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Sand Injectites: Implications for Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3815910/9781629810072_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 25 September 2021 Sand Injectites: Implications for Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production Edited by Andrew Hurst Joseph Cartwright AAPG Memoir 87 Published by The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Tulsa, Oklahoma Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3815910/9781629810072_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 25 September 2021 Copyright © 2007 By the American Association of Petroleum Geologists All Rights Reserved ISBN: 978-0-89181-368-2 0-89181-368-3 AAPG grants permission for a single photocopy of an item from this publication for personal use. Authorization for additional copies of items from this publication for personal use is granted by AAPG provided that the base fee of $3.50 per copy and $.50 per page is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, Massachusetts 01923 (phone: 978/750-8400). Fees are subject to change. AAPG Elected Editor: Ernest A. Mancini Geoscience Director: James B. Blankenship On the cover: A strike section (bedding appears approximately horizontal) through the Tierra Loma Shale Member (Upper Cretaceous) of the Moreno Formation (Upper Cretaceous to Lower Paleocene) from Marca Canyon, near Firebaugh, California, U.S.A. All sandstones (pale colors) are dikes from the Panoche Giant Injection Complex and, in this section, are from the upper part of the intrusive complex where dikes dominate. The thickest dike is approximately 5 m (16 ft) thick. Approximately 60 m (197 ft) of stratigraphic section is present in the foreground cliff. Dikes con- tinue in the overlying section for a further 250 m (820 ft) where they terminate close to a paleoseafloor on which sand extrudites and cold carbonate seep communities occur (see Chapter 16 of this volume). The field of view is 300 m (980 ft) wide. Photo is courtesy of Mario Vigorito (http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~wpg010/isghome.php). This publication is available from: The AAPG Bookstore Geological Society Publishing House P.O. Box 979 Unit 7, Brassmill Enterprise Centre Tulsa, OK U.S.A. 74101-0979 Brassmill Lane, Bath BA13JN Phone: 1-918-584-2555 or 1-800-364-AAPG (U.S.A. only) U.K. Fax: 1-918-560-2652 or 1-800-898-2274 (U.S.A. only) Phone: +44-1225-445046 E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +44-1225-442836 www.aapg.org E-mail: [email protected] www.geolsoc.org.uk Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists 600, 640 Eighth Avenue S.W. Affiliated East-West Press Private Ltd. Calgary, Alberta T2P 1G7 G-1/16 Ansari Road, Darya Ganj Canada New Delhi 110 002 Phone: 1-403-264-5610 India Fax: 1-403-264-5898 Phone: +91-11-23279113 E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +91-11-23260538 www.cspg.org E-mail: [email protected] The American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) does not endorse or recommend products or services that may be cited, used, or discussed in AAPG publications or in presentations at events associated with AAPG. Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3815910/9781629810072_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 25 September 2021 Table of Contents ABOUT THE EDITORS . vii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . ix INTRODUCTION RELEVANCE OF SAND INJECTITES TO HYDROCARBON EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION . 1 Andrew Hurst and Joseph Cartwright SUBSURFACE CHAPTER 1 SEISMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF LARGE-SCALE SANDSTONE INTRUSIONS . 21 Mads Huuse, Joe Cartwright, Andrew Hurst, and Noralf Steinsland CHAPTER 2 THE GEOMETRY,DISTRIBUTION, AND DEVELOPMENT OF CLASTIC INJECTIONS IN SLOPE SYSTEMS: SEISMIC EXAMPLES FROM THE UPPER CRETACEOUS KYRRE FORMATION,MÅLØY SLOPE, NORWEGIAN MARGIN . 37 Christopher A.-L. Jackson CHAPTER 3 CLASTIC INTRUSION AT THE BASE OF DEEP-WATER SANDS:A TRAP-FORMING MECHANISM IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN . 49 Jose Frey-Martínez, Joe Cartwright, Ben Hall, and Mads Huuse CHAPTER 4 SUCCESSFUL EXPLORATION OF A SAND INJECTITE COMPLEX:HAMSUN PROSPECT,NORWAY BLOCK 24/9 . 65 Wytze de Boer, Peter B. Rawlinson, and Andrew Hurst CHAPTER 5 MOUNDED STRUCTURES OF INJECTED SANDSTONES IN DEEP-MARINE PALEOCENE RESERVOIRS, CECILIE FIELD,DENMARK . 69 L. Hamberg, A.-M. Jepsen, N. Ter Borch, G. Dam, M. K. Engkilde, and J. B. Svendsen CHAPTER 6 SANDSTONE INJECTIONS AT JOTUN OIL FIELD,NORWEGIAN NORTH SEA—MODELING THEIR POSSIBLE EFFECT ON HYDROCARBON RECOVERY . 81 Claudia G. Guargena, Guy B. Smith, Jonathan Wardell, Tor H. Nilsen, and Tor M. Hegre CHAPTER 7 RECOGNITION CRITERIA,SIGNIFICANCE TO FIELD PERFORMANCE, AND RESERVOIR MODELING OF SAND INJECTIONS IN THE BALDER FIELD,NORTH SEA . 91 Nowell A. Briedis, Dag Bergslien, Andor Hjellbakk, Rob E. Hill, and Gordon J. Moir iii Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3815910/9781629810072_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 25 September 2021 CHAPTER 8 THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY OF SANDSTONE INJECTION COMPLEXES IN THE GRYPHON FIELD, UNITED KINGDOM NORTH SEA . 103 Lidia Lonergan, Claudio Borlandelli, Ashley Taylor, Mark Quine, and Kevin Flanagan CHAPTER 9 SAND-INJECTION STRUCTURES IN DEEP-WATER SANDSTONES FROM THE TY FORMATION (PALEOCENE), SLEIPNER ØST FIELD,NORWEGIAN NORTH SEA . 113 Nicholas Satur and Andrew Hurst CHAPTER 10 A NEW APPROACH TO 3-D GEOLOGICAL MODELING OF COMPLEX SAND INJECTITE RESERVOIRS: THE ALBA FIELD,UNITED KINGDOM CENTRAL NORTH SEA . 119 P. N. Fretwell, W. Gordon Canning, J. Hegre, R. Labourdette, and M. Sweatman THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS CHAPTER 11 LARGE-SCALE SAND INJECTION IN THE PALEOGENE OF THE NORTH SEA:MODELING OF ENERGY AND FLOW VELOCITIES . 129 Davide Duranti OUTCROP ANALOGS CHAPTER 12 THE UPPER JURASSIC HAREELV FORMATION OF EAST GREENLAND:A GIANT SEDIMENTARY INJECTION COMPLEX . 141 Finn Surlyk, John Gjelberg, and Nanna Noe-Nygaard CHAPTER 13 A RESERVOIR-SCALE MIOCENE INJECTITE NEAR SANTA CRUZ,CALIFORNIA . 151 Brian J. Thompson, Robert E. Garrison, and J. Casey Moore CHAPTER 14 THE VOCONTIAN APTIAN AND ALBIAN SYNDEPOSITIONAL CLASTIC SILLS AND DIKES: A FIELD-BASED MECHANICAL APPROACH TO PREDICT AND MODEL THE EARLY FRACTURING OF MARLY-LIMY SEDIMENTS . 163 Olivier Parize, Bernard Beaudoin, Sylvain Eckert, Faouzi Hadj-Hassen, Michel Tijani, Chantal de Fouquet, Rosalie Vandromme, Gérard Friès, Frédéric Schneider, Kun Su, and Alain Trouiller CHAPTER 15 A METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO CLASTIC INJECTITES:FROM FIELD ANALYSIS TO SEISMIC MODELING—EXAMPLES OF THE VOCONTIAN APTIAN AND ALBIAN INJECTITES (SOUTHEAST FRANCE) . 173 Olivier Parize, Bernard Beaudoin, Jean-Michel Champanhet, Gérard Friès, Patrice Imbert, Richard Labourdette, Benoît Paternoster, Jean-Loup Rubino, and Frédéric Schneider CHAPTER 16 AN EARLY PALEOCENE COLD SEEP SYSTEM IN THE PANOCHE AND TUMEY HILLS, CENTRAL CALIFORNIA (UNITED STATES) . 185 Daniel Minisini and Hilde Schwartz iv Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3815910/9781629810072_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 25 September 2021 CHAPTER 17 AN OUTCROP EXAMPLE OF LARGE-SCALE CONGLOMERATIC INTRUSIONS SOURCED FROM DEEP-WATER CHANNEL DEPOSITS,CERRO TORO FORMATION,MAGALLANES BASIN,SOUTHERN CHILE . 199 Stephen M. Hubbard, Brian W. Romans, and Stephan A. Graham CHAPTER 18 AN OUTCROP STUDY OF CLASTIC INJECTION STRUCTURES IN THE CARBONIFEROUS TESNUS FORMATION, MARATHON BASIN,TRANS-PECOS TEXAS . 209 Timothy N. Diggs CHAPTER 19 VARIATIONS IN SEDIMENT EXTRUSION IN BASIN-FLOOR,SLOPE, AND DELTA-FRONT SETTINGS: SAND VOLCANOES AND EXTRUDED SAND SHEETS FROM THE NAMURIAN OF COUNTY CLARE,IRELAND . 221 R. Jonk, B. T. Cronin, and A. Hurst CHAPTER 20 SAND VOLCANOES OF THE CARBONIFEROUS ROSS FORMATION,COUNTY CLARE,WESTERN IRELAND: 3-D INTERNAL SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURE AND FORMATION . 227 J. K. Pringle, A. R. Westerman, D. A. Stanbrook, D. I. Tatum, and A. R. Gardiner CHAPTER 21 CLASTIC-INJECTION PIPES AND SYNDEPOSITIONAL DEFORMATION STRUCTURES IN JURASSIC EOLIAN DEPOSITS: EXAMPLES FROM THE COLORADO PLATEAU . 233 Marjorie Chan, Dennis Netoff, Ronald Blakey, Gary Kocurek, and Walter Alvarez CHAPTER 22 FLUIDIZATION AND ASSOCIATED SOFT-SEDIMENT DEFORMATION IN EOLIAN SANDSTONES: HOPEMAN SANDSTONE (PERMIAN), SCOTLAND, AND ROTLIEGEND,NORTH SEA . 245 Ken Glennie and Andrew Hurst CHAPTER 23 INJECTED SAND SILLS IN A STRIKE-SLIP FAULT ZONE:A CASE STUDY FROM THE PIL’SK SUITE (MIOCENE), SOUTHEAST SCHMIDT PENINSULA,SAKHALIN . 253 David Macdonald and Rachel Flecker CHAPTER 24 AQUEOUS AND PETROLEUM FLUIDS ASSOCIATED WITH SAND INJECTITES HOSTED BY LACUSTRINE SHALES FROM THE OIL-SHALE GROUP (DINANTIAN), MIDLAND VALLEY,SCOTLAND . 265 R. Jonk, D. Duranti, A. Hurst, J. Parnell, and A. E. Fallick v Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3815910/9781629810072_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 25 September 2021 About the Editors Andrew Hurst holds the Chair of Production Geoscience at the University of Aberdeen to which he was appointed in 1992. He holds a B.Sc. in Geology and Mineralogy from the University of Aberdeen and a Ph.D. from the University of Reading. He has more than 12 years experience in the international oil and gas exploration and production industry with Statoil and Unocal. Since joining academia, he has taught undergraduate and post-graduate courses in sedimentology, and oil and gas exploration and production. His current research focuses on the discovery and development of deep-water reservoirs, sand injectites, shallow-crustal processes including sediment fluidization, non-destructive analysis of porous media, and prediction of rock physical parameters. He retains a close working relationship with the oil industry, works to raise the profile of earth science in the community at large, and is committed to science and technology transfer. Presently he is leading exploHUB, a regional exploration training initiative at the University of Aberdeen. Joe Cartwright is a Research Professor at Cardiff University. He graduated with a B.A. in Geology from Oxford University in 1980, worked for Shell International as an exploration geophysicist from 1980 –1984, and then returned to Oxford for his D.Phil. on rift systems under the supervision of Harold Reading (1988). He was at Imperial College as a Senior Lecturer until 1999, and was appointed Honorary Professor of the Insitut Francais du Petrole in 1998. He is Director of the 3-D Lab in Cardiff.
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