DOCSLIB.ORG

Occ Paper 10

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Occ Paper 10 China-India Economic Engagement C S H O c c a s i o n a l P a p e r CHINA-INDIA ECONOMIC ENGAGEMENT Building Mutual Confidence Swaran SINGH N o . 10 Publication of the rench Research Institutes in India 2 0 0 5 1 Swaran SINGH LIST OF CSH OCCASIONAL PAPERS SENGUPTA D., Exporting through E-Commerce: How Indian Exporters have harnessed the IT Revolution, CSH Occasional Paper 9, 2004, 94p. GUENNIF S., AIDS in India: Public health related aspects of industrial and intellectual property rights policies in a developing country, CSH Occasional Paper 8, 2004, 172p. AARON S., Straddling Faultlines: India’s Foreign Policy Toward the Greater Middle East, CSH Occasional Paper 7, 2003, 111p. RUET J., SARAVANAN V.S., ZERAH M.H., The Water & Sanitation Scenario in Indian Metropolitan Cities: Resources and Management in Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai, Mumbai, 2002, CSH Occasional Paper 6, 2002, 167p. LECLERCQ F., The Impact of Education Policy Reforms on the School System: A Field Study of EGS and Other Primary Schools in Madhya Pradesh, CSH Occasional Paper 5, 2002, 170p. KUMAR G., Constitutionalising Panchayats: The Response of State Legislatures, CSH Occasional Paper 4, 2002, 104p. GHOSH D., SHUKLA P.R., GARG A., RAMANA P.V., Renewable Energy Strategies for Indian Power Sector, CSH Occasional Paper 3, 2001, 113p. TAWA LAMA-REWAL S., Women in the Calcutta Municipal Corporation: A Study in the Context of the Debate on the Women’s Reservation Bill, CSH Occasional Paper 2, 2001, 63p. RUET J., Winners and Losers of the State Electricity Board Reforms: An Organisational Analysis, CSH Occasional Paper 1, 2001, 85p. 2 China-India Economic Engagement CHINA-INDIA ECONOMIC ENGAGEMENT Building Mutual Confidence Swaran SINGH March 2005 CSH OCCASIONAL PAPER N° 10 / 2005 3 Swaran SINGH Centre de Sciences Humaines (Centre for Social Sciences): Created in New Delhi in 1989, the CSH, like its counterpart in Pondicherry (Institut Français de Pondichéry), is also part of the same network of research centres of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The Centre’s research work is primarily oriented towards the study of issues concerning the contemporary dynamics relative to development in India and South Asia. The activities of the Centre are focused on four main themes, namely: Economic transition and sustainable development; Regional dynamics in South Asia and international relations; Political dynamics, institutional set-up and social transformations; Urban dynamics. [Centre de Sciences Humaines, 2, Aurangzeb Road, New Delhi 110 011 Tel.: (91 11) 30 41 00 70 Fax: (91 11) 30 41 00 79 Email: [email protected] – Website: http://www.csh-delhi.com] Institut Français de Pondichéry (French Institute of Pondicherry): Created in 1955, the IFP is a multidisciplinary research and advanced educational institute. Major research works are focussing on Sanskrit and Tamil languages and literatures – in close collaboration with the Ecole Française d’Extrême-Orient This research work has been conducted with the financial support of the Centre de Sciences Humaines (Centre for Social Sciences), New Delhi. © Centre de Sciences Humaines, 2005 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or means, without prior permission of the author or the publisher Published by Raman Naahar, Rajdhani Art Press, C-166, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase I, Tel. : 98102 45301 The opinions expressed in these papers are solely those of the author(s). ISSN- 0972 - 3579 4 China-India Economic Engagement for Malti and Mini 5 Swaran SINGH 6 China-India Economic Engagement CONTENTS List of Tables/Graphs/Maps 7 Preface 9 - 13 Chapter One : The Opening Up 15-52 Big Picture is Changing Inevitability about their Partnership China’s Opening Up and Reforms Trade and FDI Driven Development Period of Internal Adjustment Transparency in Governance India’s Intermittent Economic Reforms Politics Driven Economic Reforms Collapse of Soviet State and IMF Pressures Comparative Analysis Conclusion Chapter Two : Historical Legacies 53-81 Nature of Oriental Commerce Evolution of Silk Route Colonial Interface The Opium Trade The Great Depression Period Post-liberation Policies Post-liberation Economic Engagement Conclusion Chapter Three : Bilateral Trade 83-112 Comparing Their Fundamentals Emerging Nature and Trends Institutional Arrangements Investments and Joint Ventures Mutual Investments Impact of Nuclear Tests Economic versus Strategic Priorities Conclusion 7 Swaran SINGH Chapter Four : Border Trade 113-141 China’s Border Trade Policies Opening Trade Route through Nathu La Rising Economic Significance Political Significance of Nathu La Expansion versus Consolidation Back to the Future Conclusion Chapter Five : Building Confidence 143-166 Economic Engagement as CBM Some Major Watersheds Impact on Border Communities Border Trade and Border Dispute Future of China-India Partnership New Sub-Regional Perspective Regional/Global Perspectives India’s Future Challenges Conclusion Chapter Six : Future Trends 167-182 Competitive vs. Complimentary Debate Economics driven Politics Future of Bilateral Economic Engagement Specifics of the Border Trade Conclusion Chronology on China-India Agreements 183-186 Bibliography 187-205 8 China-India Economic Engagement TABLES/GRAPHS/MAPS Graph 1.1 China-India: Comparing Their Fundamentals 26 Table 2.1 British India’s Trade with China 1829-1838 68 Table 2.2 China-India trade Agreements during early 1950s 79 Chart 3.1 China-South Asia Trade 1993, 1999 and 2003 86 Graph 3.2 Trends in China-India GDP Growth Rates 88 Graph 3.3 Trends in China-India FDI 91 Graph 3.4 Trends in China-India Bilateral Trade 96 Graph 3.5 Trends in China-India Exports Imports 106 Map 4.1 Lipulekh and Shipki La Border Trade points 121 Map 4.2 Mansarovar and Kailash route 125 Map 4.3 Nathu La Pass and Border Trade point 126 9 Swaran SINGH 10 China-India Economic Engagement PREFACE Comparisons with China and lessons to be learnt from China’s experiments in opening up and economic reforms have been a staple concern of Indian political and academic debates. Especially, those trying to project a case for India’s liberalization and integration with global economy often cite China’s success as example to follow. This excessive focus on China often overlooks the differences in both their challenges and opportunities. It also fails to underline the fundamental differences in their methodologies and mindsets. Especially, the debate on China-India ties remains thin when it comes to examining the overall and multifaceted impact of their bilateral economic engagement and debate has been rather weak, or sporadic at best, in highlighting the larger socio-political implications of their ever expanding economic interface. Surely, given the size and dynamism of their economies, this interface remains critical to the evolution of China-India ties but also integral to the overall profile of globalization and international political economy at large that surround this relationship. No doubt, China and India have lots in common: long histories, ancient civilizations, unique cultures, vast landmass, huge populations, and significant natural resources. Also, both countries have had their share of experience in colonial subjugation, and both spent their initial post-liberation decades experimenting with planned economic systems inspired by the anti-capitalist (anti-imperialist for us) Soviet model of those times. Later, both were to move (almost in tandem) towards re-structuring and opening up of their economies to the forces of free-market mechanism. However, thanks to their colonial and cold war legacies, all these experiments of opening up were to occur largely on mutually exclusive basis, and this had continued to be the case till recent years. It is only in last few years that two have begun to emphasize 11 Swaran SINGH on their mutual linkages and on their new thesis of mutual benefit and mutual accommodation. This seems to bring the focus back to their strong and regular cultural and commercial interface which had been the norm since ancient times. Especially, with China’s continuous rise during last three decades, Beijing’s focus has since come to be on moving from being big economy to stronger nation and on building links of its ‘multidimensional’ economy to its immediate periphery.1 This perhaps partly explains the recent upsurge in China-India economic ties. It is in this new phase of their expanding economic engagement and political rapprochement that both China and India have begun to conceptualize the evolving new multifaceted contours of their interactions which has since begun to move beyond their State sponsored initiatives. This, indeed, had been the norm of China- India interface until the colonial invasions of these Asian giants which was to introduce counter-trends of exclusively State censorship and control which was alien to both these civilisations. It is this deeper and holistic understanding of their past that today forms the solid premises of their new found enthusiasm and confidence in promoting their mutual economic engagement as an instrument to create atmospherics for resolving their political problems. Nevertheless, despite these positive portents, their economic engagement has long way to go to exploit their full potential and their mutual perceptions and policies remain still fairly circumscribed by their politico-strategic equations. As a result, even when both India and China have been experimenting with liberalizing their economies, their mutual interface
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Border Trade: Reopening the Tibet Border Claude Arpi the First Part of This Paper Concluded with This Question: Can the Borders
    Border Trade: Reopening the Tibet Border Claude Arpi The first part of this paper concluded with this question: can the borders be softened again? Can the age-old relation between the Tibetans and the Himalayans be revived? The process has started, though it is slow. This paper will look at the gains acquired from the reopening of the three land ports, but also at the difficulties to return to the booming trade which existed between Tibet and India before the invasion of Tibet in 1950 and to a certain extent till the Indo-China war of 1962. It will also examine the possibility to reopen more land ports in the future, mainly in Ladakh (Demchok) and Arunachal Pradesh. Tibet’s Economic Figures for 2012 According to a Chinese official website, the Tibetan Autonomous Region is economically doing extremely well. Here are some ‘official’ figures: • Tibet's GDP reached 11.3 billion US $ in 2012, an increase of 12 % compared to the previous year (Tibet's GDP was 9.75 billion US $ in 2011 and 8.75 billion US $ in 2010). • Tibet's economy has maintained double-digit growth for 20 consecutive years. • Fixed asset investment have increased by 20.1 % • The tax revenues reached 2.26 billion US $ (fiscal revenue grew by 46%) • And Tibet received over 11 million domestic and foreign tourists earning 2.13 billion US $ Tibet’s Foreign Trade Figures for 2012 The foreign trade is doing particularly well. On January 23, 2013, Xinhua announced that Tibet has registered new records in foreign trade. A Chinese government agency reported that the foreign trade of the Tibetan Autonomous Region reached more than 3 billion U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report
    SFG1136 China/Global Environment Facility Project Project Number：QT2014-30 Landscape Approach to Wildlife Conservation in Northeast China Project Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report Heilongjiang Province · Jilin Province · China Executive Office of Siberian Tiger Habitat Protection Project in Jilin Province Executive Office of Siberian Tiger Habitat Protection Project in Heilongjiang Province Executive Office of Siberian Tiger Protection Project of the General Bureau of Heilongjiang Forest Industry Planning and Design Institute of Forest Products Industry of the State Forestry Administration March, 2015 Content 1 Overview ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Project Background .......................................................................................... 1 1.2 Preparation of Environment Assessment Report ............................................. 4 1.3 Assessment Process ......................................................................................... 5 1.4 Assessment Scope, Period and Protection Objectives ..................................... 6 1.5 Environmental Impact Factors Identification and Assessment ........................ 7 2 Analysis of Applicable Laws and Regulations ......................................................... 10 2.1 Policy Planning .............................................................................................. 10 2.2 Conformity Analysis of Policies and Plans ..................................................
    [Show full text]
  • India-Nepal,Kalapani,Nepal,Open Border
    APRIL 2020 ISSUE NO. 356 India and Nepal’s Kalapani Border Dispute: An Explainer SOHINI NAYAK ABSTRACT Neighbours India and Nepal, who share an open border, have not always had the most amicable of relations, oscillating from one extreme to the other. One of their long-standing disputes is over the border area of Kalapani. This discord has the potential to disrupt the other aspects of their ties, especially in the domains of the economy and cross-border security. Further, if the two countries fail to arrive at a resolution to the disagreement, it might give other stakeholders such as China an opportunity to interfere. This brief explains the Kalapani issue and in that context, explores what can be expected of the bilateral relationship in the future. Attribution: Sohini Nayak, “India and Nepal’s Kalapani Border Dispute: An Explainer,” ORF Issue Brief No. 356, April 2020, Observer Research Foundation. Observer Research Foundation (ORF) is a public policy think tank that aims to influence the formulation of policies for building a strong and prosperous India. ORF pursues these goals by providing informed analyses and in-depth research, and organising events that serve as platforms for stimulating and productive discussions. ISBN 978-93-89622-94-2 © 2020 Observer Research Foundation. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied, archived, retained or transmitted through print, speech or electronic media without prior written approval from ORF. India and Nepal’s Kalapani Border Dispute: An Explainer INTRODUCTION External Affairs, Nepal, under the leadership of Foreign Minister Pradeep Kumar Gyawali also In November 2019, the Home Ministry of India issued a statement for the media stating that, released a new edition of the Indian political “The Nepal government is committed to map, showing Jammu and Kashmir along with protecting the country’s external borders and it 1 Ladakh as the new union territories of India.
    [Show full text]
  • Promotion of Trade and Investments Between China and India: the Case of Southwest China and East and Northeast India
    PROMOTION OF TRADE AND INVESTMENTS BETWEEN CHINA AND INDIA: THE CASE OF SOUTHWEST CHINA AND EAST AND NORTHEAST INDIA BISWA N. BHATTACHARYAY PRABIR DE CESIFO WORKING PAPER NO. 1508 CATEGORY 7: TRADE POLICY JULY 2005 An electronic version of the paper may be downloaded • from the SSRN website: www.SSRN.com • from the CESifo website: www.CESifo.de CESifo Working Paper No. 1508 PROMOTION OF TRADE AND INVESTMENTS BETWEEN CHINA AND INDIA: THE CASE OF SOUTHWEST CHINA AND EAST AND NORTHEAST INDIA Abstract Open regionalism and integration between the world’s two largest developing countries - the People’s Republic of China (China) and India - in trade, investments and infrastructure development can foster outward-oriented development and economic and social benefits that could result in poverty reduction. In view of the increasing trend toward regional integration, particularly the expanded European Union and North American integration, the opportunity costs of not moving toward greater economic integration between China and India involving common neighbouring countries could be increasing. This paper discusses the above subject in the context of possible areas of China - India economic cooperation and integration in the Eastern and Northeastern region of India and Southwestern provinces of China, including neighbouring countries like Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, and Nepal. JEL Code: F1, F2, Q1, Q4, R4. Keywords: India, China, economic cooperation and integration, trade, investment and infrastructure development. Biswa N. Bhattacharyay Prabir
    [Show full text]
  • Current Analyses on Shipki-La Trade, Kinnaur 2017
    Ethnologia Polona, vol. 37: 2016 (2017), 31 – 52 PL ISSN 0137 - 4079 CURRENT ANALYSES ON SHIPKI-LA TRADE, KINNAUR, 2017 RAFAL BESZTERDA DEPARTMENT OF ETHNOLOGY AND CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY NICOLAUS COPERNICUS UNIVERSITY IN TORUN, POLAND This paper reflects on the most current trading activities through Shipki Pass in Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh. Apart from presenting economic data it discusses the background context, political conditions and some future prospects of the trading process. * * * Tekst artykułu omawia współczesne przedsięwzięcia handlowe dokonujące się przez przełęcz Szipki w okręgu Kinnaur, Himaćal Pradeś. Obok danych ekonomicznych przedstawia tło kontekstowe, uwarun­ ko wania polityczne oraz pomysły rozwojowe tej działalności. K e y w o r d s: Himalayas, Kinnaur, trade, Shipki­la, Tibet, China. INTRODUCTION In my own previous publications some false predictions in relation to the declining tendencies of total border trade value through Shipki­la in Kinnaur (Beszterda 2015, 239–259; Beszterda 2014, 117–134) were made. In the light of more recent research findings, I wish to take the opportunity to revise some of my earlier conclusions and interpretations. For readers who are not fully aware of the issue, tax­free border trade between India and Tibet was reactivated in the 1990s. Until this reopening the Himalayan passes had been officially sealed since 1962. The first pass designated for this purpose was Lipulekh in Pithoragarh Distt., Uttarakhand (opened to all intents and purposes in 1992). The second was Shipki­la in Kinnaur Distt., H.P. – the subject of this paper (opened in 1994), and the third was Nathu­la in Eastern Dist., Sikkim (since 2006).
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Assessment Executive Summary
    Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized China: Jilin-Tumen-Hunchun Project Railway Environmental Assessment Assessment Environmental Executive Summary March 2011 2011 March E2712 v1 v1 E2712 Table of Content 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Background .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Project Development Objective.................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. Environmental Assessment Process and Legal Framework.................................................................... 3 Project Description...................................................................................................................................... 4 2. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES...........................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. 3. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ................................................................................................................ 6 Physical Setting............................................................................................................................................ 6 Sensitive Ecosystems...................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Kmy-Guide.Pdf
    EAST ASIA DIVISION MINISTRY OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS GOVERNMENT OF INDIA KAILASH MANASAROVAR YATRA – 2014 INFORMATION GUIDE FOR YATRIS CONTENTS SL.NO. DETAILS PAGE NO. 1 INTRODUCTION 03 a) Eligibility 03 b) Applying for the Yatra and Selection Process 03 c) Confirmation of Participation by Yatris 03 d) Important Documents 03 e) Fees and Expenditure 04 f) Preparations for the Yatra 04 2 LEGAL 04 3 STAY IN DELHI 05 a) Day-1: Arrival of Yatris in Delhi and Accommodation 05 • How to Reach Gujarati Samaj Sadan 05 b) Day-2: Medical Check-up at DHLI and Chinese Visa 05-06 • How to Reach Delhi Heart and Lung Institute 06 c) Day-3: Medical Tests at ITBP Hospital 06 • How to Reach ITBP Base Hospital 06 d) Day-4: Briefing Session at MEA and Submission of Indemnity Bond 06 4 ROUTE OF THE YATRA 07 a) Delhi to Lipulekh Pass – Table 07 b) Route on Chinese Side – Table 07 c) Return Journey – Table 08 5 YATRA SCHEDULE 08 a) Day-1: Delhi to Almora 08 b) Day-2: Almora to Dharchula 08 c) Day-3: Dharchula to Sirkha 08 d) Day-4: Sirkha to Gala 09 e) Day-5: Gala to Budhi 09 f) Day-6: Budhi to Gunji 09 g) Days-6 and 7: Gunji 10 h) Day-8: Gunji to Navidhang 10 i) Day-9: Navidhang to Lipulekh Pass 10 j) Day-9: Lipulekh Pass to Taklakot 11 k) Days-9 and 10: Taklakot 11 l) Days-11 to 16: Kailash-Manasarovar Parikramas 11 • Parikrama of Mount Kailash 12 • Parikrama of Manasarovar 13 1 | Page SL.NO.
    [Show full text]
  • Rpr-2009-7-5
    ERIA Research Project Report 2009, No. 7-5 DDEVELOPMENT OF CCHINA’’S TTRANSPORTATION IINFRASTRUCTURE AND IINTERNATIONAL CCONNECTIVITY EDITED BY 1 ZHANG YUNLING March 2010 1 Zhang Yunling as the research director of this project, is responsible for designing and writing the final report paper, while Wu Wehua, Zhao Minglong, Zhang Yushan and Zhong Feiteng as the research team members, are responsible for preliminary research and drafting the designated part. TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents i List of Project Members ii CHAPTER 1. Overview: the Development of China’s Transportation Infrastructure 1 CHAPTER 2. The Development of Transportation Infrastructure and International 18 Links in China’s Southeast Region CHAPTER 3. The Development of Transportation Infrastructure and International 37 Links in China’s Northeast Region CHAPTER 4. The Development of Transportation Infrastructure and International 53 Links in China’s Northwest Region CHAPTER 5. The Development of Transport Infrastructure and International Links in 69 China’s Southwest Region CHAPTER 6. Infrastructure Development in East Asia and Cooperation between China 81 and Japan i LIST OF PROJECT MEMBERS Project Director: Zhang Yunling, Professor, Director of Academic Division of International Studies, Academy Member, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Research team members: Wu Wenhua, Professor, Director of the Institute of Transportation, Institute of Macroeconomics of Nation Development and Reform Commission (Chapter 1) Zhao Minglong, Professor, Director of the Institute of
    [Show full text]
  • The University of Chicago Manchurian Atlas
    THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MANCHURIAN ATLAS: COMPETITIVE GEOPOLITICS, PLANNED INDUSTRIALIZATION, AND THE RISE OF HEAVY INDUSTRIAL STATE IN NORTHEAST CHINA, 1918-1954 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DIVISION OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY BY HAI ZHAO CHICAGO, ILLINOIS DECEMBER 2015 For My Parents, Zhao Huisheng and Li Hong ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS It has been an odyssey for me. The University of Chicago has become both a source of my intellectual curiosity and a ladder I had to overcome. Fortunately, I have always enjoyed great help and support throughout the challenging journey. I cannot express enough thanks to my academic advisors—Professor Bruce Cumings, Professor Prasenjit Duara, and Professor Guy Alitto—for their dedicated teaching, inspiring guidance and continued encouragement. I have also benefited immensely, during various stages of my dissertation, from the discussions with and comments from Professor Salim Yaqub, Professor James Hevia, Professor Kenneth Pomeranz, and Professor Jacob Eyferth. Professor Dali Yang of Political Sciences and Professor Dingxin Zhao of Sociology provided valuable insights and critiques after my presentation at the East Asia Workshop. My sincere thanks also goes to Professor Shen Zhihua at the East China Normal University who initiated my historical inquiry. I am deeply indebted to my friends and colleagues without whom it would not have been possible to complete this work: Stephen Halsey, Paul Mariani, Grace Chae, Suzy Wang, Scott Relyea, Limin Teh, Nianshen Song, Covell Meyskens, Ling Zhang, Taeju Kim, Chengpang Lee, Guo Quan Seng, Geng Tian, Yang Zhang, and Noriko Yamaguchi.
    [Show full text]
  • India-China Defence Cooperation and Military Engagement
    Focus India-China Defence Cooperation and Military Engagement Rup Narayan Das* Defence cooperation and military engagement between India and China are aspects of the complex mix of conflict and cooperation approach to bilateral relations between the two Asian giants. It is based on the presumption that there is a security dilemma between the two countries. However, it recognises the framework and postulates of what is called cooperative security. Through the liberal institutionalist’s perspective, it argues that India-China defence cooperation and military engagement are not only possible but also desirable. For these two biggest developing nations of the world, peace and friendship between them are not only in their mutual interests, but also important for bringing peace, stability and prosperity to South Asia. Military engagements between countries across the world are increasingly becoming an important aspect of the bilateral relations between them. It is not only symbolic of maturing of their relationship but also builds trust and confidence between the defence forces which may prove useful during any joint military operation such as M fighting terrorism or natural disasters like flood and earthquake. Military engagement is possible when ilitary engagement thereand their is higher defence degree forces. of friendship If approaches and cooperation to study of is possible when atinternational the political politics level between and more the particularly two governments to study andthere cooperation is higher at thedegree political of friendship level of bilateral relationship between two countries can be broadly categorised as realists and liberal institutionalist, then advocates of Confidence Building Measures (CBMS) like defence cooperation theirbetween defence the two forces.
    [Show full text]
  • 2A X`Ge Dved Fa Ar V] E` Cv`Cxr Zdv Uzdeczted
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
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 July Tibet Digest Final
    Tibet Digest July 2019 FOUNDATION FOR NON-VIOLENT ALTERNATIVES Tibet Digest is a monthly publication brought out by FNVA containing relevant news pertaining to Tibet, Chinese politics and Sino Indian relations that appear mostly but not restricted to the Chinese state media. www.fnvaworld.org (under update) 143, 4th Floor, Uday Park, New Delhi, 49 offi[email protected] TIBET DIGEST, JULY 2019 ! !1 July 2019 1 China’s Tibet Policy 6 320 villages listed as key rural tourism spots 6 China dispatches 2,307 young cadres in aid for Tibet, Qinghai 6 Tibet relics to be exhibited in Beijing 7 Tibetans Beaten, Detained in Kardze Over Dalai Lama Photos 7 11th Panchen Lama goes to Ngari for Buddhist activities 8 Tibetan Jailed in Qinghai For Listening to Foreign News Broadcasts is Freed Early For ‘Good Behavior’ 9 26 prehistoric human activity sites discovered on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 9 Tibet funds poor students through paper recycling 10 Reservation required for visiting Potala Palace 10 Top political advisor stresses ethnic, religious affairs, poverty alleviation 10 Tibetan Buddhism Suppressed: Lamas Closely Monitored, Temple Destroyed 11 Lhasa posts double-digit increase of visitor arrivals 12 Travel Restrictions Imposed on Sichuan’s Yachen Gar Buddhist Center 12 Communist China to provide ‘guidance’ to temples, churches 13 China denies reports of having Xinjiang-like mass detention camps in Tibet 14 Top political adviser praises work of religious committee 14 China forces tourists to install an app that steals data 15 Thousands of Monks, Nuns ‘Politically
    [Show full text]