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Abducens Nerve Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-65223-1 - Primary FRCA: OSCEs in Anaesthesia William Simpson, Peter Frank, Andrew Davies and Simon Maguire Index More information Index abducens nerve (VI) 156, 158 aortic sinuses 146 brachial artery 10 ABO blood grouping 132 aortic stenosis 150, 166 brachial plexus 3–5 accessory nerve (XI) 156 aortocaval compression, gravid brachial plexus block 3, 4–5 acute limb ischaemia 166 uterus 174 brachiocephalic artery 2 adrenaline arrhythmias, cardiac 239–243 bradyarrhythmia 172 regional blocks 13, 211, 212 history taking 43, 44, 47, 48 breaking bad news 63–64, 68 resuscitation 188, 198 resuscitation 195–196 breathing circuits 95–97 adult respiratory distress arterial waveforms, abnormal bronchospasm, acute 191, 192 syndrome (ARDS) 116, 117 166 burns, diathermy 76 air embolism 217, 218 artery of Adamkiewicz 26 BURP manoeuvre 180 airway arthritis 40 assessment 48, 53, 167–170, asthma 39–40, 59–61 caesarean section 228 asystole, risk factors 172 Jehovah’s witness 72–73 difficult see difficult airway atelectasis 154 obstetric haemorrhage effects of drying 114 atlanto-axial instability 52, 53, 199–201 fires 124 141–143 perimortem 174 surgical, procedure 215–216 atlanto-occipital distance 170 preoperative assessment airway devices 99–101 atrial fibrillation (AF) 44, 48, 196 55–57, 159–162 alcohol thermometers 287 atrial flutter 239–240 regional vs general Allen’s test 30 auscultation 148, 152, 164 anaesthesia 162 allergies 37, 43, 44 awake fibre-optic nasal tracheal cancelled surgery 70 alternating current (AC) shock intubation 86–87 capacitative coupling 76 120, 121 axillary artery 4 capacitor 78 amiodarone 188, 196 axis, ECG 242 capnography 233 anaesthesia specific questions, Ayre’s T-Piece, Jackson-Rees carbimazole 48 history 38, 44 modification 96 carbon dioxide, end-tidal – anaesthetic hazards 119 133 (ETCO2) 233 anaphylaxis 197–198 Beer’s law 278 cardiac veins 20 anatomy 1 β blockers 48 Cardiff Aldasorber 108 angiogram 145–146 biceps tendon 10 cardiopulmonary resuscitation angry patients 70, 71 bimetallic strips 105, 288 (CPR) ankle block 11–13 blood pressure obstetric patient 174 ankle-brachial pressure index invasive monitoring 249 paediatric patient 188–189 166 non-invasive (NIBP) cardiovascular disease antecubital fossa 9–10 monitoring 261–263 history taking 37, 38–39 anterior jugular vein 7, 8 blood transfusion 131–133 rheumatoid arthritis 52 anterior spinal artery 26 obstetric haemorrhage 200 cardiovascular examination 160 anterior spinal artery syndrome reactions 132–133 cardioversion, DC 196 26 refusal, Jehovah’s witness carotid arteries, auscultation antibiotics 72–73 164 history of allergy 43, 44 bloody tap 213 carotid pulse 147, 150, long-term medication 59, 60 Bochdalek hernia 24 236–237 patients with pacemakers 138 body mass index (BMI), raised cell salvage 72 anxiety 47, 48, 67, 68–69 46, 57 Celsius scale 286 aorta, branches 20 bone-cement implantation central nervous system (CNS) aortic regurgitation 150, 166 syndrome 129 disorders 37, 40 290 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-65223-1 - Primary FRCA: OSCEs in Anaesthesia William Simpson, Peter Frank, Andrew Davies and Simon Maguire Index More information Index central venous cannulation cricothyroid membrane 215, endocrine disorders 41 217–219, 236 216 endotracheal intubation central venous pressure (CVP) cricothyroid muscle 32 awake fibre-optic 86–87 235–237 cricothyroidotomy 215–216 blind nasal 87 measurement 236, 237 cuffs, blood pressure collapsed obstetric patient waveform 235, 236 monitoring 262 174 central venous pulse 236–237 CURB-65 score 154 difficult see difficult airway cerebral blood flow 16 current density 76 failed 179–181 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 16 limited mouth opening 84, cervical spine X-rays 141–143, damping, arterial pressure 86–87 170 waveform 250 obstetric haemorrhage 200 chest drain 136, 207–209 dantrolene 176, 177 risks 92 chest examination 147, 148, Datex-Ohmeda Aladin Cassette tooth damage 71 151–152 vaporiser 104, 105 endotracheal tubes 89–93 chest pain 51, 52 deep peroneal nerve 12 cuffs 92, 93 chest wall compliance 260 block 12 laser hazards 124 chest X-rays 170 defibrillation 174, 188 uncuffed 92 choking algorithm, paediatric defibrillators 77–78 epidural analgesia 189 dental extractions 167–170 catheter insertion 210–213 cholecystectomy, laparoscopic desaturation, intraoperative complications 212, 213 45–46, 191–193 191–193 labour 162, 211, 212 chronic obstructive pulmonary desflurane vaporiser 104, 105 epidural space 211, 212 disease (COPD) 39–40, 43, dew point 246 epilepsy 40 44, 152, 154, 256 diabetes mellitus 41, 45, 46, 56 equipment 75–117 circle of Willis 15–16 diaphragm 23–24 external jugular vein 7, 8 circuit breakers, current- diathermy 75–76, 138 eyes operated earth-leakage 120 difficult airway anaesthesia 223–224 circumflex coronary artery 146 history taking 51, 53 examination 147, 151 Clark electrode 265, 266, 267, management 179, 180 268 prediction 167–170, 228 face, examination 147, 151 collapsed obstetric patient Difficult Airway Society (DAS) facemasks 173–174 guidelines 180 components 100 collapsing pulse 163, 166 DINAMAP 263 fear of 67 common mode rejection ratio direct current (DC) electric ventilation, failed intubation 240 shock 120 180 common peroneal nerve 274 double burst stimulation 274 facial nerve (VII) 22, 156, 274 communication 73 draw-over vaporisers 104 factor VII, recombinant compliance 257, 259–260 drug history 37, 56 (NovoSeven) 132, 133 computed tomography (CT), failed intubation 179–181 head 139–140 ear, nose and throat (ENT) family history 38 consent 65–66, 72–73 surgery 59–61 FAST1 system 222 continuous mandatory electrical hazards 119–121 feet, examination 147, 152, 163 ventilation (CMV) 116 electrocardiogram (ECG) femoral pulses 163 – Cormack and Lehane grading 239 243 FEV1 256 fi system 86 differential ampli ers 240 FEV1:FVC ratio 256 coronary angiogram 145–146 electrodes 240 fibrillated coronal-charged coronary blood flow 146 electrostatic filters 114 filters 114 coronary circulation 17–20 emergency surgery 68–69, filling ratio 110 coronary sinus 20 137–138 filters 113–114 cranial base, anatomy 21–22 emphysema, surgical 136 fires, laser-related 124 cranial nerve examination end-tidal carbon dioxide flow-time curves 115, 116 – fl 155 158 (ETCO2) 233 ow volume loops 257, 258, 259 cricoid pressure 67, 226 endobronchial blockers 92, 93 foramina, cranial base 22 291 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-65223-1 - Primary FRCA: OSCEs in Anaesthesia William Simpson, Peter Frank, Andrew Davies and Simon Maguire Index More information fuel cell 267–268 implantable cardioverter laryngeal mask airway (LMA) functional residual capacity defibrillators (ICDs) 78 99, 100–101, 180 Index (FRC) 253, 256 inferior laryngeal artery 32 laryngectomy 183, 184 FVC (forced vital capacity) 256 inferior thyroid vessels 2 laryngoscopes 79–87 infrared thermometers 288 cleaning 86, 87 gastro-oesophageal reflux 45, inspired gases, humidification rigid fibre-optic 84, 86, 87 46, 57 114, 246–247 straight vs curved blades 86, gastrointestinal system review insulin-treated diabetes 46 87 37 inter-incisor distance 170 laryngoscopy general anaesthesia (GA) interarytenoid muscles 32 Cormack and Lehane caesarean section 162 intercostobrachial nerve 5 grading system 86 family history 38, 47, 48–49 intermittent positive pressure difficult 179, 180 past history 38, 44, 51 ventilation (IPPV) 96 larynx 31 genitourinary system review 37 internal carotid artery 16 lasers 123–125 glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) internal jugular vein latent heat 246 156 anatomy 7, 8, 217, 218 lateral cricoarytenoid muscle 32 great veins of the neck 7–8 cannulation 217, 218 left anterior descending (LAD) intracranial pressure (ICP), coronary artery 146 Hagen–Poiseuille equation 249, minimising 140 left brachiocephalic vein 2 251 Intralipid 213 left coronary artery 20 hands, examination 147, 151, intraosseous (IO) access left lateral tilt, obstetric patient 163 221–222 174 headache, post-dural puncture introducing yourself (to the light reflexes 155, 158 204, 212 patient) 36 limb ischaemia, acute 166 hearing, assessment 156 intubation see endotracheal lithotomy position 128 heart, innervation 20 intubation local anaesthetic toxicity 213 heart block 241–243 ischaemic heart disease 39, 51 lumbar puncture (LP) 140 heart disease 39 risk factors 146 lung compliance 259–260 heart sounds, additional 166 isobestic point 278 lung function tests 253–260 heat and moisture exchangers (HME) 113–114, 247 Jehovah’s witness 72–73 Macintosh laryngoscope blade heat loss, routes of 288 jet ventilation 93 86, 87 Heliox21 110, 111 jugular venous pulse (JVP) 147, malignant hyperthermia (MH) history of presenting complaint 150, 151 49, 175–177 36 Mallampati classification 170, history taking 35–61 Kelvin scale 286 228 Horner’s syndrome 158 ketamine 140 Mapleson F breathing circuit 96 human factors (in clinical Korotkoff sounds 262 masks see facemasks errors) 129 mean arterial pressure 262 humidification, inspired gases labour, epidural analgesia for measured flow vaporisers 104, 114, 246–247 162, 211, 212 105 humidity 245–247 Lambert’s law 278 measurement and monitoring absolute 245, 246 laminar flow 288 measurement 246, 247 factors affecting 251 median nerve 10 relative 246 rotameters 282, 283 median nerve blocks 9, 10, 30 hygrometers 246, 247 landmark technique, internal medical gases 109–111 hypertension 38–39, 45, 46, 162 jugular vein cannulation
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