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Nota Ringkasan Asas Tajwid Al-Qur'an

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Nota Ringkasan Asas Tajwid Al-Qur'an FATEHAH LEARNING CENTRE ILMU . AMAL . AMAN . NOTA RINGKASAN ASAS TAJWID AL-QUR’AN RASM ‘UTHMANI RIWAYAT HAFS IMAM ‘ASIM ‘ Kuasai Ilmu Tajwid Dengan Mudah ’ ‘ Seronoknya Cinta Al-Qur’an ’ Disusun oleh: Ahmad Fitri Bin Mat Rusop Disemak oleh: Mohd Izwan Bin Ahmad FATEHAH LEARNING CENTRE 27-2, Jalan Wangsa Delima 2A, Syeksen 5 Wangsa Maju, 53300 Kuala Lumpur WhatsApp: 011 - 1621 7797 Tel: 03 - 4131 9057 FATEHAH LEARNING CENTRE Seronoknya Cinta Al-Quran KANDUNGAN BIL PERKARA MUKA SURAT 1 Pengenalan 3 2 Makhraj Huruf 5 3 Alif Lam Ma’rifah 10 4 Hukum Bacaan Nun Mati Dan Tanwin 11 5 Hukum Bacaan Mim Mati 14 6 Bacaan Mim Dan Nun Syaddah 15 7 Jenis-jenis Idgham 16 8 Jenis-jenis Mad 17 9 Hukum Bacaan Ra 24 10 Hukum Bacaan Lam Pada Lafaz Al-Jalalah 25 11 Qalqalah 25 12 Tanda-tanda Waqaf 26 13 Cara Bacaan Hamzah Wasal 27 14 Iltiqa’ Sakinain / Nun Al-Wiqayah 28 15 Bacaan-bacaan Gharib dalam Al-Qur’an 29 2 FATEHAH LEARNING CENTRE Seronoknya Cinta Al-Quran PENGENALAN PENGERTIAN TAJWID Tajwid dari sudut bahasa bermaksud memperelokkan atau memperindahkan. Dari sudut istilah pula, Tajwid bererti megeluarkan huruf dari tempatnya dengan memberikan hak sifat-sifat yang dimilikinya. Ringkasnya, ilmu tajwid adalah ilmu tentang cara membaca Al-Quran dengan baik dan betul. TUJUAN MEMPELAJARI ILMU TAJWID Supaya dapat membaca ayat suci Al-Qur’an secara fasih (betul/benar), lancar, serta dapat memelihara lidah dari kesalahan-kesalahan ketika membaca al-Qur'an. HUKUM MEMPELAJARI ILMU TAJWID Hukum mempelajari Ilmu Tajwid adalah Fardhu Kifayah. Akan tetapi, hukum mengamalkan tajwid di ketika membaca Al-Qu’an adalah Fardhu ‘Ain, atau wajib ke atas setiap lelaki dan perempuan yang mukallaf. 3 FATEHAH LEARNING CENTRE Seronoknya Cinta Al-Quran KESALAHAN-KESALAHAN DALAM BACAAN AL-QUR’AN ) َّ ِ ( Kesalahan Yang Nyata ) ِ َّ ( Kesalahan Yang Tersembunyi الل ْح ُن ال ْ َخف ي الل ْح ُن الْ َجل ي Ia berlaku apabila terdapat kesalahan Kesalahan ini tidak membawa kepada pada sebutan huruf atau perubahan perubahan makna, seperti meninggalkan pada tanda baris, sama ada membawa dengung, tidak dapat menentukan kadar kepada perubahan makna atau tidak. harakat mad dengan sempurna, atau tidak Kesalahan ini dihukumkan haram dan Kesalahan ini tidak sampai mencacatkan solat, berdosa. Jika kesalahan ini berlaku namun begitu, para pembaca Al-Qur’an patut dalam bacaan solat, maka tidak sah meninggalkannya. atau tidak sempurnalah solat tersebut. TINGKATAN BACAAN AL-QUR’AN At-Tahqiq At-Tartil At-Tadwir Al-Hadr At-Tahqiq merupakan At-Tartil ertinya Tingkatan ini berada Al-Hadr adalah tingkatan tingkatan yang paling membaca Al-Qur’an pada pertengahan antara bacaan Al-Qur’an yang lambat dan perlahan- dengan perlahan dan tartil dan hadr. Bacaan paling cepat. Namun lahan. Tempo ini tenang. Setiap huruf at-tadwir ini dikenal hukum tajwid masih lagi biasanya digunakan bagi dilafazkan satu persatu dengan bacaan yang terjaga. Al-Hadr biasanya mereka yang sedang dengan jelas dan tepat sedan, tidak terlalu diguna pakai oleh mereka belajar membaca Al- menurut makhraj dan cepat dan juga tidak yang sudah menghafal Qur’an agar dapat sifatnya, serta terpelihara terlalu perlahan. Al-Qur’an agar dapat melafazkan huruf beserta ukuran panjang Kebiasaannya dibaca mengulang hafalan dalam sifat-sifatnya dengan pendeknya, dan berusaha dalam solat oleh para masa yang singkat. tepat. untuk memahami imam. maknanya. Membaca dengan tartil lebih baik dan diutamakan. 4 FATEHAH LEARNING CENTRE Seronoknya Cinta Al-Quran MAKHRAJ HURUF Al-Halq Al-Lisan As-Syafatain Al-Jauf Al-Khaisyum Makhraj huruf bermaksud tempat keluar sebutan huruf-huruf hija'iyyah. Terdapat 5 pembahagian umum kesemuanya. Di dalamnya pula terdapat 17 makhraj huruf khusus. 1. Al-Halq )الْ َحْل ُق ( Ia bermaksud kerongkong tekak atau halkum. Teradapat 6 huruf kesemuanya yang keluar Huruf Halqi tersebut pula terbahagi 6 .( ء ه ح ع غ خ ) dari kerongkong tekak, iaitu kepada 3 bahagian khusus: ( ء ه) :a) Pangkal kerongkong ( ع ح ) b) Tengah kerongkong ( غ خ ) c) Hujung Kerongkong ِّ Al-Lisan .2 (الل َسا ُن ) ق ك ي ش ج ض ل ن ر ) : Ia bermaksud lidah. Terdapat 18 huruf Lisan atau Lidah, iaitu :Makhraj Lidah ini pula terbahagi kepada 10 bahagian khusus .( ت د ط ث ذ ظ ص ز س ( ق ) :a) Pangkal lidah, berhampiran dengan kerongkong menyentuh bahagian anak tekak ( ك ) :b) Pangkal lidah menyentuh lelangit belakang ( ش ج ي ) :c) Tengah lidah ditekan ke lelangit atas d) Tepi atau sisi lidah (kiri atau kanan) dirapatkan pada gigi geraham atas (bahagian ( ض ) :(dalam ( ل ) :(e) Hujung lidah ditekan ke gusi di atas gigi depan (bahagian dalam 5 FATEHAH LEARNING CENTRE Seronoknya Cinta Al-Quran f) Hujung lidah ditekan ke lelangit depan, sedikit ke belakang dari makhraj huruf Lam: ( ن ) g) Hujung lidah diangkat ke lelangit atas, serta dilengkungkan sehingga terlihat lidah ( ر ) :bahagian belakang ( ص ز س ) :h) Hujung lidah diletakkan ke belakang gigi depan bahagian bawah ( ت ط د ) :i) Hujung lidah ditekan ke pangkal gigi depan bahagian atas j) Hujung lidah dikeluarkan sedikit dan ditekan di hujung gigi depan bahagian atas: ( ذ ث ظ) (ال َّشَفتَ ْي ِن ) As-Syafatain .3 Makhraj ini .( ب م و ف ) : Ia bermaksud bibir mulut. Terdapat 4 huruf Syafatain, iaitu ini hanya terbahagi kepada 2 bahagian khusus sahaja: a) Bibir Bawah ditekan ke Gigi Kapak ) ف ( :bahagian atas b) Bibir Bawah dan Atas posisi rapat: ) ب م و ( 6 FATEHAH LEARNING CENTRE Seronoknya Cinta Al-Quran 4. Al-Jauf (الْ َجْو ُف ) Ia bermaksud rongga mulut. Bagi makhraj huruf ini, ia merupakan makhraj khusus bagi huruf-huruf Mad yang dikeluarkan melalui Rongga Mulut. Terdapat 3 huruf mad yang .) ا و ي ( :keluar dari rongga mulut, iaitu 5. Al-Khaisyum (الْ َخْي ُشوم ُ) Ia bermaksud Rongga Hidung. Makhraj Khaisyum hanya khusus untuk ghunnah (dengung) sahaja. Dengung mestilah dikeluarkan melalui rongga hidung. Dengung hanya (yang berbaris mati dan syaddah (sabdu ( ن ) dan Nun ( م ) berlaku pada huruf Mim sahaja. Gambar di bawah ini dinyatakan sekali contoh-contoh bacaan dengung: 7 FATEHAH LEARNING CENTRE Seronoknya Cinta Al-Quran LATIHAN SEBUTAN MAKHRAJ HURUF ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ءَا إِ ْى أُْو بَأ ْ أُْو ءًا أَن أَأْ َن م َن الُْمْؤن َمئيئًا أَنئًا ِ ِ ِ ِ بَا ب ْى بُ ْو بَ ْب بُ ْو بًا بَ ِن بَ ْب َن م َن الُْمْب ِن َمبيبًا بَنبًا ِ ِ ِ ِ تَا ت ْى تُ ْو بَ ْت تُ ْو تًا تَ ِن تَ ْت َن م َن الُْمْت ِن َمتيتًا تَنتًا ِ ِ ِ ِ ثَا ث ْى ثُ ْو بَ ْث ثُ ْو ثًا ثَ ِن ثَ ثْ َن م َن الُْمثْ ِن َمثيثًا ثَنثًا ِ ِ ِ ِ َجا ج ْى ُجْو بَ ْج ُجْو ًجا َج ِن َج ْج َن م َن الُْم ْج ِن َمجي ًجا َجن ًجا ِ ِ ِ ِ َحا ح ْى ُحْو بَ ْح ُحْو ًحا َح ِن َح ْح َن م َن الُْم ْح ِن َمحي ًحا َحن ًحا ِ ِ ِ ِ َخا خ ْى ُخْو بَ ْخ ُخْو ًخا َخ ِن َخ ْخ َن م َن الُْم ْخ ِن َمخي ًخا َخن ًخا ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ َدا د ْى ُدْو بَْد ُدْو ًدا َدن َد ْد َن م َن الُْم ْدن َمدي ًدا َدن ًدا ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ذَا ذ ْى ذُْو بَْذ ذُْو ذًا ذَن ذَ ْذ َن م َن الُْم ْذن َمذي ًذا ذَن ًذا ِ ِ ِ ِ َرا ِر ْى ُرْو بَ ْر ُرْو ًرا َرن َرْرَن م َن الُْمْرن َمِريًرا َرنًرا ِ ِ ِ ِ َزا ِز ْى ُزْو بَ ْز ُزْو ًزا َزن َزْزَن م َن الُْمْزن َمِزيًزا َزنًزا ِ ِ ِ ِ َسا س ْى ُسْو بَ ْس ُسْو ًسا َس ِن َس ْس َن م َن الُْم ْس ِن َمسي ًسا َسن ًسا ِ ِ ِ ِ َشا ش ْى ُشْو بَ ْش ُشْو ًشا َش ِن َش ْش َن م َن الُْم ْش ِن َمشي ًشا َشن ًشا ِ ِ ِ ِ َصا ص ْى ُصْو بَ ْش ُصْو ًصا َص ِن َص ْص َن م َن الُْم ْص ِن َمصي ًصا َصن ًصا 8 FATEHAH LEARNING CENTRE Seronoknya Cinta Al-Quran ِ ِ ِ ِ َضا ض ْى ُضْو بَ ْض ُضْو ًضا َض ِن َض ْض َن م َن الُْم ْض ِن َمضي ًضا َضن ًضا ِ ِ ِ ِ طَا ط ْى طُْو بَ ْط طُْو طًا طَ ِن طَطْ َن م َن الُْمطْ ِن َمطيطًا طَنطًا ِ ِ ِ ِ ظَا ظ ْى ظُْو بَ ْظ ظُْو ظًا ظَ ِن ظَظْ َن م َن الُْمظْ ِن َمظيظًا ظَنظًا ِ ِ ِ ِ َعا ع ْى عُْو بَ ْع عُْو ًعا َع ِن َعْع َن م َن الُْمْع ِن َمعيًعا َعنًعا ِ ِ ِ ِ غَا غ ْى غُْو بَ ْغ غُْو غًا غَ ِن غَغْ َن م َن الُْمغْ ِن َمغيغًا غَنغًا ِ ِ ِ ِ فَا ف ْى فُ ْو بَ ْف فُ ْو فًا فَ ِن فَ ْف َن م َن الُْمْف ِن َمفيًفا فَنًفا ِ ِ ِ ِ قَا ق ْى قُ ْو ب ْق قُ ْو قًا قَ ِن قَ ْق َن م َن الُْمْق ِن َمقيًقا قَنًقا ِ ِ ِ ِ َكا ك ْى ُكْو بَ ْك ُكْو ًكا َك ِن َك ْك َن م َن الُْم ْك ِن َمكي ًكا َكن ًكا ِ ِ ِ ِ َل ل ْى لُْو بَ ْل لُْو ًل لَ ِن لَْل َن م َن الُْمْل ِن َمليًل لَنًل ِ ِ ِ ِ َما م ْى ُمْو بَ ْم ُمْو ًما َم ِن َم ْم َن م َن الُْم ْم ِن َمميًما َمنًما ِ ِ ِ ِ نَا ن ْى نُ ْو بَ ْن نُ ْو نًا نَ ِن نَ ْن َن م َن الُْمْن ِن َمنينًا نَننًا ِ ِ ِ ِ َوا ِو ْى ُوْو بَ ْو ُوْو ًوا َون َوْوَن م َن الُْمْون َم ِويًوا َمنًما ِ ِ ِ ِ َها ه ْى ُهْو بَْه ُهْو ًها َه ِن َهْه َن م َن الُْمْه ِن َمهيًها َمنًما ِ ِ ِ ِ يَا ي ْى يُ ْو بَ ْي يُ ْو يًا يَ ِن يَ ْي َن م َن الُْمْي ِن َميييًا يَنيًا 9 FATEHAH LEARNING CENTRE Seronoknya Cinta Al-Quran ALIF LAM MA’RIFAH Alif Lam Al-Qamariyyah Alif Lam As-Syamsiyyah 1.
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