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Caprifoliaceae-Compositae SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY NUMBER 46 Flora of Micronesia, 4: Caprifoliaceae-Compositae F. Raymond Fosberg and Marie-HelenerSachet SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington 1980 ABSTRACT Fosberg, F. Raymond, and Marie-Helene Sachet. Flora of Micronesia, 4: Caprifoliaceae-Compositae. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany, number 46, 7 1 pages, 1 figure, 1980.-The fourth installment of the Flora of Micronesia includes a brief introduction with acknowledgments and references to previ- ously published parts of the flora. A floristic taxonomic account of the Caprifoliaceae, Campanulaceae, Goodeniaceae, and Compositae of Microne- sia is given with descriptions, keys, synonymy, ethnobotany (including ver- nacular names and uses), and citations of geographic records and herbarium specimens. OFFICIALPUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution’s annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIESCOVER DESIGN: Leaf clearing from the katsura tree Cercidiphyllum japonicum Siebold and Zuccarini. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Fosberg, Francis Raymond, 1908- Flora of Micronesia. (Smithsonian contributions to botany, no. 20, 24, 36, 46) Includes bibliographies. Contents: 1. Gymnospermae.-2. Casuarinaceae, Piperaceae, and Myricaceae.- 3. Convo1vulaceae.-4. Caprifoliaceae-Compositae. Supt. of Docs. no.: SI 1.29:20 1. Botany-Micronesia. 2. Ethnobotany-Micronesia. I. Sachet, Marie-Helene, joint au- thor. 11. Title. 111. Series: Smithsonian Institution. Srnithsonian contributions to botany. no. 20 [etc.] QKlS2747 [QK473.M5] no. 20, etc. 581s [581.996’5 74-113161 Contents Page Introduction ............................................. 1 CAPRIFOLIACEAE.................................. ............ 4 CAMPANULACEAE................................................. 5 GOODENIACEAE.................. .............................. 6 COMPOSITAE...................................... ............... 12 Synonyms and Misapplied Names ................................... 68 Literature Cited ................. ............................ 71 ... 111 Flora of Micronesia, 4: Caprifoliaceae-Composit ae F. Raymond Fosberg and Marie-Helene Sachet Introduction scope and arrangement, reference may be made to the introductory pages of the first installment. The fourth installment of the Flora of Micro- In citations of specimens, the collector’s name nesia treats four families, all those in the Engler and number are italicized and the herbaria where system following the Rubiaceae, except the Cu- they are deposited are indicated only if the spec- curbitaceae, which is placed by us earlier in the imen has been examined by the authors. Herbar- sequence with its obvious relatives, the Caricaceae ium symbols are according to the 6th edition of and Passifloraceae. Of the families treated here Index Herbariorum, Part I, compiled by Holmgren the Caprifoliaceae and the Campanulaceae are and Keuken, 1974. In this edition the symbols each represented by one introduced species of one “HAW” for the University of Hawaii and genus. Of the Goodeniaceae there is one very “GUAM” for the University of Guam, are intro- widespread indigenous strand species. The Com- duced, differing from those used for these two positae (Asteraceae) include, in Micronesia, 37 herbaria in installments 1 and 2. The symbol Mi genera, 5 of them indigenous (3 of these perhaps is used for the herbarium of the Mid-Pacific doubtfully so) and 32 exotic, either spontaneous Marine Laboratory, at Eniwetok, Marshall Is- or cultivated. Of the 55 species, 9 are probably lands. The symbol “Fo” is used for specimens still indigenous (several doubtfully so), 45 introduced, in the possession of the authors. We wish to thank, and one a spontaneous hybrid between 2 of the again, the authorities of the various herbaria exotic species. where we have studied or borrowed material, for This installment follows essentially the format the privilege of using their collections and for of the first three (Smithsonian Contributions to Botany their hospitality. 20, 24, and 36). Further and more complete As mentioned in the first installment we cannot bibliographic detail may be found in Sachet and list the many persons who helped us in the field, Fosberg, Island Bibliographies (1955), and its Sup- in herbaria, and in the office. However, we must plement (197 l), with annotations and a complete express our special appreciation to Mr. Royce list of serial abbreviations. Oliver for handling, keeping available, and re- For details of the history and circumstances of cording data from herbarium specimens, and to the present flora, as well as an explanation of its Miss Dulcie Powell for compiling, checking, and organizing geographical, ethnobotanical, and F. Raymond Fosberg and Marie-Helene Sachet, Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Wash- bibliographical data and for supervising typing ington, D. C. 20560. of parts of the earlier drafts of the manuscript. 1 I I io' 135' 140' 145' 1500 30° 9, 0 100 zoo 300 400 500 Statute Miles I 1 8 I I I I RYUKYU 0 I jok inow a - jimo BONlN Ha ha - jima' I s L A N DS 'Dai tb- jima K i to io- Jimo. ISLANDS - - 2S0 Iwo Jimo, VOLCANO ISLANDS / - Minomi j d-- . - 46 - imo / Marcus- #- # /- / +- I / - / / Parece Vela 4 Uracor *pueAsuncion Agrigan MAR IAN AS OPaaan PHIL1PPlNE 'Rota 4 Guam ISLANDS Santa Rosa Reef Samor I550 I60° I65O I700 I750 I800 3 0' 25' 2 oo 15' rPokak I*Bikar I Eniwetok..:, Bikini :& .::Rongeiap .. Utirik A i1 in g i nae ri on gerl k"'Ta ka I Ailuk,.: Wothol Ujel ang .'.) 90 Jero)Likir;Mejit I I00 '9 '9 Kwoj olein ,. .;.?+ .?Wot/e M A R S H A L L ilo ..: <, <, u j ae'.l.Lao,>; Zrikub 'f?Maloelap I + Lib.: ,':. Au r uin .. ISLANDS ,.Oroluk Paltin Namu '" .: Jabwot 1 ma ',.oPONAPE A iI inglapalapK Majuro<.,.::.&no I Ant Moki'i' ~.pinqelap Jalui+2: 0 :::!.M~li Kt01 I ?, . '"kga t ik .t 'Knox Namorik" "'~ili9,+ 50 rdn OKUSAIE ,.: I ""Eboh i Nukuoro I 9+ ;;Little Mokin ~BUtarltarl(Makin)1 ': ': Kopingamarangi O0 .Nauru A ranuka I Banaba- Nonoutii, Beru I (Ocean) Tabiteueah ! onotoa Nikunaul ter--- -- --- Tamana' JAiorai -----z --- , --/ E LLICE 5O ISLANDS 165' I 70° 1150" I 80° I I I ': I 4 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY Mrs. Rosemary Lardner very competently put lobes, anthers 2-celled, introrsely (or extrorsely) together and retyped the various parts of the longitudinally dehiscent; pistil 1, ovary inferior, manuscript prepared by earlier typists. locules 1-5, ovules 1 in a locule, rarely more, In preparing this account we have found Dr. pendulous, style 1, stigma as many lobed as ovary- Josephine Koster’s account of certain of the Com- cells; fruit a berry, drupe or capsule; seeds with positae of Malaysia (1935) and that of the Aster- endosperm. aceae of Java by Backer and Bakhuizen van den A widely distributed family but with rather few Brink (1965) very helpful. We have also benefit- genera and not many species. One species planted ted from the advice of the reviewers, Dr. D. H. in Micronesia. Nicolson and Dr. Harold Robinson. As in the earlier parts of the flora, we have been helped Sambucus L. greatly by the bibliographic work of Mrs. M. J. van Steenis-Kruseman and Wm. T. Stearn Sambucus L., Gen. PI. ed. 5, 130, 1754 [1753] (1954), F. A. Stafleu (1967) and F. A. Stafleu and Usually shrubs or small trees, rarely herbs; R. S. Cowan (1976), where exact dates of publi- leaves pinnately compound, sometimes bipinnate, cation of a great many early works are established stipules peglike, interpetiolar, if present; inflores- or clarified. cence a flat-topped or strongly convex paniculate Besides our own field work, the greater part of cyme; corolla white or cream colored, rotate or our information on the morphology, occurrence, saucer-shaped, often somewhat zygomorphic; distribution, and ethnobotany has come from fruit a berry with 2-6 seeds. herbarium specimens and their labels. Too sel- A widespread genus in temperate, subtropical, dom is appreciation expressed to the numerous or montane tropical areas. One species widely collectors who have provided this vast store of planted in the tropics including Micronesia. data for use by their successors. We are glad to offer our thanks to them. Sambucus mexicana Presl ex de Candolle In the paragraph headed “Uses” under the various species, we have, where the material was Sambucus mexicana Presl ex de Candolle, Prodr., 4:322, 1830.- not too verbose, copied more or less verbatim Fosberg, Falanruw, & Sachet, Srnithsonian Contr. Bot., from field labels, field notes, published articles 22:41, 1975. Sambucus mexicana var. bipinnata (Schlechtendal & Chamisso) and books, but have used quotation marks only Schwerin, Mitt. Deutsche Dendr. Ges., 18:38,325, 1909.- where they seem useful to clarify the source of the Fosberg, Occ. Pap. Bishop Mus., 23:43-44, 1962.-Fos- information. The sources are always provided, berg & Sachet, Atoll Res. Bull. 92:36, 1962.-Stone, Mi- except in cases where the information is from our cronesica, 6:567, 1971. own personal knowledge. Sambucusjavanzca sensu Kanehira in herb. [non Reinwardt ex Blume, Bijdr. 13:657, 18261. Sambucus canadensis sensu Fosberg in herb. [non L., Sp. PI. CAPRIFOLIACEAE 269, 17531. Woody plants or more rarely herbs, habit var- Small tree or shrub, strongly sprouting from ious, perennial; leaves opposite, simple or com- roots, branchlets slender, not fistulose, glabrous; pound, usually exstipulate, rarely with modified leaflets ovate to ovate-elliptic, acuminate, serrate, stipules;
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