Vol.10 Booklet
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Native Herbaceous Perennials and Ferns for Shade Gardens
Green Spring Gardens 4603 Green Spring Rd ● Alexandria ● VA 22312 Phone: 703-642-5173 ● TTY: 703-803-3354 www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/greenspring NATIVE HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS AND FERNS FOR � SHADE GARDENS IN THE WASHINGTON, D.C. AREA � Native plants are species that existed in Virginia before Jamestown, Virginia was founded in 1607. They are uniquely adapted to local conditions. Native plants provide food and shelter for a myriad of birds, butterflies, and other wildlife. Best of all, gardeners can feel the satisfaction of preserving a part of our natural heritage while enjoying the beauty of native plants in the garden. Hardy herbaceous perennials form little or no woody tissue and live for several years. Some of these plants are short-lived and may live only three years, such as wild columbine, while others can live for decades. They are a group of plants that gardeners are very passionate about because of their lovely foliage and flowers, as well as their wide variety of textures, forms, and heights. Most of these plants are deciduous and die back to the ground in the winter. Ferns, in contrast, have no flowers but grace our gardens with their beautiful foliage. Herbaceous perennials and ferns are a joy to garden with because they are easily moved to create new design combinations and provide an ever-changing scene in the garden. They are appropriate for a wide range of shade gardens, from more formal gardens to naturalistic woodland gardens. The following are useful definitions: Cultivar (cv.) – a cultivated variety designated by single quotes, such as ‘Autumn Bride’. -
Coptis Trifolia Conservation Assessment
CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT for Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. Originally issued as Management Recommendations December 1998 Marty Stein Reconfigured-January 2005 Tracy L. Fuentes USDA Forest Service Region 6 and USDI Bureau of Land Management, Oregon and Washington CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT FOR COPTIS TRIFOLIA Table of Contents Page List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. 2 List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ 2 Summary........................................................................................................................................ 4 I. NATURAL HISTORY............................................................................................................. 6 A. Taxonomy and Nomenclature.......................................................................................... 6 B. Species Description ........................................................................................................... 6 1. Morphology ................................................................................................................... 6 2. Reproductive Biology.................................................................................................... 7 3. Ecological Roles ............................................................................................................. 7 C. Range and Sites -
Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese -
The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 146. Lapsana Communis L
The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 146. Lapsana communis L. Ardath Francis1, Stephen J. Darbyshire1, David R. Clements2, and Antonio DiTommaso3 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Wm. Saunders Bldg. #49, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada KIA 0C6 (e-mail: [email protected]); 2Biology Department, Trinity Western University, 7600 Glover Road, Langley, British Columbia, Canada V2Y 1Y1; and 3Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, 903 Bradfield Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Received 17 August 2010, accepted 20 December 2010. Francis, A., Darbyshire, S. J., Clements, D. R. and DiTommaso, A. 2011. The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 146. Lapsana communis L. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 553Á569. Nipplewort, Lapsana communis, is an annual weed of the Asteraceae native to Europe and western Asia, first detected in northeastern and Pacific northwestern regions of North America in the 19th century. It appears to have been introduced as a contaminant of imported garden material and seeds, but may also have been deliberately introduced as a medicinal herb. After a century of remaining close to its original points of introduction in gardens and ruderal habitats, it spread to neighbouring areas, and now occurs across southern Canada and in many areas of the United States. Possible reasons for this range expansion include forest clearance and changing crop management practices as was observed in Europe, where this plant has become an important weed in grain, forage and vegetable crops. In Ontario, L. communis has recently emerged as a weed in wheat (Triticum aestivum), corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) fields. -
Suitability of Root and Rhizome Anatomy for Taxonomic
Scientia Pharmaceutica Article Suitability of Root and Rhizome Anatomy for Taxonomic Classification and Reconstruction of Phylogenetic Relationships in the Tribes Cardueae and Cichorieae (Asteraceae) Elisabeth Ginko 1,*, Christoph Dobeš 1,2,* and Johannes Saukel 1,* 1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacobotany, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna A-1090, Austria 2 Department of Forest Genetics, Research Centre for Forests, Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, Vienna A-1131, Austria * Correspondence: [email protected] (E.G.); [email protected] (C.D.); [email protected] (J.S.); Tel.: +43-1-878-38-1265 (C.D.); +43-1-4277-55273 (J.S.) Academic Editor: Reinhard Länger Received: 18 August 2015; Accepted: 27 May 2016; Published: 27 May 2016 Abstract: The value of root and rhizome anatomy for the taxonomic characterisation of 59 species classified into 34 genera and 12 subtribes from the Asteraceae tribes Cardueae and Cichorieae was assessed. In addition, the evolutionary history of anatomical characters was reconstructed using a nuclear ribosomal DNA sequence-based phylogeny of the Cichorieae. Taxa were selected with a focus on pharmaceutically relevant species. A binary decision tree was constructed and discriminant function analyses were performed to extract taxonomically relevant anatomical characters and to infer the separability of infratribal taxa, respectively. The binary decision tree distinguished 33 species and two subspecies, but only five of the genera (sampled for at least two species) by a unique combination of hierarchically arranged characters. Accessions were discriminated—except for one sample worthy of discussion—according to their subtribal affiliation in the discriminant function analyses (DFA). However, constantly expressed subtribe-specific characters were almost missing and even in combination, did not discriminate the subtribes. -
Native Plants for Erosion Control
NATIVES FOR EROSION CONTROL Source: BOSKY DELL NATIVE NURSERY www.boskydellnatives.com (modified to include only lower Willamette Valley Natives) PLANTS FOR DRY, SUNNY AREAS TREES Plant Species Cultural Requirements Root Depth Abies grandis , grand fir dry to moist soil, full to partial sun deep roots Acer macrophyllum , big-leaf maple dry to wet soil, full sun deep roots Arbutus menziesii , Pacific madrone dry soil, full sun deep roots Cornus nuttallii, Pacific dogwood dry to moist soil, full to part sun deep roots Pinus ponderosa, western ponderosa pine dry soil, full sun deep roots Populus tremuloides, quaking aspen dry to moist soil, full sun deep roots Prunus virginiana, chokecherry dry soil, full sun deep roots Pseudotsuga menziesii , Douglas fir dry to moist soil, full sun deep roots Quercus garryana, Oregon white oak dry to moist soil, full sun deep roots Sambucus cerulea , blue elderberry dry to moist soil deep roots Thuja plicata , western red cedar dry to wet soil, full sun deep roots SHRUBS Plant Species Cultural Requirements Root Depth Amelanchior alnifolia, serviceberry dry to moist soil, full sun medium depth Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, kinnikinnik dry soil, full sun medium depth Holodiscus discolor, oceanspray dry to moist soil, full sun to full shade deep roots Mahonia aquifolium, tall Oregon grape dry to moist soil, full sun to full shade medium depth Mahonia repens , creeping Oregon grape dry to moist soil, full sun to full shade medium depth Philadelphus lewisii , mock orange dry to moist soil, full sun medium depth Ribes aureum, golden currant dry to moist soil, full sun medium depth Ribes sanguineum , red flowering currant dry to moist soil, full sun to part shade medium depth Rosa gymnocarpa, baldhip rose dry to moist soil, full sun to part shade medium depth Rosa nootkana, nootka rose dry to wet soil, full sun medium depth Rosa pisocarpa, clustered rose dry to moist soil, full sun medium depth Spiraea betulifolia var. -
Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park
Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 9-17-2018 Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park" (2018). Botanical Studies. 85. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/85 This Flora of Northwest California-Checklists of Local Sites is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE REDWOOD NATIONAL & STATE PARKS James P. Smith, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State Univerity Arcata, California 14 September 2018 The Redwood National and State Parks are located in Del Norte and Humboldt counties in coastal northwestern California. The national park was F E R N S established in 1968. In 1994, a cooperative agreement with the California Department of Parks and Recreation added Del Norte Coast, Prairie Creek, Athyriaceae – Lady Fern Family and Jedediah Smith Redwoods state parks to form a single administrative Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosporum • northwestern lady fern unit. Together they comprise about 133,000 acres (540 km2), including 37 miles of coast line. Almost half of the remaining old growth redwood forests Blechnaceae – Deer Fern Family are protected in these four parks. -
Ventura County Plant Species of Local Concern
Checklist of Ventura County Rare Plants (Twenty-second Edition) CNPS, Rare Plant Program David L. Magney Checklist of Ventura County Rare Plants1 By David L. Magney California Native Plant Society, Rare Plant Program, Locally Rare Project Updated 4 January 2017 Ventura County is located in southern California, USA, along the east edge of the Pacific Ocean. The coastal portion occurs along the south and southwestern quarter of the County. Ventura County is bounded by Santa Barbara County on the west, Kern County on the north, Los Angeles County on the east, and the Pacific Ocean generally on the south (Figure 1, General Location Map of Ventura County). Ventura County extends north to 34.9014ºN latitude at the northwest corner of the County. The County extends westward at Rincon Creek to 119.47991ºW longitude, and eastward to 118.63233ºW longitude at the west end of the San Fernando Valley just north of Chatsworth Reservoir. The mainland portion of the County reaches southward to 34.04567ºN latitude between Solromar and Sequit Point west of Malibu. When including Anacapa and San Nicolas Islands, the southernmost extent of the County occurs at 33.21ºN latitude and the westernmost extent at 119.58ºW longitude, on the south side and west sides of San Nicolas Island, respectively. Ventura County occupies 480,996 hectares [ha] (1,188,562 acres [ac]) or 4,810 square kilometers [sq. km] (1,857 sq. miles [mi]), which includes Anacapa and San Nicolas Islands. The mainland portion of the county is 474,852 ha (1,173,380 ac), or 4,748 sq. -
DRAFT OAEC NATIVE PLANT LIST FERNS and FERN ALLIES
DRAFT OAEC NATIVE PLANT LIST FERNS and FERN ALLIES: Blechnaceae: Deer Fern Family Giant Chain Fern Woodwardia fimbriata Dennstaedtiaceae: Bracken Fern Bracken Pteridium aquilinum Dryopteridaceae: Wood Fern Family Lady Fern Athyrium filix-femina Wood Fern Dryopteris argutanitum Western Sword Fern Polystichum muitum Polypodiaceae: Polypody Family California Polypody Polypodium californicum Pteridaceae: Brake Family California Maiden-Hair Adiantum jordanii Coffee Fern Pellaea andromedifolia Goldback Fern Pentagramma triangularis Isotaceae: Quillwort Family Isoetes sp? Nuttallii? Selaginellaceae: Spike-Moss Family Selaginella bigelovii GYMNOPSPERMS Pinaceae: Pine Family Douglas-Fir Psuedotsuga menziesii Taxodiaceae: Bald Cypress Family Redwood Sequoia sempervirens ANGIOSPERMS: DICOTS Aceraceae: Maple Family Big-Leaf Maple Acer macrophyllum Box Elder Acer negundo Anacardiaceae: Sumac Family Western Poison Oak Toxicodendron diversilobum Apiaceae: Carrot Family Lomatium( utriculatum) or (carulifolium)? Pepper Grass Perideridia kelloggii Yampah Perideridia gairdneri Sanicula sp? Sweet Cicely Osmorhiza chilensis Unidentified in forest at barn/deer fence gate Angelica Angelica tomentosa Apocynaceae: Dogbane or Indian Hemp Family Apocynum cannabinum Aristolochiaceae Dutchman’s Pipe, Pipevine Aristolochia californica Wild Ginger Asarum caudatum Asteraceae: Sunflower Family Grand Mountain Dandelion Agoseris grandiflora Broad-leaved Aster Aster radulinus Coyote Brush Baccharis pilularis Pearly Everlasting Anaphalis margaritacea Woodland Tarweed Madia -
Introduction
INTRODUCTION Although much of the San Francisco Bay Region is densely populated and industrialized, many thousands of acres within its confines have been set aside as parks and preserves. Most of these tracts were not rescued until after they had been altered. The construction of roads, the modification of drainage patterns, grazing by livestock, and the introduction of aggressive species are just a few of the factors that have initiated irreversible changes in the region’s plant and animal life. Yet on the slopes of Mount Diablo and Mount Tamal- pais, in the redwood groves at Muir Woods, and in some of the regional parks one can find habitats that probably resemble those that were present two hundred years ago. Even tracts that are far from pristine have much that will bring pleasure to those who enjoy the study of nature. Visitors to our region soon discover that the area is diverse in topography, geology, cli- mate, and vegetation. Hills, valleys, wetlands, and the seacoast are just some of the situa- tions that will have one or more well-defined assemblages of plants. In this manual, the San Francisco Bay Region is defined as those counties that touch San Francisco Bay. Reading a map clockwise from Marin County, they are Marin, Sonoma, Napa, Solano, Contra Costa, Alameda, Santa Clara, San Mateo, and San Francisco. This book will also be useful in bordering counties, such as Mendocino, Lake, Santa Cruz, Monterey, and San Benito, because many of the plants dealt with occur farther north, east, and south. For example, this book includes about three-quarters of the plants found in Monterey County and about half of the Mendocino flora. -
A Recovery Strategy for Tall Bugbane (Cimicifuga Elata) in Canada
A Recovery Strategy for Tall Bugbane (Cimicifuga elata) in Canada. Prepared by Brian Klinkenberg and Rose Klinkenberg for The Tall Bugbane Recovery Team and the BC Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection March 31, 2003 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Cimicifuga elata is a rare herbaceous species in the Ranunculaceae that is endemic to the Pacific Northwest of North America, where it is presently known from Oregon, Washington and British Columbia. In Canada it is known only from the Chilliwack River Valley drainage in British Columbia. Throughout its range, it occurs in small numbers in scattered populations in mature or old-growth mixed forests dominated by red cedar-hemlock forest with associated big-leaf maple. It occurs predominantly on north-facing slopes, where it occupies mesic to wet mesic sites near creeks or seeps, sometimes in close proximity to Mountain Beaver. The biological factors that limit the prevalence of this species include its occurrence in Canada at the northern tip of its range (climatic factors), its natural rarity in the landscape throughout that range, its occurrence in small, isolated populations, the lack of genetic exchange between populations, pollinator dependence, herbivory, and limited dispersal mechanisms. Anthropogenic factors that influence its abundance in the landscape include fire suppression and forest management activities. In assessing the potential strategies for recovery for this species, we have considered the various ecological principles and issues that may apply, such as metapopulation dynamics, conservation genetics, the ecology of rarity, influences of herbivory and the effects of pollinator limitation. We have also considered the historical occurrence of the species, and the factors that have influenced its current distribution. -
Milo Mciver State Park
Vegetation Inventory and Mapping of Milo McIver State Park Pacific Biodiversity Institute 2 Vegetation Inventory and Mapping of Milo McIver State Park Hans M. Smith IV [email protected] and Peter H. Morrison [email protected] June 2008 Pacific Biodiversity Institute P.O. Box 298 Winthrop, Washington 98862 509-996-2490 Recommended Citation Smith, H.M. IV, Morrison, P.H. 2008. Vegetation Inventory and Mapping of Milo McIver State Park. Pacific Biodiversity Institute, Winthrop, Washington. 68 p. Acknowledgements Sarah Schrock, Tobias Policha, and Stephanie Schroeder assisted with the field surveys for this project. Juliet Rhodes and Lin Kyan helped manage the large amount of data collected during these surveys. Photos were taken by Hans Smith and Sarah Schrock. Project Funding This project was completed under contract with the Oregon Parks and Recreation Department (Personal Services Contract #07-400). 3 Table of Contents Executive Summary.................................................................................................................... 5 Study Area................................................................................................................................... 7 Tasks and Methods .................................................................................................................... 8 Results....................................................................................................................................... 10 Historical Vegetation Patterns.................................................................................................................