Regmi Research (Private)· Ltd, Kathmandu: April., l 1971 •
.. Regmi Research Series
Year 3 ., No.· 4,
Edited By:
Mahesh C. Reg .mi
Contents
l. 'l'riarchy In Nepal., 1799-1800 A.D. . '. 76 2. Shaivism �-Nepal ••• 81
3. Land Tax Assessments Rates In Chitaun ••• 85 4, Assignment of Purohiti And Chhaura hi Le vies ••• 87 5. Notes On 'l'ha Civil. · Administration· System of The Ran.as ' - ••• 88 6. Cultivation of Winter··. Crops In Hill Areas . •-. 93_ 7. The Chaudhari ••• 94
Regmi: Rssearc� (Private) Ltd, Lazimpat., Kattmandu, Nepal.
Coq11�- by Regmi Research (Private) Ltd fQr priv ato study and research,_ Not me�� for public saler o display. 76.
Triarchy In Nepal, 1799-1800 A,D.
· (Continued. . . . from previous.. ' � 'l-800) Documents.
x · l. Order To .Amalidar of Ajirgadh
From Chautara Balabhadra Shah, Chautara Bidur Shah, Chautara Jan Shah, Kaji Pratilnan Rd.l"le., Kaji Ranalrnsar Panda, Kaji Jahar Singh, Sardar Kalu Pama, Sardar Ama.r Singh Thapa and Sa.rdar Bhairav Singh. To the Amalidar of Ajirgadh.xx
Soldiers be longing to your area, whether still in service ( Jag ire) or retired (Dhakre) shall come to Patan town on the eighteenth day of Baisalch along with shields, swords, clubs, muskets, spears, arrows and other weapons. Brahmans, Jogis, Sanyasis and all other subjects belonging to the four castes and thirty-six sub-castes shall do. so with spades and axes. In �ase you do not come, you shall be held guilty. Baisakh Sudi 1, 1857. 2. Supply of Rice In Nuwakot
From King Girban,
To tho Birta owners ,and Bitalab-owning Brahmans in Thapagaun.
Bring one muri of rice for every twenty muris of land (owned by you), traveling day and night, ta Nuwakot. If you do not comply with this order, you shall be considered to have committed an offence and thus become disloyal. Equip your porters, tenants, and all persons of military castes with the five -weapons and send them.to us at Nuwakot� Do not let them go if they are called from anywhere else. Jestha Badi 1, 1857, lA/51, Regmi Research Collections, Vol� lA, P• 51.
xnh�bajra Bajracharya and G�amard Nepal, Aitihasik Patra Sangraha (k Collection of Historical Letters), Kathmandu: Nepal Samskritik Parishad, 2014 (1957 ), P• :100;...... : . . XXThe village of Ajirgadh is situated one mile to the north of Gorkha tom. 77.
3. Order To Villages In Kathmandu Vallez
1••· , .·,.c Fro1n King Girban,
To the Brahmans, aoldiera, Pradhans and all other people of Sankhu, Changu, Gokamat., Bhaimal and Tokha.
The traitor· 1�ormer has created a conflict on the basis of ooo or two baaeleaa matter.ff. But do not .feel oonce med. Oo on with you1• u:t.'fair� au mmal. Bo fur uH yaur 0or11i11t; ho:ro in ooncttt•nud, you rnuy oc,111�, ll01•o n t. tli'ci t:lJuu ol' u.ct.ion. ! 1'01• thu prouunt) ·rumain a t hom e and do not go ovof to Patan. So far as your customs., usages and a ffairs are concerned, wo h_ave se nt Tikaram Upadhyaya, Blshnu Hari Upadhyaya a nd other Tharis. Listen to what they say and act accordingly,
Jestha,Badi 3, 1857,
4. Order To Inhabitants of Kathmarrlu From King Girban,
To the inhabitants. . .of Kattmandu. Previously also, we had writt en to yo u with assurances'regarding your present difficulties. We have sent Bhardars f rom here for th e protection of the. subjects. Re member your oath of allegiance a nd join e the Bhardars witoout' the slightest. appreh nsion, .. Jestha Bad.i 11, 1857, Regmi Research Coll e<;tions, Vol. 19, p. 5. ·
S. Order To Ranbir Khatri And Others
From K� Girban, · •_'�; .To Rahbir Khatri, Dhukal Kbatl'i and Musya_.Baniya.
Greetings. It yo u desire � prove true to the salt of this House, remember your salt and your oa.th of allegiance and join the B hardars who have come h3re along with the company (ot troops ur1der your command ). If you do IX)t come at thi� time, you may have to r�pent later. Jeatha Badi 10t., 1857, Regtni Research Collectionst., Vol. )4 ., P• 161, 713.
From King ir G ban, � .· ·:· . ' . To Indraman Khatri.
It appears that you have gone over to my fat}?er'1-s side. You have done very wall. Reports- hav1;t now bean receivad '\,hat you have fallen :ill on the way. If you .are ·really ill, come to Uf!. with9ut. feeling any appre hension. If, after getting ·well, you want. to go .·a.gain,. we s�ll grant you permission to leavo.
Jestha Badi 11, 1857, Rogmi Research eColl ctions, Vol. 19, p. 4.
7. Appeal To Dittha La:xmi Nal'ayan
. / From King Girban,
To Dittha Laxmi Nara.,ran.
You aro an honest and faithful servant. Remind tm people of their loyalty and their oath of allegiance. Come here to join the Bhardars along with the inhabitants of too �ntire t9wn.
Jestha Badi 11, 1857, Regmi Rese�ch Collections, Vol. 19, p. 5. 8. Similar Appeal To Ganj Singh .Basnyat
From King Girban,
To Ganj Sin�h Basnyat.
You are a Basnyat of this Hous,3. Ilemember ·your oath of allogianco and your salt and join the Bhardars who have come here along with t hJ company (of troops under your command). If you do not como at this 100mont'., you may have to r�pent in future.
Jestha· Badi 11, 1857, Rc:gmi Research CollE.ctions'., Vol. 19, p. 5.
Contd••• '/ ').
9. Order 'I'o Raja Prithv i Pal Sen Of Palpa
From King G:1.rban,
To Raj a Prithvi Pal Sen (of Palpa).
Ye sterday, my father had issued a copper inscript ion (cont aining t he t ext of a treaty with Palpa). I too confirm the signature on tiJL copper i nscription, With.due loyalty, com e he re to join the Army. Do whatever b ecomes nece ssary w ith the advice of the Bhardars . In caso you cb not c ome at this moment, we shall think that you have proved fa l.so to your duty . You have been inforrm d in adv ance . Come he re soon fait h fully.
Jestha Badi 11, 1857, Regmi Re search Collections , Vo l. 19, p. 3,
10. Order To Naya Sr inath And Other Compffi'!-�
From King Girban,
To the Subod.ara, Jamadar, Major, Adjutant, soldiers and othe r personnel o f the Na-ya Srinath Company,
We ha d summoned you previously also. But you hav e n ow coma so fa r. For what reason ? If youwa.nt to prove true to your salt and to you:r oath of allegiance join the Bhai· dar s a s soon as you re ctii � vo this.' o i· d ..H• . If you come ( to us J, we shall duly reward faithful ser·tants who l:irovo true to- the ir sal� and to their duty.A delay of two or four days would not matt er at other times. At this moment, however, come soon \·rl. tbout tha slightest delay� Je stha Badi 11 , 1857, Regm:i. Research Collections, Vol. 19, P• 4.
(Th is ordear was .sent also to the Devidatta, S rimehar, Bhaira v, lktuk dal , Sa.buj , Khas and Taradal companies on the same date }. 11 . As surance To Inhab itants of Western Hills
_From· King Gi:rban, .
To all·apeople of the four castes am thirty-six eub-ca�tea, incluct Jogi, Saeyasi, Bhat , Rajput, Khas , Magar, Our unga Lamaa irg Braman, , , a ni Nisya.1 Bhu al Dura, Bahik, N3war, Majhi , Kum l, Darai, Dlnuwar, Roha , jy Kalashash and Gor ashash, living in the area bea'bfeen the Chepe nr:d Mar - &-y angdi rivers in the we st and too• Bheri river ;in the east.
Contd. � .• no.
yo� SI\� · •ntratev'or cash and othor' yalua.bles lost when that terri�.... p' as· .� rrner 1' y conquorod are 1ost to you� So far a..s your Dandhu au d. Dirt.a lands, which were unjU:�tly convc rtod into r1.u ik::ir , 'nre concernod, wo shall re stor,i tho same to you as soon as we. reach r��- c bmandu and arran�e ,~, ur housohold affairs .
Je stha Ba.di J, 1857 , Regmi Rasoarch ·Collections , Vol. lA, p: • .53'.
12.Order To Offic ial �1 of Palpa
From King Uirban,
'l'o the Chautariyas , Ka jis, and Sardars of Palpa .
r Since we had urgent work he re, wo ha d asked yo u to come hero urg0nt1', . The work which had been startod ho?:\3 has been accomplished . You fi vc Cha.utariyas, KajiD and Sardar s should now re turn from the pluce where you hav e reached and attend to your household affairs. You may think tha.t · sinc o you have alroady come half of tho way , you sho uldgo Lack after ofi'oring your Salaams ( to us ). (But) the time . fo r wo rk has corno and you may be infea t.od with m::u.n.ria on the way . You thorofo10 noed no t como hore . Go hack. Romain car-oful ab out affn.irs in thnt a1ua. Colloct infornntio n about davolopment� in L�cknow anc.l::.u nd reports to us'.
Jo::rtr.a Badi 11. , 1057 , Rogrni Reseii.rch Collect ions, Vol. 19, p. 6. l J. Ordo r To Jhu ro. Porttirti In We stern Hi 11 s
·From King Girban,
To all monbcrs of tno four casu s arrl thirty-six sub-castes liv ing . in tho area botween tho ·rrishuli Ganga river in the west and tho Bhcri rive r in tbo east, who nre unde r obligatio i.1 to provide unpaid. (Jhar"" ) labor.
Tht:l work here is comple tecl. Tho ra is no need for you. to cOiiB he re;::'. Go back and attend to your own affairs at home . Pe rhari s you feol .that wu have not arrivud he re.Do nothc.v e any doubt in this matter . W..J ha v0 granted loav o to all tho93 wh:> have come to the palae:,· . With due loy:1lty, attend to your own af'fairs now. Je stha. Badi 10 , 1857, Ragmi Rbsa arc h Colle ctio ns, Vo l. lA, p. 161. 1 Shaivism In Heeal
', By J.agadiah C.'Regmi
It is ti;Lrficult to say wh!Jn Shaivism wa� introduce d in Nepal. Accordi rl(• t:o ho No palMal iuw1 u, 2 Sludv ism 111 Na pal duteu back to thcl . � Sa·Li'.·'�--Yue �., and that Mrigasthal1 , situated near the temple of Pashupatinath in•'· KatQmandu, was tb4:t abode.of �d 1-hhadevawhe n he ·assume� the form of a deer (mriga). I • :. · The' K,iratis, .who ruled over !lepal. arouni 1000 B.C., regarded Shiva. as t eir family _g d.� This p roves ttat Shaivism had e dy become o u- _ � o alc; a p p lar J.D. Nepal .at- :that, t.ima . According t o Dr Yadubam shi, during the perio d be fore i;he lzymns ()f ·ttw Yaj�veda had been composed but· later than the Rig and At harvavedic periods , · a non-Aryan god was fused wi th God Rudra . This non -Aryan god, he adds , was worshipped PY some tribe �•7¼h· the Hinin- layan 'Valleys , inqll.ldmg the Kiratis. We ma,y 't,hua conclude that Shuiv iSl:i had _become popular among the Kiratis a very long time ago . A linga of Kirateshwar M ahadava stands near the Pashupatinath t emple , which fs obvious 1, connected Wi th tne Kiratis. The Himavatkhanda and other Puranic works descr ibe. Shiva in hi� Kirati incar nation. 5 The Mahabharata de scribos t bc 6 . encounterof Arjl.µla. w1.th Shiva, in this incama. tion. . . ·. ' ' . . . At the same time,' there - is evidance to show th.at Shaivism actually dates back to the pre �IG.rati pP.riod in Nepal. T he Aitareia-Brahmana7 and other Brahmanas8 �scribe the north or the north-east a s t he abodG of' Rudra. This obviously �ters to Nepal. Th e Shatarudriyastotra , contained in the Yajurveda., gives Rudra namaa beginning with the words:Vana (fore:::it) and Giri (mountain), tb� emphasizing his connection with forasta nd · mountainous a rea s.'9 Later, we find Rv;dra associated with Vanecha:i· (forest' dwelling) tribes, who, in tha opinion of Dr Yadubamshi, resicbd in the Himalayan valleys. · · ·
a D armik' I tihas (Religious ��st ory o Nepa l. From: Nep l,. Ko' . h . . . . .· .t. · ...l' ), Unpu bli . . . she d �- •', 2. Nepal Maha�¥! � Chapter l, 6-56•. 3 . Pre� Bahadur Limbu, Ne pal Ko Samkshipta Itihas (Concise History of N epal ).
S (1'he Shaiva Se pt)'1 · p. 1�/,. 4. Dr Yadubamshi, haivamata ,.· S. Himavatkhanda, Clia,pt.er 70., Verse 67 . · 6.. �alharafu,· v�pal'Va., , Cllapte� 39. 7, ,Aitareya,Brahmana ,· S-29, .•�,,. .. :· . . '_-· . t •.- . ' • 2�2; Taithril! BrahmanaJ l�-10;. Shatapatha a. Kaushitoki1 Brahnana ., ;Bratm�,"5�4-,2....l().:'. . . . . '_ :/_ ... -·g__ Jli. Yadu.'l8la&hi.�<®:....,�.F,j�., ,-t_6i.�j,,,� ;:·•, "�-• ..>· ·�,�., -..:•.,,':.:,,, .. � . . •_, . Contd.�· ;· _.·...... • -- · _ . •-•.\<.. ..,;,.,,•• •.•• ,...... ,_ t·· • b.·¼.,>.a,• i.;;,.-- ;. • .:;. ··· 4� ��,;;;:... . . 82.
By the fifth century A.D. we find Shaivism in a more popular and developed form in Nepal . As manr as six inscriptions of King Manadeva deal with Shaivism. Manadeva�as hlll\self'. a Vaishnava, but his two quoc n.s, Kshemasundari and Ouna.vati,10 and his daughter�•·V1jayavat1, were followers or Shaivism.'11 One ofdianadeva 's inscriptions - refers to Shiva as 11Rajyu 11 vardhanadeva ,. or nt�' _go.d who contributes to'· :the expansion of the King' do!Jl . 1112 ·This probab),..y triplies that Shatvism was': the sb.te religion at that time'. It is also iignifi,cant th at all t,ha·· six. inscriptions· me ntioned above have be en inscribed . o n Shivalingas . · .. . Not much info rmation is av'ailable on Shaivism in Nepal from Mana dova to Amshuvarma. But .it appears safe to c onclude that Shaivism remained popular among· the pe o pl e. of Nepal . Thus the'· Bhasme shwar inscription of 4.55 Samvat de scribes how a government official named Dhruva'sangha Vartha endowed.lands for the Bhadreshwar, Nathe'sh-war 1 Shubheshwa.r, sthiteshwar and Ravishwar tanplea}-3 Similarly, Abbiri, who belong ed to the Gupta f'af!d-ly, stal:W tha paralll3shwara Shivalin a tho na mo of he r ½E � � _ � � husband. .. , . . .' . ' . . • , · . . · . . · At t�t. time, the temple of Natheshwar, situated rear the Pashupati nath teraple, was r18 ll.-known . According to_ an in scription inscribed on a Shivalinga at Aryaghat in 469 Shaka Samvat� one Manamati had ordowed lands 1n the Sha1agambi area for the Natheshwa.r temple. 15 It appears that the templp of Nathe sh� mentionep. inthe inscripti;)ns of Dhruvasangha and Manaxnati was the eame'.
Thar� is evidence that Shaivism flourished in Ne pal dur'ing the rule of Ams huvarma. He had be come a well-krown Shaiva even while he was a Samanta of Shivadeva. In his· Kbopasi inscriptiori, therefore, Sbivadeva qascribed Anis huvarma. as' . ''Bhagavatpudapankajapranamanushthanatatparyo pattayatihitashreyasah.1116 After he became an independen t rule r, Amshu 11 vanna assumed the title of'. 11Bhagavatpashupatibhattarakapadanug'rihitah .
10 . Itihas San1shodhan Praman Pram a ,. pp . 2!l6 and, 264. ay / 11 . Abhilekh Sangraha, l, P• 23.
12 • Ibid, 5, p. 6. l3. Ibid P• 26 �' . . , . 1h.R, Gnoli, Nepalese Inscriptions In Gupta Characters, p. 23, J.5.Ibid, P• 32 •
16 . Ibidr., P• 41. ;; fi3 thus sho weci himsealf to be an ardent f'ollow er cif Shaivfain. It uppoars that Amahl,lV�rma had recognized Pas\lupati as the nat ional god of Nepal. He al�o �4:td ·the' palace·a· constructe�by him as Kaila sakAlta afte r Kailasa, abode of God Shiva�: : :t
Amsbu.varma, mreover, started thea- practice 0£ inscribing .tho effigy of a bulla �f el"(:nt form� at th.a , t<;>p of in scrip� ions. During s _ � hi rllle, his sister, . .Bhoga4evi .installeg an image of Shurabhogaeshwa� Mah adov in Deopa:t;an'in the' names o f her husband, Shuraseana , and"-',herself. nis niOCt;> Bhagyadevi, ·installeda-an imagea· ot laditam�e�hwara. Their .ancestor<.j had similarly installed an image ot Dakahineshwar Mahade v in tha. sp.11ii:;l tU' i.l:-i . Amshuvanna made arz-angem3 nlis tor tha propear m anagement of all t ho ::10 templos .17 The inscription installed by �mshuvama at Sun4baraa. in Pu t.'.:.:i-1 I indicates that many Shiva tenpl.eswere re:povated during :hie rule . 18 ' hi.:.i inscription_de �ori�es how .Alqshuvama ova q 11 �empla "' at·' the 1:321 � villcltu· of . MatinJMatin dev�ij) , , . - ·..· · . · . . · . . .. ,_ . , .•· "'; . . •- . . ·., : . Th6 Handigaun ipacription·of Amshuvarma/ ins talled .. in .)2 (iu11:;;ihuv:.1rm:,,a) Samvat,. contains a Ust of the famQu.s Shiva tbmpleas ·of.that t�o . Th0 s0 . are �s fo ll�s·:- .i. ·, • · ' · . ' '•-� :. 1 '. . · · · 1. Pashupa ti · · 2, Raneshwar · , : .
3. Maneshwar 4. lCaila,efJhwar : :
5. Bagvatiparadev · 6 •. Pat"vateahwarade v ·· . ; . � :· .. ,.a·
. . \ ,' :Not all theS8'· temples cap be· loc ated at i:i:resant, h�wevor, although the�. ·1sno doubt' about the · iqent;l.ty o� the temple 01· Pas hupati • . ., ·. ' . : . ' : . . :_.• - !�t,. . •.' ' . . . ,• ... ·.. •; . . • . ' . . . ' .:. ' . ' . . . . Jishnugupta and. later rulers .j;oo adopted. 'th_� title .a. of� - ·. :;, B. hagavat- pashupatibha't�rakapadanllgrihitah.11 19 Dhruvadeva· and· Jishnugupta, durh�: their j oint rw:e, niade ·som.az:rangom ents for the ·.management of tho Nathe: shwar temple, as snown by t_he Adishwar inscript�n of Fa�· in Kathnu ndu . 2t)
·17. -Ibid, p. 56.
18.. ·· -Ibid,,, .. ' P• S3, :19, Ibid, pp. ,So-51 , .
20� Ibid, p, 70. - . . · Cont,;i� •• 84.
· JJMflf.lllwo inscrilted effigies of tho bull in their inscription� . J�iad��a, 2 . son o? Shivadev a. II, composod a hymn 1 to Pashupati along with Buddhak:ll't :i. and had it :inscribed on stone to cqmmemorata the offering of a silvor lotus to the god,
Not many inscriptions relating to Shaivism are found during the period from Jayad!alva to �T:::yasthitimal.la. Howo ver, tho inscrip tio n on the> Changunarayan Shiva.linga22 sho\lS that tho popularity of Shaivism had continuGd, A broken inscription found at the temple of Kurnbhoshwar in Patan23 shows that the tomple was vory popular at that timo . Tho im,•.rr,o� of Shiva fOlmd at this temple appoar to'_ be very old. The Sitapaila inscription of (Amshuvarma ) Samvat rofers to 11 Bhagav an Pa.shupati 419 4 Chandro'shwar . 112
Many Lichchhavi copfe r coins found in Nepal contain ttw wo r d 11 Pai,hu pati 11 as -we ll as an effigy o f the bull . This testifies to the nntio rnl charactar o f Shai vis111 in 1-lu'pal at that time .
'f ha first inscription referring to Shaivism in N..:: pal during th e rredi.eval period is dated 107 Ne'pal Samvat. It was inscribed during th o reign of G\lnakamadeva at Dhay ...Lu n in Patan.2 5 It refers to tm construc 11 t:l.on of a Shiva temple at 11.Man.4,-rvalaka .' Similarly, a copper inscrip��on of 963 Sa.Jnv at has be�m found at the t01npla of Indre shwar in Panaut i ....o
c King Indradava ·(circa 251� Nepal Samvat') was a devote d folloi�-3: of Shaivism, as also King Ananda�va,. M:inadeva ( III ?') and Jayabh:il11ad:lvc... But r.o inscriptions of this p,ariod are available . Howevo r, av ailable int;crip tions prove that Jayasthitimalla , Jyotirmalla and Y:ikshamalla too wor.:: dadicated follo� rs of Shaiv isn. Jayasthitimalla had adopwd tbo title Li f 11 Shrimatpashupatunghripankajaraj nh Pigaisphita (?)J1 27 This shows th.:1.t l c was a followor of the Pashupata &1 ct. During his rule, one Jayabhima haJ remv ated tho temple of Kumbheshwar. 28 Jyo tirtMlla perforno d ::i. Lakshahuma ceromony at the Pashup ati temple and offe red a gold Kalasha . 2 9 King Yaksl,', Malla too uas a follower of Shaivism. He had assumed the title of 11Shri 11 Shri Shri Pashup a.t :icharanara.vindaaova.parayan;;,;,•
21 . R. Gnoli', op . cit . p . 131 . 22. Ibid, p. lJ0. 23.'_ �, P • 13 7. 24, Abhilakh Sangraha, 9 , P • 24. 25. Ibi d. The dats is 407 according to D.R. Re gmi (�dieval Nepal, - Vol. III, p. 1)'. 26. Puratattwa Patra Sangraha, 2, p. 16 . 27 , Sanskrit Sandash, Yoar I, No . 8, pp . 46-48. 28. D.R. l¼roni. op. cit. pp. 33-35 •
.,t'f . � / f • \ir. 85 .
Land Tax Assessnant Rates In Chitaun
1. From Ki� Girban,
To the ryots of Chitaun, Balon and S ajwat who have gone acroass the hills .
We hereby approve the concessional tax asse ssment rate s fixo d clur ln·· tho -t iniu of M1:1�hu Klu:J.wa. u. As :.ioon us you Btltl thiu royal oru.:r- , cuuiu L.. ,·l·; to your lands and promote s ettleme nt.
Marga Sudl 4, 1857, Re gmi P£ se arch Collections, Vol. 19, P• 19 .
2. From King . Girban,
To the ryots of Chitaun, Bt1lon am Sajwat Pargannas .
Conce ssional land tax assessnent rates are hereby approved as follows :- ••• Chitaun Rs 9 per plow (Har) Belon and Sajwat ••• Rs 8 , '
With dua loyalty,promote se tt� mo nt in the area, ••• (Words missing; docUIWnt partially damaged by msects) •. Make pa� nts every year to Uk Ambali an:l obtain clearcnco. (One lin e has faded at the ,,r'.d; the; tbt,.· i tJ obviously M�ga Sudi 4, 1857 )a.
Regmi Research Collection�, Vola. 19, p. 19. 3. From Kiilg Girban,
'l' o the ryots of Chitaun, Bolon and Sajwat where concessioanal lnnd t1x assessment rates have been approve d. For thoso ryota who have- gone acros s the hills, the rato s shnl.l be as fo;l.lows with effect from 185a7 Vikrama; ..
First year ••• Ra 1 per plow (Har)
Second year ••• Rs 3 , ,
With due loyalty, come back and se ttle on your lands . Re claim (waste ) lands, Make payme nts to tho Amali at the pres cribud rau� s and obtain clearance . 86. ··.- � . . ·,. Arte r the third year, make payments at rate a prevalent elsewhere in that area.
Any person who ignores the rates thus presc·ribed shall be awarded severe pu11ishroont.
Marga Sudi 4� 1857, · Regmi Research Collections , Vol . 19, pp. 19..;.2 0. ·
4 • From King Gi rban,
'l' o Dharan Rai and Ramu Rai .
We he re by gra nt you waste lands situated in tho Sidhipur , So ju, Ghogharpa and Pipra mou jas in the region bounde d by tho Mahiwa rivJ rs in the east, hills'· in thesou th� the Barda and Lohotar rivers in the ,1e st and Sunachuri in the nort h in the tappa of Chitaun on Arnanat basi s.
Colle ct taxe s on each plow (Har) at the following rates ondtran :.,tuit the proceeds to the palace through Ranjit Pande every year. Oboy tho orders of tba pa.lace , not those of the'_ Amali:-
Year Rate Per Plow (Har} (Yikrama } 1858 ... 4 ama s 1859 ... 6 annaso· 1860 ·.... 10 annas 1861 ••• 12 annas'· 1862 ... Rs l Magh Sudi 5, 1857, Rogmi ·Research Colle ctions ., v().l . 19, p.'J7 . 87 .
Aasignment of Purobiti And Chhaurahi Levies ·�:·. From King Rana Bahadur Shah,
To Purohit Shakt i Ballabh Pandit'.
It appears that the Purohiti and Chhaurahi levies collc, -.::t 0d iu ti:-, districts of Morang, SaPtari and Mahottari had b een as,'3i[9kici r1:i.•b; ion::ly' . We now co nfirm the assignment in the di'strict of M orang accordine l. u th ,: prev ious order. With effect .from Baisakh Badi 1, 1851 we t� ss:i.L'.n ( ti 1tJ:x le vie'G) als ta d o in Saptari and Mah ot ri js trlcta, which'_ had pl,:'J ki \. 11.>ly been assigned to Harinanda Padhy2.. · "
\-/ith due loyalty, enjoy ·the pro ceeds of the Purobiti and. ------·-Chb:tu 1•ahi levie s and ble ss us.
Chait'ra Sudi 15 , 1851 , Rog mi Research Collections , Vol. 19, p. 2.
- A levy collected priests . (Purohiti from : ....'... .- �.. . •' 0 Chhaurahi - A levy colle ctod on sacred thr�ad 'irivV:, �.,-> t1·. -·.',..;,- �4.-""='. -.,J corot00nios').
Permis sion To Wear Sacred Throad ·
FI'om King Rana Bahdur Shah ,
'I'o Rana Mohan Panda •
We horeby grant you freedom (from slavery) and µi rniit you to wu ;:rr· the sacre d thread, Wit h due'· loyalty, waar 1:,he sacred t hread .
Aswin Badi 14,18 57, Rogmi .Ro se ar ch Col lee tions, Vol • 19, P • 9. x Notes On 'l'he Civil Adminis tration Sy·s'tem Of The Ranas
By Bada Kazi Manik Lal
° In accord:.1.nc� witli th� a�thority grai;ited by His l-fa. jesty from -r.imu to 1,ima, tho Hana Prime ;!'iinisters frame d la,1s and administrative :i;-egul.:1a- tions (Sawal , · Sanad) · for the administrat :lo n o f tho country. The Legal Code (Muluki Ain), the Administrativo Code (Muluki Sawal ) and other law: and regul ations.,\,e raa. £rain ed; accordingly.
Lal Mohars Docuioonts be.::.ring thG Lal Mohar (Red Seal ) of His r·b j➔ sty were al:,,) called Lal Mo har . Tba procedt1ro of af fixing th e Lal Mohar on docum,0 nt.s 1Jas prescribed in Section Noa. 2 of the L:iw on Official Docum0 nts (� Lal Hohars were of the followa.aine categories:- 1. Panja Pat.ra, i.e. the palrn in1pressio. n of HisMa jesty, a.:t'fixEJd on letters of appointment issued to Rana Pr:iJne Minbtorsa. Such lettors wa re countorsigned by the Hukhtiyar on the rever::.;e side . 2. Seal bu aring th o full n3,.me arrl title s of' His Majesty in NaiI••ri characters . 'l' his seal was affixedat the top of th0 Lc Gal Cocloa. 'I'ho Primo M:illister , the l'hlk ht iyq.r, Con,mandil'l(?' Genern.ls; the ti,t-i 0, Guruj u, Gurupurc.hits and tho Talukwalas and Haki111s (Cliiof Officw r:; J of the Counc il , 1.H1arda:l.'i and Ain 'farjuma · (La�, Drafting ) Of fie�::, af1'i.xt1d the ir soo.ls or signatures at the bo ttom with the word 11 Raj i 11 (Agrol:!d) . 'l'his seal was also affi.xod on Kharita do culf1e nts , i.e. lotte�� sent in the namo of His M3josty to fo:reign governments. 'l'h� r-e l� :.::i no ne ed for u:ny counter-signatur e on such do cum�nts, becaunc tht,,;, wo ovt;,a re issuod on tht:: lJasis of reports whic h had alroa.ey bean appr _ Kh.ar ita le tters sent to India were written on thick poli shed pape r wit,h black ink und put in an envelope inscribe d with the L·al Mohar seal am also boar,in1:; an impress io n in wax of tho Royal Seal. ('£ his wax soal was called Lakhauta)a. Thu lot tar was then put in.s ide a covering ma.di of perforated D:ibarlot clotli and onclosed in a hag made of brocade •. 89 . In letters se nt to,eth o Chi�se Governirent, this seal wa s affi:xa d on the letter itself. � the case of' letters sont to representativaa of the· Chine se Government in Lha.su, us ·1-1ell aa to too Dalai Lama, the Raja Lama an(j the Ta shi Lama oi' ·riw t' tbe seal, !fas affixe d on the enve lope.· · · ·· . - . 3 . Prior to 1913 A.D., a seal bearing · the w ords "Sri Durga Bhava.nit' and a, sword (Khadga) (but not containing the l2 eign s o f tho Zodiac) was affixed on all Lal Mohar documents except those on laws and Kharitas . In that year, a mw seal bearing tho 12 sir,ns of the Zodiac on t he borders was deaigrod. This s eal was affi;ed on all Lal Mohar ck>cumentse. Since 1917 A. D. , the old seal (not bearing the 12 signs of the Zodiac) was affixed on. orders rolaetiw, to capital punisl'lnent, life imprisomoont, etc. (Section:3 10 mid �- 31 o f' the Ka j Janch Ko and Section l of' the Jyan Linda Murdci io Iamal Garda _ ( �lati.ng T o capital Punishmcnt ,, Shaving of Th e.• Head and Life Imprisonmont ) and Farak ( Clearance ) orders issnJd through the Kunarichok (Audit ) Offic tl (which Wl:lre coun-ro rJig n erl by the Hakim, Taharir and Mukhiya of the app rq,riato section) • Prior to 1887 A.D., blank fo rms bea_nn g the old Lal Moh.:.1,r seal were used to e:mcute real e state transactions� Tl)es e forms wero sold through contractors . Tho new Lal l-bhar ( containing the 12 s i gns of t_he Zodiac), which was introduced in 1917e) was affixe d on doc\llllent s relating to Dirta grants, po rmi:ssion to ccns truct brick houses in Kathmandu Valle y (with tho counter-signature s of_ the Pritoo Miniseter, the Mukhtiyar, .Cornnandinr: Gemrals,, Gurupurohits, Chautariyas , Khajanctii, 1 Kazi and 1 C o111m.:in:l in;; Colonol), le tters of appointment of Subbas and Rai s i n Pallokirat and - confermoent :Of drums and colors to t horn, · aw ard of medals and d ocorations , and Kharita letters s ent t o the Kazis ot Tibet. Prime Minister'es Seals Too Prime Ministe r had 4 different seals:- · (a) Khadganishana, with a sword or tri(;hmt or arrow on to-p .a."ld the a bbreviate d signature c,,f the Pr�e Minister below . A rubber st amp with the Pr :iJne Minister•s sigmture wa s kBp t by him personally. (b ) Big Seal made of silver, weith the Prime Min ister ls nam e, deco rations and titles in Nopali, English, Persian am 'f ibo tan . This was kept in the- personal office of the Mlkhtiyar. . . . ' . '· ·co·'· ntd••• 90. ' ,, • � . , . -• ' • , ' • _. • . • I�- •' '1•' : ·• • • ' • "' • ' '. , (c) Nt3kichbap _ ..a ,iµ.gnet ring containiM 1.'Gll� ,Pi•ime Minister's name , was kopt by .the, 9,h�ei' Q:ueent! ..· . · · '. . : · : i · •. · ·,:, . j ·; ', \, • ,·_ :: ", , ,' , . . 11 • ' , (d) Murphat Ko Chhap, with the full name , decorations rnd title s oi' the Priine Mini�te::,;- with the wo �d 11l'.farphat'11 kept _in the person::l, office of the'·'M\uchtiyar. This se�l w�simacte of silver. Some d·:>cuments �,e�'. persomlly signi;l,{' by the �t�1� Minister in Nepali and Engli� h. · Too se we:i;-e considerad mo� .3.µthentic ·thun documents on which his seals -we:re:a ff:i,xed • .. • ! .,. • . . . . ·' . . ' During t,he re,gimij of :-Bir. Shumsher and Dev Shamsher, the Prime Minister approved mel'(los', under his signature . 'l't10 Khadganishruw. s0<.1.l of the Prime Minister was .introduced by ChandJ>a.. . $hamsher in 1917 . Orders on wh ich the l\'h adganisha.na seal was to be affi»l)q·we re issued in the pre sence of a repre�11tativeof the Khaq.ganishana ,Off:,1.co . When the Prima Ministor was away from Kat hmandu Valley , npe ciul . powers were confe rred ·on ·the -Mukhtiyar'. In matters exceeding ev en th2';:;e special p9l10rs , 111emos were submittad to the Pr ime Minister-, nnd th e Big Seal of the Primo Minister wns affixed the1•eon, wit,h the counter sign�ture of the Mukhtiyar •. In some casas , latte1·s sent abroad through the Foreign Ministry were also signod personally in Er� lish , by the Prime Minister . The Khadganisha� (�ignaturo) of the Prime Minister was affixsd on documents concerning the following ma tters : - {a) Enc,\ctmont, . a1mndment and repe al of l�.ws. (b) Approval of Me mos (Momo Sadar). (c) Delegation pf: powers to tho Mt.U (d) Birta grants. in,;favo r -of the Prime.Mini ster • .- • [ I (ij ) i>e rmisaion for,· gamblirig'. During the regimo of Prime Minister juddha Shamsoor, however, such.' perm;i. s;3ion w:as grant�d tprough an Ek Chhape do,:,ume nt (i.a , an ordar bearing'. th� small seal or signature': of the Mukhtiya r) qmting the Prime Minister I s orde r. (f) Ap pointments., transfers and promotions . Since th3 time of Juddha Sbamshor, however., the Khadganishana seal was ai'fixod on documents relating to these matters'. The Khadganishana seal was a ffixed on d�cuments relating to cill matters requiring the Prime Minister's sanctiont· other than those mantion,:d above •. Such document�··-wer e countersignedby theMuk htiyar and other authorit:ies. Enactment, Aroondment And Repeal Of Laws When new laws had to be .formulated, or existing laws a.mcrnded er clarified Of repealed., the appl'?priate otf'icers and traders and nie rchanb were called for a meeting at the Mukhtiyart' s o ffice (Mukhtiyari Dal.an ) on the day fixed by the Mululd. Ain s ection of the Muluki Ada. Tho ctoci- sion of the meeting was noted down in a book and persons pre sa11t at t he meeting had to put their signature s therein. The ltaws which were to be • 'amended or repealed �re noted down in the first column, th e· rtJaBons for the mooncinent or repeal in the second column, and tho p:roposad amt:, nd ment in the third column. The report was then submitted to thePri me Minister through the Mukhtiyar. The Prima Ministernote d h is decLion i .:t, the top of the report. Tho Khadganishana seal was then af.fixe d at tha top of the third column along wi th the signature of the Mukht iyai·t. 'fh2 small seal of the Mukhtiya� was affixed at those placo s w hero t he thr,!,} col:u.mns met one a.J}Other . he eki Ch of the Prima Minister used to bo affixet at the to T N hat d _ p and bottom of all aws. After 1919 A.D. , it was affixed only on c opies of laws supplied to goyetrnnetnt offices� Administrative Regulations (Sawals ) 1. The appropritate offices s ubmitted suggestions for the p:comu�e ::it ioL1 < administrative X'Jgulations (Sawals). Tteae sugge stions w ore coibi darod by the Muluki Adda and then aullmitted for too approval of the Prime Min ister through the Mlkhtiyart. The Muluki Add::;i ::r nb s 2 - qu.ently issued Dui...Chhape ord.Prs for promulgating such re:gubti.);1,.-; . t,2.Ame ndments in a dministrative regulations were made in the s wne ·: •:f":manner as in laws . They were sanctiotned 'lmdar the Khadganislwrn 0 seal of the Pr:ime Minister as well as the Mukht� •s seal . Dui.-Chhape Orders 1. Reports were submitted by the apPropriato offic es to th1:1 officB of the Mukhtiyar for the ' istsuance ot DJ.i-Ohhapa o rde�� bo uring the big or srra.ll sea.ls of · the Prim e Minister and the Mukhtiyar • They also bore the seals of other· a ppropriate· authorities (Narf'at) when necessary, Contd••t • .. �- 'J � ; I , • • • ' ' ' ' • ,; • . • • ._' 2. Prime Minister Chandra Sharusher introduced the ruleo· that the Prime Minister.1 titl;es· slx>uld not b . indip�tect'ir,i Dui-Chhapo ·< f3 , orders issued to ·:;t.oc. . al offices . (i.·, e.. ·· t1ffices · in the capita Ir. )'. · Only the big sea))of tl:J,e ·•Fri� Ministe r w�so. �ffixodon corres pon@nce w�th .f'oo.reign co'U.nt:r ies and ��nos. . . . { t ! . . . li • Rukka orders sent .. to the distriGts from the Foreirn nepartm.:m t in accor�nc� .w�t.h tneUlOS approved by ,the l1ukhtiyar bore· only the .big seal of th.e Prime Minister. . · .... c • ·, • Ek-Chhape Orders·o• :. ' . 1 •o. On Ek-Chhape or.dera, only the .se al of .t he, Mukhtiyar was afi'i.'Ce d. : · :- ,t: .. :- _.,: : .• 2. The sma.11 seal. of too Mukhtiyar or h:}.s. signature was affixad on orders issued by h:un in exercise of his powe rs . 3. Documents containing the .. :verbal orders �f the Prime Minisfor or .cu.rectives iss1;1.ed :b;,: :t��- Mukhti:yar ltore tho :soal of the Mukhtiyar only. · .. ,: . 93 . x Cultivation of Winter Crops In Hill Areas The Government of Nepal _promulgated the following n otification in the t:ill areas ·on A6hadh 29, 19 88 (approximately July 13, 1921):- 11In the future , separate truw s on winter crops shall not be co lle ctc.i_ in the hill areas except on lands where these have been collectod cu sto- marily. Cultivate winter crops wherever Po s sible an:i a ppropriate the pro::h tl�c''. "Notifications to this effect had been promulgated previous ly a lso. Butit ha s been repre sente d to us tl'atw inter crops are not boing culti v ated in the· hill areas bocaua e of t hE: practice of lotting cattle lo o::.;o in the fields after the nxmsoon crops are harv ested. This notification is therefore promulgated oo as to· insure t hat winter crops ru,,a cult iv:.i.tc d and the people are �nefited. " f ture, do not let cows , buffaloes, yaks', shoep, goats :i ::_;' In the u , p r , asses etc. loose unless they are attended by herdsmen. Cattle shall LD at ::.Ondod all the yea:r round by herdsmen and grazed only on l !Jl1ds whui'c (;rc,p·; have not been sown. " In ca se this is not .done,and cattle are let loo so on crops , a nd Ltk ownor of the crops complains to the local Tal.ukdar, the l utt or shall hc:,Jd a meeting with respectable persons and re cover tha amount of damaee fo:r the benefit of tho owner. Similar action shall be t aken in c ase compl -:. i::t� a.re submitted to the Bada. Hakim a t his office, o r while ho ::.s ont our . Ordors to this effect have been sent t o all district head,1uarters office.; ,., . They shall take action ac cordingly, No fee need be paid b y t ho conc..:.:':t'rk' d. partie s on cases in which a compromise is effe cted in .such rnanne 1•• 11Efforts to effect a c ompromise on such cases shall bo made t: Ven when the owrar o f thecrops approacho s th e courts for justice. No i'Gu'3 shJ.11 be paid also in such circumstances. In case no compromise can be o ffoc t,·ti , punishment shall be awarded according to law. 11 �orkhapatr�, Ashaqh 29, 1988. .. 94. '· The,' Chaudhari :shah; 1. roni'_ King Rana Baha durI I: �.' , • · ·· ;To the Amalidars of the region west ot the Marsya_ngdi-Gandi and · e ast of the Kali riv'er . ·· ' :\ ·There are re ports '·that you have imposed a ban on goods traffic by _ Newars on the ground that they cannot ,b e allomd to own lands and home s ·. tead� unless they ohey"t. he �utho rity of ·th( Amaii .·- .:_• ; -�:. :· - ;- , '! , . . � 1 •...... •· , ., . ; ,, .. :· Re-venue· frotn. all' thit -36 troces is collected ·trom Newars. thi:ough tho Ctia.u dhari and tr,,nsini tte d· to' the palace . We hereby c�m.fil· tn the lands and home1:,teads ·ot Newa.ra ; as well as their tfaffic· in goods /in that region. Ix> not create any obstacle. Oth� niise;< you shall bo hold guilty. -,.: Bais�h Badi 12 , 1848, '...f &gmi Re search Coll1;1ctioris/ Vol'. 36, p. 41. 2. Frorn King Rana Dahadur Shah , To Shiva Chaudhari. Wo hereby ap po int: you to di scharge the' functions of ·a Chaudhari relating to daily and othi.lr expanse s for the t:<>Yal palace ·with effect from Tuesday, Ashadh S_udi 15 , 1850 (Vikrama ); Colle ct' re verue and incur expenditure aa follows �-Submit accouri�s of 1nco�� and �xpe_:n.ditur e on tho expiry of every· year and, o'��a:iri cla:arance.· ' ' ·. ·_- _ -:· ·. · _' . , . ! � Amount required for p urchasing go.a.ts everJ qa.y · · · ···· · ·••• ·: :. -:'.:· Rs . S02 · , Amount pay ab le to Chaudhari·f rom': Khapus -Bhan�ar duties in in3tr1. ll.:. monts as follows':- Shrawan Sudi 15 , - Rs 67 Kartik Sudi 15 - Rs 67 Baisakh Sudi . 15 - Rs 67 Total - Rs 201 Contd ••• 95 • . '. · Amount payable by Ghaudharis of areas across the Marsyangdi river as well a s of the area east of t te Gandi river and west of the Kanaka river, except Kathmandu Valley, in installmen ts aso f llows': Shrawan Badi 10 - Rs 23 3 and 10 annas Kartik Su di 15 - Rs 233 and 10 annas Da.isakh Sudi 15 - Rs J)2 and 12 8MaS Total Rs 701 Total income ••• Rs 902 This amount of Rs 902 shall be utilized (to purchase ) ono goat at Rs 2½ every d ay. Tho goats shall be hande d ov or to P antha, Take_ q:iliv ery of 52½ dharnis of ghoe from the Ijaradar of Tauthali on the Bhai...:.T ika day at the rato of 2 manas per day fo r 7 months. Take delivery of 210 dharnia of oil from t he Ijarada r of Chitaun and Belon on the Bhai-T ika day at the rate of 8 manas per day for 7 months . The amunt collecte d in lieu of goats and gelding-goats as Walak from all over the country shall be adqe d to the amount allotted for purchase of goats and gelding goata. (Unclear) At Nuwakot, take one sheep for every JO procured from Tibe t and uao it for the Dashain functions tttere . Collect levie s in the form of ducks from persons who rear them and use them in the customary manner.• Contd•• • 96. You shall be granted emoluments anotintin� to Rs 20·0 every year, i nclusi' of the emoluments of your enployees. Obtaih these emolui!Brtitseve ry yeAr and remain in constant attendancer. Do not"make -�· reque�t ·for f'unds from the Tosha-Khana before submi�ting accounts of: in<:=orile ard expenditurer. . . . : :i , . . Procuro gheo and oil fo r tho da:l.J.y requirements ·. · •.j (of the royal palace ) for a per.1.od of 5 months from the Chaudhari of 0orkhar. Ashadh Sudi 15, 1850, . .- ..r. ,·r. Regmi Research Collect�ns, Vol. 36, PP • 2-4 • . 3. From King Rana Bahad�r Shah, To the Ijaradar of Kapas..:Ibansar (Le . re-venue from transitr, markcr' and other duties on cotton)r. The Phaudhari used to appropriate the following dut:1c s at Barmandj and Dharke :- 3 annas perload of Ruwa (ginmd cotton ?) 3 annas per load of Kapas {u_nginned cotton ?) Since it was not oonsidered advisable to retain 2 Amalia (1 •....,. reven'IE collection funct:ionaries in thd · ·present context), these dutil s have been amalgamated into too Khapas-Bhansar with effect from Ashadh Sudi l' 18.50. Revenue (Mahsul ) amounting to Rs 201 accruing therefrom is endowe, as Guthi to meet daily expenses. Transmit this amount to the Chaudhari every yoar in installments as follows :- · · Shrawan D3di 10 Rs 67 Kartik Sudi 15 Rs 67 Baisakh Sudi 15 Rs 67 DJ.ties wh ich the Cha.u�hari u sed to collect a t·.(B armandi and) Dmrke s hal now be colle.cted at Thankot and Bhinrlhungar. Ashadh Sudi 15, 18,50, R.egmi Rosearch Collections , Vol. 5, PP• 256-257 . . . "·'. •· Contd ••• 4 • From King Rana Bahadur Shah., To tha Ijaradar ot Chaudhari revenues in areas across the Marsyangdi river. We hareby amalgamate tha post of Chaudhari in the area east of the Gandi river and west of the Kanaka riverh., except Kathmandu· Val.l ay, as � 11 as the Sudini le:q- (on mid-wives ? ) in Kathmardu with the Chaudhari i'or areas acro ss tho Mirsyangdi river, Revenue (Mahsul ) amounting to Rs 701 accruing hart efrom is endowed as Guthi for the suppq of goats . th Wi effect from Tuesday., Ashadh Sudi 15, 185J, transmit the following amounts to tho Chaudhari for meo ti� daily expenses;- Shrawan Badi 10 Rs 233 and 10 annas Kartik Sudi 15 Rs 233 and 10 annas Baisakh Sudi 15 Rs 233 and 12 annas Ashadh Sudi 15, 1850, Regmi Research Collahotions, Vol . S, pp. 257-258, 5. From King Rana Bahadur Shah ., To the Ijaradar of Tauthalih. We hereby establish a Ghiu-Guth with an amount of Rs 26¼., being the cost of S'2 ½ dharnis of ghoo required for 7 months at 2 maias per · � at the rate of 8 annas par dharnih, from the Ijara revenues of Taudhari , to be suppliedt hrough the Chaudhari. Deliver the ghoa after weighing it to the Chaudhari on the Bhai-Tika my f:Vlilr.f year.h· The amount shall be debited while auditing the accounts of the Ijara (revenue coilec tion contrac t) for that aiea. Ashadh Sudi 15, 1850, Rogmi Research Collectionsh., Vol. )6, Ph! , 5, 6. From King Rana Bahadur S hah ., 'l'o the Ijaradar ot Chitaun and Belon, We hereby establish a Tel..Outh with an amount ot Rs 52½, beingt he cos t of 210 dharnis of ·oil requiro d fo r 7 months at 8 annas per day at t ho mte of 4 dharnis o f oil per rupeeh., to be supplied through the Chaudhari, in addition to tlw oil being customarily supplied from that Contd••• •· 98.. area. Deliver the . oil. after weighing it· to the · Cha�dm ri on tho Bhai Tika d ay every year. Too amount s hall be !febit_�d while auditing the accounts of too Ijara for tha.J area. ;· : � Ashadh Sudi 1850, Regmi Researc15h , Collect�ons, Vol . 36, pp. 5-6•. · ,., . 7. From Kil€ Girban, . . To Shrikrishna· Newar, Chaudhari of Gorkha. . . . r . ·. . . . . w'e hereby appoint you to the position heretofore occupied by Para mananda. Wherever_ Newars are livin� on Talab, Bitalab, Ij ara, Kut, Guth or other lands in the !rt:igion ·situated be 'bieen the Qandaki river in the east and the Chepe-Marsyang�i in·:the�west, .. pther than the Borlang Bitala1 (lands), collect judicial f:ines, escheat�, etc and appropriate one-�iY.th of the proceeds . · Newars do rotha ve Birta lands in the hill. regions . But thQy do · not resi Contd ••r• ,.. : :··._., ' 99. : ·�· : 8. From King Rana Bahadur Shah, To the U!'lras and Dw.u1s ) ;�,f Takue. It has been reported. p, us that you do not permit tho Chauctil:1ri of Gorkha to exercise jurisdiction over thA Newar inhabitant s of. Takn. r Noun.rs have remained undev the jurisdiction of Chau dharis from f 01•,;;;; ; timoa. Ib not croata any obstruction there. Wo have assir;nfld t::a:u:J arHi lovfo ::i on Nuwara to tho Ch;,;. 1/:lh:.,ri. Lo t tho Chuudhuri colloct tlio t:�x,:;.:; and levie s assigned to hi1u\"; - , ..,.. '-•·· �.- Falgun Badi 3, 1850, , _, . Regmi Research Collections�,: :V:".:•l• 5, p. 171. 9. F'rom King Hana Baha dur Sha. .Ii;e,,:-_ �Ju liu ru uy uv pu luL yuu (!_;_, liliuuuhai·i 111 thi: puultlun [JJ.'U v.LuurdJ l.)!;,_;eu pied by Dhan.:iNcwar for th(; ri'Jgion si tuatod enst of tho Uandi riv, r :H id wust 01' tho Dudhkosi 1·ivur, ti1.cupt Kathmandu Valloy, are as situ,.1 wd wost of rtiulikhel and Panauti nnd east of Mudkhu and Bhilndhung:i, and Chitlang, Tistung, Pal�, 's:inagnun and Kagatigaun. ' Appropriate tho customaz-y levies and supply l dharni of gh;1;: and oil ovory day for 7 nxmths to t,ho governmente. Procure goats i'wm Guth bnds n.nd supply om goat· -Lvi:ryday to too govHrnmont , Look af t.::;r due L.; and supply as many of theiri,a.s ;.1- N requirt3d by the palacee. Transmit tha proc�cds of judicial fines and eschoa.ts colloch.,d i'r,)lil l'lowars living in the hill t,;pj :;w to thegov ernment and appropriate 01;,.:• sixth theroof. ; . ;,. · · Do not opPros� the subjects but ket.:ip them happy. If you oppreess the• subj ects, you shall be punished by the governnent . -,.- ,, . -- . Eicercise judicial authority- in the same manner as De vf Sh�1nkhar . If you aro not able to impose your jurisdiction, the governire nt will help you to do so ...... � Appropriate levies on loads of cotton at Sanghu, Dharke and Sankhu in tho samo rro.nner as Devi Shankhar. Offer l anna. ovvry day to tho (temple of) ••• Contd ••• ·, · utilizo 120 muris of lands as your Jagir. Appropriate levios imposod on mid -wives ( Sudini), etc in Patan town. Collect lovia s on the water mill at Sangla a.t thE custom�ry rates. Colle ct Walak levies uvory yoar in t hu samo manner a.s Devi Sl1.-'1.nkhar . Collect Chaudhari, lo vies also i'rorn aroas un:ier th0 jurisdiction of Gotiya relat:i.va s. Do not colle cto· oxt:r·a 1.ovios. Pay Salami aflX)unting :to Rs 960 for thr- cle years from Jo sthn. Su.di 9, 1843 to JE:stha �'u di 9, 1846 to t hL:. govern,r.ant. ']:'ha government, shall pay thw monthly salnry of 4 employeeos at Rs 6 (eacho?)o. Numbor of Gonts To Bo Sup:elied From Diff6ront Vii.laf .JS Golpu-Chhapar . . . 10 Si pQ.l ... 2 Talakhu • • • 8 Namlang ••• 2 Syahu1ya-Gograut i ••• 6 Ba!:ikharka . .. 4 · Chautaru-Khani . , . Mandan ••• 6 ·� 18 Sipatu,r . . . 6 Thansing ... 16 Bhatuta.c ••• 10 Barmandi . .. 4 fo.lchck ... 6 Khinchyat • •• 11.i Totnl ... 112 A:::hadh Badi 1, 1843 , Rogmi Rosoarch Collections , Vol. 25, ppo. 120-122o. . I.