DOCSLIB.ORG

Placement of the Genus Angelina Within Rhytismatales and Observations of Angelina Rufescens

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Placement of the Genus Angelina Within Rhytismatales and Observations of Angelina Rufescens Placement of the genus Angelina within Rhytismatales and observations of Angelina rufescens The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Karakehian, J. M., K. F. LoBuglio, and D. H. Pfister. 2014. “Placement of the Genus Angelina Within Rhytismatales and Observations of Angelina Rufescens.” Mycologia 106 (1) (January 1): 154–162. doi:10.3852/13-174. Published Version doi:10.3852/13-174 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:30167530 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Mycologia, 106(1), 2014, pp. 154–162. DOI: 10.3852/13-174 # 2014 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Placement of the genus Angelina within Rhytismatales and observations of Angelina rufescens Jason M. Karakehian1 Discomyceteae exsiccatae as No. 16 (Korf 1954). He Katherine F. LoBuglio referred us to a classic paper on this species by Donald H. Pfister Durand (1902), which Korf also cited in his treatment Farlow Herbarium of Harvard University, 22 Divinity of discomycetes (Korf 1973). Subsequent morpholog- Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 ical and sequence analyses resolved the placement of this genus not in the Dermateaceae, where Durand (1902) and Korf (1973) had placed it, but instead Abstract: Angelina rufescens is placed within the core among the core clade of Rhytismatales (Lantz et al. clade of Rhytismatales (Leotiomycetes, Pezizomyco- 2011). tina, Ascomycota) based on analysis of LSU and mtSSU rDNA. The only species in the genus, it MATERIALS AND METHODS produces distinctive ascomata that reoccur annually on wood and on the remains of its own previous Collection.—Photographs were taken in situ and collections fructifications, forming dense conglomerations of taken for cultural and morphological studies and molecular interlocking longitudinally elongated apothecia with sequencing. The remaining portions were dried at low gray hymenia. Known collections and references of A. temperature in a home food dehydrator and accessioned rufescens indicate that it is endemic to eastern and into FH (Karakehian 12040101). central United States. Morphological and cultural Culture.—A few hours after gathering A. rufescens, dis- characters are described with notes on ascomata charged spores were collected onto Difco PDA media in two development. No mitospores were observed in field 100 mm Petri dishes. Small sections of the substratum collections or in culture. Lectotypes are designated supporting 2–3 apothecia were removed from the collection for Hysterium rufescens and its synonym Ascobolus and placed on moistened filter paper elevated on four glass conglomeratus. Angelina rufescens is illustrated here for slides. Plates were rotated 90 degrees every 20 min, and the first time in the taxonomic literature. three regions of ejected ascospores were collected. The Key words: Hypoderma, lectotypification, Leotio- dishes were placed in a dark incubator at 23 C. Polysporous mycetes, Lewis David von Schweinitz, Lophodermium, subcultures were made by excising 2 mm cubes of spore- bearing media and placing them at multiple points in mitochondrial SSU, Nils Peter Angelin, nuclear LSU, 100 mm dishes of Difco PDA, which were maintained at 23 C ontogeny, Rhytismataceae in darkness. Morphological observations.—Crush mounts from the living INTRODUCTION ascomata of A. rufescens were made in tap water or in 3% A collection of Angelina rufescens (Schwein.) Duby KOH and stained with phloxine in water and Congo red in was made in Carlisle, Massachusetts, United States 1 ammonia. Dried material was rehydrated in sealed Petri Apr 2012 from the underside of an oak log. The dishes on water-dampened filter paper, transferred to fungus had been observed at least 3 mo and had dilute gum arabic for 12 h and sectioned to 20 mmona freezing microtome. Dried material for crush mounts was fruited yearly on the same log since it first was rehydrated in 3% KOH or dipped in 70% ethanol, discovered five years earlier. Initially the identification rehydrated in water and stained with Congo red. Ascospore of this fungus even to the family level proved elusive. sizes are given from the average of 30 spores discharged It seemed to possess characters that were reminiscent from living apothecia onto a cover slip and mounted in of genera in both the Dermateaceae and Rhytismata- water. India ink was employed to detect the presence of ceae, which we could not reconcile. We decided to gelatinous spore sheaths. Observations of ascomatal devel- sequence it, and at the same time Richard P. Korf opment were made from living field-collected material identified the fungus as A. rufescens based on other (Karakehian 12090801). Microscopic observations were material from New England provided by our col- made with Nomarski and brightfield optics on Olympus league Lawrence Millman (Millman 2012). Korf BH-2 and Olympus BX40 compound microscopes and an noted that he had seen this fungus many years earlier Olympus SZX9 stereomicroscope. Drawings were made by JMK with a Leitz Laborlux compound microscope fitted around Ithaca, New York, and had issued it in his with a Leitz drawing tube. Submitted 27 May 2013; accepted for publication 20 Sep 2013. DNA Isolation, PCR and sequencing techniques.—DNA 1 Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] samples were obtained from living fruiting bodies of A. 154 KARAKEHIAN ET AL.: ANGELINA RUFESCENS (RHYTISMATALES) 155 rufescens (Karakehian 12040101). The DNA sample was Observations of ascomata development.—Hemispheri- used in PCR amplification and sequencing of the LSU and cal primordia, 100–150 mm diam, develop superficially mtSSU rDNA regions. DNA was extracted with the Qiagen on the substratum. These are at first hyaline but soon DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (cat. No. 69104). A 1/10 and 1/100 darken to pale yellow, orange then red with their apices dilution of the DNA was used for PCR amplification of the appearing granular, then tuberculate, from protruding mtSSU and LSU rDNA (ribosomal DNA) regions. The mtSSU was amplified with primers mrSSU1 and mrSSU3r cells (FIG. 2a, b). The primordia enlarge as hyaline (Zoller et al. 1999). Amplification of the LSU rDNA region hyphae emerge from their flanks and extend down, used primers LROR and LR5 (Monclavo et al. 2000). PCR infiltrating crevices in the surrounding substratum amplification, purification and sequencing was as described (FIG. 2c). These hyphae are septate, 3.5–5.5 mmdiam in Hansen et al. (2005). The GenBank accession numbers and sparsely encrusted with crystalline material. The for the LSU and mtSSU sequences for this isolate of A. primordia begin to elongate and enlarge laterally, rufescens are JX624162 and JX624163. An independent becoming hysterioid and darkening to dark brown- DNA extraction was performed from the living cultures black. Shallow apical sulci develop along their axes. The established in this study (see above). LSU and MtSSU DNA tissues surrounding the sulci and at the elongating ends sequences were determined to confirm the identity of the culture as A. rufescens. remain red-brown (FIG. 2d). Along the flanks of the primordia subtle longitudinal striations develop and Sequence analysis.—A NCBI (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. the hyphal extensions collapse forming a loose, flaky gov/) BLAST query of the LSU and mtSSU rDNA region pale brown tissue and leaving a white tomentose halo of determined that A. rufescens was most similar to genera in hyphal extensions only at the elongating ends (FIG. 2e). the Rhytismatales. LSU and mtSSU rDNA sequences from In transverse section the sulci are composed of 69 taxa representing members of the Rhytismatales sensu involute filamentous hyphae of the developing stricto (Lantz et al. 2011) were included in a combined apothecial margins. Crystaline material accumulates phylogenetic analyses of the LSU and mtSSU rDNA region. around the hyphae, ultimately forming a distinct split Phacidium lacerum, Lachnum bicolor and Pezicula carpinea (FIG. 2f). A thin pruinose layer of this material can be were used as outgroup taxa. These taxa and their GenBank accession numbers are in Lantz et al. (2011). observed developing around the sulci on the outer Alignment of DNA sequences was done with Clustal W surface of the primordia. through the Cipres Science Gateway (Miller et al. 2009) and Ascospores mature before the opening of the manually adjusted with Se-Al 2.0a8 (Rambaut 1996). The apothecium. In moist conditions, the prosenchyma- combined LSU and MtSSU DNA alignment is available from tous regions of the excipula swell, pushing the involute TreeBase under S14647. Regions of the DNA sequences that margins up and outward. Hymenial elements expand were highly divergent, as described by Lantz et al. (2011), and asci extend upward through the hamathecia, were not included in the analysis and resulted in a dataset of pushing the apothecium open further. Where asco- 1804 base pairs. DNA sequence alignments were analyzed as described by LoBuglio and Pfister (2010) with: MrBayes mata are densely gregarious, the flanks of the adjoining 3.0b4 (Ronquist and Heulsenbeck 2003) for obtaining apothecia swell tightly against each other, thus appear- Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP); maximum parsimony ing as interlocking gray hymenia. In senescent apothe- (MP) with PAUP 4.0b10 (Swofford 2002); and maximum cia where the excipula are heavily carbonized, the likelihood (ML) with RAxML-HPC2 on Abe through the apothecia tend to lose the ability to close. Cipres Science Gateway (Miller et al. 2009). Branch support for MP and ML analyses was determined by 1000 bootstrap replicates. TAXONOMY Angelina Fr., Summa veg. Scand., 2:358. 1849. RESULTS TYPE SPECIES: Ascobolus conglomeratus Schwein. Molecular phylogenetic analyses.—Results from phylo- genetic analyses of the combined LSU and mtSSU Angelina rufescens (Schwein.) Duby, Me´m. Soc. Phys. DNA sequences of 69 taxa, including A.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Diversity of the Capnocheirides Rhododendri-Dominated Fungal Community in the Phyllosphere of Rhododendron Ferrugineum L
    Nova Hedwigia Vol. 97 (2013) Issue 1–2, 19–53 Article Stuttgart, August 2013 Diversity of the Capnocheirides rhododendri-dominated fungal community in the phyllosphere of Rhododendron ferrugineum L. Fabienne Flessa* and Gerhard Rambold University of Bayreuth, Deptartment of Mycology, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany With 3 figures and 3 tables Abstract: Individuals of Rhododendron ferrugineum at natural sites within the mountain ranges and valleys Flüela, Julier, Monstein and Grimsel (in the cantons of Graubünden and Bern, Switzerland) were analysed to determine the occurrence of pigmented epifoliar fungi in their phyllosphere. Molecular data from the fungal isolates revealed a wide range of species to be present, forming a well characterized oligospecific community, with Capnocheirides rhododendri (Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Ascomycota) being the most frequently occurring taxon. One group of fungi was exclusively isolated from the leaf surfaces and recognized as being residential epifoliar. A second ecological group was absolutely restricted to the inner leaf tissues and considered as truly endofoliar. Members of a third group occurring in both the epifoliar and endofoliar habitats were considered to have an intermediate life habit. Members of this latter group are likely to invade the inner leaf tissues from the outside after having established a mycelium on the leaf surface. Comparison of the degree of pigmentation between cultivated strains of the strictly epifoliar and strictly endofoliar community members provided some indication that epifoliar growth is to a certain degree correlated with the ability of the fungi to develop hyphal pigmentation. The endofoliar growth is assumed to entail a complete lack or presence of a more or less weak hyphal pigmentation.
    [Show full text]
  • Development and Evaluation of Rrna Targeted in Situ Probes and Phylogenetic Relationships of Freshwater Fungi
    Development and evaluation of rRNA targeted in situ probes and phylogenetic relationships of freshwater fungi vorgelegt von Diplom-Biologin Christiane Baschien aus Berlin Von der Fakultät III - Prozesswissenschaften der Technischen Universität Berlin zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktorin der Naturwissenschaften - Dr. rer. nat. - genehmigte Dissertation Promotionsausschuss: Vorsitzender: Prof. Dr. sc. techn. Lutz-Günter Fleischer Berichter: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Ulrich Szewzyk Berichter: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Felix Bärlocher Berichter: Dr. habil. Werner Manz Tag der wissenschaftlichen Aussprache: 19.05.2003 Berlin 2003 D83 Table of contents INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 1 MATERIAL AND METHODS .................................................................................................................. 8 1. Used organisms ............................................................................................................................. 8 2. Media, culture conditions, maintenance of cultures and harvest procedure.................................. 9 2.1. Culture media........................................................................................................................... 9 2.2. Culture conditions .................................................................................................................. 10 2.3. Maintenance of cultures.........................................................................................................10
    [Show full text]
  • Methods and Work Profile
    REVIEW OF THE KNOWN AND POTENTIAL BIODIVERSITY IMPACTS OF PHYTOPHTHORA AND THE LIKELY IMPACT ON ECOSYSTEM SERVICES JANUARY 2011 Simon Conyers Kate Somerwill Carmel Ramwell John Hughes Ruth Laybourn Naomi Jones Food and Environment Research Agency Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ 2 CONTENTS Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................... 8 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 13 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................ 13 1.2 Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 15 2. Review of the potential impacts on species of higher trophic groups .................... 16 2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 16 2.2 Methods ............................................................................................................................. 16 2.3 Results ............................................................................................................................... 17 2.4 Discussion .......................................................................................................................... 44 3. Review of the potential impacts on ecosystem services .......................................
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix K. Survey and Manage Species Persistence Evaluation
    Appendix K. Survey and Manage Species Persistence Evaluation Establishment of the 95-foot wide construction corridor and TEWAs would likely remove individuals of H. caeruleus and modify microclimate conditions around individuals that are not removed. The removal of forests and host trees and disturbance to soil could negatively affect H. caeruleus in adjacent areas by removing its habitat, disturbing the roots of host trees, and affecting its mycorrhizal association with the trees, potentially affecting site persistence. Restored portions of the corridor and TEWAs would be dominated by early seral vegetation for approximately 30 years, which would result in long-term changes to habitat conditions. A 30-foot wide portion of the corridor would be maintained in low-growing vegetation for pipeline maintenance and would not provide habitat for the species during the life of the project. Hygrophorus caeruleus is not likely to persist at one of the sites in the project area because of the extent of impacts and the proximity of the recorded observation to the corridor. Hygrophorus caeruleus is likely to persist at the remaining three sites in the project area (MP 168.8 and MP 172.4 (north), and MP 172.5-172.7) because the majority of observations within the sites are more than 90 feet from the corridor, where direct effects are not anticipated and indirect effects are unlikely. The site at MP 168.8 is in a forested area on an east-facing slope, and a paved road occurs through the southeast part of the site. Four out of five observations are more than 90 feet southwest of the corridor and are not likely to be directly or indirectly affected by the PCGP Project based on the distance from the corridor, extent of forests surrounding the observations, and proximity to an existing open corridor (the road), indicating the species is likely resilient to edge- related effects at the site.
    [Show full text]
  • 4118880.Pdf (10.47Mb)
    Multigene Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeographic Diversification of the Earth Tongue Fungi in the Genera Cudonia and Spathularia (Rhytismatales, Ascomycota) The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Ge, Zai-Wei, Zhu L. Yang, Donald H. Pfister, Matteo Carbone, Tolgor Bau, and Matthew E. Smith. 2014. “Multigene Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeographic Diversification of the Earth Tongue Fungi in the Genera Cudonia and Spathularia (Rhytismatales, Ascomycota).” PLoS ONE 9 (8): e103457. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103457. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103457. Published Version doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103457 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12785861 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Multigene Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeographic Diversification of the Earth Tongue Fungi in the Genera Cudonia and Spathularia (Rhytismatales, Ascomycota) Zai-Wei Ge1,2,3*, Zhu L. Yang1*, Donald H. Pfister2, Matteo Carbone4, Tolgor Bau5, Matthew E. Smith3 1 Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China, 2 Harvard University Herbaria and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 3 Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America, 4 Via Don Luigi Sturzo 173, Genova, Italy, 5 Institute of Mycology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, Jilin, China Abstract The family Cudoniaceae (Rhytismatales, Ascomycota) was erected to accommodate the ‘‘earth tongue fungi’’ in the genera Cudonia and Spathularia.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Classification of Leotiomycetes
    Mycosphere 10(1): 310–489 (2019) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019 Article Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/7 Preliminary classification of Leotiomycetes Ekanayaka AH1,2, Hyde KD1,2, Gentekaki E2,3, McKenzie EHC4, Zhao Q1,*, Bulgakov TS5, Camporesi E6,7 1Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China 2Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand 3School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand 4Landcare Research Manaaki Whenua, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand 5Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops, 2/28 Yana Fabritsiusa Street, Sochi 354002, Krasnodar region, Russia 6A.M.B. Gruppo Micologico Forlivese “Antonio Cicognani”, Via Roma 18, Forlì, Italy. 7A.M.B. Circolo Micologico “Giovanni Carini”, C.P. 314 Brescia, Italy. Ekanayaka AH, Hyde KD, Gentekaki E, McKenzie EHC, Zhao Q, Bulgakov TS, Camporesi E 2019 – Preliminary classification of Leotiomycetes. Mycosphere 10(1), 310–489, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/7 Abstract Leotiomycetes is regarded as the inoperculate class of discomycetes within the phylum Ascomycota. Taxa are mainly characterized by asci with a simple pore blueing in Melzer’s reagent, although some taxa have lost this character. The monophyly of this class has been verified in several recent molecular studies. However, circumscription of the orders, families and generic level delimitation are still unsettled. This paper provides a modified backbone tree for the class Leotiomycetes based on phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, TEF, and RPB2 loci. In the phylogenetic analysis, Leotiomycetes separates into 19 clades, which can be recognized as orders and order-level clades.
    [Show full text]
  • Five New Species of Hypoderma (Rhytismatales, Ascomycota) with a Key to Hypoderma Species Known from China
    Nova Hedwigia 82 1—2 91—104 Stuttgart, February 2006 Five new species of Hypoderma (Rhytismatales, Ascomycota) with a key to Hypoderma species known from China by Cheng-Lin Hou and Meike Piepenbring* Botanisches Institut, J. W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, 60054 Frankfurt/M., Germany With 32 figures Hou, C.-L. & M. Piepenbring (2006): Five new species of Hypoderma (Rhytismatales, Ascomycota) with a key to Hypoderma species known from China. - Nova Hedwigia 82: 91-104. Abstract: Five new species of Hypoderma are described from China. They are Hypoderma berberidis on living prickles of Berberis jamesiana, H. cuspidatum on twigs of Rhododendron sp., H. linderae on leaves of Lindera glauca, H. shiqii on twigs of Rhododendron sp., and H. smilacicola on leaves of Smilax bracteata. They differ from known species mainly by the shape and position of their ascomata as well as characteristics of ascospores. A key to nine Hypoderma species known for China is provided. Key words: Berberidaceae, Ericaceae, Lauraceae, morphology, Rhytismataceae, Smilacaceae, taxonomy. Introduction With more than 30 species, Hypoderma is the third largest genus of the Rhytismatales, following Lophodermium and Coccomyces. The genus Hypoderma is separated from Lophodermium based on characteristics of asci and ascospores. Species of Hypoderma have more or less clavate asci and ellipsoid to clavate ascospores while those of Lophodermium have cylindrical asci and filiform ascospores (Cannon & Minter 1986, Darker 1967, Powell 1974). The long-standing nomenclatural problem concerning the generic name of Hypoderma was solved by Cannon & Minter (1983). Powell (1974) contributed a monograph on species of Hypoderma worldwide and recognized eight species.
    [Show full text]
  • MMA MASTERLIST - Sorted by Taxonomy
    MMA MASTERLIST - Sorted by Taxonomy Sunday, December 10, 2017 Page 1 of 86 Amoebozoa Mycetomycota Protosteliomycetes Protosteliales Ceratiomyxaceae Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa var. fruticulosa Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa var. poroides Ceratiomyxa sp. Mycetozoa Myxogastrea Incertae Sedis in Myxogastrea Liceaceae Licea minima Stemonitidaceae Brefeldia maxima Comatricha pulchella Comatricha sp. Comatricha typhoides Stemonitis axifera Stemonitis fusca Stemonitis sp. Stemonitis splendens Chromista Oomycota Incertae Sedis in Oomycota Peronosporales Peronosporaceae Plasmopara viticola Pythiaceae Pythium deBaryanum Oomycetes Saprolegniales Saprolegniaceae Saprolegnia sp. Peronosporea Albuginales Albuginaceae Albugo candida Fungus Ascomycota Ascomycetes Boliniales Boliniaceae Camarops petersii Capnodiales Capnodiaceae Scorias spongiosa Diaporthales Gnomoniaceae Cryptodiaporthe corni Sydowiellaceae Stegophora ulmea Valsaceae Cryphonectria parasitica Valsella nigroannulata Elaphomycetales Elaphomycetaceae Elaphomyces granulatus Elaphomyces sp. Erysiphales Erysiphaceae Erysiphe aggregata Erysiphe cichoracearum Erysiphe polygoni Microsphaera extensa Phyllactinia guttata Podosphaera clandestina Uncinula adunca Uncinula necator Hysteriales Hysteriaceae Glonium stellatum Leotiales Bulgariaceae Crinula caliciiformis Crinula sp. Mycocaliciales Mycocaliciaceae Phaeocalicium polyporaeum Peltigerales Collemataceae Leptogium cyanescens Lobariaceae Sticta fimbriata Nephromataceae Nephroma helveticum Peltigeraceae Peltigera evansiana Peltigera
    [Show full text]
  • Sequencing Abstracts Msa Annual Meeting Berkeley, California 7-11 August 2016
    M S A 2 0 1 6 SEQUENCING ABSTRACTS MSA ANNUAL MEETING BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA 7-11 AUGUST 2016 MSA Special Addresses Presidential Address Kerry O’Donnell MSA President 2015–2016 Who do you love? Karling Lecture Arturo Casadevall Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Thoughts on virulence, melanin and the rise of mammals Workshops Nomenclature UNITE Student Workshop on Professional Development Abstracts for Symposia, Contributed formats for downloading and using locally or in a Talks, and Poster Sessions arranged by range of applications (e.g. QIIME, Mothur, SCATA). 4. Analysis tools - UNITE provides variety of analysis last name of primary author. Presenting tools including, for example, massBLASTer for author in *bold. blasting hundreds of sequences in one batch, ITSx for detecting and extracting ITS1 and ITS2 regions of ITS 1. UNITE - Unified system for the DNA based sequences from environmental communities, or fungal species linked to the classification ATOSH for assigning your unknown sequences to *Abarenkov, Kessy (1), Kõljalg, Urmas (1,2), SHs. 5. Custom search functions and unique views to Nilsson, R. Henrik (3), Taylor, Andy F. S. (4), fungal barcode sequences - these include extended Larsson, Karl-Hnerik (5), UNITE Community (6) search filters (e.g. source, locality, habitat, traits) for 1.Natural History Museum, University of Tartu, sequences and SHs, interactive maps and graphs, and Vanemuise 46, Tartu 51014; 2.Institute of Ecology views to the largest unidentified sequence clusters and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Lai 40, Tartu formed by sequences from multiple independent 51005, Estonia; 3.Department of Biological and ecological studies, and for which no metadata Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, currently exists.
    [Show full text]
  • A Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Investigation of Conifer Endophytes
    A Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Investigation of Conifer Endophytes of Eastern Canada by Joey B. Tanney A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biology Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2016 Abstract Research interest in endophytic fungi has increased substantially, yet is the current research paradigm capable of addressing fundamental taxonomic questions? More than half of the ca. 30,000 endophyte sequences accessioned into GenBank are unidentified to the family rank and this disparity grows every year. The problems with identifying endophytes are a lack of taxonomically informative morphological characters in vitro and a paucity of relevant DNA reference sequences. A study involving ca. 2,600 Picea endophyte cultures from the Acadian Forest Region in Eastern Canada sought to address these taxonomic issues with a combined approach involving molecular methods, classical taxonomy, and field work. It was hypothesized that foliar endophytes have complex life histories involving saprotrophic reproductive stages associated with the host foliage, alternative host substrates, or alternate hosts. Based on inferences from phylogenetic data, new field collections or herbarium specimens were sought to connect unidentifiable endophytes with identifiable material. Approximately 40 endophytes were connected with identifiable material, which resulted in the description of four novel genera and 21 novel species and substantial progress in endophyte taxonomy. Endophytes were connected with saprotrophs and exhibited reproductive stages on non-foliar tissues or different hosts. These results provide support for the foraging ascomycete hypothesis, postulating that for some fungi endophytism is a secondary life history strategy that facilitates persistence and dispersal in the absence of a primary host.
    [Show full text]
  • Three New Species and a New Combination Of
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal MycoKeys 60: 1–15 (2019) News species of Triblidium 1 doi: 10.3897/mycokeys.60.46645 RESEARCH ARTICLE MycoKeys http://mycokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Three new species and a new combination of Triblidium Tu Lv1, Cheng-Lin Hou1, Peter R. Johnston2 1 College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Xisanhuanbeilu 105, Haidian, Beijing 100048, China 2 Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland 1142, New Zealand Corresponding author: Cheng-Lin Hou ([email protected]) Academic editor: D.Haelewaters | Received 17 September 2019 | Accepted 18 October 2019 | Published 31 October 2019 Citation: Lv T, Hou C-L, Johnston PR (2019) Three new species and a new combination of Triblidium. MycoKeys 60: 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.60.46645 Abstract Triblidiaceae (Rhytismatales) currently consists of two genera: Triblidium and Huangshania. Triblidium is the type genus and is characterised by melanized apothecia that occur scattered or in small clusters on the substratum, cleistohymenial (opening in the mesohymenial phase), inamyloid thin-walled asci and hyaline muriform ascospores. Before this study, only the type species, Triblidium caliciiforme, had DNA sequences in the NCBI GenBank. In this study, six specimens of Triblidium were collected from China and France and new ITS, mtSSU, LSU and RPB2 sequences were generated. Our molecular phylogenetic analysis and morphological study demonstrated three new species of Triblidium, which are formally de- scribed here: T. hubeiense, T. rostriforme and T. yunnanense. Additionally, our results indicated that Huang- shania that was considered to be distinct from Triblidium because of its elongated, transversely-septate ascospores, is congeneric with Triblidium.
    [Show full text]
  • Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two
    (topsheet) Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113. Fieldiana, Botany H. Thorsten Lumbsch Dept. of Botany Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr. Chicago, IL 60605 (312) 665-7881 fax: 312-665-7158 e-mail: [email protected] Sabine M. Huhndorf Dept. of Botany Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr. Chicago, IL 60605 (312) 665-7855 fax: 312-665-7158 e-mail: [email protected] 1 (cover page) FIELDIANA Botany NEW SERIES NO 00 Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113 H. Thorsten Lumbsch Sabine M. Huhndorf [Date] Publication 0000 PUBLISHED BY THE FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 2 Table of Contents Abstract Part One. Outline of Ascomycota - 2009 Introduction Literature Cited Index to Ascomycota Subphylum Taphrinomycotina Class Neolectomycetes Class Pneumocystidomycetes Class Schizosaccharomycetes Class Taphrinomycetes Subphylum Saccharomycotina Class Saccharomycetes Subphylum Pezizomycotina Class Arthoniomycetes Class Dothideomycetes Subclass Dothideomycetidae Subclass Pleosporomycetidae Dothideomycetes incertae sedis: orders, families, genera Class Eurotiomycetes Subclass Chaetothyriomycetidae Subclass Eurotiomycetidae Subclass Mycocaliciomycetidae Class Geoglossomycetes Class Laboulbeniomycetes Class Lecanoromycetes Subclass Acarosporomycetidae Subclass Lecanoromycetidae Subclass Ostropomycetidae 3 Lecanoromycetes incertae sedis: orders, genera Class Leotiomycetes Leotiomycetes incertae sedis: families, genera Class Lichinomycetes Class Orbiliomycetes Class Pezizomycetes Class Sordariomycetes Subclass Hypocreomycetidae Subclass Sordariomycetidae Subclass Xylariomycetidae Sordariomycetes incertae sedis: orders, families, genera Pezizomycotina incertae sedis: orders, families Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113 Introduction Literature Cited 4 Abstract Part One presents the current classification that includes all accepted genera and higher taxa above the generic level in the phylum Ascomycota.
    [Show full text]