2000 1990 1980 1970 1960 1950 1940 1930 1920 1910 1900 1890 1880 1870 1860 1850 1840 1830 1820 which works with medium-format roll-film. lcrnc flash.Electronic camera. 35mm first camera. The ca 1923 The first SLR (reflex) camera with shutterelectronic andautomatic exposure control. camera (reflex) SLR first The 1972 first CCD, the beginning of digital photography. nos. 1963 film. 1950 with Polaroid. arrives photography snapshot white film and print process. 1942 colour film, Kodachrome. founded. is 1934 1932 Lumière brothers patent theautochrome, thefirst commercial colour photograph. 1906 stiff plate. Produced by John Carbutt. making black and white photographic paper. standard,ISO/IEC15444-1. 2000 gelatin silver bromide developing paper. Peter Mawdsley. William Abney. a widely used photomechanical process. method. emulsion. 1871 1864 1861 vers the ferrotype, patented by Hamilton Smith.prints, a pigmentary process. Alphonse-Louis Poitevin. Obernetter. 1880 1850 am Henry Fox Talbot. Negative on paper. Cutting. Adolphe-Eugène Disdéri patents the Wetcollodion. Frederick Scott Archer. The negative par excellence until 1880. per done with iron salts. as standard, ISO10.918-1. Photoshop 1. 1990 1840 to Adobe. Corporation, which would later transferredbe 1986 1980 1839 1832 1826 1957 Cellulose triacetate film. Creation of the TIFF format by the Aldus Introduction of colour negative colour Introduction of Albumen print. AbelNiépce Saint-Victorde andLouis-Désiré Blanquart-Évrard. Cyanotype. John Herschel. A printed pa Cellulose diacetatefilm. h JE20 fra i recognisedas is format JPEG2000 The oldo aittp, pit ae y otc. ipo, isgn ad Johann and Liesegang Simpson, contact. by made print a aristotype, Collodion RC paper comes onto the market. the onto comes paper RC The first underwater camera, the Niko- the camera, underwater first The Photoelectric photometer. The first panchromatic plate, sensitive to all the colours of the spectrum. Richard Leach Maddox invents the dry plate, with a gelatin and silver bromide silver and gelatin a with plate, dry the invents Maddox Leach Richard Woodburytype. Photomechanical process patented by ThomasWoodbury. First colour photograph. SirJamesClerkMaxwell. Adobe’s image editing programme editing image Adobe’s Presentation in Paris oftheDaguerreotype, by LouisJacquesMandéDaguerre. CharlesWheatstone defines theprincipleof stereoscopic image. JosephNicéphore Niépce.First photograph (heliography). Design of the basic structurebasic the of Design 1969 the of is dgtl aea te oy Mavica. Sony the camera, digital First Fuji Photo Film Company Film Photo Fuji 1855 1879 The first reflex camera. Asahi Pentax. 1872 1880 1935 Collotype, a photomechanical process. Alphonse-Louis Poitevin. 1992 Photogravure, photomechanical process. Karl Klic. 1882 Louis Ducos du Hauron. First colour photograph using the subtractive the using photograph colour First Hauron. du Ducos Louis Platinotype. William Willis and Alfred Clements. 1928 First modern First JPEG format is recognized The manufacture of orthochromatic plates begins. 1948 Rolleiflex Rolleiflex camera, P 1841 Photographic paper hotography Black and Joseph Nicéphore Niépce.View from thewindow ofGras. 2005 Calotype. Willi 1955 1924 Kodakstops carte de visite Polyester 1925 1888 Lei 1882

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Rolleiflex camera. MdC Calotype. Calvert R. Jones. MdC - ges onasemi-circular screen. Imax process. process. Imax 1970 dak markets theSuper8format. (8mm). recording sound magnetic 1960 1953 Agfacolor. 1932 1931 Kodacolor. 16mmcolour film. brings out the 16mm film. film. 16mm the out brings at the home market. 1922 narrow-gauge film(17.5mm). Demeny. Chronophotographe Gaumont’s non-professionals. for chance. by photography Georges Méliès makes his first films, and discovers trick first regular cinemasopen. mechanical. with traction The first camera that replaces manual 1900 give the first public film screening inParis. screening film public first the give first individual film viewer. film individual first 1891 Edison defines 35mm film with four perforations on either images. photographic side ofmoving the frame. of projection the and views taking for patents the Optical Theatre. chronophotography on moving film. film. moving onchronophotography 1882 Technical specifications for digital cinema. 2002 1877 Series of photographic images of a moving animal. 1874 feature-length computer-animated film. 1995 ted later as the zoetrope. markedaedaleum,theinvents HornerWilliam multaneouslyinventPhenakistiscope.the Cellulose diacetate film made by Bayer & Co. & Bayer by made diacetatefilm Cellulose movie projector until 1922. Film.Safety 22mm use projectorto mas. 1985 1832 1911 Bell &Howell camera. 35mm.MdC Digital Cinema Initiatives (DCI) consortium. rnha Éie enu ivns h praxinoscope. the invents Reynaud Émile Frenchman Pierre JulesJanssen. firstThe photographic sequence with the Joseph Plateau and Simon von Stampfer si Chronochrome-Gaumont. The first three-colour process for colour projection. colour for process three-colour first Chronochrome-Gaumont. The Kodak markets 8mm film. Kodakmarketsfilm. 8mm NIC. Cine the Barcelona: in projector film toy first the patentbrothers Nicolau The Étienne-Jules Marey invents the photographic gun. gun. photographic the invents Marey Étienne-Jules Screening of the first film made with the The first home movie cameras with cameras movie home first The TheRobe,

Pathé Baby (9.5mm) aimed (9.5mm) Baby Pathé Gaumont’s Chrono de Poche. de Chrono Gaumont’s The introduction of multiscreen cine- multiscreen of introduction The Thomas Alva Edison patents the kinetoscope: the 1986 o Story,Toy 1898 1898 1937 Imax presents Imax 3D. 1973 Cinérama. Panoramic screen projection with three synchronized projectors. thefirst filmshotinCinemaScope. Birt Acres patents the Birtac. The first The Birtac. the patents Acres Birt rdcd y ia. h first Pixar. The by produced The projecting praxinoscope. MdC Omnimax. Projects ima- Projects Omnimax. 1923 Anthony McLean.3Dshooting Phenakistiscope. MdC 1897 Kodak 1906 1895 1917 1928 The first film camera film first The The The Lumière brothers Lumière The

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1964 CINEMA 1912 1888 Colour film for home filmmaking: home Kodachromefilm for Colourand Ko - The Pathé Kok (28mm). The best-sellinghomeThe (28mm). Kok Pathé The 1833 Louis Aimé Augustin Le Prince builds a device a builds Prince Le Augustin Aimé Louis ICA A8projector. 35mm.MdC 1912 - - 1896 Edison’s Home Kinetoscope. The firstKinetoscope. Edison’sThe Home the first film in Technicolor. 35mm, 16mm, 9,5mm, 8mm, Super8

Eadweard Muybridge. Cronophotography. CRDI 1878 Cinématographe Lumière camera. MdC awad Muybridge. Eadweard 1887 photographicrevolver Pathé Baby projector, 9,5mm.MdC 1889 ae invents Marey 1889 Thomas Alva Thomas 3D glasses Canon camera. MdC Reynaud

Digital projector 1912 Magic lantern. MdC . Mark Robson. First film with the Sensurround sound system. 1974 begins his experiments in the field of digital firstaudio. synthesizer. tothe public domain. 1964 or single record appears. 1940 istor. kley and Walter Houser Brattain, at the Bell Telephone Company,makes inventthe first the germaniumrecordings trans on stereophonic magnetic tape. the appearance oftheCD. until market music the dominate would It record. radios. transistor 1954 stereophonic record isproduced, basedonthework ofAlanBlumlein. pes. pes. 1933 1932 the volume ofsound. controlling and amplifying electronic system first for The triode. Forestinventsthe De Lee of sound. system.Vitaphone paper covered with iron oxide powder.oxide iron with covered paper incorporated. sound optical with films e erpoe Vlea Pusn First magnetic sound recording device. Poulsen. Valdemar Telegraphone. radio. for patent first the obtains a with phonograph. synchronized film Kinetoscope 1894 1906 1920 magnetic waves. magnetic 1888 cylinders. wax incorporates and phonographs his to motor electric an introduces Edison Smith publishes the basic principles for recording magnetic support. support. magnetic recording for principles basic the publishes Smith 1887 net portal opens. Spotify 2001 through P2P(peer-to-peer) networks. Alva Edison. Thefirst device capable of recording and reproducing sound. microphones. 1876 rules of BWF(Broadcastof Waverules Format). (Digital Sound) system. Sound) (Digital introduces the MiniDisc. MiniDisc. introducesthe MPEG-1 layer 3, better known as MP3, are approved as ISO/IEC standard. standard. as ISO/IEC are approved as MP3, known better 3, layer MPEG-1 1990 Tape (DAT) appears. tion between computers. 1981 ble of recording sound on a physical medium. signs the phonautograph, the first device1857 capa first film with Dolby Stereo sound. Philips patents cassettethe tape cedes and it Édouard-Léon Martinville de Scott de DuPont uses chrome dioxide inthe emulsions ofmagnetic tapes.

ieohn. hms la Edison. Alva Thomas Kinetophone. The MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) protocol. Electronic music communica Sony begins making the first pocket-sized first the making begins Sony The companies AEG and BASF form an alliance to make the first magnetophonic ta- magnetophonic first the maketo alliance an form BASF and AEG companies The Eric M. Bern. The first home movie camera equipped with a sound recording system. Reginald Aubrey Fessenden makes the first audio radio broadcast in the world. The first regular radio entertainment broadcasts. Applepresents theiPod. lsa ry n Aeadr rhm el rae ams smlaeul, h first the simultaneously, almost create, Bell Graham Alexander and Gray Elisha George Lucas patents the THX film sound system. system. sound film THX the patents Lucas George Heinrich Rudolf Hertz proves by experiment the existence and behaviour of electro of behaviour and existence the experiment by proves Hertz Rudolf Heinrich Gramophone. Emile Berliner. It uses a flat disc for recording sound. sound. recording for disc flat a uses Berliner.It Emile Gramophone. Edwin Howard1933 Armstrong patents Frequency Modulation radio. Fantasia, 1948 Columbia Records patents Long Play (LP) records (33⅓ rpm). by Walt Disney. First use of stereophonic sound in a film. 86 1896 1877 1969 1928 Phonograph cylinders. MdC 1957 Charles Cros designs the designs Cros Charles 1989 Thomas Greenway Stockham

1965 Microphone EAJ 38 Radio Girona ulem Marconi Guglielmo Harry Nyquist laysHarry theoretical the digitizationfoundations the for 1997 h seepoi vinyl stereophonic The The first Sound Blaster sound card appears on the market. 1993 1982 Bob Moog presents the EBU/UER (European Union of Radio Diffusion) specifies the specifies Diffusion) Radio of Union (European EBU/UER StevenPark,Spielberg’s Jurassic The first Compact Disc (CD) is marketed.

2006 Walkman 1979 S iTunes, theon-linemusicstore, opens.2008 1898 ound Gramophone. MdC Sony launches the popular Walkman onto the market. 1927 1999 1927 Dictaphone. MdC - - Fritz Pfleumer. Sound recording on cigarette on recording Pfleumer. Sound Fritz Napsterarchive appears.Music distribution First sound film: sound First . paleophone. Author unknown. Francina 38RadioGirona. Boris.EAJ CRDI 1923 1947 1974 1991 Phonofilm. Lee De Forest. First John Bardeen, William Shoc 1878

The specifications of the of specifications The Tommy the first film with the DTS the with first film the , with the with Singer, Jazz The Phonograph. Thomas Phonograph. Tinfoil phonograph. MdC 1942 1974 1888 1986 by Ken Russell. The 1949

Helmut Krüger 1933 Thomas Alva Thomas Earthquake 1888 Digital Audio The45 rpm 1992 Pathé disc.MdC The firstThe Oberlin Oberlin Inter

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images. 1967 Europe. in norm Telefunkenthe the become createdin systemwill televisionis laboratories; it Ampex. Thefirst video recorder. USA. the in standardized is system colour 1962 images on magnetic tape. tape. magnetic on images 1951 system with image dissector tube. mechanicala television system. them into electronic signals. 1923 experiments with the cathode ray tube for the exploration of the image. 1900 The first video is uploaded on on YouTube. uploaded is video first The HD-DVD. 2004 DVD isannounced. Broadcasting) approves the standards for digital television. television. digital for standards the approves Broadcasting) ui. audio. Video Interleave) format. (Audio 1992 AVI the to Linked Windows. for Video Microsoft’s 1991 the properties of cathode rays. 1878 Group) meeting. D1. Sony’s format, video digital first cameras. Kodak. Eastman by created George Atkinson creates thefirst video rental business. 1982 JVC and Matsuhita, appears. appears. Matsuhita, and JVC 1970 Iconoscope. Vladimir Zworykin. devicecapablecapturing A of imagesturning and Constantin Perski uses the term television for the first time. Constantin televisionfirst term time. the the Perski uses for Ampex develops the first system of electronic video editing. editing. video electronic of system first the develops Ampex Charles Ginsburg and the Ampex Corporation. The first filming Corporation.Ampexinto The experiments the and Ginsburg Charles The MPEG-1standard and definitivelyThe video digital approved is of coding the for Apple’s QuickTime. The first software capable of playing videos on a PC. a PC. on videos playing of capable software first The QuickTime. Apple’s WilliamCrookes discovers Sony brings out the Betacam format. First VCR (Video Cassette Recorder) by Philips. New optical discs are developed for storing high-definition video. Blu-ray and Blu-ray video. high-definition storing for developed are discs optical New 1995 1963 2004 1986 h D (iia Vdo sadr i cetd created. is standard Video) (Digital DV The Sony’s Portapak. Thefirst portable video recorder.

Hamlet, Betacam bySP Sony. televisionthe in used Widely industry. The first high-definition digital television broadcasts in Europe. Europe. in broadcasts television digital high-definition first The Blu-ray T 1998 elevision by Bill Colleran.firstBill byThe electronic with made commercial film

TheMPEG-4 videoandaudiocoding standard isintroduced. Crookes tube. MdC 1926 www.girona.cat/sgdap/cat/patrimoni_audiovisual 1953 1985 1976 1927 John Logie Baird offers the first public demonstration of The NTSC (National Television System Committee) System Television (National NTSC The 1929 Sony Handycam. One of the most successful 8mm successful most the of One Handycam. Sony JVC brings out its VHS home video system. system. video home VHS its out brings JVC

Philo Farnsworth develops electronican television Video recorder BBC makes its first experimental broadcast. 1988 Video camera 1984 The first MPEG (Motion Pictures Expert Pictures (Motion MPEG first The 1956

The first 8mm video format appears, & R10 o Qarpe, ae by made Quadruplex, or VR-1000 Television set. MdC 1971 V project of electronic television. basis the oscilloscope, the and raytube cathode the develops 1897 capturing of images exploration and the for device mechanical a Disc”, “Nipkow 1884 The U-matic format, by Sony, ideo begin to be developed. 1940 begins regular broadcasting. levision channel in the world, 1936 Paul NipkowinventsthePaul al ednn Braun Ferdinand Karl 1995 : BOADAS/IGLÉSIAS/PONS/SAAVEDRA 1996 Colour television systems BBC One, the oldest te- V (iia Video (Digital DVB The launch of the of launch The 1907 1963 Flat screen TV Boris RosingBoris h PAL The 1986 1986

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