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And Kwansei Gakuin Glee Club How the Churchill Trophy Came to the World A report based on the documents at the Churchill Archives Centre, Churchill College, Cambridge University Takaaki Kanzaki Professor at the School of Economics Advisor to the English Speaking Society Kwansei Gakuin University Kwansei Gakuin Archives How the Churchill Trophy Came to the World How the Churchill Trophy Came to the World A report based on the documents at the Churchill Archives Centre, Churchill College, Cambridge University Takaaki Kanzaki Professor at the School of Economics Adviser to the English Speaking Society Kwansei Gakuin University Translated by Eiko Ashizuka with the Collaboration of Steven Silver 神崎高明「チャーチル杯創設の経緯 ～ケンブリッジ大学チャーチル・カレッジの資料から～」 『学院史編纂室便り』第 36 号、2012 年 11 月 1 日、2-6 頁 http://www.kwansei.ac.jp/gakuinshi/LEFT.htm Kwansei Gakuin Archives - 2 - How the Churchill Trophy Came to the World: A Report Based on the Documents at the Churchill Archives Centre, Churchill College, Cambridge University 1. The Birth of the “Churchill Trophy Contest” Since 1958, the English Speaking Society (henceforth ESS) at Kwansei Gakuin University has been holding an English speech contest for the Churchill Trophy, inviting the senior high school students as the contestants, and honoring the late Sir Winston Churchill (1874-1965), the former British Prime Minister, by using his name for the contest. “The Churchill Trophy Contest” was not the earliest speech contest for the high school students organized by the ESS. Even before the Second World War, the ESS had organized the English speech contest for the high school students. According to the two history books of Kwansei Gakuin,1) the Kwansei Gakuin ESS gave the first English Oratorical Contest for the junior high school students (prewar education system) in 1928. After the war, in 1950, the ESS gave the first inter Kei-han-shin (Kyoto-Osaka-Kobe) junior and senior high school English oratorical contest. Two years later, this contest expanded into the “All-Japan English Oratorical Contest for the Mainichi Trophy,” which included senior high school All-Japan English Oratorical Contest for the Mainichi Trophy, 1952 - 3 - How the Churchill Trophy Came to the World students. Though this contest carried the phrase “All-Japan” in the title, most of the participants in this contest were limited to those from the senior high schools in the Kinki area and the area west. In order to make the contest more inclusive, two epoch-making projects took place in 1958, during Mr. Masashi Saho’s tenure as the president of the ESS. The first one was to co-sponsor the contest with the Aoyama Gakuin University ESS in Tokyo in order to increase the participation from the Kanto area. The other was to name the contest in honor of Sir Winston Churchill who was an orator of high renown. According to The Kwansei Gakuin University English Speaking Society: A Centennial History, it was Mr. Yozo Tanimoto, then an ESS alumnus, who put forth the idea that the ESS would write a letter to Sir Winston Churchill and receive his permission to crown the contest with his name. The main person in charge of realizing those two challenges was Mr. Munehiro Yamaguchi, who was the then-chairman of the committee on speeches in the ESS. The project to realize the joint venturing with Aoyama Gakuin went smoothly, but the larger issue was how to obtain access to Sir Winston Churchill. A big question mark was whether he would give his approval. A letter in English was written by the ESS head, Mr. Masashi Saho, and was sent to Sir Winston together with the letter of recommendation by the President of Kwansei Gakuin, Mr. Hidejiro Kato, via the British consulate general in Osaka. Mr. Tommy Uematsu, an ESS alumnus, then a reporter for the Mainichi Daily News, served as a facilitator to put the letter in the hands of English consulate general in Osaka. Two months later, the answer arrived in the form of a letter signed by Sir Winston Churchill himself in which he gave his approval to the project via the consulate general. With this, in 1958, the - 4 - “7th All Japan English Oratorical Contest for the Mainichi Trophy” made a new start revising the title as the “7th Annual All-Japan Inter-Senior High School English Oratorical Contest for the Churchill Trophy.” During this year, for the first time, the preliminary contest in the Kanto area was held at Aoyama Gakuin University, and the final contest was held at Kwansei Gakuin University. On the program of the contest, the letter from Sir Winston Churchill appeared. Since then, Kwansei Gakuin University and Aoyama Gakuin University alternate with each other each year in holding the final contest for the “Churchill Trophy.” In November 2012, the 61st contest was held at Kwansei Gakuin University. The above is the summary of the information the writer has obtained from the ESS alumni as well as the documents contained in The Kwansei Gakuin University English Speaking Society: A Centennial History. 2. The Missing Letter from Sir Winston Churchill Unfortunately, the original letter sent by Sir Winston Churchill in 1958 has been lost. Since the letter was addressed to Professor Hidejiro Kato, then-President of Kwansei Gakuin, it was presumed that it would be kept at the university’s head office. In 1997, when a Centennial History of the ESS was being compiled, a search for the original letter was conducted at the Gakuin head office; however, the letter was not found. According to the head office staff, in 1969 the head office of the university was occupied by the All-Campus Joint Struggle Committee, and many documents were lost during the confusion; the letter might have been lost during that time. While the original letter is still missing, a copy of letter was published in The KG Times, in April, 1958, the text of which is as follows: - 5 - How the Churchill Trophy Came to the World Dear Mr. President, I am indeed obliged to you for the compliment you pay me in wishing to name your prize for oratory after me, and I am very glad to give my consent. Yours sincerely, Winston S. Churchill Only a few older ESS alumni, as part of their nostalgic recollections of days gone by, have spoken of the letter that was sent to Sir Winston Churchill and of the reply signed by Sir Winston himself. However, given that these events took place more than a half-century ago, the existence of the letter has long been forgotten by most of the alumni. 3. A Letter from England In July, 2003, a letter was delivered to the head office in the administrative building of Kwansei Gakuin. The letter was signed by Mr. Mark Holland, president of Gale International Limited in England, and Mr. James Joll, who was the representative of Sir Winston Churchill Archive Trust. Ms. Misuzu Miyasaka, who was working at the president’s office in Kwansei Gakuin at the time, called to inform me about the arrival of the letter, as I was then acting as an advisor to the ESS. The letter said that the documents related to Sir Winston Churchill, which consisted of more than a million letters, had been preserved at the Churchill Archives Centre of Churchill College in Cambridge, and all the letters were planned to be microfilmed for the purpose of preserving them. Among the letters were a small number of documents from Kwansei Gakuin University, and they asked for permission to microfilm these documents. The - 6 - letter further stated that, upon request, they would send the university copies of the related documents when the microfilming had been completed. As Ms. Miyasaka belonged to the ESS when she was a Kwansei Gakuin student, she remembered the Churchill Trophy, and provided me with a copy of the letter. Upon reading it, I was convinced that the letters related to the Churchill Trophy must be included in the file related to Kwansei Gakuin at the Churchill Archives Centre. I informed the university headquarters, as an ESS advisor, that I was absolutely positive about microfilming the aforementioned letters at the Churchill Archives Centre since no documents remained on our side regarding how the Churchill Trophy came to be realized. Hence a letter of approval in microfilming the letters related to Kwansei Gakuin was sent to England addressed to Mr. Mark Holland and Mr. James Joll. 4. A Visit to Cambridge Sometime later, I wrote to Gale International Limited asking to let us know if the microfilming had been completed. Several years passed with no reply to my inquiry. Periodic searches were made through the Churchill Archives Centre on the Internet database, and I knew that the process of microfilming itself was gradually being conducted. However, no documents regarding Kwansei Gakuin was found through the several searches I made in the years following. After several more years had passed, a search of the system was made once again, also in vain. Eventually, I got an opportunity to visit England two years later in the summer in 2012. Prior to my visit, I searched the Churchill - 7 - How the Churchill Trophy Came to the World Archives Centre on the Internet one more time. The following line caught my eye: “Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Japan, on naming of English Oratorical Contest after him [Sir Winston].” I knew then that the microfilming of the letters regarding the Churchill Trophy had been completed. I sent a message at once to Ms. Sophie Bridges, a curator at the Churchill Archives Centre, informing her that I would be visiting Cambridge to read the documents on the Churchill Trophy in summer.
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