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Susquehanna River Flood Inundation Mapping Wyoming Valley Columbia, Luzerne, Montour, Northumberland, and Snyder Counties, Pennsylvania

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Susquehanna River Flood Inundation Mapping Wyoming Valley Columbia, Luzerne, Montour, Northumberland, and Snyder Counties, Pennsylvania SUSQUEHANNA RIVER FLOOD INUNDATION MAPPING WYOMING VALLEY COLUMBIA, LUZERNE, MONTOUR, NORTHUMBERLAND, AND SNYDER COUNTIES, PENNSYLVANIA Prepared by: Pennsylvania Silver Jackets Team MARCH 2019 SUSQUEHANNA RIVER FLOOD INUNDATION MAPPING WYOMING VALLEY COLUMBIA, LUZERNE, MONTOUR, NORTHUMBERLAND, AND SNYDER COUNTIES, PENNSYLVANIA Prepared by: Pennsylvania Silver Jackets Team MARCH 2019 Susquehanna River Flood Inundation Mapping i TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 STUDY AREA .................................................................................................................. 1-2 1.3 LEVERAGED DATA ........................................................................................................ 1-4 2 INUNDATION MAPPING .............................................................................................................. 2-1 2.1 MODIFICATION TO HEC-RAS FLOW FILE ..................................................................... 2-1 2.2 INUNDATION MAPPING DEVELOPMENT ...................................................................... 2-1 2.3 FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES ................................................................ 2-2 2.4 FINAL MAPPING AREAS ................................................................................................ 2-3 3 INUNDATION MAPPING LIMITATIONS ....................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 UNCERTAINTY ................................................................................................................ 3-1 3.2 PENNS CREEK IN SELINSGROVE ................................................................................. 3-1 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1: Study Area Figure 2.1: Mapping Areas Figure 3.1: Penns Creek in Selinsgrove Figure 3.2: High Water Marks for September 2011 Flood Event Figure 3.3: Backwater Point on Penns Creek LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A: June 2013 report titled “Flood Recovery Report-Tropical Storm Lee-Wyoming Valley, Columbia, Luzerne, Montour, Northumberland, and Snyder Counties, Pennsylvania”. Appendix B: Corresponding Stages and WSELs Pennsylvania Silver Jackets Team March 2019 Susquehanna River Flood Inundation Mapping 1-1 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND The Susquehanna River has a long history of flooding. From its headwaters near Cooperstown, New York, to its mouth in the Chesapeake Bay, no area of this river has been immune from flooding. The main stem of the Susquehanna River in northeast Pennsylvania, known as the Wyoming Valley, has an extensive history of flooding. Recorded flooding dates back to the late 1800’s, and due to the flooding, extensive measures have been taken to decrease the risk of damages and impacts, such as levees, floodwalls, and mitigation activity. In March 1936, a flood caused significant amounts of damages to the area, and it spurred the Flood Control Act of 1936 which led to the construction of the many levee systems along the Susquehanna River. Tropical Storm Agnes in June 1972 was and is the flood of record for many areas on the Susquehanna River. It caused massive flooding throughout the region, prompting the modification to numerous existing flood risk management projects. Major flooding occurred in the winter of 1996 when a huge snow pack was quickly melted by heavy rain and warm temperatures. A flood in September 2004 added urgency to a levee raising project in the Wyoming Valley, sparked additional concerns about the impact of the levee raising project to downstream communities, and resulted in funding for mitigation efforts along the Susquehanna River. On September 4 through September 8, 2011, the remnants of Tropical Storm Lee produced heavy rainfall in the Susquehanna River basin. Rainfall totals exceeded 10-12 inches over a 48 hour period in some locations. Because portions of the Susquehanna River basin were already saturated by Hurricane Irene rainfall a month earlier, the additional heavy rain associated with the remnants of Tropical Storm Lee produced widespread flash flooding and river flooding in and to the east of the Susquehanna Valley. Several locations in the Susquehanna basin broke precipitation records set by Hurricane Agnes (June 1972), and 12 National Weather Service (NWS) forecast points set new floods of record (Reference 1). The Wyoming Valley experienced record flooding in September 2011. United States Geological Survey (USGS) stream flow gages at Wilkes Barre, Bloomsburg, Danville, and Sunbury, showed record or near- record flood stages. Nearly every municipality along the Susquehanna River experienced flooding. In Luzerne County, more than 100,000 people were ordered to evacuate, West Pittston saw water rise several feet higher than it did during Hurricane Agnes (June 1972), and other communities like Shickshinny were under water as the river spread across the valley. In Bloomsburg, the county fairgrounds were covered in 10-12 feet of water (Reference 1). Because of the extensive damages as a result of the flooding, the President declared a Federal Disaster (DR-4030-PA) in Pennsylvania, which affected over 30 counties in central and eastern parts of the State. The existing levee systems along the Susquehanna River in the Wyoming Valley held, but were close to overtopping in numerous areas, while portions of the levee system received damages. In 2000, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) developed the Wyoming Valley Flood Warning System (FWS) for county and local officials use. This FWS system provides flood maps tied to forecast gages in the Wyoming Valley, but does not have the capability for the public to view the maps online. The existing system was used to provide information to officials for decision making and included a damage estimation component. The existing FWS and maps are now outdated since new modeling was completed after Tropical Storm Lee in September 2011; thus, this current project supercedes the 2000 FWS for Wyoming Valley by utilizing the most recent hydraulic modeling for the Susquhanna River and displaying the maps to the public via the NWS’s Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) map viewer site. Pennsylvania Silver Jackets Team March 2019 Susquehanna River Flood Inundation Mapping 1-2 This project involved developing a non-structural flood hazard mitigation tool to inform the general public, local officials, and emergency managers of risk associated with relative flood hazard. The tool is a set of four stage inundation map libraries for the Susquehanna River based on four NWS flood forecast points on the Susquehanna River in the Wyoming Valley. The flood forecast gages are located at Wilkes-Barre, Bloomsburg, Danville, and Sunbury. The stage inundation map libraries are displayed digitally for general consumption on the NWS’s AHPS map viewer site. The project provides a graphical extension to river forecasts issued by NWS for the Susquehanna River in the Wyoming Valley. 1.2 STUDY AREA The study area includes 101 miles of the main stem of the Susquehanna River. The upstream extent of the inundation mapping is upstream of the City of Wilkes-Barre, at the Luzerne County-Wyoming County boundary. The downstream limit of the inundation mapping is below the Borough of Selinsgrove, at the Snyder and Northumberland County boundary with Perry and Dauphin Counties. The inundation mapping spans a total of five counties (Columbia, Luzerne, Montour, Northumberland, and Snyder Counties) and includes over 50 local municipalities. The inundation mapping is tied directly to four USGS streamflow gages which are also NWS forecast points: USGS 01536500 in Wilkes Barre; USGS 01538700 in Bloomsburg; USGS 01540500 in Danvillle; and USGS 01554000 in Sunbury (Figure 1.1). Pennsylvania Silver Jackets Team March 2019 Figure 1.1: Study Area WYOMING Upstream Limit ofc LACKAWANNA Study S u s q SULLIVAN u e h a n n I a LYCOMING USGS 01536500 # in Wilkes-Barre LUZERNE MONROE COLUMBIA a ehann Susqu MONTOUR USGS 01538700 in Bloomsburg UNION USGS 01540500 in Danville # # West Branch a nn ha ue sq CARBON Su # SNYDER USGS 01554000 in Sunbury a n n a NORTHUMBERLAND h e u q SCHUYLKILL s u S Downstream LEHIGH Limit of Study BERKS JUNIATAc DAUPHIN Sources: Esri, DeLorme, USGS, NPS, Esri, HERE, DeLorme, MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap PERRY contributors, and the GIS user community Susquehanna River Flood Inundation Mapping 1-4 1.3 LEVERAGED DATA In response to the September 2011 flooding in Wyoming Valley, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) funded USACE-Baltimore District under Interagency Agreement (IAA) HSFE03-12-X-8103, to update a 2003 HEC-RAS hydraulic model (one dimensional, steady-state) for the Wyoming Valley to account for hydrologic and hydraulic changes in the watershed and floodplain. The hydrologic changes included revised frequency flow estimates and the hydraulic changes included bridge replacement/relocation, levee/floodwall raising, floodplain development, and the collection of high water marks during the September 2011 flood. This modeling, which is being used by FEMA for identifying the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) on their Digital Flood Insurance Rate Maps (DFIRMs), is outlined in the June 2013 report titled “Flood Recovery Report-Tropical Storm Lee-Wyoming Valley, Columbia, Luzerne, Montour, Northumberland, and Snyder
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