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Infestation of Salmincola Californiensis (Copepoda: Lernaeopodidae) In See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232894212 Infestation of Salmincola californiensis (Copepoda: Lernaeopodidae) in Wild Coho Salmon, Steelhead, and Coastal Cutthroat Trout Juveniles in a Small Columbia River Tributary Article in Transactions of the American Fisheries Society · September 2003 DOI: 10.1577/T02-122 CITATIONS READS 8 52 2 authors, including: Scott Barndt US Forest Service 14 PUBLICATIONS 71 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Custer Gallatin NF Plan Revision View project All content following this page was uploaded by Scott Barndt on 08 February 2016. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. This article was downloaded by: [166.7.90.154] On: 10 February 2015, At: 09:46 Publisher: Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Transactions of the American Fisheries Society Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/utaf20 Infestation of Salmincola californiensis (Copepoda: Lernaeopodidae) in Wild Coho Salmon, Steelhead, and Coastal Cutthroat Trout Juveniles in a Small Columbia River Tributary Scott Barndt a & Jen Stone b a U.S. Forest Service , 3710 Fallon Street, Suite C , Bozeman, Montana, 59718, USA b U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service , 9317 Northeast Highway 99, Suite I, Vancouver, Washington, 98665, USA Published online: 09 Jan 2011. To cite this article: Scott Barndt & Jen Stone (2003) Infestation of Salmincola californiensis (Copepoda: Lernaeopodidae) in Wild Coho Salmon, Steelhead, and Coastal Cutthroat Trout Juveniles in a Small Columbia River Tributary, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 132:5, 1027-1032, DOI: 10.1577/T02-122 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/T02-122 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. 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Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http:// www.tandfonline.com/page/terms-and-conditions Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 132:1027±1032, 2003 American Fisheries Society 2003 Infestation of Salmincola californiensis (Copepoda: Lernaeopodidae) in Wild Coho Salmon, Steelhead, and Coastal Cutthroat Trout Juveniles in a Small Columbia River Tributary SCOTT BARNDT U.S. Forest Service, 3710 Fallon Street, Suite C, Bozeman, Montana 59718, USA JEN STONE* U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 9317 Northeast Highway 99, Suite I, Vancouver, Washington 98665, USA Abstract.ÐHost±parasite relationships between Sal- Salmincola californiensis parasitizes Paci®c mincola californiensis (order Copepoda, family Ler- salmon and trout (Kabata and Cousens 1973). The naeopodidae) and three species of wild juvenile Paci®c salmonids (coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch, cutthroat life cycle of S. californiensis includes a free-living, trout O. clarki, and steelhead O. mykiss) were studied in infectious copepodid stage and parasitic larval and Gibbons Creek, southwestern Washington, during 1998 adult stages (Kabata and Cousens 1977). A number and 1999. Infestation levels were moderate to low: prev- of surveys have documented this copepod's par- alence was 0.2% in coho salmon, 20% in cutthroat trout, asitization of coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch and 35% in steelhead; abundance was 0.01 in coho salm- on, 0.63 in cutthroat trout, and 0.97 in steelhead; and (Arai 1969; Riis 1974), steelhead O. mykiss (anad- mean intensity was 3.4 for cutthroat trout and 2.95 for romous rainbow trout; Kabata 1969; Riis 1974; steelhead. The incidence of infestation increased with Arai and Mudry 1983), and cutthroat trout O. clar- increasing ®sh length, and this relationship may explain ki (Bere 1930; Kabata 1969). Few studies have the differences in prevalence experienced by the three examined host±parasite relationships of S. califor- host species. niensis and salmonids Oncorhynchus spp. (Sha- povalov and Taft 1954; Kabata and Cousens 1977; Copepods of the genus Salmincola (family Ler- Bailey and Margolis 1987; Sutherland and Wit- naeopodidae) parasitize freshwater salmonids (Ka- trock 1985). Only two such studies (Shapovalov bata 1969). The life cycle, consisting of several and Taft 1954; Bailey and Margolis 1987) col- stages, involves a single host (Kabata and Cousens lected data from wild salmonid populations, and 1973) and is usually completed in freshwater (Ka- only Shapovalov and Taft (1954) examined stream bata 1969). Parasite attachment occurs at the body Downloaded by [] at 09:46 10 February 2015 surface (including the branchial and buccal cavi- salmonid populations. ties), ®ns, and gills of their hosts (Kabata 1969). We report host±parasite relationships between The attachment site is thought to be size related, S. californiensis and wild coho salmon, steelhead, shifting from body surfaces and ®ns in smaller ®sh and coastal cutthroat trout from a third-order Co- to the gills of larger hosts (Kabata and Cousens lumbia River tributary in southwestern Washing- 1977; Black 1982; Black et al. 1983). Laboratory ton. We evaluated host±parasite relationships for studies indicate that primarily host size, but also nonmigratory salmonids in autumn 1998 and for host behavior and initial parasite load, in¯uence emigrating salmonids in spring 1999. These data the prevalence, intensity, and abundance of Sal- were collected as part of a larger study, conducted mincola infestation (Poulin et al. 1991a, 1991b). to prioritize watershed protection and recovery ef- Heavy infestations of Salmincola may affect ox- forts (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, unpublished ygen uptake, retard growth, reduce fecundity, and data). At the time of this study, steelhead were delay sexual maturation of host ®sh (Kabata 1970; listed as a threatened species, coho salmon were Vaughan and Coble 1975; Kabata and Cousens a candidate species for threatened status, and 1977; Sutherland and Wittrock 1985; McGladdery coastal cutthroat trout were petitioned, and then and Johnston 1988). proposed, for listing as threatened (U.S. Of®ce of the Federal Register 1998a, 1998b, 1999) under * Corresponding author: [email protected] the U.S. Endangered Species Act of 1973 (Endan- Received September 9, 2002; accepted February 21, 2003 gered Species Act 1973). 1027 1028 BARNDT AND STONE Methods from trap mortalities and from the cutthroat trout and coho salmon sacri®ced for the pathogen sur- Gibbons Creek, a third-order stream draining 36 vey and were used to verify ages determined from km2, enters the Columbia River at river kilometer scales (Jearld 1983). Coho salmon in the study area 202. Stream habitat conditions vary considerably emigrate as age-1 smolts; therefore, all coho salm- across the drainage, as the watershed has been sub- on smolts were considered age 1 and all other coho ject to a wide variety of anthropogenic distur- salmon were considered age 0 (Dan Rawding, bances, including logging, grazing, channeliza- Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, per- tion, and urbanization (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Ser- sonal communication). vice, unpublished data). Gibbons Creek supports We report the abundance (mean number of par- three native salmonid species: coho salmon, steel- asites per ®sh), prevalence (percentage of infected head, and coastal cutthroat trout. individuals), and intensity (mean number of par- Both the nonmigratory and migratory segments asites per infected individual), following the con- of Gibbons Creek's salmonid populations were tar- ventions established by Margolis et al. (1982). The geted by this study to get an accurate represen- relationships of infestation to species, length, and tation of all size-classes present in the stream. life history were examined via logistic regression Nonmigratory salmonids were captured by single- and chi-square analyses. Differences in length and pass backpack electro®shing on 6±8 October 1998, infestation among host species were examined by during surveys to describe ®sh species distribution means of the Kruskal±Wallis test for nonparamet- in the drainage. Fish were collected from eight ric analysis of variance. An a value of 0.05 was stream reaches that were strati®ed by location in used, and all analyses were conducted with the the watershed (upper, middle, and lower water- Statistical Analysis System (SAS Institute
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