Environment and Socio-Economic Assessment

Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Attachment 7.1 Coquihalla Crossing No. 15 and 16 Replacement Environmental and Socio-Economic Project Assessment

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT FOR THE PROPOSED TRANS MOUNTAIN PIPELINE ULC COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSINGS NO. 15 AND 16 PIPELINE REPLACEMENT PROJECT

January 2020 REV 0 CE733700 01-13283-GG-0000-EV-RPT-0190

Prepared for:

Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Suite 2700, 300 – 5th Avenue S.W. Calgary, Alberta T2P 5J2 Ph: 403-514-6400 Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 1-1 1.1 Project Overview ...... 1-1 1.2 Regulatory Framework ...... 1-1 1.2.1 Environmental Obligations ...... 1-2 1.2.2 Future Decommissioning or Abandonment of the Replacement Pipeline Segments ...... 1-2 1.3 Scope of the Assessment ...... 1-3 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 2-1 2.1 Project Purpose ...... 2-1 2.2 Project Location ...... 2-1 2.2.1 Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 ...... 2-1 2.2.2 Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 ...... 2-1 2.3 Project Components...... 2-4 2.3.1 Construction of the Replacement Pipeline Segments ...... 2-4 2.3.2 Replacement Pipeline Operations Phase ...... 2-6 2.3.3 Decommissioning of the Existing Pipeline Segments ...... 2-6 2.4 Estimated Workforce Requirements ...... 2-7 2.5 Project Schedule ...... 2-7 3.0 CONSULTATION AND INDIGENOUS ENGAGEMENT ...... 3-1 4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC SETTING ...... 4-1 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS ASSESSMENT ...... 5-1 5.1 Methodology ...... 5-1 5.1.1 Environmental and Socio-economic Elements ...... 5-1 5.1.2 Assessment Boundaries ...... 5-1 5.1.3 Identification Potential Effects ...... 5-2 5.1.4 Mitigation Measures ...... 5-2 5.1.5 Identification and Characterization of Residual Effects ...... 5-3 5.1.6 Significance Determination ...... 5-4 5.1.7 Cumulative Effects ...... 5-5 5.2 Effects Assessment – Replacement Pipeline Construction and Operation ...... 5-6 6.0 INSPECTION AND MONITORING ...... 6-1 6.1 Environmental Inspection ...... 6-1 6.2 Post-construction Environmental Monitoring ...... 6-1 6.3 Environmental Protection Plan ...... 6-1 7.0 CONCLUSION ...... 7-1 8.0 REFERENCES ...... 8-1 8.1 Literature Cited ...... 8-1 8.2 GIS Data and Mapping References ...... 8-6

LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A Decommissioning Environmental Protection Plan ...... A-1 Appendix B Potential Rare Vegetation Species in the Coastal Western Hemlock Biogeoclimatic Zone for the Proposed Project ...... B-1

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1 Regional Overview ...... 1-4 Figure 2-1 Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 ...... 2-2 Figure 2-2 Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 ...... 2-3

LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1 Environmental Obligations ...... 1-2 Table 2-1 Technical Details of the Proposed Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 Replacement Pipeline Design ...... 2-4 Table 2-2 Replacement Pipeline Construction Activities ...... 2-5 Table 2-3 Technical Details of the Pipeline Segment to be Decommissioned ...... 2-7 Table 4-1 Environmental and Socio-Economic Setting for Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 ...... 4-1 Table 4-2 Environmental and Socio-Economic Setting for Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 ...... 4-9 Table 5-1 Evaluation of the Significance of Residual Effects – ESA Criteria ...... 5-4 Table 5-2 Potential Element Interaction with the Project ...... 5-7 Table 5-3 Environmental and Socio-Economic Effects Assessment and Cumulative Effects Assessment for the Project ...... 5-9

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

Abbreviation/Acronym Full Name AOA Archaeological Overview Assessment BC British Columbia BC CDC British Columbia Conservation Data Centre BC EAO British Columbia Environmental Assessment Office BC MOE British Columbia Ministry of Environment BC ENV British Columbia Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy BC OGC British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission BGC biogeoclimatic CAC criteria air contaminant CEA Canadian Environmental Assessment (Agency) CER Canada Energy Regulator cm centimetre(s) COSEWIC Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada CPCN Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity dBA decibel(s) DFO Fisheries and Oceans Canada EAS Environmental Alignment Sheet EPP Environmental Protection Plan ESA Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Filing Manual Canada Energy Regulator Filing Manual FVISS Fraser Valley Invasive Species Society GBA+ gender-based analysis plus GHG greenhouse gas ha hectare(s) IAPP Invasive Alien Plant Program Interim Guidance Canada Energy Regulator Interim Filing Guidance and Early Engagement Guide IR Indian Reserve km kilometre(s) km2 square kilometre(s) KP Kilometre Post LSA Local Study Area m metre(s) m3 cubic metre(s) masl metre(s) above sea level MBCA Migratory Bird Convention Act mm millimetre(s) m/s metre(s) per second NEB National Energy Board NEB OPR National Energy Board Onshore Pipeline Regulation O.D. outside diameter the Project Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 Pipeline Replacement Project QAES Qualified Aquatic Environmental Specialist QEP Qualified Environmental Professional RSA Regional Study Area RSMT Resource-Specific Mitigation Table SARA Species at Risk Act TEM Terrestrial Ecosystem Mapping TLU Traditional Land Use TMEP Trans Mountain Expansion Project TMPL Trans Mountain Pipeline (existing) Trans Mountain Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC TSS total suspended sold TWS temporary workspace ZOI Zone of Influence

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

1.0 INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1.1 Project Overview Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC (Trans Mountain) is applying to the Canada Energy Regulator (CER) (formerly, the National Energy Board [NEB]) for authorizations pursuant to Section 214 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act (CER Act) and Section 45.1 of the NEB Onshore Pipeline Regulation (NEB OPR) to replace two pipeline segments where the existing Trans Mountain Pipeline (TMPL) crosses the Coquihalla River (Figure 1-1). To ensure the safe operation and long-term integrity of the pipeline system, Trans Mountain will replace two 609.60 mm O.D. pipeline segments, referred to as Coquihalla River Crossings No. 15 and No. 16, and decommission the associated segments in-place.

The Coquihalla River Crossings No. 15 and 16 Pipeline Replacement Project (the Project) will involve open- cut construction in the Coquihalla River (isolated open-cut and open-cut without isolation at Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and No. 16, respectively), and open trench construction on either side of the river. The replacement pipeline segments will parallel the Trans Mountain Expansion Project (TMEP) (Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity [CPCN] OC-65). The trench at each crossing will be sized to accommodate the installation of the new replacement 609.6 mm (24-inch) O.D. pipeline segment as well as the approved 914.4 mm (36-inch) O.D. TMEP pipeline. Project-specific activities are operational in nature and separate from TMEP (i.e., the existing pipeline replacements would occur, regardless); however, construction of the replacement pipeline will be carried out simultaneously with TMEP-specific construction activities to minimize potential environmental and socio-economic effects.

This Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment (ESA) has been prepared to support the anticipated incremental biophysical and socio-economic effects that may occur as a result of the Project. Pending regulatory approval, Project activities are scheduled to begin in August 2020. Following construction, the replacement pipeline segments will tie-in to the existing TMPL and be placed in-service. The existing pipeline will be decommissioned in-place under the Coquihalla River following the successful tie-in and commissioning of the replacement pipeline segments. Design, construction and operation of the Project will be conducted in compliance with all applicable codes, standards and regulations.

1.2 Regulatory Framework Trans Mountain has commissioned Jacobs Consultancy Canada Inc. to prepare an ESA to meet guidance contained in the CER Filing Manual (Filing Manual) (CER 2020), CER Interim Filing Guidance and Early Engagement Guide (Interim Guidance) (CER 2019a) and the CER Online Application System. The Filing Manual states that the proper scoping of Project activities and environmental and socio-economic elements likely to be affected reduces the risk of including unimportant or irrelevant information in the ESA (CER 2020). The Interim Guidance also states that, as per Section A.2.4 of the Filing Manual, the depth of analysis should be commensurate with the nature of the Project and the potential for effects. Accordingly, pursuant to Guide A and Guide K of the Filing Manual, the level of detail contained in this report corresponds to the nature and magnitude of the anticipated environmental and socio-economic impacts associated with the Project.

This ESA includes consideration of the Interim Guidance to address the changes as a result of Bill C-69 that came into force on August 28, 2019. The intent of the Interim Guidance is to outline factors to be considered in applications and provide direction for proponents on what should be filed when submitting an application to the CER. In accordance with the transition provisions in Bill C-69, the guidance provided in the Filing Manual and the Interim Guidance will apply to applications, unless otherwise directed by the CER.

The Interim Guidance outlines requirements for new factors to be considered in the legislation which have been addressed in this ESA, including:

• greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and climate change commitments (Section 4.0 and subsection 5.2); • the rights of Indigenous people (Section 4.0); • environmental obligations (subsection 1.2.1); and • and gender-based analysis plus (GBA+) (Section 5.0).

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

A list of environmental permits, approvals and authorizations for the Project are included in Section 4.0 of the TMEP Environmental Protection Plan (EPP) (Filing ID C01961) for construction of the replacement pipeline segments and the Project-specific Decommissioning EPP (Appendix A of this ESA).

Pursuant to the Interim Guidance for projects subject to future assessment by the CER under the CER Act, Trans Mountain filed its Project Notification package with the CER on November 5, 2019. On December 10, 2019, the CER provided receipt and feedback to Trans Mountain on the Project Notification.

1.2.1 Environmental Obligations Table 1-1 provides a list of the Government of Canada’s environmental obligations that are relevant to the Project, and a description of where each item has been considered in the ESA. TABLE 1-1

ENVIRONMENTAL OBLIGATIONS

Government of Canada Environmental Obligations Reason Location in ESA Biodiversity and Conservation SARA Trans Mountain will implement appropriate Table 5-3: Environmental and Socio-economic The SARA protects species listed as Extirpated, mitigation measures to reduce potential effects Effects Assessment Endangered and Threatened on Schedule 1 of to species listed on Schedule 1 of SARA, TMEP EPP (Filing ID C01961) and the SARA. SARA prohibits destruction of any part of contributing to Canada’s efforts to protect Decommissioning EPP (Appendix A of this ESA) critical habitat of Endangered or Threatened species and any part of their critical habitat. including the Wildlife Species of Concern species. Encounter and Discovery Contingency Plan Pollution Prevention Fisheries Act Trans Mountain has committed to constructing Table 5-3: Environmental and Socio-economic The Fisheries Act provides management and control the replacement pipeline segments within the Effects Assessment of fisheries, conservation and protection of fish and reduced-risk timing windows to avoid causing TMEP EPP (Filing ID C01961) and the fish habitat and pollution or harmful substance serious hard to fish, in compliance with the Decommissioning EPP (Appendix A of this ESA), deposits into waters frequented by fish. Fisheries Act, contributing to Canada’s efforts including the Fish Species of Concern regarding the conservation and protection of Contingency Plan fish and fish habitat. DFO Authorization for Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 MBCA Trans Mountain will implement appropriate Table 5-3: Environmental and Socio-economic The MBCA protects migratory birds and their habitat mitigation measures to initiate or complete Effects Assessment in Canada. No person shall “disturb, destroy, or take clearing activities outside of the migratory bird TMEP EPP (Filing ID C01961) and the a nest, egg, nest shelter, eider duck shelter, or duck nesting period or completing appropriate Decommissioning EPP (Appendix A) of this ESA box of a migratory bird”, except when authorized surveys prior to the initiation of physical work, with a permit. contributing to Canada’s efforts to protect migratory birds. Water Quality/Navigation Navigation Protection Act Trans Mountain will implement appropriate Table 5-3: Environmental and Socio-economic The CER has responsibility for approving pipelines mitigation measures to reduce potential Effects Assessment crossing navigable waters, regulating works and hazards associated with instream TMEP EPP (Filing ID C01961) and the obstructions that risk interfering with navigation. construction, and will notify waterway users Decommissioning EPP (Appendix A of this ESA) , The Navigation Protection Act also prohibits the prior to the commencement of in-water work, including a Navigation and Navigation Safety Plan depositing or throwing of materials that risk contributing to Canada’s efforts to reduce risks impacting navigation in navigable waters and the associated with navigation. dewatering of navigable waters. Notes: DFO = Fisheries and Oceans Canada MBCA = Migratory Bird Convention Act SARA = Species At Risk Act

1.2.2 Future Decommissioning or Abandonment of the Replacement Pipeline Segments At the time of decommissioning or abandonment of the new replacement pipeline segments, it is expected that Trans Mountain will review and consider current options, issues and regulatory requirements in consultation with Indigenous groups, stakeholders and Appropriate Government Authorities having an interest in the proposed works. Therefore, future decommissioning or abandonment of the replacement pipeline segments (i.e., at the end of the pipeline’s useful life) was not considered further in this assessment.

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

It is anticipated that activities associated with the future decommissioning or abandonment will include, at a minimum, reclamation of the sites to a state compatible with the surrounding land use at that time. The methods for evaluating the success of reclamation would be evaluated on the principle that measurement of the success of land reclamation is based on comparison with the adjacent site conditions while taking into consideration the status of reclamation at the time of the assessment. Vegetation, soil and landscape parameters would be used as criteria to measure the degree of reclamation success to ensure land productivity is comparable to the adjacent site conditions. Land reclamation may be deemed successful if no known or visible limitations to normal management, access, soil productivity or ecosystem function are evident during the evaluation.

1.3 Scope of the Assessment Scoping is the process of identifying the physical works and activities to include within the ESA and what biophysical and socio-economic elements are likely to be affected. Proper scoping reduces the risk of including unimportant or irrelevant information in the assessment or excluding factors that should be assessed. This ESA includes a description of the following:

• a summary of the Project’s technical and construction-related requirements (Section 2.0);

• the environmental and socio-economic setting (Section 4.0);

• the methods used for effects analysis and the rationale for selecting the methods chosen (Section 5.0);

• the predicted effects of the Project on the socio-economic and biophysical environment over the life of the Project (subsection 5.2);

• the recommended mitigation (subsection 5.2 and Appendix A) and inspection and monitoring measures (Section 6.0); and

• the predicted significance of residual Project effects and residual cumulative effects (subsection 5.2).

The scope of the assessment considers the factors listed in the Filing Manual (CER 2020) and Interim Guidance (CER 2019a), and pertinent issues and concerns raised during engagement, and identified by the assessment team.

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!. 616000 620000 !. ¯ OP5 SWAHLISEAH 14 !. KP 998 !. KP 1028 5476000 5476000

!. KP 999 TRAFALGAR !. FLAT 13 KP 1029

Coquihalla River !.KP 1000 KP 1030!. Crossing 15 !.KL 1000 + 228 !.

r KL 1000 + 510 e iv R KP 1001 !. r e !. s KP 1031 a r F

Hwy 5 C o KP 1002 !. q u i KP 1032 !. h a l l d a AYWAWWIS 15 R R i r v a e B r 5472000 n 5472000 o KP 1003 i KP 1033 !. n Kawkawa Lake !. U KAWKAWA KP 1008 KP 1037 !. !. KP 1007 KP 1036 LAKE 16 KP 1038 !. !. KP 1034 !. !. !. KP 1006 !. !. KP 1004 KP 1035 KP 1005 !. KP 1010!. KP 1039 KP 1009 !. !. 5 Rd KP 1040 OP O lo !. thel KP 1011 !. Tunnels Rd KL 1011 + 043 HOPE !. !. KL 1011 + 506 !. KP 1041 !. KP 1012 OP5A Coquihalla River Hw y 3 y Stein Valley Hw 5 Provincial Park !. Crossing 16 8 OP !!. KP 900 Merritt Mehatl Creek OP1 !. Provincial Park !. OP5 3+5 Garibaldi OP5A TS Provincial Park

Golden Ears Provincial Park OP3 Pinecone Burke Hope !. Provincial Park ! KP 1000 3 H UV E.c. Manning 3 w Provincial Park OP y 3 5468000 5468000 Skagit Valley KP 1100 Provincial Cathedral !. Park Provincial Park

USA 0 50

Kilometers

616000 620000

!. TMPL Replacement Pipeline Tie-In Point (!1 Highway Meters 0 600 1,200 1,800 !. TMEP Kilometre Post (KP) Proposed TMPL ReplacementRoad Pipeline ALL LOCATIONS APPROXIMATE Infill Segment Secondary Road !. TMPL Kilometre Post (KP) Railway TMPL Replacement Pipeline Indian Reserve Although there is no reason to believe that there are any FIGURE 1-1 errors associated with the data used to generate this product or in the product itself, users of these data are advised that Proposed TMEP Pipeline (SSEID005.21) Municipality errors in the data may be present. Existing TMPL NPS 24 Pipeline Park / Protected Area REGIONAL OVERVIEW

MAP NUMBER PAGE Projection: NAD 1983 UTM Zone 10N. FOR THE 201912_MAP_CH2M_GEN_01161_REV1_FIG1_1 SHEET 1 OF 1 TMPL Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 Pipeline Replacement Points and Centrelines provided by UPI December 16, 2019; TMPL Pipeline SSEID005.21 Spread 5B & KPs provided by UPI March 12, 2019; TMPL Route Revision 0 provided by KMC, May 2012; COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSINGS DATE REFERENCE REVISION Transportation: BC MFLNRO 2016 & NRCan 2015; Geopolitical Boundaries: NRCan 2018, BC MFLNRO 2016; Aboriginal Lands: January 2020 CE733700 Government of Canada 2018: Parks: BC MFLNRO 2008 & NRCan 2017; Hydrology: BC MFLNRO 2011; Hillshade: TERA Environmental NO. 15 AND 16 1 Consultants, 2008; Imagery: Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, SCALE PAGE SIZE DISCIPLINE and the GIS User Community FOR THE 1:50,000 8.5x11 GEN This document is provided by Trans Mountain Corporation (TMC) for use by the intended recipient only. This information is confidential and proprietary to TMC and is not to be provided to any other recipient without the written consent of TMC. It is not DRAWN CHECKED DESIGN to be used for legal, engineering or surveying purposes, nor for doing any work on or around TMC's pipelines and facilities, all of TRANS MOUNTAIN PIPELINE ULC SMZ DJN DJN which require TMC's prior written approval.

Watercourse Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Project Purpose The original TMPL was constructed in 1951. Recent routine integrity assessments along the existing TMPL determined that the Coquihalla River Crossings No. 15 and No. 16 have low depth of cover and are susceptible to failure due to mechanical damage as a result of large woody debris during a flood event. The existing pipeline segments will be replaced with new pipeline of the same diameter, installed deeper into the river substrate.

The purpose of the Project is to replace approximately 575 m of existing pipeline to ensure the ongoing safe operation and long-term integrity of the pipeline system at these locations.

Construction of the replacement pipeline will be carried out simultaneously TMEP-specific construction activities to minimize the potential environmental and socio-economic effects. Constructing the replacement pipeline adjacent and parallel to the segment of the existing TMPL to be decommissioned and the approved TMEP right-of-way will reduce the overall disturbance to landowners, land use and the environment.

2.2 Project Location 2.2.1 Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 The Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is located on Crown and fee-simple lands in a remote setting approximately 10 km northwest of the District of Hope, British Columbia (BC) within the Fraser Valley Regional District (Figure 2-1 of this ESA). The existing Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is approximately 275 m in length with young mixedwood forest located on either side of the crossing. This existing pipeline segment parallels Highway 5 (i.e., the Coquihalla Highway). The Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is identified as KP 1000.31 on the existing TMPL system. Environmental and socio-economic baseline setting information for this pipeline segment is provided in Table 4-1. The nearest residence is located approximately 122 m west of the Project Footprint.

2.2.2 Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 The Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is located on Crown, fee-simple and Trans Mountain-owned land in an urban setting within the District of Hope, BC (Figure 2-2 of this ESA) adjacent to the Old Hope-Princeton Highway. The existing Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is approximately 300 m in length with previously disturbed, privately-owned land on both sides of the Coquihalla River. The Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is identified as KP 1011.36 on the existing TMPL system. Environmental and socio-economic baseline setting information for this pipeline segment is provided in Table 4-2. The nearest residence is located approximately 19 m south of the Project Footprint.

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5474000 5474500

!. 622000 622000

r Hwy 5 e v i R !. a l l KP 1000 a h !. 5 i OP u KL 1000 + 510 q !. o C KP 1030 !. !. KL 1000 + 228

OP5A Stein Valley Provincial Park 8 OP !!. KP 900

Merritt 622500 Mehatl Creek OP1 Provincial Park OP5

Garibaldi OP5A Provincial 622500 Park

Golden Ears Provincial Park

Pinecone Burke Hope !. Provincial Park ! KP 1000 3 !. UV E.c. Manning 3 Provincial Park OP

Skagit Valley KP 1100 Provincial Cathedral !. Park Provincial Park

USA 0 50

Kilometers

5474000 5474500

!. TMPL Replacement Pipeline Tie-In Point (!1 Highway Meters 0 100 !. TMEP Kilometre Post (KP) ProposedRoad TMPL Replacement Pipeline ALL LOCATIONS APPROXIMATE Infill Segment !. TMPL Kilometre Post (KP) Secondary Road

TMPL Replacement Pipeline TMEP Easement (Exclusive) FIGURE 2-1 Although there is no reason to believe that there are any errors associated with the data used to generate this product or in the product itself, users of these data are advised that Proposed TMEP Pipeline (SSEID005.21) TMEP Temporary Workspace !. errors in the data may be present. COQUIHALLA RIVER Existing TMPL NPS 24 Pipeline TMEP Extra Temporary Workspace CROSSING NO. 15 MAP NUMBER PAGE Projection: NAD 1983 UTM Zone 10N. 201912_MAP_CH2M_GEN_01161_REV2_FIG2_1 SHEET 1 OF 1 TMPL Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 Pipeline Replacement Points and Centrelines provided by UPI September 11, 2019; TMPL FOR THE Pipeline SSEID005.21 Spread 5B & KPs provided by UPI March 12, 2019; TMPL Route Revision 0 provided by KMC, May 2012; DATE REFERENCE REVISION Transportation: BC MFLNRO 2016 & NRCan 2015; Hydrology: BC MFLNRO 2011; Hillshade: TERA Environmental Consultants, 2008; TRANS MOUNTAIN PIPELINE ULC January 2020 CE733700 Imagery: Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, and the GIS User 2 Community SCALE PAGE SIZE DISCIPLINE 1:5,000 8.5x11 GEN This document is provided by Trans Mountain Corporation (TMC) for use by the intended recipient only. This information is COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSINGS confidential and proprietary to TMC and is not to be provided to any other recipient without the written consent of TMC. It is not DRAWN CHECKED DESIGN to be used for legal, engineering or surveying purposes, nor for doing any work on or around TMC's pipelines and facilities, all of SMZ DJN DJN which require TMC's prior written approval. NO. 15 AND 16

!. !.

5470800 614400

Kawkawa ¯ Lake Rd

7th Ave Skylark Dr 614800 Frase r Canyo n Hospital

Riverview Dr 5470400 r e v Gordon Dr i Swallow Pl R a l l a ih u q Greenwood Dr o C Do gw o o d D !. r

Mountain Ash Dr Acacia Dr

!. KP 1011 5470800 KL 1011 + 043 !. !.KP 1041 !. Old Hope Princeton Way 614400 KL 1011 + 506 Mount Hope Rd

Gardner Dr

!. 615200 5470000 Stein Valley OP8 ProvincialRobertson Park Cres 5A ! OP Merritt !. Mehatl Creek KP 900 Provincial OP5 Park

Garibaldi Provincial OP1 Park OP5A Golden Ears Provincial Park !. OP5 TS3+5 TS3+5 Pinecone Burke Hope !. Provincial Park ! KP 1000 Hwy 3 OP3 E.c. Manning Provincial Park Skagit Valley KP 1100 Provincial Cathedral !. Park Provincial Park

USA 0 50 3+5

TS Kilometers GlenaireDr

614800 5470000 615200 5470400

!. TMPL Replacement Pipeline Tie-In Point 1 Highway Meters (! 0 100 !. TMEP Kilometre Post (KP) ProposedRoad TMPL Replacement Pipeline ALL LOCATIONS APPROXIMATE Infill Segment Secondary Road !. TMPL Kilometre Post (KP) TMPL Temporary Workspace TMPL Replacement Pipeline FIGURE 2-2 Although there is no reason to believe that there are any TMEP Easement (Exclusive) errors associated with the data used to generate this product or in the product itself, users of these data are advised that Proposed TMEP Pipeline (SSEID005.21) TMEP Temporary Workspace errors in the data may be present. COQUIHALLA RIVER Existing TMPL NPS 24 Pipeline TMEP Extra Temporary Workspace CROSSING NO. 16 MAP NUMBER PAGE Projection: NAD 1983 UTM Zone 10N. 201912_MAP_CH2M_GEN_01161_REV2_FIG2_2 SHEET 1 OF 1 TMPL Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 Pipeline Replacement Points and Centrelines provided by UPI December 16, 2019; TMPL FOR THE Pipeline, SSEID005.24 Spread 5B & KPs provided by UPI September 19, 2019; TMPL Route Revision 0 provided by KMC, May 2012; DATE REFERENCE REVISION Transportation: BC MFLNRO 2016 & NRCan 2015; Hydrology: BC MFLNRO 2011; Hillshade: TERA Environmental Consultants, 2008; TRANS MOUNTAIN PIPELINE ULC January 2020 CE733700 Imagery: Source: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, and the GIS User 2 Community SCALE PAGE SIZE DISCIPLINE 1:5,000 8.5x11 GEN This document is provided by Trans Mountain Corporation (TMC) for use by the intended recipient only. This information is COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSINGS confidential and proprietary to TMC and is not to be provided to any other recipient without the written consent of TMC. It is not DRAWN CHECKED DESIGN to be used for legal, engineering or surveying purposes, nor for doing any work on or around TMC's pipelines and facilities, all of SMZ DJN DJN which require TMC's prior written approval. NO. 15 AND 16

!. Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

2.3 Project Components The scope of the Project includes the construction and operation of two replacement pipeline segments and the decommissioning of the associated existing pipeline segments. This Project components include:

• installation of approximately 590 m of new 609.60 mm (24-inch) O.D. pipeline;

• decommissioning of approximately 575 m of the respective existing 609.60 mm O.D. (24-inch) pipeline segments;

• use of temporary workspace (TWS) and temporary access roads; and

• use of existing infrastructure (i.e., rights-of-way and permanent access roads).

There are no above ground facilities or permanent access roads required to support the Project.

The Project includes construction and operations phase of the replacement pipeline segments as well as the physical decommissioning activities and decommissioning in-place associated with existing pipeline segments.

Trans Mountain will retain the services of a qualified Environmental Inspector during all critical phases of the Project (refer to Section 6.0). The Environmental Inspector will monitor Project activities and ensure the implementation of protection measures outlined in the TMEP EPP (Filing ID C01961) and Decommissioning EPP (Appendix A of this ESA) during construction and decommissioning, respectively.

2.3.1 Construction of the Replacement Pipeline Segments Trans Mountain considered and evaluated a number of trenchless drilling and excavation options to meet the needs and purpose of the Project. Subsurface investigations conducted for the TMEP (BCG 2017) and local experience indicate that a trenchless watercourse crossing method (e.g., horizontal directional drill) is not geotechnically feasible at these locations. Constructing the replacement pipeline segments adjacent and parallel to the TMEP right-of-way is expected to reduce the overall disturbance to landowners, land use and the environment. Remnant vegetation not authorized through CPCN OC-65 will be removed on both sides of the river crossings to allow for Project- specific open trench construction. Construction equipment will travel along the existing right-of-way and access the crossing location via existing access roads that will be in place for the construction of TMEP. Design, construction and operations of the replacement pipeline segments will be in compliance with applicable codes, standards and regulations. Technical details of the replacement pipe construction are provided in Table 2-1.

TABLE 2-1

TECHNICAL DETAILS OF THE PROPOSED COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO. 15 AND 16 REPLACEMENT PIPELINE DESIGN

Pipeline Design Coquihalla No. 15 Technical Details Coquihalla No. 16 Technical Details Total Length Approximately 285 m Approximately 305 m Tie-in (south) D-86-F/92-H-6 C-44-E/92-H-6 Tie-in (north) A-96-F/92-H-6 A-54-E/92-H-6 Depth of Cover Minimum 3.0 m beneath the bed and banks Minimum 3.0 m beneath the bed and banks of the watercourse; 1.5 m otherwise of the watercourse; 2.0 m otherwise Length Parallel/Overlapping Existing Pipeline Right-of-Way 100% Product Low vapour pressure liquid hydrocarbon Pipe Coating Combination of fusion bond epoxy and Abrasion Resistant Overcoat Pipe Size 609.60 mm O.D. (NPS 24) Wall Thickness 12.70 mm (heavy wall pipe) Hydrostatic Test Medium Water

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

Both pipeline replacements will be installed through a combination of open-cut construction in the Coquihalla River and open trench construction on either side of the river. For each crossing, a single trench will be excavated from one side of the river to the other. The trench at each crossing will be sized to accommodate the installation of the new pipeline replacement segment as well as the approved TMEP pipeline. The pipeline replacement segments will be staged along the existing right-of-way and fully welded, inspected and coated on-site prior to installation. Once installed, the pipeline segments will be welded to the existing pipeline system and tested (x-ray and hydrostatic), tied into the TMPL system, and backfilled. The replacement pipeline segments will be coated with concrete for buoyancy control purposes. Any water withdrawals and releases associated with the proposed hydrostatic tests will comply with the Waste Discharge Regulation, BC Reg. 320/2004. Construction of the replacement pipeline segments within the bed and banks of both crossing locations will be conducted by the TMEP Contractor. Construction of the pipeline segments to tie into TMPL will be conducted by Trans Mountain. TMEP-approved TWS locations will be used during pipeline replacement construction activities (Figures 2-1 and 2-2). Approximately 0.28 ha of Project-specific TWS (i.e., not otherwise approved for TMEP) is required at Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 only.

Approximately 285 m of pipeline will be installed at the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15. This crossing traverses a narrow portion of the Coquihalla River. The river flow at this location will be isolated from trenching. The isolated open-cut construction method will re-direct flows around the work area using damming and pump and bypass techniques.

Approximately 305 m of pipeline will be installed at the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16. This crossing traverses a wider portion of the Coquihalla River and will be installed using an open-cut without isolation construction method directly in the river. This involves excavating a trench for either a wet or partially dry ditch and then installing the pipe and backfilling to ensure adequate depth of cover. Ditch pumps will be used to make the trench as dry as possible. Water will be pumped into a temporary water basin. To control the natural flow of water at this location, cofferdam and flume pipes will be installed on the upstream side of the river.

Replacement pipeline construction activities are presented in Table 2-2. The activities are in the general order of occurrence although some activities may occur concurrently.

TABLE 2-2

REPLACEMENT PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES

Phase Associated Activities Survey Activities include line-of-sight flagging and staking of the boundaries of the construction right-of-way and TWS, as well as marking the trench line, excavation areas and existing utilities. Avoidance areas will be appropriately fenced or flagged, where warranted. Clearing On either side of the river, vegetation will be mowed or cleared, as needed, to allow for open trench construction. Typical equipment used for clearing activities includes rotary grinders, mulchers, dozers and backhoes. Topsoil Material Topsoil will be salvaged to maintain soil productivity. The width and depth of topsoil salvage depends on a number of factors Salvage including, but not limited to: land use; soil conditions; topography; and grading requirements. Topsoil will be stripped and stored. Equipment used during topsoil handling activities may include dozers, graders, hoes and/or excavators. Grading Following topsoil salvage, grading will be conducted on irregular ground surfaces (including TWS, as needed) to provide a safe work surface. Depending upon ground conditions at the time of construction, matting may be required. Graders, excavators, hoes and dozers may be used for this activity. Watercourse Both pipeline replacement segments will be installed through a combination of open-cut construction in the Coquihalla River and open Crossing trench construction on either side of the river. Installation Approximately 285 m of pipeline will be installed at the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15. This crossing traverses a narrow portion of the Coquihalla River. The river flow at this location will be isolated from trenching. Approximately 305 m of pipeline will be installed at the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16. This crossing traverses a wider portion of the Coquihalla River and will be installed using an open-cut construction method directly in the river. This involves excavating a trench through the water crossing to the required depth and then installing the pipe and backfilling to ensure adequate depth of cover. Ditch pumps will be used to make the trench as dry as possible. Water will be pumped into a temporary water basin. To control the natural flow of water at this location, cofferdam and flume pipes will be installed on the upstream side of the river. Stringing and The pipe will be transported by truck from stockpile sites to the construction right-of-way. The pipeline will be strung, welded, pre- Welding tested (non-destructive) and coated prior to being lowered into the trench. Equipment used may include manual and mechanical welding components, pipe trucks, booms, pick-up trucks, excavators and x-ray or ultrasonic inspection equipment.

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TABLE 2-2 Cont’d

Phase Associated Activities Trenching For each crossing, a single trench will be excavated from one side of the river to the other. The trench at each crossing will be sized to accommodate the installation of the new replacement 609.60 mm O.D. pipeline segment as well as the approved 914.4 mm O.D. TMEP pipeline. The trench will be excavated to a depth sufficient to ensure the depth of cover is in accordance or in excess of applicable codes. Typically, an excavator or wheel ditcher will be used to excavate the trench. These segments are typically lowered into the trench using sideboom tractors. Trench dewatering may be necessary at certain locations during lowering-in (e.g., to ensure acceptable bedding for pipe, to prevent the pipe from floating, or for performing tie-in welds). Backfilling Once the replacement pipeline segments have been installed, topsoil will be replaced, and the site will be revegetated. Excavated areas will be backfilled using excavators, graders, dozers, hoes or specialized backfilling equipment. Backfill material will generally consist of native trench spoil material. Displaced subsoil will be crowned over the trench to compensate for settlement and any excess trench spoil will be feathered-out over adjacent portions of the right-of-way where topsoil salvage has occurred. Testing The replacement pipeline segments will be staged along the existing right-of-way and fully welded, inspected and coated on-site. Once installed, the pipeline segments will be welded to the existing pipeline system and tested (x-ray and hydrostatic), tied into the TMPL system, and backfilled. All piping will be hydrostatically pressure tested and relevant Provincial and Federal regulations for hydrostatic testing will be followed. Hydrostatic test water will be withdrawn from the Coquihalla River, subject to British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission (BC OGC) approvals. Upon successful hydrostatic test, the water will be tested, and discharged to ground within the vicinity of the site, adjacent to the Coquihalla River. Any water withdrawals and releases associated with the proposed hydrostatic tests will comply with the Waste Discharge Regulation, BC Reg. 320/2004. Prior to discharge to land, it will be tested for heavy metals. A caliper tool propelled by compressed air and a 4-hour strength and leak test will be conducted. Clean-up and Initial clean-up and reclamation activities along disturbed portions of the construction right-of-way will be initiated following backfilling, Reclamation once weather and soil conditions permit. Matting will be removed immediately from the pipeline right-of-way; all grade cuts will be replaced, and approaches or ramps pulled up. If schedule delays occur and winter construction is required, rough clean-up will be conducted immediately following construction. Final clean-up and reclamation activities will be conducted once ground conditions permit and the trench has settled. The Project Footprint will be reclaimed. The success of reclamation measures will be evaluated and reported in post-construction environmental monitoring reports.

2.3.2 Replacement Pipeline Operations Phase Post-construction monitoring will be conducted during the operations phase of the Project to evaluate the success of reclamation efforts on areas disturbed during construction. Trans Mountain will conduct long- term monitoring on the site and prepare maintenance plans and quality assurance/control programs to address any potential adverse environmental effects. The replacement pipeline construction footprint for both crossings will be monitored in accordance with the TMEP Post-Construction Environmental Monitoring Reports (Condition 151).

Trans Mountain has programs in place (e.g., Integrity Management Plan, Hazards Management Plan) to manage the safe operations and long-term integrity of its existing facilities. These programs will be expanded to include the replacement pipeline throughout its service life.

2.3.3 Decommissioning of the Existing Pipeline Segments Approximately 575 m of the existing pipeline crossing will be decommissioned immediately following the successful tie-in of the replacement pipeline. Product will be displaced from the existing crossing, the pipeline will be cleaned, and the ends will be cut and capped. In accordance with CSA Z662-19, product will be displaced from the segments of existing pipeline, and then cleaned. A blind flange will be installed, and the pipeline will be left in-place. The existing pipeline segments will be filled with cementitious grout (i.e., mixture of cement, sand and water). This is necessary to ensure the pipe does not become buoyant, and reduces the likelihood of the decommissioned pipeline segments left in-place deteriorating and creating ground subsidence issues or acting as a preferred water conduit. Decommissioning in-place of the existing TMPL under the Coquihalla River (as opposed to decommissioning by removal) will prevent erosion and subsidence of the river bed and banks, and will reduce the likelihood of the decommissioned pipeline acting as a water conduit. Decommissioning activities will occur within the existing, previously cleared TMPL right-of-way. Approximately 0.49 ha of land will be required for TWS at each decommissioning location to accommodate physical activities. Approximately 275 m of existing pipeline will be decommissioned at the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15, including 220 m underneath the river that will be decommissioned in-place and filled with cementitious grout, and 55 m that will be removed.

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Approximately 300 m of existing pipeline will be decommissioned at the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16, including 245 m underneath the river that will be decommissioned in-place and filled with cementitious grout, and 55 m that will be removed.

Trans Mountain has an obligation pursuant to Section 6 of the NEB OPR to ensure that the pipeline is constructed, operated and abandoned in a manner that ensures the safety and security of the pipeline, the public, company employees and the environment. Operational access along the decommissioned segment is necessary to monitor the condition of the decommissioned pipeline segments and adhere to the requirements of the NEB OPR.

Once the respective replacement pipeline segments are installed, the existing pipeline segments will be purged of residual product and decommissioned in-place. Trans Mountain will continue to monitor the condition of these segments in accordance with the TMPL Integrity Management Plan. Decommissioning activities will be completed by Trans Mountain, by contractors separate from the TMEP. Decommissioning activities will follow contractor safety plans and Trans Mountain’s Emergency Response Plans.

Technical details of the pipeline to be decommissioned are provided in Table 2-3.

TABLE 2-3

TECHNICAL DETAILS OF THE PIPELINE SEGMENT TO BE DECOMMISSIONED

Component Coquihalla No. 15 Technical Details Coquihalla No. 16 Technical Details Total Length (in-place and removed): Approximately 275 m Approximately 300 m In-place 220 m 245 m Removed 55 m 550 m Cut and Cap Locations: A-96-F/92-H-6 and D-86-F/92-H-6 A-54-E/92-H-6 and C-44-E/92-H-6 Product: Low vapour pressure liquid hydrocarbon Pipe Coatings: Coal tar enamel Pipe Size: 609.60 mm O.D. (NPS 24) Footprint: Decommissioning activities will occur at both ends of the pipeline segment within the same Footprint as that to be used during construction of the pipeline replacement segment. The area necessary at each end to access the pipeline and perform the tasks associated with decommissioning will include both existing right-of-way and TWS. Purge Material: Inert gas (i.e., nitrogen) Fill Material: Cementitious grout

2.4 Estimated Workforce Requirements Considering the location of the replacement pipeline segments in proximity to the TMEP right-of-way and the potential synergies in timing of construction, it is planned so that construction of the replacement pipeline will be carried out simultaneously with TMEP-specific construction activities to minimize the potential environmental and socio-economic effects.

Decommissioning activities will be completed following the commissioning of the replacement pipeline and will be completed by a separate Trans Mountain construction crew consisting of 20 individuals per site. There are no permanent jobs as a result of the Project.

2.5 Project Schedule Pipeline construction activities are progressive commencing with survey and preparation of the right-of-way and continuing through pipeline replacement construction. Trans Mountain intends to proceed with the in-stream replacement pipeline work in August, which is the Least Risk Window for juvenile or adult salmonids, as identified by DFO.

Construction of the replacement pipeline segments will begin in August 2020 and August 2021 for the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 and No. 15, respectively. Replacement pipeline construction work is anticipated to be complete within 3 months, with 1 month of instream work in August. The replacement pipeline will be connected to cathodic protection and placed in-service following construction during a scheduled mainline service outage required to facilitate such activities.

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Clean-up activities associated with replacement pipeline segments will begin immediately following construction and continue in the spring such that reclamation can occur under dry ground conditions. Replacement pipeline segments will tie-into the existing TMPL at a later date.

Decommissioning activities will be completed following the successful commissioning of the replacement pipeline and are anticipated to commence at a later date during a scheduled mainline service outage required to facilitate such activities. Decommissioning of the existing pipeline is anticipated to take approximately 2 weeks. Clean-up activities will occur immediately after the decommissioning of the existing pipeline and continue in the spring, as needed.

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3.0 CONSULTATION AND INDIGENOUS ENGAGEMENT Over the course of October 2019, Trans Mountain provided potentially-affected persons and communities an information package describing the proposed activities and execution methodology, locations and maps, anticipated environmental and socio-economic effects and management and mitigation measures that it intends to rely on. Trans Mountain included contact information and CER resources that are available to assist interested parties in understanding the regulatory process and options for participation. Upon providing the information package to potentially-affected persons and communities, Trans Mountain followed-up to inquire as to whether there were any Project-specific questions or concerns. An information package was provided to potentially-affected persons and communities. The CER initially provided Trans Mountain a Project-specific Traditional Territory Analysis in December 2017, which was updated in August 2019.

Trans Mountain submitted a Project Notification Package to the CER on November 5, 2019 that included a list of potentially-affected persons and communities as well as a summary of early engagement activities. On December 10, 2019, the CER provided receipt and feedback to Trans Mountain on the Project Notification. The CER evaluated the information provided and determined that CER-led early engagement activities are not required.

Trans Mountain has identified the following local governments, landowner/rights holders and Indigenous groups as potentially-impacted by Project activities:

Local Government:

• Fraser Valley Regional District • District of Hope

Landowners and Right Holders:

• Reo Rafting Ltd. • Fraser River Raft Expeditions Ltd. • Thompson Rivers University • Westcoast Energy Inc. • British Columbia Hydro and Power Authority • Allstream Inc. • Fred J. Green Agency Limited • 1054408 B.C. LTD • Three private landowners

Indigenous Groups:

• Aitchelitz First Nation • Ashcroft Indian Band • BC Métis Federation • Boothroyd First Nation • Boston Bar First Nation • Chawathil First Nation • Chi:yo:m (Cheam) First Nation • Coldwater Indian Band • Cook’s Ferry First Nation • Kanaka Bar First Nation • Kwantlen First Nation • Kwaw-kwaw-Apilt First Nation • Leq’a:mel (Lakahahmen, Nicomen) First Nation • Lower Nicola First Nation • Lower Nicola Indian Band • Lower Similkameen First Nation

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• Lytton First Nation • Matsqui First Nation • Métis Nation of British Columbia • Métis Nation of British Columbia – Lower Mainland Region • N’laka’pamux Nation Tribal Council • Nicola Tribal Association • Nicomen First Nation • Nooaitch First Nation • Okanagan First Nation • Oregon Jack Creek First Nation • Penticton First Nation • Popkum First Nation • S’ohl Temexw • Scowlitz First Nation • Seabird Island Band • Shackan First Nation • Shxw’ow’hamel (Ohamil) First Nation • Shxwha’:y Village • Siska First Nation • Skawahlook First Nation • Skowkale (Skulkayn) First Nation Skuppah First Nation • Skw’atels (Peters) First Nation • Skwah First Nation • Soowahlie First Nation • Spuzzum First Nation • Squiala First Nation • Stó:lō Nation • Stó:lō Tribal Council • Sumas First Nation • Ts’elxwéyeqw Tribe • Tzeachten (Ch’yaqtel) First Nation • Union Bar First Nation • Upper Nicola First Nation • Westbank First Nation • Yakweakwioose First Nation • Yale First Nation

To date, the District of Hope and the Fraser Valley Regional District have both indicated that they do not have questions or concerns. No Project-specific issues or concerns have been raised by other potentially- affected persons or communities.

Trans Mountain will continue to conduct any required follow-up with Indigenous groups in the Project area prior to and during construction of the proposed Project and seek to resolve any concerns that are raised.

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4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC SETTING This section describes the environmental and socio-economic setting along the proposed pipeline route, using the spatial boundaries described in subsection 5.1 and the guidance outlined in Tables A-1, A-2 and A-3 of the Filing Manual (CER 2020).

Information collected for the setting was obtained from existing literature, regulatory bodies, government databases and internet searches, all of which are cited in Section 8.0 of this ESA, as well as site-specific information gathered during applicable surveys completed for Trans Mountain.

TABLE 4-1

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC SETTING FOR COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO. 15

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TABLE 4-1 Cont'd

Environmental and Socio-Economic Elements Summary of Considerations Vegetation • Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is located within the Southern Dry Submaritime variant of the Coastal Western Hemlock BGC Zone and the Chilliwack Forest District. • The Coastal Western Hemlock is, on average, the wettest BGC Zone in BC. Western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) is the most common tree species in forested areas. Western red cedar (Thuja plicata) occurs throughout the zone and Douglas- fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) is abundant in drier areas of the zone. The Dry Southern Submaritime Coastal Western Hemlock variant has a canopy dominated by Douglas-fir, western hemlock and western red cedar. The herbaceous layer is dominated by prince’s pine (Chimaphila menziesii), dull Oregon-grape (Berberis nervosa) and queen’s cup (Clintonia uniflora). The bryophyte layer is dominated by the mosses Hylocomium splendens, Rhytidiopsis robusta, Pleurozium schreberi and lesser amounts of Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus and Rhytidiadelphus loreus (Meidinger and Pojar 1991). • The Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 footprint encounters young mixedwood forest. Remnant vegetation not authorized through CPCN OC-65 will be removed on both sides of the river crossings to allow for Project-specific open trench construction. Replacement pipeline construction activities will require incremental vegetation clearing since construction activities will be conducted sequentially with the TMEP. Occasional, site-specific maintenance activities (i.e., integrity digs) will be conducted throughout the life of the replacement pipeline segment. Decommissioning activities will occur on the existing, previously cleared TMPL right-of-way with approximately 0.49 ha of TWS required for physical decommissioning activities. • TEM for the Project area was completed as part of the TMEP in 2013. TEM indicates that there is one site series present in the forested area within the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 footprint on the north side of the crossing: 05 (Western cedar – Solomon’s-seal, now called Western redcedar – Douglas-fir / vine maple [BC CDC 2019a]) as well as two site series present in the forested area within the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 footprint on the south side of the crossing: 05 and 09 (black cottonwood - Red-osier dogwood, now called black cottonwood – red alder / salmonberry). These sites are located on the TMEP footprint that will be cleared prior to the initiation of Project-specific activities. Mature forests of these site series are considered rare ecological communities (BC CDC 2019a); however, based on the TEM, these forests are not old enough to be considered rare. • TEM plots in the TEM polygons on either side of the crossing were surveyed April 15, 2013. On the north side, a plot was located approximately 165 m northwest of the Project. On the south side, a TEM plot was located approximately 45 m southeast of the Project. • The TEM plot 165 m northwest of the Project is situated in the moist young forest adjacent to the Coquihalla River. The vegetation at this location consisted of a canopy of western redcedar, Douglas-fir, western hemlock, and bigleaf maple (Acer macrophyllum) with a tall shrub layer of western redcedar and vine maple (Acer circinatum), an understory of sword fern (Polystichum munitum), and a bryophyte layer of Hylocomium splendens and Rhytidiadelphus loreus. • The TEM plot 45 m southeast of the Project is located in young mixedwood forest of bigleaf maple, Douglas fir, western hemlock, and western redcedar with a tall shrub layer of red elderberry (Sambucus racemosa), an understory of false Solomon’s-seal (Maianthemum racemosum ssp. amplexicaule), enchanter’s-nightshade (Circaea alpina ssp. alpina), and sword fern, and a bryophyte layer of Hylocomium splendens, Rhytidiadelphus loreus and Eurhynchium oreganum. • The Project is located within the area assessed by the FVISS. • Within 1 km of the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 footprint, the IAPP database indicates the presence of number of weed species including a species categorized as “Control” by the FVISS, Himalayan blackberry (Rubus discolor). Control species are common and widespread throughout the Fraser Valley, and control should be focused in high value areas and biological control should be used if available (FVISS 2020). • Additional species tracked by IAPP known from within 1 km of the Project include Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) and perennial sow thistle (Sonchus arvensis), which are provincially noxious species, and a burdock species (Arctium spp.), common tansy (Tanacetum vulgare), orange-red hawkweed (Hieracium aurantiacum), oxeye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare), St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum), and yellow hawkweed (Hieracium pratense) (BC MFLNRO 2005). • Great burdock (Arctium lappa) was observed on the north and south sides of Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 during the rare plant survey in 2013. • There are no Old Growth Management Areas at the replacement pipeline footprint (BC MFLNRO 2011a,b).

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TABLE 4-1 Cont'd

Environmental and Socio-Economic Elements Summary of Considerations Water Quality and • The Project is located within the Lower-Fraser River Watershed. Quantity • The Project will involve the construction of a replacement pipeline watercourse crossing of the Coquihalla River, a class S1B watercourse, from C-44-E/92-H-6 to A-54-E/92-H-6. The Coquihalla River originates near the Coquihalla Lakes on Highway 5, winding through a steep valley of the Cascade Mountains following Highway 5 and the Old Coquihalla Road for approximately 56 km before discharging into the Fraser River near the District of Hope. • A single trench will be excavated from one side of the river to the other. The trench will be sized to accommodate the concurrent installation of the new replacement 609.60 mm O.D. pipeline segment as well as the 914.4 mm O.D. TMEP pipeline. • Instream work required for the Project will include the installation of the replacement pipeline using an isolated open-cut method. While the planned work is operational and separate from the TMEP, it will be carried out simultaneously with TMEP construction to minimize environmental impact and disturbances to the public. There is no instream work required for decommissioning activities. • There are no documented water wells located within 1 km of the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 location (Government of BC 2019b). Project activities are not expected to affect well water quality. • There are no documented springs located within 1 km of the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 location (BC MFLNRO 2010). Project activities are not expected to affect spring water quality. • Contaminants of concern associated with Project activities that may affect water quality, if spilled or leaked, include crude oil, lubricants, fuel, anti-freeze, hydraulic fluids, as well as coating residues from the decommissioned pipeline. Fish and Fish Habitat • The Coquihalla River originates near the Coquihalla Lakes on Highway 5, winding through a steep valley of the Cascade Mountains and following Highway 5 and Old Coquihalla Road for approximately 56 km before discharging into the Fraser River near the District of Hope. • The Coquihalla River is a major tributary to the lower Fraser River and is known to provide fish habitat. Fish species previously documented (BC MFLNRORD 2019; BC ENV 2019; BC MOE 2011) in the Coquihalla River include: − bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus); − Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha); − chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta); − coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki); − coastrange sculpin (Cottus aleuticus); − coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch); − cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii); − Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma); − large scale sucker (Catostomus macrocheilus); − leopard dace (Rhinichthys falcatus); − longnose dace (Rhinichthys cataractae); − longnose sucker (Catostomus catostomus); − mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni); − northern pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus oregonensis); − pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha); − rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss); − sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka); and − steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss). • The Coquihalla River serves as a migratory corridor for summer and winter steelhead and five species of Pacific salmon (listed above). Both replacement pipeline segments are located in areas with limited salmon spawning potential within the instream construction footprint due to high percentages of large cobble/boulder and/or high water velocities. Discharge in the spring/winter is typically high. • Fish habitat surveys were conducted for the TMEP in August 2012 at TMEP KP 1032.6 (watercourse crossing BC-645). The crossing is located in a remote setting and is parallel to Highway 5/Coquihalla Highway. Juvenile rainbow trout were captured along channel edges in areas of reduced velocity; boulders and occasional pools provide moderate habitat for rearing and overwintering. Spawning at the crossing location is limited by extensive riffles (high water velocities) and predominately large substrate (large cobble and boulder); Riparian habitat function was rated as moderate (Filing ID A82366). • During the field surveys, channel morphology was assessed as sinuous and frequently confined, with sloping left bank and sloping right bank. Mean channel width was 47.50 m, mean wetted width was 37.00 m. The Zone of Influence (ZOI) was proposed to be 1,000 m for BC-645 TMEP crossing. Habitat at the crossing consists of run-pool while habitat within the ZOI consists of riffle-run habitat at 3% gradient, with depths ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 m. High flow is evident and armouring will be required. • The recommended Provincial (BC ENV) and DFO Least Risk Window for the Coquihalla River is August 1 to August 31. The planned pipeline crossing method is an isolation, with all instream work scheduled to occur in August 2020. The timing aligns with the low flow, least risk biological window for juvenile or adult salmonids as identified by the DFO. • See the Species at Risk element of this table for information regarding fish species at risk.

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TABLE 4-1 Cont'd

Environmental and Socio-Economic Elements Summary of Considerations Wetlands • The Project is located within the South Coastal Mountain Region. Characteristic wetlands are primarily fens and marshes. Peat accumulation ranges from approximately 1 m in fens to minimal or no peat accumulation in marshes (Energy, Mines and Resources Canada 1986). • A desktop review did not identify any wetlands within 30 m of Project activities. Wildlife and Wildlife • Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is located within the North Cascades Grizzly Bear Population Unit (Government of Habitat BC 2019a). • South of the Coquihalla River, the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is located within the Sowaqua Spotted Owl Wildlife Habitat Area 2-498, which is designated as a Long-term Owl Habitat Area (Government of BC 2019a). • The Project is not located within any other Provincially- or Federally-identified wildlife areas or other designated wildlife areas including Important Bird Areas (Bird Studies Canada 2019), Migratory Bird Sanctuaries (ECCC 2019b), National Wildlife Areas (ECCC 2019c), Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserves (WHSRN 2019), Ramsar wetlands (The Ramsar Convention Secretariat 2014), or World Biosphere Reserves (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 2018). • The Project is located within migratory bird nesting zone A1 (ECCC 2018a). The primary nesting window is March 26 to August 16, which may overlap with Project construction and/or physical/decommissioning activities. • See the Species at Risk element of this table for information regarding wildlife species at risk. Species at Risk or Species Vegetation of Special Status and • A search of the BC CDC database of known rare plant, lichen and ecological community occurrences identified one rare Related Habitat element occurrences within 5 km of the Project: rare ecological community western hemlock – Douglas-fir / Electrified cat’s-tail moss (BC MFLNRORD 2019). As discussed in the Vegetation section, the forests on the Project footprint are not old enough to be considered potential rare ecological communities. • The BC CDC rare plant species data are provided by BGC subzone and Forest District (BC CDC 2019a). All Red and Blue-listed vascular plants and bryophytes, and lichen species listed on SARA or by COSEWIC in the BGC Zone and Forest District of the Project are included in Appendix B. • There are 11 plant and lichen species with Federal designations under the COSEWIC and the SARA (Provincial and Federal designations definitions are provided in Appendix B) known to occur in the BGC Zone and Forest District where the Project is located. These include: − tall bugbane (Actaea elata var elata, Red-list, Endangered on SARA and by COSEWIC); − Vancouver Island beggarticks (Bidens amplissima, Blue-list, Special Concern on SARA and by COSEWIC); − Roell’s brotherella moss (Brotherella roellii, Red-list, listed as Endangered on SARA and by COSEWIC); − phantom orchid (Cephalanthera austiniae, Red-list, designated as Threatened on SARA and Endangered by COSEWIC); − banded cord-moss (Entosthodon fasicularis, Blue-list, Special Concern on SARA and by COSEWIC); − silver hair moss (Fabronia pusilla, Red-list, Endangered on SARA and by COSEWIC); − poor pocket moss (Fissidens pauperculus, Red-list, Endangered on SARA and by COSEWIC); − peacock vinyl lichen (Leptogium polycarpum, Yellow-list, listed as Special Concern on SARA and by COSEWIC). − streambank lupine (Lupinus rivularis, Red-list, Endangered on SARA and by COSEWIC); − cryptic paw (Nephroma occultum, Blue-list, Special Concern on SARA and Threatened by COSEWIC); and − whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis, Blue-list, Endangered on SARA and by COSEWIC). • The north and south sides of the crossing were surveyed for rare ecological communities and rare plants on May 24, 2013 and July 16, 2013 as part of the TMEP. No rare ecological communities or rare plants were observed during either survey. • No critical habitat for vegetation species at risk is present on the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 Footprint (Environment Canada 2013). Aquatics • There are eight species, based on known ranges, species biology and habitat availability, occurrence records and critical habitat information, that are listed on Schedule 1 of SARA (Government of Canada 2019a) and/or by COSEWIC (Government of Canada 2019b), and the BC CDC (2019b) are known to occur in the Coquihalla River: − coho salmon (designated Threatened by COSEWIC); − coastal cutthroat trout (S3S4, Blue-listed by BC CDC); − leopard dace (S5, Yellow-listed by BC CDC); − longnose dace (S5, Yellow-listed by BC CDC); − Lower Fraser River Populations of white sturgeon are listed as Threatened by COSEWIC and S1S2 Red-listed by BC CDC and have a potential to occur in the Coquihalla River; − northern pikeminnow (S5, Yellow-listed by BC CDC); − rainbow trout (S5, Yellow-listed by BC CDC); and − south coast population of bull trout (S2S3, Blue-listed by BC CDC, designated as Special Concern by COSEWIC and SARA).

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

TABLE 4-1 Cont'd

Environmental and Socio-Economic Elements Summary of Considerations Species at Risk or Species Wildlife of Special Status and • A search of BC CDC iMap records (Government of BC 2019a) identified historical observations of mountain beaver Related Habitat (cont’d) (Aplodontia rufa) in proximity to Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15. Species status is summarized below. The Project Footprint is within the core habitat area for the mountain beaver, identified in the Management Plan for the species, adopted under Section 69 of SARA (Environment Canada 2015). • The Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is not located within proposed or final critical habitat for wildlife species at risk (Environment Canada 2015; ECCC 2018b; ECCC 2019d). • There are 14 wildlife species at risk (listed on Schedule 1 of SARA or by COSEWIC [Government of Canada 2019a, b]) or species of special status (Red- or Blue-listed in BC [BC CDC 2019b]) that have potential to occur within the vicinity of Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15, based on known ranges, species biology, habitat availability and occurrence records. These include: − band-tailed pigeon (Patagioenas fasciata, Blue-list, Special Concern on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − bank swallow (Riparia riparia, Yellow-list, Threatened on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − barn swallow (Hirundo rustica, Blue-list, Threatened on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − common nighthawk (Chordeiles minor, Yellow-list, Threatened on Schedule 1 of SARA and recently downlisted to Special Concern by COSEWIC); − dun skipper (Euphyes vestris, Red-list, Threatened on Schedule 1 of SARA and by the COSEWIC). − little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus, Yellow-list, Endangered on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa), Yellow-list, Special Concern on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − northern red-legged frog (Rana aurora, Blue-list, Special Concern on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − northern rubber boa (Charina bottae, Yellow-list, Special Concern on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − olive-sided flycatcher (Contopus cooperi, Blue-list, Threatened on Schedule 1 of SARA and recently downlisted to Special Concern by COSEWIC); − Peregrine falcon, anatum subspecies (Falco peregrinus anatum, Red-list, Special Concern on Schedule 1 of SARA and designated Not at Risk by COSEWIC); − short-eared owl (Asio flammeus, Blue-list, Special Concern on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − western toad (Anaxyrus boreas, Yellow-list, Special Concern on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); and − Townsend’s big eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii, Blue-list). Air Emissions and GHG • The primary sources of air emissions (CACs) during replacement pipeline construction and decommissioning activities will Emissions be from fuel combustion and dust related to the use of transportation vehicles and heavy-duty equipment (e.g., excavators, winching equipment and stationary side booms). During operations, emissions will be limited to transportation and equipment use during maintenance activities. • CACs expected to be emitted from Project-related activities include sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide and particulate matter. CAC emissions from transportation activities during replacement pipeline, decommissioning and operational activities are expected to be minor. • Vegetation removal associated with the Project (i.e., incremental area during replacement pipeline construction and TWS during decommissioning) may adversely affect the sequestration of carbon dioxide on previously treed lands. There is no burning required to support construction or decommissioning activities. • Sources of GHG emissions as a result of Project activities are predominantly from land clearing, stationary and mobile combustion, and emissions from purging and venting during physical decommissioning activities. Total GHG emissions from these activities associated with Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 are conservatively estimated to be 173.9 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents. • Participation in Provincial or Federal reporting programs is not considered necessary as the Project is expected to produce minor amounts of GHGs during the pipeline replacement, decommissioning or operations. • The nearest residence to Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is located approximately 122 m west. • The Project does not include the installation or operation of a gas plant, pump or compressor station. • Operations and maintenance activities for the Project will not contribute a measurable amount of airborne emissions to the atmosphere, therefore, detailed air quality information is not warranted as per Table A-1 of the Filing Manual. • Since the Project is not anticipated to generate high or medium volumes of GHG emissions during replacement pipeline, decommissioning or operational activities, and no public concerns associated with an increase in GHG emissions have been raised to date, detailed information on the effects of GHG emissions resulting from the Project is not warranted as per Table A-2 of the Filing Manual and Interim Guidance.

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

TABLE 4-1 Cont'd

Environmental and Socio-Economic Elements Summary of Considerations Acoustic Environment • A temporary increase in noise levels is anticipated during replacement pipeline construction and decommissioning activities. The primary sources of Project-related noise will be vehicles and equipment use during construction and physical decommissioning activities. • The Project does not include any facilities that will continuously generate noise throughout the operations phase, and therefore, is not anticipated to result in an increase in noise emissions during operations aside from occasional site- specific maintenance. • There are no applicable local bylaws relating to noise for the Fraser Valley Regional District’s Electoral Area B where the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is located; however, the Fraser Valley Regional District has general guidelines on noise as a disturbance in bylaws for gravel operations, park regulations and campground regulations. • The BC OGC Noise Control Best Practices Guideline (BC OGC 2018) does not include guidance regarding pipeline construction or operation. Although the guideline was established for noise control associated with operations of oil and gas wells/facilities, its recommended best practices are commonly adopted for management of noise for construction and operations of various project types in BC. The BC noise guidelines for temporary activities (i.e., activities lasting less than 60 days) state that noise impacts should be less than 55 dBA. • Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is located in an area zoned as Rural Resource (Regional District of Fraser-Cheam 1989). • Potential receptors to nuisance noise emissions include local residents in the Project area. The nearest residence to Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is located approximately 122 m west. • Further detailed information is not warranted as per Table A-1 and A-2 of the Filing Manual. Human Occupancy and • Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is located in a remote setting within the Fraser Valley Regional District Electoral Area B. Resource Use Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is approximately 10 km northeast of the District of Hope and is parallel to Highway 5 (Coquihalla Highway). Construction of the replacement pipeline will be carried out simultaneously with TMEP-specific construction activities to minimize potential environmental and socio-economic effects. • There are no IRs located within 5 km of the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 footprint. • The Coquihalla Canyon Provincial Park is located approximately 5 km southwest of Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15. • Outdoor recreational use near Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 includes hiking, swimming, camping, rafting and fishing (FVRD 2012). • Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is not located within a Reserve and Notation tenure. Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is located in Trapline Tenure TR0202T004 within the Lower Mainland Wildlife Management Unit (Government of BC 2019a). • Access to Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is via Highway 5 (Coquihalla Highway). No new permanent access roads are required. • There are no above ground facilities required to support the Project. Upon completion of construction and decommissioning activities, the Project will not result in any predicted visual or other aesthetic effects. • There are no water wells located within 1 km of the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 footprint (Government of BC 2019b). Project activities are not expected to affect water quality, land and water-based infrastructure, water reserves or licences. • The nearest residence to Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is located approximately 122 m west. Heritage Resources • An AOA is required as part of the Project planning process to demonstrate that the Project Footprint has been previously considered as part of the planning for the TMEP. • There is archaeological assessment remaining on pieces of the construction footprint between TMEP KP 1029.84 to KP 1040.39. This work occurs under BC Heritage Conservation Act Heritage Inspection Permit 2015-0258. • The Project will include a Stó:lō Nation Heritage Investigation Permit to conduct work within the territory beginning in early January 2020. • The existing TMEP AOA will be updated to include the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 footprint and will be submitted to the BC Archaeology Branch. Rights of Indigenous • All of the potentially affected Indigenous groups identified have asserted or determined Indigenous rights, including title Peoples and, in some cases, treaty rights. Indigenous groups exercise rights throughout their traditional territories, including at locations potentially affected by Project activities. • The Project may affect the right to fish for Indigenous groups. Indigenous groups have reported that they place a high value on water in their traditional territories as watercourses are used for exercising their right to fish (Cheam and Chawathil First Nations, Coldwater Indian Band, Lower Nicola Band, Matsqui, Peters Band, Shackan Indian Band, Shxw’ōwhámel First Nation, Ts’elxwéyeqw Tribe). Of particular importance to Indigenous groups is their right to fish for salmon and steelhead in watercourses within their traditional territory, including the Coquihalla River. • Existing development, including forestry, roads, pipelines and other industrial activities within the traditional territories has led to declining fish populations. However, Indigenous groups maintain access to fishing sites and exercise their right to fish in watercourses throughout their traditional territories. The Reports on Engagement with Indigenous Groups, prepared to satisfy CER Condition 96 (Filing ID A7C2J4) for the TMEP provides detailed information on each Indigenous group and data regarding how Indigenous groups exercise their rights and title throughout their traditional territories. • Although the Project has the potential to affect the right to fish of Indigenous groups, with the implementation of standard mitigation measures and techniques, the potential effects on Indigenous interests and the exercise of Indigenous rights is expected to be reduced.

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

TABLE 4-1 Cont'd

Environmental and Socio-Economic Elements Summary of Considerations Traditional Land and • Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 encounters young mixedwood forest on both sides of the river. Resource Use • The following IRs are located within the vicinity of the footprint associated with Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15: Kawkawa IR No. 16 (approximately 6 km), Aywawwis No. 15 (approximately 7 km) and Trafalgar Flat No. 13 (approximately 7.1 km). • Trans Mountain has initiated engagement with Indigenous groups listed in Section 3.0 of this ESA that may have an interest based on the Project location relative to reserve location, asserted traditional territory, settlements and communities, and harvesting and traditional use areas in order to determine which communities may have an interest in the Project area. • Cheam First Nation (Filing ID A3Z4Z2, A4S7I7) and Nicola Tribal Association (Filing ID A4F5D1) have noted general use of the Coquihalla River Valley. Yale First Nation use the reaches of the Coquihalla River upstream of TMEP KP 1030 (TMPL KP 1000.2) (Filing ID A4F5D1), approximately 2 km north of the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 footprint. • Specific known traditional use sites in the vicinity of Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 includes: − a resource harvesting area (hunting) identified by Ts'elxwéyeqw Tribe1, crossed by TMEP from KP 1032.51 to KP 1033.74 (TMPL KP 1002.7 to KP 1004.4) (Filing ID A3S3H1); and, − a plant harvesting area (tea, berries, medicines) identified by Shxw’ōwhámel First Nation approximately 167 m east of TMEP KP 1030.30 (TMPL KP 1000.3) (Filing ID A3S3H1). Social and Cultural • In 2016, the Electoral Area B of the Fraser Valley Regional District had a population of 915 individuals (Statistics Well-Being Canada 2017a). Approximately 61.2% of the population was between 15 and 64 years old in 2016 and the median age of the population was 56 years old (Statistics Canada 2017a). • In 2016, approximately 13% of the population of the District of Hope identified as Indigenous (Statistics Canada 2017a). • There were 335 residents of Fraser Valley Regional District Electoral Area B active in the labour force in 2016. Sales and service; trades, transports, and equipment operation; and management occupations represent over two-thirds (70%) of the occupational categories in the labour force (Statistics Canada 2017a). • Project activities will require a workforce of approximately 30 people using the services of the surrounding community (e.g., the District of Hope) for approximately 3 months during replacement pipeline construction and approximately 2 weeks for decommissioning activities. Considering the location of the replacement pipeline segments in proximity to the TMEP right-of- way and the potential synergies in timing of construction, it is anticipated that construction of the replacement pipeline will be carried out simultaneously with TMEP-specific construction activities to minimize potential socio-economic effects. • The ongoing operations and maintenance of the replacement pipeline segment will be sporadic and limited in scope. Human Health and • During replacement pipeline construction, a temporary increase in airborne emissions and noise levels is anticipated; Aesthetics however, the Project will not result in an increase in airborne emissions or noise levels during normal operations. Considering the scope of the Project (i.e., pipeline construction and decommissioning), nuisance-level effects to human health effects resulting from vehicle exhaust and construction noise are anticipated. These elements have been discussed in this table under the Air Emissions and GHG Emissions, and Acoustic Environment elements of this table, respectively. • The Project involves the replacement of the existing pipeline segment to ensure ongoing safe and reliable operations. Therefore, a high or substantial risk to human health during pipeline operations is not anticipated, as risks to human health and aesthetics are considered to be the same, or less, once the pipeline is constructed. The pipeline segment to be replaced will be hydrostatically tested prior to the product flow, and the existing pipeline will be cleaned and decommissioned. • The Project is not anticipated to reduce local or regional water quality, or to change the existing environmental setting related to odour, visual aesthetics or other sensory conditions. Infrastructure and • Access to the Project Footprint is via Highway 5 (Coquihalla Highway). No new permanent access roads are required. Services • The District of Hope acts as a major transportation hub for four major highways and two railways (District of Hope 2019a). • The nearest community airport is the Fraser Valley Regional District Regional Airpark which is located approximately 13.5 km from Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15. The Fraser Valley Regional District Regional Airpark has a turf runway, a flight centre and observation deck, waiting area and washrooms and aviation fuel available (FVRD 2019a). • The District of Hope is the nearest community to the Project providing all major services. The Project workforce will use local accommodation. • Fraser Valley Regional District Electoral Area B provides three transfer stations for hazardous material collection and recycling (FVRD 2019b). • Fraser Valley Regional District Electoral Area B is located within the jurisdiction of the Fraser Health Authority and the medical services in nearest proximity are located within the District of Hope. Hope has three medical clinics, one drop-in clinic, the ten bed Fraser Canyon Hospital and Fraser Canyon Hospice Society. Fraser Canyon Hospital has an active emergency centre providing urgent medical care 24 hours per day. The hospital is also an effective emergency transport centre to Chilliwack, Abbotsford and Royal Columbian Hospital (Hope BC 2019a). Navigation and Navigation • The replacement pipeline component of the Project will be installed through the Coquihalla River from D-86-F/92-H-6 to Safety A-96-F/92-H-6. The Coquihalla River is not listed as a scheduled waterway under the Navigation Protection Act; however, it is considered navigable as the Coquihalla River is capable, in its natural state, of being navigated by floating vessels for the purpose(s) of recreation or transportation. Activities on the Coquihalla River may include commercial and non- commercial rafting, kayaking, fishing, boating, tubing, as well as traditional cultural activities. • It is anticipated that instream work will be required for 1 month during replacement pipeline construction. There is no instream work required for decommissioning activities associated with the existing pipeline. • Navigability and navigation safety are not anticipated to be affected during ongoing operations unless site-specific maintenance is required in open-water conditions.

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

TABLE 4-1 Cont'd

Environmental and Socio-Economic Elements Summary of Considerations Employment and • The Project will entail a temporary TMEP workforce of up to 30 people over approximately 3 months for replacement Economy pipeline activities. No permanent jobs will be created as a result of the Project. Construction crews used for the replacement pipeline are anticipated to overlap with TMEP construction. • Decommissioning activities will require approximately 20 people over 2 weeks. Trans Mountain will conduct decommissioning after replacement pipeline activities are completed. • Given the scope of the Project, limited workforce, short duration of activities and the limited capital costs, a detailed economic analysis was not deemed warranted. • TMEP employment and training policies and requirements will be applied for the pipeline replacement work Notes 1 The Stó:lō Collective, Sol’h Temexw Stewardship Alliance and Ts'elxwéyeqw Tribe Management Limited (TTML) provided information related to a common Integrated Cultural Assessment (ICA) and Cultural Heritage Overview Assessment (CHOA), through Phase III Consultations, Ts'elxwéyeqw Tribe Management Limited provided TMC with an updated dataset that refined and supplemented earlier ICA and CHOA outcomes. AOA = Archaeological Overview Assessment BC CDC = British Columbia Conservation Data Centre BC EAO = British Columbia Environmental Assessment Office BC ENV = British Columbia Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy BGC = biogeoclimatic CAC = criteria air contaminant COSEWIC = Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada ECCC = Environment and Climate Change Canada FVISS = Fraser Valley Invasive Species Society IAPP = Invasive Alien Plant Program IR = Indian Reserve TEM = Terrestrial Ecosystem Mapping

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

TABLE 4-2

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC SETTING FOR COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO. 16

Environmental and Socio-Economic Elements Summary of Considerations Physical and • The Project lies within the Cascade Mountains Physiographic Region and Cascade Mountains Subregion which is Meteorological characterized by gentle rugged mountain ranges, steeply incised tributary valleys, wide U-shaped main valleys, relict Environment glacial landforms, terraces, fans, cones, steep slopes, fluvial plains and small basins (Demarchi 2011; Holland 1976). • Elevation at the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 ranges from approximately 80 m on the approach bank to the Coquihalla River to approximately 60 masl at the Coquihalla River bed (GeoBC 2019). • The Project is underlain by folded and metamorphosed Palaeozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks intruded by granitic batholiths (Journeay et al. 2000; Monger 1989). Bedrock within the Cascade Mountain Physiographic Subregion is comprised of a variety of rock types including: coarse clastics; felsic, ultramafic and mafic volcanics; mudstones, siltstones and shales; cherts; and diorite near the Coquihalla Summit and Hope (BGC 2013a). • Dominant surficial deposits within valleys of the Cascade Mountains Physiographic Region are colluvium, till, active and inactive fluvial, glaciofluvial, lacustrine, organic, anthropogenic and bedrock outcrops. Overburden thickness is variable; however, is generally thickest along valley floors and thinnest along steep valley walls. Fluvial and glaciofluvial deposits generally overlie eroded till and glaciolacustrine sediments along valley floors (BGC 2013a). • There are no areas of permafrost, documented major earthquakes, or landslides in the vicinity of Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 (NRCan 2009a,b; NRCan 2019). • There is evidence of post-glacial rock avalanche deposits associated with Hope Mountain located south of the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 footprint (BGC 2017). • Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 encounters strong slopes at the Coquihalla River (15-30% slopes). Terrain instability mapping conducted for the TMEP indicates there is a very low to medium (<30%) likelihood of slope instability or erosion initiating following cut and fill construction. Minor slumping is expected along soil cuts for approximately 1 to 2 years following construction. • The potential for acid rock drainage and metal leaching along the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 footprint is moderate (BGC 2013b). • Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is located within Pacific Maritime Ecozone (Canadian Council on Ecological Areas 2014). • The mean annual daily temperature is 10°C while the mean annual precipitation is 2187 mm, as measured at the ECCC weather station at Laidlaw, BC at 37 masl, approximately 16 km from Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16. Temperature at the Laidlaw weather station ranges from 38.0°C to -20.5°C (ECCC 2019a). Soil and Soil Productivity • Soils are composed of Orthic Dystric Brunisols and the soil type includes Harrison soils. The parent materials for soil types here are developed on recent fluvial fan-colluvium materials. These soils are well to rapidly-drained. • Topsoil depth for these soils range between 0-7 cm, with gravelly sandy loam to gravelly loamy sand textured subsoil (Mentiga 2013). The Mentiga Pedology Consultants Ltd. soil investigation report (Mentiga 2013) noted that soils in the Project area had little to no topsoil in treed areas and were usually exceedingly stony. • Present land use on either side of Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is a mix of treed and disturbed land uses. • A search of Provincial and Federal databases (CER 2019b; Government of BC 2019a; Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat 2019) did not return any results for historical spills or contaminated sites within the vicinity of the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 footprint. • Potential contaminants of concern associated with the Project, which may affect soil productivity if accidentally spilled, include hydrocarbons, crude oil, lubricants, fuel, anti-freeze and hydraulic fluids, as well as coating residues from the decommissioned pipeline. Vegetatation • Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is located within the Southern Dry Submaritime variant of the Coastal Western Hemlock BGC Zone and the Chilliwack Forest District). • The Coastal Western Hemlock is, on average, the wettest BGC Zone in BC. Western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) is the most common tree species in forested areas. Western red cedar (Thuja plicata) occurs throughout the zone and Douglas- fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) is abundant in drier areas of the zone. The Dry Southern Submaritime Coastal Western Hemlock variant has a canopy dominated by Douglas-fir, western hemlock and western red cedar. The herbaceous layer is dominated by prince’s pine (Chimaphila menziesii), dull Oregon-grape (Berberis nervosa) and queen’s cup (Clintonia uniflora). The bryophyte layer is dominated by the mosses Hylocomium splendens, Rhytidiopsis robusta, Pleurozium schreberi and lesser amounts of Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus and Rhytidiadelphus loreus (Meidinger and Pojar 1991). • The Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 footprint encounters a cleared residential area and young forest. Remnant vegetation not authorized through CPCN OC-65 will be removed on both sides of the river crossings to allow for Project- specific open trench construction. Replacement pipeline construction activities will require incremental vegetation clearing since construction activities will be conducted sequentially with the TMEP. Approximately 0.28 ha of Project-specific TWS will be required at Coquihalla River Crossing No 16 during replacement pipeline construction. Occasional, site-specific maintenance activities (i.e., integrity digs) will be conducted throughout the life of the replacement pipeline segment. Decommissioning activities will occur on the existing, previously cleared TMPL right-of-way with approximately 0.49 ha of TWS required for physical decommissioning activities.

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

TABLE 4-2 Cont'd

Environmental and Socio-Economic Elements Summary of Considerations Vegetation (cont’d) • TEM for the Project area was completed as part of TMEP. One TEM plot, surveyed April 15, 2013, is located approximately 30 m west-southwest of Project area. • The 2013 TEM for the TMEP indicates that there are two site series present in the forested areas within the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 footprint: 01 (western hemlock/Douglas fir – Cat’s tail moss) and 05 (Western cedar – Solomon’s-seal, now called western redcedar – Douglas-fir / vine maple [BC CDC 2019a]). Mature forests of these site series are considered rare ecological communities (BC CDC 2019a); however, based on the TEM, these forests are not old enough to be considered rare. • Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is located within the area assessed by the FVISS. • Within 1 km of Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16, the Alien Invasive Plant Population (IAPP) database indicates the presence of number of weed species including species categorized as “Contain” and “Control” by the FVISS. • Contain species have established infestations found in portions of the region, where existing infestations should be contained, and new infestations should be prevented. Contain species known from within 1 km of Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 include Bohemian knotweed (Fallopia x bohemica), Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica), Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparium), spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa), and yellow flag iris (Iris pseudacorus). • Control species are common and widespread throughout the Fraser Valley. Control should be focused in high value areas and biological control should be used if available. Control species known from within 1 km of Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 include Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera), Himalayan blackberry (Rubus discolor), and tansy ragwort (Senecio jacobaea). Additional species tracked by IAPP known from within 1 km of Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 include: common periwinkle (Vinca minor), common tansy (Tanacetum vulgare), English ivy (Hedera helix), orange-red hawkweed (Hieracium aurantiacum), oxeye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare), St. John’s wort (Hypericium perforatum). • The northeast side of the crossing was surveyed for weeds on July 27, 2015 and common tansy was observed. The southwest side of the crossing was surveyed for weeds on August 5, 2015 and St. John’s wort was observed. • There are no Old Growth Management Areas at the replacement pipeline footprint (BC MFLNRO 2011a,b). Water Quality and Quantity • The Project is located within the Lower-Fraser River Watershed. • Instream work required for the Project will include the installation of the replacement pipeline using an open-cut without isolation method. There is no instream work required for decommissioning activities. • The Project will involve the construction of a replacement pipeline watercourse crossing of the Coquihalla River, a class S1B watercourse, from C-44-E/92-H-6 to A-54-E/92-H-6. The Coquihalla River originates near the Coquihalla Lakes on Highway 5, winding through a steep valley of the Cascade Mountains following Highway 5 and the Old Coquihalla Road for approximately 56 km before discharging into the Fraser River near the District of Hope. • A single trench will be excavated from one side of the river to the other. The trench will be sized to accommodate the concurrent installation of the new replacement 609.60 mm O.D. pipeline segment as well as the 914.4 mm O.D. TMEP pipeline. • Instream work required for the Project will include the installation of the replacement pipeline segment using an open-cut without isolation method. There is no instream work required for decommissioning activities. • An open cut crossing of the Coquihalla River will be required for installation of the pipeline during the low flow period. This will include installation of two pipeline sections concurrently, a TMPL replacement section (NPS 24), and a new TMEP section (NPS 36), all within a single trench. The instream construction footprint for the proposed works is approximately 2,904 m2. • Approximately 28 water wells are located within 1 km of the replacement pipeline segment, classified as domestic or other (Government of BC 2019b); however, none are located on the Coquihalla River Crossing 16 footprint. Project activities are not expected to affect well water quality. • Approximately one known spring is located within 1 km of the replacement pipeline segment (BC MFLNRO 2010); however, none are located on the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 footprint. Project activities are not expected to affect spring water quality. • Contaminants of concern associated with Project activities that may affect water quality, if spilled or leaked, include crude oil, lubricants, fuel, anti-freeze, hydraulic fluids, as well as coating residues from the decommissioned pipeline. • The potential impacts from downstream sediment transportation from an open crossing method (no flow isolation) are expected to be fairly low, as instream construction will be of relatively short duration (several days) and sediment concentration is not expected to be extremely high, or beyond those generally recorded in rivers during high rainfall events or freshet.

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TABLE 4-2 Cont'd

Environmental and Socio-Economic Elements Summary of Considerations Fish and Fish Habitat • The Coquihalla River originates near the Coquihalla Lakes on Highway 5, winding through a steep valley of the Cascade Mountains and following Highway 5 and Old Coquihalla Road for approximately 56 km before discharging into the Fraser River near the District of Hope. • The Coquihalla River is a major tributary to the lower Fraser River and is known to provide fish habitat. Fish species previously documented (BC MFLNRORD 2019; BC ENV 2019; BC MOE 2011) in the Coquihalla River include: − bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus); − Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha); − chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta); − coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki); − coastrange sculpin (Cottus aleuticus); − coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch); − cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii); − Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma); − large scale sucker (Catostomus macrocheilus); − leopard dace (Rhinichthys falcatus); − longnose dace (Rhinichthys cataractae); − longnose sucker (Catostomus catostomus); − mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni); − northern pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus oregonensis); − pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha); − rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss); − sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka); and − steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss). • The Coquihalla River serves as a migratory corridor for summer and winter steelhead and five species of Pacific salmon (listed above). Both replacement pipeline segments are located in areas with limited salmon spawning potential within the instream construction footprint due to high percentages of large cobble/boulder and/or high-water velocities. Discharge in the spring/winter is typically high. • Fish habitat surveys were conducted for the TMEP Project in October 2012 and April 2013 at TMEP KP 1040.39 (watercourse crossing BC-654). The crossing is located approximately 3 km upstream from the confluence with the Fraser River. Rainbow trout/steelhead and coastrange sculpin were captured during both assessments. Juvenile rainbow trout/steelhead were captured along channel edges in areas of reduced velocity. Fish habitat potential was rated as moderate to high potential for salmonids, with moderate cover for rearing (boulders and overhanging vegetation). Riparian habitat function was rated as moderate [Filing ID A82366-4]. • During the field surveys, channel morphology was assessed as irregular and frequently confined, with vertical left bank and sloping right bank. Mean channel width was 63.6 m, mean wetted width was 54.40 m. Habitat within the ZOI consists of predominately fast riffles with large boulders at 2% gradient. • The recommended Provincial (BC ENV) and Federal (DFO) Least Risk Window for the Coquihalla River is August 1 to August 31. The planned pipeline crossing method is open-wet cut, with all instream work scheduled to occur in August 2020. The timing aligns with the low flow, least risk biological window for juvenile or adult salmonids as identified by DFO. • No isolation or fish salvage is required for the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16. • DFO has completed its review of the proposed works, undertakings or activities, referred by the NEB, and has determined that serious harm to fish as defined in the Fisheries Act is likely to result from the following works, undertakings or activities at Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16. Trans Mountain is seeking Fisheries Act Authorization under paragraph 35(2)(b) (Normal Circumstances) for an Open-wet cut (without flow isolation) primary and contingency watercourse crossing method at the Coquihalla River (Crossing 16). • See the Species at Risk element of this table for information regarding fish species at risk. Wetlands • The Project is located within the Pacific Temperate Wetland Region. Characteristic wetlands within the region include fens, swamps and bogs. Floodplains and deltas can contain extensive marshes. Peat accumulation ranges from approximately 4 to 5 m in swamps to minimal or no peat accumulation in marshes (Energy, Mines and Resources Canada 1986). • A desktop review did not identify any wetlands within 30 m of Project activities. Wildlife and Wildlife • The Project is not located within any Wildlife Habitat Areas, Ungulate Winter Ranges, or any other Provincially- or Habitat Federally-identified wildlife areas or other designated wildlife areas including Important Bird Areas (Bird Studies Canada 2019), Migratory Bird Sanctuaries (ECCC 2019b), National Wildlife Areas (ECCC 2019c), Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserves (WHSRN 2019), Ramsar wetlands (The Ramsar Convention Secretariat 2014) or World Biosphere Reserves (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 2018). • The Project is located within migratory bird nesting zone A1 (ECCC 2018a). The primary nesting window is March 26 to August 16, which may overlap with Project construction. • See the Species at Risk element of this table for information regarding wildlife species at risk.

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TABLE 4-2 Cont'd

Environmental and Socio-Economic Elements Summary of Considerations Species at Risk or Species Vegetation of Special Status and • A search of the BC CDC database of known rare plant, lichen and ecological community occurrences identified a number Related Habitat of rare element occurrences in vicinity of the Project (BC MFLNRORD 2019). An historical occurrence of peacock vinyl lichen is located 190 m from the Project area. The record from the BC CDC indicates that the site was visited most recently in 2009 and it was determined that the habitat has probably destroyed by housing development and that the population is likely extirpated. An occurrence of Roell’s brotherella moss is located 235 m from the Project area. An occurrence of heterocodon (Heterocodon rariflorus, S3, Blue-list) is located 1.5 km from the Project area. The Project area overlaps with an occurrence polygon of bearded sedge (Carex comosa, S3, Blue-list). This population was last observed in 1980 and was found in a beaver damned marsh margin. No marshes are present at the Project Footprint. • The BC CDC rare plant species data are provided by BGC subzone and Forest District (BC CDC 2019a). All Red and Blue-listed vascular plants and bryophytes, and lichen species listed on SARA or by COSEWIC in the BGC Zone and Forest District of the Project are included in Appendix B. There are nine plant and lichen species with federal designations under the COSEWIC and the SARA Provincial and Federal designations definitions are provided in Appendix B) known to occur in the BGC Zone and Forest District of the Project. These include: − tall bugbane (Actaea elata var elata, S1, Red-list, Endangered on SARA and by COSEWIC); − Vancouver Island beggarticks (Bidens amplissima, S3, Blue-list, Special Concern on SARA and by COSEWIC); − phantom orchid (Cephalanthera austiniae, S2, Red-list, designated as Threatened on SARA and Endangered by COSEWIC); − banded cord-moss (Entosthodon fasicularis, S2S3, Blue-list, Special Concern on SARA and by COSEWIC); − silver hair moss (Fabronia pusilla, SH, Red-list, Endangered on SARA and on COSEWIC); − poor pocket moss (Fissidens pauperculus, S1, Red-list, Special Concern on SARA and on COSEWIC); − streambank lupine (Lupinus rivularis, S1, Red-list, Endangered on SARA and by COSEWIC); − cryptic paw (Nephroma occultum, S2S3, Blue-list, Special Concern on SARA and by COSEWIC); and − whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis, S2S3, Blue-list, Endangered on SARA and by COSEWIC). • Three additional species (listed by COSEWIC and not on SARA) are also known to occur in the BGC Zone and Forest District of the Project. These include: − Mountain crab eye (Acroscyphus sphaerophoroides, S1, Red-list, Special Concern by COSEWIC); − Roell’s brotherella moss (Brotherella roellii, S1S2, Red-list, listed as Endangered by COSEWIC); and − peacock vinyl lichen (Leptogium polycarpum, S1S2, Red-list, listed as Special Concern by COSEWIC). Aquatics • There are eight species, based on known ranges, species biology and habitat availability, occurrence records and critical habitat information, that are listed on Schedule 1 of SARA (Government of Canada 2019b) and/or by COSEWIC (Government of Canada 2019a), and the BC CDC (2019a) are known to occur in the Coquihalla River: − coho Salmon (designated Threatened by COSEWIC); − coastal cutthroat trout (S3S4, Blue-listed by BC CDC); − leopard dace (S5, Yellow-listed by BC CDC); − longnose dace (S5, Yellow-listed by BC CDC); − Lower Fraser River Populations of white sturgeon are listed as Threatened by COSEWIC and S1S2 Red-listed by BC CDC and have a potential to occur in the Coquihalla River; − northern pikeminnow (S5, Yellow-listed by BC CDC); − rainbow trout (S5, Yellow-listed by BC CDC); and − south coast population of bull trout (S2S3, Blue-listed by BC CDC, designated as Special Concern by COSEWIC and SARA).

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TABLE 4-2 Cont'd

Environmental and Socio-Economic Elements Summary of Considerations Species at Risk or Species Wildlife of Special Status and • The Project is not located within proposed or final critical habitat for wildlife species at risk (Environment Canada 2015; Related Habitat (cont’d) ECCC 2018b; ECCC 2019d). • There are 15 wildlife species at risk (listed on Schedule 1 of SARA or by COSEWIC [Government of Canada 2019a,b]) or species of special status (Red- or Blue-listed in BC [BC CDC 2019b]) that have potential to occur in the Project area, based on known ranges, species biology, habitat availability and occurrence records. These include: − band-tailed pigeon (Patagioenas fasciata, Blue-list, Special Concern on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − bank swallow (Riparia riparia, Yellow-list, Threatened on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − barn swallow (Hirundo rustica, Blue-list, Threatened on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − common nighthawk (Chordeiles minor, Yellow-list, Threatened on Schedule 1 of SARA and recently downlisted to Special Concern by COSEWIC); − dun skipper (Euphyes vestris, Red-list, Threatened on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus, Yellow-list, Endangered on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa), Yellow-list, Special Concern on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − northern red-legged frog (Rana aurora, Blue-list, Special Concern on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − northern rubber boa (Charina bottae, Yellow-list, Special Concern on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − olive-sided flycatcher (Contopus cooperi, Blue-list, Threatened on Schedule 1 of SARA and recently downlisted to Special Concern by COSEWIC); − peregrine falcon, anatum subspecies (Falco peregrinus anatum, Red-list, Special Concern on Schedule 1 of SARA and designated Not at Risk by COSEWIC); − short-eared owl (Asio flammeus, Blue-list, Special Concern on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − western toad (Anaxyrus boreas, Yellow-list, Special Concern on Schedule 1 of SARA and by COSEWIC); − Townsend’s big eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii, Blue-list); and − Trowbridge’s shrew (Sorex trowbridgii, Blue-list). Air Emissions and GHG • The primary sources of air emissions (CACs) during replacement pipeline construction and decommissioning activities will Emissions be from fuel combustion and dust related to the use of transportation vehicles and heavy-duty equipment (e.g., excavators, winching equipment and stationary side booms). During operations, emissions will be limited to transportation and equipment use during maintenance activities. • CACs expected to be emitted from Project-related activities include sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide and particulate matter. CAC emissions from transportation activities during pipeline replacement, decommissioning and operations activities are expected to be minor given the scope of the Project. • Vegetation removal associated with the Project (i.e., incremental area during replacement pipeline construction and TWS during decommissioning) may adversely affect the sequestration of carbon dioxide on previously treed lands. There is no burning required to support construction or decommissioning activities. • The replacement pipeline route is located in highway commercial, parks, recreation and open space, and urban/suburban residential land use zones (District of Hope 2016) with closest residences located approximately 19 m south, 25 m southwest and northwest of the Project Footprint at Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16. • Sources of GHG emissions from Project activities are predominantly from land clearing, stationary and mobile combustion and emissions from purging and venting during physical decommissioning activities. Total GHG emissions from these activities associated with Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 are conservatively estimated to be 195.3 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents. • Participation in provincial or federal reporting programs is not considered necessary as the Project is expected to produce minor amounts of GHGs during the pipeline replacement, decommissioning or operations. • Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is located in highway commercial, parks, recreation and open space, and urban/suburban residential land use zones (District of Hope 2016) with the closest residences located approximately 19 m south, 25 m southwest and northwest. • The Project does not include the installation or operation of a gas plant, pump or compressor station. • Operations and maintenance activities for the Project will not contribute a measurable amount of airborne emissions to the atmosphere; therefore, detailed air quality information is not warranted as per Table A-1 of the Filing Manual. • The Project is not anticipated to generate high or medium volumes of GHG emissions during replacement pipeline, decommissioning or operations, and no public concerns associated with an increase in GHG emissions have been raised to date; therefore, detailed information on the effects of GHG emissions resulting from the Project is not warranted as per Table A-2 of the Filing Manual and Interim Guidance. • Participation in Provincial or Federal reporting programs is not considered necessary as the Project is expected to produce minor amounts of GHGs during the pipeline replacement, decommissioning or operations.

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TABLE 4-2 Cont'd

Environmental and Socio-Economic Elements Summary of Considerations Acoustic Environment • A temporary increase in noise levels is anticipated during replacement pipeline construction and decommissioning activities. The Project does not include any facilities that will continuously generate noise throughout the operations phase. • The primary sources of Project-related noise will be vehicles and equipment used during construction and physical decommissioning activities. • The Project is not anticipated to result in an increase in noise emissions during operations aside from occasional site- specific maintenance. • The District of Hope Good Neighbour Bylaw No. 1240 (District of Hope 2008) notes that sound or noise associated with industry, including motor vehicles, will be carried out in accordance with generally accepted industry standards using equipment and facilities in good operational condition. • The BC OGC Noise Control Best Practices Guideline (BC OGC 2018) does not include guidance regarding pipeline construction or operation. Although the guideline was established for noise control associated with operations of oil and gas wells/facilities, its recommended best practices are commonly adopted for management of noise for construction and operations of various project types in BC. BC noise guidelines for temporary activities (i.e., activities lasting less than 60 days) state that noise impacts should be less than 55 dBA. • Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is located in an area zoned as Highway Commercial and Parks, Recreation and Open Space south of the Coquihalla River and Urban/Suburban Residential north of the river (District of Hope 2016). • The major source of noise contributing to existing sound levels in the Acoustic Environment RSA is road traffic. Potential receptors to nuisance noise emissions include local residents in the District of Hope. The nearest residences are located approximately 19 m south, 25 m southwest and northwest of the Project Footprint at Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16. • Further detailed information is not warranted as per Table A-1 and A-2 of the Filing Manual. Human Occupancy and • Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is located in an urban land use area located in the District of Hope within the Fraser Resource Use Valley Regional District. Construction of the replacement pipeline will be carried out simultaneously with TMEP-specific construction activities to minimize potential environmental and socio-economic effects. • The Coquihalla Canyon Provincial Park is located approximately 3.0 km east of Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16. • Outdoor recreational use near Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 includes skiing and snowshoeing, water recreation, mountain biking, climbing and fishing (Hope BC 2019b). • The following IRs are located within the vicinity of the footprint associated with Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16: Aywawwis No. 15 (approximately 1.6 km), Kawkawa IR No. 16 (approximately 1.7 km) and Greenwood Island No. 3 (approximately 1.8 km). • Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is not within a Reserve and Notation tenure. Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is located in Trapline Tenure TR0202T007 within the Lower Mainland Wildlife Management Unit (Government of BC 2019a). • Access to Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is via Old Hope-Princeton Way. No new permanent access roads are required. • There are no above ground facilities required to support the Project. Upon completion of construction and decommissioning activities, the Project will not result in any predicted visual or other aesthetic effects. • Approximately 28 water wells are located within 1 km of the replacement pipeline segment, classified as domestic or other (Government of BC 2019b). Project activities are not expected to affect water quality, land and water-based infrastructure, water reserves or licences. • The nearest residences are located approximately 19 m south, 25 m southwest and 25 m northwest. Heritage Resources • An AOA is required as part of the Project planning process to demonstrate that the footprint has been previously considered as part of the planning for the TMEP. • There is archaeological assessment remaining on pieces of the construction footprint between TMEP KP 1029.84 to KP 1040.39. This work occurs under BC Heritage Conservation Act Heritage Inspection Permit 2015-0258. • The Project will include a Stó:lō Nation Heritage Investigation Permit to conduct work within the territory beginning in early January 2020. • The existing TMEP AOA will be updated to include this Project Footprint and will be submitted to the BC Archaeology Branch. Rights of Indigenous • All of the potentially affected Indigenous groups identified have asserted or determined Indigenous rights, including title Peoples and, in some cases, treaty rights. Indigenous groups exercise rights throughout their traditional territories, including at locations potentially affected by Project activities. • The Project may affect the right to fish for Indigenous groups. Indigenous groups have reported that they place a high value on water in their traditional territories since watercourses are used for exercising their right to fish (Cheam and Chawathil First Nations, Coldwater Indian Band, Lower Nicola Band, Matsqui, Peters Band, Shackan Indian Band, Shxw’ōwhámel First Nation, Ts’elxwéyeqw Tribe). Of particular importance to Indigenous groups is their right to fish for salmon and steelhead in watercourses within their traditional territory, including the Coquihalla River. • Existing development, including forestry, roads, pipelines and other industrial activities within the traditional territories has led to declining fish populations. However, Indigenous groups maintain access to fishing sites and exercise their right to fish in watercourses throughout their traditional territories. The Reports on Engagement with Indigenous Groups, prepared to satisfy CER Condition 96 (Filing ID A7C2J4) for the TMEP provides detailed information on each Indigenous group and data regarding how Indigenous groups exercise their rights and title throughout their traditional territories. • Although the Project has the potential to affect the right to fish of Indigenous groups, with the implementation of standard mitigation measures and techniques, the potential effects on Indigenous interests and the exercise of Indigenous rights is expected to be reduced.

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TABLE 4-2 Cont'd

Environmental and Socio-Economic Elements Summary of Considerations Traditional Land and • Coquihalla Crossing No. 16 encounters previously disturbed, privately-owned land on both sides of the river. Resource Use • The following IRs are located within the vicinity of the footprint associated with Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16: Aywawwis No. 15 (approximately 1.6 km), Kawkawa IR No. 16 (approximately 1.7 km) and Greenwood Island No. 3 (approximately 1.8 km). • Trans Mountain has initiated engagement with Indigenous groups that may have an interest based on the Project location relative to reserve location, asserted traditional territory, settlements and communities, and harvesting and traditional use areas in order to determine which communities may have an interest in the Project area, including the communities listed in Section 3.0 of this ESA. • Cheam First Nation (Filing ID A3Z4Z2, A4S7I7) have noted habitation sites near the mouth of the Coquihalla River Valley. Specific known traditional use sites in the vicinity of Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 includes: − Stó:lō-1614, a GIS-modelled travel corridor identified by Ts'elxwéyeqw Tribe1 that is crossed by TMEP from KP 1040.67 to KP 1040.73 (TMPL KP 1011.29 to KP 1011.91); − a blueberry harvesting area; − a bear hunting area, crossed from TMEP KP 1034.66 to 1045.13 (TMPL KP 1005.27 to KP 1015.61) identified by Shxw’ōwhámel First Nation (CER Filing ID A3S3H1); and − a sacred Xá:Xa site, identified by Ts'elxwéyeqw Tribe1 as a Stl’áleqem Place in Kawkawa Lake, identified as Sto:lo-X1 in TMEP Condition 100, is 1.6 km northeast of TMEP KP 1040.75. Social and Cultural • In 2016, the District of Hope had a population of 6,181 individuals within a land area of 40.95 km2 (Statistics Well-Being Canada 2017b). Approximately 59.3% of the population was between 15 and 64 years old in 2016 and the median age of the population was 54.5 years old (Statistics Canada 2017b). • In 2016, 11% of the population of the District of Hope identified as Indigenous (Statistics Canada 2017b). • There were 2,760 residents of District of Hope active in the labour force in 2016. Sales and service; trades, transports, and equipment operation; and business, finance, and administration represent over half (62%) of the occupational categories in the labour force (Statistics Canada 2017b). • Project activities will require a workforce of approximately 30 people using the services of the surrounding community (e.g., the District of Hope) for approximately 3 months during replacement pipeline construction and approximately 2 weeks for decommissioning activities. Considering the location of the replacement pipeline segments in proximity to the TMEP right-of- way and the potential synergies in timing of construction, it is anticipated that construction of the replacement pipeline will be carried out simultaneously with TMEP-specific construction activities to minimize potential socio-economic effects. • The ongoing operations and maintenance of the replacement pipeline will be sporadic and limited in scope. Human Health and • During replacement pipeline construction, a temporary increase in airborne emissions and noise levels is anticipated; however, Aesthetics the Project will not result in an increase in airborne emissions or noise levels during normal operations. Considering the scope of the Project (i.e., pipeline construction and decommissioning), nuisance-level effects to human health effects resulting from vehicle exhaust and construction noise are anticipated. These elements have been discussed in this table under the Air Emissions and GHG Emissions, and Acoustic Environment elements of this table, respectively. • The Project involves the replacement of the existing pipeline segment to ensure ongoing safe and reliable operations. Therefore, a high or substantial risk to human health during pipeline operations is not anticipated, as risks to human health and aesthetics are considered to be the same, or less, once the pipeline is constructed. The pipeline segment to be replaced will be hydrostatically tested prior to the product flow, and the existing pipeline will be cleaned and decommissioned. • The Project is not anticipated to reduce local or regional water quality, or to change the existing environmental setting related to odour, visual aesthetics or other sensory conditions. Infrastructure and Services • Access to the Project footprint is via Old Hope-Princeton Way and existing access roads on the north side of the bank. A portion of the highway at the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 will be temporarily rerouted south of the current location to maintain bank stability during excavation. A Traffic Control Plan will be developed for this location, and single lane, alternating traffic will be maintained. No new permanent access roads are required for the Project. • The District of Hope acts as a major transportation hub for four major highways and two railways (District of Hope 2019a). • The nearest community airport is the Fraser Valley Regional District Regional Airpark which is located approximately 5.5 km from Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16. The Fraser Valley Regional District Regional Airpark has a turf runway, a flight centre and observation deck, waiting area and washrooms and aviation fuel available (FVRD 2019a). • The District of Hope is the nearest community to the Project providing all major services. The Project workforce will use local accommodation. • Valley Waste and Recycling Inc. operates the District's Transfer Station located at 22970 Trans-Canada Highway (District of Hope 2019b). • The District of Hope is located within the jurisdiction of the Fraser Health Authority. Hope has three medical clinics, one drop-in clinic, the ten bed Fraser Canyon Hospital and Fraser Canyon Hospice Society. Fraser Canyon Hospital has an active emergency centre providing urgent medical care 24 hours per day. The hospital is also an effective emergency transport centre to Chilliwack, Abbotsford and Royal Columbian Hospital (Hope BC 2019a).

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TABLE 4-2 Cont'd

Environmental and Socio-Economic Elements Summary of Considerations Navigation and Navigation • The replacement pipeline component of the Project will be installed through the Coquihalla River from C-44-E/92-H-6 to Safety A-54-E/92-H-6. The Coquihalla River is not listed as a scheduled waterway under the Navigation Protection Act; however, it is considered navigable since it is capable, in its natural state, of being navigated by floating vessels for the purpose(s) of recreation or transportation. Activities on the Coquihalla River may include commercial and non-commercial rafting, kayaking, fishing, boating, tubing, as well as traditional cultural activities. • It is anticipated that instream work will be required for 1 month during replacement pipeline construction. There is no instream work required for decommissioning activities associated with the existing pipeline. • Navigability and navigation safety are not anticipated to be affected during ongoing operations unless site-specific maintenance is required in open-water conditions. Employment and Economy • The Project will entail a temporary TMEP workforce of up to 30 people over approximately 3 months for the replacement pipeline. No permanent jobs will be created as a result of the Project. Construction crews used for the replacement pipeline are anticipated to overlap with TMEP construction. • Decommissioning activities will require approximately 20 people over 2 weeks. Trans Mountain will conduct decommissioning after replacement activities are completed. • Given the scope of the Project, limited workforce, short duration of activities and the limited capital costs, a detailed economic analysis was not deemed warranted. • TMEP employment and training policies and requirements will be applied for the pipeline replacement work. Notes: 1 The Stó:lō Collective, Sol’h Temexw Stewardship Alliance and Ts'elxwéyeqw Tribe Management Limited (TTML) provided information related to a common Integrated Cultural Assessment (ICA) and Cultural Heritage Overview Assessment (CHOA), through Phase III Consultations, Ts'elxwéyeqw Tribe Management Limited provided TMC with an updated dataset that refined and supplemented earlier ICA and CHOA outcomes. AOA = Archaeological Overview Assessment BC CDC = British Columbia Conservation Data Centre BC EAO = British Columbia Environmental Assessment Office BC ENV = British Columbia Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy BGC = biogeoclimatic CAC = criteria air contaminant COSEWIC = Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada ECCC = Environment and Climate Change Canada FVISS = Fraser Valley Invasive Species Society IAPP = Invasive Alien Plant Program IR = Indian Reserve TEM = Terrestrial Ecosystem Mapping

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5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS ASSESSMENT 5.1 Methodology The description of the environmental and socio-economic setting (i.e., current state of the environment) within the Project area (Section 3.0 of this ESA), is used to assess potential environmental and socio- economic effects that might be caused by the Project.

The assessment evaluated the potential environmental and socio-economic effects of Project activities by applying the following process:

1. Identify the environmental and socio-economic elements with a Project interaction (Table 5-1). 2. Determine the spatial and temporal boundaries for the assessment (Table 5-3). 3. Describe the environmental and socio-economic setting (Tables 4-1 and 4-2). 4. Identify the potential environmental and socio-economic effects (Table 5-3). 5. Develop appropriate technically and economically feasible site-specific mitigation (Table 5-3 and Appendix A). 6. Identify anticipated potential residual effects and cumulative effects (Table 5-3). 7. Determine the significance of potential residual effects and cumulative effects (Table 5-3). This environmental and socio-economic effects assessment methodology has been developed to suit the scope of the Project. It considers guidance from a number of available sources including those listed as follows:

• Filing Manual (CER 2020);

• Interim Guidance (CER 2019a);

• Gender-Based Analysis Plus in Impact Assessment (Impact Assessment Agency of Canada 2019)

• Canadian Environmental Assessment (CEA) Agency Operational Policy Statement: Determining Whether a Designated Project is Likely to Cause Significant Adverse Environmental Effects under the CEA Act, 2012 (CEA Agency 2015a).;

• Operational Policy Statement: Assessing Cumulative Environmental Effects under the CEA Act, 2012 (CEA Agency 2015b); and

• CEA Agency Cumulative Effects Assessment Practitioners Guide (Hegmann et al. 1999).

5.1.1 Environmental and Socio-economic Elements The anticipated Project interactions and environmental and socio-economic elements are presented in Table 5-1, including the potential effects arising from accidents and malfunctions and the effects of the environment on the Project.

In accordance with Guide A.2.6 of the Filing Manual (CER 2020), no further analysis is necessary for those elements where interactions between the Project and an environmental or socio-economic element are not predicted. When considering Project interactions, those that are not likely to occur are scoped out with the exception of accidents and malfunctions which are included if they may occur (even if they are unlikely).

5.1.2 Assessment Boundaries The Project’s spatial boundary was considered to be the following: the Project Footprint, which is composed of the land directly disturbed by Project activities at each river crossing; a Local Study Area (LSA), which is a variable zone of influence or area where the element is most likely to be affected by Project activities; and

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a Regional Study Area (RSA), which extends beyond the LSA to include the boundary of the nearest community with services (e.g., Hope, BC).

The temporal boundaries used in the assessment are considered to be the duration of Project activities (approximately 3 months for construction of each replacement pipeline segments and approximately 2 weeks to decommission each existing pipeline segment), as well as the period of time over which the residual effects extend temporal boundaries are noted in Table 5-1.

5.1.3 Identification Potential Effects The potential environmental and socio-economic effects resulting from the Project were identified through the experience gained during previous applications with similar conditions (i.e., replacement pipeline work, watercourse crossing construction), existing literature, and internet searches and the professional judgement of the assessment team. Potential effects that are not considered likely to occur are not considered further in the assessment.

GBA+ is an analytical process used to assess how diverse groups of women, men and non-binary people may experience the potential effects of a project. Applicants are required to apply GBA+ to identify the potential for the project to impact diverse groups of people, including groups identified by gender, in different ways, and to design the consultation process to facilitate the effective involvement of such groups. Trans Mountain submitted a Project Notification package to potentially-affected persons and communities in November 2019.

To date, Trans Mountain has not received any feedback identifying factors that are anticipated differentially impact diverse groups of people. On December 10, 2019, the CER provided receipt and feedback to Trans Mountain, evaluating the information provided in the Project Notification related to the CER Early Engagement Guide and CER Interim Guidance (2019a), and concluded that the CER will not be conducting any early engagement activities considering the Project is anticipated to have minimal to low potential impacts. Construction of the replacement pipeline will be guided by the TMEP Work Accommodation Strategy (Condition 59; Filing ID A84812) and Socio-economic Effects Monitoring Plan (Condition 13; Filing ID A84618) that are anticipated to reduce the likelihood of the construction workforce interacting with the local community. The Project team has considered potential effects of the Project from a GBA+ perspective; however, considering the scope of the Project (i.e., replacement watercourse crossings in conjunction with TMEP construction), it is not anticipated that the Project will impact diverse groups of people in different ways.

Potential effects that are considered likely to occur were identified by the assessment team, largely based on information collected during past projects with similar conditions (e.g., replacement pipeline, decommissioning in-place) or potential issues (e.g., located on forested land). Outcomes from these projects are based on the successful implementation of established and industry-accepted mitigation measures. The success of mitigation measures is primarily based on the reclamation of any areas disturbed during construction activities (e.g., soil productivity is considered to be the same or better than pre- construction or adjacent conditions and capability).

Residual effects are the environmental and socio-economic effects remaining following the implementation of mitigation and enhancement measures. In many situations, the recommended mitigation will completely eliminate the potential effects; however, in other situations, the mitigation will lessen the effects, although not entirely eliminate them. In these situations, a residual adverse effect is identified and evaluated for significance. However, accidents and malfunctions (while unlikely) are included, so that their potential adverse effects can be understood in case of their occurrence. The evaluation of combined effects considers only those residual effects that are likely to occur (i.e., of high probability), if applicable.

5.1.4 Mitigation Measures Mitigation is considered to be the elimination, reduction, or control of a project’s adverse environmental effects, including restitution for any damage to the environment caused by such effects through replacement, restoration, compensation, or any other means. A number of general and site-specific mitigation measures have been proposed based on current industry- accepted standards (NEB 2016; Pipeline Abandonment Steering Committee 1996), and the professional

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judgement of the assessment team to reduce the severity of potential environmental and socio-economic residual effects associated with replacement pipeline construction and operations, and decommissioning of the existing pipeline. These measures, to be implemented by Trans Mountain and its Contractors, are summarized in Table 5-3 and are outlined in detail in the EPPs (Filing ID C01961 and Appendix A of this ESA), including all applicable contingency plans.

Trans Mountain and its Contractors and Subcontractors will implement mitigation measures from the approved TMEP during construction of the replacement pipeline segments and decommissioning of the existing segments. The EPPs (Filing ID C01961 and Appendix A of this ESA) detail the actions required to ensure protection of land, plants, wildlife, fish and the aquatic environment during construction.

Management, mitigation and monitoring plans approved for the TMEP that may be used during construction of the Project include, but are not limited to:

• Sowaqua Spotted Owl Mitigation Plan (Condition 38; Filing ID C01961);

• Grizzly Bear Mitigation Plan (Condition 56; Filing ID C01961);

• Riparian Habitat Management Plan (Condition 71; Filing ID C01961);

• Weed and Vegetation Management Plan (Condition 45; Filing ID C01961);

• Pipeline EPP (Condition 72; Filing ID C01961);

• Socio-Economic Effects Monitoring Plan (Condition 13, Filing ID A84618);

• Watercourse Crossing Inventory (Condition 43; Filing ID A6W5S0);

• Navigation and Navigation Safety Plan (Condition 48, Filing ID A90948);

• Worker Accommodation Strategy (Condition 59 Filing ID A84812);

• Updates under the Species at Risk Act (Condition 92, Filing ID A6V8V1);

• Post-Construction Environmental Monitoring Report (Condition 151);

• Traditional Land Use (TLU) and Traditional Marine Resource Use Investigative Report (Condition 97; Filing ID A85811); and

• Heritage Resources and Sacred and Cultural Sites Plan (Condition 100, Filing ID A6V8JO).

5.1.5 Identification and Characterization of Residual Effects Residual effects are the environmental and socio-economic effects remaining following the implementation of mitigation measures. In many situations, the recommended mitigation measures will completely mitigate the potential effects; however, in other situations, the mitigation measures will lessen the effects, although not entirely eliminate them.

Residual effects that are not considered likely to occur after effective mitigation is applied require no further analysis. However, accidents and malfunctions, although considered unlikely, are included if they may occur.

Residual effects associated with environmental and socio-economic elements arising from Project activities are identified in Table 5-3. A qualitative assessment was deemed to be the most appropriate approach to evaluate the significance of potential residual environmental effects, given the scope of the Project. Consequently, the evaluation of significance of each of the potential residual effects relied on the professional judgement of the assessment team. The criteria used in the analysis of potential residual effects are presented in Table 5-1.

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TABLE 5-1

EVALUATION OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF RESIDUAL EFFECTS – ESA CRITERIA

Assessment Criteria Definition IMPACT BALANCE – of the Residual Effect Positive Residual effect has a net benefit to the environment or socio-economic conditions. Neutral Residual effect has no net benefit or loss to the environment or socio-economic conditions. Negative Residual effect has a net loss or is a detriment to the environment or socio-economic conditions. SPATIAL BOUNDARY – Location of Residual Effect Footprint The land area directly disturbed by Project activities. LSA The Footprint plus the variable zone of influence or area where the element is most likely to be affected by Project activities (e.g., 1.5 km). RSA The variable RSA extending beyond the LSA to include the nearest community with services (e.g., District of Hope) for socio-economic elements (e.g., Infrastructure and Services) and is defined as a 100 m upstream and a minimum of 300 m downstream of each crossing location for the water quality and quantity and fish and fish habitat elements, to account for potential impacts associated with the watercourse crossing. International The area extending beyond Canada. TEMPORAL CONTEXT – of the Residual Effect Duration Immediate The residual effect is limited to 2 days or less during Project activities. Short-term The residual effect is limited to the Project schedule or to 1 year of post-Project activities. Medium-term The residual effect extends into the operations phase for up to 10 years. Long-term The residual effect extends into the operations phase for more than 10 years; however, ceases during the operational life of the Project or upon future decommissioning or abandonment of the replacement pipeline. Extended-term The residual effect extends beyond the decommissioning or abandonment phase. Frequency Rare The residual effect occurs uncommonly or unpredictably (e.g., as a result of an accident or malfunction) over the assessment period. Isolated The residual effect is confined to a specified phase of the assessment period. Occasional The residual effect occurs intermittently and sporadically over the assessment period. Periodic The residual effect occurs intermittently and repeatedly over the assessment period. Continuous The residual effect occurs continually over the assessment period. Reversibility Reversible The residual effect is reversible to pre-Project or equivalent conditions. Irreversible The residual effect is permanent. MAGNITUDE - of the Residual Environmental Effect Negligible Residual effects are not detectable. Low Residual effects are detectable; however, they are well within environmental or regulatory standards, or both. Medium Residual effects are detectable and may approach, but are still within, the environmental or regulatory standards, or both. High Residual effects are beyond environmental or regulatory standards, or both. MAGNITUDE - of the Residual Socio-economic Effect Negligible There is no detectable change from existing (baseline) conditions. Low Change is detectable; however, it has no effect on the socio-economic environment beyond that of an inconvenience or nuisance value. Medium Change is detectable and results in moderate modification to the socio-economic environment. High Change is detectable and is large enough to result in a severe modification to the socio-economic environment.

5.1.6 Significance Determination A determination of significance was completed for all identified potential residual effects (Table 5-3). All assessment criteria were considered by the assessment team when determining the significance of each residual effect.

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For environmental elements, a residual effect is considered significant if the effect is predicted to be either of the following:

• irreversible and of high magnitude; or • long-term in duration, reversible and of high magnitude. For socio-economic elements, a residual effect is considered significant if the effect is predicted to be either of the following:

• of high magnitude, reversible and regional or beyond in extent; or • of high magnitude and irreversible, within any spatial boundary Where a potential residual effect is determined to be significant, a determination is made of the likelihood of the significant residual effect’s occurrence. A significant residual effect is not likely to occur if the probability is low and the degree of certainty is high, determined through an understanding of cause-effect relationships and available information pertinent to the Project area.

5.1.7 Cumulative Effects The cumulative effects assessment evaluates the identified residual environmental and socio-economic effects directly associated with the Project in combination with Project activities resulting from reasonably foreseeable developments that have been or will be carried out in the LSA or RSA. Future projects considered in the assessment do not include proposed or hypothetical projects where formal plans have not been disclosed.

The Project cumulative effects assessment applies the following steps.

1. Identify the Project’s predicted residual effects. 2. Determine spatial and temporal boundaries for each environmental and socio-economic element where residual effects predicted for the Project have the potential to act in combination with potential existing activities and reasonably foreseeable developments. 3. Identify existing activities and reasonably foreseeable developments with residual effects that may act in combination with the residual effects of the Project. 4. Identify predicted cumulative effects. 5. Develop technically and economically feasible mitigation. 6. Determine the significance of the Project’s predicted contribution to total cumulative effects based on the significance evaluation process outlined in subsection 5.1.6. All predicted adverse residual environmental and socio-economic effects identified in Table 5-3 are evaluated for potential cumulative effects. According to Guides A.2.6 and A.2.7 of the Filing Manual, where a positive residual effect is predicted (see Table 5-1), or where no residual effects were predicted or considered likely, cumulative effects assessment was not conducted. Therefore, the cumulative effects assessment is limited to elements with predicted likely residual effects that could act cumulatively with residual effects from other projects or activities.

5.1.7.1 Existing and Reasonably Foreseeable Developments Existing activities and disturbances or reasonably foreseeable developments that are likely to occur in the Project RSA, and have a temporal overlap with the Project, will be considered in the cumulative effects assessment. Future projects considered in the assessment do not include proposed or hypothetical projects where formal plans have not been disclosed.

There are two pipeline developments (including TMEP) within 5 km of the Project (IHS 2019a). No other proposed or approved reasonably foreseeable developments that could be carried out prior to or during the construction of the Project have been identified in the RSA by searching on the registries of Appropriate Government Authorities (BC Hydro 2020; BC EAO 2020; BC MOTI 2020; BC OGC 2020; District of

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Hope 2020; ECCC 2020; FVRD 2020; Government of BC 2019a; Government of Canada 2020; IAA 2020; Province of BC 2020; IHS 2019b,c).

5.2 Effects Assessment – Replacement Pipeline Construction and Operation In this subsection, the current state of the environment (Section 4.0) within the Project’s assessment boundaries is compared against the Project description (Section 2.0) to assess potential environmental and socio-economic effects and cumulative effects that might be caused by the Project.

Using the assessment methodology described in subsection 5.1, the following subsections evaluate the potential environmental and socio-economic effects associated with replacement pipeline construction activities, decommissioning activities and operations of the replacement pipeline.

Environmental and socio-economic elements potentially interacting with construction and operation of the replacement pipeline are identified in Table 5-2. Environmental and socio-economic elements which are not considered to interact with these aspects of the Project are justified in Table 5-2. In accordance with Guide A.2.6 of the Filing Manual, no further analysis is necessary for those elements where interactions between the Project component and an environmental or socio-economic element are not predicted.

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TABLE 5-2

POTENTIAL ELEMENT INTERACTION WITH THE PROJECT

Replacement Pipeline Segments Decommissioning Pipeline Segments Element Construction Operations1 Physical Activities2 Decommissioned Pipeline Physical and Yes No – there are no activities during No – there are no physical No – since the buried pipeline segments Meteorological operations that are anticipated to decommissioning activities that will be filled with cement, reducing the Environment interact with the physical and are anticipated to interact with likelihood of the decommissioned meteorological environment. the physical and pipeline segments left in-place meteorological environment. deteriorating and creating ground subsidence. Soil and Soil Yes Yes Yes No – since the buried pipeline segments Productivity will be cleaned and filled with cement, reducing the likelihood for residual contamination or for the pipeline to act as a water conduit. Vegetation Yes Yes Yes No – since the buried pipeline segments will be cleaned and filled with cement, reducing the likelihood for residual contamination or for the pipeline to act as a water conduit. Water Quality and Yes Yes Yes No – since the buried pipeline segments Quantity will be cleaned and filled with cement, reducing the likelihood for residual contamination or for the pipeline to act as a water conduit. Fish and Fish Yes Yes Yes No – since the buried pipeline segments Habitat will be cleaned and filled with cement, reducing the likelihood for residual contamination, for the pipeline to act as a water conduit, or for the pipeline to become buoyant. Wetlands No – as there are no wetlands located within 30 m of the Project Footprint. Wildlife and Wildlife Yes Yes Yes No – since the buried pipeline segments Habitat will be cleaned and filled with cement, reducing the likelihood for residual contamination or for the pipeline to act as a water conduit. Species at Risk or Yes Yes Yes No – since the buried pipeline segments Species of Special will be cleaned and filled with cement, Status and Related reducing the likelihood for residual Habitat contamination or for the pipeline to act as a water conduit. Air Emissions Yes Yes Yes No – there are no activities that are anticipated to create air emissions once the pipeline is decommissioned. GHG Emissions Yes Yes Yes No – there are no activities that are anticipated to create GHG emissions once the pipeline is decommissioned. Acoustic Yes Yes Yes No – there are no activities that are Environment anticipated to create noise emissions once the pipeline is decommissioned. Human Occupancy Yes Yes Yes No – there are no activities that are and Resource Use anticipated to create noise emissions once the pipeline is decommissioned. Heritage Resources Yes No – since surface or buried Yes No – since surface or buried heritage heritage resources sites, if resources sites, if present, would have present, would have been been disturbed as a result of physical disturbed as a result of decommissioning, no interaction is construction activities, no anticipated once the pipeline is left in- interaction is anticipated during place. operation of the pipeline. Traditional Land and Yes Yes Yes No – there are no physical activities Resource Use required once the pipeline segments are decommissioned.

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TABLE 5-2 (Cont’d)

Replacement Pipeline Segments Decommissioning Pipeline Segments Element Construction Operations1 Physical Activities2 Decommissioned Pipeline Social and No – since the proposed activities will entail a comparatively small workforce using the services of local communities over a short period. Cultural Consequently, the following potential social and cultural well-being effects noted in Table A-5 of the Filing Manual do not apply to Project Well-Being activities: • stresses on family and household cohesion; • alcohol and substance abuse; or • illegal or other potentially disruptive activities. Human Yes Yes Yes No – there are no physical activities Health and required once the pipeline segments are Aesthetics decommissioned. Infrastructure Yes Yes Yes No – there are no physical activities and Services required once the pipeline segments are decommissioned. Navigation Yes No – since activities related to the Yes No – since the buried pipeline segments and site-specific maintenance will not to be decommissioned in-place filled with Navigation be located in, on, over, under, cement, reducing the likelihood for the Safety through, or across a navigable pipeline to become buoyant. waterway. Employment No – The Project will consist of a small workforce for a short period of time; therefore, no interaction with employment and economy is and anticipated during construction of the replacement pipeline or decommissioning activities. An economic analysis was not deemed necessary Economy for the Project. Notes: 1 Activities during operations include aerial patrols, vegetation management and integrity digs. 2 Activities during decommissioning include ground disturbance and reclamation for excavation, as well as the remaining decommissioned pipeline left in-place.

The full assessment of environmental and socio-economic effects and cumulative effects is provided in Table 5-3.

In accordance with Guide A.2.6 of the Filing Manual, no further analysis is necessary for those elements where interactions between the Project component and an environmental or socio-economic element are not predicted.

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TABLE 5-3

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR THE COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO. 15 AND 16 REPLACEMENT PIPELINE PROJECT

Environmental or Socio-Economic Element/ Spatial Potential Residual Effect(s) and Cumulative Effects and Potential Effect Boundary Project Component1 Recommendations/Mitigation Measures (EPP Reference)2 Significance Determination3 Significance Determination3 1. PHYSICAL AND METEOROLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 1.1 Areas of terrain instability may occur as a LSA  Replacement pipeline  Establish pre-construction profiles (grades) along the pipeline construction footprint for use during backfilling.  Terrain instability N/A – Table A-2 of the Filing Manual result of construction activities indicates that likely residual effects for construction (Coquihalla  Ensure any disturbance of the pipeline construction footprint on the approach to any watercourse crossed by the pipeline construction footprint is reduced, stabilized and reclaimed.  Reversible, short-term in Crossing No. 15 and the physical environment need not be  Use clearing methods that avoid or reduce disturbance to the ground surface on sensitive terrain where approved by an Environmental Inspector. duration, low magnitude. No. 16) subject to a cumulative effects  Compact the backfill, if feasible, to reduce trench settlement. Compact the trench at banks of watercourse crossings that have been trenched.  A significant effect is not assessment.  Replace grade material to approximately the pre-construction contours, except where it is not safe to do so. likely to occur.  Return the bed and banks of each crossing as close as feasible to their pre-construction contours (slope and height). Crossings should not be re-aligned or straightened in any way nor have their hydraulic characteristics changed.  Seed riparian areas with an approved annual cover crop or grass mix during final clean-up. See additional measures outlined in the Reclamation Management Plan (see Section 9.1 of Volume 6 of the Environmental Plans). 1.2 Areas of slope instability may occur as a LSA  Replacement pipeline  Install the pipeline at each crossing using the technique as outlined in the Watercourse Crossing Inventory (Section 8.8 of Volume 6 of the Environmental Plans) unless otherwise  Slope instability N/A – Table A-2 of the Filing Manual result of construction activities indicates that likely residual effects for construction (Coquihalla approved. Ensure that the technique is implemented as per the reports, notifications and/or applications provided to Appropriate Government Authorities.  Permanent, short-term in the physical environment need not be Crossing No. 15 and  Compact the backfill, if feasible, to reduce trench settlement. Compact the trench at banks of watercourse crossings that have been trenched. duration and low magnitude. No. 16) subject to a cumulative effects  Return the bed and banks of each crossing as close as feasible to their pre-construction contours (slope and height). Crossings should not be re-aligned or straightened in any way nor  A significant effect is not assessment. have their hydraulic characteristics changed. likely to occur.  Install permanent erosion control measures and temporary sediment control measures, as outlined in the Reclamation Management Plan (see Section 9.1 of Volume 6 of the Environmental Plans), unless otherwise approved by Trans Mountain to adjust for site conditions and suitability.  Seed riparian areas with an approved annual or grass mix during final clean-up. See additional measures outlined in the Reclamation Management Plan (see Section 9.1 of Volume 6 of the Environmental Plans.  Confirm, prior to seeding and/or planting, that surface texturing is present on steep slopes. If warranted, establish mounds or divots to create microsites on steep, wind exposed slopes where woody vegetation establishment is desirable to retain moisture and enhance vegetation establishment success, or where grass vegetation is desirable. If warranted, implement cleat tracking by aligning the final pass of dozers perpendicular to the fall line of the slope. 1.3 Acidification/contamination of the terrestrial LSA  Replacement pipeline  Adhere to recommendations provided by a qualified Resource Specialist and/or an Environmental Inspector at locations where the potential for acid rock drainage has been identified  Acidification/contamination of the N/A – Table A-2 of the Filing Manual and/or aquatic environment from acid rock construction (Coquihalla and trench dewatering is necessary. terrestrial and/or aquatic indicates that likely residual effects for drainage or metal leaching. the physical environment need not be Crossing No. 15)  Adhere to recommendations in the Acid Rock Drainage and Metal Leaching Potential Technical Report. environment subject to a cumulative effects  Reversible, short-term in assessment. duration and low magnitude.  A significant effect is not likely to occur. 2. SOIL AND SOIL PRODUCTIVITY 2.1 Mixing of topsoil and subsoil Footprint  Replacement pipeline  Clearly mark with staking, flagging and/or signage the locations requiring special soil handling techniques as indicated on the EAS.  Potential residual effects are N/A construction (Coquihalla  Use equipment capable of accurately separating topsoil, and where required, transition material, from subsoils on all areas being excavated. expected to be avoided through Crossing No. 15 and 16) the implementation of mitigation.  Salvage topsoil material to the depth indicated on the EAS or to the colour/texture change.  Replacement pipeline  Stake and label topsoil, transition and grade windows to assist in identification during final clean-up. operations (integrity digs)  Suspend trenching and salvage a wider area of topsoil if the trench walls slough into the trench and the potential for topsoil/subsoil mixing exists. Backslope the trench walls until stable.  Decommissioning  Backfill the trench without mixing spoil with topsoil windrow or snow. activities requiring  Ensure that all excavation works are undertaken in a manner that minimizes the mixing of different material types. ground disturbance 2.2 Degradation of soil structure due to Footprint  Replacement pipeline  Ensure that construction activities do not cause rutting, soil compaction or pulverization. Consider alternate soil handling measures and adhere to the measures outlined in the  Potential residual effects are N/A compaction and rutting construction (Coquihalla Wet/Thawed Soils Contingency Plan. expected to be avoided through Crossing No. 15 and 16)  Postpone clean-up work on excessively wet soils until conditions are suitable. the implementation of mitigation.  Decommissioning  Install matting, geotextile, log corduroy or other material approved by an Environmental Inspector to allow traffic through localised areas of wet/thawed soils. Record the UTM activities requiring coordinates at all locations where materials are installed to facilitate access. ground disturbance  Implement the Wet/Thawed Soils Contingency Plan (see Appendix B of the EPP) during wet or thawed soil conditions when soils are too wet for a particular activity. Soils will be considered to be excessively wet when the planned activity could cause damage to soils due to rutting through the surface material into the subsoil, soil structure damage during soil handling or compaction and associated pulverization of surface material due to heavy traffic. The decision to continue or suspend particular construction activities on lands with excessively wet/thawed soils will be made by the Construction Manager in consultation with an Environmental Inspector.  Adhere to other backfilling and/or trench compaction measures or equipment requirements as requested by an Environmental Inspector.  Rip/disc compacted subsoils, where adjacent compaction levels are exceeded, on the pipeline construction footprint adjacent to the ditch line to a depth of 30 cm or the depth of compaction, whichever is deeper. If soils are moist, postpone the decompaction of subsoils until soils dry to ensure that the measures are effective. 2.3 Trench subsidence or remnant crown Footprint  Replacement pipeline  Compact the backfill, if feasible, to reduce trench settlement. Compact the trench at watercourse crossings that have been trenched.  Potential residual effects are N/A construction (Coquihalla  Once the trenchline has been compacted, feather-out excess trench spoil over the salvaged portion of the pipeline construction footprint. expected to be avoided through Crossing No. 15 and 16) the implementation of mitigation.  Re-compact tine textured spoil in lifts and compact in accordance with engineering and construction specifications to reduce trench subsidence and over-compaction.  Re-grade areas with vehicle ruts, erosion gullies or where the trench has settled.

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TABLE 5-3 Cont’d

Environmental or Socio-Economic Element/ Spatial Potential Residual Effect(s) and Cumulative Effects and Potential Effect Boundary Project Component1 Recommendations/Mitigation Measures (EPP Reference)2 Significance Determination3 Significance Determination3 2.4 Loss of topsoil through wind or Footprint  Replacement pipeline  Implement appropriate erosion control measures on topsoil windrows (see the Weed and Vegetation Management section of the EPP).  Potential residual effects are N/A water erosion construction (Coquihalla  Tackify, apply water or snow or pack the topsoil windrow if soils are showing signs of wind erosion (see the Soil Erosion and Sediment Control Contingency Plan). Topsoil that are expected to be avoided through Crossing No. 15 and 16) susceptible to wind erosion are indicated on the EAS. Note that once topsoil is salvaged and stockpiled, it becomes more susceptible to wind erosion. the implementation of mitigation.  Decommissioning activities  Postpone topsoil replacement during wet conditions or high winds to prevent damage to soil structure or erosion of topsoil. requiring ground disturbance  Apply tackifier on disturbed soils at a rate recommended by the supplier where soil erosion by wind may be problematic. See the EAS for areas where the soil is prone to erosion by wind.  Install drainage, erosion and sediment control measures as approved by the Environmental Inspector. Implement structures and materials (e.g., berms) as outlined in the Soil Erosion and Sediment Control Contingency Plan to ensure that sediment in surface water draining from the pipeline construction footprint does not adversely affect the surrounding terrain or any watercourses (see Sediment Fence Dwg. 5). In particular, control erosion on the banks of watercourses, unstable slopes, and grade cuts disturbed by construction activities along the pipeline construction footprint.  Construction activities will be conducted in a manner that avoids or minimized erosion and the discharge of sediment or other deleterious substances into any nearby watercourses or connecting drainage systems.  Install additional drainage, erosion and sediment control measures prior to or during wet conditions and extreme weather events, to ensure the protection of sensitive environments. In advance of an extreme weather event, consult the Flood and Excessive Flow contingency Plan, the Soil Erosion and Sediment Control Contingency plan and the Wet/Thawed Soils contingency Plan to determine if any further mitigation is required to manage the event. 2.5 Disturbance of previously Footprint  Replacement pipeline  Review known areas of contaminated soils identified in the Contamination Identification and Assessment section in Appendix G of the TMEP EPP and the RSMTs for mitigation  Potential residual effects are N/A contaminated soils construction (Coquihalla measures to be implemented during construction. Areas identified as moderate or high-risk potential for encountering contamination, and areas of contamination confirmed by intrusive expected to be avoided through Crossing No. 15 and 16) sampling within the Project Footprint are identified on the EAS. the implementation of mitigation.  Replacement pipeline  Immediately report discovery of contaminated soils to the Environmental Inspector. The Environmental Inspector will report the discovery to the local Trans Mountain EHS Advisor. operations (integrity digs)  The Environmental Inspector, in consultation with the Trans Mountain EHS Advisor, will determine the applicable response in accordance with measures in Trans Mountain’s Procedure  Decommissioning activities for Responding to Historical Contamination and Minor Spills. Where appropriate, the Contamination Discovery Contingency Plan will be implemented. requiring ground disturbance  Implement the Contamination Discovery Contingency Plan in the event that contaminated soils are discovered during construction. 2.6 Release of hydrostatic test water LSA  Replacement pipeline  Follow the applicable requirements outlined in the Waste Discharge Regulation (BC MOE 2004) before, during and after the discharge of hydrostatic test fluid to land.  Potential residual effects are N/A to land construction (Coquihalla  Conduct hydrostatic testing activities in accordance with the Pressure Testing Program and the Hydrostatic Testing Plan filed with the CER pursuant to Conditions 112 and 113, expected to be avoided through Crossing No. 15 and 16) respectively. Ensure hydrostatic testing is conducted in accordance with applicable permit requirements and that all necessary approvals are obtained prior to commencing hydrostatic the implementation of mitigation. testing activities. Refer to notification and permitting requirements provided in the EPP.  Conduct sampling and testing of potential test water sources and soils at discharge sites, if warranted, to abide by requirements related to test water withdrawal and/or discharge and any other approval requirements.  Retain records (including dates) of all key hydrostatic testing activities (e.g., water withdrawal location, rates and volumes, sampling results and discharge locations).  Follow all dewatering measures outlined in the Hydrostatic Testing Plan and the Water Withdrawal and Discharge Procedures Management.  Monitor discharge locations to ensure that no erosion, flooding or icing occurs. If conditions become saturated to the extent that adequate natural filtration is no longer occurring, suspend dewatering and move the discharge to another approved location (confirm that appropriate approvals and, if warranted, soil testing have been completed) or construct a holding pond for the water and release the water when natural filtration is feasible.  Ensure that the areas to receive discharged water are approved by an Environmental Inspector in accordance with the applicable government guidance. 3. VEGETATION 3.1 Loss or alteration of native Footprint  Replacement pipeline  Confine all clearing within the staked/flagged boundaries. Clear vegetation from only those areas essential for construction. Adhere to clearing restrictions associated with riparian buffer  Alteration of the composition of The Project will act cumulatively with vegetation construction (Coquihalla areas, and in areas where sensitive environmental features have been identified as outlined on the EAS. native vegetation existing and reasonably foreseeable activities and disturbances including Crossing No. 15 and 16)  Seek guidance from an Environmental Inspector to determine the location and size of areas where clearing is to be avoided or reduced in the vicinity of sensitive environmental features.  Reversible, medium to long- transportation infrastructure  Replacement pipeline  Perform grubbing in a manner that minimizes the potential to damage adjacent trees. Cut vegetation close to the ground and maintaining the root structure within 2 m of the edge of the term duration, low to medium (e.g., Highway 5), residential operations (integrity digs) pipeline construction footprint and grade cut, where feasible. magnitude. development, ongoing forestry  Decommissioning activities  Avoid scalping of the vegetation mat where bedding material is moved from a location adjacent to the trench and placed in the trench prior to lowering-in.  A significant effect is not activities, tourism and recreation requiring ground disturbance activities, operation of the existing  Seed disturbed, non-cultivated, non-Agricultural Lan Reserve lands in BC with native and non-native seed mixes developed for the Project or as specified by landowners and/or likely to occur. TMPL, and construction and operation occupants or appropriate Crown land authorities. of TMEP. The existing cumulative  Deactivate or reclaim temporary construction access that does not have a third-party disposition to native vegetation or pre-construction land use. effect on native vegetation at the regional scale is estimated to be low magnitude. Project-specific contributions will be limited to clearing of the Project footprint which will be re-seeded following construction. Decommissioning activities will be conducted on the previously-disturbed TMPL right-of-way. The Project contribution to the cumulative alteration of native vegetation composition is predicted to be low magnitude and reversible with the implementation of reclamation measures. Consequently, a significant cumulative effect is not likely to occur.

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TABLE 5-3 Cont’d

Environmental or Socio-Economic Element/ Spatial Potential Residual Effect(s) and Cumulative Effects and Potential Effect Boundary Project Component1 Recommendations/Mitigation Measures (EPP Reference)2 Significance Determination3 Significance Determination3 3.2 Weed introduction and spread LSA  Replacement pipeline  Flag areas identified as having high weed infestations prior to commencement of construction. Control weeds (i.e., using proper application of chemical, mechanical or manual  Introduction and spread of weed The Project will act cumulatively with construction (Coquihalla measures, or a combination of all) at locations identified on the EAS to a level that is consistent with current weed management practices on land adjacent to the Project Footprint to species existing and reasonably foreseeable activities and disturbances including Crossing No. 15 and 16) reduce the potential for weed infestations following construction.  Reversible, medium to long- transportation infrastructure  Replacement pipeline  Develop weed control plans in accordance with the requirements of local Municipalities and the Line List. term duration, low to medium (e.g., Highway 5), residential development, operations (integrity digs) magnitude.  Ensure that equipment arrives at construction sites clean and free of soil or vegetative debris. Inspect, verify and document clean equipment. ongoing forestry activities, tourism and  Decommissioning activities  Where topsoil is not salvaged from the full pipeline construction footprint, consider placing matting (e.g., construction mats and rig mats) over infested areas to reduce construction  A significant effect is not recreation activities, operation of the requiring ground disturbance equipment transporting weed seed or plant material. Where mats are used, ensure that they are free of soil, vegetation and debris prior to removing from the site. likely to occur. existing TMPL, and construction and  Record all sites where equipment was specifically cleaned to address weed concerns. operation of TMEP. The existing cumulative effect regarding weeds at the  Clean equipment (i.e., shovel and sweep, and/or air chisel) involved in topsoil handling at weed-infested sites prior to leaving the location. regional scale is estimated to be low to  Additional mitigation to reduce weed growth (i.e., seeding with a short-lived cover crop) may be warranted if topsoil replacement is delayed. medium magnitude. Existing vegetation management measures in place to control the spread of weeds and invasive species will be extended to the replacement pipeline rights-of-way. The Project contribution to the cumulative introduction or spread of weeks is predicted to be low magnitude and reversible with the implementation of mitigation measures. Consequently, a significant cumulative effect is not likely to occur. 4. WATER QUALITY AND QUANTITY 4.1 Alteration of natural surface water Footprint  Replacement pipeline  Establish and maintain drainage across the pipeline construction footprint.  Potential residual effects are N/A flow patterns construction (Coquihalla  Provide surface drainage of adequate capacity across the pipeline construction footprint. expected to be avoided through Crossing No. 15 and 16) the implementation of mitigation.  Implement measures to reduce ponding and control surface water runoff.  Replacement pipeline  Replace grade material to approximately the pre-construction contour, except where it is not safe to do so. operations (integrity digs)  Re-grade areas with vehicle ruts, erosion gullies or where the trench has settled. 4.2 Reduction of water quality and LSA  Replacement pipeline  Follow all regulatory requirements for herbicide use adjacent to waterbodies and water wells.  Change in water quality The Project will act cumulatively with quantity existing and reasonably foreseeable construction (Coquihalla  Implement appropriate precautions to prevent deleterious substances (e.g., gasoline, sediment, oil, cement or concrete residue) from entering watercourses. Cleaning, fuelling and servicing of  Reversible, immediate to activities and disturbances including Crossing No. 15 and 16) equipment are to be conducted in an area, or in a manner, where spills or wash water will not contaminate surface water or groundwater resources. An emergency spill kit appropriate for the work short-term in duration and transportation infrastructure  Replacement pipeline being conducted is to be available on-site at all times. low to medium magnitude. operations (integrity digs) (e.g., Highway 5), ongoing forestry  Prevent construction materials and debris from entering watercourses.  A significant effect is not activities, residential development,  Install and maintain appropriate drainage, erosion and sediment control measures to prevent sediment from disturbed areas being transported into watercourses. likely to occur. tourism and recreation, and  Install drainage, erosion and sediment control measures, as approved by an Environmental Inspector. Implement structures and materials (e.g., berms), as outlined in the Soil Erosion and Sediment construction of TMEP. The Coquihalla Control Contingency Plan to ensure that sediment in surface water draining from the pipeline construction footprint does not adversely affect the surrounding terrain or any watercourses (see River Crossings 15 and 16 will not Sediment Fence Dwg. 2). In particular, control erosion on the banks of watercourses, valley slopes, unstable slopes, drainage swales and grade cuts disturbed by construction activities along the change the magnitude or extent of pipeline construction footprint. cumulative reduction of water quality from that associated with TMEP. At  Construction activities will be conducted in a manner that avoids or minimizes erosion and the discharge of sediment or other deleterious substances into nearby watercourses or connecting drainage the regional scale, the cumulative systems. effect on water quality is estimated to  Ensure that watering of roads and/or the pipeline construction footprint does not generate excessive formation of surface water accumulation (i.e., puddles or excessive mud generation) or result in be low to medium magnitude and not overland water flow or sedimentation of nearby watercourses. significant. The Project contribution to  Install sediment control prior to commencing grading inside and outside of the riparian buffer area. cumulative effects on water quality are  Monitor water quality (i.e., turbidity and TSS), when and where warranted, in accordance with the monitoring measures provided in the Water Quality Monitoring Management Plan. predicted to be low to medium magnitude. Consequently, a Where water monitoring reveals that turbidity is approaching or exceeding water quality objectives, the Water Quality Monitors will notify the on-site Environmental Inspector and the Qualified  significant cumulative effect is not Aquatics Environmental Specialist/Qualified Environmental Professional, who, in consultation with the Construction Manager or designate and Contractor, will develop corrective actions. likely to occur.  Review and adhere to the general mitigation measures provided in the Spill Prevention section of the EPPs related to equipment washing, inspection of hydraulic, fuel and lubrication systems of equipment, equipment servicing and re-fuelling, as well as fuel storage in proximity to watercourses during construction.  Ensure all equipment, including hoses and pumps are in good working condition and no leaks are observed.  Dewater the trench, if warranted and practical, when laying pipe in areas with a high water table. Place pumps on a containment tray or within an excavated sump lined with polyethylene sheeting above the ordinary high-water mark of the waterbody. Pump water into a sediment control device (e.g., filter bag) onto stable and well-vegetated areas, tarpaulins or sheeting at least 50 m from the nearest waterbody in a manner that does not cause erosion or an indirect release into a waterbody.  Dewater the trench if existing or anticipated (based upon precipitation forecasts) water levels or flow rates in the trench could overwhelm existing sediment-laden water to affect a watercourse. If warranted, install soft plugs or maintain hard plugs in the trench.  Dewater onto areas approved by the Environmental Inspector where water will be filtered through vegetation and soils. Provide scour protection (e.g., use of rock aprons, plastic sheeting, plywood and straw bales) and an energy diffuser (e.g., dissipater and protective rock rip-rap, sheeting, tarpaulins or other equivalent materials) at the discharge site as approved by the Environmental Inspector. The rate of discharge will be reduced if these measures are ineffective.  Ensure that water discharge is conducted in accordance with required discharge approvals. Unless otherwise approved, do not dewater directly back into a watercourse.  Monitor water encountered in the trench during trenching to determine if groundwater flow is being intercepted. If a groundwater seam has been disrupted, seek and follow the advice of the Resource Specialist, as necessary, to maintain cross drainage within the trench (e.g., installation of subdrains and/or trench breakers) before backfilling occurs.

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Environmental or Socio-Economic Element/ Spatial Potential Residual Effect(s) and Cumulative Effects and Potential Effect Boundary Project Component1 Recommendations/Mitigation Measures (EPP Reference)2 Significance Determination3 Significance Determination3 4.3 Alteration or contamination of LSA  Replacement pipeline  Conduct hydrostatic testing activities in accordance with the Pressure Testing Program and Hydrostatic Testing Plan filed with the CER pursuant to NEB Conditions 112 and 113,  Potential residual effects are N/A water as a result of hydrostatic test construction (Coquihalla respectively. Ensure that hydrostatic testing is conducted in accordance with applicable permit requirements and that all necessary approvals are obtained prior to commencing expected to be avoided through water withdrawal Crossing No. 15 and 16) hydrostatic testing activities. Notify the Construction Manager or designate, and an Environmental Inspector, a minimum of 72 hours prior to commencing water withdrawal and test the implementation of mitigation. water discharge activities.  Ensure that enough workers and equipment are available on-site to repair any rupture, leak or erosion problems that arise during testing.  Follow Project-defined least-risk windows for water withdrawal, where appropriate, as outlined on the RSMTs for aquatic resources and on the EAS, unless otherwise approved by the Appropriate Government Authority.  Follow the mitigation measures related to water withdrawal provided in the Hydrostatic Testing Plan, to be filed with the CER 90 days prior to commencing hydrostatic testing.  Track the volumes of water used and ensure that the water level does not fall more than the maximum amount approved by the BC Water Sustainability Act once water withdrawal has started. Retain a copy of the Hydrostatic Testing Plan, as well as the water withdrawal permit, on-site and ensure that an Environmental Inspector has reviewed the water withdrawal permit prior to the commencement of withdrawal activities.  See the Soil and Soil Productivity element of this table for discussion of the potential effects resulting from a release of hydrostatic test water on land. 5. FISH AND FISH HABITAT 5.1 Increased fish injury or mortality LSA  Replacement pipeline  Ensure a that a DFO Request for Review has been completed for the Project and no harmful alteration, disruption or destruction of fish or fish habitat is anticipated.  Increased fish injury or mortality The Project will act cumulatively with risk existing and reasonably foreseeable construction (Coquihalla  Prevent construction materials and debris from entering watercourses.  Reversible, short to medium- activities and disturbances including Crossing No. 15 and 16) term in duration and low to  Install and maintain appropriate drainage control measures (e.g., Sediment Fence Dwg. 5) to prevent sediments from disturbed areas from being transported into watercourses. transportation infrastructure medium in magnitude  Construction activities will be conducted in a manner that avoids or minimizes erosion and the discharge of sediment or other deleterious substances into any nearby watercourses or (e.g., Highway 5), ongoing forestry connecting drainage systems.  A significant effect is not activities, residential development,  Monitor water quality (i.e., turbidity and TSS), when and where warranted, in accordance with the monitoring measures provided in the Water Quality Monitoring Management section of likely to occur tourism and recreation, and the EPP. construction of TMEP. Human sources of fish mortality and injury  Monitor fill and discharge lines for leaks. Repair or control leaks to prevent erosion. include recreational and subsistence  Collect pre-test pigging debris and water. Discharge the water at an acceptable location in a manner that does not cause erosion or allow unfiltered or sediment-laden water to directly harvest, water withdrawals, or indirectly re-enter a watercourse. Dispose of the remaining material with other construction debris, in accordance with appropriate Federal and Provincial guidelines. sedimentation (e.g., due to instream  Review and adhere to the general mitigation measures provided in the Spill Prevention section of the EPP related to equipment washing, inspection of hydraulic, fuel and lubrication construction, existing trails and roads), systems of equipment, equipment servicing and re-fuelling, as well as fuel storage in proximity to watercourses during construction. and acute and chronic effects from  All Project workers are strictly prohibited from hunting, fishing, trapping and gathering plants within or along the pipeline construction footprint and at any other construction sites accidental discharge of contaminants. including but not limited to Trans Mountain facilities and premises. Angler overharvest has been reported as one of the primary sources of Isolated Open-Cut fisheries declines in western Canada.  Develop a Water Quality Monitoring Management Plan with input from a QAES/QEP to monitor for turbidity and TSS concentrations during the installation and through the removal of The Coquihalla River Crossings 15 isolation crossing. TSS concentration levels will be monitored using the guidelines provided in Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME 2014) throughout the and 16 will not change the magnitude installation and removal of isolation crossings. In some cases (e.g., where fisheries concerns are low and flow volumes are minimal at the time of construction), the Water Quality or extent associated with increased Monitoring Management Plan may only require routine versus detailed monitoring. fish injury or mortality from that  Construct the isolation dams of materials that meet the requirements of the applicable BC OGC guidelines. Earthen berms are prohibited. associated with TMEP. The Project’s  Ensure that pump intakes avoid or reduce disturbance to the streambed and are screened with a maximum mesh size of 2.54 mm and sized to limit the approach velocity to not exceed contribution to the cumulative increase 0.038m/s. Place intakes in a mesh cage (2.54 mm) to reduce the approach velocity that fish are exposed to and prevent them from being impinged on the intake. Refer to DFO’s to fish injury or mortality is limited to Freshwater Intake End-of-Pipe Fish Screen Guideline (DFO 1995) for additional information. Ensure the screens are inspected prior to use, visually monitored and remain free of debris replacement pipeline construction. At during pumping. the regional scale, the cumulative effect on fish injury or mortality is  Ensure that water from culverts, dams and pumps, diversion or other methods does not cause erosion or introduce sediment into the channel. If warranted, place rock riprap, tarpaulins, estimated to be low to medium plywood sheeting or other materials to control erosion at the outlet of pump hoses and culverts. Supplement the erosion control materials, if warranted, to control any erosion. magnitude and not significant. The Open-Cut Project contribution is predicted to be  Conduct an open-cut trenched crossing (i.e., without flow isolation) of seasonally dry or frozen to the bottom watercourses in accordance with the applicable Federal and Provincial low to medium in magnitude and requirements and best practices (see Watercourse Crossing – Open-Cut Method for Dry/Frozen Watercourses Dwg. 38). Refer to the EAS and the Watercourse Crossing Inventory for reversible with implementation of watercourses where open-cut trenched crossings are recommended. With the approval of an Environmental Inspector and where applicable, the QAES/QEP, salvage the upper 0.5 m reclamation measures. Consequently, (minimum) of clean, granular streambed material, if present, and stockpile separately from the remainder of the trench spoil. Upon completion of the pipeline crossing, backfill the trench, a significant cumulative effect is not re-contour the streambed. All imported granular non-native material used for capping should be clean and washed. Imported material must be obtained from offsite and approved by an likely to occur. Environmental Inspector and not obtained from below the ordinary high-water level of any watercourse.  Return the bed and banks of each crossing as close as practical to their pre-construction contours and morphology.  Develop site-specific mitigation and/or reclamation plans where condition or measures for a typical open-cut trenched crossing (seasonally dry or frozen to the bottom), will not be in with DFO’s Measures to Avoid Causing Harm to Fish and Fish Habitat (i.e., flowing water is expected to coincide with an open-cut trenched construction without flow isolation). Discussion with DFO will be conducted to identify preferred timing for instream work and to confirm whether an Authorization under the Fisheries Act will be required before any open-cut trenched crossing method of a fish-bearing watercourse can proceed. Refer to site-specific reclamation plans provided in the Riparian Habitat Management Plan and the Reclamation Management Plan.

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Environmental or Socio-Economic Element/ Spatial Potential Residual Effect(s) and Cumulative Effects and Potential Effect Boundary Project Component1 Recommendations/Mitigation Measures (EPP Reference)2 Significance Determination3 Significance Determination3 6.2 Changes in wildlife movement LSA  Replacement pipeline  Minimize traffic and prohibit the recreational use of all-terrain vehicles or snowmobiles by Project personnel on the pipeline construction footprint.  Changes in wildlife movement The Project will act cumulatively with existing and reasonably foreseeable construction (Coquihalla  Leave gaps in set up and welded pipe to allow wildlife to cross the pipeline construction footprint. Locate gaps (generally 3 m wide) in pipe string at obvious drainages, wildlife and during Project activities activities and disturbances including Crossing No. 15 and 16) trapping trails. The Environmental Inspector will approve the location and widths of gaps. Break in the pipe shall be coincident with gaps in topsoil, grade spoil, snow and rollback  Reversible, short-term in transportation infrastructure  Replacement pipeline windrows (where present). duration, low magnitude (e.g., Highway 5), residential operations (integrity digs)  Ensure that night caps on all strung pipe remain in place when no welding is occurring, overnight and at the end of shift to avoid trapping or confining wildlife.  A significant effect is not development, ongoing forestry  Decommissioning activities likely to occur activities, and tourism and recreation requiring ground disturbance activities, operation of the existing TMPL, and construction and operation of TMEP. The major highways and urban, industrial and rural development associated with the District of Hope may have important effects on wildlife movement. The existing cumulative effect on wildlife movement at the regional scale is estimated to be medium magnitude. Given the overlap of the Project Footprint with existing disturbances, Project-specific contributions to the cumulative effect are limited to the relatively short duration of construction and decommissioning activities causing sensory disturbance that could temporarily displace wildlife and cause alteration of movement patterns. Consequently, a significant cumulative effect is not likely to occur. 6.3 Wildlife mortality LSA  Replacement pipeline  Complete required environmental surveys (e.g., supplemental biophysical assessments, wildlife habitat features) that are required prior to the commencement of construction and  Increased wildlife mortality risk The Project will act cumulatively with construction (Coquihalla provide the key results of the surveys and any associated mitigation to Project inspection personnel and the Contractor. Identify any resource-specific locations in the field where during Project activities existing and reasonably foreseeable activities and disturbances including Crossing No. 15 and 16) mitigation is necessary and mark the locations accordingly.  Reversible, short-term in transportation infrastructure  Replacement pipeline  In the event that clearing or construction activities are scheduled to commence within the migratory bird nesting period, or there are extended periods of inactivity between construction duration, low magnitude operations (integrity digs) activities (i.e., a period greater than 7 days) within the nesting period, consult with an Environmental Inspector or Wildlife Resource Specialist to determine the need to conduct non- (e.g., Highway 5) residential  A significant effect is not intrusive area search for evidence of nesting (e.g., presence of territorial males, alarm calls, distraction displays, adults carrying nesting material/food). Searches for evidence of nesting development, ongoing forestry likely to occur should occur within 7 days prior to the construction activity. activities, and tourism and recreation activities, operation of the existing  In the event an active nest is found, the nest will be subject to site-specific mitigation measures (e.g., clearly marked species-specific buffer around the nest of non-intrusive monitoring). TMPL, and construction and operation The appropriate mitigation measures will be selected by an Environmental Inspector, in consultation with a Resource Specialist (see also the Wildlife Species of Concern Encounter and of TMEP. The major highways and Discovery Contingency Plan). urban, industrial and rural  Adhere to applicable setback distances, associated timing constraints, and mitigation measures outlined in Section 4.0 of the RSMTs. development associated with the  All Project workers are strictly prohibited from hunting, fishing, trapping and gathering plants within or along the pipeline construction footprint and at any other construction sites District of Hope may have important including but not limited to Trans Mountain facilities and premises. effects on wildlife mortality risk. The existing cumulative effect on wildlife  Salvage amphibians, where present, as determined by the QAES/QEP prior to conducting a trenched crossing. Develop a site-specific plan prior to salvage activities. Personnel mortality risk at the regional scale is completing salvages must be qualified. estimated to be medium magnitude.  Implement the Wildlife Species of Concern Encounter and Discovery Contingency Plan in the event of an encounter with wildlife during construction, either at the construction site or on Given the Project does not create new the commute to or from the construction site. Report any incidents or collisions with wildlife to an Environmental Inspector, who will consult with the Appropriate Government Authorities linear access, Project-specific and the local conservation officer, if applicable. Follow the incident reporting processes outlined in the Project Emergency Response Plan (Condition 89) for safety-related incidents. contributions to cumulative wildlife  Wildlife discovered in the trench will be reported to an Environmental Inspector. Depending on the wildlife species and site-specific circumstances, the species will be carefully removed mortality risk are negligible magnitude (e.g., common species of a manageable size, such as a ground squirrel or garter snake) or the Environmental Inspector will contact the Environmental Manager or designate (e.g., large with implementation of mitigation, and mammal, such as a moose; species at risk). limited to the relatively short duration  Do not harass or feed wildlife. Do not store food in beds of pick-up trucks or areas readily accessible to wildlife. of construction and decommissioning activities. Consequently, a significant Implement the Access Management Plan and the Grizzly Bear Mitigation Plan.  cumulative effect is not likely to occur.

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Environmental or Socio-Economic Element/ Spatial Potential Residual Effect(s) and Cumulative Effects and Potential Effect Boundary Project Component1 Recommendations/Mitigation Measures (EPP Reference)2 Significance Determination3 Significance Determination3 7. SPECIES AT RISK OR SPECIES OF SPECIAL STATUS AND RELATED HABITAT 7.1 Loss or alteration of a rare plant LSA  Replacement pipeline  See the Vegetation element of this table for additional mitigation measures to reduce the potential effect regarding loss or alteration of vegetation species at risk.  Potential residual effects are N/A population or rare ecological construction (Coquihalla  Stake or flag all boundaries of the pipeline construction footprint, including temporary access roads. expected to be avoided through community Crossing No. 15 and 16) implementation of mitigation.  Stake or flag environmental features and buffers (e.g., archaeological site, rare plant species and wildlife habitat features) on or adjacent to the pipeline construction footprint to avoid the site  Replacement pipeline (see Narrowed Workspace Dwg. 1). Refer to the EAS and the RSMTs for locations identified environmental features. Ensure staking and flagging is maintained during construction. operations (integrity digs)  The Environmental Inspector will review mitigation measures to be implemented during construction to avoid or reduce effects on environmental features (i.e., rare plants and rare ecological  Decommissioning activities communities, wildlife species at risk, archaeological features, TLU sites and any other sensitive environmental or cultural features) along or in proximity to the pipeline construction footprint. requiring ground disturbance This review will be conducted in advance of construction at known locations where the above features are known to be present to ensure that suitable and appropriate procedures have been selected and can be implemented prior to construction where applicable.  Suspend activity if previously unidentified rare plants and rare ecological communities are encountered on the Project Footprint and harmful effects to the plants and/or communities are anticipated as a result of construction, as determined by a Rare Plant Resource Specialist. Implement the Rare Ecological Communities or Rare Plant Species Discovery Contingency Plan. 7.2 Loss or alteration of habitat, LSA  Replacement pipeline  See the Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat element of this table for additional mitigation measures to reduce the potential effect regarding the loss or alteration of habitat availability and effectiveness  Alteration of habitat, change in The Project will act cumulatively with change in movement or increased construction (Coquihalla for wildlife species at risk. movement or increased mortality existing and reasonably foreseeable activities and disturbances including mortality risk for wildlife species at Crossing No. 15 and 16)  Maintain a tight construction spread (i.e., stringing to backfilling) and construct the pipeline in an efficient manner to limit the duration of sensory disturbance to wildlife. risk for wildlife species at risk transportation infrastructure risk  Replacement pipeline  Report observations of species at risk immediately to an Environmental Inspector. The Environmental Inspector will record the location in the daily reports and locate and mark sightings for  Reversible, short-term (e.g., Highway 5) residential operations (integrity digs) future reference in Post-Construction Environmental Monitoring documentation. duration (for effects related to development, ongoing forestry  Decommissioning activities  The Environmental Inspector will review mitigation measures to be implemented during construction to avoid or reduce effects on environmental features (i.e., rare plants and rare ecological sensory disturbance) to long- activities, and tourism and recreation requiring ground disturbance communities, wildlife species at risk, archaeological features, TLU sites and any other sensitive environmental or cultural features) along or in proximity to the pipeline construction footprint. term duration (for direct activities, operation of the existing This review will be conducted in advance of construction at known locations where the above features are known to be present to ensure that suitable and appropriate procedures have been habitat alteration from TMPL, and construction and operation selected and can be implemented prior to construction, where applicable. vegetation clearing and soil of TMEP. The Coquihalla River handling at the Project Crossings 15 and 16 will not change  Ensure that mitigation measures concerning fish, wildlife and plant species at risk are communicated to construction personnel and are supported by an Environmental Inspector. Refer to the footprint), low magnitude the magnitude or extent of cumulative EAS and RSMTs for locations of and mitigation measures for aquatics, vegetation and wildlife species at risk or their habitats.  A significant effect is not likely effects on wildlife species at risk from  Stake or flag all boundaries of the pipeline construction footprint, including temporary access roads. to occur that associated with TMEP, and the  Stake or flag environmental features and buffers (e.g., archaeological site, rare plant species and wildlife habitat features) on or adjacent to the pipeline construction footprint to avoid the site duration of sensory disturbance during (see Narrowed Workspace Dwg. 1). Refer to the EAS and the RSMTs for locations identified environmental features. Ensure staking and flagging is maintained during construction. construction and decommissioning activities will increase but remains  Ensure sighting records for species of concern or species at risk are provided to an Environmental Inspector. Records will be maintained and made available for reporting to Appropriate short-term. The major highways and Government Authorities (e.g., BC CDC). urban, industrial and rural development  Implement the Wildlife Species of Concern Encounter and Discovery Contingency Plan in the event of an encounter with wildlife during construction, either at the construction site or on the associated with the District of Hope commute to or from the construction site. Report any incidents or collisions with wildlife to an Environmental Inspector, who will consult with the Appropriate Government Authorities and the may have important cumulative effects local conservation officer, if applicable. Follow the incident reporting processes outlined in the Project Emergency Response Plan for safety-related incidents. on habitat, movement and mortality risk for wildlife species at risk. The existing cumulative effect at the regional scale is estimated to be medium magnitude. Project-specific contributions to cumulative effects on wildlife species at risk are low magnitude with implementation of mitigation, and reversible. Consequently, a significant cumulative effect is not likely to occur. 7.3 Loss or alteration of habitat for LSA  Replacement pipeline  See the Fish and Fish Habitat element of this table for additional mitigation measures to reduce the potential effects regarding the loss or alteration of habitat for aquatic species at risk.  Loss or alteration of fish habitat The Project will act cumulatively with aquatic species at risk existing and reasonably foreseeable construction (Coquihalla  Ensure that a request for review is completed and submitted to the CER.  Reversible, short to extended Crossing No. 15 and 16) activities and disturbances including  Implement measures outlined in Section 4.1 and 4.2 of this table. -term in duration and low to transportation infrastructure  Replacement pipeline  Install matting, geotextile, log corduroy or other material approved by an Environmental Inspector to allow traffic through localized areas of saturated ground conditions. Record the UTM medium magnitude. (e.g., Highway 5), and construction of operations (integrity digs) coordinates at all locations where materials are installed to facilitate access.  A significant effect is not likely TMEP. The Coquihalla River Crossings 15 and 16 will not change  Confine all clearing within the staked/flagged boundaries. Clear vegetation from only those areas essential for construction. Adhere to clearing restrictions associated with riparian buffer areas, to occur and in areas where sensitive environmental features have been identified as outlined on the EAS. the magnitude or extent of effects associated with loss or alteration of fish  Restrict root grubbing to areas where soil removal is necessary (e.g., trench line and areas to be graded) to reduce surface disturbance and encourage re-sprouting/natural re-generation of habitat from that associated with TMEP. trees and shrubs. The Project’s contribution to the loss or alteration of fish habitat is limited to replacement pipeline construction. At the regional scale, the cumulative effect on fish habitat is estimated to be low to medium magnitude and not significant. The Project contribution is predicted to be low to medium in magnitude and reversible with implementation of reclamation measures. Consequently, a significant cumulative effect is not likely to occur.

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TABLE 5-3 Cont’d

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TABLE 5-3 Cont’d

Environmental or Socio-Economic Element/ Spatial Potential Residual Effect(s) and Cumulative Effects and Potential Effect Boundary Project Component1 Recommendations/Mitigation Measures (EPP Reference)2 Significance Determination3 Significance Determination3 11. HUMAN OCCUPANCY AND RESOURCE USE 11.1 Physical disturbance of outdoor LSA  Replacement pipeline  Contact identified recreation user groups prior to construction activities a minimum of 30 days prior to the commencement of construction. Provide maps and schedules of the  Potential residual effects are N/A recreation areas construction (Coquihalla construction activities to allow for selection of alternate areas for activity. Ensure that any notable changes in the construction schedule are communicated, as warranted. expected to be avoided through Crossing No. 15 and 16)  Provide Project contact information to residents, land users and Indigenous groups for management of construction-related concerns. implementation of mitigation.  Replacement pipeline  Install signs at recreation access points notifying users of construction activities in the area. operations (integrity digs)  Install signs at secondary road access points and within the vicinity of construction activities near secondary roads and highways to notify land users (e.g., Forest License holders) of  Decommissioning activities construction of the pipeline requiring ground disturbance  Employ all above measures to reduce potential effects during operation of the replacement pipeline segment (e.g., integrity digs). 11.2 Alteration of viewshed RSA  Replacement pipeline  Contact identified recreation user groups prior to construction activities a minimum of 30 days prior to the commencement of construction. Provide maps and schedules of the  Potential residual effects are N/A construction (Coquihalla construction activities to allow for selection of alternate areas for activity. Ensure that any notable changes in the construction schedule are communicated, as warranted. expected to be avoided through Crossing No. 15 and 16)  Provide Project contact information to residents, land users and Indigenous groups for management of construction-related concerns. implementation of mitigation.  Replacement pipeline  Confine all clearing within the staked/flagged boundaries. Clear vegetation from only those areas essential for construction. Adhere to clearing/mowing restrictions associated with operations (integrity digs) riparian buffer areas (i.e., not more than 1/3 of the woody vegetation), and in areas where sensitive environmental features have been identified as outlined on the EAS.  Decommissioning activities  Dispose of all remaining garbage and debris from the pipeline construction footprint at Trans Mountain-approved disposal locations.  Commence machine clean-up prior to spring breakup along segments that were constructed during frozen conditions but that are accessible under non-frozen ground conditions. Perform final clean-up once the trench has settled after spring breakup. See the RSMT for applicable timing restrictions. 11.3 Disruption of hunting, fishing, RSA  Replacement pipeline  Provide Project contact information to residents, land users and Indigenous groups for management of construction-related concerns.  Potential residual effects are N/A guide outfitting and trapping expected to be avoided through construction (Coquihalla  Install signs at secondary road access points and within the vicinity of construction activities near secondary roads and highways to notify land users (e.g., Forest License holders) of activities Crossing No. 15 and 16) construction of the pipeline. implementation of mitigation.  Replacement pipeline  All Project workers are strictly prohibited from hunting, fishing, trapping and gathering plants within or along the pipeline construction footprint and at any other construction sites operations (integrity digs) including but not limited to Trans Mountain facilities and premises.  Decommissioning activities  Workers are prohibited from possessing or storing any firearm, bows, crossbows, whether or not concealed, at a Project work site, on any Project-owned or leased premises (including construction camps) or in work vehicles. Fishing equipment, snowmobiles and all-terrain vehicles not used for work on the Project are prohibited at work sites and in work vehicles. Worker use and enjoyment of the environment when off-duty must be conducted in full compliance with all laws and regulations. 12. HERITAGE RESOURCES 12.1 Disturbance of previously Footprint  Replacement pipeline  Follow applicable recommendations identified in the Archaeological Impact Assessment.  Potential residual effects are N/A unidentified surface and buried expected to be avoided through construction (Coquihalla  Refer to the RSMTs and EAS for locations of known historical resources and associated mitigation. heritage resources Crossing No. 15 and 16) implementation of mitigation.  Suspend work in proximity (i.e., within 30 m or other distance as specified in the applicable regulatory permit) to archaeological or paleontological sites (e.g., arrowheads, modified bone,  Decommissioning activities pottery fragments and fossils) discovered during construction and notify an Environmental Inspector and a Construction Manager, who will contact the Environmental Manager. requiring ground disturbance Implement the contingency measures identified in the Heritage Resources Discovery Contingency Plan. No work at that particular location shall continue until permission is granted by the Environmental Manager or designate in consultation with a Resource Specialist and, if warranted, the Appropriate Government Authority. Prohibit the collection of any historical, archaeological or paleontological resources by Project personnel. 13. TRADITIONAL LAND AND RESOURCE USE 13.1 Disruption of use of trails and LSA  Replacement pipeline  Provide Indigenous groups with the anticipated construction schedule and Project maps, a minimum of 4 weeks prior to the commencement of construction in the vicinity of their  Potential residual effects are N/A travelways construction (Coquihalla respective communities. expected to be avoided through Crossing No. 15 and 16)  Provide Project contact information to residents, land users and Indigenous groups for management of construction-related concerns. implementation of mitigation.  Replacement pipeline  Install signs at recreation access points notifying users of construction activities in the area. operations (integrity digs)  Install signs at secondary road access points and within the vicinity of construction activities near secondary roads and highways to notify land users (e.g., Forest License holders) of  Decommissioning activities construction of the pipeline. requiring ground disturbance  The Environmental Inspector will review mitigation measures to be implemented during construction to avoid or reduce effects on environmental features (i.e., rare plants and rare ecological communities, wildlife species at risk, archaeological features, TLU sites and any other sensitive environmental or cultural features) along or in proximity to the pipeline construction footprint. This review will be conducted in advance of construction at known locations where the above features are known to be present to ensure that suitable and appropriate procedures have been selected and can be implemented prior to construction where applicable.  Implement the contingency measures identified in the TLU Sites Discovery Contingency Plan in the event that TLU sites not previously identified are found during pipeline construction. Notify an Environmental Inspector who will collaborate with an Indigenous Monitor for appropriate mitigation measures, where warranted.  See mitigation measures for the Navigation and Navigation Safety element of this table.

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TABLE 5-3 Cont’d

Environmental or Socio-Economic Element/ Spatial Potential Residual Effect(s) and Cumulative Effects and Potential Effect Boundary Project Component1 Recommendations/Mitigation Measures (EPP Reference)2 Significance Determination3 Significance Determination3 13.2 Disturbance of traditional land use RSA  Replacement pipeline  Provide Indigenous groups with the anticipated construction schedule and Project maps, a minimum of 4 weeks prior to the commencement of construction in the vicinity of their  Disturbance to traditionally used The Project will act cumulatively with (fishing, hunting, plant gathering, construction (Coquihalla respective communities. resources existing and reasonably foreseeable trapping) activities and disturbances including Crossing No. 15 and 16)  Notify the potentially affected Indigenous groups prior to the use of herbicides.  Reversible, short-term in transportation infrastructure  Replacement pipeline  Maintain access to trapping lines during construction. duration and low to medium (e.g., Highway 5) residential operations (integrity digs) magnitude  Stake or flag all boundaries of the pipeline construction footprint, including temporary access roads. development, ongoing forestry  Decommissioning activities  Stake or flag environmental features and buffers (e.g., rare plant species and wildlife habitat features) on or adjacent to the pipeline construction footprint prior to commencing  A significant effect is not activities, and tourism and recreation requiring ground disturbance construction to avoid the site (see Narrow Down Fencing Dwg. 1). Refer to the EAS and the RSMTs for locations of identified environmental features. Ensure staking and flagging is likely to occur activities, operation of the existing maintained during construction. TMPL, and construction and operation of TMEP. It is anticipated that new  Post signs in the vicinity of environmental features to alert construction personnel of their presence. Recommended setback distances are resource-specific and should be determined in construction with an Environmental Inspector and/or Resource Specialist, if required. Use site identification numbers to ensure confidentiality and protection of resources, where disturbances created by reasonably warranted. foreseeable projects may act cumulatively with the Project, affecting  All Project workers are strictly prohibited from hunting, fishing, trapping and gathering plants within or along the pipeline construction footprint and at any other construction sites harvesting or hinting activities, trails including but not limited to Trans Mountain facilities and premises. and sacred site by clearing vegetation  Workers are prohibited from possessing or storing any firearm, bows, crossbows, whether or not concealed, at a Project work site, on any Project-owned or leased premises (including or introducing weeds, displacing or construction camps) or in work vehicles. Fishing equipment, snowmobiles and all-terrain vehicles not used for work on the Project are prohibited at work sites and in work vehicles. otherwise disrupting habitat of wildlife Worker use and enjoyment of the environment when off-duty must be conducted in full compliance with all laws and regulations. species, or disrupting aquatic  Implement the contingency measures identified in the TLU Sites Discovery Contingency Plan in the event that TLU sites not previously identified are found during pipeline construction. resources during construction, Notify an Environmental Inspector who will collaborate with an Indigenous Monitor for appropriate mitigation measures, where warranted. creating sensory effects for traditional land users or restricting access to TLRU sites and activities. Given the overlap of the Project activities with TMEP and/or existing disturbances, Project-specific contributions to the cumulative effect are limited to the relatively short duration of construction and decommissioning activities. Consequently, a significant cumulative effect is not likely to occur. 13.3 Disturbance of existing TLU sites LSA  Replacement pipeline  Provide Indigenous groups with the anticipated construction schedule and Project maps, a minimum of 4 weeks prior to the commencement of construction in the vicinity of their  Potential residual effects are N/A construction (Coquihalla respective communities. expected to be avoided through Crossing No. 15 and 16)  To avoid the disruption of plant-gathering activities, mitigation measures may include limiting or restricting the use of chemical applications to control invasive species, replacement of implementation of mitigation.  Replacement pipeline plant species during reclamation, and/or avoidance of the site. operations (integrity digs)  Mitigation measures for hunting sites may include adhering to species-specific timing constraints to the extent feasible, leaving breaks in the pipeline trench to allow animals to cross,  Decommissioning activities and limiting or restricting the use of chemical applications to control invasive vegetation. requiring ground disturbance  Mitigation measures for trails crossed by the pipeline construction footprint may include detailed recording and mapping of trails within 100 m on both sides of the pipeline construction footprint; in partnership with Indigenous group representatives, a decision is then made about the relative importance of the trail and, if warranted, how best to maintain and control access; and, installing signage or scheduling construction during periods of least effect, where feasible.  Mitigation for sacred areas may include avoidance of the site, and detailed recording and mapping. Additional site-specific mitigation measures may be refined and optimized in the field and through community discussions, as warranted.  Implement the contingency measures identified in the TLU Sites Discovery Contingency Plan in the event that TLU sites not previously identified are found during pipeline construction. Notify an Environmental Inspector who will collaborate with an Indigenous Monitor for appropriate mitigation measures, where warranted. 14. HUMAN HEALTH AND AESTHETICS 14.1 Disruption of normal, daily living RSA  Replacement pipeline  Implement the mitigation measures under the Air Emissions, GHG Emissions, Acoustic Environment, Water Quality and Quantity, Traditional Land and Resource Use and Navigation  Potential residual effects are N/A activities construction (Coquihalla and Navigation Safety elements of this table. expected to be avoided through Crossing No. 15 and 16)  Provide Project contact information to residents, land users and Indigenous groups for management of construction-related concerns. implementation of mitigation.  Replacement pipeline  Install signs at recreation access points notifying users of construction activities in the area. operations (integrity digs)  Install signs at secondary road access points and within the vicinity of construction activities near secondary roads and highways to notify land users (e.g., Forest License holders) of  Decommissioning activities construction of the pipeline.  Check weather reports daily to allow for schedule changes and contingency planning.

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TABLE 5-3 Cont’d

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TABLE 5-3 Cont’d

Environmental or Socio-Economic Element/ Spatial Potential Residual Effect(s) and Cumulative Effects and Potential Effect Boundary Project Component1 Recommendations/Mitigation Measures (EPP Reference)2 Significance Determination3 Significance Determination3 17. ACCIDENTS AND MALFUNCTIONS 17.1 Spill of hazardous materials LSA  Replacement pipeline Spill Prevention  Inadvertent spills could result in This residual effect has a very low construction (Coquihalla  Implement appropriate precautions to prevent deleterious substances (e.g., gasoline, sediment, oil, cement or concrete residue) from entering watercourses. Cleaning, fuelling and servicing of contamination or alteration of soil probability of occurrence, and any Crossings No. 15 and No. 16) equipment are to be conducted in an area, or in a manner, where spills or wash water will not contaminate surface water or groundwater resources. An emergency spill kit appropriate for the quality, surface or groundwater resultant cumulative interactions quality, riparian habitat, cannot be meaningfully predicted;  Replacement pipeline work being conducted is to be available on-site at all times. vegetation, wildlife and wildlife consequently, a cumulative effects operations (integrity digs)  Place an impervious tarp or drip tray underneath equipment and vehicles when performing service and routine maintenance (e.g., oil changes, servicing of hydraulic systems). habitat, and human health assessment is not warranted.  Decommissioning activities  Maintain all appropriate spill equipment at all work sites. Assess the risk of resource-specific spills to determine the appropriate type and quantity of spill response equipment and materials to  Reversible, short to long-term requiring ground disturbance be stored on-site, and a suitable location for storage. Ensure that personnel are trained to contain spills or leakage from equipment when they arrive on-site. in duration, low to high  Ensure that fuel, lubricating fluids, hydraulic fluids, methanol, antifreeze, herbicides, biocides or other chemical are not intentionally released on the ground of into a watercourse. In the event magnitude (e.g., in the event of a spill, implement the Spill Contingency Plan. of a fuel truck rollover into the  Transport, handle, use and dispose of hazardous materials in accordance with Appropriate Government Authority requirements. Coquihalla River)  Ensure that bulk fuel trucks, service vehicles and pick-up trucks equipped with box-mounted fuel tanks carry spill prevention, containment and clean-up materials that are suitable for the  Although a spill event has a volume of fuels or oils carried. Carry spill response supplies on bulk fuel and service vehicles that are suitable for use on land and water (i.e., sorbent pads, sorbent boom and rope). potential residual effect of  All fuel nozzles are to be stored in a secure manner to prevent drips and spills. Fuel nozzle secured within a receptable to collect incidental drips after fuelling. Do not wash equipment or high magnitude and of long- machinery in or near watercourses. Control wastewater from construction and decommissioning activities to avoid discharge directly into any body of water. term duration, the event has a low probability of  Conduct refuelling a minimum of 100 m from any watercourse or wetland, unless otherwise approved by an Environmental Inspector. Employ the following measures to limit the risk of fuel spills: occurrence or rare in - all containers, hoses, nozzles are free of leaks; frequency, a significant - all fuel nozzles are equipped with automatic shut-offs; residual effect is not likely to - personnel are stationed at both ends of the hose during fuelling, unless the ends are visible and readily accessible by one person; and occur - fuel remaining in the hose is returned to the storage facility.  Visually inspect fuel tanks on a regular basis, as well as when the tank is re-filled. Maintain inspection records for each tank. Take corrective action as soon as a crack, dent or leak is detected. In the Event of a Spill  Report spills immediately to the Environmental Inspector who will notify the Senior Compliance Advisor for reporting to the appropriate Government Authorities, if applicable, in accordance with the Spill Contingency Plan. Operations - Product Release  Implement Trans Mountain’s Emergency Response Plan for Operations. 17.2 The Project may result in a fire LSA  Replacement pipeline Fire Prevention  Despite vigilance, fires may This residual effect has a very low construction (Coquihalla  Notify Bylaw Officers and, where applicable, local fire departments prior to conducting any burning, if required. adversely affect adjacent probability of occurrence, and any vegetation and in very rare resultant cumulative interactions cannot Crossings No. 15 and No. 16)  Follow the BC Open Burning Smoke Control Regulation (currently undergoing revision), as well as the BC Wildfire Act and Wildfire Regulation in BC. situations, affect wildlife and be meaningfully predicted; consequently,  Replacement pipeline  Obtain the necessary burning permits prior to disposal and conduct burning in accordance with burning permit requirements and applicable regulations. adjacent property a cumulative effects assessment is not operations (integrity digs) warranted. In the Event of a Fire Reversible, short to long-term in  Decommissioning activities  requiring ground disturbance  In the event of a fire, adhere to the measures described in the Fire Contingency Plan. duration, low to high magnitude  Although a fire event has a potential residual effect of high magnitude and of long-term duration, the event has a low probability of occurrence or rare in frequency, a significant residual effect is not likely to occur 17.3 Damage to foreign utilities during RSA  Replacement pipeline  Mark buried and overhead utilities.  Rupture of utility lines could lead This residual effect has a very low probability of occurrence, and any Project activities construction (Coquihalla  Stake or flag all boundaries of the pipeline footprint, including temporary access roads. to interruption of services, Crossings No. 15 and No. 16) contamination of soil or water, resultant cumulative interactions depending on the location and cannot be meaningfully predicted;  Replacement pipeline severity of the rupture, and fires in consequently, a cumulative effects operations (integrity digs) the case of gas lines assessment is not warranted.  Decommissioning activities requiring ground disturbance  Reversible, short to long-term in duration, low to high magnitude  Although a damage caused by the Project to a third-party utility has a potential residual effect of high magnitude and of long- term duration, such incident has a low probability of occurrence or rare in frequency, a significant residual effect is not likely to occur

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TABLE 5-3 Cont’d

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6.0 INSPECTION AND MONITORING Trans Mountain’s Health, Safety and Environment Commitment Statement applies to all phases of work. Trans Mountain is committed to the implementation of the policy during the course of the Project. Trans Mountain representatives and contractors are required to comply with the policy as a condition of their employment and the policy applies to all aspects of the Project. Along with this commitment, Trans Mountain has agreed to follow the mitigation measures presented in the TMEP EPP (Filing ID C01961) during construction of the replacement pipeline segments and the Decommissioning EPP (Appendix A of this ESA) to reduce the potential for adverse environmental effects associated with the Project.

Additionally, the replacement pipeline segments will be included in the Integrity Management Plan described in subsection 2.3.1 and consists of requirements pertaining to routine internal inspection with in- line pipeline inspection tools, natural hazard management program, and the maintenance of a cathodic protection system of the pipeline. The replacement pipeline segments will be included as part of the natural hazards (geohazards) and real-time flood monitoring program to monitor for progression of the hazard should it occur and initiate intervention prior to exposure.

6.1 Environmental Inspection Key construction and inspection staff will be briefed on Trans Mountain’s expectations, key environmental issues and corresponding mitigation measures. Trans Mountain will retain the services of a Construction Manager and Environmental Inspector during specific activities, when required. The Construction Manager and Environmental Inspector will be familiar with pipeline activities at watercourse crossings, as well as with the potential effects and mitigation available to avoid or reduce the severity the effects of pipeline replacement. The Construction Manager and Environmental Inspector will be responsible for enforcing compliance with environmental commitments, approvals and permits, recommending additional or alternative mitigation measures, noting potentially adverse environmental effects, identifying site-specific issues and determining the status of environmental issues following construction of the Project. The Senior Compliance Advisor and Environmental Inspector will be available for decision-making support and resolution of environmental resource issues arising on-site.

6.2 Post-construction Environmental Monitoring The replacement pipeline construction footprint for both crossings will be monitored in accordance with the TMEP Post-Construction Environmental Monitoring Reports (Condition 151). Trans Mountain will file with the CER, on or before January 31 after each of the first, third and fifth complete growing seasons following completion of final clean-up of the Project, a Post-Construction Environmental Monitoring Report for the Project that includes:

• a description of the valued components or issues that were assessed or monitored;

• measurable goals for each valued component or issue;

• monitoring methods for each valued component or issue, results of the monitoring and a comparison to the defined measurable goals;

• corrective actions taken, their observed success and their current status;

• identification on a map or diagram of the locations where corrective actions were taken; and

• any further corrective actions planned and a schedule for monitoring and reporting. 6.3 Environmental Protection Plan Considering the location of the replacement pipeline segments in proximity to the TMEP right-of-way and the potential synergies in timing of construction, construction of the replacement pipeline will be carried out simultaneously with TMEP-specific construction activities to minimize the potential environmental and socio-economic effects.

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Decommissioning activities will be completed following the successful commissioning of the replacement pipeline and are anticipated to commence at a later date and will be completed by a separate Trans Mountain construction crew. Therefore, mitigation measures described in Table 5-3 of this ESA include site-specific environmental mitigation measures presented in the TMEP EPP (Filing ID C01961) for replacement pipeline activities and the Decommissioning EPP (Appendix A of this ESA) for physical decommissioning activities. Project-specific environmental worksheets are included in the TMEP EAS for construction of the replacement pipeline segments and the Decommissioning EAS for decommissioning of the existing pipeline segments, and will be used to guide inspection and monitoring of the Project.

The EPPs are written in construction specification format so that it can be easily interpreted and followed in the field, as well as to facilitate inclusion in the Project contract bid documents and specifications. Should any conflict in the construction contract and the EPPs arise, the more stringent conditions will apply. Workers who show carelessness, intentional neglect of the environment or disregard the mitigation measures outlined in the EPPs, will be removed from the work site.

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7.0 CONCLUSION In conclusion, the Project is not likely to result in a significant adverse environmental or socio-economic effect. The identified environmental concerns are not extraordinary and potential effects arising from the Project can be readily mitigated by standard environmental protection measures. The adverse residual environmental and socio-economic effects associated with the Project will generally be reversible and short-term in duration, are of limited areal extent and of low magnitude.

There are no situations that would result in a likely significant residual environmental or socio-economic effect, as defined in the ESA. Similarly, there are no situations that would result in a significant cumulative environmental or socio-economic effect, as defined in the ESA.

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8.0 REFERENCES 8.1 Literature Cited Argus, G.W. and K.M. Pryer 1990. Rare Vascular Plants in Canada: Our Natural Heritage. Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, ON. 191 pp.

BGC Engineering Inc. (BGC). 2013a. Kinder Morgan Trans Mountain Expansion Project Route Physiography and Hydrology. Prepared for Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC. Calgary, AB.

BGC Engineering Inc. (BGC). 2013b. Trans Mountain Expansion Project. Acid Rock Drainage and Metal Leaching Assessment. Prepared for Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC. Calgary, AB.

BGC Engineering Inc. (BGC). 2017. Quantitative Geohazard Frequency Assessment – Post Mitigation. Prepared for the Trans Mountain Expansion Project.

Bird Studies Canada. 2019. Important Bird Areas Canada. KMZ file Version V2019.01.24.

British Columbia Conservation Data Centre (BC CDC). 2019a. BC Species and Ecosystems Explorer. http://a100.gov.bc.ca/pub/eswp/. Accessed December 2019.

British Columbia Conservation Data Centre (BC CDC). 2019b. Red, Blue and Yellow Lists. B.C. Ministry. of Environment. Website: https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/environment/plants-animals- ecosystems/conservation-data-centre/explore-cdc-data/red-blue-yellow-lists. Accessed January 2020.

British Columbia Conservation Data Centre (BC CDC). 2020. BC Species and Ecosystems Explorer. B.C. Minist. of Environ. Victoria, B.C. Available: http://a100.gov.bc.ca/pub/eswp/. Accessed January 2020.

British Columbia Environmental Assessment Office (BC EAO). 2020. EPIC. https://www.projects.eao.gov.bc.ca/. Accessed January 2020.

British Columbia (BC) Hydro. 2020. Projects. https://www.bchydro.com/energy-in-bc/projects.html. Accessed January 2020.

British Columbia Ministry of Environment (BC MOE). 2004. Waste Discharge Regulation. http://www.bclaws.ca/civix/document/id/complete/statreg/320_2004. Accessed January 2020.

British Columbia Ministry of Environment (BC MOE). 2011. Known BC Fish Observations and BC Fish Distributions (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available: https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/known- bc-fish-observations-and-bc-fish-distributions. Acquired: October 2019. Last Update Check: October 10, 2019.

British Columbia Ministry of Environment (BC ENV). 2019. HabitatWizard. http://maps.gov.bc.ca/ess/hm/habwiz/. Accessed January 2020.

British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations (BC MFLNRO). 2005. Invasive Alien Plant Site (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available: https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/invasive-alien-plant-site. Acquired: August 2019. Last Update Check: August 15, 2019.

British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations (BC MFLNRO). 2010. Licenced Springs (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available: https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/licensed-springs. Acquired: October 2019. Last Update Check: October 10, 2019.

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British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations (BC MFLNRO). 2011a. Old Growth Management Areas - Non Legal – Current (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available: https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/old-growth-management-areas-non-legal-current. Acquired: October 2019. Last Update Check: October 30, 2019.

British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations (BC MFLNRO). 2011b. Old Growth Management Areas - Legal – Current (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available: https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/old-growth-management-areas-legal-current. Acquired: October 2019. Last Update Check: October 30, 2019.

British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resources Operations and Rural Development (BC MFLNRORD). 2019. CDC Species, Non - Sensitive (digital file). Available: https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/species-and-ecosystems-at-risk-publicly-available- occurrences-cdc. Acquired November 25, 2019.

British Columbia Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure (BC MOTI). 2020. Transportation and Infrastructure Projects. https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/transportation/transportation- infrastructure/projects. Accessed January 2020.

British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission (BC OGC). 2018. British Columbia Noise Control Best Practices Guideline. Version 2.1. December 2018. https://www.bcogc.ca/industry- zone/documentation/all. Accessed December 2019.

British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission (BC OGC). 2020. Major Projects Webmap. https://www.bcogc.ca/public-zone/major-projects-centre/major-projects-webmap. Accessed January 2020.

Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency (CEA Agency). 2015a. Operational Policy Statement: Determining Whether a Designated Project is Likely to Cause Significant Adverse Environmental Effects under the CEA Act, 2012.

Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency (CEA Agency). 2015b. Operational Policy Statement: Assessing Cumulative Environmental Effects under the CEA Act, 2012.

Canada Energy Regulator (CER). 2019a. Interim Filing Guidance and Early Engagement Guide. https://www.cer-rec.gc.ca/bts/ctrg/gnnb/ntrmflnggdnc/2019flngntrm/index-eng.html. Accessed October 2019.

Canada Energy Regulator (CER). 2019b. Interactive Pipeline Map. https://www.cer- rec.gc.ca/sftnvrnmnt/sft/dshbrd/mp/index-eng.html. Accessed December 2019.

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Demarchi, D.A. 2011. An Introduction to the Ecoregions of British Columbia. Third Edition, March 2011. Ecosystem Information Section, Ministry of Environment. Victoria, BC. Website: https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/environment/plants-animals-and- ecosystems/ecosystems/broad- ecosystem/an_introduction_to_the_ecoregions_of_british_columbia.pdf. Accessed December 2019.

District of Hope. 2008. District of Hope Good Neighbour Bylaw 1240, 2008. https://hope.ca/sites/default/files/documents/dcd891_Good_Neighbour_Bylaw_No_1240_2008.pdf. Accessed December 2019.

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District of Hope. 2019b. Waste Collection. https://hope.ca/district-services/waste-collection. Accessed December 2019.

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Douglas, G., G.B. Straley, D. Meidinger and J. Pojar. 1998-2002. Illustrated Flora of British Columbia. Volumes 1-8. Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management and Ministry of Forests. Province of British Columbia.

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Energy, Mines and Resources Canada. 1986. Canada - Wetland Regions. The National Atlas of Canada 5th Edition. 1:7,500,000 map.

Environment Canada. 2013. Proposed, Candidate, and Early Candidate Critical Habitat Maps for the Proposed Trans Mountain Expansion Project. Hard-copy maps provided by the Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada. September 2013.

Environment Canada. 2015 Management Plan for the Mountain Beaver (Aplodontia rufa) in Canada. Species at Risk Act Management Plan Series. Environment Canada, Ottawa. 3 pp. + Annex.

Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC). 2018a. General nesting periods of migratory birds. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/avoiding-harm-migratory- birds/general-nesting-periods/nesting-periods.html. Last updated 2018-10-30. Accessed December 2019.

Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC). 2018b. Draft critical habitat for Great Basin Gophersnake and Western Rattlesnake. (digital file). Ottawa, On. Acquired: June 13, 2018. Updates unavailable.

Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC). 2019a. Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010. Laidlaw weather station. Available online: http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/index_e.html. Accessed December 2019.

Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC). 2019b. Migratory Bird Sanctuaries Across Canada. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/migratory-bird- sanctuaries/locations.html. Last updated: 2019-12-06. Accessed December 2019.

Environment and Climate Change Canada. 2019c. Current National Wildlife Areas. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-wildlife- areas/locations.html. Last updated: 2019-0-19. Accessed December 2019.

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Environment and Climate Change Canada. 2019d. Critical habitat for species at risk listed on Schedule 1 of the federal Species at Risk Act (SARA) in British Columbia (digital file). Ottawa, On. Acquired: February 20, 2019. Updates available at Open Data Portal http://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset.

Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC). 2020. EcoAction Community Funding Program – Map of Funded Projects. Accessed January 2020. http://environmental- maps.canada.ca/ecoaction/App/index?GOCTemplateCulture=en-CA.

Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). 1995. Freshwater Intake End-of-Pipe Fish Screen Guideline. Pub. #DFO/5080. Ottawa, Ontario: Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Communications Directorate. iii + 27 pp.

Fraser Valley Invasive Species Society (FVISS). 2020. Invasive Species. Website: https://fviss.ca/invasive-plants. Accessed January 2020.

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Fraser Valley Regional District (FVRD). 2019a. FVRD Regional Airpark. https://www.fvrd.ca/EN/main/services/fvrd-regional-airpark.html. Accessed December 2019.

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Fraser Valley Regional District (FVRD). 2020. Projects & Initiatives. https://www.fvrd.ca/EN/main/about- the-fvrd/projects-initiatives.html. Accessed January 2020.

GeoBC. 2019. NTS BC Contour Lines 1:250,000 - Digital Baseline Mapping (NTS). Online Map. Last updated September 5, 2019. https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/nts-bc-contour-lines-1-250- 000-digital-baseline-mapping-nts. Accessed December 2019.

Government of British Columbia (Government of BC). 2019a. iMapBC. https://maps.gov.bc.ca/ess/hm/imap4m/. Accessed December 2019.

Government of British Columbia (Government of BC). 2019b. Groundwater Wells and Aquifers: Well Search. https://apps.nrs.gov.bc.ca/gwells/. Accessed December 2019.

Government of Canada. 2019a. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC). Canadian Species at Risk. Website: https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate- change/services/committee-status-endangered-wildlife.html. Accessed January 2020.

Government of Canada. 2019b. Species at Risk Public Registry. https://species-registry.canada.ca/index- en.html#/species?sortBy=commonNameSort&sortDirection=asc&pageSize=10. Accessed December 2019.

Government of Canada. 2020. Major Projects Management Office. https://mpmo.gc.ca/project- inventory/311. Accessed January 2020.

Hegmann, G., R. Eccles, and K. Strom. 2002. Practical approach to assessing cumulative effects for pipelines. Pp. 245-253 in Environmental Concerns in Rights of Way Management: Seventh International Symposium. J.W. Goodrich-Mahoney, D.F. Mutrie and C.A. Guild (Eds.). Elsevier Science Ltd.

Hitchcock, C.L. and A. Cronquist. 1973. Flora of the Pacific Northwest. University of Washington Press. Seattle, Washington.

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Holland, S.S. 1976. Landforms of British Columbia: A Physiographic Outline. Bulletin 48. The Government of the Province of British Columbia. 138 pp.

Hope BC. 2019a. Services. https://hopebc.ca/plan-your- trip/listings/?category=services&subcategory=health. Accessed December 2019.

Hope BC. 2019b. Plan Your Trip: Outdoor Adventure. https://hopebc.ca/plan-your- trip/listings/?category=outdoor-adventure. Accessed December 2019.

Impact Assessment Agency of Canada. 2019. Gender-Based Analysis Plus in Impact Assessment. https://www.canada.ca/en/impact-assessment-agency/services/policy-guidance/gender-based- analysis-plus-impact-assessment-fact-sheet.html. Accessed January 2020.

Impact Assessment Agency (IAA) of Canada. 2020. Canadian Impact Assessment Registry. https://iaac- aeic.gc.ca/050/evaluations?culture=en-CA. Accessed January 2020.

IHS Inc. 2019a. IHS Enhanced Pipeline Data (digital file). Calgary, AB. Received: via FTP at https://ftga.ihs.com/webclient/WebClient.jsf, visit http://www.ihs.com for more info. Acquired: December 2, 2019. Update Interval: Monthly.

IHS Inc. 2019b. IHS Facility Data (digital file). Calgary, AB. Received: via FTP at https://ftga.ihs.com/webclient/WebClient.jsf, visit http://www.ihs.com for more info. Acquired: December 2, 2019. Update Interval: Monthly.

IHS Inc. 2019c. IHS Wells - Surface Hole (digital file). Calgary, AB. Received: via FTP at https://ftga.ihs.com/webclient/WebClient.jsf, visit http://www.ihs.com for more info. Acquired: December 2, 2019. Update Interval: Monthly.

Journeay, J.M., S.P. Williams and J.O. Wheeler. 2000. Tectonic assemblage map, Vancouver, British Columbia GSC Open File 2948a. Geological Survey of Canada.

Meidinger D. and J. Pojar. 1991. Ecosystems of British Columbia. Special Report Series No. 6. Research Branch and Forest Sciences Section of the BC Ministry of Forests. Victoria, BC. Website: http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Srs/Srs06.pdf. Accessed January 2020.

Mentiga Pedology Consultants Ltd. (Mentiga). 2013. Soils Technical Report for the Trans Mountain Expansion Project. Prepared for Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC. December 2013.

Monger, J.W.H. 1989. Geology Hope Open File 41-1989. Geological Survey of Canada.

National Energy Board (NEB). 2016. Report to the Minister of Natural Resources: Best Available Technologies in Federally-Regulated Pipelines. https://www.cer- rec.gc.ca/bts/pblctn/bstvlbltchnlg/rprt/bstvlbltchnlgrprt-eng.pdf. Accessed: December 2019.

NatureServe. 2019. NatureServe Explorer - Global Conservation Status Definitions. http://explorer.natureserve.org/granks.htm . Accessed January 2020.

NatureServe. 2020. NatureServe Explorer - An Online Encyclopedia of Life. http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/index.htm. Accessed January 2020.

Natural Resources Canada (NRCan). 2009a. Permafrost. The Atlas of Canada, 6th Edition. Online map. https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/dc7107c0-8893-11e0-aa10-6cf049291510. Accessed December 2019.

Natural Resources Canada (NRCan). 2009b. Major Landslides Causing Fatalities. The Atlas of Canada, 6th Edition. Online map. The Atlas of Canada, 6th Edition. https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/dda14a5e-8893-11e0-bbc6-6cf049291510. Accessed December 2019.

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Natural Resources Canada (NRCan). 2019. Important Canadian Earthquakes. Online map. Available online: http://www.earthquakescanada.nrcan.gc.ca/historic-historique/map-carte-en.php. Accessed December 2019.

Pipeline Abandonment Steering Committee. 1996. Environmental and Technical Issues Associated with Pipeline Abandonment – Discussion Paper. Calgary AB.

Province of British Columbia (BC). 2020. BC Major Projects Inventory as of June 30, 2019. https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/employment-business/economic-development/industry/bc- major-projects-inventory. Accessed January 2020.

Regional District of Fraser-Cheam. 1989. Bylaw No. 801 - Zoning Bylaw for the Rural Portions of Electoral Area “B”. Amendments as of April 28, 2015. https://www.fvrd.ca/assets/Government/Documents/Bylaws/Planning~and~Land~Use/Area%20B %20-%20Zoning%20Bylaw%20801%20-%20Rural%20Portions.pdf. Accessed December 2019.

Sanborn, P., Lamontagne, L. and Hendershot, W. 2011. Podzolic soils of Canada: Genesis, distribution, and classification. Can. J. Soil Sci. 91: 843-880.

Statistics Canada. 2017a. Fraser Valley B, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Fraser Valley, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia [Province] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Released November 29, 2017. https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp- pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5909016&Geo2=CD&Code2=5909&Sear chText=fraser%20valley&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1&type=0. Accessed December 2019.

Statistics Canada. 2017b. Hope, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Fraser Valley, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia [Province] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Released November 29, 2017. https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census- recensement/2016/dp- pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=5909009&Geo2=CD&Code2=5909&Sear chText=hope&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1&type=0. Accessed December 2019.

The Ramsar Convention Secretariat. 2014. The Ramsar Sites. Country Profiles: Canada. https://www.ramsar.org/wetland/canada. Accessed December 2019.

Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat. 2019. Federal Contaminated Sites Inventory - Version 13.0. https://map-carte.tbs-sct.gc.ca/map-carte/fcsi-rscf/map- carte.aspx?Language=EN&qid=1937&backto=www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/fcsi-rscf/fsi-isf/00003160- eng.aspx&FSI=00003160. Accessed December 2019.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. 2018. Biosphere Reserves, Europe and North America. http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/ecological- sciences/biosphere-reserves/europe-north-america/. Last updated July 2018. Accessed December 2019.

Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network (WHSRN). 2019. Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network Sites. Google Earth (kmz) file, last updated March 2019. Available at https://whsrn.org/whsrn-sites/map-of-sites/. Accessed December 2019.

8.2 GIS Data and Mapping References This subsection includes references cited on the figures accompanying this report.

BC Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations. 2019. Municipalities - Legally Defined Administrative Areas of BC (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available:

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https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/e3c3c580-996a-4668-8bc5-6aa7c7dc4932. Acquired: December 2019. Last Update Check: December 6, 2019.

BC Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations. 2015. Digital Road Atlas (DRA) - Master Partially Attributed Road Data (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available: https://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/dwds/home.so. Acquired: December 2015. Last Update Check: December 15, 2015.

BC Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations. 2018. Freshwater Atlas Lakes (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available: https://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/dwds/home.so. Acquired: January 2018. Last Update Check: January 18, 2018.

BC Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations. 2018. BC Freshwater Atlas Rivers (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available: https://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/dwds/home.so. Acquired: January 2018. Last Update Check: January 19, 2018.

BC Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations. 2014. BC Freshwater Atlas Stream Network (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available: https://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/dwds/home.so. Acquired: July 2011. Last Update Check: January 20, 2014.

BC Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations. 2019. Tantalis Parks, Ecological Reserves and Protected Areas (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available:https://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/dwds/home.so. Acquired: March 2019. Last Update Check: December 6, 2019.

ESRI. 2020. ESRI World Imagery map service (digital file). Redlands, CA. Available: via ArcGIS Online, visit http://goto.arcgisonline.com/maps/World_Imagery. Web Map Service Layer Credits: Esri, DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS, USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, and the GIS User Community. Accessed Online January 2, 2020.

Government of Canada. 2019. Aboriginal Lands, Canada (digital file). Edmonton, AB. Available: http://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/522b07b9-78e2-4819-b736-ad9208eb1067Acquired: December 2019. Last Update Check: December 6, 2019.

Kinder Morgan Canada. 2012. Baseline Routing (digital file). Calgary, AB. Received via FTP. Acquired: May 9, 2012. Last Update Check: N/A.

Natural Resources Canada. 2012. CanVec -Transportation - 1020009 Railway (digital file). Sherbrooke, QC. Available: http://geogratis.cgdi.gc.ca/geogratis/en/download/topographic.html. Acquired: June 2012. Last Update Check: November 2012.

Natural Resources Canada. 2015. Canadian Geographical Names (digital file). Ottawa, ON. Available: http://ftp2.cits.rncan.gc.ca/pub/geobase/official/cgn/. Acquired: December 2015. Last Update Check: December 15, 2015.

TERA Environmental Consultants. 2010. Hillshade. Derived from Natural Resources Canada, Earth Sciences Sector, Centre for Topographic Information. 2000-2008. Canadian Digital Elevation Data 250k (digital files). Sherbrooke, QC. Available: http://www.geobase.ca/geobase/en/data/cded/index.html. Acquired: 2008. Last Update Check: December 2010.

Universal Pegasus International. 2019. Coquihalla River Crossing 15/16 Pipeline Replacement Points and Centrelines. Calgary, AB. Received via FTP. Acquired: December 16, 2019. Last Update Check: N/A.

Universal Pegasus International. 2019. Proposed KPs, Centerline, Project footprint SSEID005.21 Spread 5B (digital files). Calgary, AB. Received via FTP. Acquired: March 12, 2019. Last Update Check: N/A.

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APPENDIX A

DECOMMISSIONING ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PLAN

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PLAN (DECOMMISSIONING) FOR THE TRANS MOUNTAIN COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO. 15 AND 16 PIPELINE REPLACEMENT PROJECT

January 2020 REV 0 CE733700 01-13283-GG-0000-EV-RPT-0190

Prepared for:

Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Suite 2700, 300 – 5th Avenue S.W. Calgary, Alberta T2P 5J2 Ph: 403-514-6400

Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

Abbreviation/Acronym Full Name °C degree(s) Celsius BC British Columbia BC ENV British Columbia Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy BC MFLNRORD British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development BC OGC British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission CER Canada Energy Regulator CER Act Canadian Energy Regulator Act cm centimetre(s) CWD coarse woody debris EAS Environmental Alignment Sheet ECCC Environment and Climate Change Canada EHS Trans Mountain’s Environmental, Health and Safety Management System EPP Environmental Protection Plan ESA Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment GBPU Grizzly Bear Population Unit ha hectare(s) km kilometre(s) KP Kilometre Post m metre(s) m3 cubic metre(s) ML/ARD Metal Leaching and Acid Rock Drainage mm millimetre(s) NEB National Energy Board NEB OPR National Energy Board Onshore Pipeline Regulation O.D. outside diameter PAG potentially acid generating the Project Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 Pipeline Replacement Project TLU Traditional Land Use TMEP Trans Mountain Expansion Project TMPL Trans Mountain Pipeline (existing) Trans Mountain Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC is a general partner of Trans Mountain Pipeline L.P., which is operated by Trans Mountain Canada Inc. TWS temporary workspace UTM Universal Transverse Mercator (coordinate system) WHA Wildlife Habitat Area WQM Water Quality Monitoring WSA Water Sustainability Act

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GLOSSARY

Term Definition access road Access roads include new temporary and permanent roads and existing roads that may require upgrades or improvements. For ease of assessing Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 Replacement Pipeline Project (the Project) interactions, this includes the access roads to be developed as part of temporary lands and infrastructure, as well as those accesses associated with reactivation. adequate Defined as sufficient for a specific need or requirement (e.g., in terms of soil separation, adequate separation is defined as no admixing of topsoil and subsoil.) air quality A measure of the chemical pollutant loading in the atmosphere. As a measure or metric, it is generally related to human health endpoints, odour thresholds or environmental effects that are developed and regulated by Appropriate Government Authorities. Ambient air quality objectives or standards have been developed to reflect the more stringent effect and measured or predicted levels are commonly compared to these values as a gauge of compliance as well as the degree of quality of the air. Appropriate Government The regulators that will be consulted prior to and during decommissioning regarding approvals, notifications, constraints Authority and the direction of activities. Canada Energy Regulator An independent Federal agency established in 2019 to replace the previous National Energy Board (NEB) to regulate (CER) international and interprovincial pipelines and associated facilities. cementitious grout A mixture of cement, sand and water. clean-up Following backfill of the trench, machine and final clean-up will be conducted to remove decommissioning debris and materials, re-establish the grade and replace topsoil within the pipeline footprint to a stable condition acceptable for operational requirements. Re-vegetation will follow final clean-up. clearing The harvest and removal of merchantable and non-merchantable timber. coarse woody debris Also referred to as rollback, are pieces of woody material greater than 7.5 cm in diameter within a minimum length of 2 m, although larger diameter and longer pieces are preferable for reclamation. In addition to the aforementioned, may also include larger branches, sections of tree boles or stumps with root wads and include a variety of decay classes from various species. competent sod layer A relatively uniform grassland cover consisting of native (and/or tame) upland grass species that produces a compact, coherent mass of soil and root materials combined when digging, excavating or plowing through upper (Ah or Ap layers) soil horizons. Contractor The main company contracted for the coordination, supervision and completion of the Project. culvert A water conveyance structure. Refers to both engineered culverts and flumes. Environment, Health and This refers to Trans Mountain Canada Inc.’s Environment, Health and Safety Management System which has been Safety Policy adopted by the Project. This is the formalization of Trans Mountain’s commitment to conduct business in a safe and environmentally responsible manner supported through a series of commitments (Trans Mountain 2017a) Environmental Alignment A series of maps noting the locations of select environmental features that are encountered by the pipeline footprint, Sheets associated potential issues and recommended mitigation measures. environmental feature Environmental feature includes rare plants and rare ecological communities, wildlife species at risk, wildlife habitat, archaeological features, Traditional Land Use sites and any other sensitive environmental or cultural features. feasible Capable of being reasonably accomplished or brought about, given environmental and economic considerations. Footprint Project Footprint: includes the area directly disturbed by surveying, decommissioning, clean-up and operation of the (i.e., Decommissioning pipeline, as well as associated physical works and activities (including the temporary lands and infrastructure, the Footprint, Project Footprint, pipeline, reactivation, facilities, the Westridge Marine Terminal and access roads). For clarity, specific components of the pipeline footprint) Project Footprint are further described by Trans Mountain as follows: • Temporary lands and infrastructure refers to preparatory works to support Project construction and includes temporary camps, stockpile sites, equipment staging areas and borrow pits as well as access roads within the first 10 km of each designated construction spread. For ease of assessing Project interactions, these access roads are considered as part of the overall access road network. • Pipeline footprint refers to the total area used to decommission the pipeline and includes the right-of-way and temporary workspace. • Reactivation of currently deactivated pipeline segments include an engineering assessment under Section 45 of the National Energy Board (NEB Onshore Pipeline Regulations (NEB OPR) and associated construction activities. Currently known ground disturbance activities and associated access (as of December 2016), were assessed to determine the Project interactions. For ease of assessing Project interactions, these access roads were considered as part of the overall access road network. Facilities refer to pump stations, terminals (Burnaby, Edmonton and Sumas), and associated infrastructure (i.e., traps), most of which are located on land that has been previously disturbed. Westridge Marine Terminal has infrastructure located on land and in the marine environment and is included in the Facilities component of the Project. Access roads include new temporary and permanent roads and existing roads that may require upgrades or improvements. For ease of assessing Project interactions, this includes the access roads to be developed as part of temporary lands and infrastructure, as well as those accesses associated with reactivation. grubbing Removal and disposal of remaining tree stumps, roots, surface woody debris and lesser vegetation after the clearing of trees. KP Describes distances measured along the centreline of the pipeline. merchantable timber Timber that will be salvaged and meets the minimum salvage specifications.

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Term Definition mitigation measures Measures for the elimination, reduction or control of a project’s adverse environmental effects, including restitution for any damage to the environment caused by such effects through replacement, reclamation, compensation or any other means. NEB An independent Federal agency established in 1959 by the Parliament of Canada to regulate international and interprovincial pipelines and associated facilities. Replaced by the CER in 2019. non-salvageable timber Timber that does not meet the minimum salvage specifications and will not be processed or used during pipeline decommissioning. Noxious weeds A plant designated in accordance with the regulations as a Noxious weed and includes the plant’s seeds. A person will control a Noxious weed that is on land the person owns or occupies (British Columbia [BC] Weed Control Act). practical Capable of or suitable to being put into effect, given environmental and economic consideration. reclamation Following final clean-up, the re-establishment of the disturbed areas to natural ecosystems that are compositionally and functionally similar to the native plant community that occurred pre-disturbance, or a vegetative cover compatible with surrounding vegetation and land uses. right-of-way A legally defined strip of land with defined boundaries in which the pipeline extends through properties owned by others. salvageable timber Merchantable timber without a market or non-merchantable timber salvaged for use during and after pipeline decommissioning. secondary containment Refers to a means of surrounding a primary storage container to collect hazardous materials to prevent release to the environment (e.g., spill trays, bermed area lined with an impervious polyethylene liner, double walled tanks) sensitive terrain From a physical perspective, landscapes susceptible to anthropogenic disturbance (e.g., erodible soils, hydrological limitations and unstable surficial features related to aspect, slope or grades). From an ecological or environmental perspective, landscapes containing important ecosystems or ecosystem features, (e.g., rare plant communities, riparian or wildlife [species at risk] habitats and wetland areas). shoo-flies Vehicle and equipment access to the pipeline footprint from each side of a feature where vehicle and equipment travel on the right-of-way is not practical. species of concern Refers to wildlife species that have increased potential to be affected by Project activities due to spatial or temporal overlap with the Project during sensitive life stages and therefore may have identified setbacks and timing windows. species at risk Refers to those wildlife species listed as Special Concern, Threatened or Endangered Federally on Schedule 1 of the Species at Risk Act and/or by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, and Red- or Blue-listed in BC or listed under the BC Wildlife Act. spread Defined sections of the pipeline that correlate with specific KPs. There are seven defined spreads. spoil Excavated subsoil from the pipe trench. topsoil Includes the upper layer of soil, usually the top 10-40 cm in agricultural areas and the upper layer of soil/duff in non- agricultural areas. It has the highest concentration of organic matter and micro-organisms and is distinct from subsoil, usually by colour. Trans Mountain Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC is a general partner of Trans Mountain Pipeline L.P., which is operated by Trans Mountain Canada Inc. “Trans Mountain” used throughout the document may also refer to individuals and Contractors working at Trans Mountain. trenchless crossing Crossing method allowing for guided installation of a pipeline along a prescribed bore path by using a surface-launched drilling rig having minimal effect on the surrounding area. Commonly used for watercourse or dense infrastructure crossings. Includes horizontal directional drill and direct bores. warranted Justify or necessitate a course of action. wetland A swamp, marsh, bog, fen or other similar area that supports natural vegetation which is distinct from the adjacent upland areas and may have up to 2 m of standing water. work area Defined sections of the pipeline that correlate with the Contractor’s scope of work.

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... I GLOSSARY ...... II 1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1-1 1.1 Project Description ...... 1-1 1.2 Purpose ...... 1-4 2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PLAN ORGANIZATION ...... 2-1 3.0 CONSULTATION AND ENGAGEMENT ...... 3-1 4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE ...... 4-1 4.1 Introduction ...... 4-1 4.2 Objectives ...... 4-9 4.3 Potential Permits, Approvals and Authorizations ...... 4-11 5.0 NOTIFICATION OF INTERESTED PARTIES ...... 5-1 5.1 Introduction ...... 5-1 5.2 Objectives ...... 5-1 6.0 PRE-DECOMMISSIONING ACTIVITIES ...... 6-1 6.1 Introduction ...... 6-1 6.2 Objectives ...... 6-1 7.0 GENERAL PIPELINE DECOMMISSIONING MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 7-1 7.1 Introduction ...... 7-1 7.2 Objective ...... 7-1 8.0 SURVEY AND CLEARING ...... 8-1 8.1 Introduction ...... 8-1 8.2 Objective ...... 8-1 9.0 TOPSOIL HANDLING AND GRADING ...... 9-1 9.1 Introduction ...... 9-1 9.2 Objective ...... 9-1 10.0 PIPELINE DECOMMISSIONING ACTIVITIES ...... 10-1 10.1 Introduction ...... 10-1 10.2 Objective ...... 10-1 11.0 BACKFILLING ...... 11-1 11.1 Introduction ...... 11-1 11.2 Objectives ...... 11-1 12.0 DECOMMISSIONING CLEAN-UP AND RECLAMATION ...... 12-1 12.1 Introduction ...... 12-1 12.2 Objectives ...... 12-1 12.2.1 Machine Clean-Up ...... 12-1 12.2.2 Final Clean-Up ...... 12-2 13.0 REFERENCES ...... 13-1 13.1 Literature Cited ...... 13-1 13.2 GIS Data and Mapping References ...... 13-2

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A Contacts ...... A-1 Appendix B Contingency Plans ...... B-1 Appendix C Environmental Alignment Sheets ...... C-1 Appendix D Drawings ...... D-1

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1 Regional Overview ...... 1-3

LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1 Technical Details of the Trans Mountain Pipeline Segment to be Decommissioned ...... 1-2 Table 4-1 Site-Specific Environmental Information and Mitigation for Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 ...... 4-2 Table 4-2 Site-Specific Environmental Information and Mitigation for Coquihalla River Crossing No.16 ...... 4-6 Table 4-3 Potential Federal Environmental Permits, Approvals and Authorizations ...... 4-11 Table 4-4 Potential Provincial Environmental Permits, Approvals and Authorizations ...... 4-12

LIST OF DRAWINGS Drawing D-1 Narrow Down Fencing...... D-3 Drawing D-2 Sediment Fence ...... D-4 Drawing D-3 Topsoil Salvage in Forest – Full Width ...... D-5 Drawing D-4 Topsoil Salvage (Graded) – Non-Frozen ...... D-7 Drawing D-5 Topsoil Salvage on All Land Uses – Blade Width ...... D-9 Drawing D-6 Rollback ...... D-11 Drawing D-7 Erosion and Sediment Control - Coir/Straw Log Installation ...... D-12 Drawing D-8 Erosion Control – Matting ...... D-13 Drawing D-9 Erosion Control - Brush Wind Barrier ...... D-14

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

1.0 INTRODUCTION Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC (Trans Mountain) is applying to the Canada Energy Regulator (CER) (formerly, the National Energy Board [NEB]) for authorizations pursuant to Section 214 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act (CER Act) and Section 45.1 of the NEB Onshore Pipeline Regulation (NEB OPR) to replace two pipeline segments where the existing Trans Mountain Pipeline (TMPL) crosses the Coquihalla River (Figure 1-1). To ensure the safe operation and long-term integrity of the pipeline system, Trans Mountain will replace two 609.60 mm O.D. pipeline segments, referred to as Coquihalla River Crossings No. 15 and No. 16, and decommission the associated segments in-place.

The Coquihalla River Crossings No. 15 and 16 Pipeline Replacement Project (the Project) will involve open- cut construction in the Coquihalla River (isolated open-cut and open-cut without isolation at Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and No. 16, respectively), and open trench construction on either side of the river. The replacement pipeline segments will parallel the Trans Mountain Expansion Project (TMEP) (Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity OC65). The trench at each crossing will be sized to accommodate the installation of the new replacement 609.6 mm (24-inch) O.D. pipeline segment as well as the approved 914.4 mm (36-inch) O.D. TMEP pipeline. Project-specific activities are operational in nature and separate from TMEP (i.e., the existing pipeline replacements would occur, regardless); however, construction of the replacement pipeline will be carried out simultaneously with TMEP-specific construction activities to minimize potential environmental and socio-economic effects.

Pending regulatory approval, Project activities are scheduled to begin in August 2020. Following construction, the replacement pipeline segments will tie-in to the existing TMPL and be placed in-service. The existing pipeline will be decommissioned in-place under the Coquihalla River following the successful tie-in and commissioning of the replacement pipeline segments. Design, construction and operation of the Project will be conducted in compliance with all applicable codes, standards and regulations.

1.1 Project Description The Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is located on Crown and fee-simple lands in a remote setting approximately 10 km northwest of the District of Hope, British Columbia (BC) within the Fraser Valley Regional District (Figure 21 of this ESA). The existing Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is approximately 200 m in length with young mixedwood forest located on either side of the crossing. This existing pipeline segment parallels Highway 5 (i.e., the Coquihalla Highway). The Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is identified as KP 1,000.31 on the existing TMPL system.

The Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is located on Crown, fee-simple and Trans Mountain-owned land in an urban setting within the District of Hope, BC (Figure 1 of this EPP) adjacent to the Old Hope-Princeton Highway. The existing Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is approximately 215 m in length with previously disturbed, privately-owned land on both sides of the Coquihalla River. The Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is identified as KP 1,011.36 on the existing TMPL system.

Approximately 580 m of the existing pipeline crossing will be decommissioned immediately following the successful tie-in of the replacement pipeline. Product will be displaced from the existing crossing, the pipeline will be cleaned, and the ends will be cut and capped. In accordance with CSA Z662-19, product will be displaced from the segments of existing pipeline, and then cleaned (CSA 2019). A blind flange will be installed, and the pipeline will be left in-place. The existing pipeline segments will be filled with cementitious grout (i.e., mixture of cement, sand and water). This is necessary to ensure the pipe does not become buoyant, and reduces the likelihood of the decommissioned pipeline segments left in-place deteriorating and creating ground subsidence issues.

Approximately 280 m of existing pipeline will be decommissioned at the Coquihalla River Crossing No.15, including 110 m underneath the river that will be decommissioned in-place and filled with cementitious grout (mixture of cement, sand and water), and 170 m that will be removed. Approximately 70 m and 100 m will be removed from upstream and downstream of the river, respectively.

Approximately 300 m of existing pipeline will be decommissioned at the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16, including 140 m underneath the river that will be decommissioned in-place and filled with cementitious grout, and 160 m that will be removed (80 m upstream and 80 m downstream).

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

Technical details of the pipeline decommissioning are provided in Table 1-1. A list of Provincial and Federal permits required for completion of the Project is provided in Section 4.3 of this EPP.

TABLE 1-1

TECHNICAL DETAILS OF THE TRANS MOUNTAIN PIPELINE SEGMENT TO BE DECOMMISSIONED

Component Coquihalla No. 15 Technical Details Coquihalla No. 16 Technical Details Total Length (in-place and removed): Approximately 280 m Approximately 300 m In-place: 110 m 140 m Removed: 170 m 160 m Cut and Cap Locations: A-96-F/92-H-6 and D-86-F/92-H-6 A-54-E/92-H-6 and C-44-E/92-H-6 Product: Low Vapour Pressure liquid hydrocarbon Pipe Coatings: Coal tar enamel Pipe Size: 609.60 mm O.D. (Nominal Pipe Size 24) Footprint: Decommissioning activities will occur at both ends of the pipeline segment within the same Footprint as that to be used during construction of the pipeline replacement segment. The area necessary at each end to access the pipeline and perform the tasks associated with decommissioning will include both existing right-of-way and TWS. Purge Material: Inert gas (i.e., nitrogen) Fill Material: Cementitious grout

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!. 616000 620000 !. ¯ OP5 SWAHLISEAH 14 !. KP 998 !. KP 1028 5476000 5476000

!. KP 999 TRAFALGAR !. FLAT 13 KP 1029

Coquihalla River !.KP 1000 KP 1030!. Crossing 15 !.KL 1000 + 228 !.

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616000 620000

Watercourse Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

This Environmental Protection Plan (EPP) is based on:

• Trans Mountain’s Environment, Health and Safety Policy;

• the ESA for the Project;

• results of the biophysical and engineering field programs completed to date;

• results of supplemental biophysical studies completed in Q4 2018;

• feedback obtained, to date, through consultation;

• Trans Mountain’s commitments made in the ESA, to Appropriate Government Authorities and to the public;

• Trans Mountain’s operations and maintenance experience over the past 60 years conducting pipeline replacement projects;

• industry-accepted standards and procedure documents (e.g., Pipeline Associated Watercourse Crossings [CAPP et al. 2012]); and

• professional experience based upon over 30 years of pipeline planning in western Canada.

Trans Mountain anticipates that decommissioning activities will be completed following the successful commissioning of the replacement pipeline and are anticipated to commence at a later date during a scheduled mainline service outage required to facilitate such activities. Decommissioning of the existing pipeline is anticipated to take approximately 2 weeks. Clean-up activities will occur immediately after the decommissioning of the existing pipeline.

1.2 Purpose The purpose of the EPP is to communicate Trans Mountain’s environmental procedures and mitigation measures to field and decommissioning personnel in a clear and concise format. These environmental procedures and mitigation measures will be implemented during decommissioning of the pipeline and associated components to mitigate, avoid or reduce potential adverse environmental effects.

Specifically, the EPP:

• identifies mitigation measures to be implemented during pipeline decommissioning activities;

• provides instructions for carrying out decommissioning activities in a manner that will avoid or reduce adverse environmental effects; and

• serves as reference information to support decision-making and provides direction to more detailed information (i.e., resource-specific mitigation and management and contingency plans).

The EPP has been prepared to primarily address decommissioning activities during frozen and non-frozen soil conditions. There may be a need to revise specific measures as a result of ongoing regulatory consultation and Indigenous group engagement. Should such a situation arise, Trans Mountain will resolve the issue with the Construction Manager and Environmental Inspector in consultation with the Appropriate Government Authority and Resource Specialists if applicable (e.g., Wildlife Biologist) in accordance with the process outlined in Section 4.0 of this EPP.

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PLAN ORGANIZATION This section provides an overview of the organization and scope of the EPP.

The EPP identifies the mitigation measures that may be implemented during pre-decommissioning, decommissioning and post-decommissioning activities associated with the Project, as well as contingency plans to address potential effects, events or conditions that may arise during decommissioning.

Environmental mitigation measures are identified under the "Measures" heading by "Activity/Concern" in accordance with the progression of decommissioning activities. The Environmental Alignment Sheets (EAS) (Appendix C of this EPP) identify specific locations where mitigation measures are to be implemented during pipeline decommissioning. Locations along the pipeline are referred to by KPs.

The EPP provides:

• an understanding of the general environmental and socio-economic background of the pipeline footprint;

• the extent and limitations of the EPP;

• information to identify specific or unique mitigation measures to be implemented to address environmental and socio-economic issues associated with pipeline decommissioning; and

• general mitigation measures or industry-accepted standards and procedures that are typically applied to a pipeline project; these measures are generally provided in accordance with the sequence of decommissioning of the pipeline or grouped by Project component.

This EPP is comprised of the following sections and Appendices.

• Section 1.0 Introduction provides an overview to the Project and outlines the purpose of the EPP.

• Section 2.0 Environmental Protection Plan Organization provides details on the layout and general scope of the EPP.

• Section 3.0 Consultation and Engagement provides details on the consultation and engagement program conducted for the Project.

• Section 4.0 Environmental Compliance provides information regarding the tools, decision-making processes and documentation to facilitate compliance with all legislation, regulatory approvals, permits, commitments and the specific requirements set forth in the EPP.

• Section 5.0 Notification of Interested Parties provides details pertaining to specific activities to be followed to ensure that all Appropriate Government Authorities, Indigenous groups, landowners and applicable interested parties are properly notified before beginning pipeline decommissioning activities or, as warranted, during the decommissioning period.

• Section 6.0 Pre-Decommissioning Activities outlines the mitigation measures that may be implemented before beginning decommissioning activities of the pipeline and associated components. These measures include: delineations of the pipeline footprint and all access including shoo-flies; identification and marking of environmental resources; underground utilities; and pre-decommissioning vegetation management of potentially weed-infested lands.

• Section 7.0 General Pipeline Decommissioning Mitigation Measures provides an overview of the general measures that may be implemented during the decommissioning phase of the pipeline in all work areas.

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

• Section 8.0 Survey and Clearing provides mitigation measures to be implemented by Trans Mountain, its Contractors, and Subcontractors during the surveying and vegetation clearing phase of pipeline decommissioning.

• Section 9.0 Topsoil Handling and Grading provides mitigation measures to be employed during topsoil handling and grading to avoid or reduce effects on topsoil productivity, surface drainage patterns and to conserve surface material to facilitate reclamation of disturbed areas.

• Section 10.0 Pipeline Decommissioning Activities provides mitigation measures to be considered to avoid and reduce the potential environmental effects associated with pipeline decommissioning.

• Section 11.0 Backfilling outlines the mitigation measures that will be implemented during backfilling of the trench with the goal of protecting the pipeline and preventing subsidence of the trench, ensuring excavated materials from the trench are properly replaced, properly re-establishing subsurface drainage and facilitating cross right-of-way drainage.

• Section 12.0 Decommissioning Clean-up and Reclamation provides mitigation measures to be employed during the clean-up and reclamation phase of the Project with the goal of returning the pipeline footprint to a condition similar to pre-decommissioning. Specific goals and procedures outlined in Section 12.0 include removal of decommissioning debris and materials, re-establishment of the pipeline footprint to a stable condition acceptable for operational requirements, effective use of reclamation techniques that prevent surface material loss due to wind and water erosion, establishment of native grasses and vegetation and the maintenance of equivalent land productivity to ensure that the ability of the land to support various land uses is similar to the uses that existed prior to decommissioning.

• Section 13.0 References lists the sources and reference material used to create the mitigation measures and strategies cited in the EPP.

• Appendices to the EPP include the following.

- Appendix A of this EPP (Contacts) provides the contact information of the Trans Mountain Control Centre and Appropriate Government Authorities to be consulted or contacted in an emergency.

- Appendix B of this EPP (Contingency Plans) provides measures to mitigate potential environmental effects that are not anticipated to occur during decommissioning activities.

- Appendix C of this EPP (EAS) outlines the environmental considerations at the Coquihalla River Crossings No. 15 and No. 16.

- Appendix D of this EPP (Drawings) provides drawings for specific environmental protection measures to be implemented.

Information provided in the appendices is designed to support the specific mitigation measures identified throughout the EPP and to provide guidance to decision-making processes, should conditions arise that warrant implementation of remedial or contingency measures.

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

3.0 CONSULTATION AND ENGAGEMENT The Project is located in the Fraser Valley Regional District, on Crown land. The Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 is located approximately 10 km northwest of the District of Hope, BC, and the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 16 is within the District of Hope, BC in an urban setting. While there are no private landowners associated with the Project Footprint, there are interest holders, as listed in the ESA for the Project.

Over the course of October 2019, Trans Mountain provided potentially-affected persons and communities an information package describing the proposed activities and execution methodology, locations and maps, anticipated environmental and socio-economic effects and management and mitigation measures that it intends to rely on. Trans Mountain included contact information and CER resources that are available to assist interested parties in understanding the regulatory process and options for participation. Upon providing the information package to potentially-affected persons and communities, Trans Mountain followed-up to inquire as to whether there were any Project-specific questions or concerns. Trans Mountain commenced early engagement activities in October 2019. An information package was provided to potentially-affected persons and communities. The CER initially provided Trans Mountain a Project-specific Traditional Territory Analysis in December 2017, which was updated in August 2019.

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE 4.1 Introduction Environmental compliance is facilitated through sharing of information, providing orientations/training, retaining qualified personnel and providing on-site inspection of activities through a proactive and adaptive inspection program.

During decommissioning, it may be necessary to modify or create new procedures to address site conditions not previously identified in this EPP. Field-based decision-making and Project-approved contingency plans will be implemented to address unexpected conditions.

Project-specific environmental considerations and mitigation measures are summarized in Table 4-1.

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 Pipeline Replacement Project January 2020/CE733700

TABLE 4-1

SITE-SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION AND MITIGATION FOR COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO. 15

Traditional Land and Resource Use Feature ID Description KP Range (Buffered) Site-Specific Mitigation STÓ:LŌ SITE Review the location of the traditional plant gathering site prior to construction activities to determine whether the site will be impacted. (STÓ:LŌ-1614) 1000.228 to 1000.349 If the site will be impacted, notify the affected Indigenous group a minimum of 4 weeks prior to construction and provide the opportunity to harvest traditional plants. STÓ:LŌ SITE (STÓ:LŌ-2863) 1000.228 to 1000.510 STÓ:LŌ SITE (STÓ:LŌ-1614) 1000.367 to 1000.395 Wildlife Recommended Construction Feature Info1 KP Range2 Work Window3 Site-Specific Mitigation Migratory Bird Nesting 1000.228 to 1000.510 August 17 to March 25 (Nesting • Schedule clearing and construction activities outside of the bird nesting period, where feasible. Zone A1a period: March 26 to August 16) • In the event clearing or construction activities are scheduled to occur within the migratory bird nesting period, Wildlife Resource Specialists will use non-intrusive methods to conduct an area search within 7 days of activity for evidence of nesting (e.g., presence of territorial males, alarm calls, distraction displays, adults carrying nesting material/food) where suitable nesting habitat is present, as determined by an Environmental Inspector or Wildlife Resource Specialist. In the event an active nest is found, the nest will be subject to site-specific mitigation measures (e.g., clearly marked species-specific buffer around the nest or non-intrusive monitoring). Engage a Wildlife Resource Specialist to monitor the nest during activity to ensure disturbance to nesting is avoided where site-specific circumstances may permit a reduction in the protective buffer (e.g., adequate barrier exists between the nest and Project activities that effectively reduces sensory disturbance from the Project). If monitoring indicates Project activities are causing disturbance of an active nest (i.e., considerable behavioural changes from baseline), work will be modified or temporarily halted and corrective measures will be implemented (e.g., increase in protective buffer, modification of Project activities within the buffer). The appropriate mitigation measures will be determined by an Environmental Inspector, in consultation with a Wildlife Resource Specialist. Bear Management 1000.228 to 1000.510 - For all GBPUs: Areas GBPU (North • Report any sightings of bears to the Environmental Inspector. The Environmental Inspector is responsible for immediately reporting all “incidents” (i.e., unexpected encounter, bear reacts assertively) to the Appropriate Government Authorities. Cascades) (i.e., BC ENV [Conservation Officer Service] and BC MFLNRORD). Ensure all observations of grizzly bears (i.e., sighting and incidents) are documented on a wildlife sighting card and shared with the Appropriate Government Authorities. • All field personnel that will be on the pipeline construction footprint in locations with potential to encounter bears will receive bear awareness training. • In the event a grizzly bear is observed or a grizzly bear den is discovered, implement the Wildlife Species of Concern Encounter and Discovery Contingency Plan (see Appendix B of the Pipeline EPP). • Trans Mountain will consult with a Wildlife Resource Specialist in the event a grizzly bear den is found on the Project Footprint to discuss available measures. • Coordinate access and new clearing requirements with other industrial users in the area to minimize human activity within grizzly bear habitat. • Deactivate and reclaim temporary construction access that does not have a third-party disposition, to native vegetation. Implement access controls on deactivated temporary roads. • Where rollback is needed for access management, erosion control or habitat enhancement, ensure that a sufficient supply of rollback is set aside for this purpose during final clean-up. • Avoid agronomic species (e.g., clover, legumes) that may attract bears to the Project Footprint. North Cascades GBPUs: • A camp-specific human-conflict management plan will be developed for temporary Project camps in BC prior to camp occupancy and will include site-specific measures to be implemented to mitigate potential human-wildlife conflicts. Trans Mountain will share the camp- specific human-conflict management plans with BC ENV and BC MFLNRORD prior to installation of camps. • A Wildlife Monitor will be engaged only in situations where there is high potential for a human-wildlife encounter (e.g., bears), and their presence will be determined by the Contractor and Environmental Inspector. Wildlife Monitors will not be armed. • Avoid disturbance of occupied grizzly bear dens by completing Project activities in the North Cascades GBPU outside the winter denning period. - For bear sightings with the North Cascades GBPU also contact the Hope Mountain Learning Centre at: 1.855.464.7479 (http://hopemountain.org/conservation/grizzly-bear-reporting/; http://www.coasttocascades.org/sightings). Sowaqua Spotted Owl 1000.324 to 1000.510 - Prior to Clearing and Construction: WHA (WFA-37) • Three spotted owl surveys for two consecutive years must be completed prior to clearing and construction, including one survey within the same year of planned activity. No spotted owls were detected during the surveys completed in 2013, 2015, 2016, 2017 or 2018. Spotted owl surveys will be completed in 2019. Consult with BC MFLNRORD prior to Project activity within the Sowaqua Spotted Owl WHA. • Prior to clearing, a Wildlife Resource Specialist, in consultation with the Environmental Inspector, will identify suitable nest trees located within the Project Footprint for replacement and retention. Identify those trees located on the edge of the Project Footprint that can be avoided where their retention will not affect construction, operations or safety requirements. Where suitable nest trees are identified for retention, retain adjacent trees where feasible to protect the structural integrity of the nest tree from blow-down, where their retention will not affect construction, operations or safety requirements. The retention of these trees will be approved by the Environmental Inspector and the Construction Manager to ensure safety requirements are met. Clearly mark locations where clearing is to be narrowed or avoided to retain identified trees. • Complete danger tree assessments on the edge of the Project Footprint such that every reasonable effort can be made to retain (and if necessary, modify to remove dangerous portions) of suitable nest trees as an alternate to complete removal. Those conducting danger tree assessments will be trained as per the Wildlife Danger Tree Assessor’s Course as administered by the Wildlife Tree Committee or will refer to the wildlife danger tree assessor’s material (course workbooks, guides) available on the Government of BC website (Government of BC 2017) for guidance on reasonable efforts and suitable mitigation in danger tree assessments. During Clearing and Construction: • Salvage and retain CWD as approved by an Environmental Inspector during clearing for later use during restoration in an effort to emulate pre-construction (baseline) conditions. Large pieces of CWD are preferred; however, smaller pieces can also be salvaged where large pieces are not available. Salvaged CWD should include a variety of decay classes and tree species that decay slowly (e.g., cedar), where feasible and available.

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 Pipeline Replacement Project January 2020/CE733700

TABLE 4-1 Cont’d

Recommended Construction Feature Info1 KP Range2 Work Window3 Site-Specific Mitigation Sowaqua Spotted Owl 1000.324 to 1000.510 - Reclamation: WHA (WFA-37) (cont’d) • Deactivate and reclaim all temporary construction access. • Post-construction access control will be implemented using methods determined in consultation with BC MFLNRORD and may include a variety of techniques, such as line blocking with available timber/woody debris (rollback or berms), excavator mounding, signage, fencing or gates. • Use natural re-generation and planting of tree seedlings and shrubs as specified in the Reclamation Management Plan (the Pipeline EPP). Species lists and seeding/planting prescriptions are provided in these plans. Variable density planting (as described in Blackburn et al. 2009) should be used for tree seedling planting in areas of TWS, where current land use allows. The reclamation strategy chosen will be compatible with the existing land use and the construction Line List. • Use a combination of methods to create nesting habitat where suitable nest trees are removed by the Project. Options to create nesting habitat include: drilling artificial cavities into suitable trees on the edge of the Project Footprint or topping a suitable tree > 7 m above the ground. The chosen measure will be determined by the Environmental Inspector and Construction Manager in consultation with a Wildlife Resource Specialist to ensure safety requirements and will be implemented in the approximate areas from which suitable nest trees were removed. • Replace CWD that was salvaged and retained during clearing within the Project Footprint. CWD should be distributed as both single pieces and small piles. The location and the volume replaced will be similar to pre-construction conditions, where sufficient storage space is available. Tons/ha of CWD retained must comply with BC MFLNRORD Wildfire Management Branch Fuel Hazard Abatement specifications. Species that pose a forest health risk will not be used. • In select locations (i.e., where materials are available), replace CWD to enhance conservation of soil moisture and nutrients, moderate soil temperatures, help prevent soil erosion and provide suitable conditions for the re-establishment of desired native vegetation. These locations will be approved by the Environmental Inspector with guidance from a Wildlife Resource Specialist prior to clearing activities. No specific CWD targets were identified for the Sowaqua Spotted Owl WHA located at this KP range. Operations: • Reduce the frequency of vegetation management (i.e., not needed annually), where practical. • Implement the appropriate vegetation management measures in consideration of species at risk and their habitat (e.g., restrict vegetation management to the minimum width required for the safe operation and inspection of the pipeline and allow vegetation outside of this area [TWS] to re-generate). • Minimize the use of herbicides. Consider non-chemical options as the primary method to manage non-woody problem vegetation (e.g., mowing or hand pulling). When non-chemical vegetation management options are not practical (e.g., invasive plant removal) use spot treatment applications of herbicides as necessary. Great Blue Heron • In the event a great blue heron nesting colony is discovered implement the appropriate buffer and schedule activities outside of the sensitive nesting season (see below). Nesting Colony • Great blue heron nests are protected year-round under the BC Wildlife Act. BC ENV (BC MOE 2014) recommends the following setback distances: 300 m (undeveloped), 200 m (rural), 60 m (urban) with an additional 200 m “quiet” buffer during the nesting season. The least risk window is from September 1 to January 15. • If construction activities require the removal of a great blue heron colony, Trans Mountain will work with the Appropriate Government Authorities to develop practical options and mitigation measures. Nest removal will only occur when the nests are inactive (i.e., scheduled outside of the nesting season). Bats • In the event bat hibernacula or roosts are discovered, contact the Appropriate Government Authority to discuss practical options and mitigation measures. Measures may include establishing protective buffers and/or modifying the construction schedule to avoid activity during sensitive periods (see below). • Protect bat roosts from disturbance by humans and other sensory disturbances (BC MOE 2014). Implement a 125 m buffer from bat hibernacula (from October 1 to April 30) or maternity roost (from May 1 to August 31) (BC MWLAP 2004b). Consult with BC MFLNRORD where disturbance of a hibernacula or maternity roost is unavoidable to discuss practical options and mitigation measures. • Do not blast, remove rock or talus, or construct new roads in the area surrounding a hibernacula or maternity roost unless there is no other practical option. Consult with BC MFLNRORD to discuss alternate mitigation (BC MWLAP 2004b). • Schedule blasting that may occur within 1 km of Keen’s long-eared myotis maternity roosts and hibernacula to occur outside the period from October 1 to May 31 (BC MWLAP 2004b). Consider applying this best practice to other bat species. Mammal Den • Contact a Wildlife Resource Specialist to discuss the appropriate mitigation in the event an active den is discovered on or near the work site. Mitigation may include establishing protective buffers, monitoring the den and/or modifying the construction schedule to avoid activity until the den is no longer active. • A setback of 50 m from active bear dens is recommended (BC OGC 2016). If a grizzly bear den is found, contact BC ENV for the appropriate buffer. Mineral Lick • Implement a 100 m buffer in the event a mineral lick is identified (BC OGC 2018). BC MFLNRORD recommends a 250 m setback from mineral licks that are utilized by mountain caribou (BC MFLNRO 2014). In the event that reconfiguring TWS is not feasible to maintain the minimum setback from a mineral lick, consult with a Wildlife Resource Specialist to discuss practical options and mitigation strategies. • Leave a gap in set-up pipe within the area of the mineral lick to allow wildlife to access the mineral lick. The locations of the gaps in strung pipe should coincide with gaps in strippings, spoil, snow and rollback windrows. • Maintain the integrity of trails to mineral licks and do not isolate from nearby escape cover. Beaver Dams/Lodges • In the event that beaver dams or lodges will be disturbed, submit a notification to the appropriate regional Habitat Officer of the BC MFLNRORD at least 45 days prior to beaver dam removal, as per Section 40 of the Water Regulation. Following this notification, obtain a BC MFLNRORD Wildlife Sundry Permit to remove a beaver dam. Standards and best practices for beaver dam removal identified in the BC Standards and Best Practices for Instream Works (BC MWLAP 2004a) will be applied. Raptor Nest / Burrowing • Contact a Wildlife Resource Specialist to discuss the appropriate mitigation in the event an active raptor nest is discovered on or near the work site. Mitigation may include establishing protective buffers, monitoring the nest and/or modifying the construction schedule to avoid activity until the nest is no longer active. Owl Burrow • Active raptor nests have a 50 m to 500 m setback, depending on the surrounding land use and species (BC MOE 2013). • Burrowing owl burrows have a 500 m setback in undeveloped areas. Contact BC MFLNRORD for appropriate buffer in rural and urban areas. Reptiles • For species other than Western rattlesnake and great basin gophersnake, in the event an active snake hibernaculum is identified, implement a 150 m buffer (BC MOE 2014), and avoid activity during the period of April 15 to September 30 (BC MWLAP 2004b), to the extent feasible. • Implement the Wildlife Conflict Management section (Appendix B of the Pipeline EPP) in the event a snake or painted turtle is encountered during Project activities. Wildlife Species • Implement the Wildlife Species of Concern Encounter and Discovery Contingency Plan (Appendix B of the Pipeline EPP C01961) in the event that a wildlife species of concern or habitat feature is identified during construction. Discovery or Encounter

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TABLE 4-1 Cont’d

High Weed Density Areas EAS Label / Species Code Weed Species KP Range2 Mitigation BU:AV:YH:OG Burdock species, reed 1000.228 to 1000.345 Ensure topsoil is stored on the land parcel from where it was salvaged. Stake or flag topsoil windrows containing high density weeds. Refer to Sections 6.0 and 7.0 of this EPP for mitigation measures to be implemented in areas where high density weeds are canarygrass, queen- encountered. devil hawkweed, orchard-grass Watercourses Watercourse Name/ Proposed Primary Pipeline Crossing/ Feature ID (PXID) Classification KP Point5 Fish Presence Proposed Pipeline Contingency Site-Specific Mitigation BC-645 (W1677.4) Coquihalla River [S1B] 1000.33 to 1000.39 Fish Bearing Isolation with fish salvage and WQM during low Riparian buffer setback 50 m. There is a site-specific watercourse drawing for this crossing (M002-XW03210) flow Soils Colour Differentiation Erosion Rating7 Susceptible Topsoil Depth Between Topsoil and to Trench Soil Symbol Soil Name Soil Classification Parent Material Texture Class Range (cm)6 Drainage Class Subsoil Wind Water Susceptible to Compaction and Rutting Instability Comments/Mitigation NS Not Surveyed ------Geology ML/ARD8 Potential KP Range2 Site-Specific Mitigation Moderate 1000.228 to 1000.510 Ensure a Qualified Resource Specialist is on-site during grading and trench excavation in any moderate or high PAG rock area where bedrock is expected to be disturbed. Ensure safe handling and storage of PAG rock materials prior to determining PAG final classification and selecting one or more of the preferred mitigation strategies. Groundwater Feature ID KP Range Site-Specific Mitigation Shallow Groundwater 1000.418 to 1000.419 • Implement the mitigation measures below and refer to the Groundwater Management Plan (Appendix G of the Pipeline EPP C01961) for additional information. (HY-93) • Assess the need for well points or other dewatering methods, prior to commencing trenching, to intercept groundwater at site-specific locations before it enters the trench. • Prevent the pipeline trench and bedding from becoming a conduit for increased groundwater flow by installing subdrains and trench breakers. • Dewater the trench, if warranted, when laying pipe in areas with high water tables.

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TABLE 4-1 Cont’d

Reclamation Units Reclamation Unit Reclamation Unit Number Name KP Range2 Main Biogeoclimatic Zone Land Use and Setting Description 6.1 Jessica 1000.228 to 1000.334 Southern Dry Submaritime Coastal Western Hemlock (CWHds1) 70% young and 30% mature mixed forests on lower slopes along Highway 5 and Coquihalla River to Hope. Site Series 01/05 and 07 riparian. 6.1 Jessica 1000.334 to 1000.510 Southern Dry Submaritime Coastal Western Hemlock (CWHds1) 70% young and 30% mature mixed forests on lower slopes along Highway 5 and Coquihalla River to Hope. Site Series 01/05 and 07 riparian. Coarse Woody Debris Target Volume of CWD Watercourse ID Watercourse Name KP Range9 on each side (m3)10 Target Number of Stumps for each side Notes10 BC-645 Coquihalla River [S1B] 1000.33 to 1000.39 30 22 Retain CWD if available and compatible with surrounding land use. At least 1 m3 of the target volume CWD is required for each side of stream for streambank stability. Streambank logs > 20 cm diameter preferred. Notes: 1 Important Bird Areas are included in this Table (Important Bird Areas are an international conservation initiative coordinated by BirdLife International, and co-partners for the Important Bird Area Program in Canada are Bird Studies Canada and Nature Canada). 2 All KPs are approximate. 3 Recommended timing restrictions are based on Environment and Climate Change Canada’s (ECCC) migratory bird nesting periods (ECCC 2018) and consultation with Appropriate Government Authorities, where appropriate. The migratory bird nesting period is defined as the period when the majority (shown as 1-100% on the nesting calendars) of breeding bird species in a nesting zone are expected to be nesting. However, it should be noted that some species may nest earlier or later, and there may be a risk of incidental take outside of the identified periods (although much lower risk compared to activities scheduled during the identified nesting periods). Note, “--“ indicates that a formally recommended timing restriction is not applicable. 4 Provincial (S) ranks are assigned by the Provincial CDC(s). Ranks range from 1 (five or fewer occurrences) to 5 (demonstrably secure under present conditions); all definitions below are adapted from NatureServe (2020). S1 = Critically Imperiled: because of extreme rarity or because of some factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extirpation. Typically, five or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (< 1,000). S2 = Imperiled: because of rarity or because of some factor(s) making it very vulnerable to extirpation. Typically, 6-20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000-3,000). S3 = Vulnerable: because rare and uncommon, or found in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or because of other factors making it vulnerable to extirpation. Typically, 21-100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. S#S# = Range Rank: a numeric range rank (e.g., S2S3) is used to indicate the range of uncertainty about the exact status of the element. SU = Unrankable: currently unrankable due to lack of information or due to substantially conflicting information about status or trends. S#? = Inexact numeric rank: denotes inexact numeric rank. Red-List: Ecological communities or rare vegetation species which either no longer exist, face imminent extirpation or extinction, or are likely to become Endangered or Threatened if limiting factors are not reversed. Blue-List: Ecological communities or rare vegetation species considered at risk (i.e., having characteristics making them sensitive or vulnerable to human activities or natural events). 5 Single KP locations indicate the centre point. 6 Topsoil depth ranges may not be representative of soil depths provided on the EAS due to adjustments made for construction purposes. 7 Erosion Hazard Ratings: S = slight; M = moderate; H = high. 8 Metal Leaching and Acid Rock Drainage. 9 KPs are derived from spatial overlap of riparian buffers with the Project Footprint. In some cases, the Project Footprint crosses riparian buffers beyond the area immediately adjacent to the watercourse/wetland crossing. Therefore, overlap of Footprint with riparian buffer does not always align with the watercourse/wetland crossing indicated on the EAS. 10 CWD will not be retained in areas identified as having forest health issues such as insect pests and diseases that are associated with downed wood. CWD will not be retained in locations where the landowner requests no CWD. CWD targets will vary based on availability of material and storage space in proximity to the riparian area.

BC MFLNRORD = British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development BC ENV = British Columbia Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy CWD = coarse woody debris GBPU = Grizzly Bear Population Unit PAG = Potentially acid generating WHA = Wildlife Habitat Area

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 Pipeline Replacement Project January 2020/CE733700

TABLE 4-2

SITE-SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION AND MITIGATION FOR COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO.16

Traditional Land and Resource Use Feature ID Description KP Range (Buffered) Site-Specific Mitigation STÓ:LŌ SITE 1011.265 to 1011.326 Review the location of the traditional plant gathering site prior to construction activities to determine whether the site will be impacted. (STÓ:LŌ-1614) If the site will be impacted, notify the affected Indigenous group a minimum of 4 weeks prior to construction and provide the opportunity to harvest traditional plants. Wildlife Recommended Construction Feature Info1 KP Range2 Work Window3 Site-Specific Mitigation Migratory Bird Nesting 1011.043 to 1011.506 August 17 to March 25 (Nesting • Schedule clearing and construction activities outside of the bird nesting period, where feasible. Zone A1a period: March 26 to August 16) • In the event clearing or construction activities are scheduled to occur within the migratory bird nesting period, Wildlife Resource Specialists will use non-intrusive methods to conduct an area search within 7 days of activity for evidence of nesting (e.g., presence of territorial males, alarm calls, distraction displays, adults carrying nesting material/food) where suitable nesting habitat is present, as determined by an Environmental Inspector or Wildlife Resource Specialist. In the event an active nest is found, the nest will be subject to site-specific mitigation measures (e.g., clearly marked species-specific buffer around the nest or non-intrusive monitoring). Engage a Wildlife Resource Specialist to monitor the nest during activity to ensure disturbance to nesting is avoided where site-specific circumstances may permit a reduction in the protective buffer (e.g., adequate barrier exists between the nest and Project activities that effectively reduces sensory disturbance from the Project). If monitoring indicates Project activities are causing disturbance of an active nest (i.e., considerable behavioural changes from baseline), work will be modified or temporarily halted and corrective measures will be implemented (e.g., increase in protective buffer, modification of Project activities within the buffer). The appropriate mitigation measures will be determined by an Environmental Inspector, in consultation with a Wildlife Resource Specialist. Bear Management 1011.385 to 1011.506 - For all GBPUs: Areas GBPU (North • Report any sightings of bears to the Environmental Inspector. The Environmental Inspector is responsible for immediately reporting all “incidents” (i.e., unexpected encounter, bear reacts assertively) to the Appropriate Government Authorities. Cascades) (i.e., BC ENV [Conservation Officer Service] and BC MFLNRORD). Ensure all observations of grizzly bears (i.e., sighting and incidents) are documented on a wildlife sighting card and shared with the Appropriate Government Authorities. • All field personnel that will be on the pipeline construction footprint in locations with potential to encounter bears will receive bear awareness training. • In the event a grizzly bear is observed or a grizzly bear den is discovered, implement the Wildlife Species of Concern Encounter and Discovery Contingency Plan (see Appendix B of the Pipeline EPP). • Trans Mountain will consult with a Wildlife Resource Specialist in the event a grizzly bear den is found on the Project Footprint to discuss available measures. • Coordinate access and new clearing requirements with other industrial users in the area to minimize human activity within grizzly bear habitat. • Deactivate and reclaim temporary construction access that does not have a third-party disposition, to native vegetation. Implement access controls on deactivated temporary roads. • Where rollback is needed for access management, erosion control or habitat enhancement, ensure that a sufficient supply of rollback is set aside for this purpose during final clean-up. • Avoid agronomic species (e.g., clover, legumes) that may attract bears to the Project Footprint. North Cascades GBPUs: • A camp-specific human-conflict management plan will be developed for temporary Project camps in BC prior to camp occupancy and will include site-specific measures to be implemented to mitigate potential human-wildlife conflicts. Trans Mountain will share the camp- specific human-conflict management plans with BC ENV and BC MFLNRORD prior to installation of camps. • A Wildlife Monitor will be engaged only in situations where there is high potential for a human-wildlife encounter (e.g., bears), and their presence will be determined by the Contractor and Environmental Inspector. Wildlife Monitors will not be armed. • Avoid disturbance of occupied grizzly bear dens by completing Project activities in the North Cascades GBPU outside the winter denning period. • For bear sightings with the North Cascades GBPU also contact the Hope Mountain Learning Centre at: 1.855.464.7479 (http://hopemountain.org/conservation/grizzly-bear-reporting/; http://www.coasttocascades.org/sightings). Great Blue Heron • In the event a great blue heron nesting colony is discovered implement the appropriate buffer and schedule activities outside of the sensitive nesting season (see below). Nesting Colony • Great blue heron nests are protected year-round under the BC Wildlife Act. BC ENV (BC MOE 2014) recommends the following setback distances: 300 m (undeveloped), 200 m (rural), 60 m (urban) with an additional 200 m “quiet” buffer during the nesting season. The least risk window is from September 1 to January 15. • If construction activities require the removal of a great blue heron colony, Trans Mountain will work with the Appropriate Government Authorities to develop practical options and mitigation measures. Nest removal will only occur when the nests are inactive (i.e., scheduled outside of the nesting season). Bats • In the event bat hibernacula or roosts are discovered, contact the Appropriate Government Authority to discuss practical options and mitigation measures. Measures may include establishing protective buffers and/or modifying the construction schedule to avoid activity during sensitive periods (see below). • Protect bat roosts from disturbance by humans and other sensory disturbances (BC MOE 2014). Implement a 125 m buffer from bat hibernacula (from October 1 to April 30) or maternity roost (from May 1 to August 31) (BC MWLAP 2004b). Consult with BC MFLNRORD where disturbance of a hibernacula or maternity roost is unavoidable to discuss practical options and mitigation measures. • Do not blast, remove rock or talus, or construct new roads in the area surrounding a hibernacula or maternity roost unless there is no other practical option. Consult with BC MFLNRORD to discuss alternate mitigation (BC MWLAP 2004b). • Schedule blasting that may occur within 1 km of Keen’s long-eared myotis maternity roosts and hibernacula to occur outside the period from October 1 to May 31 (BC MWLAP 2004b). Consider applying this best practice to other bat species. Mammal Den • Contact a Wildlife Resource Specialist to discuss the appropriate mitigation in the event an active den is discovered on or near the work site. Mitigation may include establishing protective buffers, monitoring the den and/or modifying the construction schedule to avoid activity until the den is no longer active. • A setback of 50 m from active bear dens is recommended (BC OGC 2016). If a grizzly bear den is found, contact BC ENV for the appropriate buffer Mineral Lick • Implement a 100 m buffer in the event a mineral lick is identified (BC OGC 2018). BC MFLNRORD recommends a 250 m setback from mineral licks that are utilized by mountain caribou (BC MFLNRO 2014). In the event that reconfiguring TWS is not feasible to maintain the minimum setback from a mineral lick, consult with a Wildlife Resource Specialist to discuss practical options and mitigation strategies. • Leave a gap in set-up pipe within the area of the mineral lick to allow wildlife to access the mineral lick. The locations of the gaps in strung pipe should coincide with gaps in strippings, spoil, snow and rollback windrows. • Maintain the integrity of trails to mineral licks and do not isolate from nearby escape cover. Beaver Dams/Lodges • In the event that beaver dams or lodges will be disturbed, submit a notification to the appropriate regional Habitat Officer of the BC MFLNRORD at least 45 days prior to beaver dam removal, as per Section 40 of the Water Regulation. Following this notification, obtain a BC MFLNRORD Wildlife Sundry Permit to remove a beaver dam. Standards and best practices for beaver dam removal identified in the BC Standards and Best Practices for Instream Works (BC MWLAP 2004a) will be applied. Raptor Nest / • Contact a Wildlife Resource Specialist to discuss the appropriate mitigation in the event an active raptor nest is discovered on or near the work site. Mitigation may include establishing protective buffers, monitoring the nest and/or modifying the construction schedule to avoid activity until the nest is no longer active. Burrowing Owl Burrow • Active raptor nests have a 50 m to 500 m setback, depending on the surrounding land use and species (BC MOE 2013). • Burrowing owl burrows have a 500 m setback in undeveloped areas. Contact BC MFLNRORD for appropriate buffer in rural and urban areas. Reptiles • For species other than Western rattlesnake and great basin gophersnake, in the event an active snake hibernaculum is identified, implement a 150 m buffer (BC MOE 2014), and avoid activity during the period of April 15 to September 30 (BC MWLAP 2004b), to the extent feasible. • Implement the Wildlife Conflict Management section (Appendix B of the Pipeline EPP) in the event a snake or painted turtle is encountered during Project activities. Wildlife Species • Implement the Wildlife Species of Concern Encounter and Discovery Contingency Plan (Appendix B of the Pipeline EPP) in the event that a wildlife species of concern or habitat feature is identified during construction. Discovery or Encounter

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TABLE 4-2 Cont’d

High Weed Density Areas EAS Label / Species Weed Species KP Range2 Mitigation Code TC common tansy 1011.043 to 1011.388 Ensure topsoil is stored on the land parcel from where it was salvaged. Stake or flag topsoil windrows containing high density weeds. Refer to Sections 6.0 and 7.0 of this EPP for mitigation measures to be implemented in areas where high density weeds are encountered. OG orchard-grass 1011.470 to 1011.506 Ensure topsoil is stored on the land parcel from where it was salvaged. Stake or flag topsoil windrows containing high density weeds. Refer to Sections 6.0 and 7.0 of this EPP for mitigation measures to be implemented in areas where high density weeds are encountered. Watercourses Watercourse Name/ Proposed Primary Pipeline Crossing/ Feature ID (PXID) Classification KP Point2 Fish Presence Proposed Pipeline Contingency Site-Specific Mitigation BC-654 (W1686.4) Coquihalla River [S1B] 1011.37 to 1011.42 Fish Bearing Open-cut with WQM inside timing window Riparian buffer setback 50 m. There is a site-specific watercourse drawing for this crossing (M002-XW03255) Soils Colour Differentiation Erosion Rating7 Susceptible Topsoil Depth Between Topsoil and to Trench Soil Symbol Soil Name Soil Classification Parent Material Texture Class Range (cm)6 Drainage Class Subsoil Wind Water Susceptible to Compaction and Rutting Instability Comments/Mitigation NS Not Surveyed ------Geology ML/ARD8 Potential KP Range2 Site-Specific Mitigation Moderate 1011.043 to 1011.506 Ensure a Qualified Resource Specialist is on-site during grading and trench excavation in any moderate or high PAG rock area where bedrock is expected to be disturbed. Ensure safe handling and storage of PAG rock materials prior to determining PAG final classification and selecting one or more of the preferred mitigation strategies. Groundwater Feature ID KP Range Site-Specific Mitigation Partially Confined 1011.043 to 1011.301 • Implement the mitigation measures below and refer to the Groundwater Management Plan (Appendix G of the Pipeline EPP C01961) for additional information. Aquifer (HY-97) • Assess the need for well points or other dewatering methods, prior to commencing trenching, to intercept groundwater at site-specific locations before it enters the trench. Partially Confined 1011.043 to 1011.301 • Prevent the pipeline trench and bedding from becoming a conduit for increased groundwater flow by installing subdrains and trench breakers. Aquifer (HY-96) • Dewater the trench, if warranted, when laying pipe in areas with high water tables. Artesian Conditions 1011.301 to 1011.302 (HY-98)

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TABLE 4-2 Cont’d

Reclamation Units Reclamation Unit Reclamation Unit Number Name KP Range2 Main Biogeoclimatic Zone Land Use and Setting Description 6.2 Hope 1011.043 to 1011.506 Southern Dry Submaritime Coastal Western Hemlock (CWHds1) 60% young mixed forests and 40% rural/cultivated fields on level to gentle slopes along Highway 1. Site Series 01/05 and 07 riparian floodplain. Coarse Woody Debris Target Volume of CWD Watercourse ID Watercourse Name KP Range9 on each side (m3)10 Target Number of Stumps for each side Notes10 BC-654 Coquihalla River [S1B] 1011.37 to 1011.42 1 0 Riparian buffer width not possible because of adjacent infrastructure, target volume has been reduced. If available, retain at least 1 m3 of CWD on each side of the stream for streambank stability. Streambank logs > 20 cm diameter are preferred. Notes: 1 Important Bird Areas are included in this Table (Important Bird Areas are an international conservation initiative coordinated by BirdLife International, and co-partners for the Important Bird Area Program in Canada are Bird Studies Canada and Nature Canada). 2 All KPs are approximate. 3 Recommended timing restrictions are based on ECCC’s migratory bird nesting periods (ECCC 2018) and consultation with Appropriate Government Authorities, where appropriate. The migratory bird nesting period is defined as the period when the majority (shown as 1-100% on the nesting calendars) of breeding bird species in a nesting zone are expected to be nesting. However, it should be noted that some species may nest earlier or later, and there may be a risk of incidental take outside of the identified periods (although much lower risk compared to activities scheduled during the identified nesting periods). Note, “--“ indicates that a formally recommended timing restriction is not applicable. 4 Provincial (S) ranks are assigned by the Provincial CDC(s). Ranks range from 1 (five or fewer occurrences) to 5 (demonstrably secure under present conditions); all definitions below are adapted from NatureServe (2020). S1 = Critically Imperiled: because of extreme rarity or because of some factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extirpation. Typically, five or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (< 1,000). S2 = Imperiled: because of rarity or because of some factor(s) making it very vulnerable to extirpation. Typically, 6-20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000-3,000). S3 = Vulnerable: because rare and uncommon, or found in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or because of other factors making it vulnerable to extirpation. Typically, 21-100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. S#S# = Range Rank: a numeric range rank (e.g., S2S3) is used to indicate the range of uncertainty about the exact status of the element. SU = Unrankable: currently unrankable due to lack of information or due to substantially conflicting information about status or trends. S#? = Inexact numeric rank: denotes inexact numeric rank. Red-List: Ecological communities or rare vegetation species which either no longer exist, face imminent extirpation or extinction, or are likely to become Endangered or Threatened if limiting factors are not reversed. Blue-List: Ecological communities or rare vegetation species considered at risk (i.e., having characteristics making them sensitive or vulnerable to human activities or natural events). 5 Single KP locations indicate the centre point. 6 Topsoil depth ranges may not be representative of soil depths provided on the EAS due to adjustments made for construction purposes. 7 Erosion Hazard Ratings: S = slight; M = moderate; H = high. 8 Metal Leaching and Acid Rock Drainage. 9 KPs are derived from spatial overlap of riparian buffers with the Project Footprint. In some cases, the Project Footprint crosses riparian buffers beyond the area immediately adjacent to the watercourse/wetland crossing. Therefore, overlap of Footprint with riparian buffer does not always align with the watercourse/wetland crossing indicated on the EAS. 10 CWD will not be retained in areas identified as having forest health issues such as insect pests and diseases that are associated with downed wood. CWD will not be retained in locations where the landowner requests no CWD. CWD targets will vary based on availability of material and storage space in proximity to the riparian area.

WQM = Water Quality Monitoring

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4.2 Objectives The objectives of environmental compliance management are to ensure that:

• plans, procedures and appropriately trained personnel are in-place to facilitate decommissioning of the existing segment by implementing industry-accepted standards and procedures suitable for the conditions and in accordance with applicable laws and approval/permit conditions; and

• systems and processes are in-place that allow Trans Mountain and its Contractors to access Project environmental information to aid in decision-making at the field level.

The following mitigation measures may be implemented, as warranted, by Trans Mountain, its Contractors and Subcontractors before beginning Project activities.

Activity/Concern Preparation Measures EPP and Distribution 1. Copies of the EPP and associated environmental documents will be required to be reviewed by key personnel prior to decommissioning and will be available to all staff members during decommissioning. Communication 2. The Environmental Inspector will facilitate the transfer of environmental information and information updates to Trans Mountain and the Contractor in a timely manner. Approvals, Licences and 3. Trans Mountain will obtain and comply with approvals, licences and Permits permits needed for decommissioning of the pipeline prior to the commencement of the activity. The Contractor and Environmental Inspector will be provided with copies of all approvals/licences and permits, including the most recent updates and revisions, and will comply with all conditions presented by Trans Mountain. Trans Mountain will resolve any inconsistencies between approval/permit conditions and contract documents prior to commencement of the decommissioning activity. Listed or 4. Where listed or sensitive species are discovered during future field Sensitive Species studies and/or during decommissioning, implement the Wildlife Species of Concern Discovery Contingency Plan or the Rare Ecological Communities or Rare Plant Species Discovery Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP). Report sightings of sensitive species or species at risk to the Environmental Inspector and Construction Manager. Pre-Job Meeting 5. Before beginning decommissioning activities, a pre-job meeting will be held with the engineering and environmental teams, the Environmental Inspector and the Contractor. The objectives of the pre-job meeting will be to: • review environmental and socio-economic issues at the site and in surrounding area; • review key mitigation measures and contingency plans; • review Trans Mountain’s commitments; • review approvals, licences and permits; • review rules, legislation, regulations and Project policies; and • address any outstanding concerns.

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Activity/Concern Preparation Measures Non-Compliances and 6. Those who show careless or wanton neglect of the environment or Resolution disregard the mitigation measures outlined in the EPP will be subjected to appropriate disciplinary measures including, if appropriate, removal from the work site or dismissal. 7. The Environmental Inspector is to be immediately notified when a non-compliance is identified and will contact the Manager and the local Trans Mountain Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) Advisor. If the Construction Manager is not available during a non-compliance situation, the Environmental Inspector will investigate the non-compliance, provide corrective direction or, where warranted, initiate work stoppage. 8. The Construction Manager will decide to either modify the work practice or shut the activity down until conditions improve. The Environmental Inspector will assist in this decision-making process. 9. If the work is shut-down, it will resume only when compliance can be achieved. Once approved by Trans Mountain, the Contractor will inform the work crew and work will proceed following the corrective action plan. 10. All non-compliances will be documented on the appropriate non-compliance forms and, if appropriate, the report will be supplemented with photographs. The Environmental Inspector will be responsible for documenting all environmental non-compliances and reporting to the local Trans Mountain EHS Advisor within 24 hours. 11. All communication to the regulators will be completed by Trans Mountain personnel. Change Management 12. The Environmental Inspector, Construction Manager, local Trans Mountain EHS Advisor and the Trans Mountain Project Engineer will be contacted if site conditions warrant a change in procedure that may have environmental implications. 13. The Construction Manager and the Project management team, including engineering, any applicable Resource Specialists and/or other expertise, as appropriate, will modify the procedure(s), where warranted. 14. The modification to the procedure(s) may include one or more of the following: • change to a specific procedure (e.g., soil handling); • location (e.g., site description); • rationale for change; • environmental criteria reviewed as part of the modification request; • consideration of environmental objectives; • equivalent or approved standard of mitigation; • additional environmental mitigation measures required; • contract extra cost as a result of a procedure change; • site sketch; and • approval by the Construction Manager and a representative of the Project management team.

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Activity/Concern Preparation Measures Change Management 15. Changes to an existing procedure will be discussed, as warranted, with (cont’d) the Appropriate Government Authorities, stakeholders and Indigenous group representatives, and the appropriate authorization will be acquired, should the revised procedure require further regulatory approval. 16. The resolution and/or revision will be documented and communicated to the appropriate parties. Post-Decommissioning 17. Environmental information (e.g., erosion concerns or natural drainage Documentation patterns), in the form of daily field reporting by the Environmental Inspector, will be collected throughout decommissioning for post- decommissioning documentation (including photographs) and assessment of the effectiveness of the procedures/measures used which can aid or inform the decision-making process.

4.3 Potential Permits, Approvals and Authorizations Trans Mountain will work with the Appropriate Government Authorities to determine which environmental permits, approvals and authorizations are necessary prior to the commencement of decommissioning activities. A list of potential Federal and Provincial permits, approvals and authorizations are provided in Tables 4-3 and 4-4, respectively. Trans Mountain will work with Appropriate Government Authorities to provide filing demonstration of conformance applicable to the Project prior to the commencement of decommissioning. While these tables are comprehensive, they are not exhaustive and additional permits may be required. Hard-copy permits, approvals and authorization will be assembled in binders with the applicable documents on file and will remain at the Project offices throughout the Project.

TABLE 4-3

POTENTIAL FEDERAL ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITS, APPROVALS AND AUTHORIZATIONS

Permit, Approval, Government Authority Legislation Authorization and/or Notification Activity/Trigger CER CER Act The Project has received approvals under Approval for the decommissioning of the Project. Section 45.1 of the NEB OPR Navigation Protection The Project is exempt under the Approvals for activities within scheduled navigable Act Memorandum of Understanding between waterbodies or opt-in approvals for activities within Transport Canada and the CER for Pipelines non-scheduled waterbodies. and Power Lines Subject to the CER Act and Canada Oil and Gas Operations Act (NEB 2013) Fisheries and Oceans Section 35(2) of the Authorization for Clearing of Riparian Habitat Approval to clear within the riparian buffer zone to Canada (DFO) Fisheries Act at watercourse 180(c) facilitate decommissioning activities

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TABLE 4-4

POTENTIAL PROVINCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITS, APPROVALS AND AUTHORIZATIONS

Government Authority Permit, Approval, Authorization and/or Notification BC OGC • Pipeline Provincial Authorization Application for: - temporary occupation of Crown land for the pipeline right-of-way and for ancillary land uses (e.g., camps, access, TWS) - authorizations under Section 11 of the WSA (Changes in and About a Stream) for stream or waterbody crossings - master licences to cut under Section 47.4 of the Forest Act to harvest Crown timber • Road use permits under Section 117 of the Forest Act • Road permits under Section 39 of the Land Act • Forest Service Road permits (required for use of all forest service roads) • Temporary Crown land access approval under Section 39 of the Land Act • Section 10 WSA approval for short-term diversion or use of water • Aggregate Operations and Borrow Pit Permit • General wildlife permit under Section 11 of the WSA for beaver dam removal. BC MFLNRORD • Authorization under Section 4 of the Wildlife Act for work in Wildlife Management Areas • General wildlife permit under Section 19 of the Wildlife Act for amphibian salvage, handling and re-locating certain wildlife species, and Approval or Notification for Changes in and About a Stream under Section 11 of the WSA and Section 40 of the Water Regulations for beaver dam removal. Exemption permits under the Wildlife Act • Heritage Conservation Act permits (e.g., Heritage Alteration Permit [Section 12] and Heritage Inspection Permit – Clearance and Fossil Resource Permit) • Works Permit and Consent to Connect under Section 16 of the Forest Act • Consent to Connect under Section 16 under the Forest Act for works within Forest Service Road rights-of-way • Cutting permit where the Project crosses through a woodlot BC ENV • Section 14 Permit under the BC Environmental Management Act for the introduction of hazardous material into the environment • Section 7 Waste Discharge Permit under the Waste Discharge Regulation (BC MOE 2004) for testing and disposing of test water with additives British Columbia Ministry of • Various permits under the Transportation Act, including: Transportation and - Sign Permit Infrastructure - Structure Permit - Works on the Right-of-Way (pipeline crossing) - Clearing and Grubbing Permit - Revegetation Permit • Various permits under the Industrial Roads Act, including: - Highway Access Permit - Controlled Highway Access Permit - Access/Road Construction within Right-of-Way - Commercial Vehicle Permit under the Commercial Transport Act Notes: BC OGC = British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission WSA = Water Sustainability Act

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5.0 NOTIFICATION OF INTERESTED PARTIES 5.1 Introduction Notification of the decommissioning schedule and timing of specific decommissioning activities will facilitate awareness of upcoming activities, and allow Appropriate Government Authorities, Indigenous groups, landowners and other applicable interested parties to plan, as appropriate, for decommissioning activities in the Project area. The following measures will be implemented by Trans Mountain, the Contractor and/or the Subcontractor to ensure notification of interested parties for decommissioning of the pipeline and access roads.

5.2 Objectives The objectives of notification of interested parties are to ensure that:

• interruptions to other land use activities are limited during the Project;

• applicable interested parties are aware of the Project, and

• Appropriate Government Authority representatives are kept informed throughout decommissioning of the pipeline.

The following mitigation measures may be implemented, as warranted, by Trans Mountain, its Contractors and Subcontractors before beginning Project activities.

Contacts Notification Measures Municipal 1. Trans Mountain is regulated by the CER, a fully independent agency of the Authorities (Fraser Government of Canada. As a CER Federally-regulated entity, Trans Valley Regional Mountain requires approval from the CER prior to the decommissioning of District) the Project. Trans Mountain also complies with all ancillary legislation, unless it conflicts with or frustrates Federal legislation, in which case Trans Mountain will comply with Federal legislation as ultimately determined by the CER. 2. Notify the Municipality prior to decommissioning activities as to the anticipated decommissioning schedule, as required. Contact will be maintained until Project completion. 3. Do not burn slash in the Lower Fraser Valley Provincial 4. Ensure that the necessary notifications are provided for applicable permits Authorities that must be obtained prior to beginning activities. A list of the potential Provincial permits, approvals and authorizations is provided in Table 4-3 Additional permits beyond those listed in Table 4-3 may be required. 5. Obtain the required WSA approvals under Sections 10 and 11 from the BC OGC for the Short-Term Use of Water and Changes in and About a Stream or Wetland. Ensure that a copy of the required approvals is on-site prior to withdrawal. Adhere to all approval conditions.

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Contacts Notification Measures Federal Authorities 6. Ensure that the necessary notifications are provided for applicable permits that must be obtained prior to beginning activities. A list of the potential Federal permits, approvals and authorizations is provided in Table 4-4. Additional permits beyond those listed in Table 4-4 may be required. Resource Users 7. Place an announcement in local papers notifying domestic hunters, trappers, fishers, recreation users, guides and outfitters of the location and timing of decommissioning and clean-up activities before beginning decommissioning activities. Project Notice 8. Contact identified area residents, land users and Indigenous groups 2 weeks prior to conducting decommissioning activities. Provide schedules of the decommissioning activities to enable them to select alternate areas for activity. Ensure that any notable changes in the decommissioning schedule are communicated, as warranted. 9. Provide Project contact information to area residents, land users and Indigenous groups for management of decommissioning-related concerns. 10. Install signs at recreation access points notifying users of decommissioning activities in the area. 11. Install signs at secondary road access points and within the vicinity of decommissioning activities near secondary roads and highways to notify land users of decommissioning of the pipeline. Note: See Appendix A of this EPP for contacts.

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6.0 PRE-DECOMMISSIONING ACTIVITIES 6.1 Introduction This section describes the potential mitigation measures that may be implemented prior to pipeline decommissioning to ensure protection of environmental features, delineation of boundaries of the pipeline right-of-way, TWS and associated facilities. The following mitigation measures may be implemented, as warranted, by Trans Mountain, its Contractors and Subcontractors before beginning Project activities.

6.2 Objectives The objectives of these mitigation measures are to ensure that:

• all identified environmental resources occurring on or immediately adjacent to the Project Footprint are properly identified and marked in the field prior to Project activities to avoid or reduce potential Project-related adverse environmental effects;

• the pipeline right-of-way and TWS are properly delineated to prevent inadvertent trespass; and

• all approved access to and from the work sites is properly and clearly marked.

The following mitigation measures may be implemented, as warranted, by Trans Mountain, its Contractors and Subcontractors before beginning Project activities.

Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Decommissioning 1. Refer to measures regarding EPP and EAS distribution provided in Documentation Section 4.0 of this EPP. Notification/ 2. Review notification requirements identified in Section 5.0 of this EPP and Approvals ensure that notifications have been completed. Review Mitigation 3. The Environmental Inspector will review mitigation measures to be Measures for implemented during decommissioning to avoid or reduce effects on Environmental environmental features (i.e. wildlife species at risk, archaeological features, Features Traditional Land Use (TLU) sites and any other sensitive environmental or cultural features) along or in proximity to the pipeline footprint (Appendix C of this EPP). This review will be conducted in advance of decommissioning at known locations where the above features are known to be present to ensure that suitable and appropriate procedures have been selected and can be implemented prior to decommissioning, where applicable. 4. An Environmental Inspector is responsible for monitoring compliance with environmental and socio-economic commitments, undertakings and conditions of permits and approvals, as well as applicable environmental legislation, Trans Mountain’s policies, procedures and industry-accepted standards. An Environmental Inspector may designate responsibility for environmental and socio-economic compliance monitoring in certain cases based on the nature of the activity and the availability of appropriate alternative personnel (e.g., Activity Inspector). 5. An Environmental Inspector will organize on-site meetings in consultation with the Construction Manager or designate and, as the need arises, will address resource-specific issues, as well as review construction methodologies.

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Review Mitigation 6. An Environmental Inspector will review, collect, organize and disseminate all Measures for environmentally-related information and documentation that arises during Environmental construction, and will be responsible for the preparation of daily Features (cont’d) Environmental Inspection reports. 7. Environmental information (e.g., erosion concerns or natural drainage patterns) will be collected throughout decommissioning for documentation (including photographs) and the assessment of effectiveness of procedures/measures used to aid or inform the decision-making process during post-decommissioning. 8. The Environmental Inspector will document decommissioning methods, decisions related to implementation and location of mitigation measures and final reclamation measures and issues encountered, as well as communication records for discussions with Appropriate Government Authorities. Pre- 9. Complete migratory bird nest sweeps prior to clearing and decommissioning, Decommissioning depending on the timing of activities (refer to Section 7.0 of this EPP under Surveys the Wildlife heading). 10. Complete a wildlife survey prior to decommissioning depending upon the timing of activities (refer to Section 7.0 of this EPP under the Wildlife heading). 11. Complete an area search for active grizzly bear dens where required, in Q4 of the year that decommissioning will occur prior to snowfall and in Q1 prior to subsequent clearing. 12. Complete required environmental surveys (e.g., supplemental biophysical assessments and wildlife habitat features) that are required before beginning decommissioning and provide the key results of the surveys and any associated mitigation to Project inspection personnel and the Contractor. Identify any resource-specific locations in the field where mitigation is necessary and mark the locations accordingly. 13. Ensure that an inventory of trees and shrubs removed outside of the TWS is completed by Qualified Environmental Professional and includes species and diameter at breast height. 14. Ensure that a Danger Tree assessment of the TWS and adjacent areas is completed by a Certified Wildlife/Danger Tree Assessor prior to decommissioning. Grade Plan 15. Establish pre-decommissioning profiles (grades) along the pipeline footprint for use during backfilling. Staking/Flagging 16. Stake or flag all boundaries of the pipeline footprint, including temporary access roads and shoo-flies. Stake or flag environmental features and buffers (e.g., rare plant species and wildlife habitat features) on or adjacent to the pipeline footprint prior to commencing decommissioning to avoid the site (see Narrow Down Fencing Dwg. D-1 in Appendix D of this EPP). Clearly mark on the footprint environmental features identified on the EAS (Appendix C of this EPP) prior to clearing, as warranted. 17. Snow fencing may be necessary to delineate sensitive environmental features on and/or adjacent to the pipeline footprint.

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Staking/Flagging 18. Confirm locations of environmental features and ensure that staking, flagging (cont’d) or snow fencing is maintained during decommissioning. 19. Stake or flag any shrubs or trees to be salvaged and replaced prior to decommissioning. 20. Install localized drainage and siltation control, and grade the pipeline footprint with consideration of areas susceptible to ponding. Signage 21. Post signs near environmental features, including watercourses and wildlife habitat features to alert decommissioning personnel of their presence. Recommended setback distances are resource-specific and should be determined in consultation with an Environmental Inspector and/or Resource Specialist, if required. Identify riparian buffer areas associated with watercourses. Use site identification numbers to ensure confidentiality and protection of resources, where warranted. Weeds 22. Flag areas identified as having high weed infestations before beginning decommissioning. Control weeds (i.e., using proper application of chemical, mechanical or manual measures, or a combination of all) at locations identified on the EAS to a level that is consistent with current weed management practices on land adjacent to the Project Footprint to reduce the potential for weed infestations following decommissioning. 23. Develop weed control plans in accordance with the requirements of local Municipalities. 24. All vegetation management activities will incorporate: • strategies to protect community watersheds and other domestic and agricultural water sources; • strategies to protect fish and wildlife, riparian areas and wildlife habitat; and • procedures for monitoring weather conditions.

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7.0 GENERAL PIPELINE DECOMMISSIONING MITIGATION MEASURES 7.1 Introduction The general potential mitigation measures provided in this section may be applicable to the pipeline through all phases of decommissioning. These general mitigation measures may be implemented, as warranted, by Trans Mountain, its Contractors and Subcontractors prior to and during decommissioning and will be followed by detailed specifications for each decommissioning phase.

7.2 Objective The objective of the following potential mitigation measures is to avoid or reduce potential adverse environmental effects associated with general pipeline decommissioning activities. Decommissioning will be completed in a manner that avoids or reduces adverse effects on residents in the area, land users and socio-economic and environmental resources.

The following mitigation measures may be implemented, as warranted, by Trans Mountain, its Contractors and Subcontractors before beginning Project activities.

Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures At Risk or 1. Ensure that mitigation measures concerning fish, wildlife or plant species at Sensitive Species risk are communicated to decommissioning personnel and are supported by an Environmental Inspector. Refer to the EAS (Appendix C of this EPP). 2. Where at-risk species or sensitive wildlife species are discovered during decommissioning, implement the applicable Contingency Plans (Appendix B of this EPP). Implement the following plans as appropriate: • Plant Species or Ecological Communities of Concern Discovery Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP); and • Wildlife Species of Concern Discovery Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP). 3. Ensure that sighting records for sensitive species or species at risk are provided to an Environmental Inspector. Records will be maintained and made available for reporting to Appropriate Government Authorities. 4. Report observations of species at risk immediately to an Environmental Inspector. The Environmental Inspector will record the location in the daily reports and locate and mark sightings.

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Wildlife 5. Initiate or complete clearing activities outside of the migratory bird nesting period, March 26 to August 16 (Migratory Bird Nesting Zone A1), where feasible, to reduce the risk of encountering nesting migratory birds. 6. Clear or mow areas of vegetation (in particular, trees, grasslands and pasture) outside of the migratory bird nesting period to reduce the risk of migratory birds nesting where work is scheduled to occur during the migratory bird nesting period. 7. If clearing or decommissioning activities are scheduled to commence within the migratory bird nesting period or there are extended periods of inactivity between decommissioning activities (i.e., a period greater than 7 days), Wildlife Resource Specialists will use non-intrusive methods to conduct an area search for evidence of nesting (e.g., presence of territorial males, alarm calls, distraction displays and/or adults carrying nesting material/food). Searches for evidence of nesting should occur within 7 days prior to the decommissioning activity. 8. If an active nest is found, it will be subject to site-specific mitigation measures (e.g., a clearly marked species-specific buffer around the nest or non- intrusive monitoring). The appropriate mitigation measures will be selected by an Environmental Inspector, in consultation with a Wildlife Resource Specialist. 9. Implement the Wildlife Species of Concern Encounter Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP) in the event of an encounter with wildlife during decommissioning, either at the decommissioning site or on the commute to or from the decommissioning site. Report any incidents or collisions with wildlife to an Environmental Inspector, who will consult with the Appropriate Government Authorities and the local conservation officer, if applicable. 10. Adhere to applicable setback distances and associated timing constraints, to the extent feasible, during decommissioning activities to avoid noise- related disturbances during sensitive periods, unless otherwise approved by the Environmental Inspector and the Appropriate Government Authority. 11. Wildlife discovered in the trench will be reported to an Environmental Inspector. Depending on the wildlife species and site-specific circumstances, the species will be carefully removed (e.g., common species of a manageable size, such as a ground squirrel or garter snake) or the Environmental Inspector will contact the Trans Mountain EHS Advisor (e.g., large mammal, such as a moose or species at risk that require technical expertise). 12. Maintain a tight schedule (i.e., clearing to backfilling) and decommission the pipeline crossing in an efficient manner to limit the duration of sensory disturbance to wildlife. 13. Do not harass or feed wildlife. Do not store food in beds of pick-up trucks or areas readily accessible to wildlife. 14. Prohibit all Project personnel from having pets on the pipeline footprint. 15. Prohibit all Project personnel from having firearms on the pipeline footprint or in Project vehicles.

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Wildlife (cont’d) 16. Prohibit recreational hunting by Project personnel on or near the pipeline footprint. The use of the pipeline footprint to access hunting sites is prohibited. Crews staying in construction camps will not be allowed to hunt during scheduled work cycles. 17. Prohibit the recreational use of all-terrain vehicles or snowmobiles by decommissioning personnel on the pipeline footprint. Heritage Resources 18. Follow applicable recommendations identified in the Archaeological Impact Assessment.

19. Refer to the EAS (Appendix C of this EPP) for locations of known historical resources. 20. Suspend work in proximity (i.e., within 30 m or other distance as specified in the applicable regulatory permit) to archaeological or paleontological sites (e.g., arrowheads, modified bone, pottery fragments and fossils) discovered during decommissioning and notify an Environmental Inspector and a Construction Manager, who will contact the Trans Mountain EHS Advisor. No work at that location will continue until permission is granted by the Trans Mountain EHS Advisor in consultation with a Resource Specialist or, if warranted, the Appropriate Government Authority. 21. Prohibit the collection of any historical, archaeological or paleontological resources by Project personnel. 22. Avoid disturbance of geodetic or legal survey monuments, to the extent feasible. If a geodetic monument is disturbed during decommissioning of the pipeline, the Construction Manager or designate will immediately report such disturbance to Trans Mountain representative for reporting to the Appropriate Government Authority. The monument will be re-established, where feasible, in accordance with the instructions of the Dominion Geodesist. 23. Implement the contingency measures identified in the Heritage Resources Discovery Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP) if heritage resources not previously identified are found during pipeline decommissioning. Traditional Land and 24. Implement the contingency measures identified in the TLU Sites Discovery Resource Use Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP) if TLU sites not previously identified are found during pipeline decommissioning. Noise Emissions 25. Adhere to applicable Federal (i.e., ECCC, Motor Vehicle Safety Act and Oil and Gas Occupational Safety and Health Regulations) and Provincial (i.e., Directive 038: Noise Control, BC Noise Control Best Practices Guideline [BC OGC 2009], Section 7.2 of the Occupational Health and Safety Regulations and Municipal guidelines and legislation regarding noise management, where feasible. 26. Maintain equipment in good working condition and in accordance with manufacturer guidelines. Maintain noise suppression equipment (e.g., silencers or mufflers) on applicable construction machinery and vehicles. 27. Ensure that tools and equipment utilized are proportionate to the activity being conducted to limit excessive noise resulting from decommissioning. Locate compressors and generators away from noise receptors, to the extent feasible.

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Contaminated Soils 28. Immediately report discovery of contaminated soils to the Environmental Inspector. The Environmental Inspector will report the discovery to the local Trans Mountain EHS Advisor. 29. The Environmental Inspector, in consultation with the Trans Mountain EHS Advisor, will determine the applicable response in accordance with measures in Trans Mountain’s Procedure for Responding to Historical Contamination and Minor Spills. Where appropriate, the Contamination Discovery Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP) will be implemented. 30. Implement the Contaminated Soils Discovery Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP) if contaminated soils are discovered during decommissioning. Adhere to applicable measures provided in Trans Mountain’s Waste Management Standard for handling and disposal of contaminated material and various hazardous material streams. Scheduling 31. Review and abide by applicable timing restrictions and least-risk biological windows, as shown on the EAS (Appendix C of this EPP), where feasible. When decommissioning activities are scheduled outside of preferred timing windows, ensure that necessary regulatory approvals are in-place. Extreme Weather 32. Check weather reports daily to allow for schedule changes and contingency planning. 33. Install additional drainage control measures prior to or during wet conditions and extreme weather events, to ensure the protection of sensitive environments. Consult the Flood and Excessive Flow Contingency Plan, the Soil Erosion Contingency Plan and the Wet or Thawed Soils Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP) if an extreme weather event occurs on-site that may pose risks to the environment or the ability to implement environmental protection measures. Wildfire 34. Follow the BC Open Burning Smoke Control Regulation, as well as the BC Wildfire Act. 35. Where high-risk activities, as defined by the BC Wildfire Act, are occurring within 300 m of forest land, the Fire Danger Class for the location of the activity must be determined and applicable restrictions and mitigations must be observed and implemented. 36. Monitor the fire hazard rating and abide by mitigation measures and regulatory requirements stipulated by exemptions granted by the BC MFLNRORD. Traffic 37. Establish speed limits, approved by Trans Mountain and in compliance with Provincial regulation, on the Project Footprint and access roads. 38. Install temporary drainage control measures on sloped approaches to roads and rail crossings where the vegetative mat has been disturbed. 39. Shovel and sweep clean any mud, soil debris or foreign material tracked onto roads as quickly as practical following equipment crossings. Public Access 40. Use signs and barriers, where appropriate, to deter unauthorized access. Discuss signs and locations with Appropriate Government Authorities, where applicable. Fishing 41. Prohibit recreational fishing by personnel employed on the Project at waterbodies intercepted by the pipeline footprint. Project personnel would be allowed to fish in accordance with Provincial regulation when they are not on active duty and must possess a valid Provincial fishing licence.

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Rare Plants and 42. Review mitigation of rare plants and rare ecological communities with an Rare Ecological Environmental Inspector in advance of decommissioning to ensure there is Communities full understanding of the procedures involved. See the Plant Species or Ecological Communities of Concern Discovery Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP) for mitigation measures to be used during decommissioning. 43. Suspend activity if previously unidentified rare plants and rare ecological communities are encountered on the Project Footprint and harmful effects to the plants and/or communities are anticipated as a result of decommissioning, as determined by a Rare Plant Resource Specialist. Implement the Plant Species or Ecological Communities of Concern Discovery Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP). 44. Implement the resource-specific mitigation measures associated with vascular and non-vascular plant species at risk, as well as rare and unique plant communities on or adjacent to the staked decommissioning boundaries, as outlined in the EAS (Appendix C of this EPP). Weeds 45. Ensure that equipment arrives at Project sites clean and free of soil or vegetative debris. Inspect, verify and document clean equipment. 46. Consider salvaging topsoil from the full pipeline footprint where localized weed infestations are encountered. 47. Where topsoil is not salvaged from the full pipeline footprint, consider placing matting (e.g., construction mats and rig mats) over infested areas to reduce construction equipment transporting weed seed or plant material. Where mats are used, ensure that they are free of soil, vegetation and debris prior to removing from the site. 48. Record all sites where equipment was specifically cleaned to address weed concerns and communicate this information to an Environmental Inspector. 49. Clean equipment (i.e., shovel and sweep, pressurized water or compressed air) involved in topsoil handling at weed-infested sites prior to leaving the location. Clean equipment involved in topsoil handling at weed-infested sites prior to leaving the location. 50. Additional mitigation to reduce weed growth (i.e., seeding with a short-lived cover crop) may be warranted if topsoil replacement is delayed due to decommissioning scheduling. Use of Herbicides 51. Restrict the application of herbicides to licensed applicators. 52. Consult Trans Mountains Integrated Vegetation Management Plan prior to herbicide application. 53. Restrict the application of herbicide within 30 m of known rare plant populations or rare plant communities. Spot spraying, wicking, mowing or hand-picking are acceptable weed control measures in proximity to rare plants and rare plant communities. 54. Follow all regulatory requirements for herbicide use adjacent to waterbodies and wells. Weed Monitoring 55. Monitor topsoil windrows during decommissioning and implement corrective measures (e.g., manual removal) to address Noxious weed growth, as necessary. Control will be initiated before the weedy species mature and produce seed.

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Watercourses 56. Implement appropriate precautions to prevent deleterious substances (e.g., gasoline, sediment, oil, cement or concrete residue) from entering watercourses. Cleaning, fuelling and servicing of equipment are to be conducted in an area, or in a manner, where spills or wash water will not contaminate surface water or groundwater resources. An emergency spill kit appropriate for the work being conducted is to be available on-site at all times. 57. Prevent construction materials and debris from entering any watercourse impacted by decommissioning and any adjacent watercourses. 58. Install and maintain appropriate drainage control measures (e.g., Sediment Fence Dwg. D-2 in Appendix D of this EPP) to prevent sediments from disturbed areas from being transported into watercourses. 59. Ensure that conditions and measures from applicable watercourse crossing permits and approvals are incorporated into planned decommissioning activities.

Riparian Areas 60. Riparian areas include a minimum of 10 m from the boundary of a wetland. 61. The riparian area for the Coquihalla River (S1B) is 50 m. Air Quality/Odour/ 62. Educate workers about unnecessary idling of equipment and vehicles and Greenhouse encourage them to act by reducing idling when temperatures are above 0°C. Gas Emissions Abide by Municipal non-idling bylaws, where applicable. Drainage 63. Maintain drainage across the pipeline footprint. 64. Reduce the potential for soil erosion by water during decommissioning activities by avoiding ponding of water or the unintentional channelization of surface water flow. Saturated Ground 65. Install matting, geotextile or other material approved by an Environmental Conditions Inspector to allow traffic through localized areas of saturated ground conditions. Record the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates at all locations where materials are installed to facilitate access. 66. If saturated ground conditions warrant a corrective action, the decision to modify or alternatively shutdown the decommissioning activity will be made by the Construction Manager in consultation with the Environmental Inspector. Erosion and 67. Decommissioning activities will be conducted in a manner that avoids or Sedimentation minimizes erosion and the discharge of sediment or other deleterious substances into the Coquihalla River or connecting drainage systems. 68. Temporary drainage, erosion and sediment control measures will be put in- place and will remain in-place and be maintained over the course of decommissioning activities. The control measures will be inspected to ensure that they will function in the event of adverse weather conditions. Any deficiencies that are observed in drainage, erosion and sediment control measures will be immediately corrected. Non-Hazardous 69. Collect construction debris (e.g., welding rods, oil cans, ropes, bands, Hazardous Material timbers and caps) and other non-hazardous materials on a regular basis and Disposal dispose in accordance with Trans Mountain Waste Management Standard and the applicable regulatory requirements. Ensure that waste is recycled, where practical. Hazardous Material 70. Dispose of hazardous materials according to the Trans Mountain Waste Disposal Management Standard.

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Hazardous 71. Personnel will be made aware of their responsibilities for proper handling, Material Storage identification, documentation and storage of hazardous materials. 72. Personnel handling hazardous materials will possess valid Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System training (Health Canada 2015). 73. An appropriate number of portable toilets will be made available to ensure that each crew has ready access to washroom facilities. The facilities will be serviced and cleaned regularly and will be adequately secured. All site personnel are to use the provided portable toilets. 74. Store bulk hazardous materials in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements. Store hazardous materials in designated areas and dispose in accordance with the Trans Mountain Waste Management Standard.. 75. All tanks containing hazardous materials must be double walled. Store bulk tanks containing hazardous materials (e.g., fuel for construction equipment) in a bermed area lined with an impervious polyethylene liner. Remove any rainwater that accumulates within the containment structure, if authorized by the Environmental Inspector. If there is a visible hydrocarbon sheen, the water in the containment structure will be collected for proper storage and disposal at an approved facility. 76. Secondary storage for all fuel storage tanks is required. Oversized secondary containment for hydrocarbons will be designed and sized in accordance with appropriate Provincial and Federal requirements. 77. Visually inspect fuel tanks on a regular basis, as well as when the tank is re- filled. Maintain inspection records for each tank, where warranted. Take remedial action as soon as a crack, dent or leak is detected. Spill Prevention 78. Report spills immediately to the Environmental Inspector for reporting to the local Trans Mountain Control Centre and the Trans Mountain EHS Advisor. All communication to regulators will be completed by Trans Mountain personnel. Where appropriate, implement measures included in the Fuels and Hazardous Materials Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP). 79. Place an impervious tarp or drip tray underneath equipment and vehicles when performing service and routine maintenance (e.g., oil changes and servicing of hydraulic systems). 80. Maintain all appropriate spill equipment at all work sites. Assess the risk of resource-specific spills to determine the appropriate type and quantity of spill response equipment and materials to be stored on-site, and a suitable location for storage. Ensure that Operators and On-Site Construction Foremen are trained to contain spills or leakage from equipment when they arrive on-site. 81. Ensure that during decommissioning, no fuel, lubricating fluids, hydraulic fluids, methanol, antifreeze, herbicides, biocides or other chemicals are discharged onto the ground or into the watercourse. 82. Transport, handle, use and dispose of hazardous materials in accordance with Provincial and Federal regulatory requirements.

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Spill Prevention 83. Ensure that bulk fuel trucks, service vehicles and pick-up trucks equipped (cont’d) with box-mounted fuel tanks carry spill prevention, containment and clean-up materials that are suitable for the volume of fuels or oils carried. Carry spill response supplies on bulk fuel and service vehicles that are suitable for use on land and water (i.e., sorbent pads, sorbent boom and rope). • all containers, hoses and nozzles are free of leaks; • all fuel nozzles are equipped with automatic shut-offs; • Operators are stationed at both ends of the hose during fuelling, unless the ends are visible and readily accessible by one Operator; and • fuel remaining in the hose is returned to the storage facility. 84. Only metal spill-proof Occupational Safety and Health Administration- approved fuel containers are permitted on Trans Mountain sites. Plastic jerry cans are not permitted on Trans Mountain sites. 85. Do not wash equipment or machinery in or near the Coquihalla River or any other adjacent watercourse. Control wastewater from decommissioning activities to avoid discharge directly into any body of water. 86. Conduct refuelling a minimum of 100 m from any watercourse or wetland, unless otherwise approved by an Environmental Inspector. Employ the following measures to limit the risk of fuel spills in water if re-fuelling within 100 m of a watercourse, wetland or lake is approved by an Environmental Inspector: • all containers, hoses, nozzles are free of leaks; • all fuel nozzles are equipped with automatic shut-offs; • Operators are stationed at both ends of the hose during fuelling, unless the ends are visible and readily accessible by one Operator; and • fuel remaining in the hose is returned to the storage facility.

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8.0 SURVEY AND CLEARING 8.1 Introduction The following potential mitigation measures may be implemented by Trans Mountain, its Contractors and Subcontractors during the clearing phase of pipeline decommissioning.

8.2 Objective The objectives of these mitigation measures are to:

• delineate the pipeline footprint;

• limit disturbance of vegetation (i.e., salvageable timber and native vegetation) to the extent practical; and

• reduce surface disturbance, to the extent practical, and promote the natural re- generation of vegetation.

The following mitigation measures may be implemented, as warranted, by Trans Mountain, its Contractors and Subcontractors before beginning Project activities.

Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Clearing 1. Conduct clearing and mowing in accordance with applicable wildlife timing restrictions (i.e., migratory bird nesting periods). Staking/Flagging 2. Confirm the placement of stakes, flags and signage along the pipeline footprint. Replace any stakes, flags and signage damaged during pre- clearing. Hotline Exposure/ 3. Ensure that all hydrovac tanks are clean and free of contaminants prior to use Hydrovac on-site. 4. All hydrovac material can be placed on-site per Trans Mountain’s procedures. 5. If contaminated or potentially contaminated soils are discovered during hydrovac activities, refer to the potential mitigation measures for contaminated soils covered in Section 7.0 of this EPP. 6. Implement the appropriate measures presented in the Contamination Discovery Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP) if contaminated or potentially contaminated soils are discovered during hydrovac activities. Ensure hydrovac slurry with suspected contamination is stored and disposed of in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements. 7. Backfill and compact all hydrovac holes during rough clean-up with sand to ensure that settling of material does not pose a hazard for wildlife. Clearing Limits 8. Ensure that the TWS boundaries as approved by the Section 39 permit are confirmed, staked and flagged prior to the commencement of clearing. 9. Confine all clearing and mowing within the staked and flagged boundaries. Clear vegetation from only those areas essential for decommissioning. Adhere to clearing and mowing restrictions associated with riparian buffer areas (i.e., not more than 1/3 of the woody vegetation), and in areas where sensitive environmental features have been identified as outlined on the EAS (Appendix C of this EPP). 10. Where TWS within the riparian buffer is required to facilitate decommissioning, explore reasonable alternatives to clearing riparian vegetation (i.e., rig matting, Enviro-bridging or other means) prior to clearing.

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Clearing Limits 11. Seek guidance from an Environmental Inspector to determine the location (cont’d) and size of areas where clearing is to be avoided or reduced in proximity to sensitive environmental features. 12. Install drainage control measures (e.g., sediment fences) as soon as feasible, following clearing and as approved by an Environmental Inspector to reduce the risk of erosion and sedimentation (see Sediment Fence Dwg. D-2 in Appendix D of this EPP). 13. Use methods that leave the sod/vegetation layer (i.e., deciduous woody root layer) intact, where feasible. Sensitive Terrain 14. Use clearing methods that avoid or reduce disturbance to the ground surface on sensitive terrain, where approved by an Environmental Inspector. Forest Health 15. Report and track the potential discovery of any previously unidentified forest Measures – General health concerns encountered during decommissioning to an Environmental Inspector, who will consult a qualified Timber Resource Specialist if required. Non-Salvageable 16. Clear non-merchantable timber with a cutter blade (or equivalent) attached to Timber a suitable piece of equipment (e.g., dozer). This will assist in maintaining an intact ground surface in areas where grading is not warranted. Angle the blade and make initial passes down boundaries of the pipeline footprint. 17. Use brushcutters, brushhogs or other equipment to mulch/chip stumps of cleared non-merchantable timber and reduce terrain disturbance by maintaining an intact ground surface in areas where grubbing and grading is not warranted. Grubbing 18. Postpone root grubbing until immediately prior to the salvaging of topsoil along segments of the pipeline footprint where there is a potential for soil erosion to occur, due to sloping terrain and erodible soils. 19. Restrict root grubbing to areas where soil removal is necessary (e.g., trench line and areas to be graded) to reduce surface disturbance and encourage re-sprouting/natural re-generation of trees and shrubs. 20. Where grubbing and grading are not necessary, salvage stumps for rollback and mow surface vegetation (i.e., shrubs and small trees) to ground level to preserve topsoil and establish a smooth working surface. 21. Perform grubbing in a manner that minimizes the potential to damage adjacent trees. Consider cutting vegetation close to the ground and maintaining the root structure within 2 m of the edge of the pipeline footprint and grade cut, where feasible. Slash Disposal 22. Confirm slash disposal requirements where disposal methods are subject to agreements with applicable regulatory requirements. 23. Confirm slash disposal requirements where disposal methods are subject to agreements with BC MFLNRORD. 24. Dispose of slash through mechanical mulching, unless otherwise approved by an Environmental Inspector or the Appropriate Government Authority. Mulch or chip in-place on non-agricultural lands, or chip and haul slash to a Trans Mountain-approved disposal location. 25. Spread mulch to a shallow depth not exceeding 5 cm to allow vegetation re- generation along the Project right-of-way.

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9.0 TOPSOIL HANDLING AND GRADING 9.1 Introduction The following potential mitigation measures may be implemented by Trans Mountain, its Contractors and Subcontractors during topsoil handling and grading decommissioning activities.

9.2 Objective The objectives of these mitigation measures are to avoid or reduce effects on topsoil productivity and surface drainage patterns, and to conserve surface material to facilitate reclamation of disturbed areas.

The following mitigation measures may be implemented, as warranted, by Trans Mountain, its Contractors and Subcontractors before beginning Project activities.

Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Environmental 1. Refer to mitigation measures provided under the Staking/Flagging and Features Signage in Section 6.0 of this EPP. Confirm the placement of stakes, flags and signage along the pipeline footprint following clearing and prior to topsoil handling and grading. Replace any stakes, damaged fencing, flags and signage. Signage 2. Clearly mark, with staking, flagging and signage, locations requiring special soil handling techniques, as indicated on the EAS (Appendix C of this EPP). 3. Stake and label topsoil windrows to assist in identification of topsoil versus spoil, as warranted, where the piles are not easily distinguished or will be left in-place through different seasons. Storage of 4. Environmental Inspector to determine if topsoil windrows and piles should be Topsoil Windrows covered to prevent erosion and weed growth until the soil is replaced. Implement additional mitigation measures to control erosion and weed growth, when warranted, as outlined in the Soil Erosion Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP). Dust Control 5. Identify suitable water withdrawal locations for use as dust suppression prior to water withdrawal. 6. Ensure that water withdrawn for dust control does not exceed volumes listed in the BC WSA Section 10 permit. 7. Water down the pipeline footprint, when warranted, to reduce or avoid the potential for dust emissions due to soil pulverization. Increase the frequency of watering roads and sites during periods of high risk (e.g., high winds). Additional dust abatement measures (e.g., covering topsoil windrows, applying a tackifier, or both) will be implemented, when warranted and approved by an Environmental Inspector. 8. Ensure that watering of roads and/or the pipeline footprint does not generate excessive formation of surface water accumulation (i.e., puddles or excessive mud generation) or result in overland water flow or sedimentation of the Coquihalla River. Timing 9. Ensure that decommissioning activities do not cause excessive rutting, soil compaction or pulverization. Consider alternate soil handling measures and adhere to the measures outlined in the Wet or Thawed Soils Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP).

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Soil Handling 10. Salvage to a depth of 15 cm during topsoil salvage if any of the following are Contingency encountered: Measures • little or no topsoil; • poor colour separation between topsoil and subsoils; • stony soils; and • high winds 11. Implement the Wet/Thawed Soils Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP) during wet or thawed soil conditions when soils are too wet for an activity. Soils will be considered to be excessively wet when the planned activity could cause damage to soil due to rutting through the surface material into the subsoil, soil structure damage during soil handling or compaction and associated pulverization of surface material due to heavy traffic. The decision to continue or suspend particular decommissioning activities on lands with excessively wet/thawed soils will be made by the Construction Manager in consultation an Environmental Inspector. Topsoil Salvage – 12. Salvage topsoil from the pipeline footprint (i.e., trench, spoil storage and work Non-Frozen areas) on level terrain, and from all areas to be graded on all land uses during Conditions non-frozen conditions or as shown on the EAS (see Topsoil Salvage in Forest – Full Width Dwg. D-3a and D-3b and Topsoil Salvage [Graded] – Non-Frozen Dwg. D4a and D-4b in Appendix D of this EPP). 13. Where the topsoil is not clearly identifiable, salvage the top 15 cm of material. 14. Complete topsoil salvage prior to freeze-up in areas where decommissioning is initiated in non-frozen conditions, if feasible. Topsoil Preservation 15. Utilize matting or other winter construction methods for areas where – Frozen Conditions excavation is not required (i.e., access roads and TWS) rather than stripping topsoil, as approved and directed by the Environmental Inspector. Topsoil Salvage – 16. Salvage topsoil from all areas being excavated. This includes a minimum of Frozen Conditions a blade width, or up to 6 m of topsoil centred over the trench during frozen conditions in areas where grading is not required (see Topsoil Salvage – Blade Width/Frozen Dwg. D-5a and D-5b in Appendix D of this EPP) as well as all areas being hydrovaced or containing hydrovac slurry. Refer to Section 8.0 of this EPP for measures to be implemented for hydrovac activities. 17. Where the topsoil is not clearly identifiable, salvage the top 15 cm of material. Stony Soils 18. Attempt to use conventional equipment (e.g., grader or dozer) to salvage topsoil. Employ a backhoe if the conventional equipment is ineffective. Treed/Shrub Land 19. Salvage the litter layer in addition to the surface soil to the depths indicated on the EAS. 20. Salvage very shallow surface soils (i.e., organic and mineral soils) to at least a 15 cm depth, unless the material is unsuitable (e.g., bedrock, gravel and rock). Storage of Salvaged 21. Windrow salvaged topsoil using the applicable soil handling drawings as a Topsoil guide (see Dwgs. D3 Topsoil Salvage in Forest in Appendix D of this EPP). When determining the location of topsoil windrows on the pipeline footprint, consider the excavation equipment to be used, the depth and width of the trench, local topography, the presence of nearby existing hotlines, drainage and the susceptibility of the trench walls to sloughing.

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Wind Erosion 22. Tackify, apply water or snow or pack the topsoil windrow if soils are likely to be prone to wind erosion according to the Soil Erosion and Sediment Control Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP). Topsoils susceptible to wind erosion are indicated on the EAS (Appendix C of this EPP). Note that once topsoil is salvaged and stockpiled, it becomes more susceptible to wind erosion. Temporary Berms/ 23. Install sediment control structures (e.g., temporary berms on approach slopes Sediment Fences to watercourses and sediment fences near the base of approach slopes to watercourses) following grading (see Sediment Fence Dwg. D-2 in Appendix D of this EPP). Inspect the temporary sediment control structures daily and repair, if warranted.

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10.0 PIPELINE DECOMMISSIONING ACTIVITIES 10.1 Introduction The existing Coquihalla No. 15 and No. 16 River Crossings will be decommissioned in-place following the successful commissioning of the replacement crossings.

10.2 Objective The objective of these mitigation measures is to avoid and reduce the potential environmental effects associated with pipeline decommissioning.

The following mitigation measures may be implemented, as warranted, by Trans Mountain, its Contractors and Subcontractors before beginning Project activities.

Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Approvals, 1. Adhere to all conditions of approvals, licences and/or permits. Licences and Inconsistencies between conditions of different permits will be rectified prior Permits to decommissioning. Workspace 2. Clearly mark, with staking and/or flagging, the boundaries of the decommissioning site and any workspace areas or temporary access required for the decommissioning activities. Regulatory Contact 3. Document all field regulatory contacts and direct them to the Construction Manager and the Trans Mountain EHS Advisor. Scheduling 4. Review the wildlife timing restrictions in Section 7.0 of this EPP applicable to decommissioning-related activities prior to scheduling decommissioning activities. Weeds 5. Review and implement the mitigative measures pertaining to weeds and equipment cleaning in Section 7.0. Topsoil 6. Review and implement the mitigation measures pertaining to topsoil salvage Salvage/Storage and storage in Section 9.0 of this EPP. Erosion of 7. Implement the Soil Erosion Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP) when Topsoil Windrow wind or water erosion of the topsoil windrow is a concern. Pipeline 8. Review and implement the mitigative measures pertaining to spill prevention Exposure/Hydrovac and spill clean-up in Section 7.0 of this EPP. Contaminated Soils 9. Implement the Contaminated Soils Discovery Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP) if contaminated or potentially contaminated soils are encountered and follow remediation procedures outlined in the plan. Dewatering 10. Dewater the trench, if warranted, when decommissioning in areas with high-water tables. Pump water onto stable and well-vegetated areas, tarpaulins or sheeting in a manner that does not cause erosion or any unfiltered or silted water to re-enter the Coquihalla River or any other watercourse or waterbody. 11. Do not locate dewatering points within 50 m of the Coquihalla River. Pigging Debris 12. Collect and dispose of pigging debris in accordance with applicable Provincial guidelines.

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Cut and Cap Pipeline 13. Purge and thoroughly clean the decommissioned pipeline prior to cutting and capping. 14. Where the pipeline will be cut and capped, cap the pipeline with steel plate material to prevent water from entering or flowing through the pipeline. 15. Place collection trays below the pipeline during cutting to catch any liquids that may be present in the pipeline. Ensure that adequately sized containment is present to capture the liquids that may be released. 16. Maintain spill response equipment at the pipeline cut locations. Refer to Section 7.0 of this EPP for mitigative measures pertaining to spills. In the event of a spill, implement the Fuels and Hazardous Materials Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP). 17. Fill the replacement pipeline segments with cementitious grout prior to back filling. Hazardous Material 18. Review and implement the mitigative measures pertaining to hazardous Disposal material disposal presented in Section 7.0 of this EPP. Backfill, Clean-Up 19. Review and implement the mitigative measures pertaining to backfilling and Reclamation presented in Section 11.0 of this EPP. 20. Review and implement the mitigative measures pertaining to clean-up and reclamation presented in Section 12.0 of this EPP. Monitoring 21. The decommissioning pipeline will be monitored during Trans Mountain’s routine operations and maintenance activities.

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11.0 BACKFILLING 11.1 Introduction The following potential mitigation measures may be implemented by Trans Mountain, its Contractors and Subcontractors during backfilling activities for the pipeline.

11.2 Objectives The objectives of these potential mitigation measures are to:

• protect the pipeline and prevent subsidence of the trench;

• ensure that excavated materials from the trench are properly replaced;

• properly re-establish subsurface drainage; and

• facilitate cross pipeline right-of-way drainage.

The following mitigation measures may be implemented, as warranted, by Trans Mountain, its Contractors and Subcontractors before beginning Project activities.

Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Imported Backfill 1. Identify potential sources for additional or replacement backfill prior to decommissioning that do not contain contaminates or weed infestations. Seek prior approval from the Environmental Inspector and Trans Mountain’s EHS department for the use of these materials and sources. 2. Consult with Trans Mountain’s EHS department for the testing requirements and results that must be met prior to importing additional or replacement backfill. Timing 3. Backfill the trench, as soon as practical, following excavation to reduce hazards to wildlife/livestock and frost penetration of the trench walls. Backfill Trench 4. Refer to Section 7.0 of this EPP for mitigation measures pertaining to wildlife observed in the trench. 5. Re-compact fine-textured trench spoil in lifts and compact in accordance with engineering and construction specifications to avoid trench subsidence and over-compaction of subsoils. 6. Backfill the trench without mixing spoil with topsoil windrow or snow. Do not walk equipment on the topsoil windrow while backfilling spoil. 7. Avoid scalping of the vegetation mat on cleared, ungrubbed vegetation (e.g., riparian areas during backfilling). Use equipment (e.g., clean-up bucket) for a final pass of backfilling, which will reduce scalping. 8. Ensure that the lower lift of subsoil is backfilled and compacted prior to the replacement of the upper lift of subsoil where three-lift soils handling has been conducted. 9. Avoid mixing snow with spoil material during backfill during winter decommissioning, to the extent feasible. 10. Postpone compaction of frozen trench spoil until final clean-up in summer, as directed by the Construction Manager. 11. Do not over-compact backfill material. Compact subsoils according to the Trans Mountain Pipeline Construction Specifications (Trans Mountain 2017b).

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Crown Trench 12. Crown the trench with remaining spoil to allow for settlement. A larger crown will be needed to compensate for settlement after thawing if the pipeline is constructed during frozen soil conditions. Excess Trench Spoil 13. Feather-out excess trench spoil over the salvaged portion of the pipeline footprint during non-frozen soil conditions to avoid the creation of a permanent trench crown. Excess spoil must not be feathered-out over the salvaged area to an extent that will cause excessive subsidence of the trench. Re-contour Pipeline 14. Replace grade material to a contour that will approximate the Footprint pre-decommissioning contour, except where it is not safe to do so. Postpone re-grading of the pipeline footprint until after spring breakup where the grade spoil piles have been frozen to an extent that would impede reclamation of the pipeline footprint to its pre-decommissioning profile during frozen conditions.

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12.0 DECOMMISSIONING CLEAN-UP AND RECLAMATION 12.1 Introduction Clean-up and reclamation are important steps in returning decommissioning sites to a condition similar to pre-decommissioning. The following potential mitigation measures may be implemented, as warranted, by Trans Mountain, its Contractors and Subcontractors during decommissioning clean-up and reclamation activities.

12.2 Objectives The objectives of these potential mitigation measures are to:

• remove decommissioning debris and materials;

• re-establish the pipeline right-of-way to a stable condition acceptable for operational requirements;

• effectively use reclamation techniques that prevent surface material loss due to wind and water erosion;

• establish a vegetative cover compatible with surrounding vegetation and land uses, and deter the proliferation of weeds; and

• maintain equivalent land productivity, ensuring that the ability of the land to support various land uses is similar to the uses that existed prior to decommissioning.

The following mitigation measures may be implemented, as warranted, by Trans Mountain, its Contractors and Subcontractors before beginning Project activities.

12.2.1 Machine Clean-Up The following activity-specific mitigation measures for machine clean-up will be implemented following decommissioning by the Contractor.

Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Approvals, 1. Ensure that applicable approvals, licences and permits necessary for Licences and relevant reclamation activities are in-place prior to commencing those Permits activities. Refer to the permitting and notification information provided in Section 5.0 of this EPP. Assess 2. Assess the erosion hazard prior to the commencement of machine and final Erosion Hazard clean-up. This assessment will be completed by the Construction Contractor, in consultation with the Environmental Inspector. 3. The Contractor will implement appropriate erosion control measures, as approved by the Environmental Inspector, that may be required in addition to those recommended on the EAS or noted elsewhere in this EPP. Scheduling 4. Commence machine clean-up prior to spring breakup along segments that were constructed during the winter, but that are accessible in the summer. Perform final clean-up once the trench has settled after spring breakup. 5. Complete all phases of clean-up on segments constructed during non-frozen conditions as soon as practical and prior to freeze-up. 6. Postpone clean-up work on excessively wet soils until conditions are suitable. Refer to wet/thawed soil mitigation provided in Section 9.0 of this EPP.

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Subsoil Compaction 7. Rip compacted subsoils, where adjacent compaction levels are exceeded, on the pipeline footprint adjacent to the ditch line to a depth of 30 cm or the depth of compaction, whichever is deeper. If soils are moist, postpone the decompaction of subsoils until soils dry, to ensure that the measures are effective. Swamp Mats, 8. Remove synthetic geotextile, swamp mats and matting from all locations on Matting and the pipeline footprint during clean-up, unless otherwise approved by an Geotextiles Environmental Inspector. Review the UTM coordinates for locations where the above materials were installed to confirm that all materials are removed. Note that erosion and sediment control measures are to remain in-place, where warranted, until vegetation is re-established. Debris 9. Remove all remaining refuse and debris from the pipeline footprint. Sediment Fences 10. Install temporary sediment fences, where warranted, to control sedimentation prior to final clean-up and the establishment of permanent erosion and sediment control measures (see Sediment Fence Dwg. D-2 in Appendix D of this EPP). Topsoil Windrows 11. Walk down the topsoil windrow and windrow snow over the material to reduce the risk of wind erosion during the winter. Consider tackifying or watering down the topsoil windrow if snow is not available. 12.2.2 Final Clean-Up The following activity-specific mitigation measures for rough clean-up will be implemented following decommissioning by the Contractor.

Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Scheduling 1. Refer to Section 10 of this EPP for clean-up scheduling mitigation measures. Re-contouring 2. Re-grade areas with vehicle ruts, erosion gullies or where the trench has settled. Surface Drainage 3. Re-establish subsoil berms and cap with topsoil where grading or extensive disturbance to the surface layer has occurred. Construct berms of timbers, imported logs or sandbags where disturbance of the surface layer was limited. Woody Debris 4. Distribute salvaged small diameter slash in areas with erodible or sandy soils. 5. On non-agricultural lands, distribute salvaged small-diameter slash in areas with erodible or sandy soils. Topsoil 6. Replace topsoil evenly over all portions of the pipeline footprint that have Replacement been stripped. 7. Postpone topsoil replacement during wet conditions or high winds to prevent damage to soil structure or erosion of topsoil. Seeding 8. Ensure that only Trans Mountain-approved seed mixtures are used for re- seeding and ensure that seed certifications are retained. Vegetation/Tree 9. Replace trees according to the inventory of trees and shrubs removed during Replacement clearing according to the BC Tree Replacement Criteria. 10. Replace any rare plants salvaged, in accordance with the Plant Species or Ecological Communities of Concern Discovery Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP).

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Activity/Concern Potential Mitigation Measures Erosion Control 11. Control wind and water erosion using one or a combination of the measures listed as follows, as well as the measures in the Soil Erosion Contingency Plan (Appendix B of this EPP). The appropriate option for the site-specific conditions will be selected in consultation with an Environmental Inspector. 12. Install rollback, coir/straw logs or an erosion control blanket on exposed, moderately to highly erodible soils (see Rollback Dwg. D-6, Erosion and Sediment Control - Coir/Straw Log Installation Dwg. D-7 and Erosion Control - Matting Dwg. D-8 in Appendix D of this EPP). 13. Apply tackifier on disturbed soils at a rate recommended by the supplier where soil erosion by wind may be problematic. See the EAS (Appendix C of this EPP). 14. Install a brush wind barrier comprised of above ground stems and shrubs at highly exposed sites prone to wind erosion where soils may be difficult to stabilize. See Erosion Control – Brush Wind Barrier Dwg. D-9 in Appendix D of this EPP. 15. Rollback slash and small-diameter, salvageable timber on steep slopes on non-agricultural lands and approach slopes to watercourses. Do not bury rollback when walking down with a dozer. Leave gaps in rollback at all obvious wildlife trails. 16. Refer to the EAS (Appendix C of this EPP) for areas with erodible soils. Post- 17. Ensure the complete pipeline footprint is surveyed and the survey information Decommissioning is provided to the Appropriate Government Authorities. Permit 18. Ensure all post-decommissioning permit requirements have been satisfied Requirements and all supporting documentation, including survey information, have been supplied to the Appropriate Government Authorities.

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13.0 REFERENCES 13.1 Literature Cited Blackburn, I., B. D’Anjou, J. Fisher, C. Galliazzo, J. Jonker, A. Peter and L. Waterhouse. 2009. Best Management Practices for Managing Spotted Owl Habitat. A Component of the Spotted Owl Management Plan 2. Chilliwack Forest District. Squamish Forest District. Prepared for BC MFLNRO). 2014. A Compendium of Wildlife Guidelines for Industrial Development Projects in the North Area, British Columbia. Interim Guidance. 206 pp.

British Columbia Ministry of Environment (BC MOE). 2004. Waste Discharge Regulation B.C. Reg. 320/2004. Website: http://www.bclaws.ca/Recon/document/ID/freeside/50_320_2004. Accessed: January 2016.

British Columbia Ministry of Environment (BC MOE). 2013. Guidelines for Raptor Conservation during Urban and Rural Land Development in British Columbia (2013). A companion document to Develop with Care 2012: website: http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/wld/documents/bmp/raptor_conservation_guidelines_2013.pdf. Accessed: December 2019

British Columbia Ministry of Environment (BC MOE). 2014. Develop with Care: Environmental Guidelines for Urban and Rural Development in British Columbia. https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/environment/natural-resource-stewardship/best-management- practices/develop-with-care/dwc-section-4.pdf. Accessed January 2020.

British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations (BC MFLNRO). 2014. A Compendium of Wildlife Guidelines for Industrial Development Projects in the North Area, British Columbia. http://a100.gov.bc.ca/pub/eirs/finishDownloadDocument.do?subdocumentId=9921. Accessed January 2020.

British Columbia Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection (BC MWLAP). 2004a. Wildlife Habitat Features Summary of Management Guidelines: Northern Interior Forest Region. British Columbia Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection, Biodiversity Branch. Victoria, BC. 117 pp. British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission. 2016. Environmental Protection and Management Guidebook. Version 2.2., March 2016. 71 pp.

British Columbia Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection (BC MWLAP). 2004b. Standards and Best Practices for Instream Works. Website: http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/wld/documents/bmp/iswstdsbpsmarch2004.pdf. Accessed: October 2013.

British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission (BC OGC). 2009. British Columbia Noise Control Best Practices Guideline. Website: http://www.bcogc.ca/node/8152/download. Accessed: October 2013.

British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission (BC OGC). 2016. Environmental Protection and Management Guideline. Version 2.3. Website: http://www.bcogc.ca/node/5899/download. Accessed: January 2017.

British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission (BC OGC). 2018. Environmental Protection and Management Guideline. Version 2.7., December 2018. 126 pp.

Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP), Canadian Energy Pipeline Association, Canadian Gas Association. 2012. Pipeline Associated Watercourse Crossings. Website: http://www.neb-one.gc.ca/clf-nsi/rsftyndthnvrnmnt/nvrnmnt/lfcclpprch/pplnwtrcrssngs2005- eng.pdf. Accessed: October 2013.

Canadian Standards Association (CSA). 2015. CSA Z662 Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems. Mississauga, ON.

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Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC). 2018. General nesting periods of migratory birds. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/avoiding-harm-migratory- birds/general-nesting-periods/nesting-periods.html. Last updated 2018-10-30. Accessed December 2019.

Government of British Columbia (Government of BC). 2017. Wildlife/Danger Tree Assessor’s Course Workbook. https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/environment/plants-animals-and- ecosystems/conservation-habitat-management/wildlife-conservation/wildlife-tree- committee/parks-handbook.pdf. Accessed January 2020.

Health Canada. 2015. Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System. Website: http://www.hc- sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/occup-travail/whmis-simdut/index-eng.php. Accessed: June 2016.

National Energy Board (NEB). 2013. Memorandum of Understanding between Transport Canada and the National Energy Board for Pipelines and Power Lines Subject to the National Energy Board Act and Canada Oil and Gas Operations Act. Calgary, AB. 8 pp.

NatureServe. 2020. NatureServe Explorer - An Online Encyclopedia of Life. http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/index.htm. Accessed January 2020.

Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC (Trans Mountain). 2017a. Environment, Health and Safety Policy. Calgary, AB. 1 pp.

Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC (Trans Mountain). 2017b. Pipeline Construction Specifications. Calgary, AB. 100 pp.

13.2 GIS Data and Mapping References British Columbia Crown Registry and Geographic Base Branch. 2010. Digital Road Atlas (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available: https://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/dwds/home.so. Acquired: July 2011. Last Update Check: December 2011.

British Columbia Environment and Climate Change Strategy. 2011. Ground Water Wells (Digital Data). Available: https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/ground-water-wells. Acquired November 2, 2017.

British Columbia Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations. 2008. BC Freshwater Atlas Stream Network (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available: https://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/dwds/home.so. Acquired: July 2011. Last Update Check: January 20, 2014.

British Columbia Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations. 2011. Old Growth Management Areas - Legal (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available: https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/old-growth- management-areas-legal-current. Acquired: July 31, 2017.

British Columbia Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations. 2012. Drinking Water Sources (Surface Water PODs) (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available: https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/drinking-water-sources-surface-water-pods. Acquired: November 2, 2017.

British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations. 2008. Tantalis Parks, Ecological Reserves and Protected Areas (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available: https://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/dwds/home.so. Acquired: May 2014. Last Update Check: November 20, 2014. Modified with Cadastral data provided by ProgressLands, August 28, 2016.

British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations. 2017. Invasive Alien Plant Site (digital file). Victoria, BC. Available: https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/invasive-alien- plant-site. Acquired: April 2017. Last Update Check: April 13, 2017.

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CH2M HILL Energy Canada, Ltd. 2017. Compiled Weed Survey (digital file). Calgary, AB. Compiled Jan 20, 2017.

CH2M HILL Energy Canada, Ltd. 2017. Wetland Classifications (digital file). Calgary, AB. Last update check: October 11, 2017.

Kinder Morgan Canada. 2006-12. 0.5cm - 1m B/W & Colour Orthophotography (digital file). Calgary, AB. Received via FTP. Imagery in map current to 2010.

Kinder Morgan Canada. 2012. Trans Mountain Pipeline Baseline Routing, KP (digital files). Calgary, AB. Received via FTP. Acquired: May 9, 2012. Last Update Check: N/A.

TERA Environmental Consultants. 2008. Hillshade. Derived from Natural Resources Canada, Earth Sciences Sector, Centre for Topographic Information. 2000-2008. Canadian Digital Elevation Data 250k (digital files). Sherbrooke, QC. Available: http://www.geobase.ca/geobase/en/data/cded/index.html. Acquired: 2008. Last Update Check: December 2010.

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APPENDIX A

CONTACTS

Contact Location Phone Number

Trans Mountain – Environmental, Health and Safety Burnaby (604) 268-3008 Trans Mountain – Environmental, Health and Safety (Kamloops) Kamloops (250) 371-4017 Trans Mountain Operations Supervisor Clearwater (250) 587-6350 Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) Hope (604) 869-7750 Ambulance Hope (604) 872-5151 Hospital Hope (604) 869-5656 Emergency Services Emergency British Columbia Disaster Services Kamloops (250) 371-5240 British Columbia Spill Reporting BC (800) 663-3456

British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission BC (800) 663-7867 BC One Call BC (800) 474-6886 Canada Energy Regulator BC (800) 899-1265

(Emergency) Transportation Safety Board of Canada BC (819) 994-3741 gulatory Contacts Contacts gulatory

Re Forest Fire Reporting Centre BC (800) 663-5555

British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations and Region 2 – Lower (604) 586-4400 Rural Development Mainland British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission – Head Office BC (250) 794-5200 (P j t) Contacts Contacts Regulatory Regulatory (800) 663-7867

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APPENDIX B

CONTINGENCY PLANS

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 PLANT SPECIES OR ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES OF CONCERN DISCOVERY CONTINGENCY PLAN ...... B-3 2.0 WILDLIFE SPECIES OF CONCERN DISCOVERY CONTINGENCY PLAN ...... B-4 2.1 Wildlife Species of Concern Discovery Prior to Decommissioning ...... B-4 2.2 Wildlife Species of Concern Discovery During Decommissioning ...... B-4 3.0 TRADITIONAL LAND USE SITES DISCOVERY CONTINGENCY PLAN ...... B-6 3.1 Traditional Land Use Sites Identified Prior to Decommissioning ...... B-6 3.2 Hunting ...... B-6 3.3 Fishing ...... B-6 3.4 Plant Gathering ...... B-7 3.5 Trails and Travelways ...... B-7 3.6 Habitation Sites ...... B-7 3.7 Gathering Places ...... B-8 3.8 Sacred Areas ...... B-8 3.9 Traditional Land Use Sites Discovered During Decommissioning ...... B-8 4.0 HERITAGE RESOURCES DISCOVERY CONTINGENCY PLAN ...... B-9 4.1 Heritage Resources Discovery Prior to Decommissioning ...... B-9 4.2 Heritage Resource Discovery During Decommissioning ...... B-9 4.3 Human Remains Discovered During Decommissioning ...... B-10 5.0 CONTAMINATED SOILS DISCOVERY CONTINGENCY PLAN ...... B-11 6.0 FLOOD AND EXCESSIVE FLOW CONTINGENCY PLAN ...... B-12 7.0 SOIL EROSION CONTINGENCY MEASURES ...... B-13 8.0 WET OR THAWED SOILS CONTINGENCY PLAN ...... B-14 9.0 SOIL/SOD PULVERIZATION CONTINGENCY PLAN ...... B-15 9.1 Criteria for Implementation ...... B-15 10.0 SPILL SCENE CHECKLIST ...... B-16

LIST OF TABLES Table B-1 Criteria for the Suspension of Activities Due to Excessively Wet or Thawed Soil Conditions ...... B-14

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1.0 PLANT SPECIES OR ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES OF CONCERN DISCOVERY CONTINGENCY PLAN In the event that rare vascular plants or sensitive ecological communities are discovered during future vegetation studies along the pipeline route, the plant or ecological community will be assessed and appropriate mitigation measures will be determined prior to decommissioning of the pipeline. The appropriate mitigation measures will be determined following an assessment, which will include the following:

• the location of the plant or ecological community on the decommissioning right-of-way;

• the relative rarity of the plant or ecological community (i.e., regionally, nationally);

• the local abundance of the plant or ecological community;

• the growth habit and propagation strategy of the plant or ecological community; and

• the habitat preferences of the plant or ecological community.

The suite of mitigation options (i.e., staged mitigation) that may be implemented includes the following:

• narrow down the proposed area of disturbance and protect the site using fencing or clearly mark the site using flagging;

• temporarily cover the site with geotextile pads, flex net or swamp mats; or

• propagate rare plants or specific portions of sensitive ecological communities via vegetative or reproductive means (e.g., harvesting of seed from the decommissioning right-of-way or adjacent area, salvaging and transplanting portions of sod and surrounding vegetation or collecting of cuttings).

The Resource-Specific Mitigation Table will outline appropriate mitigation measures to be implemented at each site. The Environmental Alignment Sheets (EAS) will be amended, if warranted, to incorporate these mitigation measures.

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2.0 WILDLIFE SPECIES OF CONCERN DISCOVERY CONTINGENCY PLAN 2.1 Wildlife Species of Concern Discovery Prior to Decommissioning In the event that a wildlife species of concern or a site-specific wildlife habitat feature (e.g., a stick nest) is discovered prior to decommissioning along the proposed pipeline route, the discovery will be reviewed and appropriate mitigation measures will be determined. The wildlife species of concern or wildlife habitat feature will be reviewed based on the following criteria:

• the location of the wildlife species or wildlife habitat feature in relation to the proposed area of development;

• the presence of topographic features or vegetation to effectively screen the wildlife species or wildlife habitat feature from decommissioning activities;

• the timing of decommissioning versus the recommended timing window for activity for the wildlife species or wildlife habitat feature; and

• the potential to alter the decommissioning activities to minimize or avoid sensory disturbance.

The mitigation measures available include the following:

• comply with the recommended timing window;

• comply with the recommended setback distance;

• narrow down the proposed area of disturbance and protect the site using fencing or clearly mark the site using flagging;

• extend road or watercourse bores to avoid or minimize effects on the site;

• inform all users of access restrictions in the vicinity of flagged or fenced sites;

• re-align the route to avoid the site;

• allow natural recovery, apply native seed or salvage and transplant vegetation where vegetation removal cannot be avoided;

• install nest boxes or platforms for birds and raptors if appropriate; and

• with the appropriate permit and regulatory consent, re-locate species (e.g., amphibians), if practical.

2.2 Wildlife Species of Concern Discovery During Decommissioning In the event that a wildlife species of concern or a wildlife habitat feature is discovered during decommissioning, the discovery will be reviewed and appropriate mitigation measures from the list above will be determined.

Wildlife species of concern and their habitat features that have the potential to occur within the Project area will be identified in the Environmental Education Program for the Environmental Inspectors. The Environmental Inspectors will be provided with detailed information on identifying wildlife species of concern, potential site-specific habitat and information on wildlife habitat features that may have a recommended timing window or setback distance.

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In the event that a wildlife species of concern or a wildlife habitat feature is discovered during decommissioning, the following measures should be conducted:

1. Suspend work immediately in the vicinity of any newly discovered wildlife species of concern or wildlife habitat feature. Work at that specific location may not resume until the following measures are completed. 2. Notify the Environmental Inspector who will notify the Chief Inspector. 3. The Environmental Inspector will assess the discovery and either allow decommissioning to be resumed or, in the event of a confirmed or potential discovery, proceed by notifying Trans Mountain's Wildlife Consultant. 4. Trans Mountain's Wildlife Consultant may deem it necessary to visit the site and will, regardless of whether a site visit is warranted, develop an appropriate mitigation plan in consultation with Trans Mountain's environmental staff and, if required, Appropriate Government Authorities (Appendix A of the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 Replacement Pipeline Project EPP). The mitigation measures available include those listed previously.

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3.0 TRADITIONAL LAND USE SITES DISCOVERY CONTINGENCY PLAN 3.1 Traditional Land Use Sites Identified Prior to Decommissioning In the event that Traditional Land Use (TLU) sites are identified during supplemental studies with Indigenous groups prior to decommissioning for the Project, the sites will be assessed and appropriate mitigation measures will be determined. The TLU site will be assessed based on the following criteria:

• the location of the TLU site with respect to the proposed area of development;

• the relative importance of the TLU site to the community; and

• the potential for an alteration of decommissioning activities to reduce or avoid sensory disturbance.

The following mitigation measures have been successful in mitigating effects on TLU sites. Alternative site- specific mitigation strategies may also be recommended by communities. The mitigation measures that may be implemented will be dependent on the type of site identified.

3.2 Hunting Hunting and wildlife sites are areas where large mammals such as elk, moose, deer, caribou and bear are commonly harvested. Key wildlife species are identified both in community discussion and by observed game ambushes, blinds and hunting stands, dry meat racks and butchered animal remains. Furthermore, locales where game can be expected (e.g., mineral licks, calving areas and well-used game trails) are typically prized hunting areas.

Successful and accepted mitigation for hunting sites may include:

• adhering to species-specific timing constraints;

• leaving breaks in the pipeline trench to allow animals to cross; and

• limiting the use of chemical applications.

3.3 Fishing The practice of traditional fisheries relates to the species harvested, fishing techniques and the nature of specific reaches of lakes and rivers.

Fishing methods may include, but are not limited to:

• angling;

• gigging;

• spear-fishing;

• dip netting;

• gill netting; and

• the decommissioning and use of fish traps and weirs.

While fishing activities vary with changes in seasonal water flow and variation in fish stocks, fisheries often exhibit habitual repeated use. Fishing areas include watercourse and wetlands/lakes often in proximity to staging areas and/or access points to the waters. Secondary fishing activities relate to the processing of harvests and may include processing yards, smokehouses, drying racks and fish-grease rendering features.

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Standard and effective mitigation measures for fishing areas may include:

• recording and mapping of fishing locales; and

• strict adherence to the regulations, standards and guidelines set by Appropriate Government Authorities for watercourse crossings.

3.4 Plant Gathering Many Indigenous individuals harvest medicinal, ceremonial and food source plants. Plants are gathered in a variety of environments, which include old forests, along watercourses and in rugged or mountainous areas. Detailed information regarding medicinal plants is passed down from the Elders and is considered proprietary by the Indigenous groups. Known location of medicinal, ceremonial and food source plants will be preserved by:

• harvesting plants prior to removal;

• limiting the use of chemical applications;

• replacement of plant species during reclamation; and

• avoidance of the site.

3.5 Trails and Travelways Travel corridors are essential for conducting traditional activities and accessing cultural landscape features. Trails include well-defined all-terrain vehicle and snowmobile corridors, navigable waterways, river portages and historic foot, dog sled and pack horse pathways.

Successful and proven mitigation measures available to trails transecting the pipeline right-of-way include:

• detailed recording and mapping on both sides of the pipeline right-of-way; in partnership with community representatives, a decision is then made about the relative importance of the trail and, if warranted, how best to maintain and control access; and

• other mitigation options include signage or scheduling decommissioning during periods of least impact.

3.6 Habitation Sites Habitation sites include traditional campsites, cabins and settlements. Campsites typically have defined hearths (fire rings), delimbed trees, tent frames and/or miscellaneous cached or discarded camping supplies and equipment. Cabin structures represent a more permanent occupation of the land and include central log or timber-framed structures, traditional activity areas (e.g., drying racks and smoking tents) and ancillary equipment storage areas. A group of cabins or campsites may signify a long-term or intermittent occupation. A settlement may have been used seasonally or throughout the year, depending on location or necessity. The relative size and nature of habitation sites continuously evolve based on how families and communities grow, and often expand from campsites to cabins and possibly to settlements.

Successful and proven mitigation measures for habitation sites include:

• detailed mapping, photographic recording and avoidance of the location by the proposed development; or

• mitigation measures consisting of detailed recording and controlled excavations, which may be implemented, should avoidance of a site not be feasible.

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3.7 Gathering Places Indigenous groups often gathered to share in ceremonial activities, to exchange items of trade, to arrange and celebrate marriages and for other activities. Additionally, Indigenous grave sites are sometimes recorded in the general area of large gathering places. Such gathering places have historical, ceremonial, cultural and economic significance to Indigenous groups.

Potential effects on gathering places may be mitigated through detailed recording, mapping and avoidance; however, the visual impact will be assessed in the field and mitigation measures will be refined and optimized, if warranted.

3.8 Sacred Areas These areas include burials, vision quest locations, rock art panels, birth locations and ceremonial places, among others. A particular element is often only a small component of a larger spiritual complex, which can encompass topographic features and may, by its very nature in the context of Indigenous spirituality, be inestimable and irreplaceable.

Mitigation measures for sacred areas may include detailed recording, mapping and avoidance; however, additional mitigation measures, if warranted, will be refined and optimized in the field and through community discussions.

3.9 Traditional Land Use Sites Discovered During Decommissioning In the event that TLU sites are identified during decommissioning of the Project, the following measures will be implemented, in addition to what is required by the Appropriate Government Authorities.

Suspend work immediately in the vicinity of any newly discovered TLU sites. Work at that location may not resume until the following measures are conducted.

• Notify the Environmental Inspector, who will notify the Contractor and Trans Mountain's Heritage Resource Specialist. • Notify any potentially impacted Indigenous group of the discovery. • Trans Mountain's Heritage Resource Specialist will assess the site and develop an appropriate mitigation plan, in collaboration with the impacted Indigenous group using the information listed previously.

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4.0 HERITAGE RESOURCES DISCOVERY CONTINGENCY PLAN **Note: Personnel are NOT permitted to collect and/or keep any heritage resources.

The following procedures provide contingency measures for the discovery of heritage resources prior to and during decommissioning of the Project. 4.1 Heritage Resources Discovery Prior to Decommissioning If archaeological, historical or palaeontological resources are discovered during the Archaeological Impact Assessment, the following measures will be implemented.

• Carry out an assessment to determine the effects of the operation or activity on the identified heritage resources.

• Prepare and submit a report containing the assessment of the effects of the operation or activity described above to the Appropriate Government Authority and notify the CER that this information has been filed.

Prior to decommissioning of the Project, the Archaeological Impact Assessment will provide recommendations for mitigation measures to be implemented at each heritage resource site identified. Following confirmation and approval by the applicable Minister, the CER and/or Appropriate Government Authority, mitigation measures to be implemented will be provided on the EAS or will otherwise be communicated to the Contractor to ensure their implementation.

The mitigation measures that may be implemented include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Avoid the site by amending the pipeline decommissioning footprint, if feasible. Clearly mark these sites using fencing or flagging to secure avoidance where appropriate.

• Avoid the site by installing geotextile or matting (i.e., swamp mat[s]) to protect the site surface if on extra temporary workspace or an access road.

• Mitigate the site by excavation and/or the collection of artifacts, maps and photographic documentation to retrieve scientific information and establish an adequate record of the site according to applicable heritage resources guidelines and as approved by the appropriate government authority.

• Have a qualified Heritage Resource Specialist (archaeologist or palaeontologist) available to monitor ground-disturbing activities in areas identified as having high potential to expose heritage resources.

• Conduct an excavation to retrieve scientific information and establish an adequate record of the site according to applicable heritage resources guidelines.

4.2 Heritage Resource Discovery During Decommissioning If suspected heritage resource sites are discovered during decommissioning, implement the following measures:

• Prohibit the collection of any historical, archaeological or palaeontological resources by Project personnel except for qualified Heritage Resource Specialists acting as authorized by the Appropriate Government Authority or permit.

• Suspend work immediately in the vicinity (i.e., within 30 m) of any newly identified archaeological, palaeontological or historical resource sites (e.g., modified bone, pottery fragments and fossils). Work at that location may not resume until the following measures are implemented. Clearly mark the site using fencing and flagging to secure avoidance, where appropriate.

• The Environmental Inspector will notify the Decommissioning Manager, Heritage Resource Specialist and the Senior Compliance Advisor, who will notify the Appropriate Government Authority as required.

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• As and where required, a Heritage Resource Specialist will develop an appropriate mitigation plan in consultation with the Contractor, Environmental Inspector, the Decommissioning Manager, the Appropriate Government Authority and the applicable Indigenous groups. The mitigation measure options available include those measures for site avoidance, systematic data recovery and monitoring/surveillance as described previously.

4.3 Human Remains Discovered During Decommissioning If suspected human remains are discovered during decommissioning, implement the following mitigation measures:

• Suspend work immediately in the vicinity (i.e., within 30 m) of the newly identified human remains. Work at that location may not resume until the following measures have been implemented.

• The Environmental Inspector will notify the Decommissioning Manager, the Chief Activity Inspector, the Heritage Resource Specialist and, if warranted, the local police and Appropriate Government Authority.

• If there is potential for disturbance to the site due to trafficability or high public visibility, assign employees to stand watch until the local police and Heritage Resource Specialist arrives.

• Stake or flag off the location to secure avoidance.

• Cover any exposed remains with clean plastic sheeting, tarpaulin, blanket or other covering until the local police and Heritage Resource Specialist is present.

• Do not backfill. If excavated fill has been loaded into a truck, empty the excavated fill at a nearby secure location for the local police and Heritage Resource Specialist to inspect.

• The Contractor will only resume work in that area once the archaeological and forensic studies are complete, clearance has been granted by the local police and Appropriate Government Authority, and Trans Mountain has been advised that work can continue.

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5.0 CONTAMINATED SOILS DISCOVERY CONTINGENCY PLAN Decommissioning activities on the right-of-way may involve excavating and handling contaminated soils. This contingency plan describes the procedures to be conducted if the presence of contaminated soil is suspected, as well as procedures for notification of the Appropriate Government Authorities.

Concern Mitigation Options Potentially 1. Determine if historic leaks have occurred along the decommissioning Contaminated Sites right-of-way and develop a list of known sites and potential sites of concern where contaminated soil and/or groundwater could be encountered. 2. Follow measures in Trans Mountain’s Procedure for Responding to Historical Contamination and Minor Spills. Identification 3. Consider soils contaminated if: free product is present; the soil is a notably different colour than the surrounding soil (black, shades of grey, blue and green); hydrocarbon odours are present; or there is sheen on excavation water. Notify the Environmental Inspector immediately. Assessment 4. The Environmental Inspector or designate will immediately assess the situation. If oil is visible and a fresh leak is suspected, shut-down or remove all equipment from the area. Notifications 5. After securing the site, the Environmental Inspector will notify the Trans Mountain Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) Advisor and the Trans Mountain Control Centre. 6. Trans Mountain is responsible for notification of Appropriate Government Authorities. Trans Mountain will assist with the investigation and disposal of contaminated materials.

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6.0 FLOOD AND EXCESSIVE FLOW CONTINGENCY PLAN Notify the Environmental Inspector that contingency measures have been initiated as a result of flooding or excessive stream flow along the pipeline decommissioning footprint, such that a record of the location, timing and reason for implementation of the contingency plan is maintained. Appropriate Government Authorities will be notified, as soon as practical, by the Environmental Inspector, that contingency measures have been implemented (see Appendix A of the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 Replacement Pipeline Project EPP).

Weather conditions will be monitored by the Environmental Inspector daily. If a major storm is predicted or occurs, qualified personnel will inspect all watercourse crossings where decommissioning is in progress or has been completed, to determine whether any corrective actions need to be implemented.

The following contingency measures will be implemented progressively or individually, as warranted, if excessive flow or flood conditions are anticipated prior to commencing watercourse crossing decommissioning.

1. Assess the capability to handle the forecasted flow rate with the proposed crossing method. If use of the proposed crossing method is determined by Trans Mountain to be still feasible, the crossing will proceed. 2. Defer watercourse crossing decommissioning to a later time when flows have subsided, if determined by Trans Mountain that the proposed crossing method is not feasible. 3. Alternatively, where the forecasted flow rates and instream restricted activity period window limitations combine to preclude the proposed crossing method, request the Appropriate Government Authority (e.g., CER) for permission to use the approved alternative crossing method.

The following contingency measures will be implemented progressively or individually, as warranted, if excessive flow or flood conditions should occur during watercourse crossing decommissioning.

1. Withdraw all equipment or tanks containing fuel, oil or other hazardous materials from potential flood areas. 2. Re-locate all strippings piles at the direction of the Environmental Inspector. 3. Re-locate spoil piles, to the extent feasible, to a position above the anticipated flood water level. 4. Remove all stationary and mobile equipment deployed at the crossing site to a safe area above the anticipated flood water level. 5. Remove any instream flume or dam equipment that may impede stream flow, as safe work conditions allow. 6. Evaluate vehicle crossing structure to determine whether adequate free-board is present on bridges and adequate capacity is available in culverts. Take corrective measures as appropriate to avoid flooding of adjacent lands.

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7.0 SOIL EROSION CONTINGENCY MEASURES If wind or water erosion is evident during the decommissioning phase of the Project, all necessary Contractor equipment and personnel will be made available to control the erosion. During the decommissioning phase, the Environmental Inspector, in consultation with Trans Mountain’s environmental staff, will determine appropriate procedures to be implemented to control soil erosion and other soil handling problems encountered. The following table provides a list of control options to be implemented as soon as practical. Similar procedures should be followed during the operational phase.

Concern Mitigation Options Forest 1. Install temporary berms of subsoil, logs, timbers, sandbags or bales during decommissioning activities. 2. Install silt fences near the base of slopes. 3. Salvage remaining strippings and store away from the area to be re-graded. 4. Re-grade rills and gullies. 5. Replace salvaged strippings. 6. Implement one or a combination of the following mitigation techniques: • construct cross ditches and berms, decreasing the spacing on steeper slopes or on more erodible soils; • armour the upslope face of berms with geotextile, logs or sandbags; • import small-diameter slash then roll back and walk down; • apply netting, mulch or tackifier to hold soil; • transplant native shrubs, plant willow stakes or use other bioengineering techniques; and • install slope indicators at locations where the risk of slope failure or creep exists; consult a Geotechnical Engineer. Strippings 7. Shut-down or re-locate decommissioning activities until winds dissipate and conditions improve. 8. Consider using the following techniques if wind erosion of the strippings windrow is of concern: • apply water to the strippings windrow; • windrow snow over the strippings windrow; • tackify (at rate recommended by the distributor) the strippings windrow; or • pack the strippings windrow with a sheepsfoot packer or other suitable equipment. 9. Consider using the following techniques if wind erosion is of concern after strippings replacement: • apply hydromulch or tackifier; • use a packing roller (e.g., Accuroller) to lightly compact sandy or pulverized soils on native prairie lands; • import small-diameter slash for use as rollback - walk down slash; • add locally available manure and cultivate; and • install wind fences. Tackifier 10. All tackifier products are to be produced from a source approved by the Environmental Inspector. All products are to be biodegradable, non-toxic, of organic origin and pre-approved by the landowner or land authority.

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

8.0 WET OR THAWED SOILS CONTINGENCY PLAN Trans Mountain will assign Environmental Inspectors with sufficient training and soils-related experience to be able to identify soils that are too wet/thawed for a particular activity, and when the soils are sufficiently dry, to allow the activity to resume. The decision to continue or suspend particular pipeline decommissioning activities on lands with excessively wet/thawed soils will be made by Trans Mountain in consultation with the Environmental Inspector and the Contractor. The Environmental Inspector will employ the criteria presented in Table B-1 as a guide to activities where contingency measures are warranted. A record of the location, timing and reason for implementation of the Wet/or/Thawed Soils Contingency Plan will be maintained by the Environmental Inspector. In the event that activities are suspended, the British Columbia Oil and Gas Commission and the CER will be notified as soon as practical by the Environmental Inspector.

TABLE B-1

CRITERIA FOR THE SUSPENSION OF ACTIVITIES DUE TO EXCESSIVELY WET OR THAWED SOIL CONDITIONS

Land Use Topsoil/Strippings Salvage Status Decommissioning Activity Suspend Activity for Environmental Issue? Treed/Forested No salvage conducted Soils handling (topsoil Yes salvage/replacement) Topsoil salvage in all areas of the pipeline Materials storage and staging No decommissioning footprint that will require area grading Topsoil replacement Clean-up Yes, heavy traffic not permitted; No, quad traffic likely acceptable

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

9.0 SOIL/SOD PULVERIZATION CONTINGENCY PLAN Where warranted, the CER will be notified, as soon as practical, that contingency measures have been implemented during the decommissioning of the pipeline.

9.1 Criteria for Implementation The Soil/Sod Pulverization Contingency Plan will be implemented where sod integrity on hay and/or pasture lands or strippings have been disturbed to the extent that the soil will not infill naturally in a reasonable time frame or there is an unacceptably high risk of soil erosion.

The following contingency measures will be implemented where pulverization is occurring and strippings were not fully salvaged from the working area of the decommissioning right-of-way. Locations along the pipeline route where these measures apply will be determined by the Environmental Inspector in consultation with the Appropriate Government Authorities (e.g., the CER).

1. Provide alternative access to the decommissioning right-of-way to avoid areas prone to soil/sod pulverization. 2. Minimize traffic along the decommissioning right-of-way in areas where soils are prone to pulverization. 3. Use equipment with wide-pad tracks during soils handling (i.e., salvaging and replacing strippings). 4. Salvage a wider area of strippings. 5. Implement other suitable mitigation, depending on conditions encountered during decommissioning (e.g., availability of extra temporary workspace, soil moisture levels, land use). 6. Implement the following measures if the backfill assessment indicates that droughty conditions are present and the ditch spoil is excessively dry: • wet the ditch spoil prior to backfilling;

• backfill the ditch spoil in separate lifts; and

• compact the backfilled spoil between each lift.

Refer to Section 12.0 of the Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 Replacement Pipeline Project EPP for additional considerations regarding backfilling and compacting in lifts.

Implement the following measures during clean-up and reclamation activities along portions of the decommissioning right-of-way where soil/sod pulverization occurred prior to contingency measures being implemented.

1. Lightly cultivate the affected areas in two directions with a spike cultivator or a scarifier mounted on a grader, or equivalent. 2. Ensure that the area of cultivation is approximately 1 m wider than the disturbed area. 3. Harrow the area to prepare a seed bed. 4. Drill or broadcast seed the area, as appropriate, and lightly harrow the area again to cover all seed and to compact the seed bed.

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

10.0 SPILL SCENE CHECKLIST Note: The following activities should be taken by the person first on the scene of a hazardous material spill or release.

(a) If feasible, without further assistance, control danger to human life and identify the composition of the spilled material. ______

(b) If practical, cut off the source of the spill and initiate a release response plan (i.e., control, contain and clean up). While efforts have been initiated to contain the spill, immediately notify the Environmental Inspector. The Environmental Inspector will immediately notify the Project Engineer, local Trans Mountain Control Centre and the Trans Mountain EHS Advisor. The local Trans Mountain Control Centre will make the appropriate regulatory notifications. ______

(d) Before any reports are filed, take notice of dangers to the environment (e.g., proximity of watercourses) and clean-up actions that might be necessary. ______

(e) If any of the above is beyond the capabilities at hand, do not hesitate to ask for qualified assistance. ______

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

APPENDIX C

ENVIRONMENTAL ALIGNMENT SHEETS

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No Sheet 5-10 WildlifeRare Plant + RarePlant Wildlife 10-15 FW 4669029 S OWAQUA SPOT T ED OWL WI L DL I F E HAB I T A T A REA ( WF A- 3 7 ) TREED Coquihalla River Crossing 15/16Pipeline Replacement Centrelines provided by UPIDecember 16, Projection: KMC Projection: Environmental Consultants June 20, 2019; WaterWells provided by TMC August 2017;8, Existing Credits: © 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019DigitalGlobe (2019) ©CNES Distribution Airbus DS. Areas: 2017, NRCan BC 2008;MFLNRO Imagery: 2015-2017, provided by TMC; ServiceLayer 2019; Access Roads provided by UPI 24, May 2019; TMPL Route Revision 0 provided by TMC May 2012; Facilities provided by TMC December2, 2016;Watercourse Crossings:GeoMarine Progress Lands 2017; Hydrology: BC 2011,FLNRO NRCan 2007-2011; Parks and Protected Infrastructure: IHS Inc. 2019; Transportation: 2015,NRCan 2012;MFLNRO BC Old Growth PRIV ATE Management Areas:BC 2019;MFLNRO First Nation Lands: Governmentof Canada 2018, E VA L UA T E WA T E R C O N T R O L N E E D S [H Y- N O T E 1 ] CWD - RET E NT I ON C WD [WF - N OT E 9 ] S H A L L O W G R O UND WA T E R ( H Y- 9 3 ) WI L DL I F E A REA [WF - NOT E 5 ] P OT E NT I A L L Y A CI D GE N E RA T I NG ROCK [GE O- NOT E 1 ] 5498058 R E CL A MAT I ON UNI T 6 . 1 - J E S S I C A [RC- NOT E 3 ] S T Ó: L Ō S I T E [S T Ó: L Ō N OT E 1 ] 10-15 S T Ó: L Ō S I T E ( S T Ó: L Ō- 1 6 1 4 ) P : I S OL A T I ON; S A L VA GE WI T H WQM, V: B OT H B A NK S F RA S E R VA L L E Y RE GI ONA L DI S T RI CT [S 1 B ] COQUI HA L L A RI VER ( B C - 6 4 5 ) - F I S H / NA V MOD E R A T E ML/ A R D P O T E N T I A L N O T S URVE YED [S O - N O T E 4 ] 5498074 S I T E - S P E CI F I C WA T E RCOURS E DRA WI NG 15-20 RSMT T ABL E 7 . 1 - 2 CWD [RC- NOT E 1 , 2 ] NS [AQ- NOT E 1 , 3 ] RIV ER A Q – S E E DR A WI NG M00 2 - X W0 3 2 1 0 CROWN CLU 87 SSH NO. 0 GENERATION DATE GENERATION January 02, 2020 S OI L C ON T A I N MEN T A R E A [VG- N OT E 4 ] H I GH WE E D D E N S I T Y ( B U: A C : YH: OG) S T Ó: L Ō S I T E [S T Ó: L Ō N OT E 1 ] S T Ó: L Ō S I T E ( S T Ó: L Ō- 1 6 1 4 ) TMPL CoquihallaRiver Crossing 15/16 Replacement PRIV ATE 4669037 TREED 10-15 DESCRIPTION FW 5-10

No Sheet CMR BY CHKD. JW APPR. GK DRAWN MAP NUMBER MAP SCALE DATE January 2020 COQUIHALLA15 1:2000 CMR REFERENCE CHECKED SIZE PAGE CE733700 11x17 JW REVISION DISCIPLINE PAGE DESIGN BC-001 CMR EAS 0 FROM 0 ENVIRONMENTAL SHEET ALIGNMENT KP 1000.2 KP TRANS MOUNTAIN PIPELINE 20 1 0 24 . 35 1 TO 0 00 1 .1 02 0 23FEATURES: 00 4.ADDITIONAL . TO 4 23 1 1 00 TO 0. 1 00 5 1 0. 5 1 P RESENTWIB NDOW I RD - WHEWI NE RE[WF NDOW: RSMT S - TB I N E S T O A UI N T R ABL T G E RSMT A ( B P WI E 3 L OP S , T E ND T ULA Ó: 4 ABL OW T L . NE 5 I Ō- 2 ] S 2 E ON ( - T 8 - I ZONE 2 6 4 A 3 NG UNI . ) R T 4 E A C - 1 H O A [S ) D MMEN ( 1 B T E I N D Ó: OR L T T I Ō T T A H I N T MI OT NG MI N C E G A S C 1 A ] D E S ) 40 TO • MI G R A T O R Y • GRIZ LY Z • S T Ó: L Ō S I T E 60 KP 1000.5 KP 80 100 m \\jacobs.com\common\Shares\CNR\GIS-TMEP\MAP_FILES\EAS\201912_MAP_CH2 M_EAS_01162\Rev0\Output\20200102\Coquihalla 16.mxd ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 11" X 17" MOSAIC SCALE 1:2,000 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC W C P O R R T A ( W C O S H S W R T C S

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1 1 I G A A N ] ] E B D G E I E T 1 S A 0 T T ) 0 m Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

APPENDIX D

DRAWINGS

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Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental Protection Plan Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

LIST OF DRAWINGS

Drawing D-1 Narrow Down Fencing...... D-3 Drawing D-2 Sediment Fence ...... D-4 Drawing D-3 Topsoil Salvage in Forest – Full Width ...... D-5 Drawing D-4 Topsoil Salvage (Graded) – Non-Frozen ...... D-7 Drawing D-5 Topsoil Salvage on All Land Uses – Blade Width ...... D-9 Drawing D-6 Rollback ...... D-11 Drawing D-7 Erosion and Sediment Control - Coir/Straw Log Installation ...... D-12 Drawing D-8 Erosion Control – Matting ...... D-13 Drawing D-9 Erosion Control - Brush Wind Barrier ...... D-14

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Criteria for Implementation:

The width of the right-of-way will be narrowed to avoid site-specific features, such as archaeological sites, rare plants, sensitive ecological communities and site-specific wildlife habitat. The specific features will be fenced or otherwise protected throughout the duration of construction.

Notes:

1. Identify and stake or flag the boundaries of the feature to be protected where it encroaches on the right-of-way prior to commencement of surveying activities. Ensure that the specific feature is flagged with the appropriate colour of flagging for the resource to be protected. 2. Clearly post signs prohibiting workers or equipment from entering the fenced area. 3. Where narrowing on the work side or spoil side is sufficient to protect the feature, minimize the workspace to as narrow an area as safely feasible. 4. Where further narrowing is required, develop site-specific plans to complete construction through the area while protecting the feature. 5. Maintain fencing and barriers until all construction and reclamation activities are completed.

PIPELINE These drawings have been developed as a COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO.15 AND 16 visual guide to assist with the REPLACEMENT PROJECT implementation of mitigation measures introduced in the EPP. These drawings are illustrative only and not to scale. Any distances included on the drawings are only NARROW DOWN FENCING included to assist with providing a visual indication of general distances involved unless otherwise specified in the notes. CE733700 January 2020 Drawing D-1 Representation Only Notes:

1. Watercourses that have moderate to high sensitivity of fish habitat and/or have steep approach slopes may need temporary sediment fences during construction, as approved by an Environmental Inspector. 2. Install sediment fences at the base of approach slopes to watercourses and/or wetlands prior to clearing and grading using the method and materials above or other designs approved by an Environmental Inspector. 3. Install sediment fences, where warranted, to minimize the transfer of sediment from spoil windrows and stripped areas to watercourses. 4. Ensure that the sediment fence is keyed into the ground by excavating a narrow trench, placing the base of the sediment fence in the trench and backfilling the trench, which secures the sediment fence in place. 5. Place sediment fences a minimum of 2 m, if feasible, from the toe of the slope in order to increase temporary ponding volume and to further reduce sediment transport. 6. Maintain sediment fences throughout construction. 7. In areas with frequent traffic, install two or more sediment fences in a staggered and overlapped configuration to allow vehicle passage without removal of the sediment fence. 8. Ensure that sediment fences, if removed or damaged, are reinstalled or repaired prior to the end of the work day. 9. Remove temporary sediment fences after the disturbed area is reclaimed and construct permanent sediment controls in their place, if warranted.

COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO.15 AND 16 These drawings have been developed as a visual guide to PIPELINE REPLACEMENT PROJECT assist with the implementation of mitigation measures introduced in the EPP. These drawings are illustrative only and not to scale. Any distances included on the drawings are only included to assist with providing a visual indication of general distances involved unless otherwise specified in SEDIMENT FENCE the notes. CE733700 January 2020 Drawing D-2 Representation Only

Activity: Notes:

1. Salvage and - Salvage topsoil to the depths indicated on the EAS, from over the trench, and on the spoil Stockpile Topsoil storage and work areas, and all areas to be graded during non-frozen conditions. - Store topsoil on either or both sides of the pipeline construction footprint. - Leave breaks in topsoil windrows at obvious drainages and wildlife trails, as approved by an Environmental Inspector.

2. Excavate Trench - Excavate the trench and store the spoil on the spoil side. and Stockpile - Store excavated spoil at least 1 m away from the edge of the trench and salvaged topsoil. Where separation is not possible, use a physical barrier to keep the topsoil and spoil separated. 3. Backfill Trench - Backfill the trench and compact. Crown the trench to allow for settlement of the backfill. Leave breaks in the crown at obvious drainages. 4. Replace Topsoil 5. Evenly replace topsoil. and Clean-Up

Note: Topsoil and spoil windrow locations may vary depending on site-specific conditions and the proximity of third-party utilities. See Drawing D-3b below for example storage locations for working in proximity to third-party utilities.

COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO.15 AND 16 PIPELINE REPLACEMENT PROJECT These drawings have been developed as a visual guide to assist with the implementation of mitigation measures introduced in the EPP. These drawings are illustrative only and not to scale. Any distances SALVAGE IN FOREST – FULL WIDTH included on the drawings are only included to assist TOPSOIL with providing a visual indication of general distances involved unless otherwise specified in the notes. CE733700 January 2020 Drawing D-3a NON-FROZEN CONDITIONS

Representation Only

FROZEN CONDITIONS

Representation Only Refer to Drawing D-3a for soil handling measures.

Note: Adhere to all worksite restrictions and requirements, as stated in crossing agreements or applicable regulatory requirements when working in the “Safe Work Zone” in proximity to third-party utilities or the TMPL. This drawing does not supersede any construction specifications or work requirements for working in proximity to third-party utilities or the TMPL

COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO.15 AND 16 PIPELINE REPLACEMENT PROJECT

These drawings have been developed as a visual guide to assist with the implementation of mitigation measures introduced in the EPP. These drawings are TOPSOIL SALVAGE IN FOREST – FULL WIDTH illustrative only and not to scale. Any distances included on the drawings are only included to assist with providing a visual indication of general distances involved unless otherwise specified in the notes. CE733700 January 2020 Drawing D-3b Representation Only

Activity: Notes:

1. Salvage and - Salvage topsoil (leaf litter, roots and mineral soil) from the area to be graded. Store topsoil Stockpile Topsoil above the grade cut. 2. Grade Right-of-Way - Grade the pipeline construction footprint as a balance cut and fill, where the grade spoil is used 3. Excavate Trench to fill the downslope portion of the pipeline construction footprint to create a level work surface. and Stockpile - Excavate the trench and store trench spoil in the cut on the spoil side of the pipeline construction footprint. 4. Backfill Trench - Backfill trench and compact. Crown trench with the excess spoil to allow for settlement of the backfill. Leave breaks in crown at obvious drainages. - Replace grade to a stable contour to re-establish surface drainage patterns. 5. Replace Topsoil and Clean-Up - Decompact replaced grade spoil prior to topsoil replacement. - Evenly replace topsoil over the graded area. - Seed the disturbed area with a suitable seed mix.

Note: Topsoil, grade spoil, and trench spoil storage locations may vary depending on the site-specific conditions and proximity of third-party utilities.

COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO.15 and 16 PIPELINE These drawings have been developed as a visual REPLACEMENT PROJECT guide to assist with the implementation of mitigation measures introduced in the EPP. These drawings are illustrative only and not to scale. Any distances included on the drawings are only TOPSOIL SALVAGE (GRADED) – NON-FROZEN included to assist with providing a visual indication of general distances involved unless otherwise specified in the notes. CE733700 January 2020 Drawing D-4a Representation Only

Refer to Drawing D-3a for soil handling measures.

COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO.15 AND 16 PIPELINE REPLACEMENT PROJECT These drawings have been developed as a visual guide to assist with the implementation of mitigation measures introduced in the EPP. These drawings are illustrative only and not to scale. Any distances included on the drawings are only included to assist TOPSOIL SALVAGE (GRADED) – NON-FROZEN with providing a visual indication of general distances involved unless otherwise specified in the notes. CE733700 January 2020 Drawing D-4b Activity: Notes: Representation Only

1. Salvage and - Remove snow from work area prior to topsoil salvage and store on the pipeline construction footprint. Stockpile - Salvage topsoil from a blade width (4 m to 6 m) centred over the trenchline during frozen soil conditions. Topsoil - Use equipment capable of accurately separating topsoil from subsoil. - The area salvaged should be sufficiently wide to accommodate the track of a trencher or excavator, and allow for effective feathering of the backfill material. - Salvage topsoil to the depth indicated on the Environmental Alignment Sheets or to the colour change. Colour differentiation is difficult in winter, low-light conditions. - Stockpile salvaged topsoil on either side of the construction footprint. Topsoil storage locations may vary depending on site-specific conditions. - Maintain at least 1 m separation between topsoil and spoil windrows. - Excavate the trench and windrow spoil to spoil side adjacent to the trench. Store spoil at least 1 m from the edge of the trench. Maintain separation between topsoil and spoil windrow when stored on the same side of 2. Excavate Trench the pipeline construction footprint. and Stockpile - Backfill the trench. Avoid mixing spoil with snow when backfilling. Avoid scalping the sod layer. - Crown the trench to allow for settlement. Leave breaks in the crown at obvious drainages. After the spoil has 3. Backfill Trench thawed, rework the spoil and compact into the trench and feather excess spoil in the stripped area. - Pick stones and debris from the trench area. - Replace topsoil during non-frozen ground conditions. - Replace topsoil over areas of the pipeline construction footprint where salvage was conducted. Avoid 4. Replace Topsoil scalping sod layer, if present. and Clean-up - Cultivate the stripped portion of the pipeline construction footprint. - Pick stones equivalent to the surrounding topsoil. - Re-vegetate with a suitable seed mix and apply erosion controls as necessary.

Note: Topsoil and trench spoil storage locations may vary depending on the site-specific conditions and proximity of third-party utilities. See Drawing below for an example of storage locations for working in proximity to third-party utilities.

COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO.15 AND 16 PIPELINE REPLACEMENT PROJECT These drawings have been developed as a visual guide to assist with the implementation of mitigation measures introduced in the EPP. These drawings are illustrative only and not to scale. Any distances included on the drawings TOPSOIL SALVAGE ON ALL LAND USES – BLADE WIDTH are only included to assist with providing a visual indication of general distances involved unless otherwise specified in the notes. CE733700 January 2020 Drawing D-5a NON-FROZEN CONDITIONS

Representation Only

FROZEN CONDITIONS

Representation Only

Note: Adhere to all worksite restrictions and requirements, as stated in crossing agreements or applicable regulatory requirements when working in the “Safe Work Zone” in proximity to third-party utilities or TMPL. This drawing does not supersede any construction specifications or work requirements for working in proximity to third-party utilities or TMPL

COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO.15 AND 16 PIPELINE REPLACEMENT PROJECT These drawings have been developed as a visual guide to assist with the implementation of mitigation measures introduced in the EPP. These drawings are illustrative only and not to scale. Any distances included on the TOPSOIL SALVAGE ON ALL LAND USES – BLADE WIDTH drawings are only included to assist with providing a visual indication of general distances involved unless otherwise specified in the notes. CE733700 January 2020 Drawing D-5b Representation Only

Criteria for Implementation:

Slash and non-merchantable timber can be used as rollback for erosion control, where available and acceptable to the appropriate authority. Specific locations will be determined in consultation with an Environmental Inspector at the time of clearing. Douglas-fir should not be used for rollback.

Notes:

1. Retain slash and non-merchantable timber for use as rollback. 2. Large-diameter slash (e.g., 7 cm in diameter or larger) should be used for rollback intended for riparian area plant microsites establishment or as erosion control. 3. The amount of timber retained for use as rollback will be determined by the Construction Manager in consultation with the Environmental Inspector and the appropriate authority. Store material for rollback along the edges of the pipeline construction footprint. 4. Walk down rollback with a dozer on steep slopes, if rollback is being placed there for erosion control. 5. Spread slash and non-merchantable timber over the pipeline construction footprint where access is a concern. Do not walk down rollback. 6. Leave gaps in the rollback at obvious trails.

COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO.15 AND 16 These drawings have been developed as a visual PIPELINE REPLACEMENT PROJECT guide to assist with the implementation of mitigation measures introduced in the EPP. These drawings are illustrative only and not to scale. Any distances included on the drawings are only included to assist ROLLBACK with providing a visual indication of general distances involved unless otherwise specified in the notes. CE733700 January 2020 Drawing D-6 Representation Only Notes:

1. Proper design and placement are critical; consult with an Environmental Inspector or a qualified professional prior to installation during clean-up and reclamation of the pipeline construction footprint. 2. Install coir/straw logs in a shallow ditch (~ 15 cm deep), perpendicular to the slope dip and across the entire width of the disturbance. Each end of the coir/straw log should be turned slightly upslope to help retain water and prevent flow along the outside of the coir/straw log. 3. Each coir/straw log should be secured into the ground by wooden stakes spaced every 1 m along the length of the log. Stakes should be approximately 45-60 cm in length and should be driven through the centre of the coir/straw log and into the ground with approximately 5 cm of the stake remaining above the coir/straw log. Stakes installed at each end of the coir/straw log should be placed approximately 5-15 cm from the outer edge of the log. 4. When joining two coir/straw logs together, either tightly abut both ends or overlap each log approximately 15 cm. 5. Store, move and install coir/straw logs during dry conditions. 6. Coir/straw logs may be seeded and/or dormant cuttings may be inserted. 7. Typical spacing is indicated below:

Slope Gradient (o) Typical Spacing (approximate m) ≥ 1:1 1.5 m 2:1 < 1:1 3.0 m > 4:1 < 2:1 5.2 m 6:1-4:1 7.6 m < 6:1 15.0 m

Adapted from CAPP et al. (2012). COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO.15 AND 16 PIPELINE REPLACEMENT PROJECT These drawings have been developed as a visual guide to assist with the implementation of mitigation measures introduced in the EPP. These drawings are illustrative only and not to scale. Any distances included on the drawings are only EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL - COIR/STRAW LOG included to assist with providing a visual indication of general INSTALLATION distances involved unless otherwise specified in the notes. CE733700 January 2020 Drawing D-7 Representation Only

COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO.15 AND 16 PIPELINE REPLACEMENT PROJECT These drawings have been developed as a visual guide to assist with the implementation of mitigation measures introduced in the EPP. These drawings are illustrative only and not to scale. Any distances included on the drawings are only EROSION CONTROL – MATTING included to assist with providing a visual indication of general distances involved unless otherwise specified in the notes. CE733700 January 2020 Drawing D-8 Criteria for Implementation:

A brush wind barrier may be installed at highly exposed sites where soils may be difficult to stabilize due to erosion of soil by wind.

Notes:

1. Above ground stems of shrubs and trees (slash) will be salvaged during clearing and stockpiled. 2. Brush will be applied by hand or machine and will be securely anchored to the ground. Clumps of 5 to 10 stems will be placed into the soil to a minimum depth of 30 cm and will protrude upwards from the ground surface for a minimum height of 50 cm. 3. Brush stem clumps will be spaced in a random pattern a maximum of 1 m apart. Alternatively, the brush wind barrier will be installed in a hedgerow, grid pattern for the highest level of soil erosion by wind control for exposed windblown ridges where the erosion hazard is severe. The stems will be laid in dense, continuous rows. The grid rows will be placed a maximum of 5 m apart. 4. Stems of the brush wind barriers are not expected to regrow.

Adapted from material previously prepared by AXYS Environmental Consulting Ltd. and David Walker & Associates.

COQUIHALLA RIVER CROSSING NO.15 AND 16 These drawings have been developed as a visual guide to PIPELINE REPLACEMENT PROJECT assist with the implementation of mitigation measures introduced in the EPP. These drawings are illustrative only and not to scale. Any distances included on the drawings are only included to assist with providing a visual indication of EROSION CONTROL - BRUSH WIND BARRIER general distances involved unless otherwise specified in the notes. CE733700 January 2020 Drawing D-9 Trans Mountain Pipeline ULC Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Coquihalla River Crossing No. 15 and 16 January 2020/CE733700 Pipeline Replacement Project

APPENDIX B

POTENTIAL RARE VEGETATION SPECIES IN THE COASTAL WESTERN HEMLOCK BIOGEOCLIMATIC ZONE FOR THE PROPOSED PROJECT

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TABLE B-1

POTENTIAL RARE VEGETATION SPECIES IN THE COASTAL WESTERN HEMLOCK BIOGEOCLIMATIC ZONE FOR THE PROPOSED PROJECT

Provincial Federal Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Designations Designations Vascular Plants Actaea elata var. elata tall bugbane Moist woods at lower elevations. Flowering from June to mid August. S1S21 Endangered3,4 Red2 Anemone drummondii var. alpine anemone Dry, sun-exposed microsites characterized by gently rolling grass-dominated meadows and shallow soils; Garry Oak S31 -- drummondii stands and open understories of shrubs. Flowering from June to August. Blue2 Asplenium adulterinum corrupt spleenwort Limestone rocks, ledges, sinkholes. S31 -- Blue2 Berula erecta cut-leaved water-parsnip Wet to moist shorelines, streambanks, ditches and open areas. Flowering mid summer. S3?1 -- Blue2 Bidens amplissima Vancouver Island Low elevation, wet, open habitat. Flowering in late summer. S31 Special Concern3,4 beggarticks Blue2 Callitriche heterophylla two-edged water-starwort Shallow ponds and shorelines. Fruiting in September. S2S31 -- var. heterophylla Blue2 Cephalanthera austiniae phantom orchid Mesic, low elevation forests, often south- or west-facing slopes, with sparse ground cover and at the base of mature birch. S21 Threatened3 Flowering from May to July. Red2 Endangered4 Claytonia perfoliata ssp. miner's-lettuce Vernally-moist, rocky outcrops. Flowering from April to June. S2S31 -- intermontana Blue2 Claytonia washingtoniana Washington springbeauty Moist to mesic mossy rock outcrops and forests in the lowland and montane zones. Flowering from January to June. S21 -- Red2 Corispermum hookeri var British Columbia bugseed Sand dunes S2S31 pseudodeclinatum Blue2 Eleocharis nitida slender spike-rush Moist peat, sandy or rocky areas. Fruiting from late spring to summer. S31 -- Blue2 Erigeron philadelphicus salt marsh Philadelphia Salt marshes, disturbed areas of beaches. Flowering June to August (to sporadically year round). S11 -- var. glaber daisy Red2 Lindernia dubia var. dubia yellowseed false pimpernel Wet, sandy or muddy banks and shores in the lowland and steppe zones. Flowering from June to September. S31 -- Blue2 Lupinus rivularis streambank lupine Open lowlands, mudflats. Flowering from late May to October. S11 Endangered3,4 Red2 Mitellastra caulescens leafy mitrewort Moist, shaded forest, wet meadows, swamps. Flowering from April to June. S31 -- Blue2 Muhlenbergia filiformis slender muhly Near springs or seepage, moist meadows in mountain valleys, subalpine slopes. Flowering from July to August. S31 -- Blue2 Navarretia intertexta needle-leaved navarretia Open slopes, moist meadows, vernal pools. Flowering from June to September. S31 -- Blue2 Pinus albicaulis whitebark pine Upper subalpine forests. Flowering in midsummer. S2S31 Endangered3,4 Blue2 Polemonium elegans elegant Jacob's-ladder Dry cliffs and scree slopes. Flowering from June to September. S21 -- Red2

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TABLE B-1 (Cont’d)

Provincial Federal Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Designations Designations S31 Potamogeton strictifolius stiff-leaved pondweed Lakes. Flowering and fruiting from summer to fall. Blue2 -- Rubus lasiococcus dwarf bramble Thickets, moist to dry woods. Flowering from June to August. S31 -- Blue2 Scrophularia lanceolata lance-leaved figwort Moist to mesic sites. Flowering from April to August. S31 -- Blue2 Sidalcea hendersonii Henderson's checker- Meadows, wet places, tidal flats. Flowering from June to August. S31 -- mallow Blue2 Non-Vascular Plants Alsia californica Alsia moss Trees near coastal environments. S31 -- Blue2 Andreaea sinuosa Andreaea moss Exposed acidic rock associated with late-lying snow at low to moderate elevations. S1S21 -- Red2 Barbula amplexifolia Barbula moss Soil or rock in moist areas, commonly near the mist zone of waterfalls at moderate to high elevations. S11 -- Red2 Brachythecium holzingeri Brachythecium moss Wet habitats on humus at moderate elevations. S2S31 -- Blue2 Brotherella roellii Roell's brotherella Deciduous and coniferous trees or rotten logs and stumps of second growth forests. S1S21 Endangered3,4 Red2 Bryum gemmiparum bud-tipped Bryum moss Moist soil. S31 -- Blue2 Bryum schleicheri Bryum moss Oceanic interior ranges on wet soil or rocks in the alpine. S2S31 -- Blue2 Callicladium haldanianum Callicladium moss Soil and decomposing logs. S31 -- Blue2 Diphyscium foliosum powder gun moss Soil or soil over rock. S2S31 -- Blue2 Discelium nudum naked weissia Clay or silt soil on banks at low to moderate elevations. S11 G3G43 Red2 Entosthodon fasicularis banded cord-moss Seasonally wet soil. S2S31 Special Concern3,4 Blue2 Fabronia pusilla silver hair moss Rocks and trees in semi-exposed, seasonally dry habitats. SH1 Endangered3,4 Red2 Fissidens fontanus water pocket moss Rocks, sticks, logs, cypress knees, the bases of trees and shrubs in stagnant and flowing water. Can be submerged in S11 -- mineralized and polluted waters. Red2 Fissidens pauperculus poor pocket moss Banks and in dried stream beds on bare gravelly soil. S11 Endangered3,4 Red2 Fissidens ventricosus Fissidens moss Rocks submerged in rapidly running streams. Occasionally on wet rocks beside streams. S2S31 -- Blue2 Funaria muhlenbergii Muhlenberg's cord moss Bare calcareous soils at moderate elevations. S3?1 -- Blue2

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TABLE B-1 (Cont’d)

Provincial Federal Scientific Name Common Name Habitat Designations Designations Grimmia anomala mountain forest grimmia Acidic rock at moderate to high elevations. S31 -- Blue2 Hygrohypnum alpinum alpine hygrohypnum moss Unknown S31 -- Blue2 Hymenostylium Hymenostylium moss Wet, limey cliffs from low to moderate elevations (up to 1,000 masl). S2S31 G33 recurvirostre var. insigne Blue2 Orthotrichum rivulare Orthotrichum moss Roots or bases of trees and rocks near streams at low to high elevations. S31 -- Blue2 Philonotis yezoana Philontis moss Rock in shaded stream gorges and cliffs or slopes subject to seepage. S2S31 -- Blue2 Physcomitrium immersum Physcomitrium moss Wet soil in disturbed floodplains or mudflats near streams at moderate to high elevations. S11 -- Red2 Platyhypnidium riparioides Platyhypnidium moss Submerged or semi-submerged on rocks, tree roots and wood in streams, ditches, canals and ponds. S3?1 -- Blue2 Pohlia cardotii Pohlia moss Moist ground between 2,000-2,700 m. S31 -- Blue2 Racomitrium pacificum Racomitrium moss Dry to seasonally submerged, acidic to basic, diffusely lit to exposed rocks, sandy soil and soil over rocks from low to S31 -- moderate elevations. Blue2 Schistidium trichodon Schistidium moss Calcareous rock in open to shaded habitats from low to high elevations (up to 3,500 masl). S31 -- Blue2 Seligeria tristichoides Seligeria moss Calcareous cliffs. S31 -- Blue2 Sphagnum contortum twisted bog moss Exposed minerotrophic sites from low to moderate elevations. S31 -- Blue2 Lichens5 Leptogium polycarpum peacock vinyl Mossy bark on hardwoods in oak savannahs, ash swamps, coniferous and deciduous forests at low elevations. S41 Special Concern3,4 Yellow2 Nephroma occultum cryptic paw Bark and wood in mid to upper canopy of conifers in old-growth forests at low elevations. S31 Special Concern3 Blue2 Threatened4 Sources: Argus and Pryer 1990; BC CDC 2019a; Douglas et al. 1998-2002; Douglas et al. 2002; Hitchcock and Cronquist 1973; NatureServe 2020. Notes: 1. Provincial (S) ranks are assigned by British Columbia (BC) Conservation Data Centre (BC CDC) (2019a). Ranks range from 1 (five or fewer occurrences) to 5 (demonstrably secure under present conditions); all definitions below are adapted from NatureServe (2020). S1 = Critically Imperiled: At high risk of extirpation in the province due to very restricted range, very few populations or occurrences, very steep declines, severe threats or other factors. S2 = Imperiled: At risk of extirpation in the jurisdiction due to restricted range, few populations or occurrences, steep declines, severe threats or other factors. S3 = Vulnerable: At moderate risk of extirpation in the jurisdiction due to a fairly restricted range, relatively few populations or occurrences, recent and widespread declines, threats or other factors. S4 = Apparently Secure: At a fairly low risk of extirpation in the jurisdiction due to an extensive range and/or many populations or occurrences, but with possible cause for some concern as a result of local recent declines, threats or other factors. S5 = Secure: At very low or no risk of extirpation in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. S#S# = Range Rank: A numeric range rank (e.g., S2S3) is used to indicate the range of uncertainty about the status of the species.

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SH = Possibly Extirpated: Known from only historical records but still some hope of rediscovery. There is evidence that the element may no longer be present in the jurisdiction, but not enough to state this with certainty. SU = Unrankable: Currently unrankable due to lack of information or due to substantially conflicting information about status or trends. S#? = Inexact numeric rank: Denotes inexact numeric rank. Q = Questionable taxonomy: Taxonomic status is questionable; numeric rank may change with taxonomy. T = Interspecific taxon: Refers to subspecies, varieties and other designations below the level of species. A "T" Rank cannot imply a subspecies or variety is more abundant than the species (NatureServe 2019). 2. BC Provincial List (BC CDC 2019a). Generally only Red- and Blue-list designations are displayed unless a Yellow-listed species also has other status designations indicating it is a species of concern. Red-List: Includes any indigenous species and subspecies that is Extirpated, Endangered or Threatened in BC. Species may be legally designated as Extirpated, Endangered or Threatened under the BC Wildlife Act. Blue-List: Includes any indigenous species and subspecies considered to be of special concern in BC. Elements are of special concern because of characteristics that make them particularly sensitive to human activities or natural events. 3. Species at Risk Act (SARA). The SARA establishes Schedule 1 as the list of species to be protected on all Federal lands in Canada. Endangered: A species that is facing imminent extirpation or extinction. Threatened: A species that is likely to become an Endangered species if nothing is done to reverse the factors leading to its extirpation or extinction. Special Concern: A species that may become a Threatened or an Endangered species because of a combination of biological characteristics and identified threats. 4. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Endangered: A species facing imminent extirpation or extinction. Special Concern: A species that may become Threatened or Endangered because of a combination of biological characteristics and identified threats. 5. Only lichen species listed on SARA Schedule 1 are included.

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TABLE B-2

POTENTIAL RARE ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES IN THE COASTAL WESTERN HEMLOCK BIOGEOCLIMATIC ZONE FOR THE PROPOSED PROJECT

Scientific Name Common Name Provincial Designations 1,2 Leymus mollis ssp. mollis - Lathyrus japonicus dune wildrye - beach pea S1S2 Red Picea sitchensis / Rubus spectabilis Dry Sitka spruce/salmonberry Dry S1S2 Red Populus trichocarpa - Alnus rubra / Rubus spectabilis black cottonwood - red alder / salmonberry S3 Blue Populus trichocarpa / Salix spp. Dry Submaritime black cottonwood / willows Dry Submaritime S2S3 Blue Pseudotsuga menziesii / Acer glabrum / Prosartes hookeri Douglas-fir / Douglas maple / Hooker's fairybells S2 Red Pseudotsuga menziesii - Pinus contorta / Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Dry Submaritime Douglas-fir - lodgepole pine / kinnikinnick Dry Submaritime S2 Red Pseudotsuga menziesii - Tsuga heterophylla / Paxistima myrsinites Douglas-fir - western hemlock / falsebox S3 Blue Quercus garryana - Acer macrophyllum - Prunus spp. Garry oak – bigleaf maple - cherries S1 Red Thuja plicata / Oplopanax horridus western redcedar / devil's club S2S3 Blue Thuja plicata – Picea sitchensis / Lysichiton americanus western redcedar - Sitka spruce / skunk cabbage S3? Blue Thuja plicata – Pseudotsuga menziesii / Acer circinatum western redcedar - Douglas-fir / vine maple S2S3 Blue Tsuga heterophylla / Clintonia uniflora western hemlock / queen's cup S2 Red Tsuga heterophylla - Pseudotsuga menziesii / western hemlock - Douglas-fir / electrified cat's-tail S2S3 Blue Sources: BC CDC 2019a Notes: 1 Provincial (S) ranks are assigned by the BC CDC (2019a). Ranks range from 1 (five or fewer occurrences) to 5 (demonstrably secure under present conditions); all definitions below are adapted from NatureServe (2020). S1 = Critically Imperiled: At high risk of extirpation in the province due to very restricted range, very few populations or occurrences, very steep declines, severe threats or other factors. S2 = Imperiled: At risk of extirpation in the jurisdiction due to restricted range, few populations or occurrences, steep declines, severe threats or other factors. S3 = Vulnerable: At moderate risk of extirpation in the jurisdiction due to a fairly restricted range, relatively few populations or occurrences, recent and widespread declines, threats or other factors. S4 = Apparently Secure: At a fairly low risk of extirpation in the jurisdiction due to an extensive range and/or many populations or occurrences, but with possible cause for some concern as a result of local recent declines, threats or other factors. S5 = Secure: At very low or no risk of extirpation in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. S#S# = Range Rank: A numeric range rank (e.g., S2S3) is used to indicate the range of uncertainty about the status of the species. NR = Unranked: rank not yet assessed. 2 BC Provincial List (BC CDC 2019a). Red-List: Any species or ecosystem that is at risk of being lost (Extirpated, Endangered or Threatened). Blue-List: Any species or ecosystem that is of special concern.

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