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Information Systems for the Co-Management of Artisanal Fisheries Information Systems for the Co-Management of Artisanal Fisheries Field Study 1 - Bangladesh UK Department for International Development Fisheries Management Science Programme Project R7042 MRAG Ltd 47 Prince’s Gate South Kensington London SW7 2QA April 1999 Information Systems for the Co-Management of Artisanal Fisheries Field Study 1 - Bangladesh Funding: UK Department for International Development (DFID) Renewable Natural Resources Research Strategy (RNRRS) Fisheries Management Science Programme (FMSP) Project R7042 Collaborators: CARE, Bangladesh, 65 Road No. 7/A, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh Centre for Natural Resource Studies (CNRS), 3/14 Iqbal Road, Ground Floor, Block A Mohammadpur, Dhaka - 1207, Bangladesh Authors: Dr A. S. Halls Mr R. Lewins (Chapter 7) Contents Contents .................................................................1 1. Executive Summary ..................................................5 2. Introduction .......................................................11 2.1 The Objectives of the Project.....................................11 2.2 Objectives of the Field Based Study ...............................11 2.3 Field Study Approach ..........................................11 2.4 Field Work Team..............................................12 2.5 Structure of the Report..........................................13 3. Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture .....................................15 3.1 Background ..................................................15 3.2 Inland Fisheries and the Environment ..............................16 3.3 Aquaculture and Culture-Based / Enhanced Fisheries ..................20 3.3.1 Ponds .................................................21 3.3.2 Baors (oxbow lakes) .....................................22 3.3.3 Shrimp Farms ...........................................23 3.3.4 Pen culture .............................................23 3.3.5 Cage Culture ...........................................23 3.3.6 Rice-Fish Culture ........................................23 3.4 Production trends ..............................................24 3.4.1 Main Sector Trends ......................................24 3.4.2 Inland Capture Fisheries ..................................24 3.4.3 Aquaculture and Culture-Based / Enhanced Fisheries ............24 4. Inland Fisheries Management ........................................27 4.1 Institutional Arrangements .......................................27 4.3 Management Instruments, Access Rights and the Legal framework.......29 4.3.1 Jalmohal Leasing ........................................29 4.3.2 Technical Conservation Instruments and Supporting Legislation . 30 4.3.3 The New Fisheries Management Policy (NFMP) ...............31 4.4 Further Moves Towards Co-Management...........................31 4.5 Other Management Support and Development Projects ................32 4.6 A New National Fisheries Policy..................................32 4.7 Fourth Fisheries...............................................33 5. Obstacles to developing a FIMS for Bangladesh .........................35 5.1. Roles, Management Objectives, Strategies and Data Requirements .......35 5.2 Collaboration with the DoF......................................37 MRAG Information Systems for the Co-Management of Artisanal Fisheries - Field Study 1 - Bangladesh Page 1 6. Development of a Co-Management FIMS for Bangladesh .................39 6.1 Identification of National Data and Information Requirements...........39 6.2.1 FRSS Output ...........................................41 6.2.2 Frame Surveys, Sampling Methodologies and Estimation Procedures41 6.2.2.1 The Riverine Fisheries Survey ........................43 6.2.2.2 The Floodplain Fisheries Survey ......................46 6.2.2.3 The Beel Fisheries Survey...........................47 6.2.2.4 The Baor Fisheries Survey...........................48 6.2.2.5 The Kaptai Lake Survey .............................50 6.2.2.6 The Sunderbans Survey .............................51 6.2.2.6 The Pond Aquaculture Survey ........................51 6.2.2.7 The Shrimp Farm Survey ............................52 6.2.2.8 Other Culture-Based Systems ........................54 6.2.2.9 The Fish Market Price Survey ........................54 6.2.3 The Database and Data Structures ...........................54 7. Community Objectives, Data and Information Requirements. ..............57 7.1 Introduction ..................................................57 7.2. Community-Based Fisheries Projects in Bangladesh ..................62 7. 2.1 The Oxbow Lakes Projects (1991-) ..........................62 7.2.2 The Community Based Fisheries Management Project (1995-1999) 63 7.2.3 The Community Based Fisheries Management Project - Phase 2 . 68 7.2.4 CARE-Bangladesh Projects ................................69 7.2.4.1 CAGES .........................................69 7.2.4.2 GOLDA .........................................69 7.2.4.3 Integrated Rice-Fish (INTERFISH) ....................70 7.3 Forthcoming Community-based Fisheries Projects....................73 7.3.1 The Fourth Fisheries Project (1999-2004) .....................73 7.3.2 MACH ..................................................74 7.4 Field Survey..................................................75 7.4.1 Fieldwork Approach .....................................75 7.4.2 Ascertaining Community Objectives .........................76 7.4.3 Field Study Results ......................................79 7.4.4 Limitations .............................................80 7.4.5 Findings ...............................................81 7.4.6 Summary ..............................................84 7.5 FIMS Data Requirements.......................................85 7.6 Synthesis ....................................................91 References ...............................................................93 Annex 1 .................................................................97 Annex 2 ................................................................101 Page 2 Information Systems for the Co-Management of Artisanal Fisheries - Field Study 1 - Bangladesh MRAG Annex 3 ................................................................115 Annex 4 ................................................................121 Annex 5 ................................................................127 Annex 6 ................................................................165 Annex 7 ................................................................175 Annex 8 ................................................................189 Annex 9 ................................................................199 Annex 10 ...............................................................235 Annex 11 ...............................................................243 Annex 12 ...............................................................245 Annex 13 ...............................................................251 Annex 14 ...............................................................335 MRAG Information Systems for the Co-Management of Artisanal Fisheries - Field Study 1 - Bangladesh Page 3 Page 4 Information Systems for the Co-Management of Artisanal Fisheries - Field Study 1 - Bangladesh MRAG 1. Executive Summary Government Objectives Fisheries management, administration, development, extension and training in Bangladesh is the responsibility of the Department of Fisheries (DOF) under the wing of the Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock (MOFL). The over-arching objectives of the national fisheries policy of the Government of Bangladesh (Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, 1998) are to: • Increase fish production • Alleviate poverty by expanding employment opportunities and improving socio-economic conditions of fishers. • Fulfil the demand for animal protein. • Achieve economic growth through foreign exchange from fish exports. • Maintain ecological balance, conserve biodiversity, ensure public health and provide recreational facilities. These objectives are sought through a complex array of management instruments, access rights and policy initiatives including remnants of the original jalmohal (water estate) leasing system, more than ten technical conservation measures, the New Fisheries Management Policy (NFMP), and a number of co-management initiatives (eg Oxbow Lakes Project and the Community Based Fisheries Management Project (CBFM). Against this backdrop of management systems and arrangements, a number of (donor-assisted) government programmes have been instigated in an attempt to improve production from inland fisheries. A number of existing (extension) programmes further aim to strengthen institutional capacity, transfer technology and improve resource management. The MOFL is also currently developing a National Fisheries Policy for long term sectoral development comprising five main components, three of which relate to inland fisheries and aquaculture. The proposed activities of the forthcoming Fourth Fisheries Project implicitly assumes a number of further sector policies, particularly for the inland capture sector (Chapter 4). Information Requirements to Support Management Objectives A considerable obstacle to developing a protoype co-management FIMS for Bangladesh is that the policy proposals and objectives described above are not supported by fundamentally important details of the respective roles and responsibilities of the state, fishing communities and other stakeholders within the complex array of existing access arrangements.
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