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X^U^-%\ STREET and NUMBER: Oregon TE; ^ SEP & ? Yadr CITY OR TOWN: STA \~^\

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X^U^-%\ STREET and NUMBER: Oregon TE; ^ SEP & ? Yadr CITY OR TOWN: STA \~^\ Form 10-300 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STATE: (Rev. 6-72) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Oregon COUNTY: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Lake INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY DATE (Type all entries - complete applicable sections) ,„„„„„„„ $flV 8W4 mmmrniiiSmimmmmmimi^^^ COMMON: Stone Bridge and the Oregon Central Military Wagon Road AND/OR HISTORIC: »:«::^":--:';|£:ii**^"i:flP: j:/Vkj:; x;;:::''::::: .'' : : '. x : x : x ::":'x:: : X'X ;:: x : :'x^ x: : : ; .-x :x : : : .: : : . :: : x x: x :x : : : x : ; :x : xXxX;X : x : : x : :: x : x :: : : ": x^i'x'^x-x'x^xXyx-. -.- • .'••-:'••' -: . : ' : : : : : :':'.'x: : : : : -x-X; '•:'••':'-:' |:i*:ij:;:::::;|i^wfc:!^ '^;::: :>: : ':'"':':-x" :; x :. ; : ;:' :: :-x : x': ; x : :'x ^'x'^:^:':":^^:^:^'!:;^;:^:::::^::^:::;:-::::::;:;::';:::!!:::'. -'"x^x^x'x' - -i^x^x'^x'^x'o ' ;: x' STREET AND NUMBER: The Narrows ^ o*f ili+Sh Represrentattve A1 Tmman ISSIONAU DISTRICT: CITY OR TOWN: COhTCRE Oregon Second Plush- vicinity Ccmgressional District STA TE CODE COUNTY ' CODE Oregon 41 Lake 037 |i^liiiliii;i^i;£>i: • ;: •;•. • w^^tfE: --: *• :---;. •£ ^:: ;liH: •; I; I: ;:;:::;;;"l;l;ii::::;::^t-:v;::g:|i!lil:i|!: STATUS ACCESSIBLE CATEGORY OWNERSHIP (Check One) TO THE PUBLIC Q District Q Building S Public Public Acquisition: n Occupied Yes: r~n . PI Restricted D Site g] Structure D Private Q In Process t*i] Unoccupied d i — in i S Unrestricted [ —| Object | | Both [ | Being Considere 1 _1 Preservation work in progress ' — ' PRESENT USE (Check One or More as Appropriate) [j£] Agricultural | | Government [ | Park CD Transportation CD Comments Q Commercial CD Industrial Q Private Residence 5f| Other (Spec.ity) CD Educational 1 1 Military | | Religious Recreational CD Entertainment 1 1 Museum | | Scientific liiiiiiNi;j£;:ip::p&$r*l&^^ OWNER'S NAME: STATE See Continuation Sheet x^u^-%\ STREET AND NUMBER: Oregon TE; ^ SEP & ? yADr CITY OR TOWN: STA \~^\. NATIONAI 1 ~" / j$i;i;$lil&$f^ COURTHOUSE. REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC: V/>\ c " ,<*? COUNTY: See Continuation Sheet V&Vry- p^-a'V7 Lake STREET AND NUMBER: ^^^ CITY OR TOWN: STA TE CODE IpiipililfpNliiM TITLE OF SURVEY: ENTR Statewide Inventory of H^stor^c ?^tep ^nd Buildings - I Tl D NUMBERY O DATE OF SURVEY: 1QJQ CD Federal g State CD County CD Loco < »- 73 DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS: 2 TJ (/> Park^ and ^ecreatl^n Se-ct£on f 30 c c/> STREET AND NUMBER: m O Oregon State Highway Building 1 r~z CITY OR TOWN: STA TE: CODE -< Salem Oregon Q7^10 A1_ jDATE (Check One) G Excellent Q Good Fair G Deteriorated Ruins [I] Unexposed CONDITION (Check One) (Check One) G Altered JX] Unaltered G Moved pE] Original Site DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (if known) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE The structure commonly referred to as "Stone Bridge" is actually a causeway nearly a quarter mile long across a narrow swampy neck between Hart Lake and Crump Lake £n the Warner Lakes chain near Lakeview in Ore- gon*s southr-central high desert country. Wide enough to accommodate a horse—drawn wagon, it is commonly thought to be the causeway built by the U. S. Army between March 16 and July 24, 1867, during a period of Indian unrest in the area. About forty men were involved in the construction. Construction was accomplished by the simple method of hauling bould­ ers from nearby Hart Mountain and dumping them into the swamp. The ex­ tensive length, of the- causeway and the poor soil bearing conditions would have made this an extensive- construction project in an area yet unsettled by white men. The causeway was probably several feet above the Narrows 00 water level when it was built, but the stones have since sunk into the rn muddy bottom making the causeway difficult to find, as it is inundated mos of the time. After it was abandoned by the Army when it left the area in rn 1874, Stone Bridge was means by which the Oregon Central Military Wagon Road crossed the Warner Lakes chain, and after the Military Road fell into disuse, it was u&ed for many years as a cattle crossing by local ranchers. It can still be used for a crossing today at times when the Narrows water oo level is very low. Though inundated most of the time, its location is marked by the absence of swamp vegitation. in 1971, Troop 95, Boy Scouts 70 of America, Lakeview, Oregon, erected a marker and constructed a stone path at the east end of the bridge, where construction was originally be­ n gun. Traces of the old Oregon Central Military Wagon Road are still in o evidence today. A particularly identifiable segment extends several miles -z. west from the Stone Bridge as wheel tracks winding across the stoney sage­ brush terrain and used by ranchers and occasional recreationalists. This oo segment is probably in as good a condition today as when the road was com­ pleted in 1872, because the "road" was little more than a perfunctory tracL across the vast desert of central Oregon. It was poorly maintained and was never much used, The nominated segment of the Oregon Central Military Wagon Road is on public land managed by the Bureau of Land Management. The State of Oregon claims the Stone Bridge site through riparian right. PERIOD (Check One or More as Appropriate) n Pre-Columbian 1, Q 16th Century n 18th Century 20th Century n 15th Century D 17th Century |T| 19th Century SPECIFIC DATE(s) (If Applicable and Known) 1867—1872 AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE (Check One or More as Appropriate) Aboriginal | | Education ( | Political I| Urban Planning Q3 Prehistoric | | Engineering D Religion/Phi- n Other CSpec//y; Q3 Historic | | Industry losophy [~~1 Agriculture | | Invention Q^l Science | | Architecture I| Landscape I I Sculpture D Art Architecture | | Social/Human­ [~~1 Commerce I I Literature itarian [ | Communications JX] Military Q Theater [ | Conservation n Music |S1 Transportation STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The Stone Bridge in Lake County is thought to be the first structure built by white men in the. south^central part of Oregon, which llue to the high, desert terrain, harsh climate, and the presence of marauding North­ ern piute and Modoc Indians, was not settled until the 1870s, a genera­ tion later than the western portion of the state had been settled. Early in 1866, the 14th Infantry Regiment from Fort Boise in Idaho Territory was ordered to establish a new post near Honey Creek several u miles west of the Warner Lakes in south-central Oregon, at a site which ID had been previously selected by a scouting party from Fort Vancouver in Washington Territory, Arriving from the east by way of Fort Harney in eastern Oregon in late summer, the soldiers found that they were unable to penetrate the chain of lakes and swamps known as Warner *s Lakes with their wagons and equipment. Therefore, they established a camp about seven miles east of the lakes. Following several skirmishes with the Indians in September and October, the troops spent a difficult winter LLI in the new camp. It has been reported that on several nights the entire company had to march £n a circle on the parade ground lest they freeze UJ to death.; one seorgeant became lost in a blizzard and died. en The 14th Infantry was replaced by the 23rd Infantry early in 1867. General George Crook visited-Camp Warner in late February and concurred in the decision that the barrier formed by Warner Lakes seriously impeded operations against the Indians and that the camp would be more advantage­ ously located at the site originally selected on the other side. To this end on March 15, 1867, Capt. James Henton and 40 men were ordered "to the crossing of Warner*s Lakes for the purpose of building a bridge across said lake/* Another party was dispatched on May 31 to start construction of the new camp on the west side. The bridge across the lakes are re­ ported completed by July 24, In addition to giving the soldiers greater flexibility in their operations against the Indians, the bridge connected Camp Warner wit& Fort Harney and other military establishments to the east. Indian trouble was alleviated in the area within two years when a major band was trapped at Dormer und Blitzen in the Steens Mountains in 1868^69, a treaty was signed and Camp Warner was abandoned in 1874. (continued) 0s Leslie Shaw, "Crook Severs Warner ya. Lley Gordjuan Knott/' Lake County Examiner (Lake-view, Oregon) , Ju.Ly 20, 1967, p, 2. Leslie Shaw, Program* Lake County Fa,tr and Round-up , (Lakeview , Oregon , Lake County Examiner) 1968 and 1970. LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE COORDINATES LATITUDE AND LONGIT-JDE COORDINATES DEFINING A RECTANGLE LOCATING THE PROPERTY 3 DEFINING THu. t-ti\iT2.R POIN 1 OF A PROPERTY D OF LESS THAN TFN ACRES —————————. ————————————————————————— ———————————————————————— CORNER LATITUDE LONGITUDE LATITUDE LONGITUDE Degrees Minutes Secprids Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds NW 42 o 21, 21. 119 o 50 , 47. O » • o • » NE 42 o 21- 21- 119 o 50 - 08. SE 42 o 20- 55- 119 o 50 . 08. sw 42= 20- 55- 119 o 50 • 47- APPROXIMATE ACREAGE OF NOMINATED PROPERTY: 243 ^--"T ——— 1 —— |LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR ^^^^^--kAjjfl^A&iES m STATE: CODE COUNTY /X.\ ' /^ ^J^ ^ /^\ CODE /^y "LCtiVEH \tj$\ rn STATE: CODE COUNTY: /(/ -*~~7si7 &'£*£>^i fO ^ it V"V" — \ \ CODE 'T^j &/ 4 i ~~ ' STATE: CODE COUNTY: ^\ ^TlQhlAt i^i CODE \&\ ^EtilSTFFt ^? STATE: CODE COUNTY: \^/X sC^ty' CODE ^ ^TTrrTtQ \X TO C NAME AND Tl TLE: Paul B. Hartwig, Park Historian, and D. W. Powers III, Temporary Assistant n ORGANIZATION DATE Oregon State Highway Division August 13, 1974 STREET AND NUMBER: State Highway Building CITY OR TOWN: STATE CODE Salem Oregon 97310 41 •liiiiil^^ As the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na­ I hereby certify that this property is included in the tional Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law National Register.
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