848, 880, 890, ziziae 1144 1042, 1067 zoysiae 1145 striiformis 566, 888 Puccinia sp. 717 striiformis f. sp. tritici 1135 Pucciniaceae 60 stromatica 806 Pucciniastrum 566 subangulata 762 agrimoniae 708 1282 Index

alaskanum 870 Pyrenophora americanum 566, 1046 trichostoma 1136 epilobii 566, 866, 878 tritici-repentis 1135 ericae 896 Pyrethrum (Chrysanthemum cinerariifoli- galii 868 um, C. coccineum) 1040 goeppertianum 566, 757, 862, 1136 Pyricularia 206, 354 hydrangeae 566, 898, 914 grisea 206, 354, 788, 885, 886, myrtilli 738, 757, 898, 913, 1008, 1051 947, 961 perenne 886 pustulatum 805, 847, 862 Pyrifenox 24 pyrolae 1023, 1040 Pyrola (Shinleaf) 1040 sparsum 753, 952 Pyroquilon 24 vaccinii 567, 818, 1049, 1136 Pythiaceae 50 Pucciniastrum spp. 1136 Pythium 207, 519, 692 Puccinii hieracii 934 abappressorium 1135 Puffing 1111 acanthicum 519 Pullularia aphanidermatum 519, 729, 745, pullulans 744, 1019, 1110 829, 841, 871, 881, 885, 891, 915, 960, 978, 995, 1012, 1029, 1043, Pullularia sp. 792 1078, 1079, 1085, 1087, 1104 Pullularia spp. 756 aristorum 745 Pulmonaria 1039 aristosporum 519 Pumpkin 1039 arrhenomanes 519, 834, 841, 843, Punctodera punctata 887 888, 919, 924, 979, 1012, 1104, Puncture Vine (Tribulus) 1039 1112 Purple Blotch 218, 341 carolinianum 519, 996 Purple Cane Spot 174 catenulatum 519, 745, 1012 Purple Leaf Blotch 222 debaryanum 519, 713, 741, 744, Purple Leaf Spot 342 770, 805, 841, 843, 846, 871, Purple Spot 364 874, 888, 892, 928, 937, 941, 945, Pustular Spot 168, 169 960, 995, 1013, 1029, 1035, 1043, Pycnosystanus azalea 163 1058, 1086, 1097, 1116, 1131 Pyracantha deliense 749 Scab 573, 574 dissotocum 519, 745, 871, 1079 Pyracantha (Firethorn) 1039 graminicola 1012, 1024 Pyrazophos 24 helicoides 786, 1012, 1073 Pyrenochaeta 206, 518 heterothallicum 871 lycopersici 519, 1112 hypogynum 901 phlogis 206, 1016 intermedium 855 terrestris 519, 888, 985, 999, 1013, irregulare 519, 742, 807, 871, 872, 1069, 1082, 1102, 1112 933, 940, 1012, 1029, 1038 venuta 980 mamillatum 708, 810, 811, 871 Pyrenochaeta sp. 756 mastophorum 520, 771, 787, 847 Index 1283

myriotylum 207, 519, 520, 692, Quince 745, 871, 934, 942, 978, 1003, Flowering, Japanese, Chinese 1004, 1012, 1110, 1112 (Chaenomeles) 1042 oligandrum 777 Rust 547 palingenes 1039 Quince (Cydonia) 1041 paroecandrum 520, 945 Quintozene 23 periplocum 519, 960 perniciosum 1029 Rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus) 1042 polymastum 520, 767 Radish polytylum 1039 Black Root 458 rostratum 866 Leaf Spot 305 splendens 520, 796, 833, 871, 977, Mosaic 1043, 1120 987, 1010, 1012, 1016, 1037 Mosaic Comovirus 658 torulosum 1078, 1136 Wilt 691 tracheiphilum 692, 935 Yellows 934 ultimum 520, 707, 712, 734, 744, Radish (Raphanus) 1042 764, 766, 771, 778, 785, 790, 795, Radopholus 407 802, 807, 829, 831, 833, 866, 867, Radopholus similis 407, 710, 736, 739, 871, 877, 878, 888, 901, 915, 924, 740, 771, 774, 775, 777, 781, 784, 927, 945, 956, 987, 988, 1029, 803, 868, 891, 921, 944, 949, 994, 1083, 1087, 1098, 1103, 1116, 1010, 1011, 1016, 1036, 1072 1119 Ragweed (Ambrosia) 1044 Rain-Lily (Cooperia) 1044 uncinulatum 521, 934 Ralstonia (Pseudomonas) vexans 829, 871 solanacearum 718 Pythium aphanidermatum 692 Ralstonia solanacearum 122, 871, 1033 Pythium sp. 703, 760, 780, 782, 788, Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) 800, 802, 815, 818, 836, 844, 915, 1044 991Ð993, 996, 1004, 1040, 1045, Ramularia 354 1067, 1069, 1120 acalyphae 705 Pythium spp. 521, 737, 738, 745, 748, actaeae 740 750, 767, 787, 803, 809, 813, 821, aequivoca 1044 827, 829, 934, 938, 942, 985, 994, agrestis 995, 1127 999, 1011, 1020, 1035, 1050, 1074, andromedae 935 1078, 1081, 1091, 1094, 1100, 1102, angelicae 717 1110, 1132, 1133 angustata 738 armoraciae 355, 911 Quail aromatica 1099 Pea Mosaic Comovirus 658 artemisiae 1059 Quail Pea Mosaic 1095 arvensis 1036 Quarternary Ammonium Compounds asteris 734 24, 27 barbareae 1138 Queen Anne’S Lace, False (Ammi majus) beticola 748, 1104 1040 brevipes 966 1284 Index

brunellae 1039 multiplex 817 calthae 956 nemopanthus 970 carthami 1058 obducens 1140 celastri 753 orontii 878 centranthi 1121, 1122 oxalidis 989 cephalanthi 766 pastinacae 355, 997 cercosphaelloides 1058 penstemonis 1009 cercosporoides 847 philadelphi 966 chrysopsidis 801 primulae 355, 1038 cichorii 846 pruinosa 1067 claytoniae 806 pusilla 345 clematidis 806 pyrolae 1040 crepidis 894 ranunculi 716 cyclaminicola 824 cylindriopsis 947 repens 725 cynarae 729, 779 reticulata 1103 delphinii 829 rhei 1050 deusta f. sp. odorati 1101 rosea 1137 didyma 322 rubicunda 950 diervillae 834, 1135 rudbeckiae 879, 1047, 1056 dioscoreae 1141 salviicola 1058 effusa 912 sambucina 843 euonymi 850 saururi 1064 filaris 1067 senecionis 1067 gei 873 serotina 880 geranii 872 sidalceae 791 giliae 873 sidarum 1070 hamamelidis 1139 smilacinae 1077 hedericola 920 sphaeroidea 1125 heraclei 900 sphaerpioides 1107 hydrophylli 914 spiraeae 979 lactea 995, 1127 stachydis 1088 lappulae 825 subrufa 1072 liriodendri 1117 tanaceti 1106 lophanthi 707 ulmariae 878 lupini 945 lysimachiae 943 vaccinii 756 macrospora 776, 1053 vallisumbrosae 355, 974 menthicola 964 vancouveriae 1122 mimuli 964 variabilis 355, 865, 973 mitellae 752 variegata 1015 mitellae var. heucherae 901 veronicae 822, 1125 momordicae 739 viburni 1125 monilioides 1099 waldsteiniae 742 Index 1285

Ramularia sp. 728, 758, 782, 835, 881, gooddingii 704 917, 937, 1014, 1016, 1038, 1064, gracilis 1024 1100, 1105, 1119 hieronymi 704, 913 Ramularia spp. 875, 1094 holwayi 962 Ramulispora 355 humphreyana 567, 770, 1028 sorghi 355, 886 igualica 704 sorghicola 924 indigoferae 567 Ranunculus laevis 916 (Buttercup, Crowfoot) 1044 leucaenae 932 Mosaic 1045 lysilomae 947 Mottle 1045 morongiae 1065 Mottle Potyvirus 658 opaca 907 Raphanus raphanistruno 768 pithecolobii 1024 Raspberry reticulatae 774 (Red) Mosaic 659 roemerianae 704 Alpha Leaf Curl Luteovirus 658 siderocarpi 1024 Beta Leaf Curl 754, 832 siliquae 704, 913 Beta Leaf Curl Luteovirus 658 subtortuosae 704 Bushy Dwarf 1046 texensis 765 Cane Blight 184, 185 thornberiana 704 Decline 659 versatilis 704 Leaf Curl 1046 Red Leaf Spot 362 Blotch 301 Mosaic 832 Brown Heart Rot 515, 516 Ringspot 754 Clover Vein Mosaic 795, 808, 933 Ringspot Nepovirus 659 Clover Vein Mosaic Carlavirus 660 Spur Blight 174 Fire Disease 301 Streak 659, 754, 1046 Heart Rot 529 Yellow Mosaic 1046 Leaf 1005 Yellow Mosaic = Rubus Yellow Net Leaf Gall 293, 294 Bednavirus 659 Leaf Spot 290, 301, 308, 331, Raspberry (Black) Necrosis 659 332, 363 Raspberry (Rubus) 1045 Mottle Rot 518 Rasutoria abietiis 141 Raspberry Mosaic 754, 1046 Rathayibacter rathayi 885 Ray Rot 514, 515 Ratibida (Prairie Coneflower) 1047 Ring Rot 478, 479 Ratoon Stunt 103 Stem Spot 219 Rattan Vine (Berchemia) 1047 Red-Bay, Swamp-Bay (Persea borbonia) Ravenelia 567 1047 annulata 947 Redbud Leaf Spot 341 arizonica 962 Redbud, Judas-Tree (Cercis) 1047 australis 704, 913 Redweed (Melochia) 1048 dysocarpae 567 Rehmiellopsis balsameae 207, 860 fragrans var. evernia 567 Reniform Nematode 408 1286 Index

Rhabdocline 380 1062, 1066, 1067, 1069Ð1071, pseudotsugae 380, 838 1074, 1077, 1078, 1081, 1084, pseudotsugae subsp. pseudotsug- 1085, 1087, 1090, 1091, 1093, ae 838 1097, 1098, 1100, 1102Ð1104, weirii 381, 838 1107, 1109, 1110, 1116, 1117, Rhabdogloeum 1119, 1121, 1123, 1125, 1127Ð abietinum 860 1129, 1131, 1133, 1134, 1141, hydrophyllum 838 1142, 1144, 1145 Rhabdospora 261 solani Ag-7 1134 mirabilissima 1020 tuliparum 522, 918, 938, 1116 rubi 262 zeae 1104 Rhexia (Deergrass, Meadow-Beauty) Rhizoctonia sp. 208, 521, 730, 833, 1048 855, 856, 859, 862, 868, 958, 1010, Rhizina 521 1037, 1058, 1085 undulata 521, 838, 898, 930, 1019 Rhizoctonia spp. 782, 1003 Rhizobiaceae 98 Rhizoctoniose 501 Rhizoctonia 207, 356, 521, 693 Rhizomania 749 bataticola 521, 942 Rhizome Rot 483, 525, 527 crocorum 521 Rhizomonas suberifaciens 121, 934 microsclerotia 1017 Rhizopus 208, 523 oryzae 999 arrhizus 523, 749, 876 ramicola 207, 818, 842, 849, 853, nigricans 523, 721, 737, 859, 1001, 904, 1024, 1039, 1048 1006, 1046, 1093 solani 208, 356, 522, 693, 703, 705, oryzae 523, 1097 707, 708, 712, 715, 724Ð726, Rot 523 729, 730, 732Ð734, 737, 738, 742, stolonifer 208, 523, 713, 729, 745, 744, 748, 750, 754, 757, 760, 764, 768, 792, 804, 821, 841, 851, 891, 766Ð768, 771, 772, 774, 776, 778, 945, 960, 975, 986, 999, 1012, 780, 782, 784Ð788, 795, 800, 802, 1014, 1087, 1112, 1116 803, 805, 807Ð810, 812, 813, 815, Rhizopus sp. 938 821, 822, 827Ð829, 831Ð834, 838, Rhizopus spp. 711, 749, 782, 997, 841, 844, 846, 851, 853, 854, 858, 1004, 1035, 1102, 1133 862, 865, 870, 871, 874, 876, 878, Rhizosphaera 381 880, 881, 885, 892, 898, 900, 904, Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii 381, 1083, 912, 914, 915, 917, 918, 920, 928, 1084 930, 931, 934, 937Ð939, 941, 942, Rhodesgrass (Chloris gayana) 1048 945Ð948, 952, 953, 956, 960Ð Rhodochytrium spilanthidis 879 962, 967, 973, 977, 978, 982, 983, Rhodococcus fascians 103, 705, 776, 985, 987, 988, 994, 996, 997, 999, 897, 911, 976, 1123, 1124 1001, 1004, 1007, 1010, 1011, Rhododendron 1048 1013, 1015, 1019, 1020, 1024, Leaf Gall 290 1026, 1029, 1032, 1033, 1038, Leaf Spot 313, 314, 336, 345, 346, 1040, 1043, 1044, 1046, 1048, 349, 350 1050, 1055, 1057Ð1059, 1061, Necrotic Ringspot 971, 1049 Index 1287

Necrotic Ringspot Potexvirus 660 Rice-Paper Wilt 692 Plant (Tetrapanax) 1051 Rhodotorula 288 Rickettsialike bacteria 104 glutinis 721 Rickettsialike organism 885 Rhoeo 1049 Ring Nematode 390, 391 Rhopalidium cercosporelloidis 906 Ring Rot 498 Rhubarb Ring Spot 320, 340, 432, 707, 890, (Rheum) 1050 945, 1010, 1027, 1034, 1074 Anthracnose 87, 93 Ripe Fruit Rot 87, 499 Chlorotic Ring 1050 Ripe Rot 90, 92, 468, 480, 499 Chlorotic Ring Spot 660 Robinia Crown Rot 110 Brooming 660, 907 Ring Spot 660 Rock-Jasmine (Androsace) 1051 Rhubard Downy Mildew 279 Rock-Rose (Cistus) 1051 Rhynchosia Golden Mosaic 978, 1080 Rodopholus similis 1028 Rhynchosia Golden Mosaic Bego- Rodotorula glutinis 288 movirus 660 Roesleria 523 Rhytidhysteron rufulum 216 hypogaea 523, 884 Rhytisma 356 Rohdea 1051 acerinum 356, 759, 954 Rollinia 1051 andromedae 356, 715, 932, 947, Rolstonia solanacearum 121 971, 1018 Romanzoffia 1051 arbuti 948 Root and Basal Rot 480 bistorti 356 concavum 1138 Root and Butt Rot 477, 478, 490 decolorans 935, 947 Root and Crown Rot 472, 483, ilicincola 1141 492, 510 ilicinicolum 904 Root and Leaf Rot 502 ilicis-canadensis 970 Root and Pod Rot 525 liriodendri 356, 1117 Root and Seed Rot 484 prini 1138 Root and Stalk Rot 475, 476 punctatum 356, 759, 954 Root and Stem Rot 498, 502, 512, 513, salicinum 356, 1137 519, 522, 525 vaccinii 853, 912, 1135 Root Girdle 782 velatum 904 Root Lesions 483 Rhytisma sp. 961 Root Rot 152, 240, 456, 461, 466, 468, Ribbon-Bush (Homalocladium) 1050 471Ð473, 475, 477, 479, 481, 483, Ribbon-Grass (Phalaris) 1050 484, 490, 497, 501, 510Ð522, 526, Ribgrass 527, 532, 533 Mosaic Tobamovirus 660 Root, Stalk, Pink Kernel Rot 480 Ribgrass Mosaic 1026 Root, Stolon, and Petiole Rot 504 Rice Root-Knob Nematode 402, 403 (Oryzae sativa) 1051 Root-Rot 523 Root-Knob Nematode 402 Rootlet Necrosis 513 1288 Index

Rose buxophilus 408, 741, 760, 1010 Ð Acacia (Robinia hispida) 1054 cristiei 408, 887 Ð Mallow (Hibiscus palustris) 1055 reniformis 815, 1003 (Rosa) 1051 robustus 408, 738 Anthracnose 599 uniformis 408 Blackspot 144 Rouge-Plant (Rivina) 1056 Brand Canker 231 Rough Bark 1025 Brown Canker 234 Rubber-Plant (Ficus elastica) 1056 Canker 246 Rudbeckia (Golden-Glow, Coneflower, Commom Canker 230 Black-Eyed Susan) 1056 Dieback 241 Rue Anemone (Anemonella) 1057 Downy Mildew 279 Ruellia 1057 Graft Canker 231 Rugose Mosaic 1113 Leaf Curl 1054 Rumex (Garden Sorrel) 1057 Mildew 449, 452 Rumple 804 Mosaic 661, 1054 Russeting 1111 Rosette 661, 1054 Russian Spring Dwarf 1054 Knapweed (Acroptilon repens) 1057 Streak 661, 1054 Russian-Olive Yellow Mosaic 661, 1054 Silverberry (Elaeagnus) 1058 Rose-Gentian (Sabatia) 1055 Rust 432, 541, 553, 554, 558, 560, Rose-Of-Sharon, Shrub-Althaea (Hibis- 563Ð566, 568, 570, 875 cus syriacus) 1055 Rutabaga 1058 Roselle Rymovirus 74 (Hibiscus sabdariffa) 1054 Rosellinia 208, 524 Saccardia quercina 981 (Dematophora) necatrix 1060 Safflower caryae 902 (Carthamus) 1058 herpotrichioides 208, 837, 898, Sage (Salvia) (Includes Blue, Clary, 1083 Sauceleaf, Scarlet, Black Ornamen- necatrix 524, 721, 737, 884, 906, tal Forms) 1058 1039, 1126 Sage-Brush (Artemisia) 1059 Rosellinia sp. 1128 Saguaro Rosemary (Rosmarinus) 1055 Cactus Carmovirus 661 Rosette 432, 720, 737, 902, 977, 1008 Saguaro Cactus 769 Rosy Sainfoin (Onobrychis) 1059 canker 1025 Salal (Gaultheria shallon) 1060 Rot 124, 511 Salpiglossis (Painted-Tongue) 1060 Rot Root 206 Salsify Rotylenchulus 408 Black (Scorzonera) 1061 reniformis 408, 868, 921, 969, 1111 Salsify (Tragopogon) 1061 Rotylenchus 408 Salsify Leaf Blight 214, 215 blaberus 408, 1081 Salt Bush (Atriplex) 1061 brachyurus 807 Salt Injury 432 Index 1289

Saltgrass (Distichlis) 1062 907, 909, 940, 954, 962, 972, 981, Salvinia (Aquatic Fern) 1062 1006, 1008, 1014, 1024, 1032, Sanchezia 1062 1064, 1068, 1096, 1100, 1117, Sand Burn 1008 1131, 1137 Sand-Myrtle (Leiophyllum) 1062 Schizothyrium 357 Sand-Verbena (Abronia) 1062 gaultheriae 357, 869, 1139 Sandvine (Ampelanus) 1062 pevexiguum 287 Sandwort (Arenaria) 1063 pomi 140, 357 Sanguisorba (Burnet) 1063 Schizoxylon macrosporum 953 Sansevieria (Bowstring-Hemp, Snake Schrankia 1065 Plant) 1063 Scilla (Squill) 1065 Sapodilla (Achras) 1063 Scindapsus 1066 Sapwood Scleroderris 262 Rot 470, 492, 517, 528, 529 abieticola 262, 861 Wound Rot 529 lagerbergii 262, 1019, 1020 Sarcinella heterospora 966 lateritium 262 Sarcotrochilia balsameae 196 Sclerophoma Sassafras 1064 eustomonis 852 Satellivirus 74 pythiophila 197, 924 Saururus (Swamp-Lily, Water Dragon) Sclerophoma sp. 904 1064 Sclerophthora macrospora 283, 886 Sawadaea Scleropycnium 209 bicornis 954 aureum 209, 962 tulasnei 954 Sclerospora 282 Saxifrage (Saxifraga) 1064 farlowii 283, 886 Scab 485, 579, 580, 598 graminicola 283 Scabiosa 1065 Sclerotinia 262, 357, 524, 693 Scald 353, 432, 487, 488, 720, 949, (Whetzelinia) 209 985, 1005, 1034 borealis 888 Scaly Cap 492 bulborum 913, 918 Scarborough-Lily (Vallota) 1065 camelliae 211, 775 Schefflera homeocarpa color plate 10 (Brassaia actinophylla = Schefflera homoeocarpa 357, 525, 885, 886, actinophylla) 1065 888, 1003 Dwarf (Schefflera arboricola) 1065 intermedia 525, 745, 783, 787, 1061 Ringspot 1065 minor 211, 525, 693, 725, 742, 745, Ringspot Badnavirus 662 753, 768, 782, 783, 787, 795, 808, Schiffnerula pulchra 142 841, 846, 853, 899, 911, 934, 945, Schirrhia 208 979, 982, 1003, 1004, 1012, 1035, Schizonella 585 1070, 1074, 1078, 1104, 1112, Schizophyllum 524 1122, 1136 commune 524, 704, 709Ð711, 719, narcissicola 525, 975 721, 724, 726, 731, 748, 752, 772, polyblastis 211, 974 773, 785, 786, 805, 845, 884, 903, ricini 745 1290 Index

rolfsii 211, 852, 987, 1121 846Ð848, 851, 858, 864, 865, 875, sativa 1116 877, 879, 886, 890, 894, 899, 900, sclerotiorum 211, 262, 525, 526, 905, 912, 913, 915, 916, 918, 922, 706, 711, 717, 718, 721, 724, 934, 937Ð941, 943, 945, 946, 956, 726, 729, 732, 735, 737, 742, 745, 960, 966Ð968, 974, 985, 987, 991, 749, 750, 755, 758, 766, 768, 771, 994, 995, 997, 999, 1002Ð1004, 775, 776, 778, 779, 782Ð784, 787, 1009, 1011, 1013, 1016, 1018, 788, 795, 796, 800, 802, 804, 808, 1024, 1033, 1039, 1045, 1050, 811, 812, 815, 821, 822, 825, 827, 1052, 1055Ð1061, 1065, 1066, 829, 834, 840, 846, 847, 853, 858, 1069, 1070, 1074, 1078, 1086, 862Ð865, 867, 870, 872, 874, 875, 1089Ð1093, 1097, 1100, 1101, 877, 879, 883, 899, 905, 913, 934, 1103, 1104, 1106, 1108, 1110, 936, 938, 939, 945, 951, 956, 960, 1115, 1116, 1118, 1119, 1121, 962, 967, 973, 974, 983, 986, 996, 1122, 1125, 1127, 1130, 1133, 997, 999, 1000, 1003, 1004, 1006, 1135, 1138, 1143, 1144 1010, 1012, 1013, 1015, 1018, rolfsii var. delphinii 735, 1039 1024, 1029, 1035, 1038, 1040, Sclerotium sp. 828, 885, 920, 975, 1043, 1045, 1056, 1058, 1059, 1059, 1132, 1143 1061, 1065, 1067, 1069, 1074, Scoleconectria cucurbitula 255 1078, 1079, 1082, 1087, 1091, Scolecosporiella sisyrinchii 184 1093, 1097, 1098, 1101, 1106, Scolecosporium 1112, 1114, 1116, 1120, 1121, fagi 794 1128, 1134, 1144 Scolecotrichum 357 sclerotiorum = Whetzelinia sclerotio- graminis 358, 886 rum 1098 typhae 786 smilacina 875 Scopella sapotae 567, 1063 trifoliorum 527, 808, 820 Scorch 84, 300, 433, 790, 836, 910, Sclerotinia sp. 972, 998, 1035, 1045, 918, 937 1102, 1104, 1110, 1116 Scoria spongiosa 1094 Sclerotiniaceae 57 Scorias 595 Sclerotium 211, 527, 593 spongiosa 595, 710, 1023, 1128 bataticola 211, 942 spongospora 748 cepivorum 527, 986, 1069 Scribner’s Meadow Nematode 406 deciduum 725, 752, 855, 856 Scurf 576 delphinii 799, 829 Scutellonema 408 hydrophilum 211, 1136 blaberum 408 oryzae 211, 1136 brachyurum 409 rhizodes 211, 593, 888 brachyurus 707, 713 rolfsii 211, 527, 708, 713, 716, 718, bradys 409 729, 734, 736, 738, 744, 746, 748, christiei 409 750, 755, 765, 767, 770, 771, 774, Scytinostroma galactinum 471 776, 777, 779, 780, 782Ð785, 788, Sea-Grape 791, 795, 796, 800, 803, 812, 815, Dove-Plum (Coccoloba) 1066 821, 825Ð829, 833, 839, 841Ð843, Sea-Kale (Crambe) 1066 Index 1291

Seashore Paspalum (Paspalum) 1066 langoisii 948 Seaverinia 527 leprieurii 948 geranii 527, 872 mariani 1040, 1042, 1099 Sedum (Stonecrop) 1066 peckii 709 Seed 198 pilosum 951 Decay 520 pseudopedicellatum 263, 723, 775, Mold 353, 363 797, 844, 935, 951, 965, 1072, Smut 488 1099, 1118 Spotting 999 retiforme 792 Seed Pitting 744 sabal-minor 994 Seedling sabalis 994 Leaf Blight 326 sinuosum 826, 853, 1099 Root Rot 521 sydowii 892 Seedling Blight 88, 150, 159, 167, 174, tenui 948 179, 186, 208, 216 Septobasidium sp. 971 Seimatosporium Septobasidium spp. 731, 739, 747, arbuti 320 759, 803, 836, 858, 894, 902, 904, berckmansii 168 908, 909, 917, 953, 980, 1005, 1020, lichenicola 168 1118 Seinhorst Septocylindrium 358 Stubby Root Nematode 410 hydrophylli 358, 914 Seiridium (Coryneum) 232 ranunculi 1044 Seiridium cardinale 232 Septocylindrium sp. 1099 Seiridium unicorne 250 Septocyta ruberum 262 Selenophoma 358 Septogloeum 359 donacis 730, 740, 886 acerinum 359 donacis; Syn. Pseudoseptoria everhar- celtidis 892 tii 358 cercocarpi 971 everhartii 358, 886 convolvuli 773 obtusa 358, 886 defolians 980 Selenophoma spp. 987 hedysari 1103 Sempervivum (Houseleek) 1067 lupini 945 Senecio (Groundsel) 1067 maculans 1137 Septobasidiaceae 60 oxysporum 359, 886 Septobasidium 262 parasiticum 359, 844 alni 1099 profusum 844, 896 apiculatum 1099 querceum 980 burtii 263, 892, 1042, 1099 rhopaloideum 359 castaneum 263, 775 salicinum 1137 cokeri 747, 1040 salicis-fendlerianae 1137 conidiophorum 775 schizonoti 906 curtisii 263, 747, 850, 906, 1130 subnudum 1072 filiforme 709 variegatum 709 fumigatum 939 Septomyxa affine 1119 1292 Index

Septoria 212, 222, 300, 359 callistephi 359, 734 abortiva 968 calypsonis 988 aceris 759, 954 calystegiae 773 acetosella 989 campanulae 776 aegopodii 1103 canadensis 835 agrimoniae 708 cannabis 899 agrimoniae-eupatoriae 708 carthami 1058 agropyrina 222, 359, 886 caryae 902, 1007 alabamensis 785 cassiicola 784 alba 1071 ceanothi 786 albicans 1064 cephalanthi 766 albopunctata 756, 853 cercosperma 877, 894 allardii 765 chamaecisti 1098 alni 709 chelidonii 786 ampelina 883 chimaphilae 1023 anemones 716 chionanthi 866 angularis 734 chlorogali 775 angustifolia 971 chrysanthemella 359, 800, 827 antirrhinorum 957 chrysanthemi 814 apii 212 cirrhosa 1088 apii-graveolentis 212 cirsii 802, 1107 apiicola 212, 787 citri 360, 803 aquilegiae 810 citrulli 360 arabidis 724 clematidis 806 araliae 874 cocoina 992 argemones 1037 collinsiae 810 argyrea 842 consocia 963 artemisiae 1059 conspicua 943 asiminae 998 convolvuli 773, 968 asplenii 856 coptidis 881 atropurpurea 850 coreopsidis 812 azaleae 300, 738 cornicola 360, 836 baptisiae 741 corydalis 814 bataticola 359, 1101 corylina 896 betae 748 crataegi 894 betulae 752 cruciatae 867 betulicola 752 cucurbitacearum 360, 821, 960, blasdalei 763 1086 breviuscula 940 cunilae 834 brunellae 1039 cyclaminis 360 bumeliae 765 cylindrica 716 cacaliae 1067 cylindrospora 1140 cacticola 769 dalibardae 827 calamagrostidis 359, 887 darlingtoniae 773 Index 1293 darrowi 754, 832, 1046 hydrangeae 914 dearnessii 717 hydrophylli 914 delphinella 829 hypoxis 1089 dianthae 780 ilicifolia 904 dianthi 360, 833, 1103 increscens 1089 didyma 1137 infuscata 1047 diervillae 834 iresines 917 dimera 1070 jussiaeae 1134 divaricatae 360 krigiae 928 dracocephali 839 lactucae 361, 788, 934 elaeagni 842 lamii 969 eleospora 866 lanaria 852 elymi 222, 886 lavandulae 931 epilobii 847 Leaf Spot 360, 361 erigerontis 848 lepachydis 840 erigerontis var. boltoniae 758 leucanthemi 213, 800, 827, 1069 eriobotryae 944 liatridis 936 eryngicola 849 limonium 803 euonymi 850 linariae 939 eupatorii 851 liquidambaris 1099 eupatoriicola 851 lithospermi 941 exotica 896 littorea 835 expansa 872 lobeliae 941 farfaricola 810 loligena 361, 887 fici-indicae 770 lophanthi 707 flagellaris 773 ludwigiae 944 flagellifera 999 lupinicola 945 gaillardiae 867 lupulina 908 gaurina 869 lychnidis 946 gei 873 lychnidis var. pusilla 814 glabra 910 lycopersici 361, 841, 1110 gladioli 360, 876 lycopi 1132 glycines 360, 1079 lythrina 947 grindeliae 889 macropoda 222, 886 grindeliicola 889 maculifera 822 helenii 897 magnoliae 949 helianthi 729, 897, 1097 malvicola 905 heliopsidis 897 margaritaceae 715 hepaticae 899 mariae-wilsonii 1120 heucherae 901 menthae 964 hicoriae 902 menthicola 755 hieracicola 894 mentzeliae 961 hippocastani 910 mikanii 963 humuli 908 mimuli 964 1294 Index

mitellae 752 punicea 716 musiva 1070 pyri 817 myricae 1135 pyrolae 1040 myricata 1099 ravenelii 794 nabali 1037 rhapontici 1050 negundinis 759 rhododendri 1049 nepetae 785 rhoina 1073, 1096 noctiflorae 1076 rivinae 1056 nodorum 887 rosae 1052 noli-tangeris 915 rubi 361, 754, 832 obesa 359, 800 rudbeckiae 879, 1056 oedospora 1075 salicicola 1137 oenotherae 982 sambucina 843, 907 oleandrina 983 sanguinea 823 ornithogali 1089 scrophulariae 860 ostryae 908 scutellariae 1071 oudemansii 361, 887 secalis 887 pachysandrae 990 secalis var. stipae 362 pachyspora 900, 1037 sedi 1066 paeoniae 361, 1010 selenophomoides 987 pastinacae 997 senecionis 1067 penstemonis 1009 shepherdiae 764 peraphylli 1088 signalensis 1075 petroselini 996 silenes 1070 petrosellini 213 sitchensis 970 philadelphi 966 smilacinae 1077 phlogis 361 smilacis 1072 photiniae 1017 solitaria 738, 1049 phylctaenioides 807 sorbi 970 physostegiae 1018 spadicea 1019 pileae 730 speculariae 1080 pimpinellae 1105 spiculosa 1071 pisi 999 spraguei 362 pistaciarum 361, 1024 stachydis 1088 platanifolia 1025 stigma 1100 pleosporioides 1057 streptopidis 1095 polemonii 1030 symphoricarpi 1075, 1139 polemoniicola 1030 symploci 1100 polygalae 963 tageticola 362, 956 populicola 361, 1031 tecomae 1115 poseyi 961 tenella 362, 887 pruni 799, 1026 thalictri 958 pteleae 909 tradescantiae 1114 pulchella 947 trautveteriae 1114 Index 1295

trichostematis 757 Setosphaeria turcica 180 trillii 1115 Severe Cattleya Color-Break 987 triseti 887 Shallot (Allium ascalonicum; A. porrum, tritici var. lolicola 362, 887 Leek) 1069 ulmariae 958 Shamrock unedonis 1094 Chlorotic Ringspot 989 valerianae 1121 Chlorotic Ringspot Potyvirus 662 valerianellae 1122 Shasta Daisy (Leucanthemum x Super- verbasicola 973 bum) 1069 verbenae 1124 Shepherd’S Purse (Capsella) 1069 veronicae 822, 1125 Shining Willow (Salix lucida) 1070 vincae 1126 Shizophyllum commune 1002 violae 1127 Shoot and Leaf Gall 290 waldsteiniae 742 Shoot and Stem Blight 200 wistariae 1139 Shoot and Twig Blight 211 wyethiae 1140 Shoot Blight 175, 179, 182, 186, 198, xylostei 907 214, 378 ziziae 1144 Shoot Dieback 244, 257 Septoria sp. 739, 779, 815, 866, 874, Shoot Hole 316, 318 890, 912, 919, 927, 952, 1007, 1032, Shoot Hypertrophy 290 1044, 1055, 1062Ð1064 Short-Cycle Orange Rust 552 Septoria spp. 880, 965, 980, 1016, Shortened Internodes 1143 1137 Shortia (Oconee-bells) 1070 Septorium spraguei 1136 Shot Berry 433, 883 Septosphaeria maculans 778 Shot Hole 168, 169, 311, 317, 318 Septosporium Shrivel 896, 1131 heterosporum 883 Sickle Leaf 984 lindquistii 1097 Sida 1070 Septotinia 213 Silene (Catchfly, Cushion-Pink, Campion) podophyllina 213, 958 1070 populiperda 1031 Silk-Tassel Bush (Garrya) 1070 Sequivirus 74 Silky Thread Blight 207 Sequoia (Redwood and Giant Sequoia) Silphium (Compass Plant, Indian-Cup) 1067 1071 Seriocarpus (White-Topped Aster) Silver Leaf 528, 529 1068 Silver Scurf 579, 580, 804 Serrano Golden Mosaic 1012, 1113 Silver Spike Disease 483 Servazziella 213 Sirococcus 213 Servazziella longispora 169, 213 clavigignenti-juglandacearum 1130 Sesame conigenus 786 (Sesamum) 1068 strobilinus 214, 1020, 1083 Sesquicillium buxi 501 Sirosporium diffusum 314 Sesuvium 1068 Sirrococcus elavigignenti- Setaria glauca 885 juglandacearum 214 1296 Index

Sirula macrospora 1083 Snowdrop Skimmia 1071 (Galanthus) 1075 Skin Blanching 883 Snowmold 593 Skullcap (Scutellaria) 1071 SO3 956 Skunk Vine (Paederia foetide) 1072 Soapberry Skunk-Cabbage (Symplocarpus) 1071 Southern (Sapindus saponaria) 1075 Slenderflower Thistle (Carduus) 1072 Western (Sapindus drummondii) Slight Blight 318 1076 Slime Disease 115, 121 Soapwort (Saponaria) 1076 Small Brown Patch 525 Sobemovirus 74 Small Flower Galinsoga (Galinsoga parv- Society Garlic (Tulbaghia) 1076 iflora) 1072 Soft Nose 952, 984 Small Sclerotial Neck Rot 463 Soft Rot 107, 108, 114, 156, 491, Smelowskia 1072 503, 523 Smilax Soft Scald 720 Leaf Spot 313 Soggy Breakdown 720 Smilax (Greenbrier Cat-Brier) 1072 Soil Rot or Pox 529 Smithantha 1073 Solanum Yellows Luteovirus 662 Smithiana 1073 Solenia Smithiana Potex Virus 662 anomala 264 Smithiana Potexvirus 1073 ochracea 264, 709, 751, 902 Smog Injury 433 Solenia (Henningsomyces) 263 Smoke Injury 434 Solomons-Seal (Polygonatum) 1076 Smoke-Tree (Cotinus) 1073 Sonchus 1077 Smoke-Tree (Dalea) 1073 Yellow Net 934 Smooth Patch 224 Yellow Net Nucleorhabdovirus 662 Smooth-Headed Meadow Nema- tode 405 Soot Injury 434 Smother 216 Sooty Blotch of Fruit 219, 220 Smut 584, 588, 589 Sooty Mold 594, 595 Snakeweed (Polygonum) 1073 Sooty-Bark Canker 228 Snapdragon Sophora (Pagoda Tree, Silky Sophora, (Antirrhinum) 1073 Mescalbean) 1077 Anthracnose 86, 93 Sordaria sp. 756 Downy Mildew 277 Sordariaceae 55 Leaf Spot 349 Sorghum Rust 558 Chlorotic Spot 924 Snow Blight 196 Chlorotic Spot Furovirus 662 Snow-On-The-Mountain (Euphorbia halepense 885 marginata) 1075 Mosaic Potyvirus 662 Snowball Spot Anthracnose 601 Stunt Mosaic 814, 924 Snowberry Stunt Mosaic Nucleorhab- Anthracnose 601 dovirus 662 Snowberry (Symphoricarpos) 1074 Sorosphaera veronicae 1124 Index 1297

Sorosporium 585 Spearmint Rust 564 saponariae 585, 1070 Speckeled Tar Spot 356 syntherisme 888 Speckle 358, 1054 Sour Orange Scab 597 Speckled Leaf Blotch 222 Sour Rot 500 Specularia (Venus Looking-Glass) Sour Skin Rot 113, 114 1080 South Carolina Lettuce Disease Sphacele (Pitcher-Sage) 1081 128, 130 Sphacelia sp. 924 Southern Sphaceloma 600 Bacterial Wilt 115, 121 araliae 600, 725, 900 Bean Mosaic 745 cercocarpi 600, 971 Blight 190, 192, 211, 527 hederae 600, 920 Corn Leaf Blight 180 lippiae 600, 940 Corn Rust 564 menthae 600, 964 Fusiform Rust 541 morindae 600, 968 Root-Knob Nematode 403 murrayae 1138 Squash Mosaic 1087 murrayi 600 Southwestern Ponderosa Pine Dwarf oleandri 601, 984 Mistletoe 371 perseae 601, 737 Sowbane Mosaic 791 phaseoli 745 Sowbane Mosaic Sobemovirus 662 poinsettiae 601, 1029, 1085 Sowthistle Yellow Vein 1077 populi 1032 Sowthistle Yellow Vein Nucleorhab- psidii 601, 853 dovirus 663 punicae 601, 1030 Sowthistle, Annual (Sonchos oleraceus) ribis 601, 882 1077 Soy Bean Target Spot 319 spondiadis 601, 1083 Soybean symphoricarpi 601, 812, 1075 Cyst Nematode 397 viburni 601, 1126 Downy Mildew 278 violae 601, 995, 1128 Dwarf 1080 Sphaceloma sp. 751, 785, 843, 1049, Dwarf Luteovirus 663 1106 Mosaic 1080, 1095 Sphaceloma spp. 601 Mosaic Potyvirus 663 Sphacelotheca Pod 173 cruenta 586 Yellow Mosaic 663, 1080 reiliana 586, 814 Soybean (Glycine max) 1078 sorghi 586 Spanish Sphaerella applanata 806 Moss (Tillandsia) 1080 Sphaerellaceae 55 Sparassis radicata 838, 930, 1021, 1084 Sphaerellopsis filum 1114 Sparaxis Sphaeriaceae 55 (Wandflower) 1080 Sphaerioidaceae 63 Mosaic 663 Sphaerobolus stellatus 796 Spathiphyllum 1080 Sphaerognomonia carpinea 896, 909 1298 Index

Sphaeronema 409 pannosa var. rosae 452 pomorum 817 phytoptophila 452, 892 Sphaeronema sp. 409, 756, 790 Sphaerotheca sp. 452, 1018 Sphaerophragmium 568 Sphaerulina 362 acaciae 568, 932 polyspora 214, 989 Sphaeropsis 214, 264, 293 rubi 362 abietis 861 taxi 1142 albescens 953 taxicola 1142 asiminae 998 Sphenospora 567 Canker 258, 259, 264 kevorkianii 987 cruenta 950, 1072, 1076, 1077, mera 567, 987 1121 saphena 987 ellisii 1020, 1084 Spice-Bush (Lindera) 1081 hedericola 920 Spider-Lily (Hymenocallis) 1081 hyalina 241 Spiderling, Wine-Flower (Boerhaavia) pyriputrescens 719, 721, 816, 1006 1081 salviae 1059 Spike 1023 sambucina 843 Spilocaea sapinea 175, 214, 264, 1019 botryae 926 tumefaciens 264, 293, 779, 803, eriobotryae 944 1060 photinicola 574 ulmicola 264, 844 pomi 574 visci 965 pyracanthae 574 Sphaeropsis sp. 731, 836, 844, 939, Spilocaea (Fusicladium) 573 983, 990, 1093, 1142 Spinach Sphaerotheca 450 (Spinacea) 1081 castagnei 451 Anthracnose 87 dipsacearum 1106 Blight 663 fuliginea 451, 821, 1087 Downy Mildew 277 fusca 451, 890 Latent 1082 lanestris 451, 981 Latent Ilarvirus 663 macularis 451, 707, 708, 727, 751, Smut 584 752, 754, 764, 765, 802, 810, Yellow Dwarf 664, 1082 822, 829, 832, 843, 847, 848, 863, Spine Injury 904 867, 872, 873, 880, 881, 894, 901, Spiraea (Native Hardhack, Mead- 908, 914, 919, 957, 958, 964, 979, owsweet) 1082 990, 995, 1017, 1030, 1036, 1037, Spiral Nematode 408 1039, 1044, 1046, 1053, 1063, Spiranthes Mosaic 987 1064, 1067, 1083, 1088, 1093, Spirea 1096, 1106, 1107, 1125, 1128, Oriental Flowering (Spiraea) 1083 1140 Spiroplasma citri 133, 783, 911, 973, mors-uvae 451, 823, 881 985, 1069, 1138 pannosa 711, 723, 957, 976, 1018 Splanchrorema platani 249 pannosa var. persicae 451, 1001 Spondias (Mombin) 1083 Index 1299

Spondylocladium atrovirens 580, 1035 Cypress (Euphorbia cyparissias) Spongospora 574 1085 subterranea 574, 1035, 1112 Flowering (Euphorbia corollata) Spongy Root Rot 518 1085 Spongy Sap Rot 477, 478 Leafy (Euphorbia escula) 1085 Spongy Scab 574 Painted (Euphorbia heterophylla) Sporgospora 1085 subterranea f. sp. nasturtii 1131 Prostrate (Euphorbia supina) 1086 Sporidesmium 214 Spotted (Euphorbia maculata) 1086 maclurae 215 Spy Epinasty Decline 1006 Sporisorium 585 Squash cruentum 586 (Southern) Mosaic 664 holci-sorghi 586 Leaf Curl 1087, 1134 sorghi 586 Leaf Curl Bigeminivirus 664 Sporobolomycetaceae 63 Mosaic 960, 1087 Sporocybe rhois, Anamorph 233 Mosaic Comovirus 664 Sporodesmium Squash and Pumpkin (Cucurbita) 1086 Squash-Bush (Condalia) 1088 maclurae 988 Squaw-Apple (Peraphyllum) 1088 scorzonerae 215, 1061 St. Andrews Cross, St. Peterswort Sporonema 362 (Ascyrum) 1060 camelliae 363, 775 St. Augustine Decline Virus 889 oxycocci 817 St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum) Sporotrichum 1060 malorum 1006 St. Johnswort (Hypericum) 1060 Sporotrichum sp. 937, 1112 Stachybotrys Spot chartarum 1079 Anthracnose 597Ð600 Stachybotrys sp. 789 Spot Blotch 330, 332 Stachys (Betony, Hedgenettle, Wound- Spraing 1035 wort) 1088 Spraying 30 Stagonospora 301 Spring achlydis 1122 Beauty Latent 806 apocyni 835 Beauty Latent Bromovirus 664 atriplicis 1061 Dead Spot 887 baptisiae 741 Dwarf Nematode 386 cirsii 1107 Sprout Tubers 1035 curtisii 301, 713, 819, 850, 935, Spruce 946, 974, 977, 1065, 1081, 1090, Needle Cast 379 1143 Needle Rust 537, 538 foliicola 1050 Twig Blight 153 gigantea 789, 1143 Spruce (Picea) 1083 intermixta 886 Spurge petasitidis 1015 Caper (Euphorbia lathyris) 1085 phaseoli 744 1300 Index

smilacis 733, 1072 Stem Blight 153, 173, 179, 206, spinaciae 1082 216, 217 typhoidearum 786 Stem Break 913 Stagonospora sp. 725, 900 Stem Canker 102, 103, 172, 225, 230, Stagonosporopsis hortensis 307 240, 241, 244, 262, 267, 318, 349, Stain 985 361, 512, 522 Stalk Blight 163 Stem End Rot 186 Stalk Rot 87, 93, 485 Stem Gall 256, 292, 294 Staphylea (Bladdernut) 1088 Stem Lesion 152 Star-Of-Bethlehem (Ornithogalum) Stem Necrosis 114, 1035 1089 Stem Pitting 724, 793, 1001, 1002, Starbur, Bristly (Acanthospermum) 1027 1088 Stem Rot 113, 114, 349, 359, 456, 457, Starflower 483, 486, 489, 506, 509, 525Ð527 (Trientalis) 1088 Stem Rust 561 Stargrass Stem Spot 120, 305, 306, 330, 332Ð334 (Aletris) 1089 Stem Wilt 483 Golden (Hypoxis) 1089 Stem, Crown and Root Rot 520 Statice, Sea-Lavender (Limonium) Stem-End Browning 1035 1089 Stem-end Rot 311 Steccherinum 527 Stem-pitting 722 abietis 528 Stemphylium 215, 363 balloui 790 Blight 215 erinaceus 1025 bolickii 363, 840, 926, 1066 ochraceum 710, 825, 981, 1096, botryosum 363, 732, 744, 767, 985, 1100 1011, 1015, 1016, 1061, 1082, pulcherrimum 1100 1104, 1119 septentrionale 528, 903, 939, 954 botryosum f. sp. capsicum 1011 Steccherinum sp. 909 callistephi 363 Steccherinum spp. 752 congestum 721 Stegonsporium 264 cucurbitacearum 363, 821, 1086 Stegonsporium acerinum 953 elasticae 1056 Stegonsporium sp. 264 floridanum 780, 800, 826, 1111 Stegophora ulmea 329 floridanum f. sp. kalanchoe 926 Steiner’s Spiral Nematode 394 ilicis 818 Stem Leaf Spot 364 Anthracnose 89 lycopersici 364 Dieback 115 polymorphum 999 Stem and Branch Rot 152, 461 solani 364, 841, 890, 923, 1011, Stem and Bud Rot 108 1110 Stem and Bulb Nematode 392 vesicarium 215, 364, 732, 985 Stem and Foliage Blight 165 Stemphylium sp. 363, 715, 758, 787, Stem and Leaf Blight 179 863, 875, 882, 897, 996, 1003, 1058, Stem and Leaf Gall 292 1128 Index 1301

Stenanthium 1090 juniperina 924 Stenocarpella maydis 476 lautii 1083 Stenolobium (Florida Yellow-Trumpet) liquidambaris 365 1090 palmivorum 365 Stephanomeria (Wire-Lettuce) 1090 platani-racemosae 365 Stephanotis 1090 populi 1031 Stereum 528 thermopsidis 1107 albobadium 772 Stigmina (Stigmella) 364 bicolor 892 Stigmonose 434, 720, 1005 cinerescens 972 Stilbaceae 63 fasciatum 529 Stilbella acerina 954 hirsutum 529, 773, 850, 903, 941, Stillingia (Queens Delight) 1091 971, 1002, 1006, 1039 Sting Nematode 389 purpureum 529, 721, 724, 752, 793, Stinking Smut 586 937, 1002, 1006, 1027 Stippen 720 rameale 971 Stock sanguinolentum 529, 861, 930 Mosaic 664 taxodii 825 Stock (Matthiola) 1091 Stereum sp. 721 Stokesia (Stokes-Aster) 1092 Stereum spp. 710, 748, 752, 785, 794, Stone Plant (Lithops) 1092 838, 884, 904, 909, 930, 940, 949, Storage Rot 464, 497, 504 954, 981, 1021, 1068, 1100, 1119 Stranvaesia 1092 Sternbergia (Fall-Daffodil) 1090 Strapleaf 902 Sterum spp. 1025 Strawberry Stevia (Piqueria) 1091 Anthracnose 87 Stewart’s Disease 110, 111 Crinkle 1094 Sthughesia 143 Crinkle Cytorhabdovirus 664 juniperi 143 Downy Mildew 278 Stictidiaceae 57 Green Petal 133 Stictis araucariae 726 Latent Ringspot 964, 996 Stictochlorella lupini 945 Latent Ringspot Nepovirus 665 Stictopatella iridis 918 Latent Virus Rhabdovirus 665 Stigmatea Leaf Blight 172, 197, 198 geranii 872 Leaf Curl 665 rubicola 1046 Leaf Roll 665, 1094 Stigmatea (Stigmea) 364 Leaf Scorch 299 Stigmea Leaf Spot 341 geranii 364 Mild Crinkle 665 rubicola 364 Mild Yellow Edge 1094 Stigmella Mild Yellow Edge Chlorosis platani-racemosae 365, 1025 Potexvirus 665 vernoniae 919 Mild Yellow Edge Luteovirus 665 Stigmina Mottle 665, 1094 carpophila 169 Multiplier Disease 666, 1094 1302 Index

Necrotic Shock 1094 Strigula complanata 735, 923, 949, Necrotic Shock = Tobacco Streak 950, 954, 957, 981, 998, 1038, 1096, Ilarvirus 666 1128, 1135 Pallidosis 1094 Strigula elegans 735, 923, 949, 950, Pallidosis Virus 666 954, 957, 981, 998, 1038, 1096, Pallidosis = Cucurbit Yellows 1128, 1135 Crinovirus and Beet Pseudo- String Butt Rot 518 Yellows Closterovirus 666 String of Pearls 593 Phyllody Strawb PhF Phytoplas- Stripe Rust 566 ma 666 Stripe Smut 589, 591 Pseudo Mild Yellow Edge 1094 Stromatinia 530 gladioli 530, 819, 865, 876, 1115 Pseudo Mild Yellow Edge narcissi 530, 974 Carlavirus 666 smilacinae 1076, 1077 Red Stele Disease 511 Strophostyles (Wild Bean) 1095 Severe Crinkle 666 Strumella 264 Stunt 666 Canker 264, 265 Vein Banding 1094 coryneoidea 265, 794, 902, 908, Vein Necrosis 1094 953, 1118 Veinbanding Caulimovirus 667 coryneoides 747, 980 Witches’ Broom 667, 1094 Strumella sp. 939 Yellow Edge 667, 1094 Stump Rot 122 Yellows 667 Stunt 133, 398, 1029 Strawberry (Fragaria) 1092 Stunt and Leaf Yellowing 521 Strawberry Phyllody 1094 Stunting Disease 103 Strawberry-Tree (Arbutus unedo) 1094 Stylosanthes 1096 Strawflower (Helichrysum) 1095 Styrax (Snowbell) 1095 Streak 357, 358, 938 Subanguina radicicola 887 Streptanthera 1095 Suberranean Clover Red Leaf 808 Mosaic 667 Subterranean Clover Red Leaf Luteovirus 667 Streptobotrys arisaemae 163 Sugar Beet Streptocarpus 1095 Nematode 397 Streptomyces 529, 575 Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris) 1096 acidiscabies 575, 749, 783, 997, Sugarcane 1043, 1120 Bacilliform Badnavirus 668 ipomoea 529, 922, 969, 1102 Mosaic 889 scabies 575, 749, 783, 827, 997, Mosaic Virus 740 1035, 1043, 1120 Sugarcane Stylet Nematode 410 Streptomyces sp. 1035 Sulfur 24 Streptomycin (Nitrate or Sulfate) 27 Sulfur Dioxide Injury 1021 Streptopus (Twisted-Stalk) 1095 Sulfur Injury 434 Streptotinia arisaemae 921 Sumac (Rhus) 1096 Striga asiatica 814 Summer Dwarf Nematode 386 Index 1303

Sunburn 720, 859 Sweet-Flag (Acorus) 1099 Sunflower Sweet-Olive (Osmanthus fragrans) (Helianthus) 1096 1100 Mosaic 819, 1098, 1144 Sweet-Root (Osmorhiza) 1103 Mosaic Potyvirus 668 Sweetleaf (Symplocos) 1100 Rust 538, 563 Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) 1101 wilt 682 Swine Cress (Coronopus) 1104 Sunrose (Helianthemum) 1098 Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris var. cicla) Sunscald 300, 435, 720, 760, 1012, 1104 1049, 1111, 1131 Swiss Needle Cast 375 Sunstroke 436 Switchgrass (Panicum) 1104 Superficial Bark Canker 255 Sycamore 1104 Suture Spot 1001 Anthracnose 84 Swedish Ivy (Plectranthus australis) Sydowia 265 1098 dothideoides 242 Sweet polyspora 265, 861 Clover Latent 959 Syncarpella tumefaciens 1059 Clover Sweet Latent Nucleorhab- Synchytrium 293 dovirus 668 anemones 293, 716 Sweet Alyssum (Lobularia) 1098 anomalum 706, 973, 1044, 1057 Sweet Gale (Myrica gale) 1099 asari 874 Sweet Gum (Liquidambar) 1099 aureum 293, 705, 728, 807, 829, Sweet Pea and Perennial Pea (Lathyrus) 832, 873, 879, 943, 956, 1015, 1100 1037, 1044, 1056, 1067, 1088, Sweet Pea Streak 1101 1093, 1122, 1127, 1140 Sweet Potato cellulare 971, 1132 Black Rot 465 cinnamomeum 1044 Caulimovirus 668 edgertonii 833 Dry Rot 474 endobioticum 293, 1036, 1113 Feathery Mottle 969, 1102 erigerontis 848 Internal Cork 1102 fragariae 1093 Leaf Blight 199 fulgens 805, 869, 982 Leaf Spot 359 geranii 872 Mosaic 669, 1102 globosum 966, 1124 Russet Crack 1102 holwayi 966 Russet Crack Ð Strain of Sweetpotato impatientis 915 Feathery Mottle Potyvirus 669 innominatum 950 Scurf 579 lythrii 947 Stem Rot 481 marrubii 903 Sweet Vetch (Hedysarum) 1103 myosotidis 820 Sweet William (Dianthus barbatus) nigrescens 734 1103 papillatum 900 Sweet-Fern (Comptonia) 1098 sambuci 843 Sweet-Fern Blister Rust 540 smilacis 1072 1304 Index

stachydis 1088 farlowii 297, 792 taraxaci 846 faulliana 297, 855 vaccinii 294, 738, 756, 790, 807, filicina 297, 857 817, 912, 932, 971 flava 297, 752 Synchytrium sp. 294, 784, 1080 flavorubra 297 Syngonium 1105 flectans 297 Synthyris 1105 fusca 857 Systoria cyclaminis 824 gracilis 857 Systremma 215 insititiae 1026 acicola 215, 1019 japonica 297, 709 artemisiae 728 johansonii 1031 lutescens 857 Tabebuia (Trumpet-Tree) 1105 occidentalis 297, 709 Tabernaemontana (Crape-Jasmine) polystichi 855 1105 populi-salicis 1031, 1137 Taenidia 1105 populina 297, 1031 Tahitian Bridal Veil (Gibasis) 1105 pruni 296, 1026 Tamarind (Tamarindus) 1105 prunisubcordata 296 Tamarisk, Salt Cedar (Tamarix) 1106 purpurascens 1096 Tan Leaf Spot 344, 345 robinsoniana 297, 709 Tanacetum 1059 sacchari 297, 953 Tansy (Tanacetum) 1106 struthiopteridis 297 Taphrina 295 thomasii 297 aceris 295 ulmi 297, 844 aesculi 295, 910 virginica 908 alni 297 weisneri 297 amelanchieri 714 Taphrina spp. 295, 1026 americana 752 Taphrinales 52 aurea 1031 Taphrinia australis 295, 909 filicina 857 bartholomaei 953 higginsii 856 caerulescens 295, 980 hiratsukae 856, 857 californica 857 Tar Spot 320, 325, 336, 338, 347, 348, carnea 295, 752 353, 356, 376, 377, 379 carveri 953 Target Canker 1005 castanopsidis 295, 797 Tarjan’s Sneath Nematode 395 cerasi 792, 793 Tatter Leaf 799 communis 296, 1026 Tea (Thea sinensis) 1106 confusa 297, 799 Teasel coryli 296, 895 Mosaic Potyvirus 669 cystopteridis 854 Teasel (Dipsacus) 1106 darkeri 953 Teasel Mosaic 1106 dearnessii 953 Tebuconazole 24 deformans 296, 723, 976, 1001 Tellima 1106 Index 1305

Tenuivirus 74 Thiophanate Ternstroemia 1107 Methyl 24 Tesselate Stylet Nematode 410 Methyl Plus Etridiazole 24 Tetraconazole 24 Thiram 24 Tetylenchus 409 Thistle Texas Mistletoe 369 (Cirsium) 1107 Texas Root Rot 506, 508 Blessed (Cnicus) 1108 Texasweed (Caperonia) 1107 Creeping (Canada) (Cirsium arvense) Thalia 1107 1108 Thames’ Root-Knob Nematode 402 Ivory And Milk (Silybum) 1108 Thanatephonus Musk (Carduus thoermeri) 1108 cucumeris 194 Thlaspi 1108 Thanatephorus Thorn’s cucumeris 194, 501, 502, 748 Meadow Nematode 406 Needle Nematode 399 Thecaphora 586 Thoroughwax (Bupleurum) 1108 californica 890 Thread Blight 167, 193 Cuneata 890 Thujopsis (Hiba Arborvitae) 1108 cuneata 880 Thunbergia (Clockvine) 1108 deformans 488, 945 Thyme (Thymus) 1109 iresine 917 Thyronectria 265 pilulaeformis 1042 austro-americana 265, 906, 907 trailii 1107 balsamea 255, 265, 861 Thekopsora berolinensis 265, 823 minima 898 denigrata 907 Thelephora 216 Thytisma vaccinii 756 albido-brunnea 953 Ti (Cordyline terminalis) 1109 caryophyllea 930 Tibouchina (Glory-Bush) 1109 spiculosa 216 Tidestrominia 1109 terrestris 216, 838, 860, 1019, 1082, Tigridia 1083 Mosaic 669, 1109 Thelephoraceae 61 Tigridia (Tiger-Flower) 1109 Thermopsis (Bush-Pea, Golden-Pea) Tilletia 586 1107 buchloëana 586, 764, 888 Thiabendazole 24 caries 586 Thielaviopsis 530 euphorbiae 1085 basicola 530, 745, 750, 762, 785, foetida 586 795, 802, 804, 824, 828, 871, 875, fusca 888 911, 933, 937, 939, 945, 983, 985, maclaganii 1104 989, 995, 999, 1004, 1010, 1017, pallida 587, 888 1029, 1074, 1101, 1112, 1122, Tilletiaceae 59 1123, 1127, 1128, 1133 Timber Rot 492 paradoxa 789 Tip Blight 94, 171, 195, 199, 207, 496, Thielaviopsis sp. 866 1074 1306 Index

Tipburn 436, 737, 749, 768, 846, 934, Tobamovirus 74 1035 Tobravirus 74, 1010, 1017 Tirula nervisequa conspicuous 861 Tobravirus, Leaf Necrosis 912 Tithonia 1109 Togninia fraxinopennsylvanica Tobacco 731, 883 Broad Ring Spot 669 Tomatillo (Physalis ixocarpa) 1113 Cyst Nematode 397 Tomato Etch 1012, 1015, 1113, 1121, 1144 (Lycopersicon) 1109 Etch Potyvirus 670 Anthracnose 89, 93 Mild Green Mosaic 978 Aspermy 801, 1112 Mild Green Mosaic Aspermy Cucumovirus 672 Tobamovirus 670 Big Bud 672, 1110 Mosaic 705, 706, 722, 732, 736, Black Ring 1113 797, 798, 809, 843, 848, 865, 877, Black Ring Nepovirus 672 923, 928, 976, 978, 1012, 1015, Bushy Stunt 934, 1113 1049, 1080, 1095, 1112, 1121, Bushy Stunt Tombusvirus 673 1139 Chino La Paz 1113 Mosaic Tobamovirus 670 Chino La Paz Begomovirus 673 Mosaic Virus 731 Enation Mosaic 673 Necrosis 745, 934, 1038, 1116, Fernleaf 673 1121 Infectious Chlorosis 1113 Necrosis Necrovirus 671 Infectious Chlorosis Clos- Necrotic Ring Spot 955 terovirus 673 Rattle 716, 734, 742, 755, 872, 934 Leaf Curl 722, 1012 Rattle Tobravirus 671 Leaf Spot 364 Ring Spot 706, 745, 757, 822, 827, Mosaic 1113 836, 843, 864, 871, 882, 884, 922, Mosaic Tobamovirus 673 960, 964, 978, 983, 996, 1012, Mottle 1113 1015, 1036, 1046, 1071, 1080, Pseudo Curly Top 1113 1087, 1102, 1121, 1134 Pseudo Curly Top Hybrigemi- Ring Spot Nepovirus 671 nivirus 673 Ring Spot Virus 731, 736 Ring Mosaic 1112 Ringspot 732, 735, 834, 915 Ring Spot 793, 871, 876, 884, 1002, Stread 973 1046, 1112, 1121 Streak 754, 765, 846, 852, 908, 934, Ring Spot Nepovirus 674 963, 1043, 1080, 1094, 1113 Ringspot 722, 764, 795, 827, 835, Streak Ilarvirus 671 846, 899, 959, 973, 989, 1026, Vein Mottling Potyvirus 672 1036, 1039, 1057, 1094 Vein-Banding Mosaic 978 Severe Leaf Curl Begomovirus 1113 Vein-Mottling 978 Spotted Wilt 706, 713, 729, 734, Veinnal Necrosis 1036 735, 738, 741, 742, 750, 755, Wildfire 119 761, 763, 766, 768Ð772, 774, Yellow Net 978 776, 782, 788, 789, 795, 801, 802, Yellow Net Luteovirus 672 811, 815, 827, 828, 830, 831, 839, Index 1307

842, 845Ð847, 850, 852, 854, 863, Trabutia ficuum 1056 865Ð867, 871, 877, 878, 880, 884, Trabutiella filicina 855 890, 902, 911, 912, 914, 915, 922, Tradescantia Ð Zebrina Potyvirus 676 923, 929, 932, 934, 940, 942, 945, Tradescantia (Wandering Jew, Spider- 959, 964, 966, 969, 975, 977, 978, wort) 1114 987, 989, 1000, 1004, 1012, 1015, Tradescantia zebrina 1114 1018, 1023, 1030, 1032, 1033, Tradescantia/Zebrinia Mosaic 811 1036, 1038, 1039, 1043, 1045, Trametes 531 1051, 1057, 1059, 1066, 1067, hispida 724, 773 1069, 1080, 1082, 1088, 1090, hydnoides 805 1091, 1095, 1098, 1101, 1112Ð isabellina 790, 916 1114, 1120, 1124, 1125, 1129, mollis 909, 940 1134, 1144 pini 478 Spotted Wilt Ð Impatiens rigida 903, 1119 Serotype 852 sepium 785, 948, 1064 Spotted Wilt Ð Lettuce Serotype 995 suaveolens 531, 1137 Spotted Wilt lettuce serotype 708 versicolor 517 Spotted Wilt Tospovirus 674 Trametes spp. 721, 726, 731, 838, Spotted Wilt-Impatiens Serotype 1021, 1068 865, 872, 876, 1017, 1127 Tranzschelia 568 Spotted Wilt-Lettuce Serotype 870, cohaesa 716 1109 discolor 568, 711, 716, 724, 793, Streak 1113 1002, 1027 Streak Double Streak 675 fusca 716 Top Necrosis 1113 pruni 724 Top Necrosis Neopvirus 675 pruni-spinosae 716, 799, 899, 958, Western Yellow Blight 675 1027 Yellow Leaf Curl Begomovirus 675, pruni-spinosae var. typica 568 1113 suffusca 716 Yellow Net 1113 thalictri 958 Yellow Net = Tobacco Yellow Net tucsonensis 716 Luteovirus 675 viornae 806 Yellow Top 1113 Trautvetteria (False Bugbane) 1114 Yellow Top = Strain of Potato Leafroll Trechispora 285 Luteovirus 675 alnicola 285, 887 Tombusvirus 74, 945 Tree-Poppy (Dendromecon) 1114 Top Rot 489 Tree-Tomato (Cyphomandra) 1114 Topple 436, 875, 1116 Trefoil, Birdsfoot (Lotus) 1114 Torenia 1113 Trembling fungi 60 Torreya 1113 Triadimefon 25 Torula 374 Triadimenol 25 herbarum 962 Triazophos 28 maculans 374, 1143 Trichaptum abietinum 517 Tospovirus 74 Trichocomaceae 53 1308 Index

Trichoderma 531 Tsw-Impatiens Serotype 1098 harzianum 25, 531, 721 Tubackia (Pirostoma) 352 viride 531, 960, 975, 1004 Tubakia dryina 303, 336, 352, 777, Trichoderma sp. 1079 784, 1025 Trichoderma spp. 1102 Tuber Rot 107, 483 Trichodorus Tuberaceae 57 christiei 736, 744, 749, 767, 1003, Tubercularia 266 1087, 1093 nigricans 967 obtusus 410 ulmea 266, 842, 906 primitivus 410, 738, 963 Tubercularia sp. 948 Trichodorus and Paratrichodorus 409 Tuberose (Polianthes) 1116 Trichodorus sp. 760, 791, 1008 Tuburcinia Trichodorus spp. 1053 clintoniae 1095 Trichodothis comata 948 trientalis 1089 Trichothecium 266, 532 trienthalus 587 roseum 266, 532, 782, 855, 859, Tulare 960, 976, 1001, 1006, 1008, 1027, Apple Mosaic 722 1035, 1052, 1087, 1112 Apple Mosaic Ilarvirus 604, 676 viride 804 Tulip Trichothyriaceae 54 (Tulipa) 1116 Trichovirus 74 Anthracnose 90 Tricothecium roseum 721, 787 Basal Rot 481 Tricyclazole 25 Breaking 1116 Tridemorph 25 Breaking Mosaic 938 Trifloxystrobin 25 Breaking Potyvirus 676 Triflumizole 25 Fire 161 Triforine 25 Tulip-Tree Trillium (Wake-Robin) 1114 Leaf Spot 342 Triphenyltin Hydroxide 25 Yellow Poplar (Liriodendron) 1117 Triphragmium 568 Tung Tree (Aleurites) 1118 ulmariae 568, 958 Tupelo Tritonia Leaf Spot 342, 352 Mosaic 676 Sour Gum, Black Gum (Nyssa) Tritonia (Montbretia) 1115 1118 Trollius (Globeflower) 1115 Tupidanthus 1119 Tropical Soda Apple (Solanum viarum) Turnip 1115 (Brassica rapa) 1119 Trumpetvine Anthracnose 87 Leaf Blight 165 Mosaic 768, 796, 911, 915, 973, Trumpetvine, Trumpet-Creeper (Campsis) 1050, 1058, 1090, 1091, 1120, 1115 1121 Trunk Canker 226, 252 Mosaic Potyvirus 676 Tryblidiella 216 Mosaic Virus 1000 rufula 216, 803 Turpentine Tree (Syncarpia) 1120 Index 1309

Turtle-Head (Chelone) 1120 Udo (Aralia cordata) 1120 Twig Ulocladium 365 and Branch Canker 233, 267 cucurbitae 365, 821 and Needle Blight 197 Umbravirus 75 Blight 84, 167Ð170, 176, 179, 182, Umbrella-Pine (Sciadopitys) 1120 183, 186, 188, 195, 197Ð199, 201, Umbrellawort (Oxybaphus) 1121 214, 216, 225, 237, 257, 261, 266, Uncinula 452 267, 317, 318, 327, 359, 497 adunca 454 circinata 452, 731, 759, 954, 1076 Canker 225, 232, 239Ð241, 243, clintonii 452, 939, 998 244, 251, 261 flexuosa 452, 910 Dieback 265, 321 geniculata 972 Tylenchorhynchus 410 macrospora 452, 845, 892, 908 annulatus 410 necator 452, 715, 884, 920, 1128 brevidus 410, 887 parvula 453, 892 capitatus 410, 1012 polychaeta 453, 892 claytoni 410, 738, 744, 887, 1003, prosopidis 453 1012, 1102 prosopodis 962 dubius 410, 887 salicis 453, 1031, 1137 martini 410 Uncinula sp. 826, 880 maximus 410 Uncinuliella Tylenchorhynchus sp. 954 australiana 453, 818 flexuosa 453 Tylenchorhynchus spp. 1053 Unicorn-Plant, Proboscis-Flower (Pro- Tylenchulidae sp. 399 boscidea) 1121 Tylenchulus 411 Uraecium holwayi 898 semipenetrans 411, 771, 805, 883, Uredinopsis 568 929, 936, 949, 984, 1014 arthurii 858 Tylenchus 411 aspera 855 balsamophilus 1097, 1140 atkinsonii 858 marginatus 1084 ceratophora 854 semipenetrans 803 copelandii 856 Tymovirus 75, 1124 glabra 854 Tympanis 266 longimucronata 856 confusa 266, 1020 longimucronata f. sp. acrosti- Tympanis sp. 756 choides 856 longimucronata f. sp. cyclosora 856 Typhula 593 macrosperma 855 Blight 593 mirabilis 857, 861 idahoensis 593, 888 osmundae 568, 856, 861 incarnata 593 phegopteridis 569, 858, 861 itoana 888 pteridis 569 variabilis 787 struthiopteridis 569, 856, 861 Typhula sp. 783 virginiana 855 1310 Index

Uredo 569 violae 1128 arida 761 waldsteiniae 742 artocarpi 569, 730 Urocystis waldsteiniae 873 behnickiana 987 Uromyces 569 cephalanthi 767 acuminatus 943 coccolobae 569, 808 acuminatus var. magnatus 950, contraria 772 1076, 1077, 1121 epidendri 987 acuminatus var. polemonii 810, ericae 569 1017, 1030 floridana 961 acuminatus var. steironematis 835 fuchsiae 866 affinis 1089 goodyerae 988 amoenus 715 guacae 987 andropogonis 995, 1128 guaunabensis 1134 apiosporus 1038 hameliae 893 appendiculatus 569 ignava 740 appendiculatus var. appendiculatus 570, 745 laeticolor 969 ari-triphylli 570, 728, 921 nigropuncta 987 armeriae 727 phoradendri 569, 965 asclepiadis 730, 766, 1127 sapotae 567 aureus 798 sphacelicola 1081 betae 570, 749, 1104 uviferae 808 bidenticola 751 Uredo sp. 964 brodiaeae 762 Urocystis 587 ciceris-arietini 570, 795 agropyri 588, 888 claytoniae 806 anemones 588, 716, 899, 1045, colutea 755 1057, 1114, 1115 commelinae 1114 carcinodes 588, 740, 806, 967 compactus 735, 758 cepulae 798, 986, 1069 costaricensis 570, 740 colchici 588, 736, 775, 986, 1076, dactylidis 888, 1045 1077 dianthi 570, 780, 833, 1103 erythronii 849 euphorbiae 1029, 1075, 1085 flowersii 1143 fabae 570, 999 gladiolicola 588, 876 galii-californici 570, 868 hypoxis 1089 genistae-tinctoriae 870 kmetiana 588, 995, 1125 gentianae 870 lithophragmae 901, 941 geranii 872 magica 588 graminicola 1091 sorosporioides 716, 811, 829, halstedii 1115 958, 967 hedysari-obscuri 1103 trientalus 587 heterodermus 849 trillii 1115 holwayi 938 tritici 588 hordeinus 979 Index 1311

houstoniatus 757, 912 Uropyxis 570 hyalinus 1077 amorphae 714, 917 inaequialtus 1063 daleae var. eysenhardtiae 570 indigoferae 916 eysenhardtiae 570 jonesii 1045 petalostemonis 1014 junci 727, 729, 735, 802, 848, 890, Ustilaginaceae 59 1097, 1107 Ustilaginoidea virens 814, 1051 limonii 1090 Ustilago 589 lupini 945 avenae 589 lycoctoni 967 buchloes 589, 888 miurae 866 bullata 589 mysticus 888 claytoniae 967 necopinus 1089 coicis 923 oblongisporus 1059 cynodontis 888 occidentalis 945 esculenta 589, 1136 peckianus 912 gayophyti 891 perigynius 879, 880, 1047, 1056 heufleri 589, 849 phaseoli 745, 746 hordei 589 phaseoli var. typica 745 kolleri 589 plumbarius 870, 982 maydis 589, 814 primaverilis 979 mulfordiana 591 Probus 757 oxalidis 989 punctatus 570, 735 penniseti 1009 rudbeckiae 879, 1056 shiraiana 740 ruelliae 1057 speculariae 1080 scirpi 783 striiformis 591, 888 shearianus 1062 tritici 591 silenes 1070 vaillantii 885, 1066 silphii 1071, 1097 vinosa 972 solidaginis 880 violacea 591, 946, 1063, 1070 sparganii 1099 Ustulina 532 speciosus 811 deusta 532, 748, 904 striatus 959 vulgaris 845, 939, 954 suksdorfii 946, 1070 Uvularia (Bellwort, Merry-Bells) 1121 transversalis 876 trifolii 570 Valerian triquetrus 1060 Garden Heliotrope (Valeriana) 1121 unitus 935 Red, Jupiters-Beard (Centranthus) verruculosus 946 1122 zygadeni 1143 Valerianella (Corn-Salad or Lamb’s Let- Uromyces sp. 570, 1114 tuce) 1122 Urophlyctis Valsa 266, 532 pluriannulata 1103, 1144 ambiens 998 pulposa 1061 ambiens subsp. leucostomoides 532 1312 Index

cincta 267, 1000 Verbena (Nemisia diascia) 1124 kunzei 267, 930 Verbena, Garden (Verbena hortensis) leucosomoides 954 1123 leucostoma 267, 723, 792, 816, 969, Verbesina (Crownbeard) 1124 976, 1000, 1004, 1041 Vermicularia 267 nivea 1031, 1137 capsici 921 salicina 267, 988, 1137 coptina 881 sordida 267, 1137 ipomoearum 267, 968 Valsa kunzei 861 podophylli 958 Valsa leucostoma 1026 polytricha 921 Valsa spp. 1137 sparsipila 1032 Valsaceae 56 Veronica (Speedwell) 1124 Vancouveria 1122 Verrucosis 597 Vanda Ring Spot 987 Verticicladiella Vanilla 1122 abietina 533, 1021 Vanilla-Leaf (Achlys) 1122 penicillata 533, 1021 Varicosavirus 75 procera 1021 Variegation 436, 744, 760, 829, 1025, wagenerii 838, 861, 1021 1039, 1093 Verticillium 693 Vein Mosaic 1000 albo-atrum 693, 704, 709, 711, 722, Velvet Bean (Stizolobium) 1122 724Ð726, 731, 735Ð737, 741, 749, Venturia 576 750, 754, 760, 771, 773, 776, 781, acerina 954 785, 786, 788, 789, 794, 795, 797, arctostaphyli 715, 790, 869, 1139 801, 802, 805, 812, 822, 827, 830, cerasi 576, 723 833, 842, 843, 845, 848, 849, 865, chlorospora 573 867, 871, 875, 898, 906, 908, 910, circinans 872 911, 915, 923, 931, 936, 940, 942, compacta 817 949, 952, 955, 956, 961, 962, 967, crataegi 895 983, 984, 1002, 1010, 1012, 1014, dickei 940 1015, 1017, 1024, 1025, 1027, inaequalis 576, 722, 817, 895, 970, 1030, 1032, 1033, 1036, 1046, color plate 12 1047, 1054, 1057, 1058, 1061, orbicula 980 1067, 1068, 1073, 1074, 1087, pirina 1041 1091, 1094Ð1096, 1098, 1102, populina 1030 1113, 1120, 1126, 1127, 1134, pyrina 578, 1006 1142 rhododendri 1049 albo-atrum f. sp. menthae 964 tremulae 1030 buxi 760 Venturia sp. 815 dahliae 697, 704, 707, 709, 717, Venus’S Flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) 729, 731, 768, 802, 840, 890, 911, 1123 915, 935, 956, 1011, 1034, 1047, Veratrum (False-Hellebore) 1123 1091, 1098, 1121 Verbascum 1123 fungicola 697, 973, 990 Verbena (Native Species) 1123 Wilt 693 Index 1313

Verticillium sp. 734, 756, 809, 823, pachysandrae 217, 990 836, 842, 879, 903, 988, 1004, 1047, phlogina 1016 1082, 1101 vanillae 1122 Vesiculomyces citrinus 471 vincae 1126 Vetch (Vicia) 1125 Volutella sp. 829, 921 Viburnum 1125 Downy Mildew 281 Wahlenbergia (Southern Rockbell) Vidalia Sweet Onion (Allium) 1126 1129 Vinca (Periwinkle, Ground-Myrtle) Waikavirus 75 1126 Wallflower Vincetoxicum (Milkvine) 1127 (Cheiranthus) 1129 Vinclozolin 25 Western (Erysimum) 1129 Violet Walnut (Viola odorata and Native Species) Anthracnose 95 1127 Blight 126, 129 Root Rot 489, 521 Brooming Disease 677 Scab 601 Canker 250 Vipers-Bugloss (Echium) 1128 Meadow Nematode 406 Virescence 133, 1042 Ring Spot 307 Virgella robusta 378 Toxicity 1049 Virginia Wilt 1111 Creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) Walnut (Juglans) (Includes Butternut, 1128 Black, English, and Japanese Wal- Creeper Soft Anthracnose 598 nuts) 1130 Virginia Crab Stem Pitting and Brownline Water Deficiency 436 1006 Water Shield (Brasenia) 1134 Virocides 11 Water-Core 720 Viroids 75 Water-Cress (Nasturtium officinale) Virus Complex 884 1131 Virus epidemic 933 Water-Elm (Planera) 1132 Viruses 68, 1163 Water-Horehound (Lycopus) 1132 Viscum (True Mistletoe) 369 Water-Hyacinths (Eichhornia) 1132 Viscum album 370, 709, 720, 731, 752, Water-Lily (Nymphaea) 1132 817, 845, 895, 902, 910, 942, 954, Water-Lily, Yellow Pondlily (Nuphar) 970, 1005, 1014, 1027, 1031, 1040, 1132 1137 Water-Primrose (Jussiaea) 1134 Vitex (Chaste-Tree) 1129 Watermelon Volutella 216, 267 (Citrullus) 1133 albido-pila 987 Curly Mottle 1134 Blight 267 Curly Mottle Bigeminivirus 677 buxi 217, 267, 760 Leaf Spot 360 dianthi 1103 Mosaic 960, 961, 1087, 1121, 1134 diaphana 878 Mosaic Potyvirus 677 mellea 994 Silver Mottle Tospovirus 677 1314 Index

Stunt 1134 Heart Rot 490, 532 Wilt 690 Leaf Spot 354 Watery Fruit Rot 500 Line Mosaic 678 Watery Leak 519 Mold 339, 374 Watery Soft Rot 526 Mold Rot 526 Watsonia 1134 Mottle Rot 485 Wax-Myrtle, Candleberry (Myrica cer- Mottled Heart Rot 517 ifera) 1134 Mottled Rot 477Ð479 Web Blight 167, 192, 194, 522 Mottled Wound Rot 473 Web Blotch 221 Pine Blister Rust 541 Weed-Killer Injury 436, 1053 Pocket Rot 515Ð517 Weigela 1135 Root Rot 471, 515, 524 West Rot 470, 472, 518, 527 African Spiral Nematode 408 Rust 563, 679, 680 Western Aster Yellows 757, 761 Sapwood Rot 469, 515, 516 Western Aster Yellows Phytoplasma Seed 1118 1132 Smut 584 Western Cucumber Mosaic 995 Spongy Heart Rot 515, 516 Western Dwarf Mistletoe 370 Spongy Rot 477Ð479, 528 Western Gall Rust 540, 541, 544, 545 Spot 310, 314 Western Maple Leaf Blister 295 Streak 975 Western X-Disease 799 Tip Blight 211 Western Yellow Blight 1112 Trunk Rot 478 Western Yellow Rust 557 Wood Rot 531 Wet Scale Rot 527 Whortleberry, Bilberry (Vaccinium spp.) Wetwood 109, 1118 1135 Wheat Wild Nematode 386 Cucumber Mosaic 955 Streak Mosaic 814, 1136 Cucumber Mosaic Tymovirus 678 Streak Mosaic Rymovirus 677 Garlic (Allium vineale); Wild Mustard Wheat (Triticum) 1135 (Brassica kaber) 1136 Whetzelinia sclerotiorum 706, 850, Rice (Zizania) 1136 1072 Wildrye (Elymus) 1136 Whip-tail 768 Willow Whipplea 1135 Black Canker 258, 259 Whiskers, Leak 523 Leaf Spot 321 White Powdery Mildew 453, 454 Blight 374 Scab 573 Blister 679 Willow (Salix) (Includes Weeping Wil- Break 876 low, Pussy Willow) 1136 Butt Rot 471 Wilt 108, 122, 243, 262, 265, 457, 468, Clover Mosaic 808 483, 484, 512, 526, 527, 687Ð689, Clover Mosaic Potexvirus 677 691Ð693, 804, 1063 Flaky Sapwood Rot 514 Wind Scab 1027 Index 1315

Wind Whip 744 begoniae 122, 750 Wineberry Latent 754 campestris 122, 123, 709, 725, 729, Wineberry Latent Virus 678 733, 736, 752, 767, 785, 796, 913, Winged Bean (Psophocarpus 931, 985, 1042, 1044, 1081, 1105, tetragonolobus) 1138 1119 Winter Blight 168, 169 campestris pv. armoraciae 767, 911, Winter Cress (Barbarea) 1138 1043 Winter Injury 438, 920 campestris pv. asclepiadis 123, 766 Winterberry (Ilex verticillata) 1138 campestris pv. barbareae 123 Wintergreen, Checkerberry (Gaultheria campestris pv. begoniae 123 procumbens) 1138 campestris pv. campestris 864 Wintergreen, Waxflower 1139 campestris pv. carotae 123, 813 Wire-stem 303 campestris pv. citri 123, 803 Wisconsin Pea Streak 1000 campestris pv. corylina 124 Wisteria campestris pv. cucurbitae 124 Leaf Spot 351 campestris pv. cyamopsidis Mosaic 678 124, 891 Vein Mosaic 1139 campestris pv. dieffenbachiae 124, Vein Mosaic Potyvirus 678 718, 809 Wisteria (Wistaria) 1139 campestris pv. fici 756 Witch-Hazel campestris pv. fragariae 124 (Hamamelis) 1139 campestris pv. glycines 124 Leaf Spot 350 campestris pv. gummisudans 125 Witches’ Broom 130, 133, 139, 290, campestris pv. hederae 125 339, 377, 549, 937, 942, 1010, 1113 campestris pv. hyacinthi 125 Witches’ Broom Disease 836 campestris pv. incanae 125 Witches’ Broom Rust 548, 551 campestris pv. juglandis 126 Withertip 87, 90Ð92 campestris pv. malvacearum Wolfberry (Symphoricarpos occidentalis) 126, 901 1139 campestris pv. maniotis 756 Wolfiporia cocos 518, 930 campestris pv. oryzae 126 Wood Rose (Rosa gymnocarpa, R. cali- campestris pv. papavericola 126 fornica) 1140 campestris pv. pelargonii 126, 127 Wood Rot 474, 491, 514, 529 campestris pv. phaseoli 127 Wood-Betony, Lousewort (Pedicularis) campestris pv. pruni 127 1140 campestris pv. raphani 128 Woodrush (Luzula) 1140 campestris pv. vesicatoria 128 Wound Rot 461, 524 campestris pv. vignicola 128 Wyethia 1140 campestris pv. vitians 128, 933, 1110 Xanthomonas 122 campestris pv. zinniae 128, 1144 albilineans 122 campestris var. fragariae 1092 axonopodis 122, 707, 985 carotae 128, 782 barbareae 1138 compestris 973 1316 Index

corylina 128, 895 diversicaudatum 412, 1052, 1093 cucurbitae 129, 821, 1086 index 412, 715, 859, 883, 920, 967, dieffenbachiae 129, 796, 1105 1024 fragariae 1092 krugi 1052 geranii 872 pacificum 1001 glycines 129, 1078 radicicola 412 gummisudans 129, 875 Xiphinema sp. 723, 954 hederae 129, 920 Xylaria 533 hyacinthi 129, 913 apiculata 1035 incanae 129, 1091 digitata 895 juglandis 129, 1130 hypoxylon 533, 881, 895 maculifolium-gardeniae 868 longeana 874 nigromaculans 130 mali 533, 721, 907, 1006 nigromaculans f. sp. zinniae 1144 multiplex 843 oryzae 129, 780 polymorpha 533, 893 papavericola 129, 773, 1032 Xylaria sp. 1006, 1046 pelargonii 129, 871 Xylaria spp. 793, 845 phaseoli 129, 743, 746, 911 Xylariaceae 56 poinsetriaecola 1029 Xylella fastidiosa 130, 844, 953, 972, pruni 129, 711, 712, 723, 791, 793, 980, 983, 1007, 1099 794, 798, 976, 1000, 1026 Xylem limited Rickettsialike 1025 ricinicola 784 Xylem limiting bacteria 972 solanacearum 901 translucens pv. cerealis 885 Yam translucens pv. poae 885 Cinnamon-Vine (Dioscorea) 1141 translucens pv. undulosa 733 Nematode 409 vesicatoria 130, 1011, 1110 Yarrow (Achillea) 1141 vesicatoria pv. raphani 1043, 1119 Yaupon (Ilex vomitoria) 1141 vesicatoria var. raphani 130 Yeast Spot 498 vignicola 130 Yellow 297 vitians 130, 934, 1011, 1105 Bean Mosaic 876 Xanthomonas sp. 883 Flaky Heart Rot 477, 479 Xanthosma 1140 Gum Disease 101, 103 Xenodochus Leaf Blister 297 carbonarius 765, 1063 Leaf Rust 560, 564 minor 765, 1063 Leaf Spot 289, 738 Xerophyllum (Turkeybeard) 1141 Mottle 983 Xiphinema 411 Mottle Begomovirus 678 americanum 411, 731, 736, 756, Net 1104 760, 836, 845, 871, 887, 981, Rust 552 1001, 1008, 1020, 1031, 1052, Spotting 780 1084, 1093, 1111, 1126 Strapleaf 800 bakeri 412, 1068 Witches’ Broom Rust 554 chambersi 412, 1093 Yellow-Root (Xanthorhiza) 1141 Index 1317

Yellowing 133, 1079 Zinc Deficiency 438 Yellows 133, 438, 482, 687, 689, 851, Zineb 25 1064, 1082, 1090 Zinnia 1144 Yellowwood (Cladastris) 1141 Blight 153 Yerba Buena (Micromeria) 1142 Ziram 25 Yerba Santa (Eriodictyon) 1142 Zizia (Meadow Parsnip) 1144 Yew (Taxus) 1142 Zonate Leaf Spot 180, 306, 320, Yucca 331, 332 Leaf Blight 184 Zonate Ring Spot 755, 807 Leaf Spot 344 Zoysia Yucca (Adams-Needle, Joshua-Tree, Spine Nematode 390 Spanish Bayonet) 1142 Zoysia (Japanese Lawn Grass) 1145 Zucchini Zamia (Coontie) 1143 Yellow Mosaic 822, 960, 1087, Zauschneria (Fire-Chalice, California 1134 Fuchsia) 1143 Yellow Mosaic Potyvirus 678 Zebra Zygocactus Plant (Aphelandra) 1143 Montana X 799 Zephyranthes (Atamasco-Lily, Zephyr- Montana X Potexvirus 678 Lily) 1143 Zygomycota 50 Zigadenus 1143 Zygophiala 222, 286 Zimmerman’s Spiral Nematode 394 jamaicensis 222, 286, 780, 1028