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Science and Christianity: the Positive Attitude

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Science and Christianity: the Positive Attitude Journal of Hindu-Christian Studies Volume 10 Article 10 January 1997 Science and Christianity: The Positive Attitude C. Gordon Winder Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.butler.edu/jhcs Part of the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Winder, C. Gordon (1997) "Science and Christianity: The Positive Attitude," Journal of Hindu-Christian Studies: Vol. 10, Article 10. Available at: https://doi.org/10.7825/2164-6279.1156 The Journal of Hindu-Christian Studies is a publication of the Society for Hindu-Christian Studies. The digital version is made available by Digital Commons @ Butler University. For questions about the Journal or the Society, please contact [email protected]. For more information about Digital Commons @ Butler University, please contact [email protected]. Winder: Science and Christianity: The Positive Attitude Science and Christianity: The Positive Attitude c. Gordon Winder Department of Earth Sciences University of Western Ontario Historical Perspective and a series of essays entitled "The The Judeo-Christian Scriptures have been Fundamentals" published between considered by literalists as true in every 1911-1915 with such wishful-thinking titles aspect, including references to the sciences. as "The Passing of Evolution" by G. F. Scripture states that earth has four corners Wright, clergyman and self-taught geology suggesting that the earth is flat. The sun professor. The philosopher/clergyman rises in the morning suggesting that the sun Alfred North Whitehead wrote in his Science goes around the earth, and earth with and the Modern World (1926, p.126): "The humankind is at the centre of the universe. conflict between science and religion is what The six days in the Genesis account along comes to our minds when we think about with the genealogical chronologies were this subject". The seeming antagonism used by Irish Bishop James Ussher remains commonplace with present-day (1581-1652) to calculate that the earth's essayists, with such statements as "And .1. origin was in 4004 B. C. The Genesis organized religion is under assault - from account relates that the origin of humankind, science" (Presbyterian Record, Sept. 1996, ::.1' I' and all the plants and animals, is by p.38); and "in many respects, science and II '.·.: creation, a "<;oming into existence out of religion have always seemed opposed" !; I nothing instantaneously". (American Scientist, Nov.-Dec. 1996, Over time, scientists determined that the p.532). In all these examples, the "conflict" earth is a sphere; Copernicus and Galileo is between science and Christianity. determined the earth and the other planets of Science and religion, the two most our universe circle the sun; the first influential philosophies of all human geologists came to the conclusion that the knowledge, are compatible for most other earth is very old; and Charles Darwin in his religions. Albert Einstein, a Jew, said Origins (1859) concluded that all organisms "Science without religion is lame, and are a product of biological evolution, with religion without science is blind". Maurice inference for mankind. Tension between Bucaille, in his The Bible, The Qur'an, and conservative Christians and scientists Science (1987, p.121) wrote: "The heightened to the detriment of both association between the Qur'an and science Christianity and science; this has persisted to is a priori a surprise, especially since it is the present day. going to be one of harmony, and not of discord". About the Baha'i Faith, Brian Aull The Conflict Attitude wrote that a fundamental teaching of the The conflict attitude has been fostered by Baha'i Faith is that science and religion are books and articles with titles such as History harmonious and complementary (Journal of of the Conflict between Religion and Science Baha'i Studies, 1,2. p.1, 1988). Common by William Draper (1874); A History of the sense dictates that as the teaching of the Warfare of Science and Theology in major religions - Hinduism, Buddhism, Christendom by Andrew D. White (1896); Judaism, Islam, Baha'i, etc., - is compatible Hindu-Christian Studies Bulletin 10 (1997) 36-40 Published by Digital Commons @ Butler University, 1997 1 Journal of Hindu-Christian Studies, Vol. 10 [1997], Art. 10 Science and Christianity 37 with science, the same must hold true for that this conflict must be based on Christianity. misunderstanding and a lack of perception. Conservative Christians reject Darwin's theory because the Genesis account specifies Modern Science in the Judeo-Christian that the origin of humankind was by Scriptures creation, not evolution. Definition of terms [Scripture verses from the New American and their consistent use is essential. Standard Bible (NASB), 1973] Conservative Christians define the terms Modern science is separated into major creation and evolution, and then use them divisions of astronomy, biology, chemistry, interchangeably. My definition for evolution geoscience, physics, all linked by is "change with continuity", a material mathematics. In addition there are the process, such as a lump of clay is made or applied sciences of engineering, dentistry, formed into a pot. Contemplation of our and medicine. Science knowledge forms a world and universe brings the realization continuous spectrum without any clear that virtually everything is changing, has breaks. Some border areas have developed changed, and will continue to change. into specialized fields such as astrophysics, Darwin's biological evolution describes the biochemistry, geophysics, geochemistry, change as manifest by organisms within our physical chemistry, etc. Investigations in world, present and past, where everything is interdisciplinary sectors have yielded major changing. Creation is "something coming discoveries. These in turn can be linked with into existence out of nothing" , a . other fields in the arts, humanities, metaphysical concept, and consistent with languages, philosophy, and, logically, Scriptural teaching. The origin of the religion, and its subdivisions. The universe, named the "Big Bang" by the dominating influence of science on society, cosmologists, was a creation, and considered both beneficial and detrimental, can be aptly described by the opening statement of illustrated by mentioning some of the Genesis - "In the beginning, God created discoveries and products - lasers, silicon ... ". The subsequent accumulation of the chips, DNA, PCBs, radioactive elements, solid materials into stars, planets, moons, rocket propulsion, computers, artificial meteorites, etc., was a process of evolution intelligence, cloning, teflon, vaccines, etc., by agglomeration. etc. Although the conflict is identified as That science should be compatible with "religion with science or vice versa" , not all Christianity can be inferred from the New science is in conflict with religion, only Testament. In 1 Cor. 12: 12-26, the adherents important theories in biology and of Christianity - the church - are compared geoscience. Amongst professional scientists to a single body without division. This - from astronomers to zoologists - Darwin's "body" is then compared to the human body evolution is considered the most important made of eyes, ears, feet, etc., and every part theory of all science. But the contention is is essential. This same analogy can be identified as "science", and thereby has a applied to any "body" such as an detrimental influence on all science. One automobile, where, if any part is removed, trivial, but influential, fact is that in the the "body" becomes deficient and disabled. King James (KJ) version of the Bible, 1 Furthermore, the analogy can be applied to Tim. 6:20 mentions "science falsely the "body of human knowledge" and any so-called". When the King James version attempt to remove or discredit one part has was prepared in the early 1600s, the word an influence on the whole. To discredit the "science" meant. all knowledge, whereas scientific determination for the age of the today the word applies to the physical and earth has an influence on the whole body of natural sciences. But that occurrence of scientific knowledge. Common sense dictates "science" in the KJ has an influence on how https://digitalcommons.butler.edu/jhcs/vol10/iss1/10 DOI: 10.7825/2164-6279.1156 2 Winder: Science and Christianity: The Positive Attitude 38 C. Gordon Winder a conservative views science. In the NASB earthquake, great cracks can occur and and other versions, the word is translated as blocks of the land can move vertically. "knowledge" . 6. Structural geology - Zachariah 14:4b - Several authors have written about the "The Mount of Olives will be split in its numerous modern scientific theories and middle from east to west by a very large hypotheses that can be recognized in valley, so that half the mountain will move Scripture, even concepts which have been to the north and the other half to the south". discovered in the last half century. Such This describes the geological mechanism to statements can be deemed prophetic because form a graben, or depressed valley by the authors, writing over 2000 years ago, gravity faulting. lacked any scientific knowledge, instruction, Some earth features suggested in and training. Scripture have been proven wrong by 1. Astronomy - Jeremiah 33:22 - "As the scientific determination. If Scripture suggests host of heaven cannot be counted. " one understanding, and modern science Observations made farther and farther into indicates another, then accept the space reveal more and more galaxies and determination of science as probably correct. stars. 1. Isaiah 11: 12d - "From the four comers 2. Genetics - Gen.31:10 - "the male goats of the earth". This suggests that the earth is which were mating, were striped, speckled, flat. Space probes have proven the earth is and mottled." The selective breeding of a sphere. plants and animals to enhance desirable Job 26: 10 - "He has inscribed a circle features for economic benefit is now a major on the surface of the waters at the boundary industry. The recent cloning of a sheep of light and darkness". A light shining raises the possibility of cloning humans, perpendicularly to a circle drawn on the which causes concern.
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