How Will the U.S.-India Nuclear Deal Impact the World? Spring 2007 www.belfercenter.org Programs Advance Effective Intelligence/Policy Links Defense Secretary Gates Initiated Early KSG Intelligence Program T R n 1986, when now Secretary of Defense teach leaders in the intelligence community to A W Robert Gates was deputy director of Cen- E think about needs of the policy community T I S tral Intelligence, he worked with Belfer Cen- when gathering and analyzing intelligence. A H T ter Director (then Kennedy School Dean) R A Graham Allison and the School’s Ernest M May, Albert Carnesale, Joseph Nye, Peter Initiated by Senator Graham . Zimmerman, Nancy Huntington, and the the [2007] program will late Richard Neustadt, among others, to facilitate bipartisan T establish an intelli- R A W gence and policy discussions among leaders E T S program at the in the Congressional A H School. Gates, who T R intelligence community. A had been a career M analyst in the CIA with some tours of Today—in collaboration with former Sena- duty in the White tor and Center Senior Fellow Bob Graham— House, had noticed Allison and May, the Charles Warren Professor Power in Knowledge: Director of Intelligence John Negroponte discusses “Global Security a disconnect of History and consultant on intelligence to between the work Challenges Facing the Intelligence Community” several government agencies, are building on at a directors’ seminar in December. Research Intelligent Discourse: of the intelligence the School’s earlier program with an intelli- Associate Micah Zenko is also pictured. Robert Gates, while and policy commu- gence policy program for members of Con- deputy director of central nities. The pro- gress. Initiated by Senator Graham, who the International Association of Chiefs of intelligence in 1986, gram he initiated, headed the Senate Select Committee on Intel- Police in order to link local law enforcement speaks to members of the which continued at ligence, the program will facilitate bipartisan with federal security strategies. intelligence community as the Kennedy discussions among leaders in the Congressional Participants will benefit from the extensive part of the Kennedy School until 2002, School program he intelligence community. In addition to mem- experience of presenters, as well as from the initiated on intelligence developed in-depth bers of the Congressional Intelligence Com- case studies developed in the earlier program. and policy. case studies to mittees, the program will host sessions with continued on page 7 Belfer Center Engages India as Emerging Great Power R E hether one agrees or disagrees with the July 2005 meeting between President Bush T N E Wthe wisdom of the civilian nuclear and India Prime Minister Manmohan Singh C R power agreement signed in December by Presi- that resulted in the recent agreement. She E F L E dent George W. Bush, most agree that the worked on the U.S.- India relationship with B deal will deepen the long-standing relationship Center International Council member Robert between the U.S. and India, a relationship that Blackwill, who served as ambassador to India will continue to impact both countries on between 2001–2003. many levels. Along with the Kennedy School and Harvard, the Belfer Center is working to Washington gave on the Power Partner: Minister of State in the Prime expand the relationship that began in 1960 Minister’s Office Prithviraj Chavan (left) when President John F. Kennedy named Har- nuclear front to get something discusses India-U.S. relations with members of vard’s John Kenneth Galbraith as ambassador on the non-nuclear front. the Belfer Center Board of Directors in to India. November. Distinguished Service Professor Belfer Center Executive Director for —Ashton Carter Joseph Nye is also pictured. Research Xenia Dormandy believes it is essen- tial to build ties with India, the largest democ- Ashton Carter, co-director of the Preven- In testimony before the Senate Foreign racy in the world. As director for South Asia at tive Defense Project and a member of the Cen- Relations Committee in April 2006, Carter the National Security Council before coming ter Board of Directors, agrees with the civilian said, “Washington gave on the nuclear front to to the Belfer Center, Dormandy coordinated nuclear agreement, but with reservations. continued on page 7 INSIDE: Russia’s Contradictions; Belfer Center and Nuclear Policy; Human Trafficking R E T N E C R FROM THE DIRECTOR E F L E B e ended 2006 with a special event to (Counterterrorism Coordinator at State), and Whonor our founders and to share tales Nick Burns (Undersecretary of State). of the beginnings of the Belfer Center. Trans- Xenia Dormandy, our executive director ported back to our roots by Paul Doty and his for research, along with Ash Carter and Joe three founding colleagues Al Carnesale, Nye, are contributing to the debate on the Dorothy Zinberg, and Michael Nacht we India civilian nuclear deal, an important issue were educated and entertained with stories of for both sides. With insight and assistance the Center’s early years. (See “Founders Tales,” from Brigadier General (ret.) Kevin Ryan, a From the Field: Ambassador Henry Crumpton, p. 11.) senior fellow here, we’re continuing to do pro- coordinator for counterterrorism at the State With Bob Gates newly appointed as Secre- ductive work on efforts to reduce nuclear risks Department, speaks on “U.S. Counterterrorism tary of Defense, we recall his time at the School in Russia, most recently with Russian generals Policy” at a Belfer Center directors’ seminar in not only as a student, but also as founder of an here for a series of meeting with KSG’s November. Crumpton is a former CIA intelligence program launched here in the ’80s National Security Program. On the nuclear operations officer and recipient of numerous awards. to connect the dots between intelligence and front, be sure to see in this newsletter Steve policy. Several of the case studies developed in Miller’s assessment of the Center’s nuclear that program are detailed in Ernie May and efforts since the collapse of the Soviet Union. us. Peggy Scannell, beloved member of our Phil Zelikow’s new book, Dealing with Dicta- (See p. 4.) Belfer family who was with us for 17 years, tors. (See Intelligence article, p. 1.) We’re con- passed away following a courageous battle with tinuing to brainstorm ways to improve cancer. Peggy not only helped keep us on solid intelligence and its effectiveness, and this fall We’re continuing to brainstorm ground financially, but also centered us in real- exchanged ideas with a number of officials and ways to improve intelligence ity and humanity. (See tribute to Peggy, p. 15.) experts including John Negroponte (National and its effectiveness. Another great loss was Frank Stanton, a Intelligence Director), Hank Crumpton media pioneer and a member of our interna- tional council. Frank died on Christmas Eve at T R We’re very proud of our colleague Juliette the age of 98. I had known Frank for many A W E Kayyem, former Center executive director for years, and my wife, Frank, and I co-owned a T S research and homeland security scholar, who Corgi dog named Annie. Jeane Kirkpatrick, A H T has been called to duty as Massachusetts’ first another friend of the Center and School, died R A M homeland security chief. Our loss, but a great in December. Jeane and her late husband gain for the Commonwealth. (See Kayyem Evron were honored in 1997 with a professor- article, p. 3.) ship at the School endowed by our Interna- In December, the School hosted more than tional Council member Leo Kahn and his 30 new members of Congress, and Ash Carter wife Emily. and I presented on nuclear dangers, including A bright spot at the Center is the addition In Honor: Emily Kahn (left) and International nuclear terrorism, North Korea, and Iran. Given of Sasha Talcott, our new director of commu- Council member Leo Kahn, with Jeane the new members’ interest, enthusiasm, and nications and outreach. Sasha comes to us as Kirkpatrick (right). In 1997, the Kahns endowed commitment, I have no doubt that we are going an award-winning journalist from the Boston a Kirkpatrick professorship at the Kennedy School to honor Jeanne and Evron Kirkpatrick. to see some serious initiatives in our arena. Globe, signaling an enhanced commitment by A respected scholar, Kirkpatrick passed away in We have been saddened the past few the Center to communicate our findings in late 2006. months to lose three people very important to new ways that have even greater impact. Grants Support Research for Innovations in Transportation Sectors —by Sam Milton, project coordinator, Energy Technology Innovation Project ith two substantial new grants from According to Gallagher, automotive and Wthe U.S. Environmental Protection The time is ripe for policy fuel technologies exist that could partially Agency and the William and Flora Hewlett innovation in this realm. address many of the challenges, but policies Foundation, the Belfer Center’s Energy Tech- such as the corporate average fuel economy nology Innovation Project (ETIP) is embark- —Kelly Sims Gallagher standard in the U.S. have contributed to tech- ing on a three-year project to study and nological stagnation, relatively high oil con- recommend policies aimed at encouraging Through the Innovation in Transportation sumption, and large greenhouse-gas emissions technological innovation in U.S., China, and (IIT) research project, ETIP will examine barri- from passenger cars. “Many oil companies and India transportation sectors. ers to cost-effective development and deploy- automotive firms now recognize that different “Behind this initiative is the growing ment of advanced transportation technologies, policies may provide them with more flexibil- understanding that cleaner and more energy- identify policy measures to create the right ity and lower costs, so the time is ripe for pol- efficient automotive and fuel technologies are incentives for these technologies to flourish, and icy innovation in this realm,” said Gallagher.