DOCSLIB.ORG

Muslims, Hindus, and Sikhs in the New Religious Landscape of England Author(S): Ceri Peach and Richard Gale Reviewed Work(S): Source: Geographical Review, Vol

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Muslims, Hindus, and Sikhs in the New Religious Landscape of England Author(S): Ceri Peach and Richard Gale Reviewed Work(S): Source: Geographical Review, Vol American Geographical Society Muslims, Hindus, and Sikhs in the New Religious Landscape of England Author(s): Ceri Peach and Richard Gale Reviewed work(s): Source: Geographical Review, Vol. 93, No. 4 (Oct., 2003), pp. 469-490 Published by: American Geographical Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/30033938 . Accessed: 08/11/2012 16:34 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. American Geographical Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Geographical Review. http://www.jstor.org MUSLIMS,HINDUS, AND SIKHSIN THE NEW RELIGIOUSLANDSCAPE OF ENGLAND* CERI PEACH and RICHARD GALE ABSTRACT. This article examines the dramatic changes brought to English townscapesby Islam, Hinduism, and Sikhism.These "new"religions have arrivedwith the large-scaleim- migration and subsequentnatural growth of the minority ethnic populations of GreatBrit- ain since the 1950s.The article tracesthe growth and distributionof these populations and religions,as well as the developmentof theirplaces of worshipfrom front-roomprayer rooms to cathedral-scalebuildings. It exploresthe way in which the Britishplanning process,dedi- catedto preservingthe traditional,has engaged with the exotic.Keywords: England, Hindus, Muslims,Sikhs, urban planning. In 2001 Wilbur Zelinsky published a stimulatingarticle in the GeographicalRe- view extolling the exceptional nature of the American cultural landscapeof reli- gion. He arguedthat the United Statesis a land without the homogenizing effectof Europeanstate religions. New peopleshave brought new religionsand made a highly diversified and pluralistic impact on the American cultural landscape. Places of worship range from Episcopaliancathedrals to storefront churches,from mega- churches to ethnic churches,and an almost random scatter of sites where Chris- tians,Jews, Muslims, Buddhists, and a wide varietyof other religionsare represented, with an equal variety of signage in the streetscape.Zelinsky described a unique pluralisticreligious landscape. On the other side of the Atlantic,dramatic changes are happeningas well to the European,particularly the English, Christiancultural landscapes of religion. The homogenizing effect of state religion, to which Zelinsky referred,is being decon- structedand in some casesreconsecrated under the impactof new religiousinfluxes. The ethnic minoritypopulations of the United Kingdom and other WesternEuro- pean countries have expanded dramatically(Peach 1997).Embedded within these minority ethnic populations, especially those of South Asian origin, has come a great expansionin "new"religions-Islam (Peach199ob), Hinduism, Sikhism-and with them the new "cathedrals"of the Englishcultural landscape: Muslim masjids, Hindu mandirsand Sikh gurdwaras.Exotic religious buildings, some of exquisite beauty,have been built on unlikelyinner-city sites. The Shri SwaminarayanMandir, handcraftedin the Gujaratin India from white Romanianmarble, was shipped to * We aregrateful for the constructivesuggestions of threeanonymous referees. We would also like to thankthe followingthree funding agencies for researchgrants: ESRC grant ROOO239765, Social Geography of BritishSouth AsianMuslim, Sikh and Hindu Sub-Communities; the Leverhulme Trust grant F/773, Ethnicity and Cultural Land- scapes:Mosques, Temples and Gurdwaras:A DomesdaySurvey; and the NuffieldFoundation small grant SGS/ 01044/G, Muslimand Christian Places of Worshipand the Planning Process in Birmingham.We further gratefully acknowledgeour researchassociates on earlierparts of the continuingproject: Dariusz Wojcik, University of Oxford;James Ryan, now at Queen'sUniversity, Belfast; and Simon Naylor, now at BristolUniversity. DR. PEACHis a professorof social geographyat the Universityof Oxford,Oxford oxI 3TB,En- gland, where DR.GALE is a researchfellow. TheGeographical Review 93 (4): 469-490, October2003 Copyright C 2005 by the AmericanGeographical Society of New York 470 THE GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW Growth of Mosques, Gurdwaras, and Mandirs in England and Wales, 1964-1998 700 yMuslim 600 Sikh 500 -Hindu 400 300 200 100 0 1964 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 1999 FIG.1-Muslim, Sikh, and Hindu registeredplaces of worship in England and Wales, 1964-1998. Sources:Data transcribedby Simon Naylor from manuscriptrecords of the GeneralRegister Office Registerof Places of Worship,kept at Southport,Merseyside; data published annually in Marriage, Divorceand AdoptionStatistics, Series FM2(London: Office for National Statistics;see, for example, ONS2001). No separateHindu data are given in the publishedrecords. Our data differslightly from the published sources because our fieldworkrevealed disused sites. (Graphby Ceri Peach) England and assembledinto an astonishinglybeautiful temple off London'sNorth Circularring road-opposite an IKEAfurniture store. The elegant Dawoodi Bohra Shi'a Masjid in Northolt is hidden awayin a London industrialestate. The largest Sikh gurdwarain the Westernworld has been built almost under the flight path of HeathrowAirport in suburbanSouthall. PREVIOUS STUDIES The extent of the transformationbrought about by the appearanceof the Muslim, Hindu, and Sikh places of worship can be gauged from readingJohn Gay'saccount of The Geographyof Religionin England:"Hinduism has not made any real impres- sion on the English social landscape"(1971, 199). "The future for the EasternReli- gions in England ... rests almost entirelywith the Muslims and the Sikhs,... the Hindus leave their religion behind in India"(p. 201). Gay was correct about the Muslims'and Sikhs'future impact on the Englishsocial landscape.But although,of the three religions, the Hindus have produced the fewest places of worship (Fig- ure 1), their impact has been among the most spectacular(Figure 2). ENGLANDS NEW RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPE 471 FIG.2-The ShriSwaminarayan Mandir in Neasden,North London, with springcrocuses in the foreground.(Photograph by MartinBarfoot, School of Geographyand the Environment,University of Oxford,spring 2001) A considerableliterature has developedon the culturallandscape of religionin Englandsince Gay's 1971 book. Largely these studies are analyses of particularbuild- ings ratherthan an attemptat an overallgeography. Among the notablecontribu- tionsare those on a LondonHindu temple (Vertovec 1992, 2000), on theHare Krishna BhaktivedantaCenter set up by BeatleGeorge Harrison in a ruralmanor in Hert- fordshire(Nye 1998),on a Jaintemple in Leicester(Gale 1999), on an Ahmadiyya mosquein a Londonsuburb (Naylor and Ryan2002), and on the politicsof plan- ning (Galeand Naylor 2002). Thisliterature links up with thatof scholarsin Aus- tralia(Dunn 2001), Canada(Isin and Siemiatycki 2002), and Singapore (Kong 1993a, 1993b,2002). Importantpapers have also been presentedat conferences(Dwyer 2ooo;Phillips and Brown 2000). This article follows more the NorthAmerican tra- dition of studyingthe religiouslandscape, that of Zelinsky(1961, 1988,2001) and DianaEck, the Harvardsociologist of religion(1997, 2002), but alsoDavid Sopher (1967, 1981), James Shortridge (1976), and G. J.Levine (1986). Thefirst decade of thetwenty-first century is anopportune time to analyzethese changesin the Englishcultural landscape. England and Wales have an officialregis- ter of placesof worshipbeginning in 1854,which allows one to trackthe growthof Muslim,Sikh, and Hindu places of worship(oNs 2001). The 2001 decennialcensus forthe United Kingdom included questions on religionfor the firsttime and a ques- tion on ethnicityfor the secondtime.' 472 THE GEOGRAPHICAL. REVIEW U.K. the Wales87.8 98.4 95.7 97.6 99.6 98.8 99.2 97.4 91.7 95.3 98.5 88.5 97.5 England of in and % KINGDOM % 1.8 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 7.9 92.1 100.0 UNITED 97,585 No. 747,285677,117565,876 485,277 283,063 247,664 247,403 230,615 2001 1,053,411 4,635,296 54,153,898 58,789,194 GROUP, 666 255494 252 194 387 ETHNIC 1,567 3,319 4,1451,290 12,569 BY NORTHERNIRELAND1,672,698 1,685,267 KINGDOM, 1,7785,118 1,981 6,196 9,5711,129 15,03731,79312,764 16,310 101,677 SCOTLAND UNITED 4,960,334 5,062,011 THE OF 745 8,2618,287 17,661 2,5973,727 5,436 3,464 6,267 5,135 61,580 WALES 2,841,505 2,903,085 I-POPULATION 95,324 TABLE 706,539643,373561,246 475,938 275,394 237,810 220,681 214,619 1,028,546 4,459,470 ENGLAND44,679,361 49,138,831 individuals. biracial ethnic to 2002. refers ONS GROUP populationminority CaribbeanAfricanAsian Other population "Mixed" TotalToral a Source: ETHNICWhiteIndian PakistaniMixeda Black Black Bangladeshi OtherChinese Other Black ENGLANDS NEW RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPE 473 Thisstudy links these sources with a majorsurvey carried out at the University of Oxfordon Muslim,Sikh, and Hinduplaces of worship.Our project selected all 916 Muslim,Sikh, and Hinduplaces of worshiplisted in the Officefor National Statistics(oNs) officialregister for 1998.2Between 1999 and 2001, all siteswere vis- ited andphotographed. Details were collected on schoolsof thought,religious tra- ditionsand movements,patterns of worship,sizes and locations of congregations, datesof establishment,languages spoken, organization, sources of funding,com- munityfacilities
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Diversity in the City
    Marco Martiniello, Brigitte Piquard Diversity in the City HumanitarianNet Thematic Network on Humanitarian Development Studies Diversity in the City Diversity in the City Edited by Marco Martiniello Brigitte Piquard University of Liège University of Louvain 2002 University of Deusto Bilbao No part of this publication, including the cover design, may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by and means, whether electrical, chemical, mechanical, optical, recording or photocopying, without prior permission or the publisher. Publication printed in ecological paper Illustration of front page: Xabi Otero © Universidad de Deusto Apartado 1 - 48080 Bilbao I.S.B.N.: 84-7485-789-9 Legal Deposit: BI - 349-02 Printed in Spain/Impreso en España Design by: IPAR, S. Coop. - Bilbao Printed by: Artes Gráficas Rontegui, S.A.L. Contents Preface . 9 Introduction Marco Martiniello (University of Liège) and Brigitte Piquard (University of Louvain) . 11 Ethnic diversity and the city Ceri Peach (University of Oxford) . 21 Citizenship and exclusion on Europe´s southern frontier: the case of El Ejido Almudena Garrido (University of Deusto) . 43 When de-segregation produces stigmatisation: ethnic minorities and urban policies in France Patrick Simon (Institut National d'Études Démographiques) . 61 The study of community development in the city. Diversity as a tool Ruth Soenen and Mac Verlot (University of Gent) . 95 The Latinisation of the United States: social inequalities and cultural obsessions James Cohen (University Paris-VIII) . 111 Western Europe in the Urban Gap Between Mobility and Migration Flows Barbara Verlic Christensen (University of Ljubljana) . 135 Diasporic identities and diasporic economies: the case of minority ethnic media Charles Husband (University of Bradford) .
    [Show full text]
  • Religious Legacies and the Politics of Multiculturalism: a Comparative Analysis of Integration Policies in Western Democracies
    RELIGIOUS LEGACIES AND THE POLITICS OF MULTICULTURALISM: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INTEGRATION POLICIES IN WESTERN DEMOCRACIES Michael Minkenberg Europa-Universitaet Viadrina 2007-1 About the Matthew B. Ridgway Center The Matthew B. Ridgway Center for International Security Studies at the University of Pittsburgh is dedicated to producing original and impartial analysis that informs policymakers who must confront diverse challenges to international and human security. Center programs address a range of security concerns—from the spread of terrorism and technologies of mass destruction to genocide, failed states, and the abuse of human rights in repressive regimes. The Ridgway Center is affiliated with the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs (GSPIA) and the University Center for International Studies (UCIS), both at the University of Pittsburgh. The Ford Institute for Human Security is a constituent unit of the Ridgway Center. This working paper is a product of the Ford Institute for Human Security’s working group on “Immigration, Integration and Security: Europe and America in Comparative Perspective,” co-chaired by Ariane Chebel d’Appollonia and Simon Reich. This paper and the working group that produced it were made possible by a generous grant from the Ford Foundation to the Ridgway Center on The Determinants of Security Policy in the 21st Century, Grant # 1050-1036. Introduction Landmark events of global significance have repeatedly raised issues of policy convergence or divergence across nation states, as well as continuity or stability across time, or a combination of both. This is particularly true for events such as the end of the Cold War, 9/11, the area of immigration and integration policies, the politics of citizenship and multiculturalism.
    [Show full text]
  • Contrasting Patterns of Migration and Settlement in Britain, France and the Netherlands
    THE CARIBBEAN IN EUROPE: CONTRASTING PATTERNS OF MIGRATION AND SETTLEMENT IN BRITAIN, FRANCE AND THE NETHERLANDS by Ceri Peach Research Paper in Ethnic Relations No.15 Centre for Research in Ethnic Relations October 1991 University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL Dr Ceri Peach is Lecturer in Geography at the University of Oxford and Fellow of St Catherine's College. He has published extensively on migration movments, urban segregation and social interaction. Mel Thompson is the editor of the Research Papers in Ethnic Relations Series. The aim of this series is to publish papers based on research carried out at the Centre for Research in Ethnic Relations at the Univerity of Warwick. It will also publish papers from external authors, and the editor welcomes manuscripts from other writers and researchers (including research students) working in the field of race and ethnic relations. The main emphasis of the series will be on original research that will be of interest and relevance for students of race and ethnic relations and for those implementing equal opportunity and anti- racist policies. Acknowledgment This work is based in part on research carried out under ESRC grant R0023 2777. Thanks are due to Philip Ogden and S. E. Condon for permission to quote extensively from the unpublished papers referenced in the text. Thanks are due also to Hans van Amersfoort for permission to reproduce two maps of the distribution of Surinamese population in Amsterdam. THE CARIBBEAN IN EUROPE There are at least two books which include the idea of the Caribbean in Europe in their titles (Lamur and Speckmann 1978; Brock, 1986).
    [Show full text]
  • Slippery Segregation: Discovering Or Manufacturing Ghettos ? Ceri Peach
    University of Manchester Institute for Social Change Working Paper Slippery Segregation: Discovering or Manufacturing Ghettos ? Ceri Peach Controversy exploded in 2005 over a paper at the Annual Conference of the Royal Geographical Society and the Institute of British Geographers which claimed that ethnic segregation in Britain was increasing, ghettos had formed and some British cities were almost as segregated as Chicago. The paper asserted that segregation indexes failed to measure segregation and should be abandoned in favour of a threshold schema of concentrations using raw data. These assertions of ghettoisation were repeated by Trevor Phillips, Director the Commission for Racial Equality, in an inflammatory speech claiming that Britain was sleepwalking into American-style segregation. The argument of my paper is that the index approach is indeed necessary, that ethnic segregation in Britain is decreasing, that the threshold criteria for the claim that British ghettos exist has manufactured ghettos rather than discovered them. A Pakistani ghetto under the Poulsen schema could be 40 per cent Pakistani, 30 per cent White, 20 per cent Indian and 10 per cent Caribbean. In 2000, 60 per cent of Chicago’s Blacks lived in a true ghetto of tracts that were 90–100 per cent Black. Keywords: Segregation; Ghetto; Ethnicity; Race, US, UK Introduction: Framing the Discussion In September 2005, Trevor Phillips, then Director of the Commission for Racial Equality, gave a speech in which he asserted that Britain was sleepwalking into segregation and that cities like Bradford and Leicester were comparable in their levels of ghettoisation to Chicago (Phillips 2005). Phillips’ sensational claims were largely based on a paper delivered by Poulsen (2005) to the Annual Conference of the Royal Geographical Society and the Institute of British Geographers, in which he not only made the claim that segregation was increasing and ghettos had formed, but argued that, apart from the P* Index of isolation, segregation indexes failed to measure segregation.
    [Show full text]
  • King's Research Portal
    King’s Research Portal Document Version Early version, also known as pre-print Link to publication record in King's Research Portal Citation for published version (APA): Neumann, P., & Rogers, M. B. (2007). Recruitment and mobilisation for the Islamist militant movement in Europe. European Commission. http://icsr.info/wp- content/uploads/2012/10/1234516791ICSREUResearchReport_Proof1.pdf Citing this paper Please note that where the full-text provided on King's Research Portal is the Author Accepted Manuscript or Post-Print version this may differ from the final Published version. If citing, it is advised that you check and use the publisher's definitive version for pagination, volume/issue, and date of publication details. And where the final published version is provided on the Research Portal, if citing you are again advised to check the publisher's website for any subsequent corrections. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the Research Portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognize and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. •Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research. •You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain •You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the Research Portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded from Brill.Com10/05/2021 06:19:44PM Via Free Access - Antonio J
    Book Reviews - J. Abbink, Edward LiPuma, The gift of kinship; Structure and practice in Maring social organisation. Cambridge, etc.: Cambridge University Press, x + 241 pp. - Martin A. van Bakel, P. Bonte, Dictionnaire de l éthnologie et de l ànthropologie. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1991., M. Izard, et al (eds.) - M.A. van Bakel, C.J. Healey, Maring hunters and traders; Production and exchange in the Papua New Guinea highlands, Berkeley: University of California press, 1990. - Guido P.F. van den Boorn, H.J.M. Claessen, Verwenen koninkrijken en verloren beschavingen; Opkomst en ondergang van de vroege staat. Assen/Maastricht: Van Gorcum, 1991. VIII + 250 pp.; 21 zw/w kaarten). - Martin van Bruinessen, Werner Kraus, Islamische mystische Bruderschaften im heutigen Indonesien, Hamburg: Mitteilungen des Instituts für Asienkunde 183, 1990. 205 pp., bibliography, index. - Martin van Bruinessen, Michael Charles Williams, Communism, religion, and revolt in Banten. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University, 1990 (Monographs in international studies, Southeast Asia Series, no.86). - J. Bijlmer, R. Jordaan, A. Niehof, Paul Alexander, Creating Indonesian cultures, (Oceania ethnographies 3), Sydney: University of Sydney, 1989, vii + 230 pp. - J.G. De Casparis, J. Fontein, The law of cause and effect in ancient Java. Koninklijke Academie van Wetenschappen, Verhandelingen Afdeling Letterkunde, Niewe Reeks, Deel 140, 1989. - Victoria M. Clara van Groenendael, Mally Kant-Achilles, Wayang Bèbèr; Das wiederentdeckte Bildrollen drama zentral Javas. Stuttgart: Franz Stiener Verlag, 1990. 262 pp. + 133 pp. of illustrations. Photographs, maps, bibliography, glossary cum index, authors index, appendices., Friedrich Seltmann, Rüdiger Schumacher (eds.) - J.R. van Diessen, Susan Abeyasekere, Jakarta - A history. Oxford, etc.: Oxford University Press, 1989.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae
    CURRICULUM VITAE WEI LI, Ph.D., Professor Asian Pacific American Studies, School of Social Transformation, and School of Geographical Science and Urban Planning; Affiliate Faculty: Center for Asian Research; Senior Sustainability Scientist, Global Institute of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ 85287-6403, USA Phone: (480) 727-6556 Fax: (480) 727-7911 E-mail: [email protected] Website: https://sgsup.asu.edu/wei-li EDUCATION 1991—1997 University of Southern California Doctor of Philosophy—Geography Specialization: Ethnic geography of U.S. cities; Comparative ethnicity 1982—1985 Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Master of Science—Geography Specialization: World Regional Geography; North America; Agricultural development 1978—1982 Beijing Normal College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Bachelor of Science—Geography Specialization: Third world development; Agricultural development PROFESSIONAL POSITIONS 2015—2016 Visiting Scholar, Department of Ethnic Studies, University of CA, Berkeley 2013—2014 Faculty Head, Asian Pacific American Studies, School of Social Transformation, Arizona State University 2012 Visiting Professor, Hua Qiao (Chinese Overseas) University, Xiamen, China 2012 Visiting Professor, The International Centre for the Study of East Asian Development, Kitakyushu, Japan 2001—present Professor of Asian Pacific American Studies and Geography (2011- ); Associate Professor (2004-2011); Assistant Professor (2001-2004) Arizona State University 2009 Visiting Professor, Department of Geography, University
    [Show full text]
  • ETHNIC DIVERSITY and the CITY Ceri Peach
    ETHNIC DIVERSITY AND THE CITY Ceri Peach COBISS 1.01 In the period 1945 to 1996, there has been a net movement of about 33 million mi­ grants and refugees across international borders in western Europe. By way of com­ parison, in the period 1820 and 1985, there was a net migration of about 56 million people into the USA. The population of Europe is larger than that of the USA in the period in which most of the US migration was taking place, but the impact in demo­ graphic and psychological terms on Europe, a continent that was previously thought of as an exporter of population has been considerable. The post-war period in Europe has seen four main waves of inward immigration: • Reflux of Europeans from their colonial territories overseas or from their areas of historic settlement in Eastern Europe. 1945 - 1974 about 16 million of such people exist or existed. • Influx of worker and family immigration 1950 - 1999 (Gastarbeiter) and depen­ dants, of whom there were in 1993 about 12 million in western Europe and by the late 1990s closer to 20 millions. • Refuge. 1989 - 2000 The new wave of asylum seekers from the former Socialist bloc : the former USSR, Yugoslavia as well as the disposessed from earlier Islamic upheavals in Iran, Afghanistan, Iraq, Kurdistan and Algeria, civil wars in Sri Lan­ ka, Somalia Rwanda and Burundi and elsewhere. • Fourthly, we have seen the growth of the two newish movements. There are the white-collar internationalists. These are the chess pieces of transnationalism. They include Japanese and Americans parachuted into corporate city slots (de Lannoy, 1975; Glebe, 1986; Kesteloot and van der Haegen, 1997).
    [Show full text]
  • Residential Segregation and the Integration of Immigrants: Britain, the Netherlands and Sweden
    Veröffentlichung der Arbeitsstelle Interkulturelle Konflikte und gesellschaftliche Integration, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung AKI Karen Schönwälder (Ed.) Residential Segregation and the Integration of Immigrants: Britain, the Netherlands and Sweden Discussion Paper Nr. SP IV 2007-602 Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung gGmbH Social Science Research Center Berlin Reichpietschufer 50, 10785 Berlin Telefon: +49/30/25491-0 E-Mail: [email protected] Telefax: +49/30/25491-684 Internet: http://www.wzb.eu Abstract Three country studies on Great Britain (C. Peach), the Netherlands (S. Musterd/W. Ostendorf), and Sweden (R. Andersson) outline key features of ethnic residential segregation and discuss their relevance for the integration of migrants. For all three countries the degree of settlement concentration is considered moderate. Empirical results are presented on links between neighbourhood and, e. g., labour market inte- gration and inter-group relations. In a concluding chapter, Karen Schönwälder offers an assessment of the available evidence on neighbourhood effects and its relevance for the German situation. While it seems too early to draw firm conclusions, current knowledge suggests that the importance of socio-spatial structures for the integration of people with a migration background should not be overestimated. The evidence does not support a choice of political intervention strategies that focus on countering ethnic residential segregation. Zusammenfassung Drei Länderstudien zu Großbritannien (C. Peach), den Niederlanden (S. Musterd/W. Ostendorf) und Schweden (R. Andersson) skizzieren Grundmuster der ethnischen residenziellen Segregation und diskutieren deren Relevanz für die Integration von MigrantInnen. Übereinstimmend schätzen sie den Grad der Siedlungskonzentration als moderat ein. Zur Bedeutung des Wohnumfeldes für u. a. die Arbeitsmarktintegra- tion oder Gruppenbeziehungen werden einige empirische Ergebnisse vorgestellt.
    [Show full text]
  • Appraisal of Britain's Jewish Population David
    The socio-spatial boundaries of an ‘invisible’ minority: a quantitative (re)appraisal of Britain’s Jewish population David J Graham Thesis submitted for the degree of DPhil in Geography St Catherine’s College University of Oxford Michaelmas Term 2008 Abstract The socio-spatial boundaries of an ‘invisible’ minority: a quantitative (re)appraisal of Britain’s Jewish population David J Graham St Catherine’s College, University of Oxford DPhil Geography Michaelmas Term 2008 This study, located in the disciplines of human geography and demography, explores the socio-spatial boundaries encapsulating Britain’s Jewish population, particularly at micro-scales. It highlights and challenges key narratives of both Jewish and general interest relating to residential segregation, assimilation, partnership formation, exogamy and household living arrangements. It presents a critical exploration of the dual ethnic and religious components of Jewish identity, arguing that this ‘White’ group has become ethnically ‘invisible’ in British identity politics and, as a consequence, is largely overlooked. In addition, the key socio-demographic processes relating to Jewish partnership formation are addressed and a critical assessment of data pertaining to the decline of marriage, the rise of cohabitation and the vexed topic of Jewish exogamy, is presented. The analysis culminates by linking each of these issues to the micro-geographical scale of the household and develops a critical assessment of this key unit of Jewish (re)production. Jewish population change is contextualised within the framework of the second demographic transition. This deliberately quantitative study is designed to exploit a recent glut of data relating to Jews in Britain. It interrogates specially commissioned tables from Britain’s 2001 Census as well as four separate communal survey data sources.
    [Show full text]
  • 2/9/2010 1 STANLEY LIEBERSON Curriculum Vitae Personal Birthdate
    2/9/2010 STANLEY LIEBERSON Curriculum Vitae Personal Birthdate: April 20, 1933 Birthplace: Montreal, Canada Citizenship: U.S.A. Education B.A. None M.A. University of Chicago Sociology 1958 Ph.D. University of Chicago Sociology 1960 Positions Harvard University, Professor of Sociology 1988- (Abbott Lawrence Lowell Research Professor 2007-) (Abbott Lawrence Lowell Professor 1991-2006) University of California, Berkeley, Professor of Sociology 1983-1988 University of Arizona, Professor of Sociology 1974-1983 University of Chicago, Professor of Sociology 1971-1974 University of Washington, Professor of Sociology 1967-1971 University of Wisconsin, Assistant Professor to Professor of Sociology 1961-1967 University of Iowa, Instructor to Assistant Professor of Sociology 1959-196l University of Toronto, Claude Bissell Distinguished Visiting Professor 1979-1980 Stanford University, Visiting Professor Summer 1970 Professional Activities Editorial Activities Social Problems (1965-1967); Sociological Inquiry (1965-1967); American Journal of Sociology (1969-1974); Language in Society (1972-1974); Sociological Methods and Research (1971-1996); Sociological Abstracts 1972-1973); International Journal of the Sociology of Language (1974- ); Canadian Journal of Sociology/Revue canadienne de sociologie (1975- 2000); Language Problems and Language Planning (1977-1999); Social Forces (1980-1983); Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, (1984-1986). 1 2/9/2010 Other Professional Activities University of Chicago Colver-Rosenberger Educational Prize
    [Show full text]
  • Ghetto Blasting: on Loïc Wacquant’S Urban Outcasts1
    GHETTO BLASTING: ON LOÏC WACQUANT’S URBAN OUTCASTS1 Tom Slater2 Institute of Geography, School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh United Kingdom Abstract: This commentary reviews Loïc Wacquant’s Urban Outcasts and amplifies and extends his argument that ghettos are not forming in European cities by focusing on a public debate on ethnic segregation that took place in Britain in the autumn of 2005. It uses the example of St. Paul’s, Bristol, to argue that urban marginality has indeed led to the formation of what Wacquant terms “anti-ghettos”—multi-ethnic areas deeply penetrated by the state. The commen- tary also considers the role of intellectuals in reinforcing and aggravating the “folk concepts” that enter the realm of urban policy with detrimental consequences, and argues that policy critique is preferable to “policy-relevant” urban scholarship. [Key words: ghettoization, cité, banlieue, anti-ghettos, ghetto blasting, Great Britain, folk concepts.] Students can be tough critics, but sometimes their collective reaction is a good measure of the importance and quality of scholarship. I first became aware of the power of Loïc Wacquant’s writing in 2004, when I started using some of his articles to teach undergradu- ates about some deeply problematic transformations of urban society in the U.S. and in Europe—precisely those transformations that are now so vividly captured and packaged in Urban Outcasts. I will never forget the excited reactions of many far-from-excitable students after we had discussed in class a typically pugnacious essay Wacquant pub- lished in 1997, entitled “Three Pernicious Premises in the Study of the American Ghetto” (Wacquant, 1997).3 A couple of years later, I fed some more Wacquant to another round of undergraduates; when I invited him to give a public lecture at the University of Bristol in 2006, I was stunned to see the back third of the lecture hall packed with these students, voluntarily attending an event outside their usual class time.
    [Show full text]