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O Istorie Socială a Spałiului Românesc www.ssoar.info A Social History of Romanian Space: From the Beginning of Dacian state until the rise of Modernity Brie, Mircea Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Monographie / monograph Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Brie, M. (2005). A Social History of Romanian Space: From the Beginning of Dacian state until the rise of Modernity.. Oradea: Univ. of Oradea Press. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-333438 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer CC BY Lizenz (Namensnennung) zur This document is made available under a CC BY Licence Verfügung gestellt. Nähere Auskünfte zu den CC-Lizenzen finden (Attribution). For more Information see: Sie hier: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.de Mircea Brie O ISTORIE SOCIALĂ A SPAłIULUI ROMÂNESC DE LA ÎNCEPUTURILE STATALITĂłII DACICE PÂNĂ LA ÎNTREZĂRIREA MODERNITĂłII Editura UniversităŃii din Oradea 2005 Descrierea CIP a Bibliotecii NaŃionale a României BRIE, MIRCEA O istorie socială a spaŃiului românesc: de la începuturile statalităŃii dacice până la întrezărirea modernităŃii / Mircea Brie. Oradea: Editura UniversităŃii din Oradea, 2005 Bibliogr. ISBN 973-613-759-7 94(398) Tipar: Metropolis SRL Tel. 0788 845 160 2 Dedic această carte soŃiei mele Simona CUPRINS INTORDUCERE. Istoria socială – obiect şi orientări istoriografice ........... 9 Repere ale istoriei sociale în istoriografia românească. .................................. 16 POPULAłIA ŞI STRUCTURA SOCIALĂ ÎN DACIA .............................. 23 1. Societatea şi arhitectura socială în Dacia preromană .............................. 26 1.1. PopulaŃia Daciei .................................................................................... 29 1.1.1. Structura etno-lingvistică ............................................................... 30 1.1.2. ÎnfăŃişarea şi îmbrăcămintea .......................................................... 31 1.1.3. ViaŃa cotidiană. Principalele ocupaŃii ............................................ 32 1.2. Structurile sociale .................................................................................. 42 1.2.1. AristocraŃia .................................................................................... 42 1.2.2. Oamenii liberi ................................................................................ 47 1.2.3. Sclavia la geto-daci ........................................................................ 49 1.2.4. Femeia în societatea geto-dacă ...................................................... 51 2. Structuri social-economice şi juridice în Dacia romană .......................... 53 2.1. PopulaŃia – autohtoni şi colonişti .......................................................... 54 Autohtonii ................................................................................................ 54 Coloniştii ................................................................................................. 57 2.2. Dreptul roman şi structurile social-juridice .......................................... 59 Ordinul senatorial ................................................................................... 61 Ordinul cavalerilor .................................................................................. 61 Plebea ...................................................................................................... 61 Sclavii ...................................................................................................... 62 2.3. Caracterizarea structurilor sociale în Dacia Romană ............................ 62 2.4. Tipuri de comunităŃi umane în Dacia Romană ..................................... 67 2.4.1. ComunităŃile teritoriale .................................................................. 68 Coloniile .............................................................................................. 69 Municipiile ........................................................................................... 70 Canabae ............................................................................................... 71 Pagus ................................................................................................... 72 Vicus .................................................................................................... 72 Alte aşezări .......................................................................................... 73 2.4.2. ComunităŃile economico-sociale .................................................... 74 Obştea sătească ................................................................................... 74 Colegiile ............................................................................................... 75 2.4.3. ComunităŃile religioase .................................................................. 76 2.5. Câteva trăsături ale vieŃii cotidiene ....................................................... 77 3. TendinŃe sociale în spaŃiul dobrogean (secolele II – VI) .......................... 80 4. PopulaŃia şi noua ordine socială în Dacia postromană ............................. 84 4.1. PopulaŃia autohtonă după retragerea aureliană ..................................... 86 4.2. Răspândirea creştinismului la daco-romani .......................................... 90 4.3. PopulaŃiile migratoare şi contactul cu autohtonii (secolele I – VIII) .... 93 SarmaŃii-iazigi .......................................................................................... 95 Vandalii .................................................................................................... 96 GoŃii .......................................................................................................... 96 Hunii ......................................................................................................... 98 Gepizii ..................................................................................................... 100 Avarii ...................................................................................................... 102 Slavii ....................................................................................................... 104 Bulgarii ................................................................................................... 106 SOCIETATEA FEUDALĂ ROMÂNESCĂ ............................................... 109 1. Începuturile feudalităŃii româneşti .......................................................... 109 1.1.RealităŃi demografice. De la aşezarea maghiarilor în Pannonia la invazia mongolă ......................................................................................... 111 1.1.1. Maghiarii şi pătrunderea acestora în Transilvania. Secuii şi colonizarea saşilor .................................................................................. 112 Secuii ................................................................................................... 115 Colonizarea saşilor ............................................................................. 117 Cavalerii teutoni în łara Bârsei ......................................................... 121 O nouă încercare eşuată. Cavalerii ioaniŃi. ........................................ 123 1.1.2. Pecenegii, uzii şi cumanii. Marea invazie tătaro-mongolă ............ 123 Pecenegii ............................................................................................ 123 Uzii ..................................................................................................... 125 Cumanii .............................................................................................. 125 Marea invazie tătaro-mongolă ........................................................... 127 1.2. Societatea rurală. Obştea sătească ...................................................... 130 1.3. Cristalizarea relaŃiilor feudale ............................................................. 134 1.3.1. Originea boierimii în spaŃiul românesc ......................................... 138 Originea slavă a boierimii .................................................................. 139 Rolul cumanilor în procesul de constituire a boierimii de la sud şi răsărit de CarpaŃi ............................................................................... 142 1.3.2. Statutul social-economic şi juridic al cnezilor .............................. 143 2. Statul medieval românesc. InstituŃionalizarea feudalităŃii .................... 147 2.1. Organizarea instituŃională ................................................................... 148 2.1.1. Domnia şi structura puterii ........................................................... 149 Adunarea stărilor ............................................................................... 153 Sfatul domnesc .................................................................................... 155 2.1.2. Organizarea administrativă ........................................................... 156 2.1.3. Organizarea judecătorescă ............................................................ 157 2.1.4. Organizarea militară ..................................................................... 160 6 Oastea de pace .................................................................................. 160 Oastea de război ................................................................................ 162 2.1.5. Organizarea bisericească .............................................................. 163 2.1.5. Organizarea fiscală ......................................................................
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