Churchill's Struggle for Survival Duration: 14:20
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IN THIS ISSUE Northern Lifeline: Churchill's Struggle for Survival Duration: 14:20 Churchill, Manitoba is located on the west shore of the Hudson Bay and is Canada’s gateway to the North. Historically, it’s been an important port since before the Hudson Bay Company built its first fort there. These days, it’s best known for being the polar bear capital of the world. Despite its tourist reputation, the town is facing incredible hardship. Last May, the only rail link into the community washed out. And a dispute over the repair costs by the American rail owners means a crucial link for the town is cut off. And that means a struggle for the residents of Churchill. Related News in Review stories CREDITS The Cross Lake Experiment: Reaching News in Review is produced by CBC NEWS Indigenous Kids (Oct 2016) Resource Guide Writer/Editor: Sean Dolan Canadian National: The Continental Railway Additional editing: Michaël Elbaz (Feb 2000) Host: Michael Serapio Packaging Producer: Marie-Hélène Savard Northern Medicine: Too Little, Too Far (Feb 1998) Associate Producer: Francine Laprotte Supervising Manager: Laraine Bone Other related Curio.ca content Visit our website at curio.ca/newsinreview, where you will find an archive of all previous Arctic Meltdown: The Arctic Passages (Pt 2 of 3) News in Review seasons. As a companion resource, we recommend that students and Flood of the Century: Manitoba 10 Years Later teachers access cbc.ca/news for additional articles. The Road to Tuktoyaktuk Closed Captioning The Shrinking Bears: What will happen to the News in Review programs are closed polar bears of Hudson Bay? captioned for the hearing impaired, for English as a Second Language students, or for Town At the Top of the World situations in which the additional on-screen print component will enhance learning. Tshiuetin CBC Learning authorizes reproduction of Twilight Dancers material contained in this guide for educational purposes. Please identify source. News in Review is distributed by: Curio.ca – CBC Media Solutions www.curio.ca © 2017 Canadian Broadcasting Corporation VIDEO REVIEW Before Viewing 1. Churchill, Manitoba, is a remote community located on the 58th parallel. The town of 900 people is far enough north that it is considered to be in the Arctic. In fact, Churchill is the site of the only deep-sea Arctic port in the nation. With other countries challenging Canada’s Arctic sovereignty, do you think the federal and step in to help the people of Churchill pay for provincial governments should do everything their cost of living? in their power (even if it means providing plenty of cash) to keep the town fully Viewing functional, if only to keep the port open? 1. Who are Churchill’s most famous 2. In the spring of 2017, overland flooding “residents”? Why does a closed port and a washed away the railway tracks in a broken rail line threaten to shut down number of places on the Hudson Bay Churchill’s tourist economy? Railway line that runs from The Pas to Churchill. The railroad is considered by 2. Floods washed out the rail line to Churchill many to be Churchill’s link to Canada. in: However, with the railway washed out, and the company that owns the railway refusing 12 places 19 places to repair it, Churchill is facing huge cost of 30 places Over 100 places living increases. 3. How has the broken rail line affected the Why do you think the cost of living went up? ability of local businesses to operate? Should the federal and provincial governments /1 4. How expensive has it become for people After Viewing living in Churchill? Why has their cost of living gone up so much? Omnitrax shut down the Port of Churchill in 5. What is the significance of Churchill in terms 2016 after a 34 per of Canada’s history? cent reduction in grain shipments 6. How important is bear season to the made the port, in the company’s terms, no Churchill economy? longer economically viable. Company 7. When did Omnitrax buy the rail line? Why executives blamed the government’s decision were the people of Churchill worried about to shut down the Canadian Wheat Board for the purchase? the closure. The Wheat Board was responsible for making sure grain was shipped equitably 8. Why did Omnitrax shut down the Port of from Canadian farmers to markets in Canada, Churchill? the United States and overseas. The shutdown of the port means that Canada can no longer 9. a) Why is Omnitrax refusing to fix the rail boast a functioning Arctic deep-sea port. This is line? now an issue of national security and b) How does the Canadian government sovereignty as other nations begin to lay claim feel about this? to the Arctic. 10. What does Dave Daley plan to do with the 1. Should Canada nationalize the Port of train cars that arrived by barge? Churchill in the interests of national security? 11. How much will it cost to repair the rail line? 2. The port itself is a proven money loser. 12. Should the government help Omnitrax pay Should this play a role in whether Canada for the repairs to the railway running from nationalizes the port or not? The Pas to Churchill? /2 THE STORY Minds On Privatization is the process of selling publicly run utilities to private companies. This is usually done to load the government coffers with money while handing off a labour-intensive service to a private company that hopes to capitalize on the needs of consumers. Done with the best interests of the consumer in mind, privatization can be a good thing. However, if the private company falters, it is the government that sold off the utility in the first place that is left to pick up the pieces and put the once public service back together again. What do you think? Should governments sell off public utilities to private investors? For example, the government of Ontario recently sold off part of the province’s hydro service to a private company. Is electricity an essential service or should it be available for private companies to purchase if they can provide better and cheaper service? Washed out Two massive blizzards hit the area around Churchill, Manitoba in March 2017. They brought significant damage to the Hudson Bay Railway — the rail link that connects Churchill to the rest of Manitoba (and, by extension, the rest of Canada). Once the snow melted, overland down the line. After delaying a repair flooding left the track washed out in 24 places, announcement, Omnitrax eventually said they with five bridges severely damaged. The Denver- were done — they were going to walk away based owner of the line, Omnitrax, said that 30 from the Hudson Bay Railway and leave the bridges and 600 culverts also needed inspection. repairs to the Canadian and Manitoba They set the price tag at $43.5 million for the government. Churchill’s land link to the nation repairs and inspections and, in May, they shut was abandoned by the company. /3 Privatization of Canada and were willing to leave the line and the port behind if necessary. Omnitrax bought the Hudson Bay Railway in 1997 for $11 million. The Liberal government at Soaring costs the time was happy to unload the asset, even if it meant giving up a bit of national Obviously, this inspired a degree of outrage sovereignty in the process. The rail line had cost from the governments of Manitoba and them $130 million in subsidies in the decade Canada. It also left the people of Churchill prior to the sale. Omnitrax was even willing to scrambling as their cost of living skyrocketed. scoop up the Port of Churchill — Canada’s With the absence of rail transport, all their only Arctic deep-sea port — which they goods (necessities, really!) had to be brought acquired for $10 million. The port was also an in by air and barge. Suddenly a jug of milk cost economic dud from the governments over $12, even with a government subsidy perspective — costing them $100 million in driving the cost down. Many worried about subsidies between 1975 and 1997. And so, the propane shipments — vital for heating and government surrendered control of the cooking — as the Arctic winter approached. commercial link that connected Churchill, Why not just fix it?! Manitoba, to the rest of Canada and hoped that the U.S. firm that took over would do right Meanwhile, advocates for the people of by the good people of Churchill and turn the Churchill came out to show their support. Some rail line and the port into a money maker. First Nations leaders hired private companies to demonstrate that the repair bill put forward by First the port, then the railroad Omnitrax was grossly inflated, with Keewatin That never really Rail Lines saying they happened. Omnitrax could fix the line for $2 made a go of it for 20 million (excluding the years but, by 2017, they bridge repairs). Big Sky had pretty much given Rail Corporation up on this particular looked at the Omnitrax venture. They put the repair report and said port and rail line up for that it looked too high. sale in 2015 but failed to Big Sky’s Sheldon attract a worthwhile Affleck pointed out offer. Then, in 2016, they that the rail line shut the Port of Churchill probably could have down completely. In 2017, blizzards were blamed been repaired for $5-10 million prior to winter. for the railway shut down — even though many He also wondered why the rail line suffered so believe that Omnitrax had enough time to fix the much damage since Omnitrax was given $18.8 rail line before the winter of 2017-2018.