The Victorian Society in America 1634 Sansom St. Philadelphia PA 19103-5404

Alumni Association of the deceMber 2013 Victorian Society Summer Schools A Chapter of The Victorian Society in America

Nancy McAleer Golden, President 2207 Alameda Padre Serra Santa Barbara, CA 93103-1707

In this Issue

Ian Cox Essay ...... Cover Gina Santucci Midlands Essay . . . . 24 President’s Letter ...... 2 Baxter Craven Newport Essay . . . . 26 Reminders of a Bygone 2013 Alumni Association Noël Harris Freeze Newport Essay . 27 Scholarships ...... 3 André Hoek Essay ...... 28 Age of Railway Travel Alumni 2012 Financial Report . . . . . 3 Jennifer Carlquist Newport Essay . . 30 above, IAN COx Alumni Events ...... 6 Richard Guy Wilson Essay ...... 32 curzon street railway Facebook station, birmingham. Director, London Summer Schools Fall Study Program ...... 7 Alumni Scholars ...... 36 THE ALuMNI ASSOCIATION IS ON Alumni News ...... 8 Save the Dates...... 37 This year I’ve decided to theme my annual essay FACEBOOK. POST YOuR SuMMER In Memoriam ...... 11 2013 London Scholars ...... 38 for the newsletter round the topic of railway Alumni Recruitment Events ...... 12 2013 Newport Scholars ...... 38 SCHOOL ExPERIENCES AND transportation in England during the Victorian period. The decision was an Annual Summer School Lost Alumni ...... 40 PICTuRES NOW. KEEP uP WITH easy one given that every year the London Summer School makes visits to Receptions ...... 15 Join the VSA ...... 41 FELLOW STuDENTS. GO TO buildings and infrastructures connected with what was then an innovatory and Richard Brandi London Essay . . . . . 18 Call for Papers ...... 42 FACEBOOK AND TYPE “ALuMNI” society-changing mode of transport, which soon displaced stage coaches and James Russiello London Essay . . . . . 19 Alumni/VSA Renewal Form . . . . . 43 canals as the principal method of moving people and goods round the country. IN THE SEARCH PANEL. Frampton Talbert London Essay . . . 20 Perhaps our most important visit is to George Gilbert Scott’s beautifully Elizabeth Leckie London Essay . . . . 21 restored Midland Grand Hotel, currently operating as the St. Pancras Renaissance London Hotel and to the connected William Barlow train shed, which today provides the splendid terminus for Eurostar trains to Paris and Brussels. Additionally though, I recently came across a couple of publications,

continued, page 5 2 1 Alumni Association of The Victorian Society Summer Schools Letter from the President 2013 Alumni Association A Chapter of The Victorian Society November 2013 in America Summer School Scholarship Donations chapter officers The Alumni Association funded $22,525 in scholarships in 2013 for London Nancy McAleer Golden and Newport students. 2012 FINANCIAL STATEMENT President Santa Barbara, CA Alumni Association of I’m delighted to report that thanks to your generous Sibyl Groff was responsible for raising $1,075 for the Alumni Summer Schools The Victorian Society Summer Thomas McGehee support, the Alumni Association provided $22,525 Scholarship Fund in memory of Harry G. Schalck for his years of dedication Vice President for 2013 scholarships, which were awarded to six to the Schools and for his efforts as co-chair of the Summer Schools Education Schools Milwaukee, WS Newport scholars and three London scholars. All the Committee. Funds were provided by the following donors: Sibyl Groff, Alumni scholars sent thank you letters expressing their deep appreciation for opening balance Jennifer Adams Liz Leckie, John Martine, Pauline Metcalf, John Oddy, and Charles Robertson. Treasurer allowing them to participate in the Schools. The Alumni Association’s continuing Harry would have been so pleased that James Russiello was selected to receive January 1, 2012...... $ 50,288

Alexandria, VA successes are due to the dedication of the all-volunteer board. My continuing the scholarship to attend the 2013 London Summer School in his memory. gratitude and thanks to all. income Jeanne Solensky Membership Dues ...... $ 10,910 Corresponding Secretary The Alumni provided $500 for its Scholarship Fund in memory of Richard We’re fortunate to have Sandy Jenkins again editing this newsletter and Angela Scholarship Donations . . . . . $ 2,965 Wilmington, DE Nelson, who so graciously hosted with is partner Jim Michaels the “Tea” on the Voulangas providing the graphic design. James Russiello is working on the Events...... $ 5,145 first day of the Newport Summer School. Robert Chapman Alumni Association Facebook site. Please “like” the site and post your news at Miscellaneous ...... $ 9 0 Membership Secretary Alumni Association of the Victorian Society Summer Schools. We are extremely grateful to the following alumni who made contributions of Total Income...... $ 19,110 Montclair, NJ Sheila Donahue, head of the Nominating Committee, and committee members $100 or more to the Alumni Summer Schools Scholarship Fund. expenses DIRECTORS Hank Dunlop, Jane Karotkin and Jeff Sholeen are diligently working on a slate VSA Dues...... $ 100 of officers and directors to serve a two-year term starting on January 1, 2015 for Jennifer Adams Sibyl McCormac Groff John Oddy Keith MacKay Scholarships ...... $ 21,756 Richmond, VA Susan Appel Nancy Hays Jerry & Helena Peters the upcoming elections. Please be sure to vote when you receive your ballot. Summer School Receptions . . .$ 1,000 Warren Ashworth Mary Anne Hunting Dianne Pilgrim The 2013 Alumni Association recruitment events were co-sponsored by the Events...... $ 2,799 John A. Martine, AIA Jennifer Baughn Giovanna Jackson Gretchen Redden Washington DC, Northern New Jersey and Savannah VSA Chapters and in New Newsletter ...... $ 1,134 Pittsburgh, PA Ian & Maggie Berke Stephen Jerome Dick Reutlinger York and San Francisco. They were well attended by prospective students with Web Site...... $ 500 David Blackburn Sally Buchanan Kinsey Bob Risley Gerald Peters several actually attending the 2013 Schools. Membership Renewal Program . . $ 164 Silver Springs, MD Stephan Carlson Gwen Koch Elizabeth Shevlin Recruiting Events ...... $ 750 The Alumni again sponsored receptions for both the Newport and London Glen Carter Liz Leckie Roberts & Donald H. Insurance ...... $ 1,250 Alumni Association Newsletter Summer Schools. Many thanks go to Pauline Metcalf for hosting the Newport Carole & Bob Chapman Darrel Lempke & Roberts, Jr. Miscellaneous Expenses . . . . . $ 478 Editor: Sandra Jenkins reception at her family’s home in Exeter, RI. Greatly missed at the reception was Amy Coes Maryellen Trautman Charles Robertson Design: Angela Voulangas/ Bill Dane Lamar Lentz Roger Scharmer The Graphics Office jovial Richard Nelson, who for years hosted the most elegant Tea after the first Paul Duchscherer Clark Marlor Jeff Sholeen Total Expenses...... $ 29,931 day of Newport. The Alumni donated a 2013 scholarship in his memory. Thanks Please send news and articles to: also to Liz Leckie, for organizing the London reception at the Chelsea studio of Hank Dunlop John Martine John Simonelli Net Income/Loss...... ($ 10,821) Pat Eldredge Peter Flagg Maxson Helen Tucker Sandra Jenkins artist Julian Barrow. It’s with great regret that I note the passing of Julian. The Michael Ellis Tom McGehee Fredi Vidal [email protected] Alumni provided a scholarship in his memory for a 2014 London Student. John closing balance Carolyn & Giroud Foster Pauline Metcalf Linda Weld Martine has done an outstanding job of arranging the Alumni’s upcoming tour December 31, 2012...... $ 39,467 Nancy McAleer Golden Bob Furhoff Shelley Miller & Marjorie White to Cuba on November 7–16, 2013. A full report of the Cuba Study Tour will be in 2207 Alameda Padre Serra Ron Gold Joel Hoffman Richard Guy Wilson Santa Barbara, CA 93103-1707 the 2014 newsletter. Nancy McAleer Golden Lisa Moore Karen Zukowski [email protected] Bill Grasse Josephine Morales

All best wishes for 2014.

Nancy McAleer Golden 2013 Summer Schools Committee President Scholarships The following members of The Victorian Society in America’s Summer Schools Committee generously supported the Committee’s 2013 Scholarship Fund:

David Blackburn Pauline Metcalf Bob Chapman John Simonelli Nancy Golden Tina Strauss

2 3 Railway Travel, continued from front page

one from the late 1830’s and another a reprint of a work of the 1860’s, both of which are reminders of the dynamic nature of railways during the Victorian era. I thought readers of the newsletter would find a brief discussion of them interesting. Item one was discovered by accident in a job lot of books and pamphlets I bought at a local auction earlier in the year. It’s a pocket book entitled, Handbook for Travellers Along the London and Birmingham Railway, complete with 25 wood engravings and a map of the line. The small book appears to have been issued in 1839, just one year after the railway opened in 1838. Engineered by Robert Stephenson, The London and Birmingham Railway was the very first line linking the capital with another major city and ran from the Euston Station to the Curzon Street Station in Birmingham, where it was to link with the Grand Junction Railway. First mooted in the 1820s, early publicity material for potential investors emphasized how it would enable the exchange of goods between the capital and its hinterland; how it would provide easy, cheap and expeditious travelling for people; and how it would eventually provide a direct link with the city of Liverpool and thus connections to Ireland. With a capitalization of five and one-half million pounds and after considerable opposition from landowners along the proposed route, which led to some modifications being made, work began in November 1833. The fully completed line was officially opened on September 17, 1838, and the first train completed the 112.5-mile journey in five and one-half hours. There is a wall plaque at Curzon Street Station that commemorates the arrival of the first train from London to the station on that day. The traveller’s handbook provides a fascinating insight into the nature of the route and the journey undertaken by early passengers using this line, and illustrates the desire of the railway company to satisfy the curiosity of its customers. At the beginning of Chapter 1, there is an interesting description of Philip Hardwick’s renowned Euston Arch entrance: “…the grand entrance is formed of a majestic doric portico, with antae and two lodges on either side, Top, Euston Station London, 1851. forming offices for booking parcels and extending about three hundred feet in Above, Part of a Euston Arch column being retrieved. The Euston Arch Trust seeks to width, the centre being opposite a wide entrance into Euston Square.” salvage the stones and re-erect the arch. The description continues with information about the height and diameter Left, London and Birmingham Railway of the columns, the overall height of the structure, and the amount of Bramley Hand-Book for Travellers. Fall stone used to erect it. Many of you will know that this great arch was demolished, despite opposition from many pressure groups, including the Victorian Society, in December 1961. The event represented an early “loss” for the society, but prompted a national debate about the future modernization of London. The rubble was sold to fill in a chasm in the Prescott Channel of the River Lee in east London. A society exists today, The Euston Arch Trust, which seeks to salvage the stones and re-erect the arch in front of Euston once

continued on page 16 4 5 Alumni Events in 2012 Alumni Fall Study Program in Southwestern Association Annual Virginia: Lynchburg and Appomattox Meeting Sergei Troubetzkoy

The 2013 Annual Meeting of the Sergei Troubetzkoy (Newport 1990) In September 2013, Mr. Troubetzkoy Pittsburgh Study Tour Alumni Association of the Victorian developed the Fall Study Program held presented two lectures on the history Society Summer Schools was held in in October 2012 for The Victorian Nancy Golden of theatre in Staunton, Virginia as part conjunction with the Victorian Society Society in America in Lynchburg, of a celebration of the 100-year anni- Annual Meeting in Saint Augustine, Bedford, and Appomattox, Virginia. versary of the historic Dixie Theatre. FL. The Alumni meeting was held on In February 2013, Mr. Troubetzkoy Completed in 1913, the theater was From December 7-9, 2012, a small group of alumni participated in the Friday evening, April 26, 2013, at the became one of the first graduates of the originally called the New Theatre. Alumni Associations’ Pittsburgh Study Tour, arranged by John Martine at St. Augustine Hilton Hotel. Twenty new Virginia Destination Professional Plans are underway to renovate the members attended the meeting and Program of the Virginia Hospitality An Unger Brothers sterling silver tray, from the suggestion of Pauline Metcalf. historic theater as a performing arts Sergei Troubetzkoy’s program on American dinner. Bob Chapman, membership The tour was exceptional from the first event—an elaborate reception and Travel Association. In March 2013, center. ✦ silver design. Courtesy Sergei Troubetzkoy secretary, presided in Nancy Golden’s he received the James Payne Memorial at Ibiza, a restaurant in Pittsburg’s South Side, a National Register Historic absence. Golden Horseshoe Award for service District and one that John and his firm, Strada Architecture LLC, worked on Bob reported that John Martine to the Shenandoah Valley Travel with great success—to gallery tours led by exhibition curators. had organized a successful Pittsburgh Association, and in September 2013 Friday, the shuttle bus took us in drizzle to The Frick Art Museum to see Study Tour that netted over $2,000 he was presented with the Elizabeth the stunning exhibition, Impression of Interiors, Gilded Age Paintings by for the Alumni Summer Schools Berry-Moseley Award for Volunteer Walter Gay. American artist Walter Gay (1856–1937) is best known for his Scholarship Fund. Service to Bedford Main Street, Inc. The Alumni Association co-hosted Mr. Troubetzkoy was elected secretary depictions of opulent residential European and American interiors. We were a record number of seven local events to of The Blue Ridge Parkway Association greeted by Bill Bodine, director of the museum, who provided an excellent recruit new Summer Schools students. in May 2013, after having served on introduction to the exhibition. Director of Curatorial Affairs Sarah Hall then New co-sponsors this year were VSA the organization’s Board of Directors for led us through the exhibition. Chapters Savannah and Northern many years. For lunch, we gathered in The Frick’s café, another of John’s stunning New Jersey. Throughout the year, Mr. creations. The Association gave a new record Troubetzkoy presented lectures and amount of $22,525 for 2013 Summer tours for Bedford’s Bower Center for the After lunch, we had a special tour of Clayton, the Henry Clay Frick house, School scholarships. Arts “Cultural Reflections” programs. led by Clayton’s Assistant Curator of Education and Collections Amanda Changes in Alumni Association He created these free programs in Gillen. The Fricks purchased the house in 1882. It was expanded over time and leadership this year include Keith September 2011. They are held at least underwent a four-year restoration, completed in 1990. When the Fricks moved MacKay who stepped down as treasurer, one Sunday afternoon each month. to New York in 1905, they left in the house an astonishing 93 percent of their but remains a director. Jennifer Adams Several of the programs were designed artifacts, including the first painting purchased by Frick, an 1895 George assumed the treasurer duties in January. to coincide with Bower Center exhibi- Sheila Donahue, chair of the Alumni tions, and a few of the most popular Hetzel landscape. The house was decked out for Christmas, and the tour ended Nominating Committee, is leading the programs have been repeated. Mr. with a blazing rendition of Christmas carols on the Orchestrion, which indeed search effort to identify new officers Troubetzkoy was asked to present a sounded like a full orchestra. and directors. Bob encouraged members couple such programs to other organi- Sunday morning, John hosted a breakfast in his office with the most to consider volunteering or suggesting zations, and in one instance a lecture delicious Italian pastries. All were impressed by the drawings and photographs appropriate persons needed to run the was presented to other groups in of projects he and Strada Architecture LLC have worked on, and by seeing his Association. Bedford, Staunton, and Charlottesville, John Simonelli, VSA executive vice Virginia. Topics of Mr. Troubetzkoy’s recent National Trust award for the adaptive re-use design for seven historic president, announced that, for the first program range from nineteenth- and building comprising Pittsburgh’s Market Place. Fully fortified, we hastened time this year, the Summer Schools twentieth-century Native American to spend the day at the Carnegie Museums. Dawn Reid, curatorial assistant, offered a “Victorian Cities Tour,” a five- design, to Aesthetic Movement influ- Department of Decorative Arts and Design, Carnegie Museum of Art, took day part of the London School program, ences in American silver design, to which included travel to the Midlands, the symbolism and iconography in continued on page 40 Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool, nineteenth-century cemeteries. He and places in between. This tour will be even conducted a workshop on serving offered again in 2014. afternoon tea.

6 7 Recent clients include the National Alumni News Trust for Historic Preservation, an internationally known heritage consultant, and the World Bank Urban Development Series. She volunteers for local heritage projects as a writer and event assistant, and is a founder of the fledging Victorian Society of Calgary.

Wilson Stiles (Philadelphia 1985)

From Money to Marriage Miser's is vice president of the Center for Purses at the Philadelphia Museum Architecture Sarasota, the organization of Art. Courtesy Laura Camerlengo spearheading the development of a new In spring 2014, Jennifer Adams satellite campus of the University of (London 2007; Newport 2007) resumes Florida in downtown Sarasota that will her teaching at the Corcoran College of Kelly Conway (Newport 2002) is one of the most exceptionally intact house graduate studies in architecture. Art & Design, with the course, History moving from her position as the examples of aestheticism in architecture The campus will also include a of Modern Design. In fall 2013, Jennifer Carolyn and Richard Barry Curator of and interior design in America. community center for everyone for was a guest lecturer in the George Glass at the Chrysler Museum of Art Ronald M. Gold (Newport 2003) exhibitions, lectures, films, and tours on Mason-Smithsonian MA in the History to the Curator of American Glass at was approved as a federal real estate architecture, both historic and modern. of Decorative Arts program’s (HDA) the Corning Museum of Glass. Kelly appraisal contractor for real estate class, “The Aesthetic Movement in is a 2005 graduate of the Parsons- Architectural historian Susan Wagg, valuations. He now specializes in England and the United States,” in Smithsonian History of Decorative (London 1981; Glasgow 1991) is appraisals of commercial and residential which she spoke about her ongoing Arts Program. the author of the first study of one properties in New York City, The research on Oscar Wilde. of Canada's major late Victorian Margaret Denny (London 2009) was Hamptons, and The Caribbean. architects: Andrew Thomas Taylor. Nenette Arroyo (Newport 2007) awarded the Marlene Nathan Meyerson Keith D. MacKay (Newport 2007), The book, The Architecture of Andrew joined the George Mason-Smithsonian Photography Fellowship Endowment Alumni Association Board Member, Thomas Taylor: Montreal's Square Mile MA in the History of Decorative from the Harry Ransom Center, was recently appointed to the position and Beyond, McGill-Queen's University Arts program as the administrative University of Texas, Austin, July 23– of executive director of the Wilton Press, 2013, is available thru Amazon. and communications coordinator in August 4, 2012. Her studies focused House Museum in Richmond, November 2012. She is responsible for on Victorian Women Photographers Linda Weld (London 2011; Newport Virginia. See the website www. the program’s website, social media, in the Gernsheim Collection. Her 2012) was promoted to Assistant wiltonhousemuseum.org for more internships, and Summer Field School essay, “Catharine Weed Barnes Ward: Professor of Architecture at the information on this evolving historic in Glasgow, and serves as fiscal liaison Advocate for Victorian Women Wentworth Institute of Technology in property. Keith is a graduate of the between the HDA program and George Photographers” is available in the Boston MA. Smithsonian-Corcoran History of Mason University. journal, History of Photography 36, Decorative Arts program. On February 6, 2013, Richard Guy 2(May 2012): 156-71, available online at Laura Camerlengo’s (London 2008) Wilson, author of Edith Wharton at www.tandfonline.com. latest exhibition at the Philadelphia Home, led a discussion on the enduring Museum of Art, From Money to Ian Dungavell, the former director of principles of good, livable design Marriage: Miser’s Purses from the the Victorian Society in the UK, is through an examination of Edith Museum’s Collection features more now the chief executive at Friends of John Martine (London 1979; London For the past 10 years, Kevin Rogers Wharton's and Ogden Codman's 1897 than two dozen miser's purses from the Highgate Cemetery Trust. 2013; Newport 2007) accepted the (Newport 1991) has worked as the treatise The Decoration of Houses. museum’s collection, alongside period The event took place at the New York Mimi Findlay (Newport 1992) was Pittsburgh AIA Historic Preservation project historian at Horace Walpole's illustrations and English artist James School of Interior Design and was in the interiors historian in a project Award of Excellence for Strada Villa, Strawberry Hill. In July 2013, Collinson’s painting, For Sale, from partnership with Edith Wharton’s consisting of researching, restoring, Architecture LLC's work on the Fourth The Strawberry Hill Trust was about 1855–60, which features a young The Mount. Panelists included design decorating and furnishing an 1882 Avenue Dollar Bank Renovation. awarded the prestigious Grand Prix woman holding a miser’s purse. As historian and author Pauline C. townhouse in Manhattan, which won of the 2013 European Union Prize for with her e-book on the same subject, In spring 2013, Anna Nau (Newport Metcalf, interior designer and author the Lucy G. Moses Preservation Award Cultural Heritage/Europa Nostra in the published by the Smithsonian earlier 2008) was part of the writing team Charlotte Moss, and Architectural Digest in April, 2013 from The New York conservation category. this year (and reported in the VSA’s that put together the World Heritage editor and author Mitchell Owens. Landmarks Conservancy. The house, 2102 newsletter), Laura researched the nomination for the San Antonio Kerri Rubman (London 2011) now called the Mayer-Loeb House, was topic as a student in the VSA London Above, Wilton House Museum in Richmond, missions. See Anna’s article on two researches and writes evaluations of gifted by its third owner, Clara Wooli Study program in 2008. Virginia. Courtesy Keith MacKay Gothic revival churches in Philadelphia heritage (mainly pre-WWI) buildings Mayer, to the School of American Opposite, Mayer-Loeb House, NYC. in the current issue of Nineteenth for the City of Calgary, and edits Studies in Athens to preserve and use Photo by Durstan Saylor. Courtesy David Century. articles, books, and reports on historic as headquarters in 1974. The house is Scott Parker Architects preservation and related topics.

8 9 Julian barrow (August 28, 1939– Interior Decorator richard Nelson In Memoriam September 3, 2013), with his wife (May 8, 1933–December 28, 2012) Serena Barrow, was the gracious host began his career in 1956, working for of receptions for the London Summer Sister Parish in New York City. Projects School Scholars for four years, from included work on the John F. Kennedy 2010–2013. He was a noted artist, White House, as well as the family’s recognized for his landscape work private quarters. He opened his own Recently, the VSA Summer Schools and paintings of country houses, business in New York City in the early Alumni Association lost several of conversation pieces, and interiors. 1960s, and again in Newport, Rhode its highly valued offi cers, members, He exhibited at the Royal Academy Island in the late 1970s. Mr. Nelson Summer Exhibition, the Fine Art and supporters: worked with the Newport Preservation Society in London, and the W M Brady Society on the restoration of several Gallery in New York City. The Alumni Bellevue Avenue mansions. His work Association donated a scholarship for a was published in prominent periodi- 2014 London scholar in his memory. cals such as House and Garden, House Beautiful, and the New York Times billie britz (December 6, 1925–May 15, 2013), was an architectural historian Sunday Magazine. In 1996, a Newport and two-term president of the Victorian project for which Mr. Nelson was the Society in America. She earned designer was selected for the front cover her undergraduate degree from the and featured article in Architectural University of Michigan and a master’s Digest. And, photos of Mr. Nelson’s own degree in historic preservation from home were featured in the January 1998 Columbia University. She worked at issue of British House & Garden. The preserving greenhouses and published Alumni Association donated a scholar- a variety of articles on historic green- ship for a 2013 Newport scholar in his houses and gardens. memory. Harry schalck (January 30, 1926– Architectural historian loretta December 19, 2012) was the co-chair lorance (February 26, 2011, deceased) was a past administrator of the VSA of the VSA’s Education Committee. Summer Schools program. She He received his PhD from Clark obtained her PhD from CUNY, was a University, having written his disserta- faculty member at the School of Visual tion on nineteenth-century newspapers. Arts in New York City, and published He was involved with architectural the 2009 Becoming Bucky Fuller, history and preservation throughout his MIT Press, which traces the career life. He served as secretary, treasurer, of renowned architect and futurist vice president, and president of the Richard Buckminster “Bucky” Fuller. Philadelphia Chapter of the Society of Architectural Historians, and was active in the Chester County Historical Society. For 26 years, he was a professor of english and european history at West Chester University and chair of the Department. He also taught at the University's Institute of British Cultural Studies at Manchester College of Oxford University. He worked on the Census of Stained Glass Windows in America and published numerous above, JUliaN barroW with his wife, Top, ricHard NelsoN chats with Newport monographs on British and American sereNa barroW and eliZabeTH lecKie, 2011 scholars during his annual tea on the culture, including one on West Chester assistant director, london summer school. fi rst evening of the program. courtesy courtesy elizabeth leckie Jennifer carlquist architect T. Roney Williamson.

left, JUliaN barroW at his home and studio, once the home of John singer sargent. courtesy elizabeth leckie

10 11 Recruitment New England Washington, DC Chapter Events The VSA Washington Metropolitan Alumni Sheila Donahue and other Chapter and the Alumni Association members of The Victorian Society in of the VSA Summer Schools hosted America/New EnglandChapter hosted a reception on January 29, 2013, for a recruitment event on November 27, prospective students to attend the 2013 2012, at the Gibson House Museum, VSA Newport and London Summer Boston. The event featured a talk on Schools. The event was held at the international preservation by Melanie Smithsonian’s S. Dillon Ripley Center, Hall, associate professor and director which houses the Smithsonian-Mason ‘New Discoveries’ This past February, the Cooper-Hewitt’s New Jersey of museum studies in the Department MA in the History of Decorative Arts Library and Master’s Program joined of History of Art and Architecture, program forces with the VSA Summer Schools Event Hosted by Boston University, and author of Jennifer Adams (Newport 2011; Committee and Alumni Association On February 7, 2013, the Northern Towards World Heritage: International London 2007) and Kimberly Robinson to host an informational event about New Jersey Chapter of the Victorian the Cooper-Hewitt Origins of the Preservation Movement, (London 2012) described their Summer the Summer Schools, featuring a Society in America co-hosted with the 1978-1930. Elizabeth Holbrook and School experiences and showed photo- Jennifer Carlquist, lecture by Richard Guy Wilson. The Alumni Association a cocktail party Linda Weld, recent alumnae of the graphs of sites visited during their VSA Summer Schools Cooper-Hewitt is closed while under- and Summer School recruitment event. VSA Summer Schools, shared their attendance at the Summer Schools. A Administrator going major renovation, but the library A beautiful invitation was designed and sent to three local universities Summer School experiences with number of alumni from previous years The VSA Summer Schools (VSASS) and M.A. program graciously opened that have Historic Preservation and prospective students. also attended and answered questions have long enjoyed close ties with the a classroom, which made Professor Museum Studies graduate programs. about the programs. Master’s Program in the History of Wilson feel perfectly at home. The event was held at a private Decorative Arts and Design at the VSASS Committee Co-Chair John residence where Annie Oakley was a Cooper-Hewitt, National Design San Francisco Simonelli (Newport 1996, London frequent visitor. The current owner Museum. Nearly every year, Cooper- Pittsburgh 2006, Midlands 2013) welcomed the Ruth Bedford is the niece of Annie Ian and Maggie Berke hosted over Hewitt students and alumni have few dozen attendees and introduced Oakley’s good friend, Jane. 40 alumni and prospective students Strata Architecture’s Pittsburgh office attended the Newport or London Kimberly Robinson described her London the evening’s speakers: James Russiello in their treasure-filled home in was the scene on January 21, 2013, of experiences at the VSA Washington Chapter programs. Dr. Sarah Lichtman (London Summer Schools brochures as well (Newport 2012, London 2013), San Francisco on February 9, 2013. an Alumni Summer School recruit- Reception. 2001, Newport 2005), who serves as as Alumni newsletters were passed who beautifully illustrated his “life- Hannah Sigur having just defended ment event hosted by John A. Martine interim director of the Cooper-Hewitt out while cocktails and hors d’oeuvres changing” experience in Newport in her Ph.D. thesis, “Neoclassicism and AIA (London 1979 and 2013, Newport program, encourages her students to were served. The speaker for the 2012, and Elizabeth Broman (Newport National Identity: Japan, the United 2007). Close to 30 people attended, build upon their curriculum and further event, Ted Reilly, is the manuscript 2010, London 2011), who described the States, and International Expositions including John’s office colleagues and their research by getting out the class- reference librarian in the Manuscript historic, technological, and aesthetic 1862-1915,” from the Institute of Fine invited guests. He tempted his staff room and attending programs like the Department of the New York Historical significance of nineteenth-century Arts, New York University, shared to stay late with a sumptuous spread Summer Schools. She has for several Society. Ted was a recipient of a cast iron she was able to see firsthand her experiences as both a student and of Scotch Eggs, traditional tea sand- years volunteered on the VSA Summer scholarship that enabled him to attend during the London Summer School. a lecturer at the Newport Summer wiches, Stilton cheese and crackers, Schools Committee and helps maintain the Newport Summer School. He spoke Richard Guy Wilson followed with School. Jessee Wilson-Grainger, a two kinds of imported British ale, the Summer Schools’ mission to be exuberantly about his experience in his usual combination of insight and 2012 Alumni Association Scholarship and shortbread cookies for dessert! both academically rigorous and acces- Rhode Island. Several of the attendees enthusiasm, in a lecture entitled, “Can recipient, talked about how her London Dan Holland (London, 2012) gave an sible to a broad audience. expressed interest in attending the You Believe It?: New Discoveries for experience augments her work. Ian Summer School. excellent presentation of the program's Sarah’s efforts are aided by several of the Summer School.” He discussed the enthusiastically led small groups on highlights. Many questions were asked, her colleagues, including Stephen Van ongoing reexamination of Orientalism Approximately 20 attended. Good food, tours of his collections of clocks, silver, and Dan and John fielded them with Dyk and Elizabeth Broman, two of in Newport and its surrounding area, as great house, and enthusiastic speaker. It and Herter Brothers furniture, while much aplomb! The end result was two the Cooper-Hewitt’s esteemed team seen in Marble House’s famed Chinese was a wonderful event. Maggie served amazing hors d’eouvres successful applications to Newport, and of librarians. Both are seasoned art Tea House (c. 1913) to lesser-known and wine. Steven Haigh’s slide show of John himself deciding it was time for a examples, such as the painted walls Ian and Maggie Berke, generous hosts of historians, actively involved in the London ran continuously on his laptop. “refresher course” in London. the San Francisco Alumni event. Photograph VSA’s New York Metropolitan Chapter. of the Vernon House (c. 1730s), and Steven and Hank Dunlop had worked by Fred Golden They help raise the profile of the elements of McKim, Mead and White’s diligently to invite many leaders in the Summer Schools among the Cooper- 1880-90s designs. With the help of our preservation field in the Bay Area and Hewitt students and staff, as well as the Cooper-Hewitt friends, Richard and his Sacramento, which accounted for the library’s many external users. fellow speakers demonstrated that there large turnout. Alumni President Nancy is always more to learn during the VSA Golden thanked Ian and Maggie for Summer Schools. hosting the event and for their generous donation of the food and wine. 12 13 Right, Richard Guy Wilson lectures to the Savannah Chapter of the VSA. Annual Bottom, lecture attendees enjoy a brief reception before Professor Wilson’s second lecture. Photographs courtesy Summer Shannon Schaefer School Receptions Nancy Golden

VSA Savannah Welcomes Richard The Alumni Association again co-hosted receptions for the Summer Guy Wilson Schools students in 2013. Justin Gunther The Newport Summer School Reception, held on June 5, 2013, was graciously hosted by Pauline Metcalf The Savannah Chapter of The at her family’s home, Philmoney, in Victorian Society in America welcomed Exeter. It was a perfect spring evening Richard Guy Wilson, Commonwealth with the gardens at their absolute peak. Professor and Chair, Department of Pauline warmly welcomed the students of the Townsend and Goddard families; Architectural History, University and provided a history of Philmoney. and the seemingly unparalleled summer of Virginia, and course director of VSA President Tina Strauss and social scene. The audience particu- the Newport Summer School, for a VSA Executive Vice President John larly enjoyed learning the history special event at St. John’s Episcopal Simonelli welcomed the students on of Kingscote, the first purpose-built Church, Cranmer Hall, on January behalf of the VSA. Alumni President summer cottage in Newport. Designed 25, 2013. Organized in association Nancy Golden also welcomed the by Richard Upjohn in 1839, Kingscote with the UVaClub of Savannah and students and urged them to be ambas- served as a summer refuge for George the University of Virginia Alumni sadors of the Summer Schools by Noble Jones of Savannah’s Wormsloe Association, the evening featured a encouraging their colleagues and Plantation. reception and two talks by Richard Guy friends to attend. Sadly missing at the Wilson. After a brief reception, Wilson event was Richard Nelson, who was presented his second program, such a jovial feature holding court Presenting to a packed house of “Thomas Jefferson’s Architecture and at previous receptions. The Alumni VSA chapter members and the local Its Impact in the South: Creating a Association donated a scholarship for a Savannah community, Wilson first National Image.” Wilson began by and served as inspiration for subse- 2013 Newport scholar in his memory. explored the richness of Newport in his discussing the influences that helped quent buildings throughout the South. talk, “Newport, Queen of the American The London Summer School define Jefferson as one of our country’s In Savannah this influence was best Resorts.” Through stunning imagery Reception was held on Friday, June 12, greatest amateur architects. Through expressed through the work of James and vivid descriptions, the audience 2013, in the studio of Julian Barrow. up the White House, built for him Top, the Newport group gathered at his extensive travels and voracious Hamilton Couper. A plantation owner Philmoney, Pauline Metcalf's family home received a preview of the experiences Julian and Serena Barrow were once next door by architect E.W. Godwin. reading, Jefferson developed an intense and amateur architect, Couper modeled in Exeter, RI. Photograph by Jame Russiello made available to Victorian Society again gracious hosts providing a special The studio, with its high ceilings, passion for architecture, and once wrote his design for Savannah’s Christ Summer School participants. Since evening for all. Liz Leckie, London beautiful paintings and furnishings, Below, London Summer School reception that “architecture is my delight, and Church after the Virginia Capitol in an with julian Barrow. its founding in the seventeen century, Summer School assistant director, and a stunning prospect northeast over putting up, and pulling down, one of effort to break from traditional church Newport has been an artistic and and John Martine, alumni association Christopher Wren’s Royal Hospital my great amusements.” Jefferson found design, which promoted a feeling of cultural center, and Wilson discussed director, welcomed the students and Chelsea made the perfect setting to his inspiration in the work of ancient British Colonialism, and created an the city’s importance as an unparalleled talked about the mission of the Alumni welcome the class of 2013 into the Greece and Rome, particularly through architectural expression for the new classroom for the study of art, archi- Association. Alumni Association. Andrea Palladio’s The Four Books of democracy. tecture, landscape, and social history Architecture. The Virginia Capitol The Barrow’s studio, where they have Julian Barrow was himself a noted artist from the colonial period to the Gilded Richard Guy Wilson’s visit to Savannah building, Jefferson’s expression of cubic made their home for many years, was and traveled widely for his landscape Age. Wilson highlighted the opulent was wonderfully enriching for all in geometry, and The Rotunda at the once the home and studio of John work. Sadly, Julian Barrow recently architecture of McKim, Mead and attendance, and the Savannah Chapter University of Virginia, his embodiment Singer Sargent. He lived there from passed away. The Alumni Association White and Richard Morris Hunt; the hopes to host Wilson again in the near of spherical proportions, are among 1886 until his death in 1925. James donated a scholarship for a 2014 extraordinary art of Gilbert Stuart and future. ✦ his finest architectural contributions McNeill Whistler also lived in the London scholar in his memory. ✦ John LaFarge; the exceptional furniture building for a brief period after giving

14 15 Railway, Ian Cox, continued from page 5 decision to bridge it and take it over George Bradshaw, a Lancastrian Those of you reading this article the canal meant an inclined ramp from cartographer, printmaker, and will remember the summer school visit Euston to the bridge that all trains publisher, is best known for producing to Stoke-on-Trent and recognize this as again, but it’s unlikely to happen and would have to negotiate before going the most important, successful, and a succinct and accurate description of it would essentially end up being a on to Camden. According to page 11 longest running of the integrated the nature of the Staffordshire pottery reproduction if it did. The Hardwick of the handbook, trains were hauled railway timetables. The first editions towns in the middle of the nineteenth Arch at Curzon Street, Birmingham, by ropes up this incline by stationery of these came out in 1839 just before century. however, does survive, and every year steam engines built and installed in the introduction of standardized In more recent times, the guide has we get the chance to see it on the housing at Camden. When the train railway time in November 1840. been used by BBC television presenter coach tour of the city, which forms reached the canal bridge “the carriages From December 1841, they were Michael Portillo as a basis for a series part of the Summer School’s trip to the are detached from the rope and allowed issued as Bradshaw’s Monthly Railway of modern railway journeys round north of England led by Gavin Stamp. to run along the line till they meet Guide at a cost of sixpence. Soon the Britain entitled, Great British Railway (see cover) with the locomotive engine by which publication and its producer became Journeys, the first series broadcast early The handbook provides details of it is afterwards propelled.” This is synonymous and for most travellers a in 2010. The huge popularity of the all parts of the line to Birmingham, interesting, but possibly not the entire railway timetable in the Victorian and programmes led to a second series in including the en route stations. One of picture. Further research revealed that Edwardian period became known as 2011 and a third in 2012. A comparison the most interesting bits is also to be one of the L&BR engineers, Peter a Bradshaw. It was a publication that between the Bradshaw descriptions of found in Chapter 1, which deals with Lecount, who produced a history of the was to survive into the mid-twentieth places along each route with how the the route of the railway from Euston railway in 1839 stated that “it is not century—the last issue coming out in places appear today seemed to fascinate to Camden Town. Just to the north of because the locomotives cannot draw a 1961. the viewing public. It is for this reason Euston Station is the Regent’s Canal, train of carriages up this incline that a Perhaps less well known now, but that the guide has been published an eighteenth-century structure that fixed engine and endless rope are used, in facsimile form and at £10 it seems Cartographer, printmaker, and publisher very popular in its own time, was the George Bradshaw. links the Thames at Limehouse with for they can and have done so, but series of traveller’s guides Bradshaw very reasonable indeed. The railway Wood engraving from the central London and beyond. The because the Company are restricted by produced in 1863 for passengers using journeys, which many of you might Handbook for Travellers Along the problem facing Stephenson and his their Act of Parliament from running the train system for pleasure. The four find interesting, are available on DVD, London and Birmingham Railway. team was whether to take the new locomotive engines nearer London volumes set out to act as a gazetteer and a copy of the guide would make a railway over or under this canal. The than Camden Town.” It would appear describing, often in some detail, the perfect present for anyone interested in that locomotives hauled the trains up characteristics of towns and places the Victorian railways of Britain. the incline from opening day on July along selected railway routes across the So, two separate but not unrelated 20, 1837, until the rope system came country. In many ways it was the very publications have stimulated me to into full use on October 14, 1837. The first tourist guide organized round the write this short article about Victorian rope system was discontinued in 1843. idea of railway journeys. railways in Britain and brought to mind There isn’t room available to provide Consider for example the entry for not only the architectural heritage further details from this fascinating Stoke in Staffordshire: their development has left behind, little book, but the above account but also stressed their importance to reveals the outlines of what proved “This is the busy capital of the the socio-economic development of to be an absorbing tale of ambitious Staffordshire Potteries, a district 9 Britain in the middle of the nineteenth engineering and complex politics, miles long, including Longton, Fenton, century. It is right and proper we should which affected both the construction Hanley, Burslem, Etruria, Tunstall & duly consider that importance in the and operation of the new railway. ………. It returns two members, nearly London Summer School program. I am My second item was purchased all the population of 101,207 employed delighted we see so many sites related at the Northampton home of model in the manufacturing of pottery or the to this fascinating mode of transport railway engine manufacturer Mr. arts connected with it. Potters clay during our two-week sojourn round Basset Lowke—a house modified for (though of course quality) and coal Britain. ✦ him by Charles Rennie Mackintosh are both abundant, hence the peculiar in the Edwardian period. There in the advantage hitherto possessed by this museum shop was a facsimile edition of spot. Stout, low kilns are smoking Bradshaw’s guide, the 1863 edition of about everywhere, each the centre of Bradshaw’s Descriptive Railway Hand- a pottery establishment for which a Book of Great Britain and Ireland. ‘Bank’ is the local name ….. At these, and at Mintons are produced the most beautiful porcelain rivalling the finest made abroad; also the terracotta, tessellated tiles and so extensively used in new churches and the small figures in imitation of marble statuary.”

16 17 Snapshots of the Summer School London Summer School by Tours Provide a Shiny Present Three 2013 Alums James Russiello London Summer School 2013

Favorite sites? Gothic. Italianate. Newport. London. Last year with Director Richard Guy Wilson, the Norney Grange Two Impressive class visited Newport’s Kingscote The last day of the tour included a tour (1839) and Edward King House (1847), Sites of Norney Grange with the owner, both designed by Richard Upjohn, Richard Brandi Russell Clapshaw. After two weeks of who was among the earlier architects London Summer School 2013 constant traveling by foot, Tube, and who pioneered the importation of bus, I was very glad for the tea in the those styles to the United States. This garden. The weather was perfect (it was year in London, Co-Director Gavin even too warm) and I came to under- Stamp walked the class into or around The Victorian Society of America stand how much the English love their Gothicist Sir George Gilbert Scott’s London Summer School program gardens when the weather is accom- several Gothic wonders around the contained a wide range of buildings. modating. ✦ UK. However, to hold onto one of his Two sites impressed me in unexpected 2013 students outside The Regency Town larger commissions, the Foreign Office ways. House, a Grade I-listed terraced home of the (1861–74), Scott had to change styles. imagine J.R.R. Tolkien studying in these stacks of Exeter College Library, mid-1820s. Photograph by Richard Brandi Handling the exterior (the interior was Regency Town House designed by Sir George Gilbert Scott. Photograph by James Russiello split with Matthew Digby Wyatt), Scott During the tour of The Regency Town designed a Gothic civic structure for a William Butterfield’s costly design in a Pugin expert. It was a thrill to see House, Brunswick Square, Hove, Conservative government but managed formerly low-status brick for that newly Parliament and Cheadle with such outside Brighton, our host Nick Tyson to keep the commission during a founded affordable Oxford college. experts. And intimidating! So I don’t explained how he came upon the Liberal government by redesigning in The architect avoided the total spatial want to say much about Pugin but I will house some years ago and made the that parties’ favored Italianate style. enclosure typical of Oxford quadrangles say that I met up with my former boss acquaintance of an elderly woman who Scott pulled it off but always wanted and constructed its medieval Middle in Oxford who in the 1960s had driven lived in the basement. She had been a Gothic design, and erected such a Pointed Gothic design in polychromatic Sir Nikolaus Pevsner around while he a housekeeper of the house and was fine and prominent Italianate structure brick and buff stone, unmistakably was writing his Buildings of England allowed to live there after the owners damaged his reputation as a proponent High Victorian in a sharply contrasting series. I remember one snippet of passed away. Tyson said the woman of the Gothic Revival. The incident and startlingly unaesthetic way. To me, wisdom conveyed to my boss off the cuff lived alone and would walk to the store reminded me of Richard Morris Hunt’s I love the college for its resemblance when he had identified some stained once a week and buy vegetables. After two drawn-up designs for The Breakers to that of a “razzle dazzle” camou- glass by William Wailes of Newcastle- cooking a large stew, she would store it (1893-95). Hunt favored a Gothic flaged World War I battleship or the on-Tyne: “Wailes was balding so his without refrigeration and that would be design. Client Alice Vanderbilt selected playfulness of re-worked common- male figures generally have receding her meal for the week. This story put his Italianate design, and the client is place materials on Frank Gehry’s hairlines.” Thus while my classmates a human face on the restoration of the always right. own Santa Monica residence and his swarmed the gold and glitter that is house. Begun as a fashionable devel- other 1970s works. Snuggled around Cheadle—Cheadle: consolation to all It’s hard to isolate a site in Oxford. opment, then passing through a long the rear of Butterfield’s blocks was the of Pugin’s woes—I found the shiny While living in Oxford and in the period of decline and now experiencing later Blackhall Road residential annex chrome dome of a Wailes figurative UK, I always visited Oxford whenever a renaissance, The Regency Town (1972-80, Ahrends, Burton & Koralek), window. I always dreaded the baldness there was an open house but never House typified how Victorian Britain a well-designed mid-century structure that runs in my family, but maybe I managed to enter a college library. rose to preeminence in the later nine- playfully and comfortably juxtaposed should be looking forward to a stained- On this trip, the class was invited into teenth century and then faded as its with its nineteenth-century philosoph- glass future. Everyone considering the Exeter College Library and viewed economy lost ground to other countries. ical equal. Summer Schools should look forward William Morris’s own copy of the to a shiny future. ✦ Kelmscott Press’ Works of Geoffrey Pugin author, Rosemary Hill, was a Chaucer (1896). A little later in the day, lecturer and one of our tour guides for we wandered into the striped-bacon, the Palace of Westminster. Another Gothic-style Keble College (1868-76), classmate was a professor and A.W.N.

18 19 slightly sloping street and is entered by Corporation Street. This building The One That a staircase located under a large, ornate (designed by different architects) is also Artists’ Houses in London: Got Away archway. The most prominent decora- clad in red terracotta and consists of a tion is centered here and is crowned large three-story central structure with The Holland Park Circle Frampton Tolbert by a seated statue of Queen Victoria, a prominent tower. It currently awaits Newport Summer School 2013 designed by sculptor Harry Bates. The plans for redevelopment and has visible interior of the building is quite different plant growth on parts of the facade. than the exterior, clad in a much paler, Hopefully an appropriate reuse plan can Surprisingly my favorite building buff-colored terracotta, but also quite be found for both of these incredibly of the Victorian Society London detailed in ornamentation. Several of significant and worthwhile structures so Summer School was the one that got the courtrooms, which the Summer I will be able to visit them again, next away. As with many of the students, School visited, maintain Victorian-era time with a camera. ✦ I was a constant photographer, docu- elements, including wood paneling. ELIZABETH Leckie Assistant Director, London Summer School menting all of the sites we visited Sadly, the entire complex has a forlorn across England. But when the bus feeling. Many of the courts have moved In the 1860s, a new type of dwelling appeared in London, the purpose-built pulled up to the Victoria Law Courts out and the city of Birmingham plans in Birmingham and we were told we’d to move the remaining courts from artist’s house, incorporating a working studio and much, much more. Prior have to go through security in the the building, rendering it obsolete. to this, artists adapted space at home; erected a small, separate structure in building and leave our cameras, I left While its Grade I listing, the highest the garden; or found rooms away from home to serve as a studio and place to both my camera and my camera phone government recognition, offers it a high receive patrons and sitters. By the 1860s, their changing social status prompted on the bus. The loss hurts me to this level of protection, it is still in danger successful painters and sculptors to work with architects in creating houses to day as the building was such a stun- of decay and neglect. Exacerbating announce their place in the new order. ning essay in Victorian architecture this feeling is the large-scale, c. and material technology, and I have no 1903 Methodist Central Hall across The establishment in 1768 of the Royal Academy gave artists greater profes- images of my own to remember it by. sional recognition. The aim of its founders was to set formal standards through The Victoria Law Courts date from teaching, exhibition, membership, and prizes, to strengthen the idea of a 1887 to 1891, and encompass an entire Victoria Law Courts (1887-91, Webb & Bell). national school of British art. Its founding president, Joshua Reynolds, received city block in downtown Birmingham Photograph by James Russiello along Corporation Street. The archi- a knighthood, and the position of artists in British society began to rise, from tects of the building were Webb & that of artisan to gentleman. By the beginning of Victoria’s reign in 1837, Bell, and the law courts were the first successful artists had begun to feel socially secure among their patrons. The major commission for the firm. They most prominent achieved enormous popularity and were the greatest celebri- also worked on numerous other build- ties of their day. Critics, dealers, gallery owners, journalists, and satirists all ings throughout England and were contributed to their growing fame. Illustrated monthlies like Artists at Home widely known in the Victorian era, designing portions of the Victoria and and gossip magazines like The Strand offered an intimate view of the artistic Photograph of Valentine Prinsep in his studio, One Holland Park Road. Albert Museum and King’s College at household, and the public hung on every word and image. Cambridge. The first of these houses appeared at the southern edge of the Holland estate in The exterior of the building is entirely Kensington. An artistic circle had been formed in the 1850s by Sara and Thoby clad in a rich, red terracotta and red Prinsep, when they took a 21-year lease from Lord Holland for the dower house brick and topped by a multi-colored on the estate. Known as Little Holland House, it was the scene of Sunday slate roof with an iron cresting. Despite being a single color, the intricate afternoon garden parties where Sara Prinsep presided over an unconventional patterns and designs throughout the mixture of promising young artists and well-to-do patrons. Painter and sculptor terracotta enliven the structure and George Frederick Watts, who lived with them, was the ethereal spirit at the include chimney stacks and two slender, center of this circle, which included, among others, John Everett Millais, ornate towers. The building is sited on a Edward Burne-Jones, and Frederic Leighton. The Prinseps were an Anglo- Indian family, recently arrived from Calcutta, who created an atmosphere that was exotic and freer than in other London salons. Their son, Valentine, studied painting with Watts and mixed with the Pre-Raphaelites. In the meantime, financial worries stemming in part from Lady Holland’s gambling debts, caused her family to begin leasing parcels of land on the perimeter of the estate. In 1864, 26-year old Val Prinsep decided to build himself a house on newly-laid

20 21 out Holland Park Road. He chose Philip himself a Norman tower across the Webb as architect, perhaps because road from Watts, a scaled-down version of his success with the Red House for of two idealized Medieval castles he William Morris, and the new structure restored for his patron, the Marquess of was the fi rst purpose-built artist’s house Bute. in London. It was red brick, in country What did artists want when they had parsonage style with Queen Anne the opportunity to have houses built for details. More than half the space of the them? Studios, usually more than one, house was dedicated to the two-storey with ample space; north light, adjust- studio. able in summer and winter; apparatus Also in 1864, Frederic Leighton to accommodate lifting and storing was made an associate of the Royal enormous canvases; dressing rooms; Academy and began to plan a house and a separate entrance for models. for himself next door to his young They also wanted living areas for their friend Prinsep. In a series of building families and formal rooms to show off phases over many years, he worked to patrons, friends, and the crowds who with the architect George Aitchison streamed into these houses each year to design a house to suit his particular on Exhibition Sunday to view paint- tastes and professional demands. The ings about to be submitted to the Royal simple exterior belies the richness Academy show. of the interior, with its spectacular Not every artist of note chose to live domed Arab Hall. In 1874, after more near Holland Park. Millais commis- property was released for development sioned a neo-Renaissance palazzo at and Little Holland House was slated Palace Gate, Burne-Jones settled in for demolition, G.F. Watts sublet land Fulham, and Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s from Prinsep to build a large house house and spectacular 3-storey studio for himself in nearby Melbury Road. with aluminum-leafed ceiling was in Working with architect F.P. Cockerell St. John’s Wood. Rosetti and Whistler he designed a house with, eventually, chose more bohemian Chelsea. three studios, a conservatory, and a picture gallery for displaying his work. The Holland Park Circle, however, It was called new Little Holland House. established the fi rst artists’ colony in Victorian London. They hired In 1875, new neighbors arrived in prominent architects to satisfy their Melbury Road. Marcus Stone and professional and social requirements, Luke Fildes were the fi rst. Close friends and other artists followed suit. This, and rivals, they both hired Richard in turn, infl uenced houses designed Norman Shaw to design their houses for the upper and middle classes, and The opulent, domed arab Hall in the home in the newly-popular Queen Anne later the studio fl ats built on specula- of Frederic leighton, designed with George style. Stone used his garden as a back- aitchison. tion for artists fl ocking to London. drop for his sentimental and historical Today, the neighborhood is still a red- subjects. Fildes’s house was larger, with brick Queen Anne enclave, and most an enormous studio where Edward VII of the houses survive. Little Holland sat for his portrait. Fildes could count House is gone, but Leighton House, on 700 to 1,000 visitors through his meticulously restored and open to the assistant director eliZabeTH lecKie atop house on open Sundays. The artistic public, interprets the life of one of the the balcony at the oxford Union society Thorneycroft family commissioned “Olympians” of Victorian painting, and surveying its early pre-raphaelite frescoes a double house by John Belcher to by rosetti, Morris, burne-Jones, Hughes, offers a visit to one of the “Art Homes accommodate sculptor William Hamo pollen, prinsep, and stanhope. photograph of Kensington.” ✦ Thorneycroft, and his parents and courtesy James russiello sisters. There were studios for all and the adjoining house was rented to provide income. Gothic Revival archi- tect and designer William Burges was a close friend of Leighton. He built

22 23 The Second Time is the Charm

Gina Santucci Victorian Cities Midlands Tour 2013

Bill Ayres, John Simonelli (both good Midlands. Alan Crawford’s lecture on and its canal to those found in New sports and up for anything) and I were historic pubs at the The Barton Arms York. The Manchester Mills have a colleagues in this "repeat performance" (great Thai food) was very illuminating light, almost feminine quality, perhaps Victorian Cities tour. At least, it was and placed pub architecture within a due to the types of goods manufac- a repeat performance for me as I was a rich historic context. tured there, as opposed to Brooklyn’s student in the London Summer School DUMBO (Down Under the Manhattan The Bank of England, Liverpool. The Stoke-on-Trent pottery museum class of 2009. I was so pleased to be able Bridge Overpass) and Gowanus Canal Photograph by Gina Santucci to go on the Northern trip again. As is always a treat. Again, “not of the neighborhoods, which both feature period” but most interesting to me Bill Ayers, John Simonelli, and Gina the alumni know, the two-week course heavy duty manufacturing. DUMBO is Santucci at Wightwick Manor. Photograph is such a whirlwind of events that even professionally was the Staffordshire especially dramatic, shadowed as it is by James Russiello four years later, I was longing to go Hoard exhibit, which was pure archae- with the massive Piranesian infrastruc- back and really be able to concentrate ology. I was impressed by how well the ture of the Brooklyn and Manhattan on certain places and aspects of the site was interpreted and by the volume Bridges. trip. This was a great opportunity. of visitors, who appeared engaged and involved with the exhibit. In New Manchester’s John Ryland’s Library was The first unusual event was the HEAT. York City, I work with the city’s urban interesting to me for its modern addi- I forgot how airless the Tube is in archaeologists, most notably with the tion. The skillful use of masonry and summer. I was fascinated by the local African Burial Ground. The U.S. glass, plus the respect shown for the Underground custom of opening the also has a significant level of ongoing existing design and architectural vocab- window in the front of the car to public interest and engagement in ulary of the historic building, was an let in the cool breeze, and then one archaeology. inspiration. In the States, one does not individual planting oneself in front of often see that level of sensitivity in new said window, taking all the cool air. In Liverpool is just, Liverpool. An amazing additions. The Federal standard that the NYC subway, this would easily be collection of buildings in a beautiful states that new additions must be differ- grounds for homicide. natural setting on a series of hills, a entiated from the old usually results in a former major port city, combined with type of design overkill, creating glaring When I first heard of the a funky in-your-face sensibility. Not and overbearing new additions, which Northhampton Shoe Museum, I was unlike New York! I always feel right at do not reference the historic buildings somewhat puzzled by its inclusion in home there. at all. the tour. It didn't seem to be “of the period,” which is ever the watchword Liverpool Anglican Cathedral, and its Back in New York, the sights and of the Summer School. But it is a great attendant necropolis nestled next to impressions from the trip are with me example of the small museum, richly it on the cliff side, is one of a kind. It on a daily basis. The respect and care packed with artifacts and extremely appears to have a unique juxtaposition shown for the buildings and historic well interpreted. Never having been of uses for the period it spans. Victorian sites as shown in the School tour keeps a shoe collector (flat feet) I was cemeteries in America were designed me inspired and motivated. Even more fascinated. more as the first public parks rather so the second time around! ✦ than attached to religious complexes. Birmingham is a wonderful collec- tion of historic buildings that feels A tour of the Ancoats mills and canals somewhat isolated like an island in the in Manchester was a highlight. It is interesting to compare this set of mills

24 25 Creamery. In the end, 10 days was not Newport Summer School: long enough in getting to know our Preservation via Reuse newfound friends. Learn, Understand, and Often, students were joined by their in Newport course director, guest lecturers, or Appreciate Among Friends the selection committee, whom we all enjoyed getting to know on a personal level. Members of the selec- tion committee, especially, amazed students with how well they remem- bered everyone from our application process—making inquiries about our Baxter Craven Newport Summer School 2013 individual jobs, hobbies, and other Noël Harris Freeze Newport Summer School 2013 interests. They were extremely inter- ested in fostering a passion for historic Anyone can go see Newport on their own, and have a great time there, but not preservation and actively encouraged Newport curators, parishioners, re-enactors, and home- everyone can experience it with such wonderful people—as gathered by the further participation with the Victorian owners in their own way, commemorate or tell the story of Victorian Society in America. Undoubtedly though, its selection committee Society, beyond our summer school characters from the city’s past. During my visit to Newport finds top-notch students for every Summer School as a good reputation experience with them. with VSA’s Summer School, my class encountered the preceded our arrival there. Newporters so warmly welcomed us to their City by In reviewing the many notes, pictures, legacies of millworkers, shipping magnates, and gilded-age the Sea that we found ourselves among friends—even before our names were and brochures, one quote stands out the tennis enthusiasts at extraordinary properties, each detail known to them. most to me. One in a painting by Mrs. contributing to the culmination of nineteenth-century Milton Sanford at the Villa Marina, American culture. While some sites still serve their original Not only did we tour properties operated by the Newport Historical Society which reads: “What are we here for if purpose, others live on as museums. However, we visited a and the Preservation Society of Newport County, but students were also not to help one another?” Admittedly, few architecturally significant sites whose façades mask the invited into private homes, which speaks highly for the Victorian Society’s this is not something that I noticed while visiting there, but it has become unexpected activities now held within. honor. Its good name opened doors, which would have been closed other- a house motto for the now bed-and- wise, allowing us an intimate look into the development of Newport from the breakfast, and it could easily be a motto Declining attendance and deferred maintenance resulted in seventeenth to nineteenth centuries, and even to the present day. This travel for the Newport Summer School, as the current condition of Newport’s Congregational Church through time provided a broad knowledge about Newport, and fully immersed well. What was anyone there for if building. RISD’s cross-disciplinary studio project at the its students into a culture, which has produced examples of quintessential not to help one another learn, under- site aims to ensure the endurance of this cultural, but no American art and architecture. stand, and appreciate things through longer sacred, landmark. The church may transform into a our different eyes, backgrounds, and spa, a wedding chapel, or a restaurant, but Lafarge’s iconic Undeniably, condensing over 300 years into a 10-day program was a dizzying perspectives? stained glass will survive. Though initially transformed whirlwind of information, but the Victorian Society found experts, lecturers, Certainly, the many photo albums from a dwelling into a library, the Edward King House now and students with wide-ranging interests and backgrounds to help us better shared online have highlighted this provides public good as a senior activity center, beautifully appreciate it all. Homeowners, too, were extremely knowledgeable about their fact. There were countless details that maintaining its early Victorian integrity. The W.W. Sherman properties, which they so obviously loved, and were deeply passionate about went unnoticed— but combining our House, Ochre Court, and Ochre Lodge all remain thanks sharing their cultural heritage. In the end, we realized that without everyone, different viewpoints led to a bigger picture of Newport. After all, there was to Salve Regina University. However, student residents and or the Victorian Society in America, we would not have known half the infor- so much to absorb there that one could university office workers now occupy the buildings rather mation learned there—greatly adding to our experiences of Newport. easily go three, four, even five times— W.W. Sherman House than families and their servants. Photograph by Noël Harris Freeze However, the Newport Summer School is not all work and no play. Although and still have more to discover. From colonial seaport, to southern hospital, Newport presents a very special experience for visitors, allowing them to students learned a great deal about art, architecture, and history, we also and New York playground, Newport has embody and experience landscapes, structures, and carefully restored interiors. greatly enjoyed each other’s companionship. Coming from different corners so much to offer as a world heritage site, The area’s adaptive reuse projects both complicate and enhance Newport’s of the United States, Canada, and even Europe, there was no short supply and there is no better way to experience accretions of aesthetic memory. When successful, such preservation projects of interesting discussions. In our free time, we had fun exploring Newport it than with the Victorian Society in not only inspire public enthusiasm and investment, they raise awareness of together, going to Flo’s Clam Shack on First Beach for lobster rolls and stuffed America. ✦ the rarity, fragility, and ephemeral nature of aging structures. Although such quahogs, hot tea at Alva Vanderbilt’s teahouse on rainy afternoons, and late- projects seem in some cases unorthodox, they benefit professional and public night walks down Ruggles Avenue for stargazing, or milkshakes at the Newport stakeholders alike. ✦

26 27 The subject of ethics inspires much visible—and, so hard to explain— This short essay is only the beginning Just a Little Something About discussion. It is impossible to speak sometimes it is just a feeling, the spirit of this very interesting subject— of ethics if individuals are absolutely of the place itself. understanding how society has sure about what is right and what is interpreted and restored Victorian era the Ethics of Restoration How is today’s practice and how does wrong. Absolute certainty in a situation buildings and gardens. This period has it relate to the 2013 Victorian Society involving historic preservation and been interpreted in wildly different in America? In almost every country, restoration creates issues all by itself, ways in different countries, in both the Victorian era has had an influence. making it extremely difficult to be urban and rural areas. After attending the marvelous 2013 completely objective in making the Victorian Society in American So I will close with a few questions and “correct” choice. It’s always personal, Summer School in Newport, I too am will gladly continue this subject in the and the more one knows about the completely inspired and beguiled. near future: building or garden, the more difficult André Hoek Heritage Architect, Utrecht, The Netherlands the act of restoration becomes. All that said, what is the best practice The Victorian era remains extremely Newport Summer School 2013 in restoring and preserving our influential and important in today’s Like most things, restoration is monuments—our valuable heritage? art and architecture. One almost simple when one acts blindly, does Have we learned from the past? How forgets it was a revolutionary period not have much knowledge or if one will we make the correct decisions? and our minds are “colored” by it. Does is not aware of all the layers present Writing a piece about the ethics of conservation and restoration of buildings is The philosopher Socrates taught us Is cultural preservation influenced a visitor to a historic house museum in older structures. Ignorance can be to think for ourselves. His writings by time, and how is our economic representing the Victorian era really not an easy task. It seems so simple: Restore the object, take care doing it, bring very harmful and destructive to the teach us that we must not blindly situation involved? Are we really aware feel and experience it “correctly,” as back details, and make it like new again. Yes or no? delicate nature of an interior, exterior, follow a “rule.” Dogmatic thinking of the cultural values or is it just a “fun” if we’ve entered a Victorian scene? Is and setting of a historic building. It When a preservationist really thinks about restoration—very seriously—there does not bring new possibilities, factor? Historic house museums are, it exactly what it should be? Or do we can be easy to destroy a very fragile theories, or a future. in this case, very interesting subjects. interpret it from our own modern point are innumerable choices and decisions one must make: what is best for the part, simply because it is unknown or But for the purpose of this piece, a bit of view? building and its context? Throughout the centuries, many almost invisible. A very fine detail can about the Victorian era and how it had theories about restoration were be of value, but can be surprisingly Do we really preserve the Victorian How does one identify value and what actions or non-actions will maintain been handled with regard to historic developed and rejected. Some well- vulnerable, and sometimes even not spirit? ✦ preservation needs to be addressed. the value and integrity of the place? Every building and landscape has a set of known theories were written by Eugene measurable values that should be used to create an evaluation of the place. The Emmanuel Viollet-Le-Duc (1814–1879) evaluation is all part of the critical thought process that occurs before acting. Is or John Ruskin (1819–1900). More the act of restoration really the best one can do at a particular moment? What recently, the philosophical theories impact will the restoration have for the future of the building? of Cesare Brandi (1906–1988) have a great influence on modern policy in Early reflection about every aspect is what embodies the Ethics of Restoration. monument preservation worldwide. Throughout history, restoration and conservation were often influenced by time Ethics in restoration requires a great and the spirit of time, knowledge, and attitude and awareness of culture and deal of discipline and a thorough understanding of the whole historic heritage. development of the object—be it Worldwide, historic preservation is heavily influenced by politics and eco- a building, a landscape, or both. It nomics, and sometimes even religion. The value of restoration changes when requires a humble approach, courageous spirit and a respect toward other appreciation of history and culture changes, or when there is influence from theories of the past to be completely fine art movements. Consider also archeological discoveries or advances in clear about one’s own thinking. technology, such as the Industrial Revolution. The Victorian era and the Arts Often times during a restoration, it and Crafts Movement are a great example. All these aspects are, in fact, part is necessary to remove inappropriate of the rich cultural study of architecture. But how can we relate preservation of restorations or additions. One can ask: To reconstruct or not? Or just begin architecture to ethics? A philosophical approach toward the conservation and Newport Summer School with a clean slate? When a monument preservation of cultural heritage and a clear idea how to keep cultural heritage Scholars Marissa Stokes, has different layers in time—character Craig Lee, Emily Barr, healthy for future generations is absolutely necessary. built from a long, varied life; changes Tania Sammons, André Hoek, Sean Beasley Ethics is all about asking questions—over and over again. Analyze, reflect, and influences from trends in archi- tecture and fashion—the correct course with Prof. Richard Guy think! Compile questions and think again! Ethics focuses on morality and is an Wilson at St. Mary’s to take is difficult to know. And, who is important part of Philosophy. Stated simply: What is right and what is wrong… Protestant Episcopal Church, really qualified to make that decision? Portsmouth, Rhode Island, and who am I to decide? built 1847–1849 to designs by Richard Upjohn.

28 29 The Townsend-Goddards comprise only identify and date lathe-turned compo- Thanks to the VSA Summer past. The exhibition drew thousands of Newport: A Mecca for a fraction of the hundreds of furniture nents in furniture. School’s special partnership with visitors and national media coverage, the Preservation Society of Newport helping bolster Newport’s preserva- makers working in and around Newport Visits to other early buildings follow 2 County (PSNC), the course’s next tion movement and inspire generation Furniture Historians in the eighteenth century, but their (more than 1,200 of Newport’s seven- stop is a private tour of the Nicholas- of scholars to undertake pioneering furniture has long been considered the teen- and eighteen-century structures Wanton-Hunter House. Overlooking research into Newport’s artistic legacy. gold standard of Newport form and survive) as students make their way the harbor from Washington (once Hunter House continues to serve as quality. toward the waterfront. This section of Water) Street, it was built and a showplace for major works by John Newport, known as Easton’s Point, was The day that follows is a landmark- expanded in the mid-eighteenth Townsend and John Goddard, as well as home to many prosperous merchants, packed walking tour of Newport. century. It passed through many Benjamin Baker and Holmes Weaver, shipwrights, cabinetmakers, and other Furniture history is not the focus of hands and teetered on the brink of Newport craftsmen who are gaining in tradesmen who took advantage of their the tour, but important sites in its demolition before concerned citizens recognition. proximity to the Point’s busy wharves. development, context, scholarship, established the PSNC to acquire Jennifer Carlquist Administrator, VSA Summer Schools Christopher Townsend married into As demonstrated by this abridged and preservation abound. The first and preserve it.3 The PSNC recently stop is Trinity Church (1725 with the Easton family, which gave the tract description of just one day, the of land to the Quaker community restored its elaborately carved, grained, Newport Summer School has tremen- later additions) by architect-builder and gilded paneling, which serve as a Participants in the Victorian Society in America’s Newport Summer School Richard Munday. It demonstrates in for development. At the heart of this dous relevance for American furniture have fairly diverse backgrounds, including those well versed in the history of district stood Christopher Townsend’s sumptuous setting for more than 100 historians. But no matter your area architecture the same affinity for clas- examples of Newport furniture the American decorative arts. Many, however, are surprised to discover the beauty, sical proportion and motifs that can “mansion house” and shop at 74 Bridge of interest, the VSA Newport Summer Street (a private house owned by family PSNC has acquired in its 60 years. In School can help spark your own originality, and iconic status of furniture made in eighteenth-century Newport. be found in Newport’s furniture. The 1953, Hunter House hosted a landmark church’s paneling, bolection moldings, descendants). A remarkable survival discoveries. ✦ A New York Times art critic expressed this same surprise in 2005 when built around 1725, it offers insights into exhibition of Newport furniture, as reviewing an exhibition of Newport furniture: and fluted columns animate as well well as paintings and silver organized as organize the space, much like the how the Townsend-Goddards organized their households and businesses. Its size by Ralph Carpenter, a self-taught 1 I don't think anyone today could claim that America, in the last third of the stepped shelves crowning a high chest historian who dedicated more than 50 Robert Hughes, “Claw Daddy,” The New and sophistication attest to the finan- York Times, May 29, 2005. Hughes reviewed 18th century, harbored any of the world's very best painters. . . . But the strange made by Christopher Townsend years to promoting Newport’s colonial c. 1745 in the collection of the cial and social heights a cabinetmaker the Metropolitan Museum of Art’s exhibition and rather marvelous truth is that there was one area of the visual arts in “John Townsend: Newport Cabinetmaker,” Chipstone Foundation. could achieve in eighteenth-century which an Americans arguably was the best in the Western world, skilled and Newport. Over the span of several curated by Morrison Heckscher. See the accompanying exhibition catalog for more on A few blocks away, Munday’s Colony inventive to a degree that nobody else in colonial America and very few in generations, the Townsend family Newport furniture. House (1739) conveys power, order, owned several houses, workshops, and England or Europe could rival. This art was fine cabinetmaking; the place was 2 and sophistication through its coffered Yale University’s new Rhode Island Furni- Newport, R.I. . . . 1 storage buildings on more than a dozen Senate Chamber ceiling, robustly lots between Elm Street to the west ture Archive, online at http://rifa.art.yale.edu, carved moldings, fluted columns, and documents more than 1,500 Rhode Island Characteristics associated with late-eighteenth-century furniture made in and the cove to the east (Marsh Street). craftsmen working in furniture-related trades distinctive baluster turnings. Credit for and around Newport include elegant proportions, distinctive ball-and-claw Walking these streets, once bustling between 1636 and 1840. the interiors, and possibly some of its with commerce and craftsmanship, feet with sharply carved talons, and block-and-shell case furniture, with alter- 3 furniture, goes in part to Christopher makes clear how interconnected these Per Katherine Warren, as quoted in Holly nating concave and convex panels punctuated by stylized, carved shells (photo: Townsend (1701–1787), who worked as artisans were to each other, to their Collins, The Preservation Society of Newport Townsend chest). Compared to the output of other American regions, Newport a “house joiner” on the Colony House. County, 1945-1965, The Founding Years customers, and always, to the sea. (September 6, 2006): 49; available online at craftsmen produced more architectural, abstracted, and imaginative interpre- Appropriately, Colony House was the newportmansions.org. tations of London styles. Rather than carving or applying superfluous surface site of a 1947 exhibition (curated by the decoration, these makers communicated luxury through their lavish use of the preeminent American furniture histo- rian of the 1920s–40s, Joseph Downs) finest quality mahogany (an import of Newport’s sea trade). Their decorative that helped Newport furniture reach its restraint and meticulous construction methods celebrated the wood’s natural iconic status. richness and the artisan’s mastery of his material. The class walks on to the Wanton- On the first Saturday of the Newport Summer School, Director Richard Guy Lyman-Hazard House, built in the Wilson presents an historical overview that—among many other topics—intro- 1690s with later alterations. It was duces students to the Townsend-Goddard family, a famous dynasty of Quaker restored by the Newport Historical Society in the 1920s by pioneer preser- craftsmen. In 1707, a mariner named Solomon Townsend settled in Newport, vationist Norman Isham and again in presumably drawn by its religious tolerance and the seemingly boundless the early 2000s. As Newport’s oldest economic opportunities of its sea trade. His sons Job (1699–1765) and Christo- extant building, it retains in its attic pher (1701–1787) were first in a line of five generations of Newport carpenters staircase some of the region’s oldest baluster turnings. These architectural Christopher Townsend, high chest, c. 1745. and joiners. Christopher’s son John Townsend (1733–1809) and son-in-law John Chipstone Foundation, Milwaukee. Goddard (1724–1785) achieved the greatest fame. elements are invaluable documents to scholars of early furniture, helping them

30 31 one following the dictates of the Richard Upjohn and Newport Cambridge Camden Society—later known as the Eccleslogicists—and also the work of the English Roman Catholic architect, Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin. At almost the same time as the call to New York, he was asked by a very wealthy Savannah planter, George Noble Jones, to design a new house for him and his bride in Newport. Jones had met Upjohn while summering in Maine, but decided to Richard Guy Wilson Director Newport Summer School move to the growing summer resort of Newport. Upjohn’s design went through an evolution but the end result was one No matter how much you think you of the first Gothic Revival “cottages” know it all, there can always be some- in the United States, certainly the thing new, especially in Newport. This first in Newport, and also, the first genuine Newport “summer cottage.” past winter, The Preservation Society Of course its location on what would of Newport County—who owns become Bellevue Avenue a few years The Breakers and many of the other later was very important. Because Jones biggies—approached me about doing owned slaves he gave up the house a lecture for their members and the and the King family took it over in the Summer School group during our time later 1850s, and the name changed to Kingscote. Certainly A. J. Davis had in town. Instead of focusing on Hunt been playing with the Gothic Revival and the big houses, I decided to look cottage style in the mid-1830s, but Left, Frederick Crowninshield window detail at the work of Richard Upjohn. I had Upjohn’s Jones house is a very early in St. Mary’s Episcopal Church. always admired his work at Kingscote, example and in many ways one of the Below, Kingscote, one of the first Gothic originally the George Noble Jones most sophisticated with its lack of Revival “cottages.” Photographs by James Russiello house, but really had not looked much symmetry and details. further at his other Newport work. What I found was overwhelming. Upjohn became a leading church architect, and while most of his focus Richard Upjohn (1802–1878) is basically known as the architect who intro- was on Episcopal commissions, he duced the full-scale English Gothic Revival into the United States with Trinity did do others. Most importantly, he Episcopal Church on Broadway, at the head of Wall Street in New York City. published in 1852 Upjohn’s Rural You can’t teach the history of American architecture without mentioning it, Church Architecture, which went and I have always included him in my various surveys. But in many ways, he through many editions. It was his solution to the problem of smaller remains something of a mystery. The only book on him was written by his inexpensive wooden, Gothic-styled grandson Everett Upjohn in 1939, and while he is treated in Phoebe Stanton’s churches, and it made a big impact wonderful study, The Gothic Revival and American Church Architecture (1969), across the United States. More locally, and there have been several theses and a few articles done on him, he remains he designed in 1855–56 Emmanuel largely untreated. Episcopal Church on Spring Street in Newport. That structure was replaced Born in England, Upjohn learned architecture through the construction trades by a stone design by Ralph Adams and immigrated in 1829 initially to New Bedford, Massachusetts. There, he Cram in 1902. Out in Middletown he designed the Rotch-Jones-Duff House (which we always visit when the Summer designed Holy Cross Episcopal Church, School class goes to New Bedford) in a sophisticated Greek Revival style. Then 1845–48, which is wooden. Then a short distance away and paid for by the he moved north to Boston and Maine and designed a few buildings in the—for same family, he designed St. Mary’s the time—experimental Gothic Revival. In 1839, he was called to New York to Episcopal Church, 1847–49, built advise on the decaying Trinity Church and ultimately designed the new out of dark sandstone. The Summer

32 33 School visited both of these excellent examples of his work. St. Mary’s, which is very high church, is loosely “Charette Free” No More based on St. Michael’s Long Stanton, Cambridgeshire, England, a favorite of the Cambridge Camden Society. And, Just before Halloween, members of the School of Architectural History at the he also did two Episcopal churches in University of Virginia—Naya Bates, Will Canup, Virginia Harness, Peter Providence. Kempson, and Margaret Stella—participated in an all-school pumpkin carving charette. What better way to represent the Architectural History department than In houses, Upjohn was ambidextrous to draw inspiration from the one and only, Richard Guy Wilson? and began experimenting with the Italianate —also known by some as St. Mary’s Episcopal Church. Photograph by Richard Guy Wilson Romanesque—mode. In Newport, just If you dwell in the A-school, then likely you’ve seen a few hundred yards from the Jones (Kingscote) house he designed for A professor with glasses and bow-tie pristine. Edward King a villa that stands at the He guides the young minds of historians, who top of the hill on Spring Street. Both (it is well to remind you) are A-schoolers too. in size and impressiveness it certainly upped the ante in the house race in And though it is true, more often than naught, Newport, and indeed Downing put it in That historians are quite frankly forgot, his book. And then just north of town, now in Middletown, but really Newport We thought to give this charrette thing a try on Miantonomi Avenue, he produced So we carved out this pumpkin to look like Richard Guy. side-by-side two villas—the Hamilton Hopkin House, 1856–57, which we Why Wilson? You might wonder, as you gaze at the gourd. visited, and next door another Upjohn Well we’ve got our reasons, but lest you get bored, house for Alexander Van Rensselaer, We’ve picked the top three to present here to you 1857. These are really unusual, with their display of framing and fretwork, And we’re sure to convince you before we are through. and presage the work of Richard Morris Hunt a few years later. If you’ve been up to Newport, it is sure you will find Upjohn would continue to practice Richard Guy Wilson with students behind As he boggles their minds with his keen understanding for many years. His son, Richard M. Professor Richard Guy Wilson Upjohn, took over the practice and Of the marvelous mansions that by the seaside are standing. immortalized—at least temporarily—in designed the Connecticut State Capitol autumnal splendor. in Hartford, 1876. Upjohn was also an And should you be welcomed into his home 1857 founding member and the first You’ll find quite the artscape within you may roam. president of the American Institute of Architects. Upjohn is an extremely Each wall is covered from baseboard to ceiling important figure in American With paintings and sculpture of modernist feeling. architecture. Newport is very lucky to have so many fine examples of his work, But above and beyond the reasons we’ve said which we got to see, hopefully opening Professor Wilson is a fantastic department head, up some new interests. ✦ And the lectures he gives fill our minds with knowledge Which, so we’ve been told, is the main point of college.

So whether you’ve been his student or not You can’t deny this skull’s full of thought Though he may not own up to the know-how he’s wielding We know he really does know every damn building.

34 35 Alumni Association Scholars 2013

While the Alumni Association provided $22,520 in scholarships for the 2013 Schools thanks to the generous support of so many loyal alumni donors, the Summer School Committee wisely offered partial scholarships when at all possible to stretch the funds as far as possible. Below are the students who received Alumni Association Scholarships in 2013. They all sent the most appreciative letters of thanks for what they described as a “life changing experience.”

NEWPORT Tania Sammons James Russiello 2014 Summer Schools Savannah, GA New York, NY Stay in Touch The 40th Annual LONDON Emily Barr Senior Curator Publishing/Preservation Applications are being accepted Summer School will take place New York, NY Telfair Museums Wiley/Blackwell now through March 1, 2014. Saturday, June 28 – Sunday, Graduate Student Historic Preservation Please help the Alumni VSA Board Member Thanks to generous donations July 13, 2014. The English Columbia University Marissa Stokes Summer Schools Committee Member Association maximize by the Alumni Association and Midlands Tour will take place New York Harry Schlack Memorial Scholar other donors, scholarships are Thursday, July 3 – Tuesday, Sean Beasley Interior Designer our funding for Summer Pittsburgh, PA available to qualified applicants. July 8, 2014. Jayne Design Studio Miklós Székely Architect Schools scholarships while Richard Nelson Memorial Scholar Budapest, Hungary Please see the Summer Schools Strada Architecture Research Fellow saving trees and postage. page at victoriansociety.org for The Alumni Association's Annual André Hoek LONDON Institute of Art History-HHS The Alumni Association more information. Meeting & Dinner will be held on Utrecht, The Netherlands Sibyl McCormac Scholarship Fund Friday, May 23, 2014 in connec- Joanna McKnight Heritage Architect will communicate with The 34th Annual American tion with the Victorian Society's Charlottesville, VA Frampton Tolbert Summer School in NEWPORT, Annual Meeting, "Authors, Craig Lee University of Virginia New York, NY members by e-mail as Rhode Island will take place Arlington Heights, IL Historic District Council much as possible to reduce Industry and Opulence: Lowell, Doctoral Student President, New York VSA Chapter Friday, May 30–Sunday, June 8. Concord, and the North Shore," University of Delaware the cost of mailings. to be held in Massachusetts on May 21–25, 2014. Also, please be sure Membership Secretary Bob Chapman VSA Summer Schools Alumni are Jennifer Carlquist ([email protected]) 2014 among the best recruiters of Summer Administrator has your current e-mail Schools applicants. Please encourage VSA Summer Schools Summer your colleagues, friends, students, [email protected] address. or fellow classmates to apply for the (612) 280-7823

Schools 2014 sessions and consider posting Newport, Rhode Island Summer Schools brochures at your Please contact Nancy McAleer May 30 – June 8, 2014 institution, speaking about the Golden if you would like to host London, England Summer Schools at local universities, a recruiting event. The Alumni The Victorian Society in America London Summer School 2013 Final June 2 – July 13, 2014 or hosting a recruiting event. Association will provide $250 for Day (July 13, 2013) riding the London recruiting events and will help Eye. Ken Snodgrass (extreme The English Midlands For additional copies of brochures with sending the invitations. right) expresses gratitude on behalf July 3 – July 8, 2104 and applications, please contact: of the group to Co-Director Ian Cox and Asst Director ELIZABETH Leckie (right). L-R: Maureen Crilly, Miklós Székely, John Martine, JoAnna McKnight, Bill Ayres, Rebekah Pollock, Lindsay Riddel, Amanda Mulligan, and Katie Schultheis.

36 37 Katherine Schultheis Nora Carleson Charleston, SC Arli ng ton, VA Graduate Student Historic Preservation Graduate Student Clemson University & College of Smithsonian-George Mason Charleston Mary Rae Costabile Cynthia Shaw Chevy Chase, MD Golden, CO Baxter Craven Director Charlotte, NC Boettcher Mansion Student CO Arts & Crafts Society UNC Charlotte Ken Snodgrass Samantha DeTillio Poughkeepsie, NY New York, NY Executive Director Curatorial Intern Wilson Guy by Richard photograph Locust Grove Estate Tiffany & Co. Paula Spilner Metropolitan Museum of Art Philadelphia, PA John Faust Professor Architectural History Lansing, MI Drexel University Noël Harris Freeze Miklós Székely London 2013 Austin, TX Newport 2013 photograph James by Russiello Budapest, Hungary Director Research Fellow French Legation Museum Institute of Art History-HHS Elizabeth Gara Frampton Tolbert Rebecca McNamara Kristine Steensma John Martine Annandale, VA London Summer Pittsburgh, PA New York, NY New York, NY Berkeley, CA Architect Historic District Council Shira Gladstone Graduate Student Elizabeth Steinebach School Scholars President, New York VSA Chapter Brookline, MA Cooper-Hewitt/Parsons Strada Architecture LLC Seguin, Canada Richard Brandi Program Specialist Joanna McKnight John H. Waters Richard Merrill Stained Glass Artisan San Francisco, CA Historic New England Charlottesville, VA Chicago, IL Phoenix, AZ Abigail Stewart Architectural Historian Architect/Independent Scholar André Hoek Professor & Department Chair University of Virginia Charlotesville, VA Kathryn Burton Utrecht, The Netherlands Glendale Community College Amanda Mulligan Graduate Student Morgantown, WV Heritage Architect Melbourne, Australia Meg Nowack University of Virginia Assistant Professor Hoek Architecture and Restoration Hearings Officer San Antonio, TX Newport Summer Marissa Stokes West Virginia University Yolanda Kime Curator Heritage Council of Victoria New York Maureen Crilly School Scholars Saranac, NY National Trust for Historic Preservation Rebekah Pollock Interior Designer New York, NY New York, NY Craig Lee Rita Ostrova Jayne Design Studio Interior Designer Suzi Barbee Graduate Student Arlington Heights, IL Union City, NJ Thomaston, ME Nicole Vanella Crilly Companies, FIT, SVA Doctoral Student Permissions Assistant Cooper-Hewitt Retired/Volunteer West Hempstad, NY Nicholas Fuqua University of Delaware John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Lindsay Riddell Graduate Student San Antonio, TX Emily Barr Brooklyn, NY J-P Malocsay Laura Parrish Savannah College of Art & Design Architectural Historian/Planner New York, NY Graduate Student Historic Pittsburgh, PA Wilmington, DE Graduate Student Historic Preservation Paul Wackrow San Antonio Historic Preservation Horticulturist Librarian Preservation Columbia University Providence, RI Columbia University Winterthur Museum Elizabeth Krase Greene Blake McDonald Preservation Coordinator Sean Beasley Alameda, CA Charlottesville, VA Tania Sammons Providence Preservation Society Susan Robertson Pittsburgh, PA Architectural Historian Graduate Student Savannah, GA Chicago, IL Architect University of Virginia Senior Curator Gabriela Harris Docent Strada Architecture Chicago Architecture Foundation Telfair Museums Washington, DC Heather McMahon John Botello Washington, DC Jaclyn Spainhour Liz Holbrook James Russiello Lubbock, TX Architectural Historian Nor folk, VA Weymouth, MA New York, NY Graduate Student Assistant Director Museum Collections and Research Publishing/Preservation Smithsonian-George Mason Museum & Collector Resource Wiley/Blackwell Hunter House Victorian Museum

38 39 Pittsburgh, continued from page 6

LOST us through the Ailsa Mellon Bruce Galleries containing objects from the museum’s permanent collection of decorative arts and design. The galleries ALUMNI reopened in November 2009 after an extensive rehanging and refocusing

We’re eager to keep in touch with all that traces the evolution of design and style in the Western world from the our graduates. unfortunately we’ve mid-eighteenth century to the present. Decorative arts objects and paintings lost contact with these alumni. are placed together for easy comparisons and for discovering interesting Please let us know if you’re privy to their whereabouts connections. and do letus know if you move, by contacting: Dawn also led us through the Hall of Architecture, with its famed Bob Chapman 111 S. Mountain Avenue collection of more than 140 plaster Montclair NJ 07042-1737 casts of architectural masterpieces from the past, and through the Hall (973) 746-0965 [email protected] of Sculpture, modeled on the inner sanctuary of the Parthenon. As David Brady we ascended the impressive Grand see page 43 for the new, Katherine Brooks convenient joint alumni Sidney Brown JoHN MarTiNe in his pittsburgh offi ce next Staircase in the old part of the Andrew Adams his award from the National Trust for Historic museum, Dawn pointed out a small, association Vsa membership. Lynn Alsmeyer-Johnson preservation for Market square place. John Alex Copland was the design principal for this project and soot-covered patch of the murals, Ashby Crowder also led the historic preservation effort. it’s easy to join online at Angela Dason the Apotheosis of Pittsburgh, by www.victoriansociety.org. Charles Delisio John White that were recently cleaned. This dark patch showed the amazing Trevor Fairbrother Nancy Goodman transformation that the cleaning made after the soot-spewing steel plants were For further information on Carolina Grossman closed down. Marie-Severine Hoare membership, publications, Ken Horrigan Britt-Inger Johansson After a late lunch in the museum’s café, Jason Busch, curatorial chair for upcoming events, preservation Mary Klingner Collections and the Alan G. and Jane A. Lehman curator of Decorative Arts resources, and local Victorian Coert Krabble society in america chapters Annabel Macrae and Design, Carnegie Museum of Art, took us on a private tour of the amazing Jansen Matthews Join contact: Timothy McManus special exhibition that he curated, Inventing the Modern World: Decorative John McVerry Arts at the World’s Fairs, 1851–1939. On display were over 200 examples of the Julie Nicoletta sue Verzella Colleen Ramsay most extraordinary works of furniture, metalwork, glass, ceramics, textiles, and Join The Victorian society in business Manager David Rau jewelry produced by leading artists and fi rms, including Lalique, Sèvres, and The america and receive many Deborah Rau The Victorian society in america Susan Reedy outstanding benefi ts including Tiffany—some never before on display in the United States—representing the 1636 sansom street Walter Ritchie subscriptions to the society’s Jean Robinson pinnacle of scientifi c and artistic achievements. Victorian philadelphia, pa 19103-5404 Mark Robinson semi-annual journal, Nineteenth Theodore Sawruk Late in the afternoon, some of us joined John for a tour of the University of Century, and newsletter, The Ellan Spero Pittsburgh Cathedral of Learning’s study rooms, donated and decorated by Society in (215) 636-9872 Kristin Barry Victorian Quarterly, as well Fax (215) 636-8973 Eve Waldron various countries worldwide, followed by a quick peek at the Heinz Memorial as invitations to symposia, Michelle Walker www.victoriansociety.org Chapel with its 73-foot stained glass windows, among the tallest in the world. Elaine Weiss America members-only tours, and the [email protected] Stanley Yuan satisfaction that comes from Julia Sienkewicz Expanding our reach beyond the Victorian, Monday morning was spent in the being involved with the only Stephanie Evans Andy Warhol Museum. Alas, most of Warhol’s signifi cant works were away Kristin Hagar national nonprofi t organiza- Sarah Woodward on loan for the exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Watching tion committed to the historic Ashley Darland above, Terra-cotta detail on the Eva Gratta some of the videos and learning about the 610 “time capsules,” boxes of daily former bell edison Telephone co., preservation, protection, Kara Sincich mementoes, that he carefully stashed away, provided insight into Warhol and Maria Wiering 19 Newhall street, birmingham, understanding, education, and Alison Hamblin his work. (1896, Frederick Martin of Martin enjoyment of our nineteenth- and chamberlain) century heritage. above right, edward King House, 1847, Newport, rhode island. photographs courtesy James russiello

40 41 Alumni Association of The Victorian Society Summer Schools Membership Thank you for your support of the Alumni Association. You enabled us to Alumni Association Action List! award scholarships to many deserving and grateful students. New This Year! For the first time, you can conveniently renew your Alumni Association and Victorian The Alumni Association is run by We need fellow alumni to help: Society in America memberships at the same time saving $10.00. Or you can renew volunteers. Our continuing success your membership in either one alone. Please select membership levels below: depends on the dedication and Check out the Alumni Facebook page and post often. 1. Alumni Association VSA National Society special skills of those who are $45 Individual $55 Individual eager to pitch in and help with 2. Visit the redesigned Alumni web site: www.vsaalumni.org. $65 Household various projects. $75 Household 3. Manage the new Regional Representative program. $100 Supporter $110 Sustaining The goal is to have at least one alumna/us in each state help Please contact Nancy Golden at $250 Sponsor $275 Contributor recruit students and host local events. Duties also include [email protected] or $25 Student/Young $35 Student/Young identifying and contacting recent alumni in each state. (805) 563-2315 to volunteer or Professional (under age 35) Professional (under age 35) for further information. Total Alumni & VSA Membership Amount $ Discount for renewing both memberships LESS $10.00 Total Membership payment Amount $

I would like to provide additional scholarship support for a full or partial scholarship: Call for Papers: Nineteenth Century, the semi- London ($4,500 full scholarship) $ annual, peer-reviewed journal of Newport ($2,300 full scholarship) $ Nineteenth The Victorian Society in America, Sibyl McCormac Groff Scholarship Fund invites Summer Schools alumni to to honor her contributions to the Schools Scholarship $

Century, submit articles relevant to the social ❑ Enclosed is my check for $ and cultural history of the United The Journal made payable to the Alumni Association of The Victorian Society Summer Schools States, c. 1837–1917. The journal of The Victorian encourages submissions of 3,000 to ❑ Charge $ to my credit card: Society in 6,000 words, with illustrations and Card #: notes as necessary, in the fields of Ex Date: Security code: America history, art and architectural history, The Alumni Association respects Name on Card: landscape architecture, interior you privacy and your e-mail address Submissions in both hard-copy design, costume, photography, social will never be shared with others. Signature: and electronic form (on disk, issues, and biography. ❑ Paypal your payment at [email protected]. Please e-mail Microsoft Word) should be I have included personal Manuscripts should be prepared or professional news for the [email protected] the details so that it will be credited as dues or scholarships. mailed to: following the latest edition of the 2014 issue of the Alumni newsletter. Name William Ayres Chicago Manual of Style. I no longer wish to receive Editor Nineteenth Century information from the Alumni Address P.O. Box 403 Association. Stony Brook, NY City State Zip Code 11790-0403

Work Phone: Home Phone:

Trinity Church, Newport (1725, with later London students explore George Gilbert additions) by architect-builder Richard Scott’s Grand Staircase at the Foreign Office, E-mail address for Alumni Association use only: Munday. Courtesy Jennifer Carlquist 1861–74. Courtesy James Russiello Please send this form to: Alumni Association of The Victorian Society Summer Schools 42 c/o Bob Chapman, Membership Secretary 111 S. Mountain Ave., Montclair NJ 07042-173743 Phone: (973) 746-0965 E-mail: [email protected]