r-He weLL read mason li""-I:~I=-•I cl••'ILei,=:-,•• Dear Reader, This book was referenced in one of the 185 issues of 'The Builder' Magazine which was published between January 1915 and May 1930. To celebrate the centennial of this publication, the Pictoumasons website presents a complete set of indexed issues of the magazine. As far as the editor was able to, books which were suggested to the reader have been searched for on the internet and included in 'The Builder' library.' This is a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by one of several organizations as part of a project to make the world's books discoverable online. Wherever possible, the source and original scanner identification has been retained. Only blank pages have been removed and this header- page added. The original book has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. 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Please do not assume that a book's appearance in 'The Builder' library means it can be used in any manner anywhere in the world. Copyright infringement liability can be quite severe. The Webmaster THB PUBLICATIONS OJ' THB SURTEES SOCIETY. BSTABLISHED IN THE YEAR M.DCCC.xxxrv. VOL. LXXVI. FOR THE YEAR M.DCCC.T,XXXTn. Digitized by Google PRINTED BY WILLUJI IlAJUUSON, IIARKET-PLACB. Digitized by Coogle THE FAMILY MEMOIRS OF TIm REV. WILLIAM STUKELEY, M.D. AND THE ~nfiqltafian anb .other €Ol'fespanbmce OF WILLIAM STUKELEY, ROGER & SAMUEL GALE, ETC. VOL. II. ,.lrlisheb far t~e ~Dwtrz BY ANDREWS at CO., SADLER STREET, DURHAM. LONDON: WHITTAKER at CO., 18, AVE MARIA. LANE; BERNARD QUARITCH, 15, PICCADILLY. EDINBURGH: WILLIAM BLACKWOOD AND SONS. 1888. Digitized by Coogle At a Meeting of THE SURTEES SoCIETY, held in Durham Outle, on Tuesday, December 4th, 1877, MR. GREENWELL in the Chair, it was ORDERED, "that a Selection from the GALE AND STUDLEY OORRESPONDENCE should be edited for the Society by the REv. W. C. LUKIS." JAJB.CJ RAINE, Secretary. Digitized by Coogle ~t.t':bo CONTENTS. BKDFORDSHIRE - - page 1 to 3 BERKSHIRE 4to 8 " BUCKINGHAMSHIRE 9to 17 " CAMBRIOOESHIRE 17 to 52 " CHESHIRE 52 to 53 " CORNWALL 53 to 60 " CUMBERLAND 61 to 113 " DERBYSHIRE 113 to 117 " DEVONSHIRE 117. to 120 " DORSETSHIRE 121 to 134 " DURILUI 134 to 144 - " EssEX 145 to 168 " GLOUCESTERSHIRE 168 to 170 " HAMPSHIRE 170 to 188 " HEREFORDS HIRE 188 to 191 " HERTFORDSHIRE 121 to 213 " HUNTINGDONSHIRE 213 to 223 - " 224 to 238 KENT " 238 to 245 LANCASHIRE " 246 to 249 LEICESTERSHIRE " 249 to 346 LINCOLNSHIRE - " MISCELLANEOUS ExTRAaI'S FROM DIARIES 347 to 385 " Digitized by Google PREFACE . .A. PEW words are necessary to explain the arrangement of the Correspondence and Extracts from the Diaries which are contained in the present volume. Among the large number of documents placed in my hands, I found that many letters related to archreological discoveries made in the various counties of England, as well as in Scotland and Wales ; and 'that there were fre• quent brief allusions to matters of antiquarian interest in those counties; some of which came under Dr. Stukeley's personal observation, and also to matters of scientificand general interest that were laid before the Royal and Antiquarian Societies of London, during the time when he acted as Secretary, and when he subsequently resided in town as Rector of St. George the Martyr, Queen Square, Bloomsbury, and regularly attended the meet• ings. These he was in the habit of jotting down in his diaries. I have sorted the entire mass, and placed the infor• mation under the heads of the counties to which it relates, by which arrangement anyone who is interested in a par• ticular county will at once gather whatever the Doctor thought worthy of being recorded. Sometimes the con• tents of a Letter related to researches and discoveries in ii. PRD'ACE. more than one county, in which cases I have found it desirable to separate the subject-matters, and put each part in its proper place. The counties are arranged alphabetically, and are brought down to Lincolnshire in the present volume. When volume I. 'was printed, it was supposed that a second volume would suffice to contain all the docu• ments then in hand, or that were likely to be collected. The materials have, however, multiplied to such an extent that a third volume will be necessary to include what is left, and it will contain most interesting corres• pondencerelating to Middlesex, Monmouthshire, Norfolk, Northamptonshire, Northum berland, Nottinghamshire, Oxfordshire, Rutlandshire, Shropshire, Somersetshire, Suffolk, Surrey, Sussex, Warwickshire, Westmoreland, Wiltshire, and Yorkshire; besides much valuable infor• mation relat.ing to south Scotland. Stukeley travelled through many of the counties on horseback, and in one of his letters describes the true pleasure this mode of travelling afforded, and the facili• ties it gave for becoming acquainted with the antiquities of 1he country. In many respects he may be compared to Leland, for, like his observant predecessor in his '~laboriouse journeys and serches for Englande's anti• quitees," he very carefully "notid a hole worlde of thinges very memorable." Allowances must be made for some of hie mistakes and guesses, arising partly from the measure of the scientific knowledge of his day, and partly from self• confidencebordering upon conceit, and the tenacity with Digitized by Coogle PREPACK. iii. which he held to his own opinions; in confirmation of which the reader is referred to the discussions at the Royal Society, in which he took part, upon the growth of corals, and the causes of earthquakes, recorded in pp. 376, 379, 382 of this volume. What Doctor J. Wood• ward wrote to Sir Christopher Wren, in 1707, of Mr. William Somner, author of the "A ntiquities of Canter• bury," is applicable to Stukeley : "'tis 110teasy, when once a man suffers himself to grow fond of a subject, not to be over far transported, and screw things to a pitch too high for those who are only indifferent lookers on, and not much in the passion that such a writer may himself feel." In the Appendix, the reader will find accounts of certain inventions, viz, that of the velocipede, which may be regarded as the origin of t he bicycle, and the numerous modificationsof this now popular vehicle; and of a revolving breech-loader cannon; alsocurious experi• ments upon the strength of several sorts of gunpowder, and the advisability of reducing within certain limits gun-charges whereby the velocity and range of the pro• jectile is increased; the ascent of rockets for signal purposes; the utilization of fire-damp in coal pits; hatching of eggs artificially; and the improvement of the ship's log by an application of clock-work. In the Preface to volume 1. there is mention of a fine brass effigy of Sir Nicholas de Stukeley, formerly on the floor of the church of Great Stukeley, Hunts. An auto• type print of it is now given at page 222. Upon sub• mitting it to A. W. Franks, Esq., F.R.S., he considered Digitized by Coogle iv. PREFACE. it deserving of being inserted; and further expressed his opinion that it was probably a palimpsest brass, the original having been a fioriated cross, upon which the image of Sir Nicholas was engraved. He also confirmed my opinion that the date of the figure was not earlier than A.D. 1460. Under Lancashire there are four Letters from Samuel Peele to Stukeley concerning a grave constructed with Roman. tiles, one of them being inscribed. After the sheet was printed, Mr. Thompson Watkin, to whom I am greatly indebted for other communications, kindly furnished me with the following information relating to Samuel Peele. "From the register of freemen of the borough of Lancaster, this gentleman appears to have taken up his freedom in 1752. He was at that time an officerof excise at Lancaster. Before 1768 (probably about 1766), he was removed to Durham, and he died before 1784, as his name disappears from the list of free• men before that date." I have not attempted to write even short biographies of Stukeley, the Gales, and several others whose names appeSlrin these volumes, because "theirlives are already well known, but as mention is made of one member of the Stukeley family, viz., Adlard Squier Stukeley, whom the Doctor speaks of, vol. i., P: 209, as his cousin, it is well to state here who he was, and who are the present representatives of this the elder branch of the family.