ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY Volume 35 January 1991 No. 1
MINIREVIEW Antimicrobial Resistance among Enterococci. David J. Herman and Dale N. Gerding ...... 1-4
CHEMISTRY; BIOSYNTHESIS Cloning and Characterization of the Isopenicillin N Synthase Gene of Streptomy- ces griseus NRRL 3851 and Studies of Expression and Complementation of the Cephamycin Pathway in Streptomyces clavuligerus. Modesta Garcia-Dominguez, Paloma Liras, and Juan F. Martin ...... 44-52
MECHANISMS OF ACTION: PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS Interaction of the Antibiotic Sparsomycin with the Ribosome. E. Lazaro, A. San Felix, L. A. G. M. van den Broek, H. C. J. Ottenheijm, and J. P. G. Ballesta ...... 10-13 Effects of Ciprofloxacin on Plasmid DNA Supercoiling of Escherichia coli Topo- isomerase I and Gyrase Mutants. Vicente Aleixandre, Guadalupe Herrera, Amparo Urios, and Manuel Blanco ...... 20-23 Structure-Activity Study of Inhibition of Amphotericin B (Fungizone) Binding to Sterols, Toxicity to Cells, and Lethality to Mice by Esters of Sucrose. Ilona Gruda, David Milette, Michele Brother, Georges S. Kobayashi, Gerald Medoff, and Janina Brajtburg...... 24-28 Mechanism of Action of Anticandidal Dipeptides Containing Inhibitors of Glucosamine-6-Phosphate Synthase. Sjawomir Milewski, Ryszard Andruszkiewicz, Leszek Kasprzak, Jan Mazerski, Fiorenzo Mignini, and Edward Borowski ...... 36-43 ApH-Dependent Accumulation of Tetracycline in Escherichia coli. Akihito Yamaguchi, Hideki Ohmori, Midori Kaneko-Ohdera, Tamako Nomura, and Tetsuo Sawai ...... 53-56 Novel Method for Measurement of Outer Membrane Permeability to New ,-Lactams in Intact Enterobacter cloacae Cells. Francis Bellido, Jean-Claude Pech6re, and Robert E. W. Hancock ...... 68-72 Reevaluation of the Factors Involved in the Efficacy of New ,-Lactams against Enterobacter cloacae. Francis Bellido, Jean-Claude Pechere, and Robert E. W. Hancock ...... 73-78 W-1 Solubilization and Kinetics of Inhibition by Cilofungin of Candida albicans (1,3)-p-D-Glucan Synthase. J. Tang and T. R. Parr, Jr...... 99-103 Killing of Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Receptor-Mediated Drug Delivery. Sadhana Majumdar and Sandip K. Basu ...... 135-140 Differential Inhibition of Chitin Synthetases 1 and 2 from Saccharomyces cerevi- siae by Polyoxin D and Nikkomycins. Enrico Cabib ...... 170-173 Contribution of the Cell-Surface-Associated Enzyme in the Zimmermann-Rosselet Assay of Outer Membrane Permeability to ,-Lactam Antibiotics. Wei Liu and Hiroshi Nikaido...... 177-179
Continued on following page Continuedfrom preceding page Inducible Transfer of Conjugative Transposon TnlS45 from Enterococcus faecalis to Listeria monocytogenes in the Digestive Tracts of Gnotobiotic Mice. Florence Doucet-Populaire, Patrick Trieu-Cuot, Isabelle Dosbaa, Antoine Andremont, and Patrice Courvalin ...... 185-187 Mode of Action of Netzahualcoyone. L. Moujir, A. M. Gutierrez-Navarro, A. G. Gonzalez, A. G. Ravelo, and J. G. Luis ...... 211-213 MECHANISMS OF RESISTANCE Stable Classes of Phenotypic Expression in Methicillin-Resistant Cliniical Isolates of Staphylococci. Alexander Tomasz, Sharon Nachman, and Howard Leaf 124-129 Transferable Imipenem Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Masato
Watanabe, Shizuko Iyobe, Matsuhisa Inoue, and Susumu Mitsuhashi ...... 147-151 Properties of Plasmids Responsible for Production of Extended-Spectrum (-Lactamases. George A. Jacoby and Lorraine Sutton ...... 164-169 Identification of a Methicillin-Resistant Strain of Staphylococcus caprae from a Human Clinical Specimen. Kayoko Kanda, Eiko Suzuki, Keiichi Hiramatsu, Toyoko Oguri, Hideaki Miura, Takayuki Ezaki, and Takeshi Yokota ...... 174-176
SUSCEPTIBILITY In Vitro Susceptibilities of Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia rickeftsiu, and Rickettsia conorii to the Fluoroquinolone Sparfloxacin. D. Raoult, P. Bres, M. Drancourt, and G. Vestris ...... 88-91 Effects of Combinations of ,-Lactams, Daptomycin, Gentamicin, and Glycopep- tides against Glycopeptide-Resistant Enterococci. Roland Leclercq, Edouard Bingen, Qi Hua Su, Nicole Lambert-Zechovski, Patrice Courvalin, and Jean Duval ...... 92-98 In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of KP-736, a New Cephem Antibiotic. Tetsuro Maejima, Matsuhisa Inoue, and Susumu Mitsuhashi ...... 104-110 In Vitro Antibacterial Activities of PD 131628, a New 1,8-Naphthyridine Anti- Infective Agent. Michael A. Cohen, Michael D. Huband, Gail B. Mailloux, Steven L. Yoder, Gregory E. Roland, John M. Domagala, and Carl L. Heifetz ...... 141-146 In Vitro Activity of Azithromycin against Clinical Isolates of LegioneUla Species. Paul H. Edelstein and Martha A. C. Edelstein ...... 180-181 In Vitro Inactivation of Aminoglycosides by Sulbactam, Other J8-Lactams, and Sulbactam-p-Lactam Combinations. Peter C. Fuchs, Steven Stickel, Peter H. Anderson, Arthur L. Barry, and Sandra Shilling...... 182-184 Comparative In Vitro Effects of Liposomal Amphotericin B, Amphotericin B-Deoxycholate, and Free Amphotericin B against Fungal Strains Deter- mined by Using MIC and Minimal Lethal Concentration Susceptibility Stud- ies and Time-Kill Curves. Edward D. Ralph, Adil M. Khazindar, Kathryn R. Barber, and Chris W. M. Grant...... 188-191 Comparison of the Activity of Cefixime and Activities of Other Oral Antibiotics against Adult Clinical Isolates of Moraxella (Branhamela) catarrhalis Con- taining BRO-1 and BRO-2 and Haemophilus influenzae. Donald R. Nash, Cole Flanagan, Lorraine C. Steele, and Richard J. Wallace, Jr...... 192-194
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In Vitro Activities of Ramoplanin and Four Glycopeptide Antibiotics against Clin- ical Isolates of Clostridium difficile. Francesca Biavasco, Esther Manso, and Pietro E. Varaldo ...... 195-197 In Vitro Susceptibilities of Ocular Bacillus cereus Isolates to Clindamycin, Genta- micin, and Vancomycin Alone or in Combination. James W. Gigantelli, Jaime Torres Gomez, and Michael S. Osato ...... 201-202
ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES In Vitro Model of Attachment of Giardia intestinalis Trophozoites to IEC-6 Cells, an Intestinal Cell Line. Robert E. McCabe, Gloria S. M. Yu, Chris Conteas, Paul R. Morrill, and Brian McMorrow ...... 29-35
ANTIVIRAL AGENTS Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Morphogenesis in T Cells by Alpha Interferon. Marilyn S. Smith, Randy J. Thresher, and Joseph S. Pagano ...... 62-67 Immunoenhancing Properties and Antiviral Activity of 7-Deazaguanosine in Mice. Donald F. Smee, Hassan A. Alaghamandan, John Gilbert, Roger A. Burger, Ai Jin, Brahma S. Sharma, Kandasamy Ramasamy, Ganapathi R. Revankar, Howard B. Cottam, Weldon B. Jolley, and Roland K. Robins...... 152-157 Effects of Thymidine and Uridine on the Phosphorylation of 3'-Azido-3'-Deoxy- thymidine (Zidovudine) in Human Mononuclear Cells. Janos Szebeni, Shaila S. Patel, Kenneth Hung, Larry M. Wahl, and John N. Weinstein ... 198-200
EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS Rifampin Resistance of Legionella pneumophila Is Not Increased during Therapy for Experimental Legionnaires Disease: Study of Rifampin Resistance Using a Guinea Pig Model of Legionnaires Disease. Paul H. Edelstein ...... 5-9 Antibacterial Activities In Vitro and In Vivo and Pharmacokinetics of Cefqui- nome (HR 111V), a New Broad-Spectrum Cephalosporin. Michael Limbert, Dieter Isert, Norbert Klesel, Astrid Markus, Karl Seeger, Gerhard Seibert, and Elmar Schrinner...... 14-19 Impact of Dosage Schedule on the Efficacy of Gentamicin, Tobramycin, or Ami- kacin in an Experimental Model of Serratia marcescens Endocarditis: In Vitro-In Vivo Correlation. Gilles Potel, Jocelyne Caillon, Bruno Fantin, Jocelyne Raza, Florence Le Gallou, Jean-Yves Lepage, Philippe Le Conte, Denis Bugnon, Denis Baron, and Henri Drugeon ...... 111-116 First-Exposure Adaptive Resistance to Aminoglycoside Antibiotics In Vivo with Meaning for Optimal Clinical Use. George L. Daikos, Valentina T. Lolans, and George Gee Jackson ...... 117-123 Furazolidone and Nitrofurantoin in the Treatment of Experimental Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia. Peter D. Walzer, C. Kurtis Kim, Jilanna Foy, and Jianliang Zhang ...... 158-163 In Vitro and In Vivo Activities of LJC10,627, a New Carbapenem with Stability to Dehydropeptidase I. P. J. Petersen, N. V. Jacobus, W. J. Weiss, and R. T. Testa...... 203-207
Continued on following pa Continued from preceding page CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS Failure of Treatment with Teicoplanin at 6 Milligrams/Kilogram/Day in Patients with Staphylococcus aureus Intravascular Infection. D. N. Gilbert, C. A. Wood, R. C. Kimbrough, and the Infectious Diseases Consortium of Oregon ...... 79-87 Prospective Study of Clostridium difficile Intestinal Colonization and Disease following Single-Dose Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Surgery. Gaetano Privitera, Paolo Scarpellini, Giuseppe Ortisi, Giuseppe Nicastro, Roberto Nicolin, and Fausto de Lalla ...... 208-210
PHARMACOLOGY Aztreonam Pharmacokinetics in Burn Patients. Lawrence V. Friedrich, Roger L. White, Michael B. Kays, Dianne M. Brundage, and Dabney Yarbrough III...... 57-61 Influence of Subject Age on the Inhibition of Oxidative Metabolism by Ciproflox- acin. Nancy M. Waite, Michael J. Rybak, David J. Krakovsky, Joel D. Steinberg, Lawrence H. Warbasse, and David J. Edwards...... 130-134