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Nannut Kalaallit Nunaata Avannaata Kitaani – Nannut Kalaallit Nunaata avannaata kitaani – Piniarneq silallu pissusaa pillugit apersuilluni misissuineq, 2006 Nalunaarusiaq Teknikkimut tunngasoq nr. 70 Pinngortitaleriffik – Grønlands Naturinstitut Nannut Kalaallit Nunaata avannaata kitaani – Piniarneq silallu pissusaa pillugit apersuilluni misissuineq, 2006 Nannut Kalaallit Nunaata avannaata kitaani – Piniarneq silallu pissusaa pillugit apersuilluni misissuineq, 2006 Born, Erik W.1, Anna Heilmann1, Lene Kielsen Holm2 & Kristin Laidre1 E.W. Born 1 Pinngortitaleriffik/Grønlands Naturinstitut, Postboks 570, DK-3900 Nuuk, Grønland 2 ICC, Inuit Circumpolar Council, Postboks 204, Dr. Ingridsvej 1, DK-3900 Nuuk, Grønland Atuakkap aqqa: Nannut Kalaallit Nunaata avannaata kitaani – Piniarneq silallu pissusaa pillugit apersuilluni misissuineq, 2006. Atuakkiortut: Born, E.W.1, A. Heilmann1, L. Kielsen Holm2 & K. Laidre1 1 Pinngortitaleriffik/Grønlands Naturinstitut, Postboks 570, DK-3900 Nuuk, Grønland 2 ICC, Inuit Circumpolar Council, Postboks 204, Dr. Ingridsvej 1, DK-3900 Nuuk, Grønland Tulleriiaat aqqa normualu: Nalunaarusiaq Teknikkimut tunngasoq Nr. 70 – Teknisk Rapport nr. 70 Ukioq saqqummersinne- qarfia: 2008 Saqqaanut assiliisoq: Ø. Wiig Naqiterneqarfia: Special-Trykkeriet Viborg a-s ISBN: 978-87-91214-33-2 ISSN: 1397-3657 Issuarneqarnerani ima allaqqassaaq: Born, E.W., A. Heilmann, L. Kielsen Holm & K. Laidre 2008. Nannut Kalaallit Nunaata avannaata kitaani – Piniarneq silallu pissusaa pillugit apersuilluni misissuineq, 2006. Pinngortitaleriffik – Nalunaarusiaq Teknikkimut tunngasoq Nr. 70: 116 qup. Pissarsiarinniffissaq: Pinngortitaleriffik – Grønlands Naturinstitut Postboks 570 3900 Nuuk Grønland Tlf.: +299 361200 Fax: +299 365957 [email protected] Nalunaarusiaq PDF-filitut Pinngortitaleriffiup nittartakkakkut qupperneranit aaneqarsinnaavoq: http://www.natur.gl/ Saqqummersitat / Teknikkikkut nalunaarutit 4 Eqikkaaneq lerpoq, siusinnerusukkullu sikuertalerluni, ilanngullugu aamma siku saannerulersimavoq allanngorarnerujussuan- Born, E.W., A. Heilmann, L. Kielsen Holm & K. Laidre 2008. ngorsimallunilu. Sila aamma kiannerulersimavoq unerisi- Nannut Kalaallit Nunaata avannaata kitaani – Piniarneq mannginnerulerlunilu – ilaatigut anorersuarajunneruler- silallu pissusaa pillugit apersuilluni misissuineq, 2006. luni ilaatigullu ukiukkut siallertalerluni. Sermit tunuari- Pinngortitaleriffik – Nalunaarusiaq Teknikkimut tunnga- artorsimapput, sermersuullu ilaa annikilliartorsimalluni. soq Nr. 70: 116 qup. Allannguutit tamakkua kommunini taakkunani marluu- suni annertuumik angallannermut piniarnermullu sunni- Februar 2006-mi apersorpagut Qaanaap (25-it) Uperna- uteqarsimapput. Ingammik Qaanaap Kommuneani ser- viullu (47-it) kommuuniini nannunniat 72-it, nannut biolo- mikkut immallu sikuatigut angalanermi aqqutinut allan- giiannut, nannunniarnermut, silap pissusaata allanngori- ngortitsisimapput. Tamakku saniatigut allanngornerit pi- artorneranut takussutissat, tamakkualu nannunut nan- niariaatsinut sunniuteqarsimapput. Umiatsianik angallas- nunniarnermullu sunniutaat pillugit ilisimasaat katersor- sinnaaneq sivisunerulersimavoq, tamannalu angallammiit niarlugit. Taamaaliornitsinnut tunuliaqutaavoq ukiuni nannuttat amerleriarnerannik ersarissumik kinguneqarsi- kingullerni piniarnermut nalunaarsuinerniit, qaammataa- mavoq, qimussimiit nannuttanut naleqqiullugu. Tamanna sakkut misissuinerniit, nutaarsiassanillu tusagassiisarfin- allannguut, Upernaviup Kommuniata kujataani ersarinne- niit nalunaarutigineqarmat Kalaallit Nunaata avannaata rusoq, apersorneqarsimasut ilaanniit peqqutaaqataasunut kitaani nannut pisarineqartartut amerliartortut, kiisalu, nassuiaatigineqarpoq, 1990-ikkut aallartinneranniit nan- nalinginnaasumik kiatsikkiartornerup kingunerisaanik nuttat amerleriarnerannut. Angallammiit piniarfiit anner- silap, immap sikuata, sermit, il.il. allanngoriartornerat. toorujussuit piffissaq sivikitsoq atorlugu tikinneqarsin- Kommunini taariikkatsinni marluusuni paasissutissiisi- naanngorsimapput, qimussimut naleqqiullugu. Nannut al- masut amerlanersaasa maluginiarpaat nannut amerlane- lanngorsimanerannut tunngatillugu apeqqummut (asser- rusut qaninnerulersimasut (tassa angallaffiusunut najuga- suutigalugu salunnerulersimanersut, sikusarnerata al- qarfiusunullu qaninnerulernerat). Itisiliillutik akissute- lanngornera peqqutigalugu imminnut unamminerulersi- qartut 31%-it missaasa saqqummiuppaat tamanna peq- maneq nerisassakilliornernerulersimanerluunniit peqquti- quteqartoq uumasut nalinginnaasumik amerleriarsimane- galugit) aperineqartut sisamararterutaasa missaat anger- rannik, akissutilli 16%-iisa immap sikuata annikilliartor- put. Nannut salunnerulersimanerat pingaartumik Qaa- nera peqqutaasutut oqaatigigaat. Qaanaap kommuneani naap kommuneani piniartut maluginiarsimavaat (taa- isumaqaqqajaanerupput nannut takkuttarnerisa allan- maanneranik akisimasut 15-nit akornanni 13-nit Qaanaa- ngornerannut peqqutaasoq immap sikuata annikillinera, meersuupput). Peqqutaasoq ersarinngilaq, kisianni iner- nanoqarnerulerneq peqqutaanani. Tassa Upernaviup Kom- nerusunut ilaatigut sunniuteqarsinnaavoq Qaanaap kom- muneani isuma illuatungilerlugu, tassani isumaqartoqar- muniani apersorneqarsimasut ataatsimut isigalugit nan- mat nanoqarnerulersimasoq. Qanga nannut takkuttarne- nunniarnermik piffissamik sivisunerusumik misilitta- risa allanngoriarnerat pisimassanersoq – imaluunniit gaqarnerat, Upernaviup kommuniani apersorneqartunut qanga nanoqarnerulersimassanersoq – erseqqinngilaq, ki- naleqqiullugit. Sumiiffinni tamani nannut nerisarisarta- sianni isumaqaqqajaasoqarneruvoq 1960-ikkunni 1970-ik- gaasa allannguuteqarsimaneranik malussartoqarsiman- kunilu nanoqannginnerusimasoq. Ukiuni kingullerni, im- ngilaq. Nalunaarusiap aamma saqqummiuppai piniarner- maqa 1990-ikkut aallartinneraniit, malunnarnerusumillu mut, nannut pissusaannut biologiiannullu tunngasut paa- 1990-ikkut naajartorneraniit, Qaanaap Upernaviullu kom- sissutissarpassuit. 1952-miit 2005 ilanngullugu paasissu- muneani ersarissumik avatangiisimi uuttorneqarsin- tissat itisilikkat aallaavigalugit, nannunnerit katillugit naasunik allanngoriartorneqarsimavoq. Malunnaateqar- 588-ineersunit (uumasut 754-it), Qaanaami Upernaviullu nerpaajusoq – piniarnermullu inuillu ulluinnarni inuune- kommuneani nannunniarneq allaaserineqarpoq, sumiif- rannut pingaaruteqartorujussuulluni – tassa immap sikua- finni nannuttat agguataarnerinut paasissutissat ilanngul- ta annikinnerulersimanera. Kingusinnerusukkut sikusa- lugit. 5 Abstract importance to hunting was the decrease in sea ice. Ice for- med later in the fall and broke up earlier in the spring. Sea Born, E.W., A. Heilmann, L. Kielsen Holm & K. Laidre 2008. ice has also become thinner. Furthermore, the weather has Polar bears in Northwest Greenland – An interview survey become warmer and more unpredictable, with frequent about the catch and the climate, 2006. Greenland Institute storms and rain during winter. The glaciers have retreated of Natural Resources. Technical Report No. 70: 116 pp. and parts of the edge of the Inland Ice Cap have recessed. These changes have influenced both travelling and hun- In February 2006, 72 experienced polar bear hunters living ting activities in NW Greenland, and in particular in the in the Qaanaaq (25) and Upernavik (47) municipalities municipality of Qaanaaq, where previous routes along gla- (Northwest Greenland) were interviewed. Hunters were ciers and sea ice can no longer be used. In contrast, the boa- asked about polar bear biology, polar bear catch, climate ting season has been extended with more open water, re- change, and the effect of these changes on the polar bears sulting in an increase in the fraction of polar bears caught and the catch. The rationale for this study was the sugge- from a boat (versus sled). This change, most pronounced in stion from hunting statistics, satellite observations and se- the southern parts of the Upernavik municipality, was cond hand reports that the catch of polar bears in NW mentioned by some of the informants as an additional rea- Greenland had increased since the early 1990s simultane- son for the increased catch of bears since the early 1990s (a ously with marked changes in weather conditions, sea ice boat has a larger range and can cover more ground faster cover and glaciers. The majority of the informants noted an than a sled). About one fourth of the informants said that increased occurrence of bears closer to the coast (i.e. in polar bears demonstrated physical changes (e.g. had be- areas usually used for hunting). About 31% of the answers come thinner either as a result of increased competition or specified that the reason for this change was an increase in access to less food due to a decrease in sea ice). Thinner the number of polar bears, whereas 16% of the answers bears were particularly a phenomenon reported by the specified it was due to a decrease in sea ice cover. The hun- hunters of the Qaanaaq municipality (13 of 15 affirmative ters in Qaanaaq were more inclined to believe that a decre- answers were given in this area). The reason for the regio- ase in sea ice cover explained the increase in coastal occur- nal difference is not clear, but the results may to an rence of polar bears, whereas the informants in Upernavik unknown extent reflect the fact that the informants in Qa- municipality believed it was an increase in number of anaaq generally had more experience hunting polar bears bears. It was not clear from the results when the change in than those in the Upernavik area. No informants suggested density or increase in numbers
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