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Volume 3, No. 4, April 2012, ISSN 2226-1095

• IMO Secretary- General : Working with ISO aritime • Fully Networked atters Car 2012 drives M priorities a

Contents Comment

Comment Capt. Charles H. Piersall, Chair, ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology 100 years after the Titanic – On steady course for safety ...... 1 100 years after the Titanic

ISO Focus+ is published 10 times a year World Scene (single issues : July-August, On steady course for safety November-December). International events and international standardization ...... 2 It is available in English and French. Guest Interview In April 1912, the Titanic struck an iceberg in the North Atlantic any and all disruptions to supply chains and Bonus articles : www.iso.org/isofocus+ Koji Sekimizu – IMO ...... 3 resulting in the deaths of over 1 500 people. The huge loss of life mo- applicable to all organizations in all sectors. ISO Update : www.iso.org/isoupdate bilized the international community to improve life-saving equipment, Second is the ISO 30000 series on ship Special Report recycling, which facilitates uniform industry The electronic edition (PDF file) ofISO ship stability and watertight subdivision requirements. Public concerns implementation of IMO requirements. Shipping – A pillar of world trade ...... 6 Focus+ is accessible free of charge on the stimulated new regulations, and the establishment of the International But work continues in an industry facing ISO Website www.iso.org/isofocus+ Steer clear ! All systems engaged to avoid collision ! ...... 8 new economic, environmental, safety and An annual subscription to the paper edition Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), which required security challenges. costs 38 Swiss francs. Where borders stop – Law and safety across oceans ...... 10 lifeboats for all persons on board and a host of other safety measures. Examples include initiatives to facilitate Learning from tragedy – Life-saving and fire protection ...... 12 the IMO Polar Code and fight piracy (e.g. Publisher But in September 1934, tragedy struck when ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technol- Pirates ! The high seas under attack ...... 14 armed guards onboard ships, new ship ISO Central Secretariat again when a luxury cruise ship, the SS Morro ogy, adopted a new strategic vision to better designs to isolate crews, etc.). (International Organization for The Polar Code – Navigating through frozen waters ...... 16 Castle, burnt down killing over 130 people. bridge the needs of industry with those of The committee is also looking at the latest Standardization) It was clear that the design of the ship, the regulatory bodies. It emphasized active col- Marine environment – Protecting the world’s waters ...... 18 advances in marine technology for marine 1, chemin de la Voie-Creuse materials used in its construction, questionable laboration with IMO and other regulatory Containers – Talk about a revolution ! ...... 21 installations and vessels ­(including every- CH – 1211 Genève 20 crew practices and lack of training escalated governmental bodies, a shift in focus toward Switzerland thing from buoys to floating hotel ships !), the flames that would destroy the ship. process and system standards, and recogni- Tel. : +41 22 749 01 11 Centre-fold and innovative emerging vessel types such The disaster led to new fire safety require- tion of the importance of all stakeholders in Fax : +41 22 733 34 30 as wing-in-ground vessels. Steering success ...... 24-25 ments. The use of fire retardant materials, the industry – from shipping to shipbuilding. E-mail : [email protected] Significant advances are also being automatic fire doors, ship-wide fire alarms, It also embraced sustainability. made in life-saving, fire protection and Planet ISO emergency generators, mandatory crew Manager : Roger Frost marine environment issues, such as energy training in fire-fighting procedures, and Editor in Chief : Elizabeth Gasiorowski-Denis News of the ISO system ...... 26 More than 100 efficiency, marine fuels, ballast water Assistant Editor : Maria Lazarte greater attention to fire drills and procedures management, ship irradiated noise impact CDC ISO/TC 8 standards Communication Officer : Sandrine Tranchard were among the resulting improvements. on marine ecosystems, and air emissions. Artwork : Xela Damond, Pierre Granier support IMO needs. ISO Consumer update – Bringing standards home to consumers ...... 28 Many reforms in the licensing of merchant The recent tragedy of the Costa Concor- and Alexane Rosa marine officers also followed. Translation : Translation Services, Conformity assessment for Asian developing economies ...... 29 dia earlier this year reminds us that work in Both the Titanic and the SS Morro Cas- Since then the strategic partnership with maritime safety, security and environment is ISO Central Secretariat MSS complaints mechanism ...... 29 tle were major driving forces to create a IMO has grown exponentially. ISO/TC 8 never done. Governments are sure to examine Workshop focuses on certification of persons ...... 30 permanent international body for maritime delegations participate in all IMO committee regulations to investigate whether modifica- Subscription enquiries : Sonia Rosas Friot safety. In 1948, an international convention ISO Central Secretariat ISO Secretaries’ Week ...... 30 and subcommittee meetings. Today, more tions are needed. Likewise, ISO must study established what would later become the Tel. : +41 22 749 03 36 than 100 ISO/TC 8 standards (published and “ lessons learned ” and, in concert with IMO, International Maritime Organization (IMO). Fax : +41 22 749 09 47 Management Solutions in progress) directly support IMO needs, undertake development of necessary standards. E-mail : [email protected] While safety was IMO’s most important and the list is expanding. As we steer ahead, ISO will continue Environmental management – ISO 14001 revision is underway ...... 32 responsibility, a new problem soon began to In turn, many ISO standards are referenced to deliver “ on time ” to meet the needs of © ISO, 2012. All rights reserved. Management system certification – Japan’s drive to boost credibility ...... 34 emerge – pollution. In 1967, the wreckage in the IMO Fire Safety Code, the High Speed government and industry as they arise.  of oil tanker Torrey Canyon resulted in over Craft Code, the SOLAS and MARPOL The contents of ISO Focus+ are copyrighted 360° 100 000 tonnes of crude oil being spilled around conventions, and numerous other IMO and may not, whether in whole or in part, Fully Networked Car 2012 – Setting priorities for new ITS standards agenda ...... 38 the coast of England. The incident highlighted regulations, resolutions and circulars (e.g., be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or the risk that oil tankers posed to the marine navigation, security, cruise ship passenger Making it simple – Geometrical Product Specifications ...... 39 transmitted in any form or by any means, elec- environment. During the next few years, IMO safety, life-saving devices, ballast water tronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, Start it up – A new suite of software user manuals ...... 41 introduced a series of measures to prevent management, emissions, and waste disposal). without written permission of the Editor. tanker accidents and minimize consequences. What can we do for our future ? – 3rd ISO and IEC Marketing and ISO/TC 8’s focus has centred on the It also tackled environmental threats caused standards for marine safety, maritime (and The articles in ISO Focus+ express the views Communication Forum ...... 44 of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect by routine operations, and established the supply chain) security, the marine environ- International Convention for the Prevention ment, navigation and ship operations. Two the views of ISO or of any of its members. New Releases of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL). widely implemented standards come to the ISSN 2226-1095 From farm to fork – ISO recipe for successful food supply chains ...... 48 In 1961, ISO became the second non- fore. First, the ISO 28000 series on supply Printed in Switzerland governmental organization to be granted chain security management systems, which Coming Up 49 collaborative observer status by IMO. This is the only published international, certifi- Capt. Charles H. Piersall, Chair, ISO/TC 8, Cover photo : ISO, 2012 partnership was further strengthened in 1995 able, risk-based, generic standard covering Ships and marine technology.

ISO Focus+ April 2012 © ISO Focus+, www.iso.org/isofocus+ 1 a World Scene Guest Interview

World Health Day 2012 The meeting between ISO and SAE took place at DIN’s invitation, thus making progress World Health Day in 2012 looks at age- on recommendations in the German Roadmap. ing and health with the theme “ Good health The ISO/SAE discussions in Berlin followed Koji Sekimizu adds life to years ”. It asks how good health a series of preliminary talks held last year. throughout life can help older men and women DIN’s Electromobility Office supports the lead full and productive lives and be a resource elaboration of standards and specifications for IMO for their families and communities. the electromobility sector, and coordinates the Ageing concerns every one of us every- development of a German standpoint on top- where in the world. Over the past century, ics which can be introduced into international life expectancy has increased dramatically and standardization at an early stage. the world’s population is ageing, particularly in developing countries. World Standards Cooperation This demographic change will offer Instead, these data show the reverse to be the opportunities and present challenges. In some case, ” said co-author Rohit Verma, professor The World Standards Cooperation (WSC), countries, health and social systems for an at Cornell’s School of Hotel Administration which comprises ISO, the International ageing population will have to be created and CHR’s Executive Director. Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), and the from scratch and put into service within a Tourism is a resource-intensive industry International Telecommunications Union single generation. that leaves a big footprint on the environ- (ITU) – held its 12th meeting in Geneva in ISO/IEC Guide 71:2001, Guidelines for ment. ISO 14001 provides a framework for February 2012. standards developers to address the needs of environmental management as a component Chaired this year by IEC President, Dr. Klaus older persons and persons with disabilities, of sustainability, and is being adopted by a Wucherer, the meeting looked ahead to future broke ground on the issue of how standards growing number of hotels. developments. should be written to extend their relevance to The research concluded that implementing 2012 activities include further workshops people with the widest range of capabilities, ISO 14001 is worthwhile for hotels. “ These associated with the 2012 Geneva Motor Show including both temporary and permanent data explain why the number of certified and two academic workshops, in conjunction disabilities. hotels is increasing and why some of the most with ICES. WSC members will also review This Guide is currently under revision with important hotels are adopting ISO 14001 in all the substantial existing repository of support- the new edition scheduled by the end of 2013. their establishments, especially in Europe, ” ing programmes and materials for academia said co-author Rohit Verma. with a view to ensuring proper referencing and availability whether at individual, insti- Closer cooperation tutional, national or regional level. on electric vehicles The World Standards Day 2012, with the theme of “ Less waste, better results – Stand- ISO and the US standards development ards increase efficiency ”, will create many organization, SAE International, are dis- opportunities for showing the value of standards cussing closer cooperation on standards for to business, governments and consumers. A electromobility and the automotive industry. video is planned which, in conjunction with The two organizations investigated new increased use of social media, will be used possibilities for cooperative work on selected to substantially boost awareness of benefits. projects when leaders of the two organizations WSC members agreed on the development met in February at the Berlin offices of ISO’s of a three-year rolling plan for joint activities member for Germany, DIN. including how WSC could respond to emerg- Cooperation between ISO and key stand- ing global trends ; development of high-level ards development organizations such as SAE statements emphasizing the importance of the not only reflects the automobile industry’s three organizations’ International Standards desire for uniform global standards, but is compared with competing standards ; high- also explicitly recommended in a German lighting what can be done to achieve closer Standardization Roadmap for Electromobility, collaboration, and avoiding confusion and hence DIN’s close interest. duplication of standards. 

Eco-friendly hotels profit Koji Sekimizu became Secre- for maritime safety, security, His outstanding leadership led Hotels in Spain that have sustainability tary-General of the International anti-piracy measures and marine the Conference to a successful certification are more profitable than those in Maritime Organization (IMO) at environment issues. conclusion and to the adoption that country that do not, according to a new study from Cornell University’s Center for the beginning of 2012. Among his many achievements of the AFS Convention. Hospitality Research (CHR). Having initially worked as a in IMO are his contribution as He has also represented IMO The study found that, of the more than 2 000 Spanish hotels surveyed, those that were certified to ship inspector at the Ministry of Director of the Marine Environ- on piracy issues and other key ISO 14001 (environmental management) recorded Transport in Japan, Mr. Sekimizu ment Division (MED), and in maritime matters. stronger sales and earnings than those that were not. Moreover, certified hotels in city and beach joined IMO in 1989 and has been 2001 as the Executive Secretary Koji Sekimizu studied naval locations had considerably stronger performance. Left to right : Mario Beier (Project Manager, DIN Electromobility Office),Rüdiger Marquardt involved in the development of of the Diplomatic Conference on architecture at Osaka University “ Our findings challenge the often-heard (Vice-Director of DIN), Kevin McKinley (ISO Deputy Secretary-General), Dr. Torsten Bahke many important conventions the Control of Harmful Anti- in Japan where he obtained a contention that adopting sustainability pro- (DIN Director), Rob Steele (ISO Secretary-General), Dr. David Schutt (CEO, SAE), Jack grammes will diminish hotels’ performance. Pokrzywa (Director, Ground Vehicles Standards, SAE). and codes, with responsibility fouling Systems for Ships (AFS). Masters in Engineering.

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mechanisms underlying our performance initiatives now underway. A few of the IMO fully recognizes the value of and, related to this, our human resources subject areas where ISO may be able to systems-based security, as detailed in the will be a crucial element in achieving that. assist IMO include the development of the ISO standards and the World Customs new mandatory Polar Code, implementa- Organization’s Framework of Standards. ISO Focus+ : Shipping is perhaps one of tion of the new goal-based standards for the world’s most international industries. bulk carriers and tankers, ship-recycling, ISO Focus+ : 2012 is the 100 year anniver- How does the adoption of ISO’s robust, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions sary of the sinking of the Titanic. Much uniform and consensus-based International from ships and air pollution and energy has changed and been improved since Standards complement and support IMO’s efficiency of ships. concerning safety, navigation manouvres, Republic of Ireland (Eire) postage stamp contribution to meeting the increasing etc., even though, as incidents like Costa showing an image of the Titanic, built need for global maritime security ? In ISO Focus+ : ISO and IMO have a long- Concordia show, there is still room for in Belfast, Ireland and sunk on its maiden your view, what are the areas for which standing collaboration, particularly improvement. What would you say are voyage in 1912, from Southampton, England to New York, USA. standards are most needed today ? through the work of ISO technical commit- some of the biggest lessons learnt since the tee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technol- Titanic, and how do standards help achieve Koji Sekimizu : International regulations tourism, are all examples of new concerns ogy. What is the value of this relationship this ? What areas remain in greatest need are the basis for a global, harmonized that influence the regulatory framework. IMO’s headquarters in London, England. and how do you see it going forward in the of International Standards ? regulatory regime for shipping. It is by This may entail prompting requirements for future ? How can we further strengthen its very nature an international industry, Koji Sekimizu : Undoubtedly, the most updating ship design or for strengthening ISO Focus+ : As the newly appointed this collaboration ? Secretary-General of IMO, what, in your in which the prime physical assets – the Seafarers’ Memorial overlooking the Thames important and beneficial outcome of the measures that address human element issues ships themselves – actually move between Koji Sekimizu : ISO has been a non- and the Houses of Parliament (unveiled in Titanic disaster has been the establishment such as the safety culture and management view, are the most important challenges September 2001). facing the maritime sector today ? On what countries and continents and therefore governmental organization in consultative of a global regime for standard-setting in within shipping. course are you aiming to steer IMO under between different legal jurisdictions. Such status with IMO since 1961 and therefore and/or secretaries of most ISO/TC 8 sub- maritime safety, which now falls under the Many lessons have been learnt since the your leadership ? an industry simply has to be regulated inter- has a long history of supporting IMO’s committees attend the sessions of the cor- auspices of IMO. Titanic. Perhaps the most important is the nationally. Uniform International Standards work by providing International Standards responding IMO subcommittees. Today’s very effective international understanding that accidents can happen Koji Sekimizu : Clearly, the maritime sec- are crucial to achieving one of IMO’s main which IMO regulations or recommendations At the same time, the IMO Liaison Officer implementation mechanism, involving unexpectedly, but in particular when the tor faces a number of challenges, not least objectives – the effective implementation can use. Indeed, ISO standards are widely with ISO attends most plenary meetings of governments, classification societies and safety envelope – established under IMO the commercial pressures that stem from of the standards adopted. footnoted and referred to in IMO conven- ISO/TC 8. These combined efforts ensure port State control can be traced back to safety conventions, codes and guidelines – is the global financial situation. But shipping tions and mandatory instruments in force, a smooth and continuous exchange of the time of the Titanic. The most important breached. Therefore, it would be of utmost is, and will remain, the only viable means such as in the fire protection regulations. information, which is necessary when a element in this mechanism is the positive importance to make rigorous efforts to ensure of transportation for the vast majority of ISO standards are widely ISO has always worked closely with IMO particular IMO body invites ISO/TC 8 to cooperation between governments and the compliance with established International global trade, supplying a perpetual demand. footnoted and referred to in the meetings of its committees and sub- provide expert advice on specific matters. shipping industry. Standards for safety. From a technical viewpoint, the industry in IMO conventions. committees and we very much welcome its There is, of course, room for further Finally, you ask what areas have the will need to respond to the challenges of contribution. As has been the practice, ISO, improvement – as indeed, there always will greatest need for International Standards, improving energy efficiency – even though, in some cases, will advise IMO of standards be. This is driven, in part, by the need to to which I would respond that International by some margin, it is already the most We very much welcome According to the IMO Convention, the it has developed or is developing and IMO’s respond to the changing requirements of Standards surrounding the human element energy-efficient means of transport for most ISO’s contribution. organization should aim to establish the member governments may agree to include the global community as a whole. Energy involved in the operation, management, cargo – and making further improvements highest practicable standards for maritime a reference to them in their regulations. efficiency, environmental protection, polar maintenance and repair of ships would in the field of environmental protection. safety and security, pollution prevention Regarding the value of this relationship, Our relationship has always been a great navigation, maritime security and maritime certainly be beneficial.  Reducing emissions and tackling the and control. This means that IMO standards the reciprocal representation is assured strength for both organizations and I will transport of invasive species in ships’ bal- should not only be of the highest level, through periodical participation of both continue to promote it, as my predecessors last water are among the key challenges in but that they should also be practicable to organizations in the other’s key meetings. have done in the past. I have no doubt that this regard. Shipping will also need to cope implement globally. Thus, the Chair of ISO/TC 8 attends all ses- there will be a continued need for Interna- with the cultural shift inherent in the move With regard to IMO’s current work, Inter- sions of IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee tional Standards developed by ISO in many from prescriptive to goal-based standards national Standards will likely be needed to (MSC) and Marine Environment Protection other aspects of IMO’s work in the future. for ship construction, something which IMO support a number of important regulatory Committee (MEPC), and selected chairmen has been working on for some time now. ISO Focus+ :  How can standards such Underlying these challenges is the need as the ISO 28000 family for supply chain for continual improvement of the human security help address security challenges ? element in shipping. Ensuring that standards What other ISO standards could be devel- of education and training keep pace with oped or implemented to further this cause ? developing requirements, and that the safety culture within the industry continues to be Koji Sekimizu : ISO technical commit- strengthened, are perennial challenges for tee ISO/TC 8 published ISO 20858 on About IMO the shipping sector. port security assessments shortly after the With regard to IMO, I believe it to be an release of the International Ship and Port The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is the United Nations specialized agency with effective organization – indeed, an excel- Facility Security Code. More recently, it responsibility for safety and security of shipping and the prevention of marine pollution lent organization with good traditions and has been developing the ISO 28000 series by ships. It is also involved in legal matters, including liability and compensation issues, a first-rate track record of delivering the on supply chain security. All of these wel- objectives set by its members. come developments are regularly reported and the facilitation of international maritime traffic. IMO currently has 170 Member States Having said that, I think that we must to IMO’s MSC under the agenda item on and three Associate Members. strive to further enhance the delivery Secretary-General of IMO, Koji Sekimizu, addresses the delegates at MEPC 63rd Session. maritime security.

4 © ISO Focus+, www.iso.org/isofocus+ ISO Focus+ April 2012 ISO Focus+ April 2012 © ISO Focus+, www.iso.org/isofocus+ 5 a Special Report Shipping A pillar of world trade

by Maria Lazarte

Despite the numerous lives lost in recent maritime disasters off the coast of Italy, Papua New Guinea and Bangladesh, shipping is one of the safest and most environmentally friendly forms of commercial transport. In fact, around 90 % of world trade moves by sea. With- out it, we would not be able to maintain the current scale of global imports and exports.

The competitive cost of sea freight is CO2) efforts are needed to make the industry essential to the expansion of world trade. even more efficient as it continues to grow. Industry forecasts appear strong with over More recently, ISO/TC 8 has been working 50 000 merchant ships working internation- to address a growing global concern with ally, transporting everything from tooth- a high human and economic cost : piracy brushes to the latest technologies. Over 150 and supply chain security. countries are involved, with over a million In addition to this work, other ISO com- seafarers from virtually all countries. mittees also impact the maritime industry in We can therefore consider shipping one several ways, one example being ISO/TC 104 of the most international of all industries. on freight containers, especially important Not only do ships routinely cross borders since 90 % of cargo travels by container. and navigate international waters, but their This year, the theme of World Maritime ownership and management can involve Day (organized by IMO) is “ One hundred many countries. Global solutions are essen- years after the Titanic ”, focusing on safety tial, and this issue of ISO Focus+ looks at of life at sea. It was a cold evening on 15 the role that International Standards play April 1912 when the Titanic – the largest in addressing the unique challenges of the ship afloat at the time and the height of maritime industry. comfort and luxury – sank four days into A notable leader is ISO technical com- her maiden voyage claiming the lives of mittee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine tech- more than 1 500 people. nology, which brings together the different Since then, the memory of this tragedy stakeholders in the maritime field to develop has driven efforts for safety and progress solutions for the industry. The committee in the maritime field, and much has been works closely with the International Mari- improved. The 100th anniversary, just like time Organization (IMO), the UN specialized this issue of ISO Focus+, will provide an agency responsible for safety and security opportunity to take stock of the develop- of shipping and the prevention of marine ments in maritime matters and to examine pollution by ships. In fact, numerous ISO which areas of ship safety should be given standards have been developed directly to priority in the years to come. support IMO conventions. Although the industry has made giant ISO/TC 8 has standards for life-saving strides since the Titanic, maritime incidents and fire protection, navigation and ship still occur – a stark reminder not to sit on operations, ship design, pipes and machinery, our laurels, but to keep moving forward and much more. Over time its scope has with the goal of striving to be always bet- expanded to tackle emerging challenges ter. There is, and will be always a need for for the industry, such as ship pollution and progress. And ISO will be at the forefront recycling and other related environmental of this work, providing a valuable vehicle issues. Although international shipping is for continual improvement, full speed ahead one of the most energy efficient modes of all engines !  transport (in 2007 it was responsible for only 2.7 % of global man-made emissions of Maria Lazarte is Assistant Editor, ISO Focus+.

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changes in weather, appearance of a new Navigation systems/equipment for collecting information target and the encountered target’s move- Information Navigation systems/equipment ment which may require a revised plan. The final stage of voyage planning comprises Position Satellite navigation systems Global Positioning System monitoring the vessel’s progress in relation (GPS) and Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) to the plan and responding to deviations Course Magnetic compass and binnacles, electromagnetic and unforeseen circumstances. Figure 2 compass, gyrocompass, transmitting heading device shows navigation systems and equipment for voyage planning and ship operation. Speed Speed log Ship condition Rudder, propeller, thrust, pitch and operational mode Steer clear ! indicators It is crucial to identify Inclinometer obstacles like shallow water, icebergs, Maneuverability Instructions for planning, carrying out and reporting sea trials other ships, storms All systems engaged and rough seas. Target Binoculars, radar, radar reflector, automatic identification to avoid collision ! system (AIS), night-vision equipment, searchlight, window wiper Work ahead Waterway Electronic chart display and information system (ECDIS), electronic navigational chart (ENC), electronic chart IMO will investigate the cause of the system (ECS), raster chart display system (RCDS) MS Costa Concordia disaster of January 2012. As with any other maritime disaster, Radar, eco sounding equipment the lessons learned from this event could Weather and warning Wind vane, radio, fax be transformed into standards such as those developed by SC 6, to prevent incidents Figure 1 : Navigation systems and equipment for collecting voyage-related information. like this one happening again. As IMO continues to develop and Navigation systems/equipment update standards for navigation systems for voyage planning and ship operation and equipment, the organization is con- sidering work on the latest technology of Function Navigation systems/equipment e-navigation. This focuses on getting the ship safely, securely and efficiently from Voyage planning ECDIS, ENC, ECS, RCDS berth to berth in an environmentally friendly Collision avoidance Automatic tracking aid way, using global systems for navigation and communication. SC 6 is joining the Course control Steering gear, heading control system e-navigation group so that this work is Speed control Engine telegraph reflected in its standards.  Track control Track control system Communication Daylight signaling lamp, AIS About the author Global maritime distress and safety system Prof. Dr. Hayama by Hayama Imazu Navigation is the process of monitor- Alarm Alarm of failure of equipment Imazu is Chair of ing and controlling the movement of a Bridge navigation watch alarm system ISO/TC 8/SC 6. he world learnt a lesson the hard way when failure to detect an craft or vehicle from one place to another. T International Standards developed by ISO Figure 2 : Navigation systems and equipment for voyage planning and ship operation. He is Director and iceberg on time started the chain of events that would become one of technical committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and Vice-President of the largest maritime disasters of all time, the sinking of the Titanic. marine technology, subcommittee SC 6, When obstacles are identified, navigators systems and equipment. ISO/TC 8/SC 6 Tokyo University For safe maritime navigation, it is crucial to identify obstacles such as Navigation and ship operations, provide need to know about the type of obstacle, its standards provide technical support to pro- of Marine Science and Technology. valuable technical support to improve position, safe distance, likely movement, mote the implementation of these systems shallow water, icebergs, other ships, storms and rough seas, and work Prof. Imazu has over seven years’ experi- navigation safety. and traffic rules in the area, amongst other on a global scale. out their positions with enough time to steer clear of them. Navigators ence at sea as an officer and captain. information. Figure 1 shows navigation must be able to change course and/or speed whenever a risk is identi- Among his achievements and activities, Navigation systems systems and equipment for collecting Voyage planning fied, but it is nearly impossible to obtain exact information about all and ship operation he has researched the integrated naviga- Navigators require key information such voyage-related information. tional information system on seascape obstacles in advance. It is therefore crucial that navigators can effec- as the ship’s voyage plan, position, course, The International Maritime Organization A voyage plan takes into account any image (INT-NAV) and one-man bridge tively look out for threats as they advance and adapt accordingly. speed, dimensions and maneuverability. (IMO) is responsible for approving navigation potential special circumstances such as watch system.

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facilitate business-to-business transactions. How is this accomplished ? International Standards are developed with input from all stakeholders, including industry, for their common use. Therefore, the requirements and capabilities of different businesses are equally taken into account. This results in concrete and applicable solutions that enable transactions worldwide. Where borders stop The ability to seek accredited certification to certain ISO standards is another advantage to companies for which this is a requirement to define reliability. Although it is possible to do a self-assessment of conformity with a standard, many businesses and governments might require accredited certification by a outlines requirements for services, and for standards : the better the standard, the bet- recognizable brand name or by an “ RO ”. quality management. ter the product, the better the certification Here ISO comes full circle from providing Traditionally, shipping has been a reac- (where applicable), the lower the risk. technical tools for international law and safety tive industry. A century ago, a simple requirements, to helping address subsequent calculation would have predicted that if From headlines to action needs for conformity and compliance. the Titanic sank without assistance a high Law and safety across oceans proportion of passengers would not survive. Currently, ISO/TC 8/SC 1 is developing ISO – a brand to rely on There were just not enough lifeboats. And a new standard on marine evacuation sys- by Robin Townsend immobile), international shipping law is the yet, the ship fully complied with all the tems. This is based on industry awareness In addition to setting performance stand- direct opposite. The latter must facilitate requirements of its time. that since the last IMO review, important movement, and be equally applicable in any ards for major life-saving issues, ISO also advances in technology have meant we Over the last century, the total number of lives lost on passenger jurisdiction. More than any other industry, can make such systems safer and faster. ships at sea in peacetime, largely exceeds 15 000 (see Box). This is a therefore, shipping relies on international ISO/TC 8 is developing The recent Costa Concordia disaster has time not only to reflect on the Titanic disaster, and all maritime casu- law and International Standards to promote shown the importance of rapid, secure and a standard to support effective evacuation of everyone on board, alties, but also on the safety of life at sea generally, and the role ISO safety worldwide. A further complication is that country safety at sea. particularly in very large passenger ships. has to play in reducing risks. administrations had great difficulty provid- An examination of such systems will be ing global coverage for ship surveys and inevitable. ISO is already working on this. The Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) remains this is why the concept of “ recognized As I write this article, I am represent- The drive from slow, reactive safety the most important agreement to reduce organization ” (RO) was established. ROs ing ISO in one of IMO’s debates on the measures, to fast, efficient proactive safety casualties at sea for all ships. It is supported are companies (often acting as classification latest requirements for safety equipment. procedures is necessary, and ISO is leading by other conventions, mainly created by the societies) called upon to provide services ISO’s 2012 workload includes a number of this process, while supporting IMO’s work.  International Maritime Organization (IMO), throughout the world, acting on behalf of new safety requirements on the fast track. but also by other United Nations agencies governments. ISO/TC 8 has proven time and again that such as the International Labour Organiza- fast track procedures allow us to have a About the author tion. Over 100 standards (in progress and specification put into place within a year published) from ISO technical committee Shipping safety relies Peril at sea – a period in which most governmental Robin Townsend ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, on international law and agencies would struggle to even place the has been Chair directly support these endeavours. International Standards. A list of just some of the casualties issue on the agenda. of subcommittee ISO/TC 8 serves as the liaison between incurred on the seas during the past But there is more to it than that. As ISO/TC 8/SC 1, IMO and the shipping/shipbuilding industry. century is staggering : Chair of ISO/TC 8, subcommittee SC 1, Life-saving and fire The committee’s mission is to produce and These ROs may make their own rules Life-saving and fire protection, I am protection, since • 1512 deaths : Titanic, 1912 maintain world-class consensus standards, in some cases, but particularly on issues extremely proud that members of my 2011. He has been specifications and guides, often to support ranging from life-saving, fire protection to • 134 deaths : Morro Castle,1934 subcommittee – mainly industrial manu- heavily involved in the work of IMO. ISO/TC 8 is, therefore, the implications for land-based industry, facturers, and classification societies, but safety equipment • 1153 deaths : Toya Maru, 1954 instrumental in the practical process of they rely on ISO International Standards. also government representatives – are and fire-fighting throughout his career converting international law into require- ISO is at the centre of this network. It is • 4314 deaths : Doña Paz, 1987 able to identify in advance the items that and in particular was part of the team of ments to make ships at sea safer. one thing to specify the number of lifeboats • 852 deaths : Estonia, 1994 they think will genuinely and effectively Lloyd’s Register surveyors building four ships should carry for a certain number of increase safety – and then weave these large passenger ships in France, including Floating jurisdictions passengers, but real life application is far • 1020 deaths : Al-Salam elements into new standards. the only remaining transatlantic liner, the Boccaccio 98, 2006 International shipping is unique in that more complicated. For example, what are In particular, manufacturers of ship safety Queen Mary 2. Mr. Townsend has worked it is essentially a self-regulating industry. the actual performance standards that must • 183+ deaths : Rabaul Queen, 2012 and life-saving equipment and classifica- as a ship and engine surveyor with Lloyds be met by a lifeboat ? tion societies are interested in increasing Register for 20 years. His career has been While most laws are based on an item or an • 32 deaths : Costa Concordia, 2012 entity located in one jurisdiction (essentially ISO standards provide much needed tech- their products’ performance to reduce a mixture of new building, survey and nical specifications in practical areas and risk – and to implement this through new repair work.

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signposted all means of exit, including stairways and corridors, and be marked by The Plimsoll line Learning lighting or photo-luminescent strip indi- cators – the LLL – placed not more than 0.3 metres above the deck, allowing easy TF Humans have been regulating ship construction identification of escape routes even in the and operation since the distant past. For presence of heavy smoke. example, the “ Plimsoll line ” – a symbol marked from tragedy T F At that time, such an International Standard on a ship’s shell representing the maximum L R was not available to facilitate implementa- S draft of a ship and hence the maximum cargo Life-saving and fire protection tion, so national standards had to be applied. allowed on board, named after Samuel Plimsoll Soon after, ISO was asked to work on the (1825-1898) – was already known to the by Giovanni Delise and Alessandro Maccari W development of an International Standard TF Tropical Fresh water F Fresh water people of Crete circa 2500 BC. The custom consistent with all relevant and applicable T Tropical salt water WNA was later adopted in medieval times by all regulations. The result was ISO 15370, S Salt water The sinking of the Titanic in 1912 was such a monumental tragedy W Salt water in winter Italian maritime republics (Venice, Genoa, Ships and marine technology – Low-location WNA Winter in North Atlantic that it led the whole maritime community into new ways of thinking : LR Lloyd’s Register Pisa and Amalfi). lighting on passenger ships – Arrangement. prescriptive, deterministic, reactive regulations were created to fill the A very bad example of signs found on a sailing The last edition published in 2010, takes gaps which had only become obvious in the wake of accidents. ship, which may lead to misunderstanding. account of experience and lessons learned following 10 years of successful application lowering linguistic and cultural barriers. notices and safety markings – Part 1 : Immediately after the tragedy, an inter- compliance with the new regulations was Today, SOLAS is still a living document, onboard thousands of ships. Examples include ISO 17631:2002, Ships Design principles. More parts are being national conference was held in London, left to national flag administrations and to continuously revised by the International and marine technology – Shipboard plans developed to allow the general public to England in 1914, but it was only attended classification societies. Maritime Organization (IMO) and its for fire protection, life-saving appliances gain a better understanding of ship safety by France, Great Britain and the USA. member states. It is updated as technology and means of escape, and ISO 17338:2009, and operational procedures, independently Discussions addressed regulations for ship Constantly updated progresses to meet emerging challenges, and Ships and marine technology – Drawings for of language. construction which had proved so inadequate to reflect lessons learned from the analysis fire protection – Indications of fire rating In an era of globalization, when crew and in the recent past. It was only in 1929 that SOLAS continued to evolve with time, of other maritime accidents. by divisions for ships and high-speed craft. passengers may come from every corner a similar meeting (this time attended by although sadly, many of the improvements These International Standards ensure that of the world, the translation into intuitive 19 countries) succeeded, witnessing the were once again driven by disasters. For safety plans can be generally understood signs and symbols of most safety instruc- birth of the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) example, in 1948, following the tragic 1934 International Standards despite differences in countries of origin, tions is a real challenge. Some recent and convention. fire on board luxury cruise ship SS Morro ensure that safety national laws, crew languages, by shore- shocking examples of problems with ship SOLAS proved to be a cornerstone of Castle which killed over 130 people, SOLAS plans can be generally based fire-fighters or inspectors. evacuation and abandonment procedures adopted a number of very stringent regula- safety in the world of shipping. With this understood. Another important standard is ISO 24409- clearly emphasized the extent of this prob- document, the number and dimensions of tions on fire protection such as the subdivision 1:2010, Ships and marine technology lem. However, it is a challenge that must watertight divisions and compartments were of the ship into main vertical zones (MVZ) – Design, location and use of shipboard be undertaken and a challenge that ISO is established. For the first time, lifeboats separated by fire-resistant divisions ; the Although SOLAS, as well as other IMO safety signs, safety-related signs, safety confident – once again – of winning.  had to be provided in sufficient number provision on an automatic fire suppression codes and conventions, provide general and size to transport all persons on board, system (sprinklers), and the calculation of recommendations on ship design, arrange- capable of being lowered even with a 15° the maximum allowable fire load within ment and equipment, these conventions About the authors degree list. The verification of a ship’s accommodation and service spaces. rarely define in detail standards for design, construction and testing. Here is where ISO Giovanni Delise Alessandro Maccari standards help. is Head of Fincan- is Manager of Re- Low location lighting (LLL) and signs within tieri Shipyard Ship search, Innovation a stair enclosure. Working to save lives Safety Department. & Development de- This is, of course, just one example among He deals with dif- partment at Fincan- Sometimes, mandatory regulations sparked many of ISO standards routinely applied by ferent technical ar- tieri Shipyard. His by a tragedy require urgent implementation the shipbuilding industry. While some target eas of ship design experience includes to prevent further disasters. Standards must the design and construction of equipment, and construction structural design, be able to follow suit, in order to promote e.g. ISO 15371 on fire-extinguishing systems including interior project co-ordi- global implementation. A typical example for protection of galley cooking equipment outfitting and safety issues such as life- nation of several large passenger ships, is that of the Low Location Lighting system or ISO 15540 on fire resistance of hose saving appliances, escape and evacua- design of accommodation areas, manage- (LLL) – the luminous escape route identifi- assemblies, others look at the human factor. tion, active and passive fire protection. ment of all safety aspects in ship design cation marking, which became mandatory Mr. Delise attends IMO fire protection and production. He is adviser to the Ital- onboard passenger ships following the The human factor subcommittee meetings, acting as techni- ian Administration at the IMO on specific tragedy of the Scandinavian Star (1990). cal advisor to the Italian Administration. technical subjects pertinent to passenger The fire on this passenger ferry resulted Standards which deal with the human He is a technical member of ISO/TC 8, ship safety, design and equipment, fire in the death of 158 people, most of whom element look at, for example, tools to help Ships and marine technology, SC 1, Life- protection, stability, marine environment were killed by toxic smoke in corridors, the crew, operators, surveyors or inspectors. saving and fire protection, and Chair of protection. He also cooperates, on several unable to find an escape route. In 1992, Their main purpose is to improve human the subcommittee on life-saving and fire research and safety-related activities, with the IMO adopted a resolution stating that comprehension of ship design, equipment protection at UNI (U8101). organizations such as CESA, Euroyards, Proper signage in the embarkation area. all passenger ships had to have clearly and arrangements, eliminating or at least US Coast Guard, CLIA.

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engaged in matters of maritime and trans- portation security. Its work has been sup- Pirates ! porting IMO initiatives like the International Ship and Port Security (ISPS) Code, whose uniform industry implementation was The high seas under attack facilitated by ISO 20858:2007, Ships and marine technology – Maritime port facil- by Charles H. Piersall ity security assessments and security plan development. In fact, the standard was published on the same date as the ISPS Pirate attacks off the Somali coast are estimated to have cost the Code entered into force. global shipping industry about USD 5.6 billion in 2011 alone. Ran- Another important contribution is made by soms for hostages and ships run into the millions of dollars, in what ISO 28000:2007, Specification for security has become a substantial and often cruel business. It was estimated management systems for the supply chain. It is the only published generic, risk-based, that earlier this year over 100 seafarers and several ships were being certifiable standard for all organizations, held for ransom in brutal conditions 1). all disruptions, all sectors. It is widely in Among its recommendations are features To this end, ISO has been requested by use and constitutes a stepping stone to the to be incorporated in newly designed ships IMO and other stakeholders to develop an authorized economic operator (AEO) and that isolate crews from pirates attempting ISO standard that establishes criteria for the customs-trade partnership against ter- to get on board, while continuing the safe selecting companies that provide armed rorism (CTPAT) certifications. underway operation of the ship. For exist- guards for ships. The standard, ISO 28007, ing ships, we have been examining minor Ships and marine technology – Guidelines modifications, add-ons, changes in operating for private maritime security companies International Standards procedures, etc. that make it more difficult (PMSC) providing privately contracted increase security to help for pirates to successfully attack a ship. armed security personnel (PCASP) on thwart these attacks. board ships (and pro forma contract), Armed response is under development on an accelerated schedule. Part of the ISO 28000 series, it There was initially great concern about will be a certifiable standard to provide the Fending off pirates “ arming ” commercial ships or providing necessary support and confidence to Flag armed guards on board. But as piracy States and the IMO.  As piracy activities continue to grow, a drastically increased in frequency and the team of senior corporate security officers horrific acts commited against persons on and international law enforcement from ships got worse, the philosophy was re- About the author the International Security Management examined. Now armed guards are assigned Association (ISMA) and ISO are working to some ships and more are being seriously Capt. Charles together to look for solutions. considered. H. Piersall has been Chair of ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, for 16 years. He is a retired US Navy Captain with It is safe to assume that pirates have economic cost of piracy is huge. In olden over 54 years of distinguished maritime been around since the oceans were first times, pirates were hung – no courts, no service – first as a senior naval officer used for commerce. From the sea peoples lawyers, no forgiveness. But today’s envi- and then as an industry executive. He is of the Aegean and Mediterranean to Scan- ronment is different. recognized­ worldwide as a leader in the dinavian Vikings and English and Spanish ISO technical committee ISO/TC 8, Ships field of international maritime and supply privateers ; from Europe to the Caribbean, and marine technology, has been working chain security standards. In addition to no part of the world has been exempted with the International Maritime Organization the highest military awards and honors, from the “ scourge of the seas ”. (IMO), major international corporations and Capt. Piersall has received numerous Now, as most of trade travels by sea, intelligence and law enforcement agencies high-level awards for his contributions­ the world is seeing a growth of piracy, to develop International Standards that to international standardization including particularly around developing or struggling increase security to help thwart these attacks. the ANSI Astin-Polk International Stand- countries, and those without strong navies ards Medal and the US Coast Guard’s to respond to the challenge. In addition to Securing the seas Distinguished Public Service Award. the ordeals experienced by victims, the Under his leadership, ISO/TC 8 received Since the terrorist attack on the USA on ISO’s highest award – the Lawrence D. 1) tinyurl.com/bbcpirates 11 September 2001, ISO has been actively Eicher Leadership Award in 2005.

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It should allow normal and emergency It should look at ensuring adequate sup- operations on exposed decks, as well as plies of protective clothing and thermal adequate public address and emergency insulating materials. Life-saving appliances alarm volumes during ice navigation (LSA) should be functional at low tem- (loud scenario). Escape routes should peratures, and communications equipment not impede persons in polar clothing. It [to ensure communication with search and is important to protect personnel when rescue (SAR) services] should be capable using bridge wings or other navigational of operating on schedule and under polar equipment, and keep bridge windows conditions. Vessels shall carry LSA and clear via de-icing survival equipment in accordance with expected conditions, meeting escape Fire safety and protection and evacuation needs (e.g. survival craft, Operational requirements The goal of this work is for active and personal life-saving equipment). The goal here is to provide for operational passive fire protection arrangements to Navigation arrangements that address hazards specific remain operable. to polar conditions. It will be necessary to consider that This work looks at minimizing time It is important to consider documentation operators will be wearing bulky cold required to locate survivors in the event including the Polar Operating Manual and weather gear. All fire extinguishing of an accident. training manual for all ice navigators, system components must work in cold Ships need equipment capable of receiving voyage planning, reporting requirements, temperatures. When possible, water/ ice and weather information charts. They other operating and training manuals, foam extinguishers should be located must have equipment capable of receiv- drills and emergency instructions, and in areas that do not freeze or locations ing/displaying ice imagery, and have an damage control. The Polar Code subject to freezing must have extinguish- automatic identification system (AIS). ers that do not freeze. Any sea suctions Crewing, manning, qualification training Communications Navigating through frozen waters needed must be capable of being cleared Ships’ officers and crew training require- of ice. Fire pump locations must provide The goal is to facilitate effective communi- ments for operating ships in polar waters. minimum temperatures. Valves must be cation between ships and life-saving crafts. protected from sea spray and it should It will be necessary to consider suitable Emergency control by the ISO/TC 8 Arctic leadership team design parameters and/or operational be possible to isolate and drain fire communications equipment for ships and Provide guidance to prevent and limit the limitations in order to support decision main sections. lifeboats. A rescue coordination centre consequences of incidents or accidents is required. in polar waters. making processes during navigation in Life-saving appliances olar waters are becoming increasingly accessible to vessels and hu- Ships must carry equipment for dam- P polar waters. and arrangements Alternative ship designs man activity. Due to the remoteness and extreme climate conditions of age control and to perform minor hull Structural integrity This work will provide for safe escape, This work provides arrangements for the region, these waters pose a number of risks to ships, including de- repair. Procedures for protection of the evacuation and rescue in case of an systems that may deviate from the require- environment under normal ops shall be sign, navigation, domain awareness, search and rescue capabilities, etc. Structural integrity aims to ensure that ship structures and deck machinery emergency in polar waters. ments set out in the mandatory code. in the ship’s operations manual. There are adequate to resist global and local must be capability to contain and clean These risks may not be adequately ISO participated actively in the IMO group, environmental loads for polar voyages. up minor spills. addressed by other mandatory instruments, represented by Charles H. Piersall, Chair of such as the International Maritime Organiza- ISO technical committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and Intact/damage stability Environmental protection tion (IMO) Conventions for Safety of Life marine technology, and Joe Byrne, Chair of and sub-division This work aims to develop guidance to at Sea (SOLAS) and for the Prevention of subcommittee ISO/TC 8/SC 3, Piping and This work will help ensure sufficient prevent and eliminate harmful environ- Pollution from Ships (MARPOL). machinery, and Coordinator of the ISO/TC stability in intact and damaged conditions mental impact from ships operating in In polar regions there is a need to rec- 8 subcommittee (SC) Task Force. to minimize the need to evacuate the ship. polar waters. ognize special measures to protect the It will look at aspects such as no spills safety of life and to preserve the quality Watertight and weathertight integrity of pollutants or oil or sewage, ensuring and sustainability of the environment. The ISO is developing The goal is to provide measures to main- air emissions of soot/black carbon are draft mandatory IMO Polar Code covers standards to support tain watertight and weathertight integrity low, ballast water, and tank locations to operation, design, safety, and environmental implementation of operational conditions. limit spill probability. protection for vessels, and provides guid- the IMO Polar Code. ance to ensure safe operations. Machinery Shaping the course All machinery should be capable of oper- ISO and the IMO Polar Code ISO is working to develop a number of ating in anticipated operating conditions. Although ISO is already developing standards to support implementation of the standards in these areas, it is important to In February 2010, the IMO subcommit- IMO Polar Code, below are some examples. Habitability realize that as the work advances and new tee on ship design and equipment (DE 54) This work aims to ensure that accom- needs emerge, this work may be adjusted established a group to develop a mandatory Polar water operational manual modations, work spaces and their escape accordingly.  Polar Code to supplement existing IMO The goal of a polar water operational means and routes are appropriate for the The Arctic leadership team of ISO technical Conventions in order to respond to the manual is to provide the master and environmental conditions in polar waters and committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, special requirements of the polar regions. crew with sufficient information on ship that risk to persons on board is minimized. is steering the development of standards in this field .

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• Emissions of oxides of nitrogen and/or ISO/TC 8 has consultative status because committee, for an International Standard sulphur, particulate matter and green- of its considerable technical expertise and to measure underwater sound. house gases its ability to enhance IMO’s work. The The standard will help organizations • Environmental impact linked to ship committee often develops industry standards such as research institutes to implement a recycling. that complement IMO conventions. SC 2 uniform measurement methodology in order directs its efforts towards implementing to obtain reliable data to back up scientific SC 2 is also considering new work on the challenging aspects of environmental research on the impact of underwater sound ballast water sampling, air emissions and regulations. on the marine ecosystem. energy efficiency. Port waste Cooperation with IMO For the marine community, the relationship between Many ports and terminals, or their For the marine community, the relation- ISO/TC 8 and IMO owners, have invested much in achieving ship between ISO/TC 8 and IMO is very certification to ISO 14001 (environmental important. is very important. management systems). ISO 16304, Ships and A specialized agency of the United marine technology – Marine environment Marine Nations, IMO has 170 Member States and protection – Arrangement and manage- three Associate Members. Since 1959, The following examples of SC 2 work ment of port waste reception facilities, is IMO’s main task has been to develop in progress illustrate the complementarity being developed to complement the use of environment and maintain a comprehensive regulatory of this relationship. ISO 14001 in ports. framework for shipping. In addition to extending the principles IMO’s remit today includes safety, envi- Underwater sound of ISO 14001 to port waste management, Protecting the world’s waters ronmental concerns, legal matters, technical ISO 16304 will provide a global standard Noise radiated from ships can be harm- cooperation, maritime security and the effi- that any port, harbour, terminal or marina ful to the marine environment. ISO 16554, ciency of shipping. Its specialized committees can apply to the planning, development Ships and marine technology – Marine by Carolyn E. Junemann and Koichi Yoshida the standardization of design, construc- and subcommittees update or develop and and operation of its port reception facilities environment protection – Measurement and tion, structural elements, outfitting parts, adopt new regulations. Meetings are attended (PRF). ISO 16304 will address : equipment, methods and technology used by maritime experts from member govern- reporting of underwater sound radiated • The development of a waste manage- Throughout the life-cycle of a ship – from the time the keel is laid, in shipbuilding and marine operations. It ments, together with those from inter- and from merchant ships, is being developed ment strategy through its operating lifetime to its ultimate recycling – it interacts also understands marine environmental non-governmental organizations, which have to respond to the demand, noted by IMO with the natural environment. How it does so and its impact depend matters associated with shipbuilding and an observer or consultative role. and its marine environment protection • PRF design mainly on how it is built, operated and disposed of or recycled. Work- the operation of sea-going ships, vessels for inland navigation, offshore structures, ing closely with the maritime industry, ISO is developing International ship-to-shore interfaces and all other marine Standards to minimize ships’ repercussions on the environment. structures subject to International Maritime Organization (IMO) requirements. This work is done through ISO tech- SC 2 focuses on the standardization of marine pollution abatement materials, equip- nical committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and This work has never marine technology, and its subcommittee ment and technologies and environmental SC 2, Marine environment protection. been more relevant. matters related to ship building, operation ISO/TC 8 has a thorough knowledge of and recycling. Together they constitute a winning team for the marine environment.

Environmental impact NOx SOx PM Greenhouse gases Figure 1 illustrates a wide range of potential sources of ship-related environ- mental impact. ISO/TC 8/SC 2 is active in Ship recycling addressing areas such as : • Radiation of underwater sound from ships into the marine ecosystem Ballast water • Managing and handling ship-generated garbage Anti-fouling • Unintentional (or intentional) spills of Underwater system, VOC oil/chemicals into the sea noise Garbage, waste Oil / Chemical • Effects of hull anti-foulants on the and wash-water (Fuel/cargo) environment • Discharge of ballast water containing Figure 1 : Environmental areas of interest. non-indigenous aquatic species

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• Port waste management plan (PWMP) development, implementation and compliance • PRF and PWMP operation • PRF management and accountability.

Anti-fouling systems

The harmful effects of organotin com- pounds used as biocides (historically in anti-fouling paint) on marine organisms and human health have been of global concern. To prevent the continued use of these com- pounds, IMO has enacted a legally-binding international framework regulating the use of anti-fouling systems containing harmful substances. The International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on Ships (the AFS Convention) was adopted in 2001 and entered into force in September 2008. SC 2 is developing ISO 13073-1, Ships Oil booms – Design criteria, to specify the basic Containers and marine technology – Risk assessment design, general function, designations and Booms are temporary floating barriers on anti-fouling systems on ships – Part 1 : marking of oil booms. The standard will used to contain oil spills in order to limit Marine environmental risk assessment also provide guidance on the boom capac- Talk about a revolution ! damage, particularly to shorelines and method for biocidally active substances ity ratings, dimensions, materials, design other resources, and speed up recovery. used for anti-fouling systems on ships. The and performance that must be provided They concentrate the oil in thick surface standard specifies a risk assessment method by manufacturers. ISO 17325-1 will help layers that are easier to pick by skimmers to protect the marine environment from manufacturers and users to select booms Yet it is only from 1966, when American and other collection methods. by Michel Hennemand the potential negative impact of biocidally by technical criteria. carriers successfully set out to conquer active substances that are intentionally used North Atlantic traffic, that containeriza- in anti-fouling. Ongoing challenge When truck driver Malcolm McLean invented the shipping con- tion truly expanded. It was ISO’s official SC 2 helps implement tainer, he had no idea he had just started a revolution in the field of standardization of container dimensions in Today more than ever, the world is challenging aspects 1965 that helped ensure the international increasingly conscious of the impact that freightage. The revolution driven by the containerization of cargo success of this innovation. of environmental human activities are having on our environ- continues to grow, and might still be able to surprise us. regulations. Several categories of containers were ment. The work of SC 2 has never been specified : 10 ft (10 feet long, designated more relevant. As technology evolves and Although containers were created in the The multimodal revolution 1D), 20 ft (1C), 30 ft (1B) and 40 ft (1A) th use of the oceans continues to increase, 19 century, their international standardi- containers. Today, only 20 ft and 40 ft The fast development of “ cellular ” SC 2 is also developing ISO 17325-1, SC 2 will continue to develop practical zation only dates back to World War II. containers are still used, together with container ships created by McLean and his Ships and marine technology – Marine International Standards to take care of Malcolm McLean, was an American 45 ft containers standardized subsequently. environment protection – Part 1 : Oil booms our planet.  entrepreneur who owned a trucking company, the Pan-Atlantic Steam Ship Corp. (later to become Sea-Land) were about to company on the East Coast of the USA. Wise and visionary As a truck driver, he began transporting revolutionize combined sea-land transporta- About the authors cargo in big boxes that he used on railway tion systems by achieving productivity gains The fact that as early as 1965, inter- platforms and then loaded onto ships. He on very costly cargo handling operations. national experts were able to agree on Dr. Carolyn Dr. Koichi Yoshida made significant time savings by simply globally accepted dimensions that helped E. Junemann joined the Research eliminating break-bulk operations. McLean bring about the container revolution, was serves as Secre- Institute of Marine is thus regarded as the inventor of the Lack of standards an outstanding achievement. We can only tariat of ISO/TC 8, Engineering in shipping container. was an obstacle admire these men and women who, almost Ships and marine 1976. In 2001, His company, Sea-Land, was the first half a century ago, had such wisdom and technology, SC 2, he moved to the to implement a truly “ multimodal ” land to the development vision for the future. Marine environ- National Maritime and sea service using a steel container as of transport. ment protection. Research Institute the loading unit. His ships became the first She is a graduate to become Director container ships. of the State University of New York of the International Cooperation Center. The first purpose-built container ships Between McLean’s Ideal X, carrying Maritime College and Tulane University For 10 years he chaired IMO’s fire protec- were officially constructed in 1972 and their 58 boxes in April 1956, and today’s mega School of Public Health. tion subcommittee and now chairs the use spread with unprecedented speed as part ships with a capacity of 18 000 TEUs organization’s greenhouse gas working of a global movement commonly referred (20 foot equivalent units), we have come group. He is also Chair of ISO/TC 8/SC 2. to as the container revolution. a long way !

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What about today ? In Europe, “ swap bodies ” whose stand- ards are defined by the European Commit- The container industry has matured and tee for Standardization (CEN) also have continues to expand at a surprising pace dimensions different from ISO. despite the economic crisis (with the global In the future, Asian countries might also fleet growing by more than 10 % per year). develop a regional standard, and the Pacific Work on ISO container standards is area already uses 53 ft containers on some regularly making progress through the international routes. work of technical committee ISO/TC 104, It is worth noting that the dimensions of Freight containers. North American domestic containers are Recently, it was agreed that the basic very similar to those of European swap standards on weights and dimensions which bodies. In certain countries, the lack of clear determine all other standards – ISO 1496- standards was identified as an obstacle to 1:1990, Series 1 freight containers – the development of multimodal transport. Specification and testing –Part 1 : General cargo containers for general purposes, and ISO 668:1995, Series 1 freight con- ISO’s container tainers – Classification, dimensions and dimensions ensured Standards work involves long cycles. The ratings, will be revised to incorporate all the international success global economic crisis has driven industry the amendments adopted during the past leaders to reduce, and understandably so, 10 years. of this innovation. their non-directly productive workforce. A crucial standard for all containerization This explains, for the most part, why it is so Worried activities, ISO 1161:1984, Series 1 freight difficult to find experts who are available to containers – Corner fittings – Specifica- Thus, we can legitimately ask whether or participate in standardization, particularly tion, will be reviewed to take into account, not time has come to develop a new series in the transport industry. you’ve forgotten among others, new operations requirements. of standards on containers (series 2) which, However, it is absolutely vital that given the significant investments required standardization work advance in order to The need for harmonization by the industry, would replace the current achieve quality and safety improvements something really series of standards (series 1) in the next necessary to ensure the development and However, as far as land transport is 20 or 25 years. growth of the industry. concerned, we have seen overtime the I hope this call to action will encourage development of disparate regional standards. Experts needed greater participation from all stakehold- important ? In North America, domestic containers, ers – much needed to bring the industry complying with local regulations, use dimen- I would like to conclude on one aspect, back on the same page and further boost sions other than those of ISO containers which I believe is particularly crucial in global trade.  and have now settled on a length of 53 ft. this context.

About the author Photo : © Lionel Egger Photo Michel Hennemand is a mechani- cal engineer. He started his career as Manager of the Technical Depart- ment of transport ISO/IEC 27001 for Small Businesses equipment manu- facturer Bignier- Neglecting to take adequate care of your effective way to protect information Available from ISO national member Schmid-Laurent. He then moved to organization’s information assets is assets. And it’s not just for large institutes (listed with contact details Consani Engineering Pty Ltd, where defi nitely cause for worry. Information organizations. ISO/IEC on the ISO Website at www.iso.org) he took the position of Director of the and from the ISO Central Secretariat may concern the organiza- 27001 27001 for Small Business- IS I O /E I C Webstore at www.iso.org/isostore Paris office. He worked for Magyar SA tion’s products, processes for Small Businesses es – Practical advice takes or e-mail to [email protected]. as Director of the Combined Transport or markets. It may be sensi- Practical advice the mystery out of infor- Department, and joined Bureau Veritas as tive information entrusted by mation security and pre- Director of the Transport Department for customers, suppliers or sents a practical, clearly more than 20 years. Today, Mr. Henne- stakeholders. Failure to pro- explained step-by-step mand is President of the Bureau Interna- International Organization tect that information can ruin approach for SMEs to for Standardization – www.iso.org tional des Containers (BIC), and is Chair the organization. Implement- implement an ISMS. of ISO/TC 104, subcommittee SC 1, Central Secretariat ing an information security The best remedy to 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse General purpose containers. management system (ISMS) worry is taking action Case postale 56

based on ISO/IEC 27001 is an 08.09.2010 10:11:46 to remove the cause. CH-1211 Genève 20

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ISO 27001-Small Businesses-E-Cove 22 © ISO Focus+, www.iso.org/isofocus+ ISO Focus+ April 2012 © ISO Focus+, www.iso.org/isofocus+ a Steering success 1. Performance assessment 8. Survival equipment 14. Maritime port security ISO maritime solutions are key to supporting what is perhaps the most international of all industries. of ship trials (ISO 15016) for survival craft and rescue (ISO 20858) ISO standards address topics such as life-saving and fire protection, navigation and ship operations, ship design, boats (ISO 18813) pipes and machinery, environmental impact, supply chain security, freight containers, maritime structures, etc. 2. New safety codes for non-ISO 15. Environmental management freight containers of shipboard garbage Here are just some examples among hundreds of others. 9. Breathing apparatus for ships (ISO 6346 – under revision) (ISO 23269) (ISO 21070) 3. Supply chain security 10. Marine evacuation means 16. Ship recycling (ISO 28000) of communication (ISO 27991) (ISO 30000) 4. Plans for fire protection, 11. Manoeuvring of ships 17. Privately contracted armed life-saving appliances (ISO13643 – under development) security personnel and escape (ISO 17631) (ISO 28007 – under development) 12. Inflatable life-saving appliances 5. Drawings for fire protection (ISO 18079 – under development) (ISO 17338) 13. Ship machinery operations 6. Safety signs (ISO 24409-1) in polar waters (ISO 18215 – under development) 7. Fire-extinguishing systems for galley cooking equipment (ISO 15371)

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The TC’s last meeting, back in May 2011 Gabon – Moving up ! Jim Pyle was one of the longest serving structure and identical text given in the Draft in Paris, was very successful with the greatest members of ISO/TC 176, having attended its ISO Guide 83, which may in the future participation since the committee’s inception. Gabon became the latest country to join second meeting in 1982. He was also one of become the basis for all ISO management A number of important decisions were taken, ISO as a full-fledged member. Gabon has the most accomplished, having been : system standards. now advanced beyond its previous status as ISO General Assembly 2012 including the decision to disband ISO/TC 155’s • Convener of the working group for both Dr. Nigel H. Croft, Chair of ISO/TC 176 a correspondent member of ISO. subcommittees in order to focus on essential ISO 9001:1987 and for ISO 9001:1994 subcommittee SC 2, Quality systems, paid The 2012 ISO General Assembly Attached to the Ministry of the Economy, technical work and eliminate time lost to • Member of the ISO/TC 176/SC 2 Plan- this tribute to Jim Pyle : “ While Jim Pyle will take place from 19 to 21 September in Trade, Industry and Tourism, the Agency for administration. ning and Operations Task Group for both was an outstanding contributor to the work San Diego, California, USA. This 35th ISO Standardization and Technology Transfer The newsletter provided TC participants ISO 9001:2000 and ISO 9001:2008 of the TC, and to the development of ISO General Assembly will be hosted by the [Agence de normalisation et de transfert de with a list of 19 International Standards which • Representative of the TC in helping management system standards in general, American National Standards Institute (ANSI). were subject to review up until December 2011. technologie (ANTT)] represents Gabon in ISO. many experts will remember him mainly The General Assembly is the highest gov- ANTT has responsibilities in both the com- other groups and other committees in the Results of the consultation will be circulated development of standards based on the for his cheerfulness, and for his ability to erning body of ISO and brings together key during the first semester of 2012. mercial and industrial sectors. Its mission is to make everyone in his teams feel as if they decision-makers in the world of standardiza- carry out work on standardization, accredita- management system model pioneered in the Subject to confirmation, ISO/TC 155’s next ISO 9000 series : ISO/TC 207 for ISO 14001, had been able to participate in the work, tion. As ISO Secretary-General Rob Steele meeting will take place in Brazil in 2013. tion, certification and the promotion of quality even those attending for the first time. His wrote in the invitation to all ISO member in manufacturing. It has been assigned the task ISO/TC 67 for ISO 29001, ISO/TC 210 Kevin W. Knight AM, Chair of ISO/PC 262, for ISO 13485, ISO/TC 34 for ISO 22000, knowledge and expertise are something that bodies, correspondent and subscriber members, of setting up an appropriate framework for discusses risk management. we shall miss.” “ It is an opportunity for all ISO members to the development of metrology. It is also in the International Automotive Task Force ISO/TC 34 get the most from their membership by sharing Newsletter charge of promoting national policy on mat- (IATF) for ISO/TS 16949.

ISO/TC 34 awarded ! ISO standards veteran Information related to ISO ters of standardization, quality management ideas and best practice, making useful contacts /TC 34, Food products Grant Purdy made a presentation on the N°10 PUBLICATIONS (Sept .2011- Dec. 2011 1 receives Russian honour in the standardization field and shaping the ) and the transfer of technologies. ƒ ISO 14470 Food irradiation -- Requirements ƒ ISO 7700-2 Food products -- Checking the theory behind ISO risk standards whilst Gerard for the development, validation and routine performance of moisture meters in use -- Part 2: control of the process of irradiation using Moisture meters for oilseeds ionizing radiation for the treatment of food This change in status, which officially began global standardization agenda.” This part of ISO 7700 specifies a method of This International Standard specifies requirements Joyce discussed the implementation of risk checking the performance of moisture meters in Béatrice Frey, who retired in 2011 after 39 for the development, validation and routine control service for measuring the moisture content of of the process of irradiation using ionizing radiation oilseeds. In addition to the General Assembly plenary for the treatment of food, and establishes This part of ISO 7700 is not applicable in case of from January 2012, will permit ANTT to take guidelines for meeting the requirements. pattern approval neither for initial calibration of standards. This was followed by a panel ses- years of service to ISO, was recently honoured NOTE 1 Requirements in this moisture meters. consistent with those International Standard are The results of the verification described in this part Alimentarius Commission (developed by the Codex of ISO 7700 are used to evaluate whether to check part in different aspects of ISO’s technical work sessions and an open session on innovation 2003 and C CAC/RCP 19-1979, Rev. 2- odex Stan 106-1983, Rev. 1-2003 fully or to repair the moisture meter. sion where the audience posed questions to the by the award of Russia’s V.V. Boitsov medal This International Standard covers ). irradiation For built and pattern approval specifications, refer processes using the radionuclides to OIML R 59. electron beams or X-ray generators. and sustainability, the full week’s timetable 60 and, especially, in voting on the acceptance of Co or 137 It was reviewed under the responsibility The requirements given in this InternationalCs, ISO experts. The panel was chaired by ISO/PC 34/SC 2. for “ achievements in the field of standardiza- Standard are the minimum nec food irradiation process. ISO/TC essary to control the NOTE 2 The requirements can ƒ International Standards. As Tidzani Malem, will include meetings organized by the ISO safety management system (se ISO 7970 Wheat (Triticum aestivum be addressed by a food Specification 262 Chair, Kevin Knight, and consisted of tion and quality ”. e ISO 22000). This International Standard does not specify L.) -- requirements for the primary production and/or This International Standard establishes minimum Committee on developing country matters harvesting, postharvest treatment, storage and specifications for wheat ( Director-General of ANTT said, “ By integrat- shipment, and packaging for foods that are to be intended for human consumptionTriticum and aestivumwhich is the ISO experts from Australia, Canada, Ireland, Mrs. Frey, who was Head of the Bureau irradiated. Only those aspects of the food subject of international trade. L.) production directly related to the irradiation process (ISO/DEVCO), the Technical Management that may affect the safety It was reviewed under the responsibility ing completely into this organization, Gabon food are addressed. or quality of the irradiated 34/SC 4 Cereals and pulses. Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the of the ISO Secretary-General, was presented […] ISO/TC The application of this International Standard does not exempt the user from ƒ ISO 27871| IDF 224 Cheese and processed will gain several advantages. ISO ensures Board and the Council. and applicable legislation. cheese -- Determination of the nitrogenous compliance with current IMPORTANT Attention is drawn to regulatory and fractions USA. The panel debated and responded to a with her award on 17 February by Mr. Grigory legal requirements that possibly exist for the irradiation and sale of irradiated food and the This International Standard specifies a method for Further information about this important requirement for authorization to irradiate food. determining the nitrogenous fractions in cheeses its members, of which ANTT will be one, and processed cheese from cow milk. diverse range of questions from the audience. I. Elkin, CEO of ISO’s member for Russia, It was developed under the responsibility ISO/TC 34, Food products It was developed under the responsibility ISO/TC event will be sent to interested parties in 34/SC 5 Milk and milk products and the administrative and technical support and the International Dairy Federation (IDF). Post-event feedback has been extremely GOST R, in Moscow. 1 Main publications of last months. coordination of a decentralized programme the months to come : the General Assembly positive with delegates finding the forum to be Mr. Elkin commented, “ Béatrice Frey has

programme, Website URL, draft agenda, all to develop standards. It also publishes those informative and engaging. Due to the forum’s accomplished so much to ensure successful working documents and the open session standards and other technical documents.” success, NSAI plans to run future events in ISO General Assemblies and other events of programme. ANTT is currently working on standards conjunction with international meetings to the organization, while always supporting For any questions or information about the in the sectors of agribusiness, construction further promote the world of standardization the national standards body of the Russian General Assembly or other events during that Glorious (and inglorious) food and tourism. to the Irish business community. These future Federation ”. In response, Mrs. Frey, who week, please contact ISO’s Event Manager events will be promoted through the NSAI speaks five languages including Russian, Susanne Ask at [email protected]. Congratulations are in order for ISO tech- Website : www.NSAI.ie. expressed her thanks for receiving a medal nical committee ISO/TC 34, Food products. The NSAI is Ireland’s official standards th which is so important to standardization Back in September, at the 34 ISO General and measurement body and the state agency in Russia. Assembly, ISO/TC 34 was presented with vested with the responsibility to manage the The late Jim Pyle. Tributes to Mrs. Frey were also paid by Newsletter ISO/TC 155 N 222 the Lawrence D. Eicher Leadership Award ISO/TC 155 dardization policy instruments of Standards, Metrology previous recipients of the Boitsov medal, 2012 ) February Nickel and nickel alloys stan N°1 ( Gabon for excellence in creative and innovative and Conformity Assessment (in the form of His final role was as the Convener of the Mr. Korechkov, Minister for Technical TC 155 Nickel and nickel alloys standards development. Certification and Agrément) on behalf of the ISO Technical Management Board Joint Regulation of the Euro-Asian Standardization Welcome to the First Newsletter ISO/ • ISO Website for standard developers standardization • How International Standards drive innovation – ISO Focus+ November- The latest ISO/TC 34 newsletter was issued In this issue : • ISO/TC 155 8th meeting in 2011 December 2011 Department of Jobs, Enterprise and Innovation. Technical Coordination Group Task Force 1, Cooperation (EASC), and Mr. Belobragin, • Systematic review 2011 • ISO publication on Methodology for • Ferronickel sampling Study Group SG02 Economic benefices from standards at the end of December 2011, giving a sum- which led the development of the high level GOST R standards veteran.  rd th meeting May 2011nd and 3 2011 ISO/TC 155 8 mary of all the new International Standards ISO/TC 155 held its last meeting on May 2 in Paris, hosted by ERAMET. ISO 9000 veteran passes away Thanks to driving force of different partners from both and technical specifications published by standardization and industry sides, having lead to the largest participation since the beginning of ISO/TC 155: 32 delegates from 8 countries, all quite motivated by exchanging their views on ISO/TC155 future work this TC. The newsletter also announced a Jim Pyle, a veteran British member of ISO programme.

The objective of such meeting was mainly to discuss organisation, wok programme, planning and steering of the ISO/TC 155. number of New Work Item Proposals and technical committee ISO/TC 176, Quality Main outputs During the two days meeting, several topics were discussed : • Subcommittees are disbanded to allow a better resource allocation to technical problems by limiting Draft International Standards. management and quality assurance, and one those devoted to the administrative structure • Two Study Groups were implemented, the first one (SG 01) on Ferronickel analysis by X-Ray Fluorescence and the second one (SG 02) on ferronickel sampling. • Nickel alloys specifications were subjects to discussion:an enquiry in the to past define due theto lack need of participants,for revision ofduring such Among the subjects of newly published of the shapers of the ISO 9000 family, passed systematic reviews, several standards were confirmed, despite the need of technical revision expressed by some countries. ISO/TC 155 Secretariat will launch standards, amongst TC members, but also through industrial federation members. • The ISO 6283 “Refined nickel” standard was discussed: a revision is to be considered to introduce a documents are issues ranging from food safety away on 12 February 2012. 4th level of purity. been already prepared, and a consultation to register the • A future new work item proposal was discussed, aiming at developing a standard referee method of analysis of nickel alloys by ICP-OES. A draft has item is on the way. (such as food irradiation) to coffee and the He had participated in ISO/TC 176 since • Next meeting: Brazil suggested to hold theThe next meeting meeting minutes in 2013 can (to be be obtained confirmed) through the Secretariat. Risk management, times two finer points of taste. it was set up in 1979, although his involve- d by ISO shall be subject to systematic review Systematic review 2011 ed, revised/amended, converted to another form of What is it? Every International Standard and other deliverable publishe Among the many new work item propos- To coincide with the recent meeting of ISO ment really pre-dates ISO 9000. Working in order to determine whether it should be confirm deliverable, or withdrawn. This process is launched automatically every 5 years (3 years for first review).Page 1 / 3 als, few are appetizing but all are essential project committee ISO/PC 262, Risk manage- in the procurement department of British to keeping hazards out of the food chain : the ment, a public risk forum event was hosted Telecommunications, which used internal detection of salmonella and escherichia coli, by NSAI (National Standards Authority of quality standards for products and services, Spreading nickel news the determination of water-soluble chlorides Ireland) in Dublin City centre. he participated in developing guidance for the content in animal feedstuffs, among others. The forum entitled “ Risk appetite and risk British Standards Institution quality manage- ISO technical committee ISO/TC 155, The TC also brings its expertise to bear on attitude : Setting limits and keeping within the ment standard BS 5750, which was one of the Nickel and nickel alloys, launched its first issues of transport and storage of food, both limits ” was a unique opportunity for Irish risk source documents for the ISO 9000 series. newsletter this year. refrigerated and frozen. practitioners to meet and listen to the inter- When BSI and other national standards bod- This new publication is intended to encour- The next TC 34 meeting will be held in national experts as well as to network with ies promoted the development of International age closer links, better synergy between par- Nairobi, Kenya in April 2012, which will fellow practitioners. There was a high level Standards on quality management and quality ticipants in the TC, in order to better exploit also feature an ISO regional workshop for of interest amongst the Irish risk community assurance, he was invited to be one of the British Mrs. Frey is presented with the V.V. Boitsov medal by Mr. Elkin, CEO of ISO’s member for the limited resources at its disposal. African countries. with over 100 people in attendance. experts on the new ISO/TC 176 committee. Russian, GOST R.

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CDC Consumers,CDC Developing – Consumers, Countries, ConformityDeveloping Assessment Countries, Conformity Assessment

export markets through mutual recognition To this aim, ISO and IAF developed an agreement (MRA) strategies. eight-point action plan. One of the actions ISO Consumer The event was organized by the Bangla- of this plan is to implement a visible desh Accreditation Board, the Bangladesh complaint mechanism easily accessible by Standard and Testing Institute and the United the general consumer. In 2010, ISO imple- National Industrial Development Organiza- mented a complaints portal on its Website : update tion. It was arranged in collaboration with www.iso.org/iso/mss_complaints. ISO, IEC and ITU. International experts It is often very difficult for consumers to from organizations including the Interna- identify with whom a complaint should be Bringing standards home tional Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation filed, and what to do when a satisfactory (ILAC), International Accreditation Forum response is not received. The complaints to consumers (IAF), International Bureau of Weights and mechanism sets out the responsibilities of Measures (BIPM), International Organiza- the various organizations (ISO, IAF and tion for Legal Metrology (OIML), as well ILAC) with regard to handling complaints. interest to consumers) from ISO and its the ISO’s Website, as well as Websites as from UNIDO, presented papers at the The objective is to make it easier for people partner, the International Electrotechnical of related international organizations workshop.  to understand the process and submit a Commission (IEC). dealing with consumer issues. complaint. ISO acts as facilitator between ISO/COPOLCO is ISO’s forum for Please see www.iso.org/sites/ the complainant and the certified company promoting consumer interests in stand- eNewsletters/COPOLCO/archive.html and/or certification body. ardization. Its mission is to enhance the for back issues and a link to the subscrip- MSS complaints The complaints mechanism also enables market relevance of International Standards tion page. mechanism ISO to gauge if there is a specific prob- by promoting and facilitating the input More information and enquiries : contact lem in a particular region of the world. It of consumers’ views into ISO’s policies, us at [email protected]. monitors the number of complaints from procedures, standards and services – and ISO Consumer update is also available in Ahsan Manzil Palace, Dhaka, Bangladesh. by Sean MacCurtain the different regions and countries each to help consumers around the world benefit French through the Réseau Normalisation Certification to ISO management systems year to determine if any further actions are from standardization. et Francophonie, www.lernf.org. Contact standards (such as ISO 9001, ISO 14001, required. Where there are a high number In many cases, it is not easy for a national Alain Durand at alain [email protected].  Conformity ISO 22000) has achieved major visibility, of complaints coming in a specific region, standards body to engage effectively with with over one million certificates issued ISO determines what, if any, action needs consumer interests in its country. A variety of Dana Kissinger-Matray, Secretary of ISO/COPOLCO. assessment for around the world. to be undertaken to address the problem.  by Dana Kissinger-Matray factors can get in Asian developing To this end, ISO positively promotes the the way : physical “ ISO brand ”, including the actual imple- Sean MacCurtain, Secretary of ISO Committee ISO’s eNewsletter for consumers, ISO for conformity assessment. Consumer update, offers a convenient, distance, compet- economies mentation of its standards, and strives to one-stop and concise source of news about ing priorities, an ensure certification is performed and used ways that standards are positively impacting unfocused con- A two-day international workshop on in a way that builds its credibility in the consumers’ health, safety and marketplace sumer movement, “ Conformity assessment for Asian devel- market. Monitoring accredited certification is influence. or lack of aware- oping economies ” in Dhaka, Bangladesh, therefore of common interest to Many readers will agree, since its launch ness by consumer in February 2012 brought together 65 ISO and the Interna- in January 2010, ISO Consumer update’s associations of participants from different specialized tional Accreditation subscription base has expanded to over the importance areas such as accreditation officials, Forum (IAF), in view 2 500 readers (end 2011), more than double of standards. ISO policy-makers and regulators, industrial- of the exponential the figure for the previous year. Consumer update ists, laboratory professionals, academicians growth of certificates, ISO Consumer update is an initiative of helps to over- and telecom sector specialists from eight especially in develop- the ISO Committee on consumer policy come the deficit Asian countries. ing economies. (ISO/COPOLCO). It provides a concise in consumers’ The objective of the workshop was to update of ISO’s activities related to standards understanding promote synergy in developing countries and consumer protection. This eNewsletter is of the benefits to provide a better understanding of the primarily for the members and stakeholders that standards specific requirements for conformity of ISO/COPOLCO, but is also of interest can bring ; spe- assessments related to ISO, International to other stakeholders who wish to stay cific examples Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and informed of new trends in standards and of national and International Telecommunication Union legislation affecting consumers. international ini- (ITU) standards and the extent to which ISO Consumer update brings news about tiatives for con- the existing infrastructure can be used as recent and forthcoming events within sumer protection a basis for electrotechnical and informa- ISO/COPOLCO and its liaison organizations, illustrate this. tion technology communications-related including relevant workshops and training ISO Consumer activities. events, and news about national consumer update also Three key areas of trade were discussed protection-related standards and legislation points to con- at the workshop : domestic production for in ISO/COPOLCO member countries. venient links to the local market ; conformity assessment It also has a section on newly published resources for verification for imported products ; and International Standards (of particular consumers on provisions to improve confidence in potential

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CDC Consumers, Developing Countries, Conformity Assessment

organized in the framework of the ISO Action Plan for Developing Countries 2011-2015. 

Martin Chesire,Project Manager of Development and Training Services, ISO Central Secretariat.

ISO Secretaries’ Week Wouldn’t it by Glenn Bosmans Photo : © Lionel Egger Photo ISO Central Secretariat hosted the 10th ISO Secretaries’ Week training session in be great February 2012. Eighteen participants from 10 countries, including ISO technical committee and to feel strong, Participants at the conformity assessment workshop in Seoul, Republic of Korea. subcommittee secretaries, took part in the busy week-long schedule of training. Three separate courses were organized : procedures calm, Workshop focuses ISO regional conformity assessment workshop on certification of persons ( for ISO secretaries ; drafting standards and on certification eServices for ISO secretaries. ISO regional conformity assessment In addition to the course, the participants of persons workshop on certification of persons attended a session of the 3rd ISO Market- (ISO/IEC 17024) ing Forum, which took place at the same ready 2012. 2.6 ~ 2.8 time, focusing on increasing stakeholder by Martin Chesire ISO/IEC 17024) SEOUL, KOREA participation in standardization. ISO regional conformity assessment workshop on certification of persons “ It was an excellent eye opener to many A regional conformity(ISO/IEC 17024) assessment workshop on certification of persons was of the activities, operations of ISO. I liked for Hosted by

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1 it ! Would recommend anytime !, ” said one organized in Seoul, Republic of Korea, in 2

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d by Sponsore 2 participant. . February 2012. The workshop was delivered 8 by ISO Committee on conformity assessment Participants came from Belgium, Canada, anything ? (ISO/CASCO) experts, lead by Dr. Cynthia Hosted by Denmark, Germany, Japan, Kenya, Neth- erlands, Republic of Korea, Sweden and Woodley and Dr. Roy Swift. ored by Spons The three-day workshop provided an Switzerland.  opportunity to learn and understand what Glenn Bosmans,Project Manager of Development is contained in the soon to be published and Training Services, ISO Central Secretariat. standard ISO/IEC 17024, Conformity assessment – General requirements for bodies operating certification of persons. Workshop participants also discussed how valuable the standard had become for vari- ous countries, the purpose of certification and how it relates to a quality workforce. ISO has standards that can help. The principles and specific requirements for creating a certification scheme for persons We’ve all met managers who like to pass private sectors, to manage risk effec- Available from ISO national member were also highlighted. themselves off as “ real tigers ”. But tively. They can make all the difference institutes (listed with contact details Forty participants attended the workshop on the ISO Website at www.iso.org) bluster can often be a mask for a lack between paper tigers and the real from Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei Darus- and from the ISO Central Secretariat of confi dence. Real confi dence comes thing. salam, Cambodia, Fiji, Indonesia, Islamic Webstore at www.iso.org/isostore or e-mail to [email protected]. republic of Iran, Lao people democratic from knowing you have done all in your ISO 31000:2009, Risk management republic, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, power to prepare your organization for Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, anything that an uncertain world can – Principles and guidelines Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Viet Nam throw at it. And the power of confi dence International Organization ISO Guide 73:2009, Risk manage- for Standardization – www.iso.org and the Republic of Korea. can be developed by implementing the ment – Vocabulary The workshop was hosted by the Korean ISO 31000 series for risk management. Central Secretariat 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse Agency for Technology and Standards – These standards enable organizations ISO/IEC 31010, Risk management – Case postale 56 th KATS, ISO member for the country, and Participants at the 10 ISO Secretaries’ Week in Geneva, Switzerland. of all types and sizes, in both public and Risk assessement techniques CH-1211 Genève 20

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Tiger ad.indd 1 2011-03-30 11:23:15 a

Management Solutions Management Solutions

Environmental The 25 recommendations In total, the Future Challenges Study Group tabled 25 recommendations for consideration in the new revision of ISO 14001 : 1. When considering new requirements in a revised version of ISO 14001, 14. Strengthen (on a strategic level) the relationship between environmental management one should remember that the EMS standard is a tool to improve management and the core business of an organization, i.e. its products environmental management – thus new requirements should not be and services and the interaction with stakeholders (including clients set in such way that they only reflect “ best in class ” levels that could and suppliers) ISO 14001 revision is underway dissuade or exclude entry level organizations. The use of “ maturity 15. Use the JTCG’s identical text on “ context of the organization ” to matrices ” should be considered to show how requirements could be strengthen the link between environmental management and the applied in an increasingly comprehensive manner by Susan L.K. Briggs performance improvement, legal compliance, organization’s overall strategy strategic business management, conform- 2. An organization should retain the responsibility to align its ISO 14001 16. Consider the implications of new (strategic) business management ity assessment and national/international processes with its environmental and business priorities models in applying ISO 14001 ISO 14001, one of ISO’s most successful management system policy agendas. 3. Strengthen focus on subjects such as : 17. Draft clear and unambiguous ISO 14001 requirements standards, is shortly to undergo its second revision to ensure that it The study group also analyzed the obsta- • Transparency and accountability in environmental management 18. Provide clearer guidance in Annex A to avoid misinterpretation of remains relevant over the next two decades. Since it was first pub- cles and opportunities to increase uptake of issues and performance the requirements ISO 14001 in small organizations, to control lished in 1996, ISO 14001:2004, Environmental management systems • Value chain influence and responsibility 19. Maintain the applicability of ISO 14001 to SMEs, e.g. by drafting environmental impact in the value/supply 4. Express environmental management more clearly as contributing to simple and understandable requirements – Requirements with guidance for use, has been adopted by well over chain, engage stakeholders, and commu- sustainable development [the key pillar of social responsibility (SR)] 20. Consider the information given in the European Committee for 250 000 certified users in 155 countries worldwide. nicate externally. 5. Broaden/clarify the concept of “ Prevention of pollution ” Standardization’s CEN Guide 17, Guidance for writing standards taking In addition to these two significant actions, into account micro, small and medium-sized enterprise (SMEs) needs the mandate requires the basic principles and 6. Consider addressing other environmental principles from ISO 26000 existing requirements of ISO 14001:2004 (social responsibility), Clause 6.5 21. Address life cycle thinking and the value chain perspectives more be retained and improved (see box). 7. Consider aligning language between ISO 26000 and ISO 14001 clearly in the identification and evaluation of environmental aspects related to products and services 8. Clarify the ISO 14001 requirements for improving environmental performance 22. Include clear requirements and guidance on environmental strategy, Early accomplishments 9. Strengthen performance evaluation as part of ISO 14001 4.5.1 (e.g. design and development, purchasing, and marketing and sales use of indicators) ; consider how performance evaluation is addressed The initial Berlin meeting of ISO/TC 207 activities, in alignment with organizational priorities in ISO 14031 (environmental performance evaluation), ISO 50001 summarized the ISO standards development (energy management), and in the EMAS III (EU Eco-Management and 23. Introduce a more systematic approach to identifying, consulting and process for WG members, established a time- Audit Scheme) and GRI (Global Reporting Initiative) communicating with stakeholders on environmental issues, based line and code of conduct, reviewed details on the JTCG text 10. Communicate the approach to and mechanism of achieving legal in the two key reports forming the basis 24. Introduce a requirement to establish an external communication Photo : Rita Krutzky/DIN e. V. compliance in ISO 14001 (e.g. in the Annex) for the revision, and provided guidelines strategy, including communication objectives, identification of relevant 11. Address the concept of “ demonstration of the commitment to legal Dr. Torsten Bahke, Director of DIN (centre) seen with 42 experts and NGOs from 25 countries on writing standards – particularly taking interested parties, and a description of what and when to communicate gathered at the Berlin meeting of ISO/TC 207 WG 5 to initiate the ISO 14001 revision process. into account the needs of SMEs. compliance ” 25. Provide guidance to external interested parties in the Annex on information Among early accomplishments of the 12. Consider including the concept of demonstrating knowledge and related to the environmental aspects of products and services. Recently, over 40 experts from some 25 integration of multiple MSS into an organiza- meeting, the WG : understanding of the organization’s compliance status countries, members of ISO/TC 207, Envi- tion’s management system. Although new • Developed draft operating principles 13. Emphasize the strategic considerations, benefits and opportunities ronmental management, the ISO technical standards have been developed using this of environmental management for organizations in the introduction • Began the process of integrating committee that developed ISO 14001, structure, the revision of ISO 14001 will be and requirements sections gathered at the Berlin headquarters of DIN, the first in which an existing MSS has been ISO 14001:2004 requirements into the the German Institute for Standardization, to recast into the standardized format and text. JTCG MSS structure and text discuss key issues related to the mandate for Second is the final report of the ISO/TC 207 • Brainstormed key issues and concerns WG 5, the working group responsible for SC 1, Environmental management systems, related to each clause. These will be WG members British Standards Institution (BSI) and About the author the revision process. Following is a report of Future Challenges for EMS Study Group, discussed at future meetings and evalu- Katherina Wührl of the German Institute WG 5 membership represents 25 coun- recommendations and early accomplishments. which evaluated the potential implications ated for inclusion in the next revision. for Standardization (DIN) share joint Susan L.K. Briggs tries. It is comprised equally of newcomers of evolving stake- secretariat responsibilities. is Director of Two significant actions holder expecta- to the ISO standards process, bringing fresh Environment, tions and new views and perspectives, and those seasoned Health and Safety The mandate requires the WG to consider developments in in the ISO processes, some of whom were ISO 14001 will at Textron Systems two significant pieces of work. First, the the field of envi- involved in the initial drafting of ISO 14001 shortly undergo in Massachusetts, work of the ISO Technical Management ronmental man- during the early 1990s, and therefore provide its second revision. USA. She holds a Board (TMB) Joint Technical Coordination agement systems valuable historical context. Bachelor’s degree Group (JTCG) on the High Level Structure (EMS) since 1996. Susan L.K. Briggs, representing the in natural science for Management System Standards (MSS), Eleven themes American National Standards Institute Next meeting from Harvard University. Susan Briggs is covering identical text, common terms and were analyzed, Photo : Rita Krutzky/DIN e. V. (ANSI), is Convener of the WG, with the Chair of the US Technical Advisory core definitions. including sustain- Horacio Martirena, of the Latin American WG 5 will next meet at the ISO/TC 207 Group to ISO/TC 207 on environmental From left : Katherina Wührl (Secretariat, DIN), Susan Briggs Its aim is to standardize the structure and able development, (Convener, USA), Dr. Thorsten Bahke (Director of DIN), Mike Henigan Institute for Quality Assurance (INLAC), Plenary meeting in Bangkok, Thailand, management, and has been a member of core requirements of MSS to facilitate the environmental (Secretariat, BSI), Horatio Martirena (Vice-Convener, Argentina). as Vice-convener. Mike Henigan of the 24-30 June 2012.  TC 207/SC 1 since 2000.

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Management Solutions

falsification of environmental data in Quality and consistency major organizations. As a result, the public of audits increasingly questioned the credibility of these companies’ certifications. To improve the quality of certification auditors, certification bodies will review JIREC is formed their own procedures in accordance with the JIREC council’s auditor competence In response to this problem, the Japanese model. This action was requested in the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry guidelines because of claims from certified developed “ Guidelines for the improve- organizations about poor quality of auditors ment of management system certification ”, and variability of audits. The council has published in 2008. also invited auditor evaluation registration Japanese accreditation bodies and bodies in Japan to revise their auditor train- some certification bodies then set up the ing programmes. JIREC council to discuss implementation Mount Fuji overlooking skyscrapers crowding the cityscape panorama of Roppongi, Tokyo, Japan. of these guidelines. Participants included Disclosure representatives from Japan Accreditation Disclosure is very important to ensure Board (JAB), Japan Institute for Promo- greater transparency of accreditation tion of Digital Economy and Community Cocoon Tower in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. and certification for the Japanese public. Management system (JIPDEC), and volunteers from Japan Accreditation bodies will agree with their Association of Management System Once any violations become public, the accredited certification bodies to publish Certification Bodies accredited by JAB accreditation body will confirm whether basic accreditation information and to add and/or JIPDEC. certification the certification body has been monitoring a summary of accreditation assessments to Several working groups were established its certified organizations and will review their Websites (see Figure 2). This will to develop action plans, and reports were the certification body’s response during enable members of the public to under- Japan’s drive to boost credibility compiled and presented by the council in accreditation audits. stand how accreditation bodies evaluate 2009 and 2010. Since August 2011, the certification bodies. by Takashi Horie The catalyst for developing the JIREC had grown steadily and most of Japan’s top accreditation bodies and participating cer- Accuracy scheme was a succession of serious system companies were certified. The number of tification bodies have implemented a series Certification bodies will confirm the n Japan, accreditation bodies failures in major Japanese companies from new certifications then levelled off. of action plans outlined below. The JIREC scheme I 2005. Before this, the number of certifications From 2005, Japan saw increased instances accuracy of their clients’ statement of cer- and some accredited certifi- is gaining participants to ISO 9001 for quality management and of serious product failure, cover-ups False information tification scope during certification audits. cation bodies have voluntar- ISO 14001 for environmental management of recalls, and green-washing by the They will also monitor how clients describe and proving a success. ily established a cooperative Certification bodies will clarify, in their their scope and, if necessary, request that internal procedures or contracts with certi- organizations improve the description of scheme, the Japan Initiative for Japan Initiative for Reliability Enhancement of Certification (JIREC) fied organizations, the rules and penalties their certified scope. Accreditation bodies Accreditation bodies will also clarify the Reliability Enhancement of Cer- Certified (suspension or withdrawal of certification) will confirm certification bodies’ imple- reason for any suspension or withdrawal tification (JIREC, see Figure 1). Accreditation body Certification body (CB) organizations that apply when intentionally false informa- mentation of this requirement. of accreditation when such sanction is They aim to promote JIREC tion is found during audits. Accreditation This action was included in the guide- announced. A programme for certified lines because there had been criticism organizations to disclose certification Response to significant legal vio- Suspend or withdraw bodies will confirm the implementation across the country and improve that certification scopes were sometimes information has also been developed (see lation by certified organizations certification from organizations of these rules. the credibility of management underestimated or exaggerated. Figure 3 on next page). that intentionally provide Certification bodies’ Websites will show system certification. false information the reason for any withdrawal of certification Disclosure of basic information related to intentionally false information. In 1. Basic information : Established in 2009 to help make Japan’s about CB organizations addition, accreditation bodies will record • CB name management system certification plan more Suspend or withdraw such withdrawals in their databases. • Date of accreditation credible, the JIREC scheme is gaining certification from organizations Thorough implementation • Accreditation program participants and proving to be a success. that commit a significant of “ effectiveness audit ” Violations • Outline of the CB It has the following features : legal violation • Type of accreditation assessment • Voluntary participation When a certification body finds that a • Main objective of the assessment • The involvement of accreditation bod- Disclosure of accreditation Accurate statements certified organization has significantly • Outline of witnessing undertaken (type of industry, days allocated for witnessing, ies, certification bodies and certified assessment report of certification scope violated legal requirements, and the cer- organizations tification body judges that the violation is name of organization/s where audit witnessed) • Assigned tasks for participants to Active public relations pro- Improvement in quality related to the certified management system, 2. Assessment conclusion improve the credibility of management gramme to promote accredited of auditors and consistency it will publish the finding on its Website. 3. Outline of assessment : system certification If the violation is not related to the certification schemes of audits • Maintenance/change of MS of the CB • The disclosure of information on their certification scope, the certification body • Specific field/s where the CB has strengthened activities to ensure the transparency will judge whether or not the root cause Programme of disclosure of information about certified organizations Rationale for the assessment conclusion from findings and visibility of the accreditation and behind the violation is linked to the certi- • certification scheme. Figure 1 : Japan Initiative for Reliability Enhancement of Certification (JIREC). fied management system. Figure 2 : Information disclosed following accreditation assessments.

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Information on certified organizations is published on each organization’s Website and the names of organizations publishing such information are listed on the certifica- tion bodies, and JIREC Websites.

Effectiveness audit To enhance the competence of certification bodies to audit the effectiveness of manage- ment systems, accreditation bodies will : • Establish rigorous accreditation programmes • Improve accreditation techniques • Re-educate their assessors and other personnel • Discuss “ effectiveness audits ” with their accredited certification bodies.

The JIREC scheme must attract as many certifica- tion bodies as possible. International harmonization Future issues You have to be

Certification bodies will ensure that their To bring the JIREC scheme in line with In Japan, there are growing numbers of auditors and other personnel fully understand international practice, accreditation bod- certification bodies, and their subcontractors organized. how to audit the effectiveness of manage- ies will introduce the action plans at the and franchisees, that are not accredited. ment systems, and, if necessary, develop International Accreditation Forum (IAF) If the JIREC scheme is to improve the or revise audit techniques. They will also and other international conferences. JAB credibility of management system certifica- ensure that client organizations understand has already presented the action plans tion in Japan, it must encourage participation the nature of an effectiveness audit. and implementation at the International by attracting as many certification bodies Accreditation Forum (IAF) and the ISO 9000 as possible. Public relations programme Advisory Group, comprising the expertise Current participants must ensure that for certification of ISO technical committee ISO/TC 176, these bodies understand the significance of Quality management and quality assurance, the scheme and invite them to be accredited ISO’s “animal ads” The JIREC council has developed informa- the ISO Committee on conformity assess- and join this initiative.  were shortlisted for a prize tion materials to improve end-users’ under- ment (ISO/CASCO) and IAF. in the Corporate Advertising category standing of management system certification IAF, the organization of accreditation of the uropean xcellence schemes and has added these to the JIREC bodies established for mutual recognition About the author wards 2009. Website. These materials clarify that man- of accreditation of certification bodies, has agement system certification is conformity also been developing documents to improve Takashi Horie assessment of a system, not the certification management system certification. is Programme of products, and that the framework of each Many IAF members have expressed Manager, Ac- scheme is based on International Standards interest in the JIREC activities and JAB, creditation Center, The integrated use of management system standards. published by ISO. The JIREC council will con- as a member of IAF, will continue to report Japan Accredita- tinue to enhance these information materials. on JIREC activities to IAF. tion Board (JAB), Organizations face multiple challenges. The integrated use of management Available from ISO national member and is responsible Quality and environmental system standards, explains institutes (listed with contact details 1. Management policy of the organization for managing and management, information how to integrate the required on the ISO Website at www.iso.org) developing ac- and from the ISO Central Secretariat 2. Outline of management objectives for the coming year security, food safety, sup- elements of different standards Webstore at www.iso.org/isostore creditation programmes for certifiers of ply chain security and within the organization’s 3. Management system activities, including products and services or e-mail to [email protected]. management systems (ISO/IEC 17021) occupational health and overall management system. ISBN 978-92-67-10473-7 4. Compliance with legal requirements and products (ISO/IEC Guide 65). He safety among others. More Based on the practical has more than 13 years’ experience of and more are turning to experience of organizations 5. Communication with interested parties, including handling of customer complaints conformity assessment of management International Organization management system stan- large and small, the book for Standardization – www.iso.org 6. Outline of internal audit systems and products, initially in a con- dards (MSS) to help them identifies methodologies, struction company, and then in JAB and ISO Central Secretariat 7. Status of management reviews meet such challenges effi - tools and good practice. 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse the Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade ciently and effectively. The An investment of only 50 Case postale 56 Figure 3 : Information disclosed about certified organizations. and Industry. combined book and CD, Swiss francs. CH-1211 Genève 20

36 © ISO Focus+, www.iso.org/isofocus+ ISO Focus+ April 2012 ISO Focus+ April 2012 © ISO Focus+, www.iso.org/isofocus+ 37

Ad Bees_IUMSS-2008.indd 1 2011-03-30 12:06:40 a

360° 360° Workshop 7-8 March 2012 Geneva Palexpo Making it simple Switzerland Geometrical Fully Networked Car 2012 Product Setting priorities for new ITS standards agenda by Elizabeth Gasiorowski-Denis • Using a layered architectural approach Specifications to planning standardization activity to reconcile the conflicting demands discussions between design, manufacturing and understand, because they often omit or Vehicle connectivity and Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) appli- of standardization and competitive and quality staff, can no longer be used to hide complexities. The shortcomings of the cations are the key priorities where standards development is needed differentiation. fill in the product information that is not examples only become evident when they to meet industry needs. captured in technical drawings. have to be applied to specify real products In addition, there was overall agree- by Henrik S. Nielsen that are typically much more complex. This was the key finding from the 7th Fully • Regional ITS perspectives – The Afri- ment on key areas of improvement for the At first glance, modern GPS standards may standards-setting process, including : GPS helps products Networked Car Workshop that was held can market eometrical Product Speci- therefore appear unnecessarily complex and at the Geneva International Motor Show • ITS communications • Facilitating stakeholder participation G to be made more easily difficult to read. However, this complexity fications (GPS) is the interna- 2012. The workshop was organized by • ITS standards for cooperatives. • Improving existing collaboration and efficiently, using is necessary to provide a sufficiently rigor- the World Standards Cooperation (WSC), among standards development bodies tional symbol language used to fewer resources. ous theoretical basis for the specifications a partnership between IEC, ISO and ITU, Other areas for standardization activity to be unambiguous, even when work pieces • Focusing on vehicle safety in order to express tolerances in technical and attended by automotive experts and to meet industry needs included : have significant geometrical deviations. better engage industry. drawings. It defines the nominal Modern manufacturing requires a robust specialists from around the world. • Electric vehicles – concentrating on geometry of the work pieces Rob Steele, ISO Secretary-General, on the charging element, specifically to The February 2012 issue of ISO’s maga- specification language in which tolerances Making GPS user-friendly behalf of the WSC, said : “ We need to address physical connectivity and data zine ISO Focus+, which was distributed to that make up the product, and are well defined and not open to interpre- It is quite difficult to start learning GPS strengthen our engagement with the auto- communications needs of the charging participants of the Fully Networked Car the tolerances that quantify the tation. Unambiguous specifications allow because the information and rules are spread motive industry and answer their needs. At process Workshop, highlights how International allowable deviations from this the tolerance values to be larger, while still ensuring product function. out in many standards. This ISO, we want to work more closely with • ITS – a need to consider how data col- Standards can help build the car of the future. nominal geometry. The ISO Geometrical Product SpecificationsThis reduces Handbook the cost of the not only our WSC partners, but also with lected from the vehicle could be aggre- At this year’s Fully Networked Car event, This book provides an introduction to Geometrical Product Specificationsproduct (GPS), and the global gives language technicallyfor key standards developing organizations participants also took the opportunity to gated and used to provide information Any time a designspecifying has requirements to be for the captured geometry of components. Throughsophisticated easy-to-understand colour illustrations companies a involved in this field and participating in visit the Kia Motors exhibit and see the and specific examples, it guides the reader through the basic rules for interpreting the graphic GPS language to others using or controlling activity and communicated, andit providesis done a step-by-step using procedure forGPS. tolerancing your componentscompetitive and products using GPS.advantage. this workshop. on the road company’s work in vehicle communica- The book also shows how everyone involved in product realisation, from idea conception to manufacturing and The ISO This global specificationverifi cation, canlanguage benefi t from the use ofenables GPS. This is because GPS tolerancesIn can response express functional requirementsto these market “ Let us be as clear and straightforward as tions, prevention of driver distraction, and more precisely and therefore be made larger, so that components become less expensive to produce. • Safety – harnessing the network to a drawing of a component developed in one factors, the GPS language, Geometrical possible. With convergence of technologies, active vehicle safety features.  enhance situational awareness and country to be sent to another country, where as defined in various ISO Product there is a necessity for us to work much providing driver support to identify Elizabeth Gasiorowski-Denis is Editor in Chief, it can be understood and the component International Standards, Specifications more closely together.” and react to potential hazards ISO Focus+. manufactured. GPS is an effective link, even has developed over the past Handbook The workshop provided insights on how when the designer and supplier do not have coupleDanish Standards of decades. It has standards can improve automotive safety, Kollegievej 6 a common language. It helps products to evolvedDK - 2920 Charlottenlund from a few self- reduce traffic congestion and pollution, and Denmark be made more easily and efficiently, using containedTel. +45 3996 62 12documents writ- Fax +45 3996 61 02 provide a more secure driving experience. fewer resources in the process. tenE-mail for [email protected] craftsmen, to a large Web www.ds.dk Driving the main focus of the discussions ISO has just publishedISO aCentral new Secretariat handbook set of complex and inter- 1, chemin de la Voie-Creuse was how and which standards can speed CH - 1211 Genève 20 giving trainees and otherSwitzerland industry novices related documents written Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 development of the fully networked car and an overview of the fundamentalFax +41 22 733 34 30 rules and for, and by, engineers and E-mail [email protected] its introduction into the market. The work- principles in GPS. It Webwill www.iso.org improve the mathematicians. shop was facilitated by the highly respected common understanding of this established industry leader Richard Parry-Jones, former global language, which is the foundation Rule-based Vice-President (Global Product Develop- for manufacturing and international trade. standardsISBN 978-87-7310-721-8 ment), and Chief Technical Officer at Ford Motor Company. Clearly defined specifications The format has 9changed788773107218 from exam- Through a series of round table panels © ISO/Danish Standards – January 2012 Globalization has greatly increased the ple-basedFirst edition – Printed in Denmarkstandards to and discussions, the workshop explored need for GPS standards that can express rule-based standards. The ISO Geometrical Product Specifications Handbook topics, including : Find your way in GPS Photo : ITU complexGPS geometricalHandbook Cover EN.indd 3 requirements and Example-based stand- • Electric vehicles and electromobility Some 170 key automotive specialists take advantage of round tables to enable interactive relationships unambiguously. Tribal knowl- ards are appealing and • Vehicle safety and driver distraction discussions on core issues. edge within a company, and lunchtime appear easy to read

2012-02-08 10:46:41

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and appreciate how they fit into the overall GPS rules complex, without getting lost in the process. Figure A–37: The meaning of the position tolerance for Figure A–38 shows the meaning of the coaxiality tolerance for the median The ISO handbook also provides a pos- line of the small diameter. Note thatthe weend have face already toleranced the size of the small diameter in figure A–34 in the second point in the tolerancing pro- Start it up cedure. sibly even more important benefit. In another analogy, we can think of the GPS standards

Explanation drawing for figure 4–47 as a combined dictionary and grammar Figure 4–49: guide. Those two alone do not explain to It is very rare that a flatness tolerance is used for a median surface. The ex-y tol- A new suite ample is only included for completeness. an aspiring author how to write a good Cylindricity - story. Similarly, the designer tolerancing Cylindricity is an unrelated form tolerance. This means that cylindricit of software user erances do not use datums, so the tolerance zone can move freely and adjust to the toleranced feature. his or her design will find little guidance - 133 Cylindricity tolerances create surface requirements for cylindrical features. the front face Cylindricity tolerances are used for integral features (real surfaces). Find your way in GPS The meaning of the position tolerance for in the ISO standards on how to apply GPS Find your way in GPS 352 Figure A–61: 331 manuals Find your way in GPS Figure A–41: 327 Finished drawing of the housing tolerancing in a systematic manner. Find your way in GPS The handbook presents the GPS eight- Figure A–42 shows the meaning of the position tolerance for the bearing sur faces. It locks their distance from the bottom face, and orients and locates them relative to the bottom face and the mounting holes. Formally, there are point design procedure, which is a structured two separate tolerance zones, because there is no CZ indication. However, since the tolerance zones do not have any unlocked non-redundant degrees of freedom, they function as one. Note that the coaxiality tolerance in figure by Richard Hodgkinson A–31 locks the two median lines much tighter to each other than this toler approach to applying GPS tolerances to a ance does. The combination of the two tolerances means that as long as the median lines are straight and coaxial with each other within 0,01 mm, they are free to be aligned with the global datum system only within 1 mm. design. This provides an easy to follow step- by-step process which guides the designer’s efore using a new software, we need to understand how it can help Under the partner standards development thought process and allows him or her to B organization (PSDO) Cooperation Agree- create drawings in a distinct GPS dialect. us accomplish a given task. The documentation may be the first tan- means there may be fundamental rules writ- It aims to give the reader sufficient knowl- ment between ISO and the IEEE, they will Such drawings are easily recognizable for gible item that the user sees and therefore influences first impressions ten in one standard that have to be known edge to read and interpret GPS drawings. also be published as IEEE standards. This readers in manufacturing and quality who in order to apply another standard correctly. The handbook will also enable readers to of the software product. If the information is supplied in a convenient agreement is intended to reduce duplication are familiar with the procedure. In many ways we can compare GPS have enough “ vocabulary ” and knowledge form and is easy to find and understand, the user can quickly become of effort by encouraging : standards to laws. Both are written in a of the grammar to express geometrical proficient at using the product. Hence, well-designed documentation • Joint development and maintenance language and a style that are very precise requirements to a component as correctly The ISO handbook is like not only assists the user and helps to reduce the cost of training and • The adoption of IEEE standards and unambiguous to the trained reader, formulated GPS requirements. through the ISO fast-track Final Draft but which novices may find difficult to a driver’s manual for GPS. support, but also enhances the reputation of the product, its producer, International Standard (FDIS) process understand. Easy to understand and its suppliers. • IEEE adoption of ISO/IEC standards Making the designer’s thought process New ISO handbook on GPS Continuing the law analogy, when a person Although software developers aim to Joining forces • The incorporation of content from obvious to those who have to make the prod- learns to drive, he or she is not required or design user interfaces that behave so intui- IEEE standards into ISO standards. uct a reality helps avoid misunderstandings The ISO handbook is the result of col- expected to learn the rules of the road by tively that very little separate documentation In March 2012, ISO, in collaboration with For example, content from IEEE 1063 and improve the chances of manufacturing laboration between Danish Standards ; the reading the traffic laws directly. Instead, the is needed, this is rarely possible in practice. the International Electrotechnical Commis- – 2001, IEEE Standard for Software it cost effectively. secretariat of ISO technical committee student driver is given a driver’s manual that User documentation is an essential compo- sion (IEC) and the Institute of Electrical and User Documentation, was used in the I hope universities and technical schools ISO/TC 213, Dimensional and geometrical presents the important points in the traffic nent of usable software products. Electronics Engineers (IEEE), published development of this new series. product specifications and verification, laws in an easily understandable format. will adopt the ISO handbook to teach GPS to Documentation is often regarded as two new software documentation standards : which develops GPS standards, ISO, and In some ways, the ISO handbook is like engineers and technicians. I also hope manu- something done after the software has been • ISO/IEC/IEEE 26511:2012, Sys- the Chair of ISO/TC 213. a driver’s manual for GPS. It provides an facturing companies will use it for internal implemented. However, for high-quality, tems and software engineering – Software documentation training to improve the common understand- Presenting the basic rules clearly and using overview of the basic rules of GPS in one effective software documentation, its devel- Requirements for managers of user is an integral part colour illustrations, the handbook provides place and in a structured format. It goes ing of GPS among their technical staff.  opment should be regarded as an integral documentation of the software an introduction to GPS, the background on to explain how tolerances are indicated part of the software life-cycle process. If • ISO/IEC/IEEE 26515:2012, Systems required to start using GPS, and guidelines and specifications interpreted using simple, done properly, documentation or informa- and software engineering – Develop- life-cycle process. on reading and applying GPS standards. straightforward language, enabling the About the author tion management is a large enough task to ing user documentation in an agile The handbook is partly intended to serve reader to start using GPS. require process planning in its own right. environment. as a text book in technical schools and Armed with the overview and understand- Dr. Henrik S. The publication of ISO/IEC/IEEE universities. However, it can also be used ing provided by the ISO handbook, the user Nielsen 26511:2011 completes the initial phase of for self-study and as a post-study reference. can then read individual GPS standards is president of HN a series of new standards by joint technical Metrology Consult- committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information ing. In his 25-year technology, subcommittee SC 7, Software career, he has built and systems engineering, working group Datum:

Ideal derived feature that up considerable ex- WG 2, System software documentation. is used as the basis for ISO 14660-1 defines a feature as a point, a line or a surface. As can be seen in tolerancing. A datum is figure 1–3, a line can be a nominal (i.e. perfect) straight line (we often call a always a plane, a straight straight line an axis) as the one shown in blue, a line with another nominal line or a point. shape (a curve) as the one shown in red, a closed line (e.g. a circle) as the one perience in dimen- The publication stems from a report by shown in yellow or a real line (i.e. a line that has form error relative to its nominal shape) as the one shown in green. Similarly, a surface can be a nomi- nally plane surface (a plane) as the one shown in blue, a surface with another nominal shape as the one shown in red, a closed surface (e.g. a cylinder) as sional metrology, the subcommittee SC 7, Documentation the one shown in yellow or a real surface (i.e. a surface that has form error The measurement uncertainty shall be relative to its nominal shape) as the one shown in green. Figure 1–9: val as with a specification subtracted from the tolerance when proving conformanceReal lines and surfaces can have any nominal shape. tion and geometrical dimensioning and toleranc- study group, recommending, among other

The measurement uncertainty has to be added to the tolerance inter shown in figure 1–10, if a purchaser wants to show non-conformance with a ing, and quality systems for calibration things, to revise and rationalize exist- specification, i.e. prove that a component does not meet the specifica shall be rejected. Figure 1–10 does not consider specification ambiguity. laboratories. He has also been involved ing SC 7 documentation standards. The with ISO since 1988. For the past five purpose was to better address the needs years, he has been Chair of ISO/TC 213, of the different audiences involved in

The measurement uncertainty shall be added to the Dimensional and geometrical product the development and implementation of Figure 3–15: Figure 1–10: tolerance when proving non-conformance with a specification is limited by twoSet “parallel”, of 2D tolerance173 non-straight zones, eachlines of with which the Find your way in GPS distance t Figure 1–3: A feature is a point, a line or a surface specifications and verification. software documentation. The datum locks the3.3 tolerance zone and Figure 5–15: Individual 2D tolerance zones therefore the toleranced featureMost to the individual datum feature 2D tolerance zones are used to tolerance either a linear fea- Find your way in GPS ture or a specific line in a surface feature. In this case the 2D tolerance zone 28 limits the toleranced line to a 2-dimensional space that is limited by two lines.

The other possibility is that the 2D tolerance zone applies to a point on a 12 Find your way in GPS linear feature, for example a point on the median line of a cylinder. In this

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• ISO/IEC/IEEE 26511:2012, Systems proposal. It also discusses the use should be presented to the also prepared ISO/IEC/IEEE 26515:2012, specific information items (information and software engineering – Require- of a documentation management users, and how to prepare Systems and software engineering – Develop- products) to be developed and revised dur- ments for managers of user documen- plan and a document plan as they the information and ing user documentation in an agile environ- ing systems and software life-cycles and tation, intended for use by managers arise in the acquisition and supply make it available. It ment, and added it to the series. It provides service processes. It specifies the purpose of user documentation projects or processes. applies to printed requirements on information management and content of all identified systems and organizations with information design- • ISO/IEC/IEEE 26513:2009, user manuals, online and documentation processes appropriate software life-cycle information items, as ers and documentation developers. It Systems and software engi- help, tutorials, and for software projects that are using agile well as information items for information provides requirements for strategy, neering – Requirements for user reference docu- development methods. technology service management. planning, performance, and control for testers and reviewers of user mentation. This is documentation managers. the “ core ” standard Branching out documentation, is intended to We need to understand be used by testers, reviewers, of the series. ISO/IEC/IEEE 26511:2012 specifies Other forms of documentation are also and other related roles, includ- ISO/IEC/IEEE to accomplish procedures for managing user docu- required during software and systems ing usability testers, documen- 26514:2008 is not a given task. mentation throughout the software limited to the design development, and WG 2 has also pro- life-cycle. It also includes require- tation reviewers, information designers and architects. It and development phase duced, and recently revised, ISO/IEC/ ments for key documents produced for of the life-cycle, but IEEE 15289:2011, Systems and software Currently under ballot is a new work user documentation management. specifies processes for use in testing and reviewing includes activi- engineering – Content of life-cycle infor- item proposal to develop a further standard • ISO/IEC/IEEE 26512:2011, Systems of user documentation. ties throughout mation products (documentation). This which would address Content management and software engineering – Require- It is not limited to the informa- International Standard provides require- for product life-cycle, user, and service ments for acquirers and suppliers of the test and review tion man- ments for identifying and planning the management documentation.  user documentation, is intended for phase of the life- agement use in acquiring or supplying either and docu- Content from earlier WG 2 standards was cycle, but includes printed or electronic (on-screen) activities throughout the mentation incorporated and revised in the development documentation. It is independent of information management and docu- processes. It also provides minimum of the new series. Those original standards documentation development or man- mentation management processes. requirements for the structure, information have now been, or are in the process of agement tools or methodologies. content, and format of user documenta- being, cancelled and withdrawn. tion, including both printed and on-screen ISO/IEC/IEEE 26512:2011 provides These standards documents used in the work environment A new suite requirements for information items by users of systems containing software. used in the acquisition of user docu- represent the consensus In addition to drafting these standards The newly completed suite will com- mentation products : the acquisition of experience, and monitoring the latest developments in prise the following systems and software plan, document specification, statement knowledge and software design, working group WG 2 has engineering standards : of work, request for proposals, and the best practices. About the author World-class expertise ISO/IEC/IEEE 26513:2009 also Richard provides the minimum requirements Hodgkinson Many of the requirements and recommendations provided by these standards are of for the testing and reviewing docu- is a Fellow of equal value in the development of user documentation for other products, not only for mentation, including both printed and the UK Institute systems and software. The WG 2 team has ensured that they represent the consensus of on-screen documents in the work of Scientific and experience, knowledge and best practices from the major global and national, professional environment by the users of systems Technical Com- technical communication organizations, including : software. It applies to printed user municators and manuals, online help, tutorials, and • The Society for Technical Communication has participated user reference documentation. • The Institute of Scientific and Technical Communicators in the develop- • ISO/IEC/IEEE 26514:2008, Systems ment of ISO/IEC, ISO and European • The Information Processing Society of Japan and software engineering – Require- standards since 1990. He has served ments for designers and developers • The Australian Society for Technical Communication as project editor for nine ISO Interna- of user documentation, is intended to tional Standards addressing software • The Technical Communicators Association of New Zealand be used by documentation designers documentation, icons, and accessibil- • The IEEE Computer Society and developers, including information ity. In addition to the convenership of designers, usability specialists, content ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7/WG 2, he has served • The IEEE Professional Communication Society editors, graphic and user interface as UK expert in ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 35, • The Project Management Institute. designers. It covers the user docu- User interfaces, ISO/IEC JTC 1, Spe- mentation process for designers and cial working group on accessibility, In parallel to this work, many of the WG 2 experts also participate in SC 7/WG 22, developers of documentation. ISO/TC 159/SC 4/WG 5, Software ergo- Software and systems engineering consolidated vocabulary, which has prepared ISO/ ISO/IEC/IEEE 26514:2008 nomics & human-computer interaction, IEC/IEEE 24765:2010, Systems and software engineering – Vocabulary, which is freely describes how to establish what infor- and ISO/TC 145/SC 3-IEC/SC 3C JWG 11, available at www.computer.org/sevocab. mation users need, how to determine Basic principles for the development and the way in which that information use of graphical symbols.

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Social network interests, etc.). An entire team is devoted to social media – one person for blogging, The technology is constantly evolving and two people for Facebook, YouTube, Twitter allows access to knowledge from every place and LinkedIn. at every moment. “ The world is moving Overall, more and more standardization very fast, our business is affected and we bodies use social media to share and dis- have to adapt our communication to new seminate information, and social networks patterns of behaviour, ” said Nicolas Fleury. are becoming mainstream. J.P. Rangaswami, For some, we are currently in an era of Chief Scientist, salesforce.com, closed this information overload (mostly due to the influx session by discussing the role of technology of new technological devices on the market) ; in our society, “ Technology can speed up for others, like Anaïs Saint-Jude, Director, evolution, we can share what we are doing Biblio Tech Program at Stanford University, with others, but the question is : does tech- California, USA, information overload was nology make our life easier ? ” already apparent in the 17th century. A frequent question about technology is : “ The 17th century was a time of great is it good or bad ? J.P. Rangaswami invited change, ” said Prof. Saint-Jude. This period participants to consider, when they think resulted in many innovations (the postal Nicolas Fleury, Director, Marketing, Communication and Information, ISO Central Secretariat about technology, what stimulus created it. service, networks, conferences) similar to and Gabriela Ehrlich, IEC Head of Communication, open the third ISO and IEC Marketing and the exponential growth of new technolo- Communication Forum. Was the technology merely an offshoot of gies witnessed today. And while today’s speeding up a process or a desire to speed Eva Kosto, Online Marketer from NEN, cost (it is still possible to be present in social up evolution itself ? When one notices innovations are different (instantaneous, ISO member for the Netherlands, explained media with limited resources) and opportunity mainstream, global) and information can be technology is changing, one needs to real- the evolution of their social media pres- to improve customer satisfaction through a ize what drives the technology to exist in produced by anyone, the feelings experienced ence at the national level. Before starting closer relationship. Social media also provide th the first place. in the 17 century (overload, uselessness of their communication strategy, guidance a forum to listen to negative feedback. J.P. Rangaswami noted : “ We have to information, fear of loss) are similar to those was given to NEN staff on how to behave think about our role in how we take technol- experienced today. on social media. They adopted a sector ogy, how we deal with iteration and losses specific approach (e.g. building, social Technology is and how we manage.” responsibility) rather than tackling all the constantly evolving. subjects at once. Thanks to their dialogue with customers, more traffic was generated Mobile on NEN’s Website. Bob Russoti, representing ANSI, ISO Access to information from mobile devices Another point that emerged from discus- member for the USA, underlined the such as smartphones or tablets is expected sions was that it made more sense to be institute’s extensive use of social media to outpace desktop-based access between selective about which social media platforms analytics to monitor visits, page views, 2013 and 2015, said David Roessli, Cyber- to tackle (Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, etc.) revenue, referrals to their domains and media Concept, who together with Andy rd based on national use and culture rather than views, likes, retweets as well as to help Clarke, developed ISO’s future Website 3 ISO and IEC Marketing be everywhere at once, spreading resources them understand member demographics concept using responsive design technol- too thin without concrete results. (occupation, seniority, industry, country, ogy. “ Screen size of a mobile phone is not and Communication Forum Peter Quiguer, representing AFNOR, ISO Anaïs Saint-Jude, Director, Biblio Tech Program member for France, explained that before at Stanford University, California, USA. starting work on social media, a philosophy by Sandrine Tranchard Social has to be defined. He went on to explain how for people involved in standardization, social Over 150 experts from around the world gathered together in Nowhere is the information overload media offer a means to exchange ideas and Geneva, Switzerland on 22 and 23 February 2012, for the third joint more present than in social media. A panel to better manage experts and/or budgets in discussion on the use of social media led by technical committees. “ Social media make ISO/IEC Marketing and Communication Forum. Sylwia Presley, IEC social media activities, it much more human, ” he said. AFNOR highlighted how various members (and received positive comments on their social The two-day forum was opened by communicating to stakeholders of the ISO/CS) are using social media, and the media presence and has helped to change Gabriela Ehrlich, IEC Head of Commu- benefits of standardization. added value that results from their use. the way the organization communicates. nication, and Nicolas Fleury, Director, Participants were invited to take advan- Maria Lazarte, Social Media Manager at Standards Norway, ISO member for the Marketing, Communication and Informa- tage of panel discussions, group sessions ISO Central Secretariat emphasized, “ Social country, gave the “ newcomer ” perspective. tion, ISO Central Secretariat, who wel- and presentations to enable interactive media are a powerful tool for inspiring, Line Hansen Kamhaug, marketing consultant, comed participants and encouraged them discussions on core issues in marketing influencing and engaging people, so they noted that most big companies use social to communicate and share their experience and communication. They learnt about new realize that standards are important and media with Facebook at the top of the list on their respective activities. Among the techniques of communication, including relevant to them. For the past two years, (55 % of the Norwegian population is on topics under discussion were social media, commercials and other videos. A social ISO has been using different social media Facebook). In addition, Standards Norway new communication devices and formats, media corner was set up to generate more platforms successfully, and today has almost also uses Twitter to publish news. Among The two-day forum was characterized by interactive discussions on core issues in marketing new publishing techniques and ways of awareness of, and interest in, social media. 7000 fans on Facebook alone.” the advantages of social media are its low and communication.

44 © ISO Focus+, www.iso.org/isofocus+ ISO Focus+ April 2012 ISO Focus+ April 2012 © ISO Focus+, www.iso.org/isofocus+ 45 a

360° the same as a desktop, so there is a need ISO and IEC have implemented an action The use of new technology, platforms for Luxembourg’s economy and for the to have a specific Web design for mobile plan based on communication to, and edu- and tools has helped to increase ISO’s energy sector targeting stakeholders not screens. It is important to adapt the same cation of, the market and standards users, visibility. There were some 470 000 only as professionals, but also as consum- content to different devices so that infor- the mandatory watermarking of electronic references to ISO and its standards on ers and students. mation remains available and accessible.” files, and the development of more flexible Internet media sites in 2011 – an increase A panel discussion on new formats, mobile business models and options to use content of 38 % over the previous year. Comparing and Web applications was led by Régis in standards. However, it is key for IEC January 2010 to January 2011, the trend The use of new Brinster, Head of Marketing Services and and ISO’s community to work together on is also positive with an increase of 22 %. technology, platforms Sales, ISO Central Secretariat, who gave an copyright violation issues, share information Mr. Frost pointed out that these figures are and tools has helped to overview of trends in mobile devices and and undertake joint or parallel actions for the result of the combined communication increase ISO’s visibility. how the ISO Central Secretariat is adapting important cases. and marketing efforts of both ISO and its to add value to its portfolio of products. For national members. example, ISO/CS has published standards in Targeting stakeholders Aurélie Coudivat, from ILNAS, ISO George Gulla, Vice President, Publica- formats compatible with various tablets and member for Luxembourg, gave the perspec- tions, ANSI, spoke about the awareness eReaders, and is developing an Apple iOS A panel discussion on communication to tive of a recently established standardization campaign “ Standards boost business ” and Android application for ISO Focus+ stakeholders and the benefits of standards, body. ILNAS has established a strategy, launched in the USA. The purpose is to magazine to enhance accessibility and was led by Roger Frost, Head of Communica- including on its communication activities, foster education and understanding of the increase readership. tion Services, ISO Central Secretariat. “ Over to promote standardization in the country. strategic value of standardization, targeting Christoph Bertling, Head of Sales and time, ISO’s communication strategies have For example, training sessions were built executive leaders with a wake-up call for Marketing at Beuth Verlag, a subsidiary of evolved to meet new challenges, ” he said. on the basis of standards and their benefits, US industry, emphasizing why they should DIN, ISO member for Germany, explained continue to be engaged in standardization. the mobile media strategy and used as Vered Oren, Director, Communications his example the development of iOS and and Public Relations, SII, ISO member for Android applications for ISO 9001 quality Israel, gave the example of a special cam- management standards. paign to raise awareness of the importance Gabriela Ehrlich highlighted the work of standards in our daily lives, particularly of the IEC Central Office on several appli- for child safety. SII successfully created cations, especially on Electropedia – an an emotional message for different media, online electrical and electronic terminol- social media, television, Web platforms, ogy database containing more than 20 000 etc. that any parent could relate to. terms and definitions in English and French A panel discussion on the use and benefits of social media. Finally, Christine Van Vlierden, Unit organized by subject area, with equivalent Manager Communication, CEN/CENELEC, terms in various other languages such as, to speed up the process of getting product framework should make it easier for end talked about the event called StandarDays, for example, Japanese or Spanish. to market, and to facilitate the adoption of users to find and apply relevant standards. organized in Brussels, Belgium, twice a year. Morgan Andersen, from Danish Standards, International Standards. ISO is currently To illustrate how it is key for organizations StandarDays is a two-day open information ISO member for Denmark, spoke about converting its entire catalogue of standards to adapt to the fast evolving technology to session on European standardization. the development of two applications : one in English and French into XML. meet new market needs, Carlos Amorin, designed for children on eco-labeling and ISO has also launched a new platform ABNT, presented the new subscription Food for thought (www.iso.org/obp, currently in beta version) system developed by ABNT, ISO member the other a standard on industrial systems, Overall, the forum featured relevant that exploits content in XML format, and for Brazil, that uses a Web-based business installations, equipment and industrial topics, giving numerous examples of that provides users with new functionalities model. ABNT’s subscription system has products. communication activities that promote the to access and work with standards. This had positive impact – with the sales of ISO Learning and having fun at the ISO and IEC Marketing and Communication Forum. Finally, Hans Ashland, SIS, ISO member value of standardization. The forum also platform is primarily for use by ISO members and IEC standards tripling in the first year. for Sweden, presented an application for highlighted how marketing and sales can to help in better serving their customers. Overwhelming amounts of data, the com- the iPhone and iPad, based on a handbook develop to better meet the needs of custom- plexity of technology, regulatory constraints targeting electricians to answer their spe- ers, resulting in new sources of revenue. and current Web use by new generations, cific needs. The deployment of new technologies require new ways of dealing with standards. Access to information allows the ISO and IEC community to Serge Noëls, from BEC, IEC member for New products from mobile devices develop new and innovative products and Belgium, presented the NormX platform, a services and to respond to new customers’ A panel discussion on new publishing is expected to outpace Web-based search and compliance platform requirements in terms of content consump- techniques to develop new products and desktop-based access. for electrotechnical standards and regulations tion. It also increases flexibility to publish services, and related and general copyright which helps manage, discuss and comply adapted content in formats to meet or issues, was led by Nicolas Fleury. He easily with standards. anticipate new market trends. recalled the objectives of the ISO project A side effect of providing easier access Alan Maislisch, IT Strategy & Planning Nicolas Fleury concluded, “ All we need to implement an XML-based publishing to standards is the significant increase in Manager, IEC, explained the objectives of a now is the courage to be creative and take system. The project which began in 2010 is illegal commercial activities from IEC and pilot project designed to extract structured the plunge into the evolving world of fast- now turning into a concrete offering, with the content from IEC standards and to provide ISO intellectual property. This is becoming paced technology ”.  objective of meeting new customer require- an integrated framework for all standards- a real challenge for the two organizations, ments, providing added-value products related information. Providing standards according to Guilaine Fournet, IEC, and Sandrine Tranchard is a Communication Officer, and services. The project is also intended data under a comprehensive, integrated Nicolas Fleury, ISO. ISO Central Secretariat.

46 © ISO Focus+, www.iso.org/isofocus+ ISO Focus+ April 2012 ISO Focus+ April 2012 © ISO Focus+, www.iso.org/isofocus+ 47 a

New Releases New Releases Coming Up

Management solutions From farm Managing Orange Business Services and ISO/IEC 20000 Orange Business Services is success- fully delivering on its promises and to fork crises creating notable momentum in the cloud computing market. Their objective is to ISO recipe make it easy for organizations to access the IT resources they need by providing for successful one-stop-shopping for a range of cloud computing services. food supply chains If cloud computing is to create numer- ous market opportunities for organiza- tions, and help them address many of by Maria Lazarte their IT challenges, the choice of the right cloud computing service provider is critical. That is why the implemen- ISO’s solutions for ensuring quality and safety in tation of the ISO/IEC 20000 series on the food industry are the subject of a new brochure service management in IT, is the logical – ISO & food – which provides a concise overview objective of a global ICT provider such as Orange Business Services. of International Standards available and how they In the May 2012 issue of ISO Focus+, can help. Axel Haentjens, Vice-President of Cloud Computing at Orange Business Services, reveals the story behind the company’s Today more than ever, food products Out of more than implementation of ISO/IEC 20000.  regularly cross national boundaries at every 19 000 ISO Interna- stage of the supply chain. ISO International tional Standards, Standards create confidence in the products some 1 000 are we eat or drink by ensuring the world uses specifically dedicated to food, and deal The brochure highlights the benefits of ISO Focus+ the same recipe when it comes to food with subjects as diverse as agricultural ISO standards for industry, regulators and The electronic edition (PDF file) quality, safety and efficiency. machinery, logistics, transportation, consumers, and argues that by implementing of ISO Focus+ is accessible free The new brochure underlies the benefits manufacturing, labeling, packaging and voluntary ISO standards, companies make a of charge on the ISO Website of ISO’s consensus-based approach, which storage. ISO standards bring together state- proactive commitment to the principles they www.iso.org/isofocus+. In addition, provides a platform for developing practi- of-the-art know-how and disseminate it to stand for : quality, transparency, account- he recent sinking off the Golf of Alaska The theme of the Special Report in the the entire collection of previous cal tools through common understanding both developed and developing countries. ability and safety. T by the US Coast Guard of a “ ghost ship ”, May issue of ISO Focus+ addresses crisis and cooperation with all stakeholders on They are therefore powerful tools for tak- ISO works closely with key stakeholders in issues of ISO Focus+ editions, plus a Japanese fishing vessel unmoored in the management and will feature articles on how board – from agricultural producers, to food ing action on global challenges. the food supply chain to ensure the relevance ISO Focus (2004-2009), plus ISO tsunami caused by 2011’s Tohoku earthquake, International Standards protect and support manufacturers, laboratories, regulators, and market uptake of its standards. ISO’s Management Systems magazine consumers, etc. coincided with the first anniversary of that stakeholders involved in the management (2001-2009) is also available free Food safety management multi-stakeholder approach consolidates ISO has developed a series of standards for food safety management devastating event. It is a haunting reminder of of crisis situations. Did you know ? systems that can be used by any organization in the food supply chain. determines the size of wine It features : contributions from industry, government, of charge as electronic files. ISO 3591 tasting glasses. Cheers ! • ISO 22000:2005 – Overall requirements (by the end of 2010, some provides cooking times for all the tragedy Mother Nature (and man) have Topics range from keeping the water ISO 7304 18 630 certifi cations to ISO 22000 had been issued in 138 countries) spaghetti. Bon appetit ! • ISO/TS 22002-1:2009 – Specifi c prerequisites for food manufacturing research, academia, international organiza- ISO 3103 explains how to make the perfect cup of tea. With or without milk ? • ISO/TS 22002-3:2011 – Specifi c prerequisites for farming wrought on our planet in recent years. The supply clean to the safe maintenance of • ISO/TS 22003:2007 – Guidelines for audit and certifi cation bodies tions and NGOs. Some of the organizations ISO Update • ISO 22004:2005 – Guidelines for applying ISO 22000 stakeholders on board, from agricultural – Traceability in the feed and food chain. human, economic, social and environmental nuclear reactors, how to manage risk and Global standards for global supply chains producers, to food manufacturers, • ISO 22005:2007 laboratories, regulators, consumers, etc. contributing to ISO’s food standards include Meeting the demands of a rapidly growing Working through its network of national ISO’s partnersworld population requires International members, its standards bring together consequences are incalculable and will burden IT preparedness for business continuity and The ISO Update, a monthly sup- Standards to promote the quality and safety the foremost expertise in the world and The development ofof International food, as well Standards as the efficiency of the food disseminate it to both developed and Proven benefi ts the Codex Alimentarius Commission, the cannot take place insupply isolation. chain, The so value that we make the best of developing countries. Its more than 120* ISO standards help of ISO standards relies heavily on its multi- In a study on the ensure quality in testing, transport, our resources in a sustainable way. ISO standards are powerful tools for standards for food ? stakeholder approach, which consolidates benefits of stand- What ISO labeling, nomenclature, terminology etc. our communities for years to come. disaster recovery. An article also highlights plement to ISO Focus+ is available taking action on global challenges like contributions from industry, government, ards, large Singapo- sustainability and climate change by for From agricultural machinery to logistics, • Starch and its by-products (ISO/TC 93) – research, academia, international rean supermarket Food and Agriculture Organization, the – what it is, what it achieves example, disseminating best practice on from transportation to manufacturing, from Found in foods like potatoes, maize and organizations and NGOsISO representing all chain, NTUC Fair- new technologies less detrimental to the quality and safety to management and wheat, starch provides about half of stakeholders including consumers and small price, estimated Earthquakes, tornadoes, tsunamis, hur- how the use of ISO symbols, understood ISO (International Organization for environment. traceability, from labeling and packaging the world’s daily calorie intake, and its electronically (PDF) in both English businesses. that the use of just Standardization) is the world’s largest to storage – ISO standards cover every extraction is one of the most important four standards led By implementing voluntary ISO standards, Global Food Safety Initiative, the Interna- ISO works closely with keydeveloper organizations of voluntary International step of the food and feed supply chain. agro-industries worldwide. ISO standards Food security to savings of USD companies make a proactive commitment for the food industry suchStandards as the Codex providing benefits for business, provide valuable methods of analysis for 13.6 million over to the principles they stand for: quality, Some 1 000* ISO standards out of A growingAlimentarius world Commissiongovernment (CAC), the andFood society. the industry. ricanes, wildfires that burn out of control, the world over, can help save lives. the last 10 years, as transparency, accountability and safety. a current total of some 19 000* are and French populationand Agriculture and Organization, the Global www.iso.org/isoupdate ISO is a network comprising the national well as significantly specifically dedicated to food, most of • Fisheries and aquaculture (ISO/TC 234) – urbanization,Food Safety evolving Initiative, thestandards International institutes of 163* countries. tional Dairy Federation and World Health increasing their op- them developed by the following technical Aims to promote sustainable development eatingDairy habits, Federation, and an and the ISOWorld standards Health make a positive Melamine and milk erational efficiency. standards ? committees (TCs) : of the sector ; outline specifications for increasingOrganization. demand contribution to the world we live in. They Who benefits from ISO floods that wash away human lives and This issue will also present examples of www.iso.org/ • Food products (ISO/TC 34) – Covers technical equipment adapted to local In 2008, a number forISO’s biofuels observer present status to theensure CAC vitalprovides features such as quality, . environments ; improve surveillance of children died and www.iso.org/fr/isoupdate iso/benefi ts_of_ the food and feed chain from primary an opportunity for the coordinationecology, of safety, issues reliability, compatibility, Industry : Farmers, manufacturers, Organization, among many others. serious challenges for standards production to consumption for practically and management of marine resources ; many became serious- related to a variety of ISO standardsinteroperability, that are efficiency and retailers and service providers benefit ensuring food security. all products, from cereals to coffee, generate international agreement on ly ill after drinking adopted and used by Codexeffectiveness in its work. ISO – and at an economical cost. from not having to complyQuality with multiple and safety from farm to fork ISO terminology and sampling methods ; and property : add to those natural disasters the lessons learned in the aftermath of disasters Today, an estimated &from spices to milk and cheese. Nearly milk contaminated They facilitate trade, spread knowledge, specifications and requirements for food also has observer status at the World Trade ensure safety. Examples of standards one billion suffer from and share technological advances and different markets. ISO standards make 800* standards provide terminology, by melamine. In Organization’s Committee on Technical under development include environmental ISO & food, published in English and hunger. International good management practices. tests, analysis and sampling methods response to this The ISO Update informs readers Barriers to Trade and Committee on Sanitary industry more competitive and promote (including for sensory analysis), product monitoring of the seabed impacts from andStandards Phytosanitary for state- Measures. global trade. They disseminate best crisis, ISO and the specifications, quality management and finfish farms (ISO 12878) and methods ones man creates intentionally (terrorism) and in Japan and New Zealand, to illustrate of-the-art food practice and innovations so that industry International Dairy requirements for packaging, storage and for calculating fish-in/fish-out ratios production technol- standards for food ? does not need to reinvent the wheel, while Federation prepared Why ISO transportation for food and animal feed. (ISO 16566). French, is available free of charge from the ISO Volume 1 , No. 9, Octob er 2010, I SSN 1 729-87 09 at the same time facilitating market access ogy, such as irrigation technical specifica- about the latest developments in Its recent work addresses food irradiation, ISO Central ISO resources Today more than ever, food products to the latest technologies. tion ISO/TS 15495, Secretariat and agricultural detection of genetically modified unintentionally through accidents, negligence, how International Standards can help in the Consumers regularly cross national boundaries at Regulators : Regulators can rely on trusted which provides a ISO’smachinery, Website (in optimizeEnglish and French, with top organisms and molecular biomarkers. every stage of the supply chain, from farm internationally harmonized solutions, which robust internationally 1, chemin levelsproduction in Russian process and individual publications Central Secretariat through the ISO Store or to fork. ISO International Standards create are continually reviewed and improved, • Essential oils (ISO/TC 54) – Focuses de la Voie-Creuse in otherand languages) ensure that the recognized means for the ISO world, including ISO member confidence in the products we eat or drink as a technical basis for market-friendly on essential oils used in food products, Case postale 56 www.iso.org regulatory authori- latest innovations are by ensuring the world uses the same perfumes, cosmetics, phytotherapy, a lack of preparedness for unexpectedly cata- management of crises, their consequences CH - 1211 Genève 20 regulations that meet the expectations of ties, manufacturers • Guest Interview : Director General of Consumers International ISO Focus+available magazine to farmers recipe when it comes to food quality, citizens. aromatherapy, and so on. Switzerland • Testing resistance to jet fires © ISO Focus +, www.iso.org/isofo cus+ ISO food standards create confidence and producers to (10 editionsand manufacturers annually in English and French) by contacting the Marketing, Communication safety and efficiency. Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Consumers : ISO standards ensure the in the products we eat and drink determine the pres- www.iso.org/iso/iso-focus-plus from around the world ISO provides a platform for developing safety and quality of products to protect bodies’ CEO and address changes, Fax +41 22 733 34 30 ence of melamine, in ISO videos– increasing availabil- strophic circumstances (a tsunami invading and put communities, countries and the youtube.com/PlanetISO practical tools through common consumers worldwide. They address E-mail ISO food standards provide benefits for order to ensure the [email protected] Follow usity on of Twitternutritious food understanding and cooperation with all issues of concern to consumers such as ! all participants in the supply chain, from integrity and safety & Information department ([email protected]). Web www.iso.org twitter.com/isostandardsand bringing down nutritional value, labeling and declaration, farm to transportation and logistics, from of milk products Join us oncosts. Facebook ! taste, hygiene, genetically modified * As of January 2012 manufacturing to retailing and services, and prevent future draft standards under circulation, as facebook.com/isostandards organisms, limits on additives, pesticides, a nuclear reactor and leading to equipment world on the road to recovery. from consumers to regulators and analytical Join us on Google+ contaminants, and so on. incidents. ! laboratories ISBN 978-92-67-10562-8 gplus.to/isostandards It can also be obtained from ISO national © ISO – January 2012 ISO brings all stakeholders on board to failures, a nuclear meltdown and the release To learn more about crisis management well as newly published, confirmed share best practice, promote state-of-the-art Contact the ISO member technology, and ensure safety and quality in your country : member institutes (www.iso.org). The www.iso.org/isomembers of radioactive materials). and how ISO standards are valuable, or withdrawn standards. It also in- brochure can also be downloaded as a PDF Managing the aftermath of these crises is a capability-building tools in handling inci- file free of charge from the ISO Website.  cludes a list of upcoming technical herculean task, but emergency preparedness is dent response in a crisis, read next month’s ONLINE committee plenary meetings. Maria Lazarte is Assistant Editor, ISO Focus+. the key to limiting the toll that must be paid. ISO Focus+. 

48 © ISO Focus+, www.iso.org/isofocus+ ISO Focus+ April 2012 ISO Focus+ April 2012 © ISO Focus+, www.iso.org/isofocus+ 49 1

Manage your energy well and you’ve more to devote to your customers

ISO 50001 for energy management.

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001.indd 1 business terms. If your Win the energy challenge with ISO 50 of your customers. Central Secretariat organization can reduce Who’d have thought that the 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse the energy it needs to operate, it can devote kangaroo had something to teach Case postale 56 more resources to value-adding processes. CEOs ? CH-1211 Genève 20

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