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Special Libraries, 1954 Special Libraries, 1950s

12-1-1954

Special Libraries, December 1954

Special Libraries Association

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Recommended Citation Special Libraries Association, "Special Libraries, December 1954" (1954). Special Libraries, 1954. 10. https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1954/10

This Magazine is brought to you for free and open access by the Special Libraries, 1950s at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Special Libraries, 1954 by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. VOLUME 45 DECEMBER 1954 NUMBER 10

The Impact of Documentation on the Research Library Louis Canter

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Newspaper Libraries Current Trends Eddie Weems

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Special Classifications-Committee Report Allen Kent

Metals Division Meets in Chicago 12 ISSUES, $6.00 PER YEAR SINGLE COPIES, $1 .SO

A continuing review of scholarly research into science. the social sciences, and the humanities is now available to patrons of your library through Dissertation Abstracts. 600-word summarics of doctoral dissertations are published exclusively in this monthly magazine. The complete tlisscrtations arc available in low-cost microfilm, or enlargement copy form. This plan of dissertation publication is used by 46 leading universities and colleges. A modest investment of only $6.00 per ycar enables you to partici- pate. Subscribe today.

UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN

Please Mention Special Libraries When Answering Advertisements A DISTINGUISHED MODERN AMERICAN LIBRARY

Director: Howard F. McCaw Architect: Staub & Rather General Contractor: Southwestern Construction Co.

The University of Houston's M. D. Anderson Memorial Library is another modern American Library which has selected VMP bookstacks and library equipment to establish high functional and artistic standards for its interior. Of special interest to all library planners is the VMP Library Planning Service . . . with years of specialized experience in bookstack fabrication. In the very early stages of planning, VMP can help the architect and owner in determining the use and specifications for multi-tier or free- standing bookstacks, shelving, carrel units, book conveyors. Also, VMP makes MOBILWALL moveable steel partitions, steel doors and frames. Call on VMP for advice on new library construction or modernization. Write for complete VMP library bookstack equip- ment catalog, Dept. SL-12.

ORANGE, VIRGINIA Subsidiary of Chesapeake Industries, Inc. Please Mention Special Libraries When Answering Advertisements a new Reference Book of interest to all Research Librarians and Directors of Research

FACULTIES, PUBLICATIONS, AND DOCTORAL THESES IN CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AT UNITED STATES UNIVERSITIES

Prepared by the Committee on Professional Train- ing of the American Chemical Society, this new publication provides for the first time a summary listing alphabetically the majority of colleges and universities in the United States which offer the doctoral degree in Chemistry and/or Chemical En- gineering. The degrees offered and the fields in which they are granted are indicated for each school and department. Faculty members of the various institutions are grouped alphabetically under their affiliation and brief biographical information is summarized for each. In addition, statements of each man's fields of research interest and a specification of his sub- jects of current research activity are included. Titles and literature references for as many as 10 publications are given for faculty members who have authored or co-authored papers.

245 pages-paper bound...... postpaid...... $2.0 per copy

available from Special Publications Department AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 1155 Sixteenth St., N.W., Washington 6, D. C.

Please Menfion Special Libraries When Answering Advertisemenfs ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOCHEMISTRY Vols. 1-5,1932-1936 Vols. 8-11,1939-1942 Vols. 14-15,1945-1946

Cloth bound, 51/iLr' x 8%", $11.00 per uol.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY Volume 1, 1947 Cloth bound, 5%" x 8%", $11.00 per uol. These volumes have been reprinted with the permission of the original publisher. The size of type conforms to the original; the margins have been very slightly reduced in the reprint. llllll Please send orders and inquiries to: JOHNSON REPRINTCORPORATION 125 East 23 Street

New York 10, New York

Just Published! ENCICLOPEDIA DELL0 SPETTACOLO Drama - Opera - Dance - Motion Pictures - Folklore Jazz - Circus - Ballet - Biographies Puppet Shows - Television Stage Design, etc. In the tradition of the Enciclopedia Italiana and the Enciclopedia Cattolica -30,000 entries in alphabetical arrangement -articles by 200 Italian and 400 foreign scholars - 6,000 illustrations - 1856 plates (256 colored) - Rome 1954-. Volume I now available 8 Volumes 11" x 8%" cloth Special Subscription Price $200.00 STECHERT .HAFNER, INC. FOUNDED IN NEW YORK 1872 The World's Leading International Booksellers 31 EAST~OTH STREET, NEW YORK 3, N. Y.

Please Mention Special Libraries When Answering Advertisements SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION "Putting Knowledge to WorK' THE FORTY-SIXTH ANNUAL SLA CONVENTION WILL TAKE PLACE JUNE 12-16, 1955 AT THE HOTEL STATLER. DETROIT, MICHIGAN

OFFICERS PUBLICATIONS President GRETCHEND. LITTLE Aviation Subject Headings. 1949 $1.75 Atlas Powder Company, Wilmington, Delaware A Brief for Corporation Libraries. 1949 $1.75 First Vice-President and President-Elect CHESTERM. LEWIS Classification Scheme and Sub- The New York Times, New York, N. Y. ject Headings List Loan Col- Second Vice-president lection of SLA. Rev. Ed. 1951 $1.50 ISABELLAM. FROST Contributions Toward A Special Lansing Library Service, Oakland, California Library Glossary. 2nd Ed. 1950 $1.25 Secretary Correlation Index Document Series MARGARETA. FIRTH and PB Reports. 1953 $10.00 United Shoe Machinery Corporation Beverly, Massachusetts Creation and Development of an Treasurer Insurance Library. Rev. Ed. 1949 $2.00 BURTONW. ADKINSON Directory of Special Libraries. 1953 $10.00 Library of Congress, Washington, D. C. Fakes and Forgeries in the Fine DIRECTORS Arts. 1950 $1.75 HELEN MARYPYLE Map Collections in the U. S. and Sun Oil Co., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Canada, A Directory. 1954 $3.00 MRS.NELL STEINMETZ Nicknames of American Cities, Pacific Aeronautical Library Towns and Villages Past and Los Angeles, California Present. 1951 $2.00 Numerical Index to the Bibli- EUGENEB. JACKSON National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics ography of Scientific and In- Washington, D. C. dustrial Reports, Vols. 1-10. 1949 $10.00 CLARAG. MILLER SLA Directory of Members. 1951 $4.00 Imperial Oil, Ltd., Toronto, Ontario, Canada Source List of Selected Labor SARAM. PRICE Statistics. Rev. Ed. 1953 $2.00 The Port of New York Authority Subject Headings for Aeronauti- New York, New York ical Engineering Libraries. 1949 $4.00 ELSE L. SCHULZE Subject Headings for Financial Procter 8a Gamble Co., Ivorydale, Ohio Libraries 1954 $5.00 Immediate Past-President Technical Libraries, Their Or- MRS.LUCILE L. KECK ganization and Management. 1951 $6.00 Joint Reference Library, Chicago, Illinois Visual Presentation. Our Library. 1953 $10.00

OFFICIAL JOURNAL SPECIAL LIBRARIES, published monthly Sep SPECIAL LIBRARIES tember to April, bi-monthly May to August, by Special Libraries Association, Editorial 0 Offices, 31 East Tenth Street, New York 3, SPONSORED PERIODICAL N. Y. Publication Office: Rea Building, TECHNICAL BOOK REVIEW INDEX 704 Second Avenue, Pittsburgh 19, Pa. Subscription, $7.50 a year ($8.00 Foreign) SUBSCRIPTIONS:$7 a year; foreign $7.50; single copies 75 cents. M~BERSHIPDUES SCHEDULE:Institutional, MANUSCRIPTSsubmitted for publication must $30; ti^^, $10; ~~~i~t~,$5; student, be typed, double space, on only one aide of $2; Sustaining, $50; Life, $250. the uaner. Mail manuscri~tsto Editor. For qualifications, privileges and further . . information, write to the Executive Secre- REPRINTS may be ordered immediately prior tary. Special Libraries Association, 31 East to or following publication. Send reprint ~ekhstreet, New York 3, N. Y. orders to Executive Secretary.

Entered as second-class matter February, 5. 1947, at the Post Office in Pittsburgh, Pa., under the Act of March 3 1879 Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provlded for in the Act of February 28,' 1925.' authorized February 5, 1947. Special Libraries OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION

Indexed in Industrial Arfs Index, Public Affairs Information Service, and Library Literature

CONTENTS FEATURE ARTICLES The Impact of Documentation on the Research Library . LOUISCANTER 407 Newspaper Libraries: Current Trends . EDDIEWEEMS 414

SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION President's Message ...... GRETCHEN D. LITTLE 4 16 SLA Committee on Special Classifications . ALLENKENT 417

SPECIAL FEATURES SLA Metals Division Meets in Chicago ...... 421 AD1 Annual Meeting ...... HELEN M. FRESKO422

DEPARTMENTS Chapter Highlights ...... 423 Have You Heard ...... 424 Obituaries ...... 427 Off the Press ...... 428 Calendar ...... 430

Editorial Board Chairman: ALMACLARVOE MITCHILL MRS. MARIE S. GOFF RUTH SAVORD Ex Officio: LUCILLEJACKSON

Editorial Staff Editor: DORARICHMAN Business Manager: MARIANE. LUCNS

Regional Representatives MIDDLE WEST: MARIONE. WELLS WEST: ALBERT P. BRADLEY SOUTH : MARTHAMARSHALL CANADA: GRACEREYNOLDS

- -- Papers published in SPECIALLIBRARIES express the views of the authors, and do not represent the opinion or the policy of the editorial staff or the publisher. Contents, copyright, 1954, by Special Libraries Association, 31 East 10th Street, New York 3, New York. Important New Books for Special Libraries

1954 Revised Edition HANDBOOK FOR DISCUSSION LEADERS By J. JEFFERYAUER and HENRY LEE EWBANK

Widely used by business and numerous other organizations in conducting con- ferences and discussions, this volume has now been completely brought up to date, both in theory and in the examples used. Complete, simple and detailed, this manual sets forth a step-by-step procedure for planning, organizing and conducting both private and public discussions. "A distinctive contribution to the literature on public discussion." - Quarterly Journal of Speech. $2.50

AMERICA'S RESOURCES OF SPECIALIZED TALENT A Current Appraisal and a Look Ahead

Here for the first time is an authoritative body of information as to this country's resources of talented and trained personnel in the fields of the sciences, engineering, business, commerce and other professions. Businessmen, especially personnel executives, and vocational counselors will find invaluable this projection of specialist needs and the possibility of their fulfillment - as set forth from the Report of the Commission on Human Resources and Advanced Training. "Will undoubtedly become a standard reference in its field." -New York Times. $4.00

ADVERTISING IN MODERN RETAILING By CARRIEMILLS ROWLAND, Advertising Consultant

"Valuable to anyone in the advertising or retailing field." - STANLEYMARCUS, President, Neiman-Marcus. The first modem guide to the actual practice of advertising in the retail store today. Describes how advertising is planned, budgeted, designed and placed through the different levels of the store manage- ment and in coordination with the various merchandise divisions of the store. Especially useful to the small or medium-size store outside metropolitan areas. $4.50

AT YOUR BOOKSTORE OR FROM Department 32 HARPER & BROTHERS 49L33rdSt,NewYorkll,N.Y.

Please Mention Special Libraries When Answering Advertisements The Impact of Documentation on the Research Library*

LOUISCANTER Librarian, The Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Laboratory, Silver Spring, Maryland* *

E ARE ALL FAMILIAR with the collection4 (all of which are subject to wgreat size and rapid growth of military security regulations that re- technical report literature in the past strict their availability)? the adept dozen years. It has been estimated that handling of these research reports be- these research reports, mainly a phe- comes a very challenging task indeed. nomenon of government-sponsored re- These documents in order to be of value search, are being issued at the rate of must be processed in a systematic and about seventy-five thousand a year.' expeditious manner so as to be readily Each research library, obviously, is available for dissemination to the libra- concerned with these documents only ry's clientele. when they relate to the work of its own A research organization, such as my organization. But even with this limita- own, also produces reports and often tion, research libraries are adding these the task of distributing these reports is reports to their collections at the rate given to the librarian to administer. It of several thousands annually. is usuallv assumed that the existence of In my own organization, The Johns these internal reports will also be re- Hopkins University Applied Physics corded in a systematic and expeditious Laboratory, for example, our reports manner so that they will be readily acquisitions number some five thousand available for purposes of reference and titles a year, with our total collection future distribution. currently amounting to over forty To this entire range of document ac- thousand separate titles. And the size tivity-from the creation of recorded of our reports collection is a modest knowledge to its publication, dissemina- one when we consider the libraries of tion, storage, organization, and use - several of the large government re- the name of documentation has been search laboratories whose document ap~lied.~ holdings number in the hundreds of There are some individuals engaged thousand^.^ in technical information activities who When we add to this document ac- would limit the scope of the above de- tivity the knowledge that at least fifty finition of documentation by not includ- per cent of all unpublished government ing the production or distribution of research reports issued come under the documents, stating that these activities category of military security classified necessarily fall within the province of inf~rmation,~and that the classified the publishing field; and there are holdings of some research libraries range others who would claim that the re- as high as eighty per cent of their total maining functions -those of acquisi- tion, storage, organization and use- *Based on an address presented at a meet- properly fall within the field of special ing of the Connecticut Valley Chapter, Special librarianship. And there are still others Libraries Association, in Hartford, Connecti- who would argue that it is the area in cut, on November 19, 1953. **Operating under contract NOrd 7386 which these two fields overlap that with the Bureau of Ordnance, Department of should rightfully be designated as the the Navy. realm of doc~mentation.~ However, whether we limit our de- information. While it is sometimes diffi- finition or not, whether we propose to cult to be put on an organization's docu- look upon documentation as simply a ments mailing list, it is also true that word, a trend, a movement or a new it is often impossible to be taken off. vocation, the fact remains that docu- Another peculiarity of these research mentation is still very much with us. reports is that they are for the most Report literature, at first was handled part available free, yet when they are by the research librarian with varying not received automatically, and are degrees of success. It was soon discov- needed, they are frequently quite diffi- ered that these documents did not lend cult to obtain. These documents are not themselves easily to being identified as usually found listed in the standard pe- conventional library materials; nor did riodical indexes; there is no union list these documents easily respond to the of documents that can be consulted, nor treatment afforded by the Dewey Deci- a work comparable to the Cumulative mal or Library of Congress classifica- Book Index or Books in Print when re- tion systems; nor were the available port identification is needed for order- subject heading lists sufficiently com- ing purposes. Several organizations, how- prehensive or sufficiently up-to-date for ever, publish indexes of their reports, the very specific indexing that these and while their listings of unclassified documents required. reports are easily obtainable, their list- Re-Evaluation ings of classified documents, if they Furthermore, when these technical exist at all, are available only through reports first made their impact in great military channels on an approved numbers on the research library, and "need-to-know" basis. users of these reports first made their A further peculiarity of these reports impatient demands for this material, it is that since they are for the most part became very apparent to the research issued by the Department of Defense librarian that a sudden shift in em- agencies and their contractors, it is phasis had occurred. The materials that sometimes difficult to determine their had once been considered ephemeral, precise origin. This is true especially that had been relegated to the vertical when the names of the military agency file collection, usually without the de- or agencies, the contractor, and possibly tailed processing accorded to books and the subcontractor to a prime contractor, periodicals, now required more precise all appear on the cover of the report to and more thorough and more imme- receive credit for the work accomplish- diate bibliographic organization than ed and, in so far as the librarian is con- library materials had ever received be- cerned, to complicate determination of fore. It was inevitable that a re-evalu- of its origin. There is also the other ex- ation of the traditional methods of treme where a report is received with librarianship should occur. Mortimer no originating agency identification on Taube described this situation very it whatsoever. graphically at the Special Libraries As- Occasionally instructions are given sociation annual meeting in 1952.8 inside the report on where to write for The new literature revealed itself to additional copies. This important item be different in several ways. One pe- of information is not usually found in a culiarity was that these documents ar- bibliographic reference to the report it- rived in the library in great numbers self and quite often further delays its and in many cases without their being acquisition. The difficulties and frustra- requested. Being placed on an organi- tions encountered in obtaining research zation's mailing list in order to have its reports are numerous. research reports sent to you as soon as When the housing of these reports issued was, and continues to be, a pri- had to be considered, it was discovered mary method of acquiring this type of that it was necessary to depart from

408 SPECIAL LIBRARIES conventional library shelving and make a decision had to be made as to the use of lock-type filing cabinets or fire- originator of each document before it proof vault rooms with shelves. Some could be filed. This decision was often libraries, however, have managed to ar- difficult to make, but once made had range the unclassified reports that are to be adhered to each time the docu- issued in a uniform series on their reg- ment was returned to the files and also ular library shelves. In other cases, in each time another document was re- order to comply with security regula- ceived from the same source. Among tions for highly classified material, even other things, in deciding where to file a separate and more rigidly secured col- document, one had to be constantly lections have to be maintained apart careful to distinguish contractors from from the regular report collection it- their military sponsors as the issuing self. Since these document collections agency; not to confuse one agency with are not usually conducive to browsing, another where names were very similar; nor in many organizations would it be and to be on the watch for changes in permitted, often all classified and un- the name of an organization, especially classified reports are stored together in the military, so that their reports would one collection in order to simplify and still be filed together. Such problems as make uniform the filing process. these were eliminated entirely by serial Arrangement number filing. The arrangement of these reports Another advantage is that maximum varies from organization to organiza- use is made of our space. Each cabinet tion. The two most popular methods of is filled to capacity and new reports are filing are (1) by source or originating added on to the end of our collection. agency of the document, and (2) by There is no need to allocate expansion consecutive accession or serial number. space within the filing cabinets for the In my own organization, we house anticipated arrival of future reports as our collection in five-drawer lock-type was necessary before. Not only do we filing cabinets and file the documents eliminate "dead space" under our ac- by accession number. It was not always cession number filing system, but also thus. Up to two and one-half years ago we no longer have to shift reports from our reports, then numbering some one cabinet to another in order to make twenty-five thousand titles were filed by room for material to be added within source. Because this method began to the collection. break down under the size of our col- Serial number filing has led to an lection and the demands made upon it, easier method for our laboratory per- we instituted an intensive conversion sonnel to request reports as well as an program and within six months had easier method for our filling these re- our collection changed over to its pres- quests. Since consecutive serial num- ent accession number filing arrange- bers are carried on our accessions lists, ment. requests come in simply using these The advantages that had been an- numbers for identification of the re- ticipated under the new filing system ports desired, and we can withdraw were more than realized. Immediately them directly from our files. many of the problems that had plagued Under the former method, requests us under the source arrangement were were made entirely by giving source eliminated. Under the new system no and description of the report, and this previous knowledge or experience is information usually had to be checked necessary in order to file correctly our in the card catalog for accuracy before great variety of incoming documents. searching the files. Aside from requiring They are simply filed in accession num- the expenditure of less effort on the ber sequence. part of the requester of a document, Formerly under the "source" method, our new method of serial number identi-

DECEMBER, 1954 fication almost completely eliminates Another practice is to separate the any possibility of security compromise. reports files into two collections, one We found that the chief disadvantage containing unclassified and confidential of serial number filing is that reports documents (which often represents the issued in series, i.e., progress reports, large majority of the reports received), etc., are scattered throughout the col- and the other, smaller collection, con- lection instead of being kept together taining only those documents classified as would be the case if filed by source. secret. However, if the reports are needed in Thus the requirements dictated by this manner, they can be withdrawn security regulations and security con- from the files after obtaining the acces- trols and the necessary compartment- sion numbers from the card catalog. alization of classified reports collections This normally results in only a slight have greatly altered the physical ap- delay. pearance as well as the functions of the It should also be mentioned that our research library. internal reports, i.e., those produced by It did not take long to discover that the Applied Physics Laboratory, con- the descriptive cataloging of these re- tinue to be filed in report number ar- search reports called for further de- rangement in separate five-drawer filing partures from conventional library prac- cabinets for the various series of reports tice. New elements of identification such that we issue. By taking an active part as issuing agency, contracting agency, in the production of the Applied Physics report number, contract number, and Laboratory's reports, we try to insure security classification appeared to be compliance with some of our catalog- of major cataloging importance; and, ing needs, such as having a report num- while the usual entries of title, individ- ber assigned to every report, using the ual author, date, and so on, were also same title on the cover that is on the necessary, it was found that the thor- title page, and listing information neces- ough bibliographic information and col- sary for bibliographic identification. lation entries normally used for exam- Our reports collection, seventy-five ple, on the Library of Congress cards, per cent of which consists of classified were not required. reports, is set up apart from our regular technical library of published books and Subject Headings periodicals. Each has its own staff and It was also discovered that the gen- maintains separate catalogs and biblio- eral subject headings that were custom- graphic aids. However, both are inte- arily assigned to books and periodicals grated administratively and operation- were inadequate for the indexing of re- ally since they are under the direction search reports. A more intensive sub- of the same supervisor. Close coopera- ject approach was demanded by the tion is maintained in order to avoid un- users of this material. There was early necessary duplication in the handling recognition of this shortcoming by the of unclassified literature and in render- larger research libraries, and detailed ing reference service. subject heading lists on technical sub- Some libraries vary this practice and jects began to appear. house their unclassified reports together In 1947 the Office of Technical Ser- with their books and periodicals, still vices of the Department of Commerce maintaining, however, a separate cat- pub1 is h e d its Subject Headings for alog and a separate storage area for Technical Libraries, which was based their classified reports. Under this ar- on an earlier work issued in 1946 by rangement some integration of library the Office of Research and Inventions services is achieved by using the same of the U. S. Navy. personnel for handling and processing The Technical Information Division both types of literature. of the Library of Congress in 1952 is-

SPECIAL LIBRARIES sued the third edition of its List of Sub- fied and unclassified reports that have ject Headings. been issued by other sources. These Special Libraries Association has rec- cards, unfortunately, usually do arrive ognized this need and has made avail- too late to save most libraries the initial able subject heading lists for aviation, cataloging chores required in order to chemistry, and aeronautical engineering. make their acquisitions immediately Since these subject heading lists are available. rarely slanted toward the exact needs Some organizations, however, are be- of a research library, and since there is ginning to issue cards with their reports, no subject heading list that is kept suf- and, if sufficient uniformity of cata- ficiently up-to-date to include the ad- loging practices is ever achieved, this ditions and the rapid changes in the trend, which is strongly encouraged by terminology of science and technology, the Department of Defense, should many research libraries have had to bring about a reduction in the time and prepare their own lists of subject head- effort expended in cataloging as well as ings. In 1952 my own reports library, in its cost. for example, issued a subject heading Distribution list for guided missiles, because many Making these documents available to libraries of organizations engaged in the research personnel of its organiza- similar work voiced a need for such a tion is a major responsibility of the list. We are making this publication technical library. In my own organiza- available without charge to all who re- tion this is accomplished largely by issu- quest it.g ing separate classified and unclassified The difficult task of assigning sub- reports accessions lists, which are, in ject headings to reports and the variety effect, reproductions of our catalog of methods in use have recently come cards and each of which contains a de- in for a great deal of discussion by libra- tailed index to the items listed. We also rians and documentalists, and a new perform automatic routing of reports by concept of indexing has appeared known subject interests, and we circulate li- as the "Uniterm system of coordinate brary accessions bulletins received from indexing." This system, developed by a other organizations. private organization called Documenta- In addition to these activities, our tion, Inc., is still in the experimental documents library is responsible for the stage.1° internal and external distribution of There has also been some attempt approximately five thousand copies per made to standardize the format of the month of reports originated by the Ap- catalog cards prepared for technical re- plied Physics Laboratory. Classified re- ports and to advocate the use of uni- ceipts have to be prepared for many of form forms of entry. The Armed Ser- these documents and complete records vices Technical Information Agency has must be kept for accountability pur- been a major force in this movement, poses as required by security regulations. with the Atomic Energy Commission, No description of the documentation National Advisory Committee for Aero- functions that are being performed by nautics, Naval Research Laboratory, research libraries in this country can The Johns Hopkins University Applied be complete without mentioning the Physics Laboratory, and several other very active part played by the docu- organizations, preparing their cards to mentation centers. conform in general to the standards Soon after the end of World War 11, recommended.ll these huge documentation centers were The Armed Services Technical In- established to give assistance in the ac- formation Agency also makes available quisition and dissemination of research to the military agencies and their con- reports. In July 1946 the Office of Tech- tractors, printed cards for both classi- nical Services of the Department of

DECEMBER, 1954 Commerce was created for the purpose ographical and reference services and of collecting and disseminating unclassi- copies of the reports on either a loan or fied and declassified scientific and tech- a retention basis."15 nical reports on wartime research as Of course, we have also come to well as the technical documents cap- know of other large documentation cen- tured in enemy countries. Later, in 1950, ters such as the Technical Information its functions were redefined to make it Service of the Atomic Energy Commis- also a clearing house for unclassified sion, and the Division of Research In- technical information useful to Ameri- formation of the National Advisory can industry and business.12 Committee for Aeronautics. All of these In the year 1945 we observed the great document atio n activities have formation of the Air Documents Divi- proved invaluable at times in provid- sion of the Air Force in Dayton, Ohio, ing copies of reports and other biblio- to continue the work that it had begun graphic assistance when called upon to in London in 1944 under the name of do so. They have also encouraged ex- the Air Documents Research Center. It perimentation in documentation meth- had undertaken the task of organizing odology and have been leaders in the and cataloging some fifteen hundred search for mechanical and electronic tons of captured documents and reports aids to bibliographic organization. of air-technical interest. In 1948 this organization expanded its services to Professional Discussion all of the military agencies and their Several meetings, most of them spon- contractors and also changed its name sored by professional associations and to Central Air Documents Office, well certain interested government agencies, known to many of us as CAD0.13 have been held in recent years to dis- In 1946 we saw the establishment of cuss problems and report progress in the Science and Technology Project in the documentation field. These meet- the Library of Congress under contract ings have been attended not only by to the Office of Naval Research for cen- special librarians but in even greater tral documents cataloging and biblio- numbers by a host of individuals em- graphic services. Three years later, the ployed in a wide variety of related name of this project was changed to pursuits. Navy Research Section, and in 1951 it The subject of these meetings -the became the Technical Information Di- production, administration, and use of vision of the Library of Congress.' technical reports -has engaged the at- And then, in May 1951 a merger was tention of such persons as technical in- officially brought about between the formation officers, subject literature Central Air Documents Office in Day- specialists, security officers, technical ton and the Technical Information Di- reports editors, engineering writers, pub- vision of the Library of Congress to lication supervisors, electronic scien- give the Department of Defense a uni- tists, and others who call themselves fied technical information service. This simply documentalists. Out of this uni- new documentation center has been versal interest and cooperative effort named the Armed Services Technical should come new and better ways of Information Agency, or as we have bibliographic organization, and very come to call it, ASTIA. Its avowed mis- likely, also the introduction of new me- sion is to "collect, index, catalog, and chanical and electronic devices to assist provide storage for scientific and tech- in handling and sorting the great vol- nical reports of the military depart- ume of material available. ments and their contractors, and re- A joint attack on the problems pre- ports from certain other sources; pre- sented by the new report literature un- pare and distribute digests and ab- doubtedly will effect a reassessment of stracts of the reports; and provide bibli- the basic tenets of established library

SPECIAL LIBRARIES systems. Working on the assumption Perhaps we shall discover, after all is that it is technology that has got the said and done, that documentation is library into its present predicament, the nothing more than simply one of the belief is that only technology offers many activities that we have come to any promise of getting the library out identify as "special" in special librarian- again. ship. References New Techniques 1 FRY,BERNARD M. Library Organization and The claim is that libraries are using Management of Technical Reports Litera- roughly the same techniques today that ture. Washington, D. C.: The Catholic they have been using for the past fifty University of America Press, 1953, p. 8-9. years; that librarians tend to be over- 2 Ibid. p. 11. conservative and normally resist drastic :$ Ibid. p. 9. changes in their methods.1° Ibid. p. 11. J CANTER, LOUIS. Factors Restricting the While this may be an oversimplifica- Availability of Government Research Re- tion of the case and does not take into ports. American Documentation, 3 :133- account economic factors and other 138, August 1952. considerations, there appears to be a fi TATE,VERNON D. Introducing American real danger, however, in our assuming Documentation. American Documentation, 1 : 3, January 1950. an attitude of indifference and lack of 7 MILLER,E. EUGENE.The Role of Docu- cooperation with the actions taking mentation Centers in Servicing Reporr place in documentation circles. If we Libraries. Paper presented at Workshop oppose the adoption of new methods for Production and Use of Technical Re- simply on the grounds that they are ports, Catholic University, Washington, foreign to accepted library procedures D. C., April 13, 1953, p. 1-4. 8 TAUBE,MORTIMER. Special Librarianship and have not been taught in the library and Documentation. SPECIALLIBRARIES, schools; or if we fail to encourage ex- 43:206-208, July-August 1952. perimentation in the development of 9 TG 151-1. Subject Heading List for Guided new concepts of library practice; then Missiles. Silver Spring, Maryland: Ap- we run a real risk of having the role of plied Physics Laboratory, The Johns the special librarian becoming a sub- Hopkins University, November 1952. 11) TAUBE,MORTIMER and Associates. Studies ordinate one in the handling of techni- in Coordinate Indexing. Washington, cal information. This warning has al- D. C.: Documentation, Inc., 1953. ready come to us in the words of Jesse 11 GRAY,DWIGHT E. An Experiment in Stand- Shera when he said: ". . . recent history ardization. Physics Today, 4:8-9, March suggests that the present chaotic and 1951. uncoordinated proliferation of these re- 12 GRAY,DWIGHT E. Office of Technical Ser- vices of the Department of Commerce. lated activities (documentation and spe- Physics Today, 4:24-26, December 1951. cial librarianship) will increase rather 13 CADO Now Autonomous Organization; Lat- than diminish unless a persistent and est Step in Evolution of London Research determined effort is made toward re- Center. Technical Data Digest, 14:6, unification. Yet, if the same status quo July 1949. is allowed to persist, the profession of 14 Office of Naval Research. The Navy Re- search Section, Library of Congress. librarianship will not only lose control Monthly Research Report, p.26-33, May of its very substance, but it will de- 1951. teriorate into a simple custodial opera- 15U. S. Department of Defense. Technical tion."17 Information Activities of the Department Conclusion of Defense. Science, 114: 653, December 21, 1951. If it is true that the age of docu- R RID EN OUR, LOUISN. Bibliography in an mentation is upon us, then its impact Age of Science. Urbana: University of upon the special library offers us a Illinois Press, 1951, p. 6, 13. 1' SHERA,JESSE H. Special Librarianship and challenge. I think we should make a Documentation. Library Trends, 1: 193- real effort to understand this challenge. 194. October 1952.

DECEMBER, 1954 413 NEWSPAPER LIBRARIES Current Trends

EDDIEWEEMS Journalism Instructor, Baylor University, Waco, Texas

The writer of this article holds the Master of Journalism degree from the University of Texas and the Master of Arts degree in library science from Florida State University, and has had editorial experience on three Texas daily newspapers. Mr. Weems, in addition to his work as instructor of journalism, is first I catalog assistant in the main library at Baylor University. As a part of his Master's paper, "A Study of American Newspaper Libraries," written at the Florida State University Library School, Mr. Weems queried thirty-six newspaper librarians across the country on personnel, budgets, organization, resources, and problems of their libra- ries. The librarians were also asked to note any outstanding trends in newspaper libraries today. This article discusses those trends.

UESTIONNAIRES returned by libra- These four trends may be enumerated Q rians of nineteen of the largest as follows: newspapers in all sections of the coun- 1. Making a comprehensive information try indicate that morgues and libraries center for the use of public and news- are lively as never before, and a con- paper staff alike out of what was the tinuing trend to an even more active morgue. Eight of the librarians mention future is foreseen. this as the most significant trend among newspaper libraries today. Participating Newspaper Libraries 2. Giving better service with more mod- Not only have morgues been improv- ern methods, such as a more efficient ed, and in many cases dignified by the filing system and the use of microfilm. title, "newspaper library," but there are Seven librarians note this trend. more of them in existence today. This 3. Winning recognition from manage- is due largely to four general trends, ment of the value of an efficient news- state the nineteen librarians, who repre- paper library. Three think this develop- sent the Atlanta Journal and Constitu- ment is significant enough to mention. tion, Baltimore Sun, Birmingham News, 4. Employing young people to train in Chicago Daily News, Christian Science newspaper library work instead of "re- Monitor, Denver Post, Deseret News tiring" elderly newsmen to a position in and Telegram of Salt Lake City, Hous- the library. One librarian mentions this ton Chronicle, Kansas City Star, Los change as particularly noticeable among Angeles Times, Louisville Courier-Jour- newspaper libraries. nal, Miami Herald, Milwaukee Jour- Romeo Carraro of the Los Angeles nal, Minneapolis Star and Tribune, Times states that he believes the most New York Herald Tribune, New York significant change in newspaper libra- Times, Providence Journal, San Fran- ries in the past decade to be service to cisco Chronicle, and Washington Post. the general public. Newspaper libraries

SPECIAL LIBRARIES were founded, of course, for the use of Courier-Journal states that a significant the staff, but they tend to serve the trend is "microfilming of bound files in public more and more-in answering order to conserve space and preserve questions by mail and by telephone, by the records of the fast-deteriorating writing question - and - answer columns, paper, especially that used during World and, in some cases, by interlibrary loans. War I and after." Service to the public may also utilize "The future," he adds, "holds forth other media. For example, the Mil- microfilming of clipping files and photo- waukee Journal library as early as graph files, and methods to supply these January 1927, had a radio program on materials, not only on film but actual which it answered questions from Jour- prints, in the quickest time possible." nal readers. Mr. Shoemaker is also one of the three librarians who mention the grow- Library Service ing recognition of the value of news- Newspaper libraries are serving the paper libraries by the management. staff more, too. "In the past decade," he declares, "Our library," states Librarian Thelma "many publishers have realized the Weber of the San Francisco Chronicle, value of a newspaper library to its or- "is called upon for more information by ganization, thereby creating many new staff members than ever before. Prob- libraries on papers that never had one." ably it is because they have found we The Baltimore Sun's Clement G. are becoming better able to provide it Vitek seconds that with this statement: than in the past." "The recognition is more widespread Jack Burness, librarian of the Wash- that the library is a necessity, not a ington Post, gives another reason for in- luxury, and that it makes money by creased usage of the library. More in- saving money. It is not a non-producer." terpretive writing, he declares, has made Charles A. Brown I11 of the Minne- it necessary for newsmen to obtain apolis Star and Tribune sees as most background information. The newspaper important, the trend to "hiring younger library is the place for that. people to train in newspaper library The Birmingham News' J. F. Rother- work instead of retiring old reporters, me1 joins Miss Weber and Mr. Burness copyreaders, telegraph editors, and the in reporting a noticeable increase in like to the libraries." usage of the newspaper's information center by reporters. Just how great this Conclusion usage may grow is seen in the estimate Both journalism and library schools by Chief Librarian Chester M. Lewis of evidently would be wise. to take a sec- the New York Times that his library ond look at Mr. Brown's statement, be- has 400 users daily from among the cause training for newspaper librarian- staff. ship is neglected by both. This shows William H. Schiela of the Milwaukee up in probably the most significant find- Journal believes that better service is ing from the nineteen returned ques- the outstanding change in newspaper tionnaires: There is a continuing short- libraries, particularly through improved age of qualified prospective newspaper methods of "classifying and filing, so library employees. Fifteen of the nine- that items may be obtained in mo- teen librarians report they have diffi- ments." culty in hiring qualified personnel. Lorena Jones of the Denver Post also Considering these trends, it would notes better filing methods and an im- seem that the rare individual who has proved system of cross-references, im- had journalism and library schooling or portant factors in providing better and experience, or a desire for them, could faster library service. do worse than go to the morgue for a Ralph Shoemaker of the Louisville lively job.

DECEMBER, 1954 415 President's Message THE 195 5 BUDGET Each year at the fall Executive Board meeting, the Finance Committee presents a budget for the following year. This Committee prepares the annual budget by including current continuing expenses such as Head- quarters' salaries and expenses, the publication cost of SPECIALLIBRARIES and TECHNICALBOOK REVIEW INDEX, allotments to chapters and divisions, requests from committees and projects approved by the Executive Board and the membership. This fall, the Finance Committee presented a deficit budget, i.e., a budget that anticipates annual expenditures in excess of anticipated receipts. During the October Executive Board meeting, expenditures of over $91,000 were approved while income for 1955 is estimated at only $87,000, leaving an estimated deficit of $4,175. Of this amount, $2,450, is not a continuing expense, but the additional $1,725 may recur in succeeding years. The Association has approximately $10,000 in a savings account over and above the amount needed for present operations. With annual expenditures of around $2,000 over estimated income, this account would be exhausted in five years. This does not mean that the Association will be bankrupt, but it does mean that expenses must be reduced or income increased within the next five years or it will be necessary to draw upon the Reserve Fund. The table following indicates a breakdown of our receipts and expenditures as included in the 1955 budget. BUDGET 1955 Income : Dollars Per Cent Dues ...... $ 58,000 64 SPECIALLIBRARIES ..... 13,150 14 TBRI ...... 9,000 10 Miscellaneous ...... 7,000 8 87,150 "Excess of expenses over income . . 4,175 4 Tofal ..... Expenses: Allocation to: Chapters . . . $ 7,000 Divisions . . . 2,900 Committees . . 4,225 General Operations . 45,710 SPECIALLIBRARIES . 21,105 TBRI .... . 6,500 Miscellaneous . . . 3,885 Total ...... $ 91,325 :$ To come ouf of money previously accumulated. Your Executive Board has to use its own judgment in deciding how the Association's money should be spent unless it has the opinions of the members as to the services and projects they think most important. Won't each of you please write to the Executive Board, individually or collectively, and indicate your wishes as to how the Association dollar should be spent. Please remember these are not only your dollars but the dollars of others as well. GRETCHEND. LITTLE,President

416 SPECIAL LIBRARIES SLA Committee on Special Classifications SP~IALdH8Rf Prepared for the Committee by ALLEN KENT Principal Documentation Engineer, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio

SPECIAL PROJECT initiated in 1953 H. Clickner, U. S. Bureau of the Census, A has been conducted by the Com- joined the group as chairman. mittee on Special Classifications and Classification Project has been conceined with studying the The ASM-SLA classification was de- machine literature-searching methods signed to serve three purposes:l now under development by James W. 1. To provide a logical and practical break- down of the entire field of metallurgy which Perry and associates at Battelle Memo- could have universal applications in classify- rial Institute. Particular attention is ing and indexing the literature. being directed at determining the re- 2. To serve as a guide for a punched-card lationship between the present ASM- filing system that could be used by metal- SLA Metallurgical Literature Classifica- lurgists or librarians for collections of data. 3. To be used as a pattern for classifying and tion and the developing system. coding the abstracts published in ASM Re- The link between various searching systems view of Metal Literature. is the terminology used to characterize impor- Many of the better known classifica- tant aspects of subject matter. Therefore, at- tion systems, such as the Dewey Deci- tention has been given to the terminology af the ASM-SLA classification, with a view to mal, Universal Decimal, the Library of providing semantic codes for the terms so that Congress cataloging system, and others the basis is laid for the interchange of pro- were designed to accommodate all fields cessed literature between manual and mech- of science and technology. Two adverse anized systems. A corollary benefit would be effects in a specialized field such as to permit the relatively simple conversion of a rapidly growing manual system into a metallurgy resulted: specially designed mechanized system. 1. Subjects of particular interest to metal- The types of files prepared so far are de- lurgists are difficult to collect and to organize, scribed and the plans for continuing aspects since these are scattered among a wide variety of the project are outlined. of other subjects of relatively little importance The aid of SLA members in collecting spe- to metallurgists. cialized terminology and definitions in fields 2. The subdivisions of the more general classi- other than metallurgy will be enlisted. Contacts fication systems do not provide sufficient spe- have already been established in the fields of cificity in many literature searches by metal- automotive engineering and in ordnance. lurgists. A special project was initiated by the com- To help alleviate this situation, a mittee early in 1953 to study in detail the punched-card information-storage sys- machine literature methods under develop- tem was designed to permit the multi- ment by James W. Perry and his associates. dimensional analysis of metallurgical Since a machine system based on these meth- ods was slated for installation and test at subject matter.2 The ASM-SLA classi- Battelle Memorial Institute, particular atten- fication was designed primarily for use tion was directed to determining the com- with a manually operated punched-card patibility of the developing system with the system. The upper limit for such a existing ASM-SLA classification of metallurg- system is considered to be about 10,000 ical literature. The entire committee took part in the items. project. The working group consisted of: Mrs. The limitations are imposed by two Marjorie R. Hyslop, American Society for restrictions: Metals; Frederica M. Weitlauf, Timken Roller 1. By the limited number of holes on these Bearing Company; Mr. W. W. Howell, Chem- cards, which by restricting the number of ical Abstracts; Stewart J. Stockett, Battelle index entries that can be punched in any one Memorial Institute; and Allen Kent, Battelle card, places a ceiling on the resolving power Memorial Institute. In June 1954, Mrs. Louise of a hand-sorted punched-card system.

DECEMBER, 1954 2. By the dissatisfaction arising from too many of appropriate codes7 Prerequisites for manual needling and sorting manipulations." establishing such codes are the collec- The possibilities have been studied for broadening the scope of the classification so tion and analysis of the terminologies that it could serve as an international standard of the fields of interest. The terms thus for the classification and indexing of metal- become the building blocks in construct- lurgical literature and so that collections con- ing the code sy~tem.~ taining hundreds of thousands of references Approximately 30,000 terms have could be controlled in a practical manner. The goal is the design of a literature system that been gathered and defined to date. Code could eventually be integrated into a larger development has been subst a n t i a 11 y mechanized metallurgical information center, completed for about 25 per cent of and that, at the same time, could be utilized these termsg in more limited systems on a practical basis. The design of new searching equip- Such coordination of techniques and purposes was felt to be practical. ment has been proceeding concurrently with the development of the new meth- Machine Literature Searching Project4 ods for the indexing-abstracting of scien- Advances in methods for generating tific and technical papers."' technical knowledge have for many years far outstripped advances in meth- Searching Systems ods for utilizing recorded knowledge. The eventual size and complexity of Recently, however, new equipment and technical files often cannot be predicted techniques have been developed to ex- with a high degree of certainty when a pedite and to facilitate the recall and new information collection is being correlation of technical knowledge pre- started.1° Consequently, it is often not maturely embalmed in publication~and possible to determine which of many in- similar records. formation retrieval systems will eventu- Competitive-minded organizations ally be most advantageous, e.g., card have become increasingly aware that catalogs, conventional classification sys- research efficiency requires that the tems, standard indexes, hand-sorted most effective methods be used in the punched-card systems, "Uniterms," research library. This has provided the mechanized punched card, tape or film impetus to studies in novel information- systems, etc. handling techniques. In processing information for retrieval, The possibility of using a mechanized the identification of important aspects device to obtain information from a of subject matter is a necessary pre- file in the field of chemistry was first liminary to establishing any system for brought to the attention of research retrieving or correlating information. In workers in 1945.5 This work of Cox, order to be effective, this preliminary Bailey, and Casey demonstrated the analysis must be conducted by subject usefulness and indicated the limitations matter specialists and it is an exacting, of hand-sorted, marginally-punched time-consuming, and expensive task. cards in the handling of scientific and Therefore, it is important that the re- technical literature. sults of this analysis by specialists be Preliminary experiments with auto- presented in a form independent of the matic equipment for information search- system chosen for storing the informa- ing showed that the key problems are: tion. The purpose is to develop method- 1. The analysis of information for its essential ology so that converting from one sys- features. tem to another, e.g., manual to machine, 2. The expression of these features in some may be accomplished mainly by cleri- medium, e.g., punched cards, tape, film.6 ical routines rather than requiring costly In order to make explicit the mean- reanalysis of subject matter. ings of terms used in an automatic Such a procedure is in the later stages system, these meanings must be record- of design and de~elopment.~Key words ed in the searching media in the form and notations selected by the subject

418 SPECIAL LIBRARIES matter specialist may be organized in a does not contain terms such as chemical manner useful immediately as an ab- elements, whose encoding, because of stract. In addition to providing a sum- the absence of semantic problems, may mary of the subject matter, the ab- be carried through in a routine manner stracts present the results of analysis in when required. a form which is convenient for the preparation of conventional classifica- Methods of Study tion systems, alphabetized indexes, etc. The terms in the various portions of The abstracts are so ordered that the ASM-SLA metallurgical classifica- encoding procedures will enable them cation were entered on index cards, one to be searched by automatic equipment. term to a card. The link between the various search- Although most of the terms are single ing systems that may be used is the words, certain combinations of two or terminology used to characterize im- more words are treated as units.12 The portant aspects of subject matter. general rule to follow in deciding whether to consider a combination of Investigations of the Committee words as a unit or not is as follows: In examining the terminology used to If the definitions of the individual characterize important aspects of metal- words of a combination cannot be com- lurgical literature, the following sec- bined to give a reasonably accurate tions of the ASM-SLA Metallurgical Lit- definition of the special combination, erature Classification were considered : then the combination of words should 1. Processes and Properties Index 2. Materials Index be considered as one term. 3. Common-Variables Index An example of a combination of One classification of terminology that words being considered as a single term was omitted from this preliminary in- is: TORCHBRAZING. Of course, the term: vestigation was the Element Index. The BRAZINGis also an important aspect of problems of handling the terms in this subject matter and is also considered as index are relatively minor, particularly a separate term. because there are no semantic problems Three files were prepared: involved. 1. Alphabetized according to the term. The The objectives of this study were: card includes the semantic code as derived 1. To determine the extent to which the from code dictionary. A designation is added terminology used in the present classification to show from which portion of the ASM-SLA has been taken into account in the code dic- classification the term was taken. An example tionary of the mechanical indexing project at of a card from this file is reproduced here. Battelle. (Explanatory text has been added in italics.) 2. To analyze and to encode new terms found and to incorporate them into the code dic- ATOMIC WEIGHT (Term) tionary. 3. To establish procedures for acquiring new terms from cooperating organizations inter- CAP1 TAM0 ested in the metals field and for incorporating (Semantic code: these also into the code dictionary. CAP1 = physical property 4. To establish procedures for acquiring new TAMA = atom, atomic) terms and their meanings from cooperating organizations in fields other than metallurgy and to incorporate these into the code dic- tionary. PlOh (ASMSLA Classification) The semantic code dictionary consists of scientific as well as general technical This file would eventually form the basis terms with their codes. These codes con- for the English-to-code portion of the semantic tain elements which represent aspects code dictionary. of meaning of the terms that are im- 2. Alphabetized according to semantic code. The term and designation of ASM-SLA Classi- portant from the point of view of fication are also included. An example from searching." The dictionary, in general, this file is:

DECEMBER, 1954 6. In order to expand the terminology-collect- CAP1 TAM0 (Semantic Code) ing phase to fields of interest other than metal- lurgy, contacts have been established with librarians in the fields of automotive engineer- ing and ordnance. Further contacts in these (Terms) (1) Atomic structure M25 and other fields will be actively solicited in (2) Atom weight PlOh the near future. ( ASM-SLA Classifi- References cation) 1 American Society for Metals. ASMSLA Metallurgical Lite ra t ure Classification. 1950. This file would eventually form the basis 2 Ibid. ASM-SLA Metallurgical Literature for the code-to-English semantic code dic- Classification, Part I. See also: tionary. BIUNNO,V. P. Searching Legal Literature 3. Arranged in the order of the ASM-SLA -An Appraisal of New Methods. Law Classification system. Also included are the Library Journal, 46: 110-119, May 1953. terms with its semantic codes. An example is: PERRY, J. W. Information Analysis for Machine Searching. American Documenta- L17 (ASM-SLA Classification) tion, l: 133-139, August, 1950. 3 Metals Section, Special Libraries Associa- tion. Agenda for First Meeting of Litera- (Term) Electroplating ture Classification Committee. Unpub- lished memorandum, June 1952. COVE LECE META Staff Reports. New Tools for the Resur- (Semantic code : rection of Knowledge. Chemical Engineer- COVE = cover, protect ing News, 32:866-869, March 1954. LECE electrical = 5 Cox, G. J., BAILEY,C. F. and CASEY,R. S. META = metal) Punched Cards for Chemical Bibliogra- I I phy. Chemical Engineering News, 23: 1623-26, September 25, 1945. This file would eventually form the basis for converting a hand-sorted, punched-card 6 PERRY,J. W., KENT, A. and BERRY,M. M. system into a mechanized one. Machine Literature Searching. I. A Gen- eral Approach. American Documentation, Future Work 5: 18-22, January 1954. The following portions of the project 7 Ibid. Machine Literature Searching. VI. remain to be completed: Class Definition and Code Construction. American Documentation, 5 :238-244, OC- 1. The applicability of the codes assigned to tober 1954. the metallurgical terms are to be evaluated. 8 BERRY,M. M., PERRY,J. W. and KENT, A. This will be done in two stages. The first Machine Literature Searching. IV. Col- evaluation is qualitative and is determined lection of Terminology. American Docu- from the meaning of the semantic codes as- mentation, 5:95-100, April 1954. asigned to the terms. The second evaluation will be more quantitative in nature and can 9 KENT, A., PERRY,J. W. and BERRY,M. M. be accomplished during test literature searches Definition and Systematization of Termi- employing the semantic codes to determine nology for Code Development. American the "resolving power" of the various elements Documentation, 5: 166-173, April 1954. of the codes. 10 BERRY,M. M. and JENKINS,P. A Punched- 2. Preliminary lists will be compiled for terms Card Index to a File of Documentation used exclusively in the field of metallurgy to References. Paper presented at the 125th provide a basis for their eventual encoding. Meeting of the American Chemical So- 3. Supplementary lists will be compiled of ciety, Kansas City, Missouri, March 23- terms whose metallurgical connotations will April 1, 1954. require the establishment of special codes for 11 KENT, A., BERRY,M. M. and PERRY,J. W. use in metallurgy. Systematization of Terminology. Paper 4. As the new mechanized searching system presented at the 123rd Meeting of the develops at Battelle, the possibility of inter- American Chemical Society, Los Angeles, changing processed literature between man- California, March 17, 1953. ual and mechanized systems will be investi- 12 KENT, A., PERRY,J. W. and BERRY,M. M. gated. Machine Literature Searching. V. Defini- 5. Studies of the applicability of semantic tion and Systematization of Terminology codes to non-mechanized systems will be for Code Development. American Docu- undertaken. mentation, 5: 166-173, August 1954.

SPECIAL LIBRARIES William S. Budington, Associafe Librarian, The John Crerar Library, Chicago; Mrs. Margaret H. Fuller, Librarian, American Iron and Steel Institute, New York City; Mrs. Marjorie 0. Baker, Librarian, Baker & Company, Inc., Newark, New Jersey; Lois W. Brock, Research Librarian, The General Tire & Rubber Company, Akron, Ohio.

SLA METALS DIVISION MEETS IN CHICAGO

The sixth annual SLA exhibit at the National Metal Exposition and Congress of the American Society for Metals proved once more its popular appeal for the thousands who attended the exposition held at the International Amphitheater in Chicago, November 1-5, 1954. Industrialists, scientists and researchers showed particular interest in the various bibliographies pre- pared by members of the Metals Division. Over twelve hundred copies were requested and distributed. The exhibit featured also a display of recent reference books. Library reference service was available to registrants. There were many queries for information pertaining to the small metallurgical library, its organization, its maintenance and its functions. By popular demand, the scheduled program of the Metals Division Fall Meeting at the Conrad Hilton Hotel, November 3-5, 1954, included a session devoted to discussion on the small metallurgical library. Mrs. Margaret H. Fuller, chairman of the SLA Metals Division, and librarian of American Iron and Steel Institute, presided. Three papers were presented: Hom to Start a Small Me~allurgical Library, By Marjorie 0. Baker, librarian, Baker & Company, Inc.; The Paradoxical Trade Catalog, by William S. Budington, associate librarian, The John Crerar Library; and Har~dliiag Patents in a Small Technical Librnry. by Lois W. Brock, research librarian, The General Tire & Rubber Company. Elsie Ray, librarian of Anaconda Copper Mining Company, presided at the session on Economics and h\arketing in the Metallurgical Field. Two papers were presented: The importance of Libraries in Mnrkrt Research, by Donald E. Stewart, manager, Data Section, Commercial Research Division, United States Steel Corporation; and Sources oj Information on the Nonjerrous Metals, by Irving Lipkowitz, assistant to the president of Reynolds Metals Company. An eight-page bibliography compiled by Marian Thompson, librarian, Commercial Research Division, United States Steel Corporation, was included in Mr. Stewart's paper. The SLA Illinois Chapter took an active part in handling arrangements for the three-day meeting sponsored by the Metals Division, and it assisted also in the preparation and servicing of the SLA booth. The Chapter extended its hospitality at a dinner meeting, November 3, at the Chicago Bar Asso- ciation. Jo Ann Aufdenkamp, president of the Illinois Chapter, and librarian of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, greeted the visitors and introduced the featured speaker, Walter A. Southern, librarian of Abboft Laboratories. Mr. Southern reviewed his recent experiences in Great Britain where he spent a year on a Fulbright scholarship. The Fall Meeting opened with an all-day program at the John Crerar Library. Herman H. Henkle, librarian, discussed general po:icies and the Crerar Library program. Library staff members participated in a discussion of the library's services. A field trip marked ?he close of the scheduled program. Inland Steel Company served as host and guide to SLA members who visited the Indiana Harbor Works and the Woodmar Research Laboratory and its new library. Visitors were privileged to see a steel plant in full operation. James W. Halley, assistant superintendent, Research and Development, Inland Steel Company, discussed Research in the Steel 1n- dustry, and a film on The Making of Iron and Steel was presented with commentary by J. de Navarre Macomb of the Inland Steel Company's public Relations Department in Chicago.

DECEMBER, 1954 AD1 ANNUAL MEETING

The Annual Meeting of the American Docu- Cleveland by Dr. John S. Millis, president, mentation Institute for 1954 was held in Western Reserve University and Dean Elmer Cleveland, Ohio on November 4-5, 1954. Ap- Hutchisson, dean of the faculty, Case Institute proximately four hundred registrants attended. of Technology. After the dinner, the first Registrations included not only people from AD1 Annual Award was presented in absentia Cleveland but people from other parts of the to Dr. Atherton Seidell, an AD1 founder. The United States and Canada. guest speaker for the evening was Dr. Henri Polak, scientific attach6 of the Netherlands Eugene B. Power, served as chairman of the Embassy, who spoke on Machine Documenta- Program Committee, assisted by Scott Adams, tion in Europe and illustrated the different Robert Bray and Staffan Rosenborg. The systems with slides. Local Committee on Arrangements, under the chairmanship of Helen M. Focke, included Business Meeting Mary Frances Pinches, Mrs. Marjorie R. Hyslop, Milton Wright and Elizabeth Barrett. The Friday morning session was devoted to twelve papers contributed by members and This was the first meeting held away from by sponsored nonmembers. Washington, D. C. and featured for the first time, papers volunteered or sponsored by At the Annual Business Meeting the follow- members, rather than a program of solicited ing decisions were reached: papers. 1. To accept the new Constitution and By- The General Session, Thursday morning, Laws as revised with a few minor changes by was opened by a welcoming speech from the the Council. President of the American Documentation In- 2. To affiliate with the American Association stitute, Dr. Milton 0. Lee. Dr. Lee, in the for the Advancement of Science. absence of Mr. Power, presided and introduced the speakers: Samuel A. Alexander, U. S. 3. To appoint the Editor as Business Manager National Bureau of Standards, spoke on Com- also of American Documentation. puting Machines and Documentation; Elliott Officers elected for 1955 are: President- Crooks, Hogan Laboratories, discusssed Fac- Elect: Joseph Hilsenrath, U. S. Bureau of simile Systems as Aids to Research; and Elmer Standards; Treasurer: Harold Oatfield, Charles Sharp, NACA Lewis Flight Propulsion Lab- Pfizer & Company; Council Members: Helen oratory, ended the session with a talk on L. Brownson, National Science Foundation; Experiences with Automatic Digital Data Pro- Kenneth H. Fagerhaugh, Carnegie Institute of cessing. Technology; Karl F. Heumam, National Re- Mr. A. A. Goldman, chairman of the Copy- search Council; Lachlan F. MacRae, Defense right Office, Library of Congress, opened the Research Board, Ottawa, Canada. afternoon session with a paper entitled The At the general luncheon, David Stevens, Photoduplication of Copyright Material. The Rockefeller Foundation, spoke on The Role of paper proved to be of considerable interest to the Foundation in Documentation. the audience and a debate ensued. Scott Adams presided over the Friday after- Round-Table Sessions noon General Sessions. Three papers were presented : Immediately after Mr. Goldman's paper the following Round-Table Sessions met simul- 1. Application of the Kodak Minicard System taneously: to the Problems of Documentation, by J. W. Kuipers, Eastman Kodak Company. I. Problems of Technical Writing, Robert T. Hamlett, Sperry Gyroscope Company, pre- 2. Implications of Xerography in Documenta- siding. tion by George Mott, Haloid Corporation. 3. The FID Meeting in Yugoslavia, 1954 by 11. Classification, its Importance, Recent Ad- Douglas Bryant, Harvard College Library. vams and Trends, James W. Perry, Battelle Simultaneously with this session there was a Memorial Institute, presiding. Technical Writers and Editors Round-Table 111. A Program for Enriching American Library Meeting. Resources, Lester K. Born, Library of Con- gress, presiding. The new President, Scott Adams, closed the 1954 Annual Meeting with a request for sug- These Round-Table Sessions included dis- gestions from the members for a location for cussions on fourteen listed topics. the 1955 meeting. At the banquet, which was held Thursday HELEN M. FRESKO,Secretary evening, the conferees were welcomed to American Documentation Instifute

SPECIAL LIBRARIES Chapter Highlights

Colorado cussion on the various aspects to consider in evaluating library services. Future sessions The Columbine Chapter now numbers over will include discussion on the selection and seventy members headed by Louis Schultheiss, maintenance of holdings; specific services fre- chief circulation librarian, Mary Reed Library, quently performed in special libraries in addi- University of Denver, as president. tion to the more conventional services obtain- A dinner meeting honoring SLA President ing in libraries generally; and, techniques in Gretchen D. Little was held November 12 at determining the effectiveness of library service the Albany Hotel in Denver. as well as a consideration of the most effective Plans have been announced for the Annual use of statistics. Bosses' Dinner, January 21, 1955, at the Olin In addition, Program Chairman Paul E. Hotel. James R. McCabe, chief of Current Postell has planned a meeting in February to Records Division, General Services Adminis- be held jointly with the Oak Ridge Technical tration, Denver Federal Center, will be the Writers Association for the purpose of ex- guest speaker. Mr. McCabe will discuss work ploring the "areas of cooperation between the simplification with particular application to technical editor and the librarian in the office procedures and records. preparation of technical reports." The November issue of The Columbine, A union catalog of technical books in Oak edited jointly by Kaye Mayer and Katherine Ridge libraries is now in preparation under Howard, notes the removal of the photographic the chairmanship of Louise Markel. collection of the United States Geological Dr. Simone Schwind, editor, announces the Survey from Washington to Denver Federal Chapter's publications schedule for issuing Center. It is now operating as a unit of the bulletins: Particles, in November 1954 and Geological Survey Library. Over 100,000 March 1955; Radiations, a cumulative issue. prints and negatives taken during the past to appear in June 1955. The first issue of seventy-five years by Survey geologists are Radiations, edited by Martha Anderson, ap- included in the collection. These prints have peared last June. been widely used to illustrate various texts Chapter President Evelyn Levine in her and articles in newspapers and encyclopedias. opening message in the first issue of Particles Prints are available on request at low cost. pays tribute to the late Jack C. Morris, first president of the Oak Ridge Chapter, whose untimely death occurred in September. Illinois Miss Levine in her president's message also The Illinois Chapter Informant, November emphasized the need for individual and collec- 1954, notes unanimous action taken at the tive action in furthering the professional status meeting, November 3, extending an invitation of the Association and the library profession. to hold the Forty-ninth Annual Convention * * * of Special Libraries Association in 1958, in Texas Chicago. President Martha Marshall, Baytown Tech- The meeting was held jointly with SLA nical Library, Humble Oil & Refining Com- Metals Division members as a feature of the pany, has appointed Charles Zenvekh, Jr. as special three-day program held concurrently chairman of the Committee on Constitution with the National Metal Exposition and Con- and By-Laws to consider proposed revisions. gress. A successful exhibit, the result of close Effie N. Birdwell is compiling the Chapter cooperation between chapter and division, was Manual. Miss Birdwell has requested former shown at the Chicago International Amphi- officers and committee members to prepare theater. statements reviewing their official duties and Another exhibit booth, sponsored and ser- functions in the past. viced by members of the SLA Science-Tech- The first meeting of the 1954-55 season took nology Division in Chicago was featured at place at the Dow Chemical Company's Re- the Eighth National Chemical Exposition at search Center in Freeport, Tex., September 25. the Chicago Coliseum, October 12-15. Dr. E. R. Wright, director of the company's central laboratory in Freeport spoke on "What Management Expects of the Company Libra- ry." Dr. F. L. Taylor, director of the com- Oak Ridge pany's chemical library in Midland, Michigan, The Oak Ridge Chapter has planned four discussed "The Functions of a Large Industrial meetings to be devoted to the "Evaluation of Library." The third distinguished speaker on Library Services." William Jesse, director of the program was Dr. D. L. Shukar, consultant, libraries at the University of Tennessee, Psychological Service Institute, Houston, who opened the series November 23, with a dis- spoke on "Understanding Human Behavior."

DECEMBER, 1954 Have you heard . . .

Drexel Scholarships Receives Company Award Three full tuition scholarships are being Alberta L. Brown, librarian of the Upjohn offered at the Drexel School of Library Science Company, is one of the 1954 William E. for the academic year 1955-56. These are Upjohn Award winners. Sixteen years ago available to students matriculating in the full- the first prizes were awarded according to a time course leading to the Master's degree. provision in the founder's will. The prize Applicants must be American citizens, who consists of a cash award accompanied by a give evidence of high academic records at ap- bronze plaque bearing the likeness of Dr. proved colleges or universities, and who have William E. Upjohn, founder of The Upjohn need for financial aid. Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan. Applicants should apply to the Dean of the The prizes are awarded annually for special School of Library Science, Drexel Institute of accomplishments to those employees who have Technology, 32nd and Chestnut Streets, Phila- contributed to the stability of the business by delphia 4, Pennsylvania before April 1, 1955. more than routine services. Scholarship information for foreign students will also be obtainable from the Dean. Philatelic Subject Headings Florida Assistantships A list of "Subject Headings for Philatelic The University of Florida Libraries is Libraries" has been compiled by Daniel W. offering three graduate assistantships in the Vooys, editor of Philatelic Literature Review, academic year 1955-1956 for study leading to official journal of the Philatelic Library Asso- a master or doctoral degree in a subject field ciation. other than library science. Graduate assistants The list, together with an introduction by work approximately fifteen hours per week in Mr. Vooys, appears in a recent issue of the library, assisting in bibliographical re- Philatelic Literature Review, vol. 54, no. 4, search or library administration. 1954, pages 62-73. The issue is available at Stipend is $1,200 for a nine-month period 25 cents a copy from the editor, P. 0. Box and holders of assistantships are exempt from 300, Canajoharie, New York. out-of-state tuition fees. The deadline for filing formal application is March 31, 1955. International Affairs Inquiries are invited, especially from libra- The Combined Book Exhibit presented an rians or students in library schools who are International Affairs Book Fair, November interested in advanced work in subject fields. 15-20, 1954 at the Carnegie Endowment In- Applications should be made to: Director of ternational Center. Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, An attractive showing of more than two Florida. thousand recent books on world affairs offered Librarians Needed wide subject coverage of current international problems. The United States Civil Service Commission The comprehensive collection was selected announces that there is still a need for libra- from the catalogs of more than one hundred rians in various Federal agencies in Washing- publishers, including The United Nations, ton, D. C., and vicinity, for positions paying Institutes of World Affairs, the university from $3,410 to $7,040 a year. presses, and outstanding American publishing Applicants are required to take a written houses. test and must have completed (a) a full four- A special catalog prepared for the exhibit year college course which included at least by Thomas J. McLaughlin, director of the thirty semester hours of study in library sci- Combined Book Exhibit, may be obtained on ence; or (b) four years of progressive experi- request by writing to Mr. Lee Ash, Librarian, ence in library work; or (c) one full year of Carnegie Endowment International Center, professional library training in a library school United Nations Plaza at 46th Street, New plus three years of college study or three years York City. of progressive experience in library work. In * * * addition, for positions paying $4,205 and up, applicants must have had experience in pro- Bibliographic Service fessional library work. The Bibliographical Center for Research, Further information and application forms Rocky Mountain Region (Denver Public Li- may be obtained at many post offices through- brary, Denver 2, Colorado) offers bibliogra- out the country, or from the U. S. Civil phical aid to special libraries with special Service Commission, Washington 25, D. C. problems. Applications will be accepted by the Commis- The Bibliographic Center for Research will sion in Washington until further notice. locate materials available in over fifty libra-

424 SPECIAL LIBRARIES ries in the Rocky Mountain and Chicago Hawaii Elects Officers areas, with nationwide coverage through- cir- -member, Mrs. Jean Stevens, of the cularization. Interlibrary loans are available Hawaiian Pineapple Company library, heads throughout the United States and Canada. A the list of 1954-55 officers of the Hawaii fifteen-language translation service is offered at Library Association, replacing Virginia Crozier reasonable rates. Orders may be placed for (also of SLA). microfilm and photostat reproductions. Spe- Another SLA member, Mrs. Jean L. Debagh, cial and rush orders are expedited through tele- HSPA Experiment Station library, serves as type communication covering North America. vice-president. Mrs. Dorothy McAlister of Membership cost information will be sent the University of Hawaii library is the new on request. treasurer, and Irmgard Hormann, Library of + 0. Hawaii, serves as secretary. Management Reference List Microtext Publisher Methods and Problems of Delegation, a The University of Rochester micropublica- four-page list of books, pamphlets and articles tion service established in 1953 and known as published in this country and abroad and the University of Rochester Press, has issued bearing on organizational and executive action a new fall catalog listing about one hundred for effective administration, may be obtained titles now available in opaque microtext. (Cur- from the Industrial Relations Section, Prince- rent emphasis is on out-of-print books and ton University, Princeton, New Jersey. The unpublished research materials in the fields list is No. 59 (September 1954) in the series of medicine and music.) The catalog includes of Selected References. Copies are twenty material in the field of library science, a cents each. * * * special series of twenty-four titles published for the Association of College and Reference Management Workshop Libraries, and eleven monographs covering "Human Relations" will be the theme of Canadian history, economics, government, ge- the 1955 Utility Management Workshop, the ology and geography. unique executive development and training Microtext publishing involves a photo- conference to be held by the Columbia Uni- graphic process which reproduces as many as versity Department of Industrial and Man- fifty pages of an average book on a three-by- agement Engineering, May 15-27, 1955, at five-inch card. To be read, the cards must be Arden House, Harriman, New York. placed in microcard reading machines which Approximately forty specially selected top- enlarge the reading matter to legible size. management executives will live together and John R. Russell, librarian, University of work together to solve problems posed by the Rochester, is chairman of the University of University staff and a corps of visiting ex- Rochester Press which limits its publication perts. The industry participants will work to microtext only. This policy was established in small "task force" groups applying their in an attempt to solve certain universal library own experience and knowledge to the prob- and research problems such as saving space lems set forth. and obtaining materials that are ordinarily The Workshop is under the direction of unavailable due to high costs or scarcity. Professor Robert Teviot Livingston, author of The Engineering of Organization and Man- NMA Proceedings agement, and director of education and com- Proceedings of the Third Annual Meeting mercial research of The Long Island Lighting of the National Microfilm Association held at Company. Participation in the Workshop is Cleveland, Ohio, April 1-2, 1954 are now open to nominees from private utility, airline, available. railroad and transportation companies. The 125-page volume contains well illus- * * * strated articles by recognized authorities on In- Bibliography Publisher dustrial Microfilming Procedures, New Photo- Societas Bibliographica, established recently stat Apparatus to Enlarge and Process from in Geneva, will publish such important works Microfilm, Microprint Documents in Business as cannot be handled in the ordinary commer- and Industry, An Updated Look at Micro- cial market. filming, Microfilm Enlarging Via Xerography, Theodore Besterman who heads this enter- A New Approach to Some Microfilm Problems prise will issue shortly under the imprint of and other material. Societas Bibliographica the third edition of A limited number of copies are available Mr. Besteman's World Bibliography of Bibli- at $3.00 per copy postpaid. Orders accom- ographies. panied by remittance should be sent to The The editorial address of the Societas Bibli- National Microfilm Association, 19 Lafayette ographica is 25 rue des DBlices, Geneva, Avenue, Hingham, Massachusetts, and will be Switzerland; the business address, 8 rue filled in order of receipt so long as the supply Verdaine, Geneva. lasts.

DECEMBER, 1954 425 SLA Members in Print SLA Authors In Print Announcement of the election of Mrs. Vera BARNARD,A. J., coauthor: Chemical purity Halloran and Arax Odabashian as chairman -keystone of technological progress. Indus- and secretary, respectively, of the New York trial Laboratories, vol. 5, no. 11, November Council of Advertising Agency Librarians ap- 1954, p. 6-10. peared in the New York Herald Tribune, Oc- tober 21, 1954. BETTS, ROBERTE.: Texas engineers library. Mrs. Halloran, librarian for J. M. Mathes, Library Journal, vol. 79, no. 20, November Inc., and Miss Odabashian, librarian for Cecil 15, 1954, p. 2145-2148. & Presbrey, Inc., are members of SLA's New *** York Chapter. CAMPION, ELEANOR ESTE: Philadelphia bibliographical center and union catalogue. The Catholic Library World, vol. 26, no. 2, The October 1954 issue of Imperial Oil November 1954, p. 43-47. Review (Canada) carries an illustrated ar- * * * ticle, "Ask Miss Miller," describing the work GERLACH,ARCH C.: Marketing maps, their of Clara G. Miller as librarian of the Public sources and uses. Advances in Chemistry Relations Department of Imperial Oil Limited Series, no. 10, 1954, p. 100-106. in Toronto, Canada. * * * Miss Miller, a member of SLA's Toronto Chapter, is the sole Canadian member of GRUBB,CELIANNA: HOW to reduce catalog- the Executive Board of Special Libraries ing costs. American Documentation, vol. 5, no. Association. 3, August 1954, p. 146-154. * * * HARPER, SHIRLEYF.: The Universal deci- Ernest F. Spitzer, librarian for Charles mal classification. American Documentation, Pfizer & Company in Brooklyn, New York, is a vol. 5, no. 4, October 1954, p. 195-213. contributor to the Chemical Business Hand- * * * book edited by John H. Perry (McGraw-Hill, MANLEY,MARIAN C.: Fifty years of busi- 1954) and described in the August 14, 1954 ness library service. Library Journal, vol. 79, issue of Chemical Week. no. 20, November 15, 1954, p. 2133-2138. Mr. Spitzer, a member of SLA's New York *** Chapter, compiled with the late editor a table NEUMAN,RICHARD: Business library service on the "Reference Index to Chemical and moves South. Library Journal, vol. 79, no. 20, Related Market Research Data," which ap- November 15, 1954, p.2143-2145. pears on pages 208-237 in the Handbook. *** ORNSEN,KATE C.: The Petroleum chemist's vernacular. American Documentation, vol. 5, Dr. Arch C. Gerlach, chief, Map Division, no. 4, October 1954, p. 218-222. Library of Congress, summarizes in the LC Information Bulletin, October 11, 1954, the agreements and actions taken September 9-11 RANDALL,G. E.: Practicality of coordinate at the meeting in London of the Commission indexing. College and Research Libraries, vol. on the Classification of Geographic and Carto- 15, no. 4, October 1954, p. 417-419. graphic Publications. Dr. Gerlach was sent to London by the International Geographic RICHTER, ANNE J. and GOFF, MARIE S., Union as the United States member of the compilers: Publishers and policies. Library Commission. Journal, vol. 79, no. 20, November 15, 1954, p. 2149-2152. * * * "One of the most complete collections of SPITZER,ERNEST F.: The French chemical chemical literature in the world," the library literature and its use. Advances in Chemistry of the Chemists' Club in New York, is de- Series, no. 10, 1954, p. 487-493. scribed in a feature article, "Money in the *** Bank," published in Chemical Week, Septem- TAUBE, MORTIMER: Comments on "Practi- ber 25, 1954. The title indicates the chemical cality of Coordinate Indexing" (G. E. Ran- industry's evaluation of the library service dall). College and Research Libraries, vol. 15, provided by Librarian Anne D. Duca and her no. 4, October 1954, p. 419-420. staff. A description of the library's holdings, its special files and its services, and photographs TEMPLE, PHILLIPS: Copyright achievement. of Dr. Duca and of library staff members are The Catholic Library World, vol. 26, no. 2, included. November 1954, p. 39-42.

SPECIAL LIBRARIES Bibliographies Obituaries Leadership and Executive Developmeiit: A RGFHA. BEALS,director of the New York Bibliography, Industrial Relations Center Bul- Public Library, died on October 14, 1954. Mr. letins, No. 14, lists 417 entries under six sub- Beals' innovations in library administration ject headings: criteria of leadership, character- were based on modem business methods as istics of leaders, executive jobs, selection of adapted for use in the financial, personnel and executives, training and development of execu- community affairs of the library. A career in tives, and summaries of the literature. The the field of education and experience in writ- sixty-page bibliography is based on an exten- ing, editing and administrative research pre- sive literature search. Most of the listings ceded his work as a professional librarian. refer to articles in journals. The bibliography A member of SLA's New York Chapter, Mr. was prepared by Harland Fox, Scott D. Beals took part in the official opening of Walton, Wayne F. Kirchner and Thomas A. SLA's convention in New York in 1952. Mahoney. Copies are available at $1.50 each from the University of Minnesota Press, Min- neapolis, Minnesota. *** SAMUELWHI~TEMORE BOGGS, librarian with A Guide to Selected Readings in Records the U. S. Department of State, died in Sep- Management has just been issued by the Tech- tember 1954. nical Information Service of the National Mr. Boggs, joint author of the SLA publi- Records Management Council, Inc., (50 East cation, The Classification and Cataloging of 42nd Street, New York 17). Maps and Atlases (1954), was a member of The Council is the research, educational, SLA's Washington, D. C. Chapter. advisory and installation service in records management. It is non-profit and was estab- lished in 1948 with the aid of a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation. ALICE J. HAINES,for thirty-seven years the The bibliography covers the entire field of supervising Government documents librarian paperwork control. Copies of the 28-page at The California State Library, died on Sep- guide may be purchased from the Council at tember 17, 1954. $2.85 per copy. rrr Miss Haines was a member of SLA's San Francisco Bay Region Chapter. The Worker in American Fiction: An Anno- tated Bibliography (Bibliographic , Contribu- tions, No. 4, issued by the Institute of Labor and Industrial Relations, University of Illi- JACK C. MORRIS, librarian for the Oak nois), lists 150 selected labor novels published Ridge National Library in Oak Ride, Tennes- between 1814 and 1953 which present fictional see, died on September 23, 1954. treatment of the worker and his problems in Mr. Morris, a former member of SLA's industrial America. Cincinnati Chapter, was the first president of Virginia Prestridge, who has compiled the the recently formed SLA Oak Ridge Chapter. bibliography, describes the scope and the basis for selection in an excellent introduction. The entries are listed chronologically and author, title and subject indexes are included. MRS. BERNA CARLSONTRICKETT, librarian Copies are available at one dollar each from at the Golden Gate College in San Francisco, the Institute of Labor and Industrial Relations, California, died on October 9, 1954. University of Illinois, 704 South Sixth Street, Mrs. Trickett was an active member of the Champaign, Illinois. San Francisco Bay Region Chapter. Among * * * other offices, she served 9s the Chapter's presi- Articles on American Literature, 1900-1950, dent in 1950-51. compiled by Lewis Leary, is a revision and extension of the compilation published in 1947, Articles on American Literature Appear- ing in Current Periodicals, 1920-1945. MRS. ALICE HUDSON WI~R,former This comprehensive bibliography includes chief of the Acquisitions Section, U. S. De- primarily an alphabetical listing by author, partment of Agriculture Library, died on with entries under each also listed in alpha- September 16, 1954. betical order by the contributor's name, fol- Mrs. Wittwer, who had been associated lowed by title and source. References listed with various U. S. Department of Agriculture include reviews and review articles of im- libraries since 1924, was an active member of portance. A broad subject listing is given. SLA's Washington, D. C. Chapter. Her last The 437-page bound volume published by office in the chapter was that of treasurer for Duke University Press is available at $7.50. the Science-Technology Group in 1953-1954.

DECEMBER, 1954 Off the Press . . .

ADVEK~ISERS'ANNUAL-1955 NUMBER.Edited FIFTY YEARS OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE. by Eldridge Peterson. New York: Printers' Some Administrative Experiences of U. S. Ink, 1954. 516p. Paper, $2.50. Voluntary Agencies. By Edwin A. Bock. New statistical and editorial material appears Chicago: Public Administration Clearing in the sxond edition of this useful reference House (1313 East 60th Street) 1954. 6sp. tool for advertising and marketing informa- $1.50. tion. Basic information brought up to date. GEORGIA.A Guide to Its Towns and Country- THE AIRCRAFT RECOGNITIONMANUAL. By s:de. (American Guide Series) Edited by C. H. Gibbs-Smith. 2nd ed. rev. London: Putnam (John de Graff, New York) 1954. George G. Leckie. 2nd ed. rev. Atlanta, Ga.: Tupper & Love, 1954. 457p. $6. 239p. 52.50. A revision of the original WPA volume pub- Text and illustrations provide basic informa- lished in 1940 and brought up to date. tion for aircraft recognition. THE APPLICATIONOF RESULTSOF RESEARCH. HANDBOOKOF GRAPHIC PRESENTATION.By Compiled and edited by Vera Connell in Calvin F. Schmid, New York: Ronald Press, collaboration with the British Common- 1954. 316p. $6. wealth Scientific Offices. New York: Aca- How to present statistical data by means of demic Press, 1954. 212p. $5. charts and graphs. Methods used in the British Commonwealth to publicize and employ the results of scientific How TO ATTENDA CONFERENCE.HOW to Get advances in industry. Includes some informa- More Out of All Kinds of Conferences. By tion on measures taken in the United States. Dorothea F. Sullivan. New York: Associa- tion Press, 1954. 61p. $1. BASIC STATISTICSOF FOODAND AGRICULTURE. Paris: Organization for European Economic MODERNCHEMICAL DISCOVERIES. By Richard Cooperation (OEECMission, 2002 P Street, Clements. New York: Dutton, 1954. 290p. N.W., Washington 6, D. C.) 1954. 121p. $5. Paper, $1.50. Authoritative and readable account by a Tables cover member countries, U. S. and British science journalist. Extensive discussion Canada. European production viewed against on industrial uses of atomic energy. Illustrated background of world production. French and by drawings and photographs. English text. OUR NEIGHBORWORLDS. By V. A. Firaoff. CHECKLISTS OF SALESESSENTIALS. 139 Lists New York: Philosophical Library, 1954. Embracing More Than 2300 Points. Com- 336p. $6. piled by Printers' Ink, 1954. 238p. $4.95. A survey of the solar system in which the Aids in' selling and sales management selected author investigates possibilities of interplane- in part from past issues of Printers' Ink. tary travel. Explanation of mathematical terms CONSUMERBEHAVIOR. The Dynamics of Con- appears in the appendix. Illustrated. sumer Reaction. Edited by Lincoln H. Clark. New York: New York University STATISTICSOF NATIONALPRODUCT AND EX- Press, 1954. 128p. $4. PENDITURE, 1938, 1947 TO 1952. Paris: Or- The first publication of the Committee for ganization for European Economic Coopera- Research on Consumer Attitudes and Be- tion, 1954. 317p. Paper, $2. havior. Exploratory studies on a variety of First complete survey of the OEEC member problems connected with consumer decision countries, U. S. and Canada. Includes data on national production, imports and exports, pub- and choice. lic and private consumption. Statistical tables THE DEAF AND THEIR PROBLEMS.A Study in compare economic developments of member Special Education. By Kenneth W. Hodg- nations. son. New York: Philosophical Library, 1954. 364p. $6. THE TELEVISIONCOMMERCIAL. HOW to Create An introductory volume for those planning to and Produce Effective TV Advertising. By teach or work with the deaf. Harry Wayne McMahan. New York: Haot- ings House, 1954. 175p. $5. ELEMENTS OF MATHEMATICSFOR RADIO, TELEVISIONAND ELECTRONICS.By Bernhard TOXIC SOLVENTS.By Ethel Browning. Lon- Fischer and Herbert Jambs. New York: don: Edward Arnold (available from St. Macmillan, 1954. 569p. $7.20. Martin's Press, New York) 1953. 168p. $4. ELEMENTS OF STATISTICS. By H. C. Fryer. Reviews the properties of toxic solvents and New York: John Wiley, 1954. 262p. $4.75. describes necessary precautions to be taken Application of statistics as a research tool. against them.

SPECIAL LIBRARIES Books for Gift Giving Books listed here have been selected from publications received recently. Check the titles for Christmas gift giving.

AMERICANAUTOMOBILE ALBUM. By William CORNERSTONESOF CONFEDERATECOLLECTING. H. McGaughey. New York: Dutton, 1954. By Richard Barksdale Hanvell. 2nd ed. 224p. $6. Charlottesville: The University of Virginia Photographs and lively text present a half Press, 1953. 35p. $2.50. century of American motoring. A discussion of twenty titles considered basic to a collection of Confederate literature. ART AND INDUSTRY.The Principles of Indus- trial Design. By Herbert Read. New York: THE FOURGOSPELS. Translated from the Horizon Press, 1954. 239p. $6. Greek by E. V. Rieu. Baltimore: Penguin The first American edition of this English Books, 1953. 250p. Cloth, $1.95. work which is a classic in its field. Revised, Includes an introductory essay in which the brought up to date, with new material on translator compares the Elizabethan English American production. Over 100 photographs of the Authorized Version with the original. illustrate the text. GUN COLLECTORS'GUIDE (Old Guns for Pro- fit). The Complete Guide to Antique Gun ART OF ASIA. By Helen Rubissow. New York: Collecting. By Martin Rywell. Harriman, Philosophical Library, 1954. 237p. $6. Tennessee: Pioneer Press, 1954. 128p. A survey of the art of each of the Asian Paper, $1.50. countries from earliest times to the present. Includes historical and biographical material; Illustrated. also a dictionary of firearm terms. THE ART OF PRIMITIVEPEOPLES. By J. T. HOLIDAYFLOWER ARRANGEMENTS. Edited by Hooper and C. A. Burland. New York: Emma H. Cyphers. New York: Hearthside Philosophical Library, 1954. 168p. $7.50. Press, 1954. 127p. $2.95. A practical guide on floral decorations for THE ART OF WOODTURNING.By William W. holidays and other occasions. Text is illus- Klenke. Rev. ed. Peoria, Illinois: Chas. A. trated by 100 halftones. Bennett, 1954. 186p. $3.85. Instructions and projects in the art of wood- IDEALSOF LIFE. An Introduction to Ethics turning for the homecraftsman. Illustrated by and the Humanities with Readings. By drawings and photographs. Millard Spencer Everett. New York : John Wiley, 1954. 736p. $5. BEST SEA STORIESFROM BLUEBOOK.Edited by Horace Vondys. New York: McBride, IN EVERYCORNER SING. By Helen E. Pfat- 1954. 359p. $3.95. teicher. Philadelphia: Muhlenberg Press, A selection of fourteen stories which have 1954. 214p. $2.50. appeared in the Bluebook magazine. Introduction to Christian hymnody. Back- ground of both hymn writers and composers. BUILDINGAND AILING MODEL BOATS. By Walter A. Musciano. New York: McBride, THE NATURAL HOUSE. By Frank Lloyd 1954. 192p. $2.95. Wright. New York: Horizon Press, 1954. For beginners and experts by an outstanding 223p. $6.50. authority. Photographs and drawings. Photographs, plans and drawings of moderate cost houses, including detailed description of THE CATHOLICBOOKLIST 1954. Edited by the "Usonian Automatic," for owners who Sister Stella Maris, O.P. St. Catharine, want to build themselves. Kentucky: St. Catharine Junior College, OLD TESTAMENTSIN MODERNRESEARCH. By 1954. 73p. Paper, 75 cents. Herbert F. Hahn. Philadelphia: Muhlenberg An annotated bibliography, for the most part Press, 1954. 267p. $4. Catholic in authorship or subject matter, A study of modern trends in Bible studies. chosen as a guide to the recreational and in- structional reading of Catholics. 180 GAMES FOR ONE PLAYER.HOW to Play 180 Games of All Kinds; Outdoor and In- CHRISTMASMAKE-IT BOOK. By Barbara Baer. door; on Board, Table or Floor; with Pencil New York: Hearthside Press, 1954. 96p. and Paper or in the Head; from Bounce $1.98. Ball and One-man Fives to Cat's Cradle, Money-saving ideas for making decorations, Cryptographs and Carlton. Compiled by gifts and ornaments. Directions and illustra- J. B. Pick. New York: Philosophical Li- tions. brary, 1954. 137p. $3.75.

DECEMBER, 1954 THESTORY OF THE FBI. The Official Picture History of the Federal Bureau of Investi- gation. By the Editors of Look. Introduc- CALENDAR tion by J. Edgar Hoover. Rev. ed. New DECEMBER 27 - 29 Modern Language, Association of Amer. York: Dutton, 1954. 286p. $3.95. ica. New York City. Hotel Statler. 69th A history of the FBI written with the co- Annual Convention. operation of the Bureau. Over 300 photographs. JANUARY 7. 1955 SLA ~hiladel~hiaCouncil. 30th Street Station Building, Penna. R. R. Mr. J. K. Murphy, manager of Community Rela- SUN, SEA AND SKY. Weather in Our World tions, Penna. R. R.. soeaker. "The New and in Our Lives. By Irving P. Krick and Look in Public ~elations." Roscoe Fleming. Philadelphia: Lippincott, JANUARY 12 SLA Connecticut Valley Chapter. Hart- 1954. $3.95. ford. Marian E. Lucius, executive sec- A readable and authoritative account for the retary, SLA, speaker. layman. JANUARY 21 SLA Cdorado Chapter. Denver. Olin Hotel. Annual Bosses' Dinner. James R. McCabe, chief of Current Records Di- TIMECOUNTS. The Story of the Calendar. By vision, General Services Administration. Harold Watkins. New York: Philosophical Denver Federal Center, speaker. "Work Simplification." Library, 1954. 274p. $4.75. JANUARY 30 - FEBRUARY 5 Discusses the various campaigns for revision American Library Association. Chicago. of the Gregorian calendar. Lord Merthyr, Edgewater Beach Hotel. Midwinter Meeting. chairman of the British Advisory Council of JANUARY 31 the World Calendar Association, contributes SLA Pittsburgh Chapter. Science-Tech- the foreword. nology Group. Mellon Institute Audi- torium. Dr. Mortimer Taube, president, Documentation, Inc., speaker. Co- ordinate Indexing-A New Method for A TREASURYOF AMERICANBALLADS: GAY, an Old Prucess. NAUGHTY,AND CLASSIC. Edited by Charles FEBRUARY 4 O'Brien Kennedy. New York: McBride, SLA Philadelphia Council. Philadelphia. Drexel Institute. 1954. 398p. $4.75. FEBRUARY 8 A collection of familiar and forgotten ballads, SLA Washington, D. C. Chapter with Science-Technology and Geography and arranged chronologically with introductory Map Groups. Coolidge Auditorium. notes. FEBRUARY 21 SLA Pittsburgh Chapter. Royal York Apartment. James C. Smith, Postmaster. TREASURYOF PHILOSOPHY.Edited by Dago- Pittsburgh, speaker. "Postal Rates, Reg- ulations and Problems of Special Li- bert D. Runes. New York: Philosophical braries." Library, 1955. 1280p. $15. MARCH 3 - 5 Selections from 600 B.C. to the present. SLA Executive Board and Advisory Council Meeting. New Orleans. Jung Hotel. THEUNIVERSAL PENMAN. Engraved by George ... -..-.. . . SLA Philadelphia Council. Philadelphia. Bickham. Foreword by Philip Hofer. New Penn Sherwood Hotel. Dr. Raymond L. York: Dover. 212p. $8.50. Zwemer, chief, Science Division. Libra- ry of Congress, speaker. "Hidden Treas- A new facsimile edition on penmanship, flour- ures: The Little Known Resources of ishes and decorative borders reproduced from the Library of Congress."- a 1743 English edition. Contains the original MARCH 24 - 25 National Microfilm Association. Boston. 212 plates. Useful to art directors, typogra- Sheraton-Plaza Hotel. Fourth Annual phers and printers. May be reproduced with- Meeting. out permission or royalty payment.

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Please Mention Special Libraries When Answering Advertisements 430 SPECIAL LIBRARIES CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING Positions open and wanted-50 cents per line; minimum charge $1.50. Copy must be received by 5th of month preceding month of publication. Address Executive Secretary, Special Libraries Association, 31 E. 10 St., New York 3, N. Y.

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Please Mention Special Libraries When Answering Advertisements DECEMBER, 1954 43 1 NEW! South American Handbook: 1954-1955 Edited by Howell Davies - $2.50 postpaid - 8 full color, full page maps - 822 pages This new handbook is for quick research on South American travel, business, agriculture, history, shipping, and dozens of other topics. It is right up to date with a 13 page index and thor- ough on-the-spot revisions of the sections on Argentina and Chile.

Occupational Literature An Annotated Bibliography by Gertrude Forrester 1954 - 467 pp. - $5.00 Listing 1000 books and 2000 pamphlets alphabetically by occil- pation, this annotated bibliography is a complete guide to the best and newest material on occupationszs. It also offers iltfmma- tiolz on vocational training ad scholarships offered by U. S. schools and colleges.

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Please Mention Special Libraries When Answering Advertisements 432 SPECIAL LIBRARIES In preparation . . . The Ninth Edition of AMERICAN MEN OF SCIENCE

Edited lyy J~zyt~esCatd of the Science Press

Volume I THE PHYSICAL SCIENCES

Ready In January 1955

\-olrcnle I1 THE BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Ready Fall 1955

Volume 111 THE SOCIAL SCIENCES

Ready 1956 A Science Press I'lr hlicut [on

In Volume I alone. scheduled for publications in January, you will have all the facts you need on 42,000 scientists (15,000 MORE than in the last edition) in the fields of physics, mathematics, chemistry, agricultural chemistry, meteorology, oceanography, optics, acoustics, and metallurgy. Included are names. positions, addresses, fields. birthplaces, degrees. positions held, memberships. and research specialties-complete details on all living Americans (including Canadians) who have contributed to the advancement of science. Reserve your copies today. Special pre- publication price of $18 net postpaid per volume ($20 later). Books will sent on approval subject to return for full credit within ten days.

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The most authoritative and comprehensive reference book on adver- tising, selling and marketing. A 500-page gold mine of basic reference material, statistics and charts.

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