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Issues of the Sixties Inside Pages of the Detroit Fifth Estate, 1965-1970

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Issues of the Sixties Inside Pages of the Detroit Fifth Estate, 1965-1970 TITLE Capturing Detroit Through An Underground Lens: Issues of the Sixties Inside Pages of the Detroit Fifth Estate, 1965-1970. By Harold Bressmer Edsall, III Presented to the American Culture Faculty at the University of Michigan-Flint in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Liberal Studies in American Culture Date March 8, 2010 First Reader Second Reader t Capturing Detroit Through An Underground Lens: Issues of the Sixties Inside Pages of the Detroit Fifth Estate Newspaper, 1965-1970 CONTENTS Introduction 2/5ths In Every Garage 2 Chapter 1 Life in the Fourth Estate: Someone Had to Testify 12 Chapter 2 Origins of The Fifth Estate : Hard to Miss The 55 Black and White Coalition Chapter 3 Antiwar News: The Fifth Estate “A Peddler of 89 Smut” Chapter 4 The Fifth Estate , The Underground Press Syndicate, 126 And Countercultural Revenues Chapter 5 Time, Life, Luce, LBJ, LSD, and theFifth Estate 163 APPENDIX Distortion of an UM-Flint Graduate 200 BIBLIOGRAPHY 207 2 Introduction: 2/5ths In Every Garage 3 In December 1968 editors of the Detroit Fifth Estate (FE ), what was referred to as an “underground newspaper,” shared with its readers that “A girl wrote us from Britton, Mich, and told us that she had been caught selling papers to Adrian College students and got busted by her high school principal.”1 The authorities threatened the young lady with criminal charges for selling “pornographic literature, contributing to the delinquency of minors, and selling without a permit.”2 FE stated, “This goes on all the time, but it won’t turn us around. Two Fifth Estates in every garage is our motto.”3 They meant what they said, and although it is safe to assume they didn’t satisfy their motto of getting two into every garage, they certainly exceeded their goal when it came to mine. When I was a minor, about the age of twelve or thirteen years old, I lived in the city of Petoskey, MI. During the summer of 1969 or 1970,1 went out to our garage looking for some baseball equipment and stumbled onto piles ofFE’s stacked in bundles along with loads of other radical periodicals, including underground newspapers published in different cities throughout the U.S., in addition to underground comics Rollingand Stone magazines. The freight I had discovered was hauled from Detroit to Northern Michigan by an outfit knownKeep as on Trucking Co-op {KOTC). According toFE’s “DEEE-TROIT SEEN,” a segment that focused on Motor City happenings, the Co-op was a sixteen-person outfit that distributedFE “and about a dozen other revolutionary and youth culture publications to 250 stops around the state.”4 It seems one of the stops was my house.KOTC also did Printing for movement groups, do speaking dates on their routes, serve as communication and news gathering network, and generally take care of business. If they are going to keep on truckin, though, thru this awful winter they are going to need at least 12 cars, they now have 3 in working order. If you have an extra piece of iron (truck or car) laying around your drive or garage, contact them at 831-1574.5 My uncle, Ed Gustafson, a Petoskey native, occasionally repairedKOTC vehicles and may have assisted with keeping the three vehicles in working order. Ed’s a rugged, talented, innovative tradesman who can fix stuff that has yet to be invented. Once in a while he ran some routes deliveringFE to various retailers, but I doubt he spoke at engagements. His theories are rather advanced, complicated to follow, and when he cites personnel experience to support his presumptions, you wonder why script writers aren’t lining up to make movies of his uttering. For a short time he lived in a place called Boone’s Farm Commune, located at 4723 Avery Street, between Canfield and Calumet, two blocks west of Trumball. After Ed had moved backed to Northern Michigan, on a return trip to Detroit for business, he brought me with him and while in town we stopped by Boone’s Farm to say hi to some of the farmers. Ed ended up in the street, in front of the commune, overhauling an engine for a 1951 Chevy Van with a hatchback, the style of vehicle used to transportFE’s around the world. Having witnessed for years my grandfather performing this type of surgety, I found watching grease-covered hippie mechanics rebuilding a 4 motor rather dull, so I went inside and hung out with some hippie-looking ladies. They were very kind and polite, and get this; they didn’t ask me if 1 wanted to get high. Being a small town kid, though, only fourteen, they thought I might get a kick out of going to the Grande Ballroom on Grand River Ave. to see Mitch Ryder. Ed nixed that idea, saying we didn’t have time to stick around town. Members of KOTC and some of theFE staff lived at Boone’s Farm, the house within walking distance from the comer of Warren Avenue and the John Lodge Freeway service drive, site of FE’s headquarters. Due to the proximity betweenFE’s office and the commune, it wasn’t unusual for some of the paper’s employees that lived at the Farm to walk to and from work. And in the city, every now and then, the stroll had a little adventure. In December FE1970 reported, “Two brothers were trukin down Warren from the Fifth Estate Office one cold night Two street dudes walk up behind them and start saying how much they need bread. One of them pulls out a piece and demands”3 the duo’s money. The two comrades kept their cool, debating with the thieves, trying to convince them of how they also needed the cash. Both parties mutually agreed that times were tough in Detroit. One of the thieves asked the pair where they were going, and one of the “brothers” pointed towards Avery Street, which earned the response, “Holy Shit, you must be some of those revolutionaries from Boone’s Farm. Let me shake your hand.”6 Images presented by traditional media sources of frail, passive antiwar hippies unable to defend against being “clubbed and tear-gassed” certainly weren’t an accurate portrayal of Ed and his cronies. InBringing Peace Home, Karen J. Warren & Duane L. Cady make the point that in a patriarchal society, “War and Peace are seen as opposites” and that people who work for peace are viewed as sissies. Such a vision supports what is “macho, polarized, dichotomized attitudes toward war and peace,” a “reconceptualization of values along a continuum which allows degrees of pacifism and degrees of justification for war.”71 cannot help thinkingFE’s of foreign correspondent Nick Medvecky donating blood to someone that “stepped on an anti-personnel”8 landmine as he lived amid the “squalid and horrible misery” of “tents and tin shacks” with “little protection against the burning sun and the driving cold winds and rains of winters” that formed the “harsh reality of Palestinian relocation”9 refuge camps in the Middle East. While throngs of hippies served as fodder for Coca Cola and Pepsi commercials at Woodstock, Medvecky traveled the war tom Middle East. In a second tour one year later, “a guest of a commando organization,” FE stated, “As the crisis of that area sharpens, threatening to create another Vietnam for the United States, the importance o f’ Medvecky’s “first hand reports cannot be stressed enough.”10 While moving with A1 Fatah through the desert and “having a first hand look at the Palestinian revolution usually denied Western observers,”11 from his personal experience Medvecky testified, 5 “Reading the mass media, watching one’s TV, and listening to the news on the radio, quickly confirms the media’s ‘confusion’ on the dynamics ranging all around them. There is not any understanding manifested beyond the ‘cowboys and indians’ mentality.”12 In those days, due to stereotypical images pertaining to longhaired men, if you fit that category, you had to be on the lookout for law enforcement ready to pounce on you for no reason but personal appearance and for bully’s thinking you’re an easy opponent WritingFE for in August 1970, the journalist “Sanjuro” cautioned at demonstrations that the police, “who are just people, wade in swinging randomly because there is no resistance,” and advised that its “a revolutionary’s duty to stay out of jail if at all possible, and keep his or her head intact,” noting, “what good are you if you can’t keep yourself from being beaten, or someone else who is.”13 Through FE’s coverage of the Open City project, the underground community’s effort to provide poverty stricken Detroiters with free medical, legal, and plenty of other services, the paper let it be known readers could learn self-defense by taking free karate lessons from Doug Larkins, chairperson for the Open City defense committee.14 Larkins, who workedFE at and also served as martial arts instructor for the paper’s editor Peter Werbe, was also a friend of Ed’s, and the two would tussle with each other intermittently, attempting to prove which form of self defense was most effective. In fact, it was what sounded like karate chops banging on our backdoor on a snowy day before Christmas 1969. When I opened the door, standing outside was a young man with a wide grin, his smile outlined by a Fu Man Chu mustache, holding an axe in his hand. His hair hung to his shoulders, with sort a singed look, kind of frizzy, and a condition that may have been caused by falling snowflakes landing on his head, wetting his locks.
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