Conceptualizing the Bolivarian Revolution: a Critical Discourse Analysis of Chávez's Rhetorical Framing in Aló Presidente A
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Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela: Nicolas Maduro’S Cabinet Chair: Peter Derrah
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela: Nicolas Maduro’s Cabinet Chair: Peter Derrah 1 Table of Contents 3. Letter from Chair 4. Members of Committee 5. Committee Background A.Solving the Economic Crisis B.Solving the Presidential Crisis 2 Dear LYMUN delegates, Hi, my name is Peter Derrah and I am a senior at Lyons Township High School. I have done MUN for all my four years of high school, and I was a vice chair at the previous LYMUN conference. LYMUN is a well run conference and I hope that you all will have a good experience here. In this committee you all will be representing high level political figures in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, as you deal with an incomprehensible level of inflation and general economic collapse, as well as internal political disputes with opposition candidates, the National Assembly, and massive protests and general civil unrest. This should be a very interesting committee, as these ongoing issues are very serious, urgent, and have shaped geopolitics recently. I know a lot of these issues are extremely complex and so I suggest that you do enough research to have at least a basic understanding of them and solutions which could solve them. For this reason I highly suggest you read the background. It is important to remember the individual background for your figure (though this may be difficult for lower level politicians) as well as the political ideology of the ruling coalition and the power dynamics of Venezuela’s current government. I hope that you all will put in good effort into preparation, write position papers, actively speak and participate in moderated and unmoderated caucus, and come up with creative and informed solutions to these pressing issues. -
Activist Video, Mexico, and the Politics of Affect Channeling the State
Reviewed by Robert J. Mills The Open Invitation: Activist Video, Mexico, and the Politics of Affect by Freya Schiwy. University of Pittsburgh Press. 2019. 296 pages. $40.00 hardcover; also available in e- book. Channeling the State: Community Media and Popular Politics in Venezuela by Naomi Schiller. Duke University Press. 2018. 296 pages. $99.95 hardcover; $26.95 paper; also available in e-book. In May 2006, an annual teachers’ strike in the southern Mexican city of Oaxaca became the site of an unprecedented act of state brutality. Less than one month into this planned labor action, organized initially against a series of neoliberal educational reforms, the recently elected governor Ulises Ruiz Ortiz deployed an army of several thousand riot police to forcefully infiltrate a number of protest camps assembled across the town square. The scenes that followed were devastating: striking labor activists were taken as political prisoners, union coordinators were evicted and reportedly tortured, and at least seventeen individuals lost their lives at the hands of the Mexican state. Over the following days, in an unexpected gesture of support, outraged local residents helped rebuild the devastated encampments, declared themselves 202 JCMS 60.2 • WINTER 2021 the new regional governing body, and initiated a grassroots anarchist uprising that would seize control of the city for the next seven months. Images of this unrest soon began to circulate globally; almost overnight, Oaxaca emerged onto the world stage as a city in flames, recognizable amid its swaths of smoke and tear gas as a zone of active democratic contestation. From behind their reinforced barricades, the energized occupants— soon to become the Oaxaca Peoples’ Popular Assembly (APPO)— led with the prefigurative chant “Ulises ya cayó! Ya cayó! Ya cayó!” (Ulises already fell! Already fell! Already fell!).1 Just a decade earlier, in the neighboring state of Venezuela, a political project spearheaded by the newly elected Hugo Chávez was likewise recon- figuring the contours of an established participatory democracy. -
An Analysis of the New York Times 2014 Anti-Government Protests in Venezuela
Framing Rebellion: An Analysis of the New York Times 2014 Anti-government Protests in Venezuela A Research Paper presented by: Melanie Hughes Scotland, U.K. in partial fulfilment of the requirements for obtaining the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Major: Social Justice Perspectives (SJP) Specialisation: Peace & Conflict Studies Members of the Examining Committee: Dubravka Zarkov & Silke Heumann The Hague, The Netherlands, Sept. 2014 ii List of Acronyms ISS Institute of Social Studies NYT The New York Times; also referred to as the Times IMF International Monetary Fund WB World Bank IDB International Development Bank iii Acknowledgements I would like to extend a gargantuan thanks to my supervisor, Dubravka Zarkov, for her continual support and for her valuable insights into conflict in contemporary society. I would also like to express my appreciation for her sol- idarity and for keeping my extensive use of descriptive adjectives in check. I would also like to thank Silke Heumann for her reference material, which I had difficulty incorporating due to length and time constraints. iv Abstract This research explores how the mainstream news media outlet, the New York Times framed the 2014 anti-government protests in Venezuela, which erupted online in February, 2014. A content analysis revealed that the domi- nant narrative disseminated by the New York Times conveyed the misleading impression that Venezuela was yet another nation ripe for democratic revolu- tion, poised to overthrow a violently repressive regime. The Venezuelan anti- government protest(or)s were overwhelmingly framed in terms of state repression of peaceful protes(or)s, which masked their underlying causes. -
Explaining Chavismo
Explaining Chavismo: The Unexpected Alliance of Radical Leftists and the Military in Venezuela under Hugo Chávez by Javier Corrales Associate Professor of Political Science Amherst College Amherst, MA 01002 [email protected] March 2010 1 Knowing that Venezuela experienced a profound case of growth collapse in the 1980s and 1990s is perhaps enough to understand why Venezuela experienced regime change late in the 1990s. Most political scientists agree with Przeworski et al. (2000) that severe economic crises jeopardize not just the incumbents, but often the very continuity of democratic politics in non-rich countries. However, knowledge of Venezuela’s growth collapse is not sufficient to understand why political change went in the direction of chavismo. By chavismo I mean the political regime established by Hugo Chávez Frías after 1999. Scholars who study Venezuelan politics disagree about the best label to describe the Hugo Chávez administration (1999-present): personalistic, popular, populist, pro-poor, revolutionary, participatory, socialist, Castroite, fascist, competitive authoritarian, soft- authoritarian, third-world oriented, hybrid, statist, polarizing, oil-addicted, ceasaristic, counter-hegemonic, a sort of Latin American Milošević, even political ―carnivour.‖ But there is nonetheless agreement that, at the very least, chavismo consists of a political alliance of radical-leftist civilians and the military (Ellner 2001:9). Chávez has received most political advice from, and staffed his government with, individuals who have an extreme-leftist past, a military background, or both. The Chávez movement is, if nothing else, a marriage of radicals and officers. And while there is no agreement on how undemocratic the regime has become, there is virtual agreement that chavismo is far from liberal democracy. -
El Pais Digital
EL PAIS DIGITAL CON EL ARTISTA LUIS CAMNITZER "Aprendí a pensar en Uruguay" Pedro da Cruz LUIS CAMNITZER es artista visual, investigador, docente y crítico. Nació en Lübeck, Alemania, en 1937, y un año más tarde su familia emigró a Uruguay. Estudió en la Escuela de Bellas Artes y la Facultad de Arquitectura. En 1964 se radicó en Estados Unidos. En 1969 ingresó como profesor en la State University of New York, en la que enseñó durante treinta años. En 2007 fue curador pedagógico de la Bienal del Mercosur en Porto Alegre, y en 2008 publicó Didáctica de la liberación. Arte conceptualista latinoamericano. Una serie de sus obras, pertenecientes al acervo de DAROS Latinamerica, son actualmente mostradas en el Museo Nacional de Artes Visuales. TOMA DE CONCIENCIA. -Nacido en Alemania, crecido en Uruguay, activo en Estados Unidos. ¿Cómo percibís las distintas posturas sobre tu origen y pertenencia nacional? -Siempre me extraña que haya una creencia subyacente de que el lugar donde nacés se te mete en la estructura genética y te condiciona. Me parece una posición muy reaccionaria e irreal, anticientífica. -Tú viniste a Uruguay con tu familia cuando tenías un año. -Exacto. Siempre digo que si mis padres hubieran esperado un año, hubiera nacido en Uruguay. ¿Y eso me hace distinto? No. Sería exactamente la misma persona. Entonces, la nacionalidad, en la medida en que crees en que la nacionalidad tiene sentido, o la nación tiene sentido, la ubicas por los entornos culturales. No por los entornos donde respiraste por primera vez, sino donde tomaste conciencia por primera vez. -
An Analysis of Cuban Influence in Venezuela and Its Support for the Bolívarian Revolution James A
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Digital Commons Cedarville University DigitalCommons@Cedarville International Studies Capstone Research Papers Senior Capstone Papers 4-24-2015 Venecuba: An Analysis of Cuban Influence in Venezuela and its Support for the Bolívarian Revolution James A. Cohrs Cedarville University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/ international_studies_capstones Part of the International and Area Studies Commons Recommended Citation Cohrs, James A., "Venecuba: An Analysis of Cuban Influence in Venezuela and its Support for the Bolívarian Revolution" (2015). International Studies Capstone Research Papers. 1. http://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/international_studies_capstones/1 This Capstone Project is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@Cedarville, a service of the Centennial Library. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Studies Capstone Research Papers by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Cedarville. For more information, please contact [email protected]. VENECUBA AN ANALYSIS OF CUBAN INFLUENCE IN VENEZUELA AND ITS SUPPORT FOR THE BOLÍVARIAN REVOLUTION __________________ A Paper Presented to Dr. Jenista Cedarville University __________________ In Fulfillment of the Requirements for INTL 4850-01 __________________ By James Cohrs April 24th, 2015 Cohrs 1 Introduction "I swear before you, I swear by the God of my fathers; by my forefathers themselves, by my honor and my country, that I shall never allow my hands to be idle or my soul to rest until I have broken the shackles which bind us to Spain!" (Roberts, 1949, p. 5). Standing on a hill in Rome, this was the oath pledged by Simón Bolívar, “El Libertador”, as he began his quest to liberate the Spanish-American colonies from Spanish rule. -
Alba and Free Trade in the Americas
CUBA AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF ALTERNATIVE GLOBAL TRADE SYSTEMS: ALBA AND FREE TRADE IN THE AMERICAS LARRY CATÁ BACKER* & AUGUSTO MOLINA** ABSTRACT The ALBA (Alternativa Bolivariana para los Pueblos de Nuestra América) (Bolivarian Alternative for The People of Our America), the command economy alternative to the free trade model of globalization, is one of the greatest and least understood contributions of Cuba to the current conversation about globalization and economic harmonization. Originally conceived as a means for forging a unified front against the United States by Cuba and Venezuela, the organization now includes Nicaragua, Honduras, Dominica, and Bolivia. ALBA is grounded in the notion that globalization cannot be left to the private sector but must be overseen by the state in order to maximize the welfare of its citizens. The purpose of this Article is to carefully examine ALBA as both a system of free trade and as a nexus point for legal and political resistance to economic globalization and legal internationalism sponsored by developed states. The Article starts with an examination of ALBA’s ideology and institutionalization. It then examines ALBA as both a trade organization and as a political vehicle for confronting the power of developed states in the trade context within which it operates. ALBA remains * W. Richard and Mary Eshelman Faculty Scholar and Professor of Law, Dickinson Law School; Affiliate Professor, School of International Affairs, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; and Director, Coalition for Peace & Ethics, Washington, D.C. The author may be contacted at [email protected]. An earlier version of this article was presented at the Conference, The Measure of a Revolution: Cuba 1959-2009, held May 7–9, 2009 at Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. -
Historia De Espacio Político Latinoamericano Visto Desde La Distinción Política Entre Derecha E Izquierda
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Zaloamati Maestría en Sociología Propuestas políticas partidistas y percepción ciudadana en América Latina. Anos 2000-2008 ALUMNO: Fermín Feria Pulido ASESOR: Dr. Godofredo Vidal de la Rosa. Diciembre 2010 Índice Página Introducción i Capítulo I Perspectivas teóricas del estudio de la derecha e izquierda políticas. 1 Derecha e izquierda 2 ¿Es válido todavía distinguir entre derecha e izquierda? 9 ¿El Populismo es exclusivo de la izquierda? 11 Los Estados que integran a América Latina 16 Capítulo II Esbozo histórico de cuatro procesos latinoamericanos en el siglo XX: Brasil, Colombia, México, Venezuela Populismos latinoamericanos 20 Brasil (1930-1956) 24 Colombia (1930-1973) 28 El Bogotazo y la Violencia 32 México (1930-1960) 35 Venezuela (1941-1948) 40 Dictaduras autoritarias promovidas por Estados Unidos 45 (Década de 1960) Brasil 46 Colombia 47 Venezuela 48 América Latina en las décadas 1970-1990 50 América Latina en el siglo XXI 53 Historia reciente de los Estados estudiados Brasil 54 Colombia 56 México 57 Venezuela 59 Capítulo III Derecha e izquierda partidista latinoamericana, temas comunes 62 ¿Enfoques diferentes? Democracia 65 Democracia y el autoritarismo 68 Intervención estatal: Estado regulador frente a libre mercado Estado interventor 69 Libre mercado 71 Nivel de secularización y religiosidad en los partidos 72 Planteamientos de las organizaciones latinoamericanas de partidos políticos acerca de los temas comunes ODCA 73 COPPPAL 74 Foro de Sao Paolo 74 La ideología en los textos de las organizaciones latinoamericanas de partidos políticos 76 Democracia ODCA 77 COPPPAL 78 Foro de Sao Paolo 78 Estado regulador frente a libre mercado ODCA 79 COPPPAL 81 Foro de Sao Paolo 82 Valores: nivel de secularización vs. -
Weekly Worker March 13), Which of How I Understand the “From of Polemic
A paper of Marxist polemic and Marxist unity weekly Italian left unites around n People’s Assembly workern Revolutionary Strategy ‘Another Europe with Tsipras’. n Crimean referendum Tobe Abse assesses its chances n Open borders No 1002 Thursday March 20 2014 Towards a Communist Party of the European Union www.cpgb.org.uk £1/€1.10 The moderate extremist 2 weekly March 20 2014 1002 worker LETTERS Letters may have been in the elemental fight over wages definitively assert what he would What nonsense. Let us leave such shortened because of and conditions that would occur in Xenophobic have said then!” True enough (and window dressing to the Trots! space. Some names class society even if there was no I cannot escape the conclusion that fortunately for him nor was there Those on the left should ensure may have been changed such thing as Marxism. The fact that there exists a nasty xenophobic any asylum-seekers legislation for that those they employ are paid today “the works of Marx, Lenin undertone to Dave Vincent’s reply political refugees), but Eleanor, his transparently, in line with the Not astounding and others [are] freely available (Letters, March 13). daughter, was particularly active in market rate, and ensure best value In spite of all the evidence that I have on the internet” changes nothing in First, has Dave never heard of the distributing the statement, “The voice for money for their members. Crow put forward from Lars T Lih’s study, this regard, except for the fact that Irish immigration to Scotland and of the aliens’, which I recommended fulfilled all those requirements, Lenin rediscovered, in particular, uploading material onto a website in particular to the Lanarkshire coal as a read. -
21St Century Socialism: Making a State for Revolution
tripleC 10(2): 537-554, 2012 ISSN 1726-670X http://www.triple-c.at 21st Century Socialism: Making a State for Revolution Lee Artz Purdue University Calumet, Department of Communication, Hammond, IN, USA, [email protected] Abstract: The Bolivarian Revolution in Venezuela has built mass organizations of workers and communities that have erratically challenged class and market relations – verifying that taking political power is difficult but essential to fundamental social change and that capitalist cultural practices complicate the revolutionary process. This work identifies components of state power, separating state apparatus (government) as a crucial site for instituting social change. The case of democratic, participatory communication and public media access is presented as central to the successes and problems of Venezuelan 21st century socialism. Drawing on field research in community media in Caracas, the essay highlights some of the politico- cultural challenges and class contradictions in producing and distributing cultural values and social practices for a new socialist hegemony necessary for fundamental social change. Keywords: community media, public media, state, state power, participatory communication, social change, hegemony, culture, revolution, class, class conflict. Acknowledgements: Much thanks and solidarity to Ana Viloria at MINCI (Ministry of Communication and Information, Wilfredo Vasquez at Catia TV, and Carlos Lujo at Radio Primero Negro for their time, insights, and dedication to democracy and social justice; thanks to Carlos Martinez for logistics and translation during our visits with dozens of Venezuelan media workers, and to Steve Macek and the organizers and participants of the Marxism and Communication conferences at the National Communication Association who provided critique and corrections for this work. -
Power and Politics in Venezuelan Higher Education Reform, 1999-2012
Power and Politics in Venezuelan Higher Education Reform, 1999-2012 by Elliot Johann Storm A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Political Science University of Toronto © Copyright by Elliot Johann Storm 2016 Power and Politics in Venezuelan Higher Education Reform, 1999-2012 Elliot Johann Storm Doctor of Philosophy Department of Political Science University of Toronto 2016 Abstract This dissertation explains why Venezuelan state and government elites were able to successfully design, adopt, and implement some higher education reforms but not others during the presidencies of Hugo Chávez (1999-2012). Conceptualizing universities as political institutions that occupy a liminal position within the borderlands of state and society, and using an approach that emphasizes the relational and procedural nature of political change, I compare four higher education initiatives advanced by Venezuelan reformers: a series of universalization programs, the 2001 Organic Education Law, the 2009 Organic Education Law, and the 2010 University Education Law. My analysis reveals that the adoption and implementation of these initiatives primarily depended upon how the distribution of institutional autonomy and capacity between the state and the oppositional university sector conditioned the strategic choices of key actors. In the case of universalization reform, actors within the executive branch were enabled by considerable autonomy relative to oppositional forces in the agenda-setting, -
The Radical Potential of Chavismo in Venezuela the First Year and a Half in Power by Steve Ellner
LATIN AMERICAN PERSPECTIVES Ellner / RADICAL POTENTIAL OF CHAVISMO The Radical Potential of Chavismo in Venezuela The First Year and a Half in Power by Steve Ellner The circumstances surrounding Hugo Chávez’s pursuit of power and the strategy he has adopted for achieving far-reaching change in Venezuelaare in many ways without parallel in Latin American politics. While many generals have been elected president, Chávez’s electoral triumph was unique in that he was a middle-level officer with radical ideas who had previously led a coup attempt. Furthermore, few Latin American presidents have attacked existing democratic institutions with such fervor while swearing allegiance to the democratic system (Myers and O’Connor, 1998: 193). From the beginning of his political career, Chávez embraced an aggres- sively antiparty discourse. He denounced the hegemony of vertically based political parties, specifically their domination of Congress, the judicial sys- tem, the labor and peasant movements, and civil society in general. Upon his election in December 1998, he followed through on his campaign promise to use a constituent assembly as a vehicle for overhauling the nation’s neo- corporatist political system. He proposed to replace this model with one of direct popular participation in decision making at the local level. His actions and rhetoric, however, also pointed in the direction of a powerful executive whose authority would be largely unchecked by other state institutions. Indeed, the vacuum left by the weakening of the legislative and judicial branches and of government at the state level and the loss of autonomy of such public entities as the Central Bank and the state oil company could well be filled by executive-based authoritarianism.