DOCSLIB.ORG

Technovation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Technovation A DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENT MAGAZINE 100 ` 106, 2018 YOU SSUE and Y VOL. I 18, APH G’nY SINCE 2001 GEOGR Technovation SCIENCE BOLSTERINGBOLSTERING THETHE ECONOMY Funding for science Tiles for homes from waste plastic Adding value to jute bio-waste Rural India’s new refrigerator Glow paint for preparedness Cage culture for fisheries PARIStrengthening Democracy PARLIAMENTARY & ADMINISTRATIVE RESEARCH INSTITUTE Offers a customised training programme For officials of Autonomous Organisations/Institutions under Government of India on Parliamentary Procedure titled: Handling Parliament Efficiently UPCOMING TRAINING: 20-23 March 2018 | 17-20 April 2018 Candidates from 19 Ministries/Departments/PSUs have received training so far Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region, Department of Space, National Aluminium Company (NALCO), National Buildings Construction Corporation (NBCC), Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited(BHEL), Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), Central Coalfields Limited (CCL), South Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL), Central Board of Excise and Customs (CBEC), Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL), Western Coalfields Limited (WCL), Deptt. of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR), Indian Bank, RITES Limited, Telecommunications Consultants India Limited (TCIL) and ONGC LIGHTS, Research Foundation An Educational NOT-for-Profit organisation 604, Bhikaji Cama Bhawan, Bhikaji Cama Place, New Delhi -110066 Tel: +91-11-40159058, 46014233, Please contact Amit Kumar, Mobile: 7678491255 Website: www.pariparliament.org | E-mail : [email protected] G’nY SINCE 2001 A DEVELOPMENT AND GEOGRAPHYANDYOU.COM GEOGRAPHY AND YOU ENVIRONMENT MAGAZINE VOL. 18 ISSUE 106 JANUARY - FEBRUARY 2018 OPINION 4 Funding for science: Where do we stand? Rasik Ravindra CONCEPT COUNTER 14 Warming Trends & Global Sea Surface Temperature 18 Upper Atmosphere Cooling & Climate Human innova- Change tions and the end user—retrofitted MARINE POLLUTION houseboats with all 24 Toxic Oceans & Waste Plastic modern amenities in Alleppey, Kerala. TECHNOVATION 28 Waste Plastic: Liability to Sustainability 34 Revisiting Jute: Adding value to biowaste 40 Green Cooling: Solid State Refrigerators for Rural India 46 Glow Paint: A tool for Preparedness 52 Fish Farming & Cage Culture SPACE TECHNOLOGY 56 Powering India’s Eyes in the Sky INDIA OUTDOORS 60 Khajjiar to Kalatop N Prasad IN BRIEF 2 Letters 3 Editor’s Note 10 Indian Science News 13 Term power 51 Term power rating 64 Book/Website PHOTO : PRASAD Expert Panel Prithvish Nag B Meenakumari Ajit Tyagi B Sengupta Vice Chancellor, Chairperson, Air Vice Marshal (Retd) Former Member Secretary, MG Kashi Vidyapeeth, National Biodiversity Former DG, IMD, Central Pollution Control Varanasi. Authority, Chennai. New Delhi. Board, New Delhi. Rasik Ravindra Sachidanand Sinha Saraswati Raju D Mukhopadhyay Former Director, Professor, CSRD, Professor, CSRD, General Manager NCAOR, Goa. Jawaharlal Nehru Jawaharlal Nehru Biz Strategy and University, New Delhi. University, New Delhi. Innovation NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2017 ISSUE: The G’nY issue on Glacier Meltdown is very informative as it discussed the scientific findings related to glaciations in the backdrop of the Fourth Conference of Science and GEOGRAPHY AND YOU Geopolitics of Himalayas, Arctic and Antarctic. The articles about EDITOR climate change and its effects on the glacial realm are interesting. SULAGNA CHATTOPADHYAY Disasters and exclusion from education throws light on how children LEGAL ADVISOR in disaster prone areas lose access to schooling. I liked the article KRISHNENDU DATTA revisiting traditional gender identities in disaster prone areas. It SPONSORED SECTION depicts the changing role of women in disaster response. I thank THIS ISSUE IS PARTIALLY G’nY team for such a good effort.—K SHARMA via website. SPONSORED BY CSIR- NATIONAL PHYSICAL For more details log on to our website www.geographyandyou.com LABORATORY, NEW DELHI. I AM A REGULAR READER OF G’nY. Currently G’nY’s blog about creation of GIS project COVER PHOTO I am pursuing graduation from Patna and its use in the era of digitisation is quite TECHNOVATION AND THE University. I request you to include articles informative.—SAGAR BHATIA via Facebook Common man—Still a DISTANT DREAM BY PRASAD. on zoogeography so that students like me are also benefitted. I enjoy reading G’nY IS DOING AN AMAZING WORK. The content is PHOTO the G’nY articles and hope that in future authentic and deeply researched. It is very PRASAD, M VINOD readers get to read more such informative useful for researchers and academicians CORRESPONDENCE/ articles.—SHASHWAT SHEKHAR via Facebook. —AMIT RIYAR via Facebook EDITORIAL OFFICE 707, BHIKAJI CAMA BHAWAN, RK PURAM, I AM A REGULAR READER of the magazine and G’nY PUBLISHES HIGH QUALITY research material. NEW DELHI - 110066 find it very interesting and informative. I It is easy to understand hence it becomes PHONE: +91-11-46014233; +91-11-26186350 appreciate the team for the good work. easier to interpret. The magazine is well FOR NEW SUBSCRIPTIONS, —ALDRIN via mail. structured and provides readers best quality RENEWALS, ENQUIRIES authentic data available with its analysis. I PLEASE CONTACT CIRCULATION MANAGER THE CONTENT OF g’NY MAGAZINE is appreciable. am grateful to the G’nY team for such a good E-MAIL: info@ I request the team to kindly allow readers effort.—DIVYA PRAKASH via Facebook geographyandyou.com to download copies. The Glacier Meltdown PLEASE VISIT OUR SITE AT www.geographyandyou.com issue is informative and well-organised. I FOUND A G’nY POST ABOUT what is GIS, very FOR FURTHER INFORMATION. —SASHI BHUSHAN SINGH via Facebook. useful. Please make further presentations ©IRIS PUBLICATION on the application of GIS in the fields PVT. LTD. THE ONLINE POST ABOUT landslide dangers is of agriculture, urban development, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED well written. Thank you G’nY team, your environment, disaster, transportation and THROUGHOUT THE WORLD. REPRODUCTION IN ANY work is quite impressive.—JYOTI VERMA water. —KUMAR GAUTAUM via Facebook MANNER, PART OR WHOLE, via Facebook IS PROHIBITED. PRINTED, I READ A G’nY POST on NRDMS village pond PUBLISHED AND OWNED BY SULAGNA CHATTOPADHYAY. SAGHAA 2017 VIDEO youtube uploads are rejuvenation. It is really a need of the hour delightful. It allows the viewers to access to recharge ground water. The post is quite PRINTED AT INDIA GRAPHIC SYSTEMS the accumulated knowledge of the informative as it talks about diminishing PVT. LTD. F-23, OKHLA conference and discussion which they ground water. —ARSHAD LONE via Facebook INDUSTRIAL AREA, PHASE-I, were not a part of. The session by Dr A NEW DELHI - 110020. P Dimri wherein a preliminary analysis of g’NY POST ABOUT Blood Moon—the historic PUBLISHED AT Indus river basin was discussed was very event where lunar eclipse, super moon and IRIS PUBLICATION PVT. informative. The impact of climate on water blue moon all occurred on a single day, was LTD. GEOGRAPHY AND YOU DOES NOT TAKE ANY budget was discussed allowing viewers to engaging. I am fond of astronomical events RESPONSIBILITY FOR know many facts and figures which are not and would request more such coverage. RETURNING UNSOLICITED RISHU RAJ via Facebook. RAUSHAN JHA via Facebook PUBLICATION MATERIAL. easily accessible.— — IRIS PUBLICATION PVT. LTD. REGISTERED OFFICE WRITE Editorial Office: IPP Ltd, 707, Bhikaji Cama Bhawan, R K Puram, New Delhi - 110066. Letters may be edited for clarity and length. 111/9 K G, ARUNA ASAF ALI Include name, address and telephone. PHONE 011-46014233, 26186350 EMAIL [email protected] MARG, NEW DELHI -110070 FACEBOOK http://goo.gl/eIeaH, LINKEDIN http://in.linkedin.com/pub/geography-and-you/5a/b32/b24 WEBSITE www.geographyandyou.com. SUBSCRIPTIONS For institutional subscriptions of print copies you may write to [email protected] ALL DISPUTES ARE SUBJECTED TO TO CONTRIBUTE AN ARTICLE: Kindly send the abstract of your article in not more than 200 words to [email protected]. THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF The abstract will be reviewed by our guest panelists. Once selected we shall respond for the procurement of full article. The length of the final COMPETENT COURTS AND FORUMS article may range from 1000 to 1500 words. Please also mention if you can contribute relevant high resolution photographs. IN DELHI/NEW DELHI ONLY. The Editorial Advisor. 2 JANUARY - FEBRUARY 2018 . GEOGRAPHY AND YOU 106 ISSUE A road to Pukhri with lush green forests paving the way to a beautiful mountainous village. By N Prasad KHAJJIAR TO KALATOP Khajjiar hill station is situated in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh, at an elevation of about 6,500m and encompasses breathtaking locations and new adventures for travellers. GEOGRAPHY AND YOU . JANUARY-FEBRUARY 2018 61 ‘Unforgettable Himachal’- the slogan bestowed we were in the driveway of our hotel, a small upon India’s mountainous state captures its state-run establishment situated in the greens charm and beauty. Himachal is gifted with that provided the basic necessities. The first day numerous beauteous landscapes, in both dis- ended with shades of travel fatigue and a small covered and offbeat. A trip to Khajjiar and Ka- dinner in the hotel, as we geared up for a long latop, a quiet hamlet tucked away in the arms day tomorrow. of Chamba district with a couple of mini-treks Day 2 began with a walk around Khajjiar thrown in for good measure, proved to be a de- lake, made famous by the iconic Hindi movie light. Often referred to as the mini-Switzerland ‘Kuch Kuch Hota Hai’. Situated at a height of of India—a title concurred in 1992 by Willy almost 2,000 m the lake is surrounded by ce- Blazer, the Vice Counselor and Head of Chan- dar forest and the shadows of the Himalayas. cery of Switzerland, Khajjiar is a 14 hour road Although once voluminous, the lake now flows journey of over 570 km from Delhi. weak and frail. The trees and the mountains We embarked on the journey at 6 am, pass- compensated for the lake, offering a peace- ing through a total of four states before we ful and exquisite background.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • WETLANDS of Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh State Wetland Authority WETLANDS
    Major WETLANDS Of Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh State Wetland Authority WETLANDS Wetlands are important features in the landscape that provide numerous benecial services for people, wildlife and aquatic species. Some of these services, or functions, include protecting and improving water quality, providing sh and wildlife habitats, storing oodwaters and maintaining surface water ow during dry periods. These valuable functions are the result of the unique natural characteristics of wetlands. Wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems in the world, comparable to rain forests and coral reefs. An immense variety of WETLANDS species of microbes, plants, insects, amphibians, Conservation Programme with the active reptiles, birds, sh and mammals can be part of a participation of all the stakeholders, keeping in view wetland ecosystem. Climate, landscape shape the requirement of multidisciplinary approach, (topology), geology and the movement and various Departments and Agencies such as Forests, abundance of water help to determine the plants Fisheries, Tourism, Industries, HP Environment and animals that inhabit each wetland. The complex, Protection and Pollution Control Board, dynamic relationships among the organisms Universities, Zoological Survey of India. National & inhabiting the wetland environment are called food State level research institutes are also actively webs. Wetlands can be thought of as "biological involved in the Wetland Conservation Programme. supermarkets." The core objective of the Ramsar convention dened Wetland Conservation Programme is to conserve wetlands as areas of marsh, fen, peat land or water, and restore wetlands with the active participation of whether natural or articial, permanent or t h e l o c a l c o m m u n i t y a t t h e p l a n n i n g , temporary, with water that is static or owing, fresh, implementation and monitoring level.
    [Show full text]
  • Biod Iversit in Ty in K Ndia: T Khajjiar Threats R Lake
    Vol. 6(7), pp. 495-501, July 2014 DOI: 10.5897/IJBC2013.0630 Article Number: 706E7F346197 International Journal of Biodiversityt ISSN 2141-243X Copyright © 2014 and Conservation Author(s) retain the copyrighht of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/IJBC Review Biodiversity in Khajjiar Lake of Himachal Pradesh, India: Threats and conservation Vikram Singh* and H. S. Banyal Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh Univversity, Shimla-171 005 (HP), India. Received 28 August, 2013; Accepted 23 May, 2014 Faunal resources of Kalatop-Khajjiar sanctuaryr , which is one of the oldest preserved forests of the state are under severe anthropogenic pressure and need urgent attenttion of the field biologists as it is one of the most favoured tourist destinations in Himachal Pradesh. Biodiversity of Khajjiar area of Himachal Pradesh has 223 species of different faunal groups (invertebrates and 100 vertebrates), comprised of 93 genera, 79 families and 32 orders. Out of these, 3 species of butterflies are placed under Wildlife Protection Act (1972) and 13 mammals have been placed under Indian Wildlife Protection Act 1972. While nine species of mammals has been listed as threateened in Convention in Trade of Endangered Species (CITES). Two critically endangered birds, Indian White-backed Vulture and Red- headed Vulture are also recorded. Ecological equilibrium of the study area is no more in a balanced state due to increased development and human intervention. Key words: Khajjiar Lake, ecological imbalance, faunal diversity, pollution. INTRODUCTION Biodiversity, encompasses variety and variability of all life nisms from all sources includes terrestrial, marine and on earth. It has been generally defined as the ‘full variety other aquatic ecosystems, and the ecological complexes of life on Earth’.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Ecological Studies on the Lepidoptera from Khajjiar Lake Catchment, Himachal Pradesh, India
    Biodiversity Journal, 2014, 5 (1): 61–68 Preliminary ecological studies on the Lepidoptera from Khajjiar lake catchment, Himachal Pradesh, India Vikram Singh* & Harjeet Singh Banyal Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla -171005 (HP), India *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT A study on the Lepidoptera from Khajjiar lake of District Chamba of Himachal Pradesh re- vealed the presence of 49 species of butterflies belonging to 41 genera and 10 families. Anal- ysis of data revealed that family Nymphalidae and Satyridae (12 species each) dominated the Lepidoptera fauna of Khajjiar lake catchment, followed by Pieridae and Lycaenidae (6 species each), Hesperiidae (4 species), Papilionidae (3 species), Erycinidae and Danaidae (2 species each), and Acraeidae and Riodinidae (1 species each). Categorization of the species further revealed that of these 49 species, 5 were very common, 32 common, 5 uncommon and 7 were rare. Moreover, 3 species were listed in Indian Wildlife Protection Act (1972), Lethe scanda (Moore, 1857) and Lampides boeticus (Linnaeus, 1767) placed under scheduled II and Castalius rosimon (Fabricius, 1775) under scheduled IV of the Act. Our study revealed that forest area supports the highest diversity of butterflies followed by lake areas and human set- tlements. KEY WORDS Butterflies; ecology; biodiversity; India. Received 22.02.2014; accepted 08.03.2014; printed 30.03.2014 INTRODUCTION with altitudes ranging from 400-4500 m. However very few studies are there on the ecological aspects A recent estimate shows the occurrence of about of the butterflies in Himachal Pradesh. Apart from 142,500 species of Lepidoptera around the globe, Thakur et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Prospects of Tourism and Its Infrastructural Gaps in Dhauladhar Circuit Dr
    IJA MH International Journal on Arts, Management and Humanities 6(2): 193-200(2017) ISSN No. (Online): 2319–5231 Prospects of Tourism and its Infrastructural Gaps in Dhauladhar Circuit Dr. Nitin Vyas* and Surjeet Kumar** *Assistant Professor, Department of Vocational Studies, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, (Himachal Pradesh), India **Research Scholar, Department of Vocational Studies, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, (Himachal Pradesh), India (Corresponding author: Dr. Nitin Vyas) (Received 19 November, 2017, Accepted 16 December, 2017) (Published by Research Trend, Website: www.researchtrend.net) ABSTRACT: Tourism is one of the fastest growing industries in the hilly state of Himachal Pradesh. The State has immense potential for religious, cultural, adventures, leisure and heritage tourism. The major tourist destinations are Shimla, Kullu, Manali, Dharamshala, McLeod Gang and Dalhousie. People from all over the world attracted with charming beauty of Himalayan ranges. Tourism is the third largest industry after hydropower and agriculture. This paper deals with tourism in Dhauladhar travel circuit. This circuit starts from Dalhousie, Khajjiar, Chamba, Bharmour, Dharamshala, Kangra and Palampur. This paper deals with the prospects of tourism in Dhauladhar circuit and availability of infrastructural facilities to the tourists in this region. It also examines the Tourism Infrastructure Gaps in Dhauladhar Travel Circuit. Keywords: Tourist circuit, heritage Tourism, infrastructural gap. I. INTRODUCTION Tourism is one of the fastest growing industries in the country. In recent time tourism industry one of the important sector contributing to the economy for the future growth of the nation. In the vibrant Socio-Economic and Political situation, international and national government considering travel and tourism as a tool of progress as per data released by United Nation Word Tourism Organization.
    [Show full text]
  • Detailed Species Accounts from The
    Threatened Birds of Asia: The BirdLife International Red Data Book Editors N. J. COLLAR (Editor-in-chief), A. V. ANDREEV, S. CHAN, M. J. CROSBY, S. SUBRAMANYA and J. A. TOBIAS Maps by RUDYANTO and M. J. CROSBY Principal compilers and data contributors ■ BANGLADESH P. Thompson ■ BHUTAN R. Pradhan; C. Inskipp, T. Inskipp ■ CAMBODIA Sun Hean; C. M. Poole ■ CHINA ■ MAINLAND CHINA Zheng Guangmei; Ding Changqing, Gao Wei, Gao Yuren, Li Fulai, Liu Naifa, Ma Zhijun, the late Tan Yaokuang, Wang Qishan, Xu Weishu, Yang Lan, Yu Zhiwei, Zhang Zhengwang. ■ HONG KONG Hong Kong Bird Watching Society (BirdLife Affiliate); H. F. Cheung; F. N. Y. Lock, C. K. W. Ma, Y. T. Yu. ■ TAIWAN Wild Bird Federation of Taiwan (BirdLife Partner); L. Liu Severinghaus; Chang Chin-lung, Chiang Ming-liang, Fang Woei-horng, Ho Yi-hsian, Hwang Kwang-yin, Lin Wei-yuan, Lin Wen-horn, Lo Hung-ren, Sha Chian-chung, Yau Cheng-teh. ■ INDIA Bombay Natural History Society (BirdLife Partner Designate) and Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History; L. Vijayan and V. S. Vijayan; S. Balachandran, R. Bhargava, P. C. Bhattacharjee, S. Bhupathy, A. Chaudhury, P. Gole, S. A. Hussain, R. Kaul, U. Lachungpa, R. Naroji, S. Pandey, A. Pittie, V. Prakash, A. Rahmani, P. Saikia, R. Sankaran, P. Singh, R. Sugathan, Zafar-ul Islam ■ INDONESIA BirdLife International Indonesia Country Programme; Ria Saryanthi; D. Agista, S. van Balen, Y. Cahyadin, R. F. A. Grimmett, F. R. Lambert, M. Poulsen, Rudyanto, I. Setiawan, C. Trainor ■ JAPAN Wild Bird Society of Japan (BirdLife Partner); Y. Fujimaki; Y. Kanai, H.
    [Show full text]
  • HIMACHAL PRADESH S.No
    HIMACHAL PRADESH S.No. District Name of the Address Major Activity Broad NIC Owners Employ Code Establishment Description Activity hip ment Code Code Class Interval 1 01 KENDRIYA BAKLOH, P.O. EDUCATIONAL 20 852 1 25-29 VIDYALAYA, BAKLOH, TEHSIL ACTIVITY BHATIYAT DISTRICT. CHAMBA H.P. 176302 2 01 GOVERNMENT HIGH VILLAGE ATHED, EDUCATIONAL 20 852 1 10-14 SCHOOL SUB-TEHSIL BHALEI, ACTIVITY DISTRICT. CHAMBA, H.P. 176312 3 01 NHPC POWER VILLAGE BAGGI, SUB- ELECTRICITY 07 351 1 30-99 HOUSE, TEHSIL BHALIE, PRODUCTION DISTRICT. CHAMBA, H.P. 176325 4 01 NHPC WORK SHOP, VILLAGE BAGGI, SUB- VEHICLE WORKSHOP 10 452 1 30-99 TEHSIL BHALEI, DISTRICT. CHAMBA, H.P. 176325 5 01 GOVERNMENT VILLAGE SAMANA, EDUCATIONAL 20 852 1 15-19 SENIOR SUB-TEHSIL BHALEI, ACTIVITY SECONDARY DISTRICT. CHAMBA, SCHOOL, H.P. 176325 6 01 GOVERNMENT VILLAGE SIMNI, SUB- EDUCATIONAL 20 852 1 15-19 SENIOR TEHSIL BHALEI, ACTIVITY SECONDARY DISTRICT. CHAMBA, SCHOOL, H.P. 176308 7 01 GOVERNMENT V.P.O. BHALEI, SUB- EDUCATIONAL 20 852 1 25-29 SENIOR TEHSIL BHALEI, ACTIVITY SECONDARY DISTRICT. CHAMBA, SCHOOL, H.P. 176308 8 01 AC STONE VILLAGE LACHORI, STONE CRUSHER 06 239 2 20-24 CRUSHER, P.O. THAKRIMATTI, SUB-TEHSIL BHALEI, DISTRICT. CHAMBA, H P 176308 9 01 DCM GURUKUL VILLAGE LACHORI, EDUCATIONAL 20 852 3 20-24 PUBLIC SCHOOL, P.O. THAKRIMATTI, ACTIVITY SUB-TEHSIL BHALEI, DISTRICT. CHAMBA. H P 176308 10 01 GOVERNMENT VILLAGE MALALP.O. EDUCATIONAL 20 852 1 25-29 SENIOR ANDRAL, SUB- ACTIVITY SECONDARY TEHSIL BHALEI, SCHOOL, DISTRICT. CHAMBA, H P 176312 11 01 VIRENDER DOGRA VILLAGE MALAL, P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Biodiversity Conservation & Restoration of Khajjiar Wetland, Chamba
    EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research ISSN: 2208-2158 Assessment of Biodiversity Conservation & Restoration of Khajjiar Wetland, Chamba (H.P) Pawan K. Attri Institute of Integrated Himalayan Studies (UGC-centre of excellence) H. P. University Summerhill, Shimla, (H.P) India [email protected] Abstract: The present study was undertaken from 2009 to 2011 in order to understand the current status of wetlands in district Chamba. The study was conducted in Khajjiar wetland and its catchments area for biodiversity. Repeated visits were made to the field to record the flora and vegetation of the area. In India, majority of the wetlands are badly affected and some of them are even highly threatened or on the verge of extinction mainly due to anthropogenic interventions. The remaining wetlands also threatened by air and water pollutants, and hydrologic alterations. Natural wetlands in India consist of high altitude Himalayan lakes. According to International importance, there are 25 Ramsar sites in India out of them 3 wetlands in the State of Himachal Pradesh have been declared as wetlands of international importance. The Khajjiar wetland is one of important lake although it is not an international importance. It is important because of socio-cultural and ecological values and services it provides. Presently lake is under threat due to anthropogenic pressures. The problem is further accentuated because of loss of water quality data, ecological services, information etc. Thus it is necessary to reclaim and develop the wetlands for its optimum potential use, for this a reliable and accurate data base is required. Therefore, present study endeavour aimed to generate data base in terms of socio-cultural and ecological aspects i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Birds of the Upper Catchment of Ravi River, Chamba District, Himachal Pradesh, India Arun P
    SINGH: Birds of Chamba district 97 Birds of the upper catchment of Ravi River, Chamba district, Himachal Pradesh, India Arun P. Singh Singh, A. P., 2011. Birds of the upper catchment of Ravi River, Chamba district, Himachal Pradesh, India. Indian BIRDS 7 (4): 97–103. Arun P. Singh, Ecology & Biodiversity Division, Rain Forest Research Institute (ICFRE), P.O.Box #136, Deovan, Sotai, Jorhat, Assam 785001, India. Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Manuscript received on 28 January 2010. Introduction Ravi River flows east–west in the Punjab, covering nearly two- thirds of the district. Chandrabhaga (Chenab) River also flows Early records of Chamba’s ornithology come from papers by east–west into Jammu & Kashmir, but in the northern part of this Marshall (1884), and Littledale (1898). The latter recorded the district. The climate is sub-tropical to sub-arctic. The mean annual Eurasian Woodcock Scolopax rusticola in June while camping at rainfall in the district is c. 1,485 mm (Mahabal 1993), which falls Hul c. 25 km above Chamba. He had also recorded the nesting mainly during the monsoon, and winter, when most of the higher of Eurasian Griffon Gyps fulvus. Both, Marshall, and Littledale reaches remain under snow cover. recorded a number of game birds in Chamba: Cheer Pheasant As per Champion & Seth (1968) the vegetation in the Catreus wallichii (Vulnerable; IUCN 2009), Western Tragopan area is mainly ‘Moist Deodar Forest12/C1(c)’; ‘Western Mixed Tragopan melanocephalus (Vulnerable: IUCN 2009), Himalayan Coniferous Forest 12/C1 (d)’ interspersed with ‘Alpine Pastures Monal Lophophorus impejanus, Koklass Pucrasia macrolopha, 15/C3’ at higher elevations.
    [Show full text]
  • Insect Fauna of Khajjiar Lake of Chamba District, Himachal Pradesh, India
    Pakistan J. Zool., vol. 45(4), pp. 1053-1061, 2013 Insect Fauna of Khajjiar Lake of Chamba District, Himachal Pradesh, India Vikram Singh* and H. S. Banyal Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla-171 005 (HP), India Abstract.- A study was conducted in various seasons of the years from July 2008 to March 2012 in Khajjiar lake area which revealed the presence of a total of 121 species of insects belonging to 108 genera spread over 28 families and 8 orders. Of these, Lepidoptera (49 species) was the most dominant insect order in the present study area, followed by Orthoptera (29 species), Coleoptera (15 species), Odonata (10), Hymenoptera (7), Hemiptera and Diptera (5 each), and Homoptera (1 species). Out of these only 3 species are placed under Wildlife Protection Act (1972) viz., Lethe scanda and Lampides boeticus placed under scheduled II and Castalius rosimon under scheduled IV of the Act. Out of total 121recorded species from Khajjiar lake area, 29 species were Very Common while 68 were Common, 13 were Uncommon and 11 were Rare Key words: Khajjiar lake, insect diversity, threatened species. INTRODUCTION In Himachal Pradesh, Butterflies and Moths (1250 spp.) form the most dominant group. They are followed by Coleoptera (1100 spp.), Diptera (720 Insects are the largest group among animals spp.), Hymenoptera (470 spp.) and Hemiptera (368 and plants in the world. It is commonly believed that spp.). These five orders together constitute 89.6 % 75-80 % of the total animal species on this planet of Himachal entomofauna. Singh (2007) has are insects (Ehrlich and Wilson, 1991).
    [Show full text]
  • Climate of India
    Climate of India From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search A semi-arid wasteland near Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu. Monsoon clouds dump torrents of rain on lush forests that are only kilometres away in windward-facing Kerala, but are prevented from reaching Tirunelveli by the Agasthyamalai Range of the Western Ghats (background). A scene in Uttarakhand's Valley of Flowers National Park. In contrast to Tirunelveli, the park receives ample orographic precipitation due to its location in a mountainous windward-facing region wedged between the Zanskars and the Greater Himalayas. The climate of India defies easy generalization, comprising a wide range of weather conditions across a large geographic scale and varied topography. Analyzed according to the Köppen system, India hosts six major climatic subtypes, ranging from desert in the west, to alpine tundra and glaciers in the north, to humid tropical regions supporting rain forests in the southwest and the island territories. Many regions have starkly different micro climates. The nation has four seasons: winter (January and February), summer (March to May), a monsoon (rainy) season (June to September), and a post-monsoon period (October to December). India's unique geography and geology strongly influence its climate; this is particularly true of the Himalayas in the north and the Thar Desert in the northwest. The Himalayas act as a barrier to the frigid katabatic winds flowing down from Central Asia. Thus, North India is kept warm or only mildly cold during winter; in summer, the same phenomenon makes India relatively hot. Although the Tropic of Cancer—the boundary between the tropics and subtropics—passes through the middle of India, the whole country is considered to be tropical.
    [Show full text]
  • Study of Rana Liebigii from Kalatop-Khajjiar Lake, Chamba, Himachal Pradesh, India
    World Journal of Zoology 7 (2): 155-157, 2012 ISSN 1817-3098 © IDOSI Publications, 2012 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wjz.2012.7.2.6319 Study of Rana liebigii from Kalatop-Khajjiar Lake, Chamba, Himachal Pradesh, India Vikram Singh and H.S. Banyal Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla-171 005 (HP), India Abstract: A specimen of Rana liebigii was reported from the Khajjiar lake (Mini Switzerland) area of Khajjiar- Kalatop Wild life Sanctuary in district Chamba of Himachal Pradesh during the study of area from July, 2008 to November 2011. Key words: Khajjiar Lake Rana liebigii Species New Record INTRODUCTION species to Rana vicina. This species has been reported from many places in Himachal Pradesh but there is no Amphibians are the least in number amongst the record from the present study area i.e. Khajjiar Lake. So it vertebrates and comprise nearly 6.6% of the total life on is a new record from this area which under immense the earth [1]. Total number of species in the world has pressure of human intervention. been estimated around 3140 and in India 214 species are known, while in Himachal Pradesh only 17 species Methodology: Study area was visited from 2008 to belonging to 4 families has been recorded [2]. This is 7.8 2011at least once a month. A single specimen was % of the total Indian species. Amphibians are ecological found around Khajjiar lake in the month of July, 2011. indicators and in recent decades there has been a Identification was done on the basis of these dramatic decline in amphibian population.
    [Show full text]
  • Khajjiar Wildlife Sanctuary, Chamba District, Himachal Pradesh
    J. Orchid Soc. India, 32: 93-98, 2018 ISSN 0971-5371 DIVERSITY, DISTRIBUTION, INDIGENOUS USES, AND STATUS OF ORCHIDS IN KALATOP - KHAJJIAR WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, CHAMBA DISTRICT, HIMACHAL PRADESH Ashish Kumar, S S Samant, L M Tewari1, and Shiv Paul G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Himachal Regional Centre, Mohal-Kullu- 175 126, Himachal Pradesh, India 1Department of Botany, D. S. B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital- 263 001, Uttarakhand, India Abstract Study was conducted to explore the floristic diversity of Kalatop-Khajjiar Wildlife Sanctuary in Chamba District, Himachal Pradesh during 2013-17. As, this sanctuary has not been explored for the floristic diversity including orchids, an attempt was presently made to assess the diversity and indigenous uses of orchids, occurring in the sanctuary. Twelve species of the orchids were recorded; of these, 6 species were natives and 1 species was near-endemic. These orchid species were distributed between 1900-2700 m amsl. Most of these species were used by the local inhabitants for curing wounds, cuts, cough, snake bite, etc. and as a blood purifier and tonic. Most of these species were found in shady moist forest floor. The high anthropogenic pressure and changing environmental conditions have increased the vulnerability of these species. Therefore, regular monitoring of the species in relation to climate change for understanding the dynamics, and creating awareness among the local inhabitants and forest officials are suggested. Introduction the health care. The changing environmental conditions, land use patterns, over grazing, over-exploitation and ORCHIDS ARE one of the nature’s most beautiful expanding urbanization have resulted in shrinkage and creations and represent royality and aristocracy in degradation of natural habitats causing threat to floristic floriculture.
    [Show full text]