Study of Ephesians

Pastor Trey Graham Week 2 of 8 Class Schedule

Week 1 – March 21, 2018 Week 5 – April 18 Lesson topic: Intro to the and intro to the author Lesson topic: Ephesians chapter 3 of the Book of Ephesians Admin: turn in chapter 3 test; take home chapter 4 test Admin: receive writing assignment and explanation of Week 6 – April 25 tests, do week 1 test in class, take home week 2 test Lesson topic: Ephesians chapter 4 Week 2 – March 28 Admin: turn in chapter 4 test; take home chapter 5 test Lesson topic: Intro to the City of Week 7 – May 2 Admin: turn in week 2 test, take home chapter 1 test Lesson topic: Ephesians chapter 5 Week 3 – April 4 Admin: writing assignment due; turn in chapter 5 test; Lesson topic: Ephesians chapter 1 take home chapter 6 test Admin: turn in chapter 1 test; take home chapter 2 test Week 8 – May 9 Week 4 – April 11 Lesson topic: Ephesians chapter 6 Lesson topic: Ephesians chapter 2 Admin: turn in chapter 6 test; take final written exam Admin: turn in chapter 2 test; take home chapter 3 test

This Semester

Writing assignment • Should have chosen topic last week (see handout) • Continue reading and researching this week • Final paper due in class #7 on May 2 Tonight’s Class

Week 2 – March 28, 2018

Lesson topic: Intro to the City of Ephesus

Admin: turn in week 2 test, take home chapter 1 test

Questions from Last Week

Apocrypha

Languages Introduction to the City of Ephesus • Ephesus was a sea coast capital city in Western Asia, the area of modern Turkey, located at the mouth of the Cayster River between Smyrna and Miletus. “Having dedicated a sacred precinct to Rome and Caesar in 29 BC, Ephesus enjoyed the height of its prosperity in the first and second centuries AD as the fourth largest city in the Empire.” Paul visited this city on his second and third missionary journeys. • The famous temple of Dianna, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, was built in Ephesus. The Latin name Dianna equates to the Greek name of the same deity, Artemis. In this temple, the Ephesians worshiped the goddess Artemis, the patron saint of hunting, nature, and fertility. The temple held an image of the goddess Artemis, probably made from a meteorite (see :35 “a sacred stone that fell from the sky”). The temple, according to its ruins, was 239’ wide and 418’ long, four times the size of the Parthenon in Athens. • A religious center, hot bed of cults and superstitions. Sources: Harper’s Bible Dictionary and Bible Knowledge Commentary

Location of Ephesus on ancient map Location of Ephesus on modern map 3rd Missionary Journey of the Apostle Paul ca. 53-57 AD Source: https://www.conformingtojesus.com/charts-maps/en/paul's_letters-journeys_chart.htm

Recipients • The people of Ephesus first met the apostle Paul as he traveled through their city on his second and third missionary journeys. Though he probably did not begin the Christian work in Ephesus, Paul certainly hastened the spread of the message as he preached and taught in the local synagogue. Prior to Paul’s arrival, however, other Christian leaders began to teach and evangelize in Ephesus. • In :24-28, Luke describes the arrival in Ephesus of , an eloquent Jewish orator who had preached to the Jewish believers. Apollos, though he had a thorough knowledge of the Old Testament scriptures, “knew only the baptism of John” (Acts 18:25), meaning that he did not preach that salvation comes only through faith and trust in the crucified . Priscilla and Aquilla, a tentmaking couple who assisted Paul in his ministry, helped Apollos understand the truth of the gospel message. Apollos then traveled to the city of Corinth, where he ministered to the believing Jews and evangelized the unbelieving Jews. • In Acts 19:1, “Paul having passed through the upper country came to Ephesus, and found some disciples,” the followers of John and Apollos. The Ephesians failed to see Christ as the object of their faith, but mixed the fundamentals of Christian doctrine with influences from pagan religions. Once they understood that Christ was the Messiah in whom they were to place their faith, they received Christian baptism. After Paul had preached for three months in the synagogue in Ephesus, “some were becoming hardened and disobedient, speaking evil of the Way before the multitude” (Act 19:9 NAS). This resistance to his message forced Paul to withdraw to a lecture hall used by a teacher whose name was Tyrannus, meaning “tyrant.” • Paul preached for two years from this school, healing people and casting out demons. Ephesus was a religious center and therefore a hotbed for cults and superstitions. In Acts 19:14-16, the seven sons of a Jewish high priest named Sceva attempted to cast out demons by using the name of Jesus. But, the evil spirit confessed that he knew both Jesus and Paul, but did not know the sons of Sceva. Under demonic influence, the possessed man became violent and attacked Sceva’s sons. • This incident produced fear and respect for Jesus among superstitious people, and many abandoned pagan and occult practices by publicly burning magical books and collections of curses. “Many also of those who had believed kept coming, confessing and disclosing their practices” (Acts 19:18 NAS). Recipients • In Acts 19:23-41, an incident demonstrated the rapid spread of the gospel message throughout the city of Ephesus. Demetrius, a silversmith who made statues of the goddess Artemis, protested that Paul’s preaching led people to deny the existence of man-made idols, thus lowering his profits and hurting his business. The artisans whose profits were reduced by this revival of Christianity acted as if this was a religious issue, but in reality they were upset at being hurt financially. • After this trouble settled, Paul left Ephesus for Macedonia. Paul had been in Ephesus for nearly three years, from approximately AD 54-57. Then, about five years later, Paul writes a letter to his friends in the church of Ephesus, and this letter is carried from his Roman prison to the Ephesians by (Eph. 6:21-22). • Dr. Lea writes that “some have suggested that Ephesians was originally a circular letter, sent perhaps to churches throughout Asia. The church at Ephesus kept a copy of this letter without an address. As time passed, readers outside of Ephesus might have assumed that Ephesus had initially received the letter.” Some scholars also have theorized that the letter “from Laodicea” mentioned in Colossians 4:16 might actually be the letter to the Ephesians as it traveled from city to city. However, Lea effectively refutes this argument when he states, “If Ephesians was originally written as a circular letter, however, it is strange that it would contain very personal references to Paul’s contact with Ephesus (see Eph. 3:13). Such personal touches would not be expected in a general circular letter.”

Acts 18 - 21 regions

cities

Mentioned in Acts 18-21 After these things he (Paul) left Athens and went to Corinth. And he found a Jew named Aquila, a native of Pontus, having recently come from Italy with his wife Priscilla, because Claudius had commanded all the Jews to leave Rome. He came to them, and because he was of the same trade, he stayed with them and they were working, for by trade they were tent-makers. And he was reasoning in the synagogue every Sabbath and trying to persuade Jews and Greeks. But when and Timothy came down from Macedonia, Paul began devoting himself completely to the word, solemnly testifying to the Jews that Jesus was the Christ. But when they resisted and blasphemed, he shook out his garments and said to them, “Your blood be on your own heads! I am clean. From now on I will go to the Gentiles.” Then he left there and went to the house of a man named Titius Justus, a worshiper of God, whose house was next to the synagogue. Crispus, the leader of the synagogue, believed in the Lord with all his household, and many of the Corinthians when they heard were believing and being baptized. And the Lord said to Paul in the night by a vision, “Do not be afraid any longer, but go on speaking and do not be silent; for I am with you, and no man will attack you in order to harm you, for I have many people in this city.” And he settled there a year and six months, teaching the word of God among them. Acts 18:1-11 But while Gallio was proconsul of Achaia, the Jews with one accord rose up against Paul and brought him before the judgment seat, saying, “This man persuades men to worship God contrary to the law.” But when Paul was about to open his mouth, Gallio said to the Jews, “If it were a matter of wrong or of vicious crime, O Jews, it would be reasonable for me to put up with you; but if there are questions about words and names and your own law, look after it yourselves; I am unwilling to be a judge of these matters.” And he drove them away from the judgment seat. And they all took hold of , the leader of the synagogue, and began beating him in front of the judgment seat. But Gallio was not concerned about any of these things. Acts 18:12-17

• The Jews charged Paul with persuading the people to worship God in ways contrary to the Roman law. Rome did not permit the propagation of new religions. Judaism was an accepted and established belief. These Jews were saying in effect that Christianity was a new and different cult, distinct from Judaism. • However, Gallio saw it differently. To him Christianity came under the aegis of Judaism and therefore was not a matter to be settled in a civil court. This decision was crucial for it was tantamount to legitimatizing Christianity in the eyes of Roman law. -Bible Knowledge Commentary Paul, having remained many days longer, took leave of the brethren [after about 18 months in Corinth*] and put out to sea for Syria, and with him were . In Cenchrea he had his hair cut, for he was keeping a vow. They came to Ephesus, and he left them there. Now he himself entered the synagogue and reasoned with the Jews. When they asked him to stay for a longer time, he did not consent, but taking leave of them and saying, “I will return to you again if God wills,” he set sail from Ephesus. When he had landed at Caesarea [on the Mediterranean coast in Israel], he went up and greeted the church [in ], and went down to Antioch. Acts 18:18-22

*While in Corinth, Paul wrote 1 and 2 Thessalonians Third Missionary Journey And having spent some time there, he left and passed successively through the Galatian region and Phrygia, strengthening all the disciples. Now a Jew named Apollos, an Alexandrian [] by birth, an eloquent man, came to Ephesus; and he was mighty in the Scriptures [Old Testament]. This man had been instructed in the way of the Lord; and being fervent in spirit, he was speaking and teaching accurately the things concerning Jesus, being acquainted only with the baptism of John; and he began to speak out boldly in the synagogue. But when Priscilla and Aquila heard him, they took him aside and explained to him the way of God more accurately. And when he wanted to go across to Achaia [across the Aegean Sea], the brethren encouraged him and wrote to the disciples to welcome him; and when he had arrived, he greatly helped those who had believed through grace, for he powerfully refuted the Jews in public, demonstrating by the Scriptures that Jesus was the Christ [Messiah]. Acts 18:23-28 It happened that while Apollos was at Corinth, Paul passed through the upper country and came to Ephesus, and found some disciples [of Jesus]. He said to them, “Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you believed?” And they said to him, “No, we have not even heard whether there is a Holy Spirit.” And he said, “Into what then were you baptized?” And they said, “Into John’s baptism.” Paul said, “John baptized with the baptism of repentance, telling the people to believe in Him who was coming after him, that is, in Jesus.” When they heard this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.* And when Paul had laid his hands upon them, the Holy Spirit came on them, and they began speaking with tongues and prophesying. There were in all about twelve men. And he entered the synagogue [in Ephesus] and continued speaking out boldly for three months, reasoning and persuading them about the kingdom of God. But when some were becoming hardened and disobedient, speaking evil of the Way before the people, he withdrew from them and took away the disciples, reasoning daily in the school [lecture hall] of Tyrannus. This took place for two years, so that all who lived in Asia heard the word of the Lord, both Jews and Greeks. Acts 19:1-10

*Only incident in the of “re-baptism” Miracles at Ephesus God was performing extraordinary miracles by the hands of Paul, so that handkerchiefs or aprons were even carried from his body to the sick, and the diseases left them and the evil spirits went out. But also some of the Jewish exorcists, who went from place to place, attempted to name over those who had the evil spirits the name of the Lord Jesus, saying, “I adjure you by Jesus whom Paul preaches.” Seven sons of one Sceva, a Jewish chief priest, were doing this. And the evil spirit answered and said to them, “I recognize Jesus, and I know about Paul, but who are you?” And the man, in whom was the evil spirit, leaped on them and subdued all of them and overpowered them, so that they fled out of that house naked and wounded. This became known to all, both Jews and Greeks, who lived in Ephesus; and fear fell upon them all and the name of the Lord Jesus was being magnified. Acts 19:11-17

Some significance may be attached to the variation in the Greek verbs for “know” used here by the evil spirit (i.e., the demon). He said, Jesus I know (ginōsko, “to know by interaction and experience”), and he added, Paul I know about (epistamai, “to know about, to understand”). But the demon did not know Sceva’s sons. – Bible Knowledge Commentary Many also of those who had believed kept coming, confessing and disclosing their practices [probably magical spells and formulas]. And many of those who practiced magic brought their books together and began burning them in the sight of everyone; and they counted up the price of them and found it fifty thousand pieces of silver. So the word of the Lord was growing mightily and prevailing. Now after these things were finished, Paul purposed in the Spirit to go to Jerusalem after he had passed through Macedonia and Achaia, saying, “After I have been there, I must also see Rome.” And having sent into Macedonia two of those who ministered to him, Timothy and Erastus, he himself stayed in Asia for a while. Acts 19:18-22

*What am I willing to lose or give up when I follow Jesus? About that time there occurred no small disturbance concerning the Way. For a man named Demetrius, a silversmith, who made silver shrines of Artemis, was bringing no little business to the craftsmen; these he gathered together with the workmen of similar trades, and said, “Men, you know that our prosperity depends upon this business. You see and hear that not only in Ephesus, but in almost all of Asia, this Paul has persuaded and turned away a considerable number of people, saying that gods made with hands are no gods at all. Not only is there danger that this trade of ours fall into disrepute, but also that the temple of the great goddess Artemis be regarded as worthless and that she whom all of Asia and the world worship will even be dethroned from her magnificence.” Acts 19:23-27 *One of the earliest designations for the emerging Christian community appears to have been that of followers of ‘the Way’ When they heard this and were filled with rage, they began crying out, saying, “Great is Artemis of the Ephesians!” The city was filled with the confusion, and they rushed with one accord into the theater [seating capacity of about 25,000], dragging along and Aristarchus, Paul’s traveling companions from Macedonia. And when Paul wanted to go into the assembly, the disciples [of Jesus] would not let him. Also some of the Asiarchs [“rulers of Asia” - in charge of the community’s political and religious welfare] who were friends of his sent to him and repeatedly urged him not to venture into the theater. So then, some were shouting one thing and some another, for the assembly was in confusion and the majority did not know for what reason they had come together. Some of the crowd concluded it was , since the Jews had put him forward; and having motioned with his hand, Alexander was intending to make a defense to the assembly. But when they recognized that he was a Jew, a single outcry arose from them all as they shouted for about two hours, “Great is Artemis of the Ephesians!” Acts 19:28-34 After quieting the crowd, the town clerk [chief executive officer of the city] said, “Men of Ephesus, what man is there after all who does not know that the city of the Ephesians is guardian of the temple of the great Artemis and of the image which fell down from heaven? So, since these are undeniable facts, you ought to keep calm and to do nothing rash. For you have brought these men here who are neither robbers of temples nor blasphemers of our goddess. So then, if Demetrius and the craftsmen who are with him have a complaint against any man, the courts are in session and proconsuls are available; let them bring charges against one another. But if you want anything beyond this, it shall be settled in the lawful assembly. For indeed we are in danger of being accused of a riot in connection with today’s events, since there is no real cause for it, and in this connection we will be unable to account [to Roman empire] for this disorderly gathering.” After saying this he dismissed the assembly. Acts 19:35-41

*While Paul was at Ephesus, he wrote 1 Corinthians as well as an earlier letter to the Corinthians that is not part of the biblical canon (cf. 1 Cor. 5:9). – Bible Knowledge Commentary After the uproar had ceased, Paul sent for the disciples, and when he had exhorted them and taken his leave of them, he left [Ephesus] to go to Macedonia. When he had gone through those districts and had given them much exhortation, he came to Greece. And there he spent three months*, and when a plot was formed against him by the Jews as he was about to set sail for Syria, he decided to return through Macedonia. And he was accompanied by of Berea, the son of Pyrrhus, and by Aristarchus and Secundus of the Thessalonians, and Gaius of Derbe, and Timothy, and Tychicus and of Asia. But these had gone on ahead and were waiting for us at Troas. We sailed from Philippi after the days of Unleavened Bread, and came to them at Troas within five days; and there we [Luke had joined Paul’s group] stayed seven days. :1-6

*During the apostle’s three-month stay in Achaia he wrote Romans (Romans 15:23–16:2) from Corinth. On the first day of the week, when we were gathered together to break bread, Paul began talking to them, intending to leave the next day, and he prolonged his message until midnight. There were many lamps in the upper room where we were gathered together. And there was a young man named sitting on the window sill, sinking into a deep sleep; and as Paul kept on talking, he was overcome by sleep and fell down from the third floor and was picked up dead. But Paul went down and fell upon him, and after embracing him, he said, “Do not be troubled, for his life is in him.” When he had gone back up and had broken the bread and eaten, he talked with them a long while until daybreak, and then left. They took away the boy alive, and were greatly comforted. But we, going ahead to the ship, set sail for Assos, intending from there to take Paul on board; for so he had arranged it, intending himself to go by land. And when he met us at Assos, we took him on board and came to Mitylene. Sailing from there, we arrived the following day opposite Chios; and the next day we crossed over to Samos; and the day following we came to Miletus [30 miles south of Ephesus]. For Paul had decided to sail past Ephesus so that he would not have to spend time in Asia; for he was hurrying to be in Jerusalem, if possible, on the day of . Acts 20:7-16 From Miletus he sent to Ephesus and called to him the elders of the church. And when they had come to him, he said to them, “You yourselves know, from the first day that I set foot in Asia, how I was with you the whole time [three years], serving the Lord with all humility and with tears and with trials which came upon me through the plots of the Jews; how I did not shrink from declaring to you anything that was profitable, and teaching you publicly and from house to house, solemnly testifying to both Jews and Greeks of repentance toward God and faith in our Lord Jesus Christ. And now, behold, bound by the Spirit, I am on my way to Jerusalem, not knowing what will happen to me there, except that the Holy Spirit solemnly testifies to me in every city, saying that bonds and afflictions await me. But I do not consider my life of any account as dear to myself, so that I may finish my course and the ministry which I received from the Lord Jesus, to testify solemnly of the gospel of the grace of God.” Acts 20:17-24 “And now, behold, I know that all of you, among whom I went about preaching the kingdom, will no longer see my face. Therefore, I testify to you this day that I am innocent of the blood of all men [in Ephesus]. For I did not shrink from declaring to you the whole purpose of God. Be on guard for yourselves and for all the flock, among which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers, to shepherd the church of God which He purchased with His own blood. I know that after my departure savage wolves [false teachers] will come in among you, not sparing the flock; and from among your own selves men will arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away the disciples after them. Therefore be on the alert, remembering that night and day for a period of three years I did not cease to admonish each one with tears. And now I commend you to God and to the word of His grace, which is able to build you up and to give you the inheritance among all those who are sanctified. I have coveted no one’s silver or gold or clothes. You yourselves know that these hands ministered to my own needs and to the men who were with me. In everything I showed you that by working hard in this manner you must help the weak and remember the words of the Lord Jesus, that He Himself said, ‘It is more blessed to give than to receive.’ ” When he had said these things, he knelt down and prayed with them all. And they began to weep aloud and embraced Paul, and repeatedly kissed him, grieving especially over the word which he had spoken, that they would not see his face again. And they were accompanying him to the ship. Acts 20:25-38 When we had parted from them and had set sail, we ran a straight course to Cos and the next day to Rhodes and from there to Patara; and having found a ship crossing over to Phoenicia, we went aboard and set sail. :1-2 Now… The Book of Ephesians

Next week, we begin to read the letter that Paul writes to his friends in Ephesus with whom he had spent 3 years involved in gospel ministry.

The Book of Ephesians is not a letter written to strangers, but to Christian brothers and sisters from their spiritual mentor. Week 2 Test – Your Homework from last class

Take out now and let’s review Homework for next class

1. Read Ephesians chapter 1 2. Complete Ephesians chapter 1 Test Take home tonight and bring back next week Tests ARE open Bible Tests ARE NOT open Google or open friends 3. Keep working on writing assignment You are Invited…

Good Friday at 6:30 pm

Easter Sunday at 7:45, 9:00, 10:15, 11:30 am