Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas Co-funded by the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union Manual Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas through the production and exploitation of medicinal and aromatic plants through the production and exploitation of medicinal and aromatic plants and exploitation the production of medicinal and aromatic through authors: Dana Maria Bobiț, Mariana Ciufu, Viorica Ghinea, Lāsma Līcīte, Aina Muška, Līga Paula, Dina Popluga, Lorena-Andreea Urse, Lucian Urse Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas Entrepreneurship Co-funded by the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union Manual Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas through the production and exploitation of medicinal and aromatic plants authors: Dana Maria Bobiț, Mariana Ciufu, Viorica Ghinea, Lāsma Līcīte, Aina Muška, Līga Paula, Dina Popluga, Lorena-Andreea Urse, Lucian Urse Contents Foreword ............................................................................................................. 7 Cichorium intybus ............................................................................................ 69 Eryngium planum L. .......................................................................................... 73 Part I: Basic Rules For Rural Entrepreneurship ............................................. 10 Eupatorium cannabinum ................................................................................... 76 Hypericum perforatum L. ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 81 Basic Rules for Initiating a Business ........................................................................ 11 Inula helenium L. ............................................................................................. 86 Leonurus cardiaca L. ......................................................................................... 92 Choice of the Proper Legal Framework .................................................................... 12 Lythrum salicaria L. .......................................................................................... 96 Melilotus officinalis .......................................................................................... 100 Legal forms of Organization for Rural Entrepreneurship ............................................ 13 Nepeta cataria L. ............................................................................................ 105 Authorized Person (AP) .................................................................................... 13 Sanguisorba officinalis L. .................................................................................... 110 Individual Enterprise (IE) .................................................................................. 14 Stachys betonica .............................................................................................. 114 Family Enterprise (FE) ...................................................................................... 14 Taraxacum officinale .......................................................................................... 119 Limited Liability Company (LLC) ......................................................................... 14 Urtica dioica L. ................................................................................................ 123 Comparison of the four legal forms: ................................................................... 18 Association ................................................................................................... 20 Part III: How to Plan Business? ...................................................................... 130 Agricultural Farm ................................................................................................ 20 Development and Formatting of a Business Plan ..................................................... 131 Bibliography ....................................................................................................... 33 Outline of Business Plan Chapters ........................................................................ 138 Title page .................................................................................................... 138 Part II: How to Grow? ..................................................................................... 36 Contents ..................................................................................................... 139 Summary .................................................................................................... 139 Justification of Introducing Species of Medicinal Plants 1. Descriptions of the enterprise and the related industry ....................................... 141 into Organized Cultures in Romania ........................................................................ 37 2. Characteristics of products ........................................................................... 156 Achillea millefolium L. ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 42 3. Market analysis ......................................................................................... 164 Alchemilla vulgaris L. ......................................................................................... 46 4. Competitor analysis .................................................................................... 172 Althaea officinalis L. .......................................................................................... 49 5. Marketing plan .......................................................................................... 189 Angelica archangelica L. ....................................................................................... 53 6. Production plan ........................................................................................ 210 Artemisia vulgaris L. ........................................................................................... 57 7. Organisational plan .................................................................................... 224 Borago officinalis .............................................................................................. 60 8. Financial plan ........................................................................................... 228 Chelidonium majus .......................................................................................... 65 Annexes ...................................................................................................... 258 Foreword Rural entrepreneurship is the most to secure a safe job and income for you and focus on both the consumption of herbal teas you will know exactly what to do in order to sustainable solution for growth, employment your family. and herbal products and homeopaths, as well obtain good quality products. In the end, we and social integration in rural communities. For many of us, setting up a business as the use of cosmetics or food supplements. will teach you how to prepare your business In studies, as well as in life, entrepreneurship is associated with innate features of the It is the right time to start your own plan in order to finance your business and to is seen as the ability to initiate and realize entrepreneur/trader, and we often consider business in the field of medicinal and aromatic learn how to establish your goals and how something new in a legally organized the lack of courage to start a small business plants. You can start from the small free field to reach great results. Also, you will get your framework and to find creative solutions for because we were not born with the necessary in your own household, or in extended fields, inspiration from successful case studies and the purpose of obtaining production, selling it skills. or you can rent lands in your community! All business ideas in the domain of medicinal and and, implicitly, making profit. And yet, it is not enough to be born with you need is just to desire to work! aromatic plant production. Sectors with a high potential for entrepreneurial skills to set up a business. In Through the training that you participate, This manual and training course curriculum strengthening rural entrepreneurship are: reality, it takes a lot of work, information and and also in this manual, you will learn how that ensures practical application of this agriculture, processing of agricultural products, education. to start your own business in the field of manual were developed with the support basic services and tourism. In rural areas, Entrepreneurs can belong to any medicinal and aromatic plants. You will learn of the Erasmus+ Strategic Partnerships Key entrepreneurship focuses on the development professional group. There are no „fated” about the legal framework of organization for Action 2 programme project “Education in of agriculture. Soil is a very important way of professions to produce entrepreneurs. rural entrepreneurship so that you can choose rural entrepreneurship through producing and living. Unlike traditional cereals farming, what form fits you the most. You will find valorising of medicinal and aromatic plants”, ÝÝ If you want to work for yourself and your cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants relevant information about organic agriculture 2016-1-RO01-KA204-024635. family; is an increasingly profitable activity. Stores in case that you will consider to certificate your ÝÝ If you want to work in a profitable field; of herbal products are growing, consumers, products and maximize your profit. We present ÝÝ If you want things to better change and
Recommended publications
  • Natural Resources Section of the Resources Management Plan
    NATURAL RESOURCES SECTION OF THE RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PLAN GOLDEN GATE NATIONAL RECREATION AREA Prepared by Golden Gate National Recreation Area National Park Service Department of the Interior December 20, 1999 Prepared by: ___________________________________ Date:_____________ Division of Natural Resource Management and Research Approved by: ___________________________________ Date:_____________ General Superintendent, Golden Gate National Recreation Area NATURAL RESOURCES SECTION OF THE RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Purpose of Park Establishment 1 1.2 Purpose of the Plan 1 1.3 Compliance/National Environmental Policy Act 2 2 NATURAL RESOURCES VALUES 3 2.1 Geography, Geology and Minerals 3 2.2 Water Resources 4 2.3 Plant Resources 4 2.4 Rare and Endangered Species 4 2.5 Wildlife Resources 5 2.6 Marine Resources 15 2.7 Air Resources and Night Sky 16 3 CONDITIONS AND THREATS TO NATURAL RESOURCES 19 3.1 Geologic and Mineral Resources 19 3.2 Water Resources 20 3.3 Plant Resources 22 3.4 Rare and Endangered Species 24 3.5 Wildlife Resources 31 3.6 Marine Resources 34 3.7 Air Resources and Night Sky 36 4 GGNRA NATURAL RESOURCE PROGRAM 37 4.1 Objectives of the Natural Resource Program 37 4.2 Inventory and Monitoring (Vital Signs) — an Integrated Program 38 4.3 Restoration — an Integrated Program 38 4.4 Wildlife Program 41 4.5 Integrated Pest Management (IPM) 55 4.6 Vegetation Program 55 4.7 Forestry Program 65 4.8 Range Inventory and Management 67 4.9 Prescribed Fire Management 67 4.10 Aquatic/Hydrology
    [Show full text]
  • Pharmacognostical Identification of Alchemilla Japonica Nakai Et Hara
    © 2015 Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research, 3 (3), 59-68 ISSN 0719-4250 http://jppres.com/jppres Original Article | Artículo Original Pharmacognostical identification of Alchemilla japonica Nakai et Hara [Identificación farmacognóstica de Alchemilla japonica Nakai et Hara] Yun Zhu, Ningjing Zhang, Peng Li* School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Phytomedicine Resources & Modernization of TCM, Shihezi Xinjiang 832002, PR China. * E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Resumen Context: Alchemilla japonica is a therapeutically important medicinal Contexto: Alchemilla japonica es una planta medicinal, terapéutica- plant, which is widely used in traditional medicine external application mente importante, que se utiliza ampliamente en la medicina tradicional for injuries as well as orally for acute diarrhea, dysmenorrhea, and por aplicación externa en lesiones, así como por vía oral para la diarrea menorrhagia, among others. However, there is not a correct identification aguda, dismenorrea y menorragia, entre otras. Sin embargo, no hay una of this species and is of prime importance differentiate it from commonly correcta identificación de la especie y es de primordial importancia available adulterants or substitutes, in fresh, dried or powdered state. diferenciar esta de adulterantes comúnmente disponibles o sustitutos, en There is only a small number of data of pharmacological standards for estado fresco, seco o en polvo. Sólo hay un pequeño número de datos de identification and authentication of A. japonica. patrones farmacológicos para la identificación y autenticación de A. Aims: To characterize morpho-anatomically the roots, leaves and stems japonica. of Alchemilla japonica Nakai et Hara (Rosaceae), explore and establish the Objetivos: Caracterizar desde el punto de vista morfo-anatómico las micromorphology and quality control method for this plant.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphological Variability of the Bulgarian Endemic Betonica Bulgarica Degen Et Neič
    Acta Bot. Croat. 75 (1), 81–88, 2016 CODEN: ABCRA 25 DOI: 10.1515/botcro-2016-0020 ISSN 0365-0588 eISSN 1847-8476 Morphological variability of the Bulgarian endemic Betonica bulgarica Degen et Neič. (Lamiaceae) from Sinite Kamani Natural Park, Eastern Balkan Range Neli H. Grozeva1*, Mariya A. Gerdzhikova2, Dimitar H. Pavlov2, Galia D. Panayotova2, Mima H. Todorova2 1 Trakia University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biology and Aquaculture, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria 2 Trakia University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Growing, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria Abstract – Four populations of Betonica bulgarica Degen et Neič. at Sinite Kamani Natural Park were mor- phologically tested. Intrapopulation and interpopulation variabilities were established. The rеlationship be- tween morphological variability, number, area and ecological appurtenance of the studied populations were explored. The results demonstrated that the main source of phenotype variation is intrapopulation variability, mainly due to the age structure of populations. The most variable traits are height of stem and dimensions of leaves. The registered interpopulation variability was affected by the differences in altitude, soil type and dif- ferences in environmental conditions and soil properties. Indumentum and morphology of generative organs had taxonomic signifi cance for distinguishing B. bulgarica from the other species in the genus, including the species that were morphologically most similar to it – Betonica offi cinalis L. Keywords: Betonica bulgarica, morphology populations, variations Introduction not been subjected to detailed morphological studies. The polyphenol content in roots and above-ground parts has Endemic plants are an emblematic symbol of the Bul- been studied (Bankova et al. 1999). Data about the state of garian fl ora and one of the most sensitive and vulnerable B.
    [Show full text]
  • The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts
    The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: A County Checklist • First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Somers Bruce Sorrie and Paul Connolly, Bryan Cullina, Melissa Dow Revision • First A County Checklist Plants of Massachusetts: Vascular The A County Checklist First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Massachusetts Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program The Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program (NHESP), part of the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, is one of the programs forming the Natural Heritage network. NHESP is responsible for the conservation and protection of hundreds of species that are not hunted, fished, trapped, or commercially harvested in the state. The Program's highest priority is protecting the 176 species of vertebrate and invertebrate animals and 259 species of native plants that are officially listed as Endangered, Threatened or of Special Concern in Massachusetts. Endangered species conservation in Massachusetts depends on you! A major source of funding for the protection of rare and endangered species comes from voluntary donations on state income tax forms. Contributions go to the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Fund, which provides a portion of the operating budget for the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program. NHESP protects rare species through biological inventory,
    [Show full text]
  • New Master Gardener Volunteer in Baker County Newsletter Survey
    November 2013 Dear Extension Friends, Inside this issue: As we begin to wind down the year, it is important for us to collect information from our clientele for reporting purposes. If you have Did You Know? 2 found our newsletters helpful, please take a moment to tell us by taking our online survey (link below). As always, let us know if we can be of Strawberries & Poinsettias 2 service and have a wonderful Thanksgiving! Garden Q & A: Best Regards, Mothballs & 3 Brussels Sprouts Alicia R. Lamborn North Florida Gardening 4 Horticulture Extension Agent Calendar: November Baker County Extension Service Newsletter Survey New Master Gardener Volunteer We need your feedback! Take our newsletter survey In Baker County and you can enter to win a gift basket containing: Congratulations to Roberta Koniuchowsky! UF | IFAS Tote Roberta completed the seven week Master Florida Yards & Neighborhoods Handbook Gardener training course and graduated from the Garden Insects Field Guide program on September 23rd. Simply Florida Cookbook Landscape Water Saving Kit Master Gardeners complete 4-H Day Camp Voucher ($25) 50+ hours of college level And more! horticultural training topics. The survey can be found online at: They are then committed to 75 http://goo.gl/nEK4jI hours of volunteer service to the Extension office during their The link can also be found on our webpage or by the first year, helping to educate QR Code. Survey closes at 8:00am on December 2nd. others in the community. The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information, and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions, or affiliations.
    [Show full text]
  • FLORA from FĂRĂGĂU AREA (MUREŞ COUNTY) AS POTENTIAL SOURCE of MEDICINAL PLANTS Silvia OROIAN1*, Mihaela SĂMĂRGHIŢAN2
    ISSN: 2601 – 6141, ISSN-L: 2601 – 6141 Acta Biologica Marisiensis 2018, 1(1): 60-70 ORIGINAL PAPER FLORA FROM FĂRĂGĂU AREA (MUREŞ COUNTY) AS POTENTIAL SOURCE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS Silvia OROIAN1*, Mihaela SĂMĂRGHIŢAN2 1Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureş, Romania 2Mureş County Museum, Department of Natural Sciences, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania *Correspondence: Silvia OROIAN [email protected] Received: 2 July 2018; Accepted: 9 July 2018; Published: 15 July 2018 Abstract The aim of this study was to identify a potential source of medicinal plant from Transylvanian Plain. Also, the paper provides information about the hayfields floral richness, a great scientific value for Romania and Europe. The study of the flora was carried out in several stages: 2005-2008, 2013, 2017-2018. In the studied area, 397 taxa were identified, distributed in 82 families with therapeutic potential, represented by 164 medical taxa, 37 of them being in the European Pharmacopoeia 8.5. The study reveals that most plants contain: volatile oils (13.41%), tannins (12.19%), flavonoids (9.75%), mucilages (8.53%) etc. This plants can be used in the treatment of various human disorders: disorders of the digestive system, respiratory system, skin disorders, muscular and skeletal systems, genitourinary system, in gynaecological disorders, cardiovascular, and central nervous sistem disorders. In the study plants protected by law at European and national level were identified: Echium maculatum, Cephalaria radiata, Crambe tataria, Narcissus poeticus ssp. radiiflorus, Salvia nutans, Iris aphylla, Orchis morio, Orchis tridentata, Adonis vernalis, Dictamnus albus, Hammarbya paludosa etc. Keywords: Fărăgău, medicinal plants, human disease, Mureş County 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
    Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese
    [Show full text]
  • Conserving Europe's Threatened Plants
    Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation By Suzanne Sharrock and Meirion Jones May 2009 Recommended citation: Sharrock, S. and Jones, M., 2009. Conserving Europe’s threatened plants: Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens Conservation International, Richmond, UK ISBN 978-1-905164-30-1 Published by Botanic Gardens Conservation International Descanso House, 199 Kew Road, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3BW, UK Design: John Morgan, [email protected] Acknowledgements The work of establishing a consolidated list of threatened Photo credits European plants was first initiated by Hugh Synge who developed the original database on which this report is based. All images are credited to BGCI with the exceptions of: We are most grateful to Hugh for providing this database to page 5, Nikos Krigas; page 8. Christophe Libert; page 10, BGCI and advising on further development of the list. The Pawel Kos; page 12 (upper), Nikos Krigas; page 14: James exacting task of inputting data from national Red Lists was Hitchmough; page 16 (lower), Jože Bavcon; page 17 (upper), carried out by Chris Cockel and without his dedicated work, the Nkos Krigas; page 20 (upper), Anca Sarbu; page 21, Nikos list would not have been completed. Thank you for your efforts Krigas; page 22 (upper) Simon Williams; page 22 (lower), RBG Chris. We are grateful to all the members of the European Kew; page 23 (upper), Jo Packet; page 23 (lower), Sandrine Botanic Gardens Consortium and other colleagues from Europe Godefroid; page 24 (upper) Jože Bavcon; page 24 (lower), Frank who provided essential advice, guidance and supplementary Scumacher; page 25 (upper) Michael Burkart; page 25, (lower) information on the species included in the database.
    [Show full text]
  • An Overview of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum Spp)-An Underutilized
    Available online at www.ijmrhs.com al R edic ese M a of rc l h a & n r H u e o a J l l t h International Journal of Medical Research & a n S ISSN No: 2319-5886 o c i t i Health Sciences, 2020, 9(7): 39-44 e a n n c r e e t s n I • • I J M R H S An Overview of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum spp)-An Underutilized Crop in India-Nutritional Value and Health Benefits Aneesha Nalinkumar* and Pratibha Singh Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Haryana, India *Corresponding e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Buckwheat is one of the pseudocereals grown annually in hilly regions of India. It belongs to the family Polygonaceae and genus (Fagopyrum spp.) Buckwheat is adaptable to extreme cold temperatures, stress conditions of water, less soil fertility and varying climatic conditions, making it a sustainable crop. A literature search on Buckwheat was done using PubMed and Google search engines and reviewed to prepare an overview of its cultivation, nutritional and health value. In India, twenty species of Buckwheat are cultivated across various hilly regions. Out of these only nine species have desirable nutritional value and two are commonly grown. They are Fagopyrum esculentum Moench (Common buckwheat) and Fagopyrum tataricum (Tartary buckwheat). However, the cultivation of Buckwheat has declined in the 20th century making it an underutilized crop. Buckwheat has good amount of nutrients and many health benefits. There is a need to research about this under-utilized crop and create awareness as this crop has many nutritional and health benefits.
    [Show full text]
  • Fagopyrum Esculentum Ssp. Ancestrale-A Hybrid Species Between Diploid F
    ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 16 July 2020 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01073 Fagopyrum esculentum ssp. ancestrale-A Hybrid Species Between Diploid F. cymosum and F. esculentum Cheng Cheng 1,2,YuFan 1,YuTang 3, Kaixuan Zhang 1, Dinesh C. Joshi 4, Rintu Jha 1, Dagmar Janovská 5, Vladimir Meglicˇ 6, Mingli Yan 2* and Meiliang Zhou 1* 1 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China, 2 School of Life Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China, 3 Department of Tourism, Sichuan Tourism University, Chengdu, China, 4 Indian Council of Agricultural Research- Vivekananda Institute of Hill Agriculture, Almora, India, 5 Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czechia, 6 Crop Science Department, Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia Fagopyrum cymosum is considered as most probable wild ancestor of cultivated buckwheat. However, the evolutionary route from F. cymosum to F. esculentum Edited by: remains to be deciphered. We hypothesized that a hybrid species exists in natural Natascha D. Wagner, University of Göttingen, Germany habitats between diploid F. cymosum and F. esculentum. The aim of this research was Reviewed by: to determine the phylogenetic position of F. esculentum ssp. ancestrale and to provide Angela Jean McDonnell, new thoughts on buckwheat evolution. Different methodologies including evaluation of Chicago Botanic Garden, morphological traits, determination of secondary metabolites, fluorescence in situ United States Kyong-Sook Chung, hybridization (FISH), comparative chloroplast genomics, and molecular markers were Jungwon University, South Korea deployed to determine the phylogenetic relationship of F. esculentum ssp. ancestrale with *Correspondence: F. cymosum and F. esculentum. The ambiguity observed in morphological pattern of Mingli Yan [email protected] genetic variation in three species revealed that F.
    [Show full text]
  • NVEO 2017, Volume 4, Issue 4, Pages 14-27
    Nat. Volatiles & Essent. Oils, 2017: 4(4): 14-27 Celep & Dirmenci REVIEW Systematic and Biogeographic overview of Lamiaceae in Turkey Ferhat Celep1,* and Tuncay Dirmenci2 1 Mehmet Akif Ersoy mah. 269. cad. Urankent Prestij Konutları, C16 Blok, No: 53, Demetevler, Ankara, TURKEY 2 Biology Education, Necatibey Education Faculty, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, TURKEY *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Lamiaceae is the third largest family based on the taxon number and fourth largest family based on the species number in Turkey. The family has 48 genera and 782 taxa (603 species, 179 subspecies and varieties), 346 taxa (271 species, 75 subspecies and varieties) of which are endemic (ca. 44%) (data updated 1th February 2017) in the country. There are also 23 hybrid species, 19 of which are endemic (82%). The results proven that Turkey is one of the centers of diversity for Lamiaceae in the Old World. In addition, Turkey has about 10% of all Lamiaceae members in the World. The largest five genera in the country based on the taxon number are Stachys (118 taxa), Salvia (107 taxa), Sideritis (54 taxa), Phlomis (53 taxa) and Teucrium (49 taxa). According to taxon number, five genera with the highest endemism ratio are Dorystaechas (1 taxon, 100%), Lophantus (1 taxon, 100%), Sideritis (54 taxa, 74%), Drymosiphon (9 taxa, 67%), and Marrubium (27 taxa, 63%). There are two monotypic genera in Turkey as Dorystaechas and Pentapleura. Turkey sits on the junction of three phytogeographic regions with highly diverse climate and the other ecologic features. Phytogeographic distribution of Turkish Lamiaceae taxa are 293 taxa in the Mediterranean (37.4%), 267 taxa in the Irano-Turanian (36.7%), 90 taxa in the Euro-Siberian (Circumboreal) phytogeographic region, and 112 taxa in Unknown or Multiregional (14.3%) phytogeographical elements.
    [Show full text]
  • Achillea Millefolium Common Yarrow
    Top 50 Medicinal Plants Medicinal plants to create an Apothecary-style garden to help our pollinators List Curated by Thomas McBride From research data collected and collated at the National Botanic Garden of Wales NB: Butterflies and Moths are not studied at the NBGW so any data on nectar plants beneficial for them is taken from Butterfly Conservation Introduction At the National Botanic Garden of Wales, we feel it is important to recognise the rich history of botany and plant science we have in Wales and around the UK. One such way to display this is through a living museum of plants once used, and some still used, to treat various ailments and maintain good health. These medicinal plants can be grown together to create a physic garden or apothecaries garden; such as the one we have here. Apothecaries were herbal medicine specialists before the event of modern medicine. The apothecaries garden is split into sections depending on the usage of the plants. If you would also like to create one, you can use this model to help you. Almost all the selected plants are found in our Apothecaries Garden and many are also culinary herbs or ornamentals found elsewhere in the garden. Most of the plants used are native to or naturalised in Western Europe. Garden The Apothecaries The Apothecaries Garden Muscular-Skeletal Digestive Ear, Nose & Throat Nervous Glandular Circulatory Urinary Welsh Natives Cutaneous (Skin) (Used by local Apothecaries) The Circulatory System The Respiratory System The Circulatory system comprises The Respiratory system comprises the Lungs, the Heart, blood and blood vessels; Trachea (Windpipe) and connects directly to arteries, veins and capillaries.
    [Show full text]