Common Cations, Anions, Acids, and Organic Compounds

H+ Hydrogen ion (proton) H– Hydride ion + – NH 4 Ammonium ion OH Hydroxide ion Li + Lithium ion F– Fluoride ion ……………………… HF Hydrofluoric acid Na + Sodium ion Cl – Chloride ion ……………………… HCl Hydrochloric acid K+ Potassium ion Br – Bromide ion ……………………… HBr Hydrobromic acid Rb + Rubidium ion I – Iodide ion ………………………… HI Hydroiodic acid Cs + Cesium ion O2– Oxide ion 2– O2 Peroxide ion 2+ 2– Be Beryllium ion S Sulfide ion ……………………….. H2S Hydrosulfuric acid Mg 2+ Magnesium ion N3– Nitride ion Ca 2+ Calcium ion P3– Phosphide ion Sr 2+ Strontium ion C4– Carbide ion Ba 2+ Barium ion CIO – Hypochlorite ion .. ……………… HClO Hypochlorous acid 2+ – Cr Chromium(II) ion (chromous ion) CIO 2 Chlorite ion ……………………… HClO 2 Chlorous acid 3+ – Cr Chromium(III) ion (chromic ion) CIO 3 Chlorate ion ……………………… HClO 3 Chloric acid 2+ – Mn Manganese(II) ion (manganous ion) ClO 4 Perchlorate ion .………………… HClO 4 Perchloric acid 3+ – Mn Manganese(III) ion (manganic ion) IO 4 Periodate ion .…………………… HIO 4 Periodic acid Fe 2+ Iron(II) ion (ferrous ion) 3+ 2– Fe Iron(III) ion (ferric ion) SO 3 Sulfite ion 2+ 2– Co Cobalt(II) ion (cobaltous ion) SO 4 Sulfate ion ..……………………… H2SO 4 Sulfuric acid 3+ – Co Cobalt(III) ion (cobaltic ion) HSO 4 Hydrogen sulfate ion 2+ – Ni Nickel(II) ion (nickelous ion) NO 2 Nitrite ion ………………………… HNO 2 Nitrous acid 3+ – Ni Nickel(III) ion (nickelic ion) NO 3 Nitrate ion ..……………………… HNO 3 Nitric acid + 3– Cu Copper(l) ion (cuprous ion) PO 3 Phosphite ion …………………… H3PO 3 Phosphorous acid 2+ 3– Cu Copper(II) ion (cupric ion) PO 4 Phosphate ion ..………………… H3PO 4 Phosphoric acid + 2– Ag Silver(I) ion HPO 4 Hydrogen phosphate ion 2+ – Ag Silver(II) ion H2PO 4 Dihydrogen phosphate ion + 2– Au Gold(I) ion (aurous ion) CO 3 Carbonate ion 3+ – Au Gold(III) ion (auric ion) HCO 3 Hydrogen carbonate ion (bicarbonate ion) Zn 2+ Zinc ion Cd 2+ Cadmium ion CN – Cyanide ion ……………………… HCN Hydrocyanic acid 2+ – Hg 2 Mercury(I) ion (mercurous ion) NCO Cyanate ion Hg 2+ Mercury(II) ion (mercuric ion) SCN – Thiocyanate ion AI 3+ Aluminum ion 2+ 2– Sn Tin(II) ion (stannous ion) CrO 4 Chromate ion 4+ 2– Sn Tin(IV) ion (stannic ion) Cr 2O7 Dichromate ion 2+ – Pb Lead(II) ion (plumbous ion) MnO 4 Permanganate ion Pb 4+ Lead(IV) ion (plumbic ion) 3+ Sb Antimony(III) ion (antimonous ion) O3 Ozone 5+ Sb Antimony(V) ion (antimonic ion) NH 3 Ammonia

– CH 4 Methane ……...... CH 3OH Methanol ………... HCO 2H Formic acid ……………. HCO 2 Formate ion – C2H6 Ethane …………. C2H5OH Ethanol ………….. CH 3CO 2H Acetic acid …………….. CH 3CO 2 Acetate ion C3H8 Propane ……….. C3H7OH Propanol ………... C2H5CO 2H Propionic acid C4H10 Butane …………. C4H9OH Butanol ………….. C3H7CO 2H Butyric acid C5H12 Pentane ………... C5H11 OH Pentanol ………… C4H9CO 2H Pentanoic acid C6H14 Hexane ………… C6H13 OH Hexanol C7H16 Heptane ……….. C7H15 OH Heptanol C8H18 Octane ………… C8H17 OH Octanol

C6H6 Benzene ………. C6H5OH Phenol – C6H5CH 3 Toluene ……………………………………………… C6H5CO 2H Benzoic acid …………… C6H5CO 2 Benzoate ion