A

B R I E F H I S T O RY

O F T H E

N E WAR K AC AD E M Y

1 774 1 792 1 9 1 6 M /

' N I \

C O N T R I B U T I O N T O T H E C E L E B R A T I O N O F T H E 2 5 ot b A N N I V E R S A R Y O F T H E F O U N D I N G O F N E WA R K M AY 1 9 6 . 1

D . Ph . SAMUEL AS HBEL FARRAND ,

e and | 8 75 ~ l 90 8 H ad Master , A

B R I E F H I S T O R Y

O F T H E

N E WAR K ACAD E M Y

1 7 74 1 792 1 9 1 6

WI L S O N FAR RAN D

C O N T R I B U T I O N T O T H E C E L E B R A T I O N O F T H E 2 5 ot b A N N I V E R S A R Y O F T H E F O U N D I N G O F N E WA R K ‘ M AY 1 6 . 9 1

OR the cel ebration of the Centennial o f the founding o f the I w r Ne k c dem 1892 Will im . I a A a y in , Mr . a R Weeks , at that

o f l umni time President the A Association , prepared a

o o f sketch f the history the Academy, in regard to which he had

for a long time been collecting data . S m e My father, Dr . a u l A . Farrand , for many years had been investigating the early records and gathering material for a his

tory of the school , two chapters of which had been completed at

the time of his death in l 90 8 .

o The present sketch makes n pretense to originality . It is

on based the investigations of Dr . Farrand and Mr . Weeks, and in compiling it free use has been made o f the materials gathered

by them . In some cases I have not hesitated to use their words .

It is my desire and intention , at some time in the not very

o remote future , to make this brief sketch the basis f a more com

e te . o f c dem pl and adequate history The true history the A a y,

o f however, and the best record its achievement is to be found

in the list o f the able and worthy men , whom for a century and a quarter it has been training and sending o ut to act as leaders in

the civic and intellectual life of the community .

WILS ON FARRAND .

M1 2 7 30

THE NEWARK ACADEMY

3 " i I CH INl zi THE F RST S OOLS

666 Newark was first settled in May, 1 .

The first school in New Jersey, in all probability, was estab

ish ed 1662 l in Bergen in , and was taught by Engelbert Steen

16 76 . huys en . The first school in Newark began its work in 6 At a Town Meeting held in November, 1 75 , it was voted

Item—The Town ' s Men have Liberty to see if th ey can

find a competent Number o f Schollars , and accommodations for

o f a School Master, within this Town , and in the records another meeting o n the 7th o f February following we read : Item—The Town hath consented that the Town ' s Men should perfect the Bargain with the School Master for the Year , upon Condition that he will come for this Year, and do his faith

ful , honest, and true Endeavor , to teach the Children or servants o f those as have subscribed , the reading and writing o f English , and also Arethmetick if they desire it "as much as they are cap able to learn and he capable to teach them , within the Compass — of this Year nowise hin dring but that he may make what bar gain he please , with those as have not subscribed . It is voted , ' that the Town s Men have Liberty to compleat the Bargain with

'

the School Master , they knowing the Town s Mind .

Under this authority John Catlin was employed , and became

the first teacher in Newark . He appears to have been an active

- on e and public spirited man , at time holding the office o f town

'

attorney, and at another being chosen as on e of the Town s Men . The first school -house was probably the on e known to be

1 o o standing in 1 7 4, a l g house with a dirt floor, n the south

o f side Market Street near Halsey . In 1 746 . , Rev . Aaron Burr , Pastor of the First Presbyterian

Church , established a classical school , which was very prosper ous and attained a wide reputation . It was later united with The Col

o f lege New Jersey, which had been founded at Elizabeth , but D . icki which , upon the death of its first President, Rev Jonathan n

son , was removed to Newark , Mr . Burr becoming its President . 6 The College was removed to Princeton in 1 75 , and later became known as Princeton College . It was not, however , until 189 6 f that its title was o ficially changed to Princeton University .

THE {IRST ACADEMY IN NEWARK " At 774 a town meeting held March , it was "i t O S o o n V fied , that a ch ol house may be built any of the Comon Land in Newark— and the particular Place shall be where a maj or Part of the Subscribers in Value shall appoint . This action undoubtedly had reference to the organization of the Academy, which was then in progress . Unfortunately the records of this organization were lost, but it is known that b sufficient money was subscribed y interested citizens , and a building erected .

o f This building stood near the south side Washington Park ,

o f directly Opposite the residence the late Beach V anderpool . It " is described as , a sightly and commodious stone edifice , two stories high , with dwelling rooms for the teacher and his family, besides accommodations for pupils who might desire to be lodged and boarded . Among the Trustees of the Academy were Rev .

McWh orter . Alexander , William Burnet, Esq , Caleb Camp , Esq

Jonathan Crane , and Alexander Eagles . The following advertisement appeared in the New York

‘ io f 2 a e . Jomnal or the Gener l Advert s r, Nov 4, 1 774 : " Wanted immediately

- At the Academy at Newark , in New Jersey, an English

- school master . None need apply but a person who can bring

o f ample testimonials his being capable of instructing youth , in the several branches o f reading, writing , and arithmetic, and of his good character . Such a on e will meet with good encourage

or ment, by applying to William Camp lsaac Longworth at

Newark .

' In the Poets Corner O f the New York Journal or the G en

a o 12 1 775 : i r . er l Advert ser f Jan , , we read "The following verses were spoken by a boy at the opening

- o f the Academy at Newark , in New Jersey, upon the fourth

to instant, addressed the Gentlemen concerned in building that elegant structure ' AMIDS T the ranks who try by different ways,

To purchase honors or to merit praise ,

The G OD -LIKE MAN how rare "How few like YOU Disinterested paths to fame pursue "

' YOU who l avish d sums ( the fruits of peace) TO bless the present and succeeding race "

To sing your praise MY infant miuse is weak , But what SHE cannot, let th s fabric speak "

'

Yet deign t accept the tribute o f my lay,

For thanks is all a poet has to pay .

' O s d may your labors with succes be crown ,

' ' W RK it rature ren o d And NE A still for l wn ,

S O o shall fair science bless ur happy land ,

'

And in fame s roll , your names immortal stand . i 6th Newark , January , 1 774 . ( 1 775 )

At the Town Meeting held on March 14 , 1 775 , it was " V o f oted unanimously, that One Acre and an half Land in the Town Commons at the North End o f the Town , may be

' taken up for the Use o f the new Academy lately erected on s d

' land . V oted , that Lewis Ogden E sq r , William Camp , Isaac ’

Ogden Esq Capt . Anthony Rutgers , Joseph Hedden Jun r ,

o f Samuel Hayes , and Joseph Alling , or any four them be a Com mittee to out lay one Acre and an half o f Land , for the Use of the "

Academy in such Manner as they shall think proper . In N i the ew York Journal or the General Advert ser for ’ 23 1 775 Rivin on s N w k az March , , also in gt e Yor G etteer for the

same date , the following announcement appeared : " The ACADEMY lately erected in a healthy part O f the

o f pleasant town Newark in New Jersey, about eight miles from

o the city Of New York , will on the third day f April next, be fit for the reception o f the masters proper for the instruction o f

youth , and o f such children as can with conveniency lodge and

board therein . There will be taught the learned languages and

several branches Of Math ematicks . There will be also an Eng

lish School for the teaching o f Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, and

Bookkeeping in the usual and Italian Methods . Different rooms

will be made use o f for each branch of instruction "and such as choose may have their children taught the English tongue gram

atical m l y . The boys are separated from the girls in the English

' School . Those who can t board in the Academy, may have good

lodging near the same in private families . The regulation and general direction O f the instruction o f the scholars will be under o f the the auspices of the Governors Academy, who will from

o f ’ time to time inspect the conduct the several masters , an d x i e o f e am ne the improv ments their pupils in learn ing . "

. on Mr William Haddon , e long experienced by several Of the said governors to be well qualified to teach the learned Lan

Mathematick s guages and the , will have the superintendency o f

s the youth to be taught in tho e branches of learning , and Robert Allan and S on to have the care and keeping the schools for the

Arith t me ic instruction of Reading , Writing , k, and Bookkeeping , who have discharged those trusts to the great satisfaction of their employers . As the intention of the benefactors and builders o f this stately edifice , is for preparing youth to be useful members o f n the commu ity, the greatest care will be taken not only to have them well instructed in the branches of learning which their parents respectively order, but also in the paths o f virtue and morality : Care also will be taken that they attend public worship at the usual times o f holding the same at the churches to which they belong , there being in the said town two churches , one " the Church of England , and the other the Presbyterian the

o f i ministers which , for the t me being, are always to be of the number Of the said Governors, and it is hoped that they, with the other Governors , will give that attendance to the trust they

and have undertaken , as will answer the laudable end proposed , give ample satisfaction to the parents and guardians of children sent to the said Academy .

Newark , l oth March , 1 775 .

N . B . The tuition money for teaching the learned Languages

o ic £ and branches f Math emat ks is 5 . New York currency per annum . Reading the English Language 8 shillings per quarter .

Reading and writing English 10 shillings per quarter . Reading, "

ith ic . Writing , and Ar met k 12 shillings per q uarter

Newark at that time was a small village with less than

O f inhabitants , and it is strong evidence their liberality and public spirit that they should from their limited means build , what was " for for that time , a stately and commodious edifice their new

' for Academy . They were proud o f their school , and a time its

o f Revol u prosperity equalled their expectations . The War the o tion , however, broke out . Principal Hadd n was an ardent Loy

i. alist, and fled to New York for protect on Another teacher was procured and an attempt was made to continue the work of the r a s chool . It was finally given up , howeve , and the school found new service in the cause of liberty, being used as a barracks,

8 - d hos ta for t an il . guard house , p American roops On the night o f 8 0 January 25 , 1 7 , it was burned to the ground by a raiding party of British from New York .

The following account o f this episode is copied fr om the

N o f 780 : ew Jersey Journal February 2 , 1 " o f The same night another party Of the enemy, consisting drafts from the different regiments stationed in New York , ' s " pa sed over the North River in sleighs , to Powle s Hook from

en thence through Bergen , the nearest way to Newark . They t e d re the town in three divisions , and proceeded to the academy, where they surprised and took about fifteen men , being all the — twith o troops that were on duty in the town a lieutenant, n standing he was twice a prisoner with the enemy, by his vigilance

o effected his escape . They then set fire t the academy, which they consumed , during which time a party was detached to sev

' eral Of the inhabitants houses, which they rifled of the most val nable effects "that which was not portable they destroyed . They

inhab two took Off Justice Hedden and Robert Neil , Jun . , of the itan ts u o t The former gentleman was taken u of his bed , and without any o f his clothes on except his shirt and a pair of stockings , carried Off, notwithstanding the strongest solicitations

fi e ss O . i fo m in Of Mrs Hedden to the Of cers , r p r for her husband to o dress himself . She received two wounds with a bayonet, n e in the face, the other in the breast . " They continued in town about fifteen or eighteen minutes.

A few militia being hastily collected , pursued their rear , by which

o f o means five the enemy fell into their hands . Two f them died a short time after fr om the intense cold . Justice Hedden is so

- frost bitten , that it is thought he will lose both his legs .

so For twelve years there was no Academy in Newark , and far as the records sh ow n o school was maintained .

THE NEWARK ACADEMY

' at Gifi ord s On November 30 , 1 79 1 , a meeting was held l Wh orter . Tavern , at which Rev. Dr . Alexander Mc , Rev Uza Ogden and Mr . John Burnet were appointed a committeie to solicit o subscriptions for rebuilding the Old Academy, r erect ng a new

on e . o Articles f association wer e signed , in which it was declared " to t be the duty , interest and honor of the town to promo e the education o f youth by erecting a large and convenient Academy

or an f eaching English, the learned Languages , and Arts d t " Sciences. o n The original subscription list, written parchment, is still in the possession of the Academy Trustees .

At a meeting held February 3, 1 792 , Isaac Gouverneur was

O " . chosen President f the Association Rev Uzal Ogden , Secre

Mc o r te " . . Wh r . tary and Rev Dr Alexander , Rev Uzal Ogden , n Isaac Gouver eur , William P . Smith , Abraham Ogden , Samuel K Hay, Moses Ogden , Philip earney and Dr . Uzal Johnson , Stand ing Committee .

o f n At a meeting the sta ding committee , held February 3,

1 792 o f , the size and style the building were agreed upon , and

Who rter . Mc . . Rev . Dr , Rev Mr Ogden , Abraham Ogden , Philip Kearny and Elisha Boudinot were appointed a committee to

Obtain further donations .

o f At a meeting the proprietors , held on the 8 th O f Febru 7 2 a ary, 9 , a gener l constitution was agreed upon and adopted .

o f Two articles this constitution are of permanent interest, and are as follows :

Article I . Al l the subscribers to the building shall be con s id er ed i o f as sole propr etors in common the Academy, and shall hold their interest in it, and in all property now pertaining , o r that shall hereafter pertain to it, in proportion to the amount Of their respective subscriptions "and they shall be known by the name and stile of The Proprietors of the Academy in Newark"

The deed for the land on which the building shall stand , shal l be

n ot made to them as Tenants in Common , and as Joint Tenants, t o be had and holden to them and their assigns for the uses and

o purposes hereinafter expressed , and for n other purpose what ever .

I". l ot The and land purchased by the proprietors , and the building which shal l be erected thereon , with all the property which may hereafter pertain to the institution , shall never be appropriated to any uses or purposes but for the education o f a youth , in the English , French , Latin and Greek L nguages, and in for S Arts and Sciences , and the upport and accommodation Of

o f Tutors and Masters, except the third story the Academy, which

com will be the property Of the fraternity o f Free Masons, they plying with the terms proposed and agreed on . It is evident that the committee having in charge the erec tion o f the new building thought that they were the legitimate successors o f those who governed the former school which was

o 26 1 792 destroyed by the British , for , n September , , they " McWhorter Rev"Mr . Resolved , that the Rev. Doctor , the 10 b . A m . i . Ogden , Judge Sm th , Mr Ogden and Mr Boudinot be a

t o Committee thank the Hon . Elias Boudinot and the Hon . Abra ham Clark for their services in endeavouring to Obtain Of C on

gress an Indemnification for the Academy in this Town , burnt by the British Troops , and also to transmit to those Gentlemen Documents respecting the Exp ences of said Building and its being burnt as aforesaid because it was occupied as a Guard House by " the American Troops . At the close o f the Revolution many such claims for indem nity were made by institutions and individuals whose property

o f had been destroyed by the British . . None these were granted , and th e claim o f the Academy proved as fruitless as did the

others . The episode clearly shows , however , that, while there is no record of any corporate connection between the two insti tutions fo d ’ e S , the un r o f the Newark Academy regarded them selves as the direct successors O f the men who had built the first ad m A e 1 77 . 4 . McWhor ter y in Rev Dr . who was a leading spirit in the establishment o f the new Academy appears to be the only on e who o f had been a Governor the first school , a circumstance which is probably explained by the fact that several of the first board are known to have been Loyalists , and had either left

or Newark , no longer occupied positions o f influence in the com munity .

On April 13, 1 793 Abraham Ogden and Elisha Boudinot " were appointed a committee to petition the Legislature of the State t o grant a Lottery to raise a sum not exceeding 8 0 0 pounds

o for the benefit of the Academy, and n June 22 the committee ad reported that the Legislature h granted the lottery . Isaac

Gouverneur, Abraham Ogden , Elisha Boudinot, William Burnet

C ol . and John N . Cumming were appointed managers , and were each required to give security to the extent of The records o f the Academy show that the lottery was car ried out and duly drawn , but do not state the amount of money that was secured by this means . The site selected for the new building was on the west side

Of Broad Street, at what is now the corner of Academy Street, at present occupied by the Post Office . The plot was purchased 3 1 792 September , , in the names o f the Trustees as individuals ,

to and they failed convey it to the institution . It stood in their 8 names until 1 2 1 , when the legislature passed an act vesting the " " O title in The Trustees f Newark Academy, subj ect to the right or o f claim any person or persons derived from said trustees .

This proviso referred to the rights in the building o f St . ' John s Lodge . The Lodge and its members had contributed

to b liberally the uilding fund , in consideration Of which it was to have the use forever Of the third story . This relation later led to situations that were both serious and amusing . The work o f erecting the building was begun early in the 1 792 spring of , although the deed to the l ot was not Obtained until the following September . The building, which was o f brick,

- and three stories high , extended sixty six feet in front on Broad

thii' - t Street, and was y four feet in depth . At a later date a two o story extensi n was added at the north end . The cornerstone was laid with Masonic ceremonies on June 2 25 , 1 79 , the exercises being conducted by Gen . John N . Cum

o ming , on e o f the Governors f the Academy and Worshipful

bro Master of the Lodge. The corner stone was a slab of wrr e stone, about a foot thick , four and a half feet long and two f et 8 5 6 wide . When the building was torn down in 1 , the stone was removed to the new Academy grounds on High Street . There, with its inscription underneath, it served for many years as a

o s step at the side door, trodden n by hundreds of school boy without a suspicion o f its historic character . When the new gym n asium 18 8 7 O l d was built in , the corner stone was discovered , cleaned and placed in t h e wall Of the building .

The inscription , rudely carved in Roman letters , is still

: decipherable , and is as follows Auspicante DEO

Aedifi cii

ecton ica . rchit e Literarum A q

o bus dicati Faut ri sub auspiciis G EORG II WASHING TON

tae raesidis Americae F o ed era P Patris Patriae Amatissimi ( G ul iel m o Patterson Neo Caesariae tunc G ubern atore )

ad emiae C urat or es Ac ( Plaudente ingenti Ordinis ia tecto icifr e uen t Archi n q ) Lapidem hun c primum

S ol enniter Po suerun t Die ""V Junii Anno S al utis MDCC"CII

ecto icae hit n Aerae Aec I I CC"CII

12

Translated , it reads

By the blessing o f God , Under the auspicious Govern ment o f

George Washington ,

e Th beloved Father o f his Country,

o President of the United States f America ,

(and William Patterson ,

e rse Governor of New J y, )

The Governors o f the Academy, ( amidst the acclamations

r eerriaso s of a large concourse of F n , ) Laid the Foundation Stone

of this building , Dedicated to the Patrons o f

Literature and Freemasonry, h On the 25 t day of June , In the year of Our Lord 1 792

And of the Aera o f Freemasonry, 5 792 .

It is said that the inscription was first written in English , and then translated into Latin by Judge William Pear tr ee Smith . School work was begun without waiting for the completion "

of the building . At a meeting O f the Governors o f the Aca " o demy in Newark, n May 7, 1 792 , present Isaac Gouverneur,

E s Hon: r . . . cWhorter . . M q , Prest , Rev Dr , Rev Uzal Ogden ,

s r . E s r . Judge Smith , Abraham Ogden , E q , Thomas Bennet, q ,

' s Mr . Philip Kearney, John N . Cumming, E q r . , and Elisha Boudi

no t Es r . fert . Mo f , q , it was resolved , that Mr James , of Scotland , be invited to take the charge of this academy, for at least three

o - i years , with a salary f eighty f ve guineas per annum , but that , O fi to previous to his entrance in f ce , he shall give satisfaction the governors o f this seminary o f his abilities properly to discharge f the duties o his function .

It was also resolved , that if the moneys of the academy,

n s - fi ve arisi g from tuition , hal l be more than the sum of eighty

hi shall to guineas, thus annually to be raised m, he be entitled receive the surplus .

o e There is n further mention o f Mr . Mo fl rt, and we are left " to infer either that he failed to give satisfaction O f his abilities , or that he declined the mun ifi cen t Offer .

th e Mr . At same meeting , it was further resolved , that Jonathan Baldwin take the charge o f the academy for the quar

I 3 ter of the year next ensuing . Thus it appears th at Mr . Jonath an

Baldwin was the first teacher in the Academy . Where the school was held while the new building was in course of erection is uncertain , as well as when the new building was first used for school purposes . 28 1 792 On December , , it was Resolved , That the Rev.

. o Mr Ogden engage a house ( to teach in ) f James V . Pool , for on e 30 quarter, for shillings , and engage some carpenter em ployed at the academy to make suitable benches and tables for " o f said room at the expense the academy . " 13 1 79 3 On April , , it was Agreed that fifty shillings per quarter for the present be paid to Josiah Jones for his work " sh O p for a room to accommodate the scholars o f the Academy . 2 7 On June 4, 1 93, the governors o f the Academy engaged

Mr . John Penman , as a teacher of the French language , to teach 6 ' ( for the present) in the Court House , from to 8 O clock in the morning .

’

St . John s Lodge Room on the third floor was dedicated with appropriate ceremonies , June 16 , 1 795 , and the Academy

o . records show that n November 3 of the same year Rev . Mr " Ogden was authorized to raise money to finish another room in the Academy, so that it is evident that the new building was in use by 1 795 . An interesting side light on the methods employed to raise money is given in the statement in the records that on March " 30 7 , 1 95 , it was Agreed that Rev . Mr . Ogden be empowered to sell the negro man James given by Mr . Watts for as much

o ' Ma 8 1 795 ed money as he will s ell for, and , that n y , , he report " 0 that he had sold Negro James to Mr . Moses Ogden for 4 pounds payable in two months . 2 7 796 It is also mentioned in the minutes of August , 1 , that a Mr . Mitchell was engaged to teach dancing . 9 1 795 The Academy was incorporated , April 2 , , under " the act entitled An act to incorporate societies for the promo

McWh orter . tion O f learning , and Rev . Dr . Alexander , Rev

e Uzal Ogden , Judge William P artr ee Smith , Judge Elisha Boudi

not, Samuel Ogden , Abraham Ogden and Gen . John N . Cum ming were elected trustees . The certificate Of incorporation was 6 filed June , 1 795 .

Isaac G ouvem eur had died shortly before this , and Rev .

cWhorter o f o f . Dr . M was elected president the board trustees

cWh ort er Upon the death of Dr . M , Elisha Boudinot was chosen

’

8 . by the board , May 14, 180 , as president

14 o From a set f rules issued by the Trustees in 1 79 7, it appears

to that the school hours were from eight twelve in the morning,

' six and from two to five in the afternoon , days in the week .

two There were vacations in the year Of three weeks each , one beginning on the third Monday in April , and the other on the third Monday in September . The rates O f tuition were as follows : for the Latin and

o Greek languages , four dollars per quarter , and tw dollars en

- trance "for the French Language , four dollars and sixty seven

o cents per quarter, and tw dollars entrance "for Geography or " the Mathematics , four dollars per quarter for any Pupils who may be taught English Writing and Arithmetic by the teacher of

o f the Latin and Greek Languages , or the teacher Geography o o r the Mathematics , two dollars and one half f a dollar per quarter "and for teaching Reading , Writing and Arithmetic in the English School , two dollars per quarter .

There were many changes o f teachers in the early years .

o The first to serve f r any length O f time was Thomas Findlay,

6 6 . who was appointed May 1 , 1 79 He remained as a teacher

80 . until 1 9 , although he was superseded as Head Master by Rev

William Woodbridge in 180 2 . The departments of Latin and

Greek remained under the control of Mr . Findlay, and were main tained separately from the other departments . In 18 0 2 the Trustees advertised that they and several Gen " e tl em n of the Town , having taken into consideration the high importance o f Female Education , had agreed to establish a

en Female Academy and Boarding School , and that they had " gaged Reverend William Woodbridge , a Gentleman O f very " " amiable Character , to take charge Of this Seminary and Board " O ff ing School . Mr . Woodbridge was ered the use of the rear "

O o . land , free f rent, n which to erect a building A spacious and convenient brick house , for the accommodation of the young

' ad ladies with the preceptor s family, was , soon after , erected joining the Academy. The advertisement stated that H In this Seminary shall be taught "The first principles of

fo r the English Language , and plain sewing , three dollars per quarter . The fine branches of Needle Work, the English Lan

tick Arithm e guage grammatically, Reading , Writing , , Composi

o for tion , History, and the use f the Globes five dollars per quar ter . The French Language for five dollars per quarter Drawing , vocal and instrumental Music on reasonable terms . It was also added that particular attention would be paid

15 to the manners , decency o f dress , as well as the morals o f

18 02 18 09 a i From to the boys nd g rls were taught together , but it was then thought wise to place them in separate depart ments and under different instructors . 9 80 On August , 1 9 , Rev . Samuel Whelpley Of Morristown

t O f was invited to ake charge the boys, and Rev. Timothy Alden of the girls . The announcement stated that "

Both sexes are taught in different apartments , under the

same roof, yet they enter the academy on different streets, and all intercourse is precluded .

Mr . Alden published quarterly catalogues , and these give many interesting details o f the work o f the young ladies in the " o Newark Academy. F r example , we learn that each pupil ranks in her respective class , gradually rising according to the merit o f o her performance . The head f each class receives , every Sat turda y, an honorary certificate , and goes to the foot of her class , " in order again to arrive at the same elevation . We are told that much time was spent in learning and recit ing memoriter select passages . Twenty duodecimo lines were called a lesson . Those young ladies who learn and recite with

to o such correctness as need very little or no prompting , f the

s - o f fi r t class twenty , of the second class fifteen , the third class twelve , and of the fourth class nine such lessons , in the course of

to exe the week , besides devoting a proper attention the other r cises of the academy, are considered as particularly meritorious , and receive a certificate o f approbation and applause . Mason on Self Knowledge appears to have been a favorite

o e book for this kind of work , and n O f the quarterly catalogues announces that : "

Miss Harriet Holden , Miss Catharine Gouverneur Ogden ,

re miss Amelia Maria Smith , and miss Emma Whitehead have p eated memoriter , select passages of the first part, and the whole of the second and third parts o f this work amounting to more " than three thousand lines .

In another place it is announced that " f i Since the commencement o the present year, m ss Eliza

intard a , of exer beth P Boudinot, in ddition to a variety other ' o f MacKean s cises , has repeated memoriter, the whole professor

u r Sacred Extracts , a duodecimo vol me , consisting Of four hund ed " ‘ s and sixty page .

16 ‘ Embroidery, needle work , and painting were regarded as very important, and the quarterly catalogues solemnly recount

e the variOus articles embroidered or paint d by the pupils . One Of these same quarterly catalogues also records that " Miss Elizabeth Pintard Boudinot and miss Ann Julia Stock to n have carefully performed various examples under as many

th etick th e o f rules in arim as are deemed expedient in education " a young lady . From this time until 18 5 5 few details Of the academic work o f the school have come down to us , but the records Of the Trus

o tees show that there were frequent changes f teachers , and apparently there was little stability of organization . " From an advertisement published in the Newark Adver tiser of January 2 , 18 35 , we learn that the school year had

- apparently been reduced to forty four weeks , and that the tuition

lis 20 a for Eng h subj ects was $ a year , and for L tin , Greek , Geo 2 metry, Astronomy, Criticism , Philosophy, etc . , $ 8 a year . It was also announced that an Evening School would be opened in the Academy for the benefit o f Young Gentlemen in Newark who might wish to avail themselves o f such an Opportunity for improvement . The advertisement is signed by Caleb Abbott,

o f who appears to have been the principal the school . A circular issued in 1844 gives the names of Isaac Harring

M. ton and Marcius Willson , A. , as Associate Principals . It " announces that There will be a vacation o f six weeks in July and August : ( term commencing the first Monday in September : )

o a vacation O f one week at the Holydays , and n e week in the " latter part o f April . The terms for board and tuition were $20 0 a year s F or tuition alone the charge in the Elementary classes 32 was $24 , in the Junior $ , and in the Senior classes $40 a year .

Modern Languages, Drawing and Painting were each $3 a quar ter extra , and there were additional charges for stationery, as well as for fuel during the winter season . '

The sharing Of ownership with St . John s Lodge did not prove an ent irely serene partnership , and from time to time con tr oversies to f arose over repairs dif erent parts of the building ,

the Academy trustee s declining to repair the roof, because their part Of the building was dry, and the Lodge refusing to repair

n o t the front stoop , claimin g that it did inconvenience their mem bers .

re On October 4, 1843, the Academy trustees solemnly " o f o solved , That, in the opinion the Board , the ownership f the fourth (third ) story of the Academy not being in us, but hav 17 ' o f i ing been conveyed to the Society Freemasons , it is not ncum b o n ent this Board in any manner to repair the same, and that

the Board do therefore decline to accede to the proposition of . the Masonic Society that one - half of the expense of a new roof " be borne by us .

There was also a good deal o f controversy caused by the

ss p erml mn given Rev . Mr . Woodbridge in 180 2 to erect a dwell ing house in the rear O f the Academy for the use of female boarders . Most o f the money for the erection of this building was contributed by certain friends of the Academy . These " " Associates as they called themselves claimed to Own the house , and it was not until 1846 that the conflicting claims were

finally adjusted .

~ One of the rooms in the Academy building was occupied , 828 18 36 ’ from 1 to , by the Newark Mechanics Association , for the purposes o f holding lectures and maintaining a circulating library .

A ri26 18 36 p l , , the Common Council of the City was given

' permission , with the consent of St . John s Lodge, to use the

o lodge room f r its meetings .

Apparently there was no Obj ection to su ch a use o f the

Academy building , but its use for religious purposes seems to

o 8 have been stern ly suppressed , for n April 4, 1 31, the Trustees

’ having been informed that the Mechanics Association had al

fo lowed the Episcopalians to use its room r religious purposes , voted that the Episcopalians must quit at once . That this was n o t due to sectarian prejudice is shown by the fact that when on February 7, 18 38 , Rev . Dr . William R . Weeks applied to the trustees for the temporary use Of a room , for the Fourth Presby terian Church , for religious worship , he was notified that the board could not extend to him more courtesy than had been shown to the Episcopalians seven years before .

'

The differences between St . John s Lodge and the Aca demy finally led the authorities o f the two organizations to de cide that it would be wise to dissolve the partnership . In Janu for ary, 18 5 5 , the Lodge agreed to accept its rights in o f c the building, and in the following May the Trustees the A a demy executed a deed to the United States o f America for 140 conveying a plot 1 14 feet on Broad Street, and feet on Academy Street. The Academy retained a plot in the 5 2 1 14 rear of this on Academy Street, of feet front and feet 18 5 8 deep , which was sold to the First Baptist Church in May, ,

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18 65 e i . ri In , Mr Farrand r s gned his position as p ncipal to establish a school in New York , leavin g the Academy in a flour ishing and prosperous condition .

He was succeeded by Mr . Caleb M . Harrison , State Super intend ent o f ho Public Schools, w took charge in September , 8 6 1 5 . 18 69 In , the Trustees appointed Mr . Harrison , Mr . Charles

M . Davis , and Maj or Edward R . Hopkins , a graduate o f West

Point, to conduct the school as Associate Principals . 8 1 70 . In , Mr Harrison resigned , and the school continued

under the charge of Mr . Davis and Maj or Hopkins until 18 75 .

In that year Mr . , now Dr Farrand was again appointed

Principal , and under his direction the school was entirely r eor

ied gan z . He remained as Head Master until his death in Novem 0 ber, 19 8 , although for several years before that he had done little active work , and his connection with the school had become largely advisory . 8 In March , 1 8 7, his son , Wilson Farrand , was appointed

Master in the Academy . In 1889 he became Associate Head 0 Master , and in 19 1, Head Master holding that Office j ointly

o with his father, and gradually assuming full control f the school .

In 188 7, an extension was built at the north end o f the

re Academy, containing a gymnasium , which at the time was garded as the largest and best equipped in the state . The Aca demy was one o f the first schools in the country to make physical training a regular part o f the curriculum , and since that time it has been an important and characteristic part o f its work .

In 1895 , a large extension was erected at the rear of the

main building , containing a study room for the upper forms, an

assembly room , laboratories and recitation rooms . In the same

on year the Pinneo property, adjoining the Academy grounds the south , was purchased and added to the school playground . a o f In 190 6 , gifts o f Alumni and friends purchased plot

it . on gro und at Orange and F rs Streets This plot, high ground a c overlooking Branch Brook P rk, has since been used by the A a o f demy as an Athletic Field , and is intended to be the site the

on to schoof itself. A movement is now foot raise funds , and as soon as a suffi cient sum has been secured to insure the eirection on of a new building, without encroaching the instruct on de partm en t and the salary list, the work will be begun . It is hoped that the building may be compl eted and the remov al accom pl ish ed in the year 19 18 .

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