Documenta Ophthalmologica Proceedings Series volume 26 Editor H. E. Henkes Dr W. Junk bv Publishers The Hague-Boston-London 1981 Fourth International Visual Field Symposium Bristol, April 13-16,198O Edited by E. L. Greve and G. Verriest Dr W. Junk bv Publishers The Hague - Boston -London 1981 Distributors for the United States and Canada Kluwer Boston, Inc. 190 Old Derby Street Hingham, MA 02043 USA for all other countries Kluwer Academic Publishers Group Distribution Center P.O. Box 322 3300 AH Dordrecht The Netherlands ISBN 90 6193 165 7 (this volume) 90 6193 882 1 (series) Cover design: Max Velthuijs Copyright 0 1981 Dr W Junk bv Publishers, The Hague. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers. Dr W. Junk bv Publishers, P.O. Box 13713, 2501 ES The Hague, The Netherlands PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS INTRODUCTION The 4th International Visual Field Symposium of the International Perimetric Society, was held on the 13-16 April 1980 in Bristol, England, at the occasion of the 6th Congress of the European Society of Ophthalmology. The main themes of the symposium were comparison of classical perimetry with visual evoked response, comparison of classical perimetry with special psychophysi- cal methods, and optic nerve pathology. Understandably many papers dealt with computer assisted perimetry. This rapidly developing subgroup of peri- metry may radically change the future of our method of examination. New instruments were introduced, new and exciting software was proposed and the results of comparative investigations reported. There have been many confusing statements in the literature on the relative value of perimetry and the registration of visual evoked responses. Several reports attempted to bring some clarity in this issue. There is reason for further comparative research. A number of papers dealt with special psychophysical methods, i.e. methods not using the simply monocular differential threshold. The old critical fusion frequency received new attention. Fundusperimetry was used for testing spatial summation. Acuity perimetry, binocular perimetry etc. showed that there exist many possibilities for examining visual function. At present it is not clear to us what exactly the place of these methods is in our diagnostic armament. However it is quite clear that some of them are promising and may lead to a further differentiation of perimetric methods. An excellent invited report on colour perimetry was given by Hedin and Verriest. It demonstrated that this method has special merits and should be used more often in selected cases. Several other papers supported this concept. New instruments and strategies that do not require computer assistance were presented, most of them dealing with the detection phase of perimetry. Foulds presented his expert experience on optic nerve disease in a clear and informative invited lecture, which is warmly recommended to the reader. The defects in optic nerve disease were examined by several authors using a variety of test procedures, which may improve our detection rate. Apart from the optic nerve diseasesseveral other diseaseswere presented in various papers. They concerned glaucoma, chiasmal lesions in pregnancy, cerebrovascular accident and others. V A report on mass-screening was given which presented figures similar to previous reports. Mass visual field screening is possible especially with com- puter assisted perimeters and may yield approximately 2% visual field defects. There has always been a need for scoring of visual fields. Two papers deal with this subject. Esterman’s system has been used in the USA for some time. The IPS will in the near future attack this urgent problem and hopefully come up with a system that incorporates not only area but also intensity of defects. Here, too, computer assistance may provide new possibilities. Bristol and its surrounding countryside provided an excellent background for this 4th symposium of the IPS. Vincent Marmion and his family in a joint effort spent much time and energy in the local organization of the sym- posium. Alan Friedmann and Ronald Pitts Crick assisted in the organization. They can be proud of the result. Marmion’s excellent secretary, Mrs. Maureen Pitman, and her colleague, Mrs. Joan Parker, were never visibly tired of organ- izing every single detail. They deserve our admiration and gratitude. Without them it would not have been the same. As ever Mrs. Els Mutsaerts from the IPS secretariat in Amsterdam did much of the ‘behind the curtain’ work. Not only did she assist in the compil- ation of the scientific programme but also she played a major role in the realization of the proceedings. It has become almost a habit to thank Mr. Wil Peters of Dr. W. Junk bv, Publishers. After this, our sixth joint effort, we are still going strong! THE EDITORS CONTENTS Introduction V Part one: Computer assisted perimetry Automatic perimeter with graphic display, by H. Matsuo, G. Kikuchi, S. Hamazaki, J. Hamazaki, E. Suzuki and M. Yamada 1 Statistical program for the analysis of perimetric data, by H. Bebie and F. Fankhauser 9 Changes of glaucomatous field defects. Analysis of OCTOPUS fields with programme Delta, by B. P. Gloor, U. Schmied and A. Fissler 11 The peritest, by E. L. Greve 17 Detectability of early glaucomatous field defects. A controlled com- parison of Goldmann versus Octopus perimetry, by G. K. Krieglstein, W. Schrems, E. Gramer and W. Leydhecker 19 Visual field in diabetic retinopathy (DR), by J.-H. Greite, H.-P. Zumbansen and R. Adamczyk 25 Detection and definition of scotomata of the central visual field by computer methods, by J. Flammer, G. Nagel, A. Glowazki, H. R. Moser and F. Fank- hauser 33 A clinical comparison of three computerized automatic perimeters in the detection of glaucoma defects; by A. Heijl and S. M. Drance 43 Capabilities and limitations of automated suprathreshold static pe- rimetry, by J. L. Keltner and C. A. Johnson 49 Reliability of visual field examination in clinical routine, by T. Neuhann and J.-H. Greite 57 Part two: Psychophysical and visually evoked electrical responses Psychophysical and electrophysiological determinants of motion detec- tion, by R. P. Scobey 63 Perimetry and pattern - VECP in chiasmal lesions, by F. Dannheim, A. Miiller-Jensen and S. Zschocke 71 Visual field (VF) versus Visual evoked cortical potential (VECP) in multiple sclerosis patients, by J. T. W. van Dalen, H. Spekreyse and E. L. Greve 79 vii Quantitative perimetry in optic subatrophy from previous optical neu- ritis in multiple sclerosis, by A. Serra and C. Mascia 85 Differences in the visual evoked potentials between normals and open- angle glaucomas, by B. Schwartz and S. Sonty 91 Part three: Special psychophysical methods Patterns of visual field alterations for liminal and supraliminal stimuli in chronic simple glaucoma, by F. Dannheim 97 Receptive field-like properties tested with critical flicker fusion fre- quency. Perimetric analysis, by E. C. Campos and S. G. Jacobson 103 Flicker fusion in pericoecal area, by G. Calabria, E. Gandolfo, G. Ciurlo and P. Rossi 107 Acuity perimetry, by C. D. Phelps, P. W. Remijan and P. Blondeau 111 Visual field studies with fundus photo-perimeter in postchiasmatic lesions, by Y. Ohta, M. Tomonaga, T. Miyamoto and K. Harasawa 119 Flicker fusion and spatial summation, by M. Zingirian, G. Ciurlo, P. Rossi and C. Burtolo 127 The Aulhorn-extinction phenomenon. Suppression scotomas in normal and strabismic subjects, by V. Herzau 131 Spatial summation in the foveal and parafoveal region, by 0. Mimura, K. Kani and T. Inui 139 Comparison of spatial contrast sensitivity with visual field in optic neuropathy and glaucoma, by Y. Tagami, T. Onuma, K. Mizokami and Y. Isayama 147 Richard-Cross-Lecture. Early disturbances of colour vision in chronic open angle glaucoma, by S. M. Drance 155 Part four: Colour perimetry Is clinical colour perimetry useful? by A. Hedin and G. Verriest 161 Extrafoveal stiles’ 7r5-mechanism, by H. Kitahara, K. Kitahara, J. Irie, A. Shirakawa and H. Matsuzaki 185 An instrument for the establishment of chromatic perimetry norms, by R. Lakowski and P. M. Dunn 193 Fully-photopic and scotopic spatial summation in chromatic perimetry, by P. M. Dunn and R. Lakowski 199 . vln A comparison between white light and blue light on about 70 eyes of patients with early glaucoma using the Mark II Visual Field Analyser, by C. Genio and A. 1. Friedmann 207 An attempt of flicker perimetry using coloured light in simple glaucoma, by I. Iinuma 215 Subclassifications of retinitis pigmentosa from two-colour scotopic static perimetry, by R. W. Massof and D. Finkelstein 219 A report on colour normals on the Friedmann Mark II Analyser, by V. J. Marmion 227 Part five: Instruments and strategies The sine-bell screener, by R. P. Crick and J. C. P. Crick 233 The sine-bell stimulus in perimetry, by J. C. P. Crick and R. P. Crick 239 Central field screener. A new tool for screening and quantitative camp- imetry, by T. Otori, T. Hohki and M. Ikeda 247 A new screening method for the detection of glaucomatous field changes. The flicker triple circle method, by H. Kosaki 253 Prototype campimeter AS-2 and its applicability with both eyes open, by A. Suzumura 259 An evaluation of the Friedmann analyser Mark II, by V. J. Marmion 265 Part six: Optic nerve Optic nerve function in the toxic amblyopias and related conditions, by W. S. Foulds 269 Fundus controlled perimetry in optic neuropathy, by Y. Ogita, T. Sotani, K. Kani and J. Imachi 279 The pericoecal area in optic sub-atrophy, by E. Gandolfo, G. Calabria and M. Zingirian 287 Kinetic perimetry (in the plateau region of the field) as a sensitive indicator of visual fatigue or saturation-like defects in retrobulbar anomalies, by C.